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class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Eutrofizzazione</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 56 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofikasie" title="Eutrofikasie - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Eutrofikasie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofizaci%C3%B3n" title="Eutrofización - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Eutrofización" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B0%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فرط المغذيات - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فرط المغذيات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofizaci%C3%B3n" title="Eutrofización - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Eutrofización" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evtrofikasiya" title="Evtrofikasiya - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Evtrofikasiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%9E%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Эўтрафікацыя - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эўтрафікацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Еутрофикация - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Еутрофикация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofitzaci%C3%B3" title="Eutrofització - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eutrofització" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofizace" title="Eutrofizace - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Eutrofizace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewtroffigedd" title="Ewtroffigedd - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ewtroffigedd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofiering" title="Eutrofiering - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Eutrofiering" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrophierung" title="Eutrophierung - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eutrophierung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%85%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Ευτροφισμός - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ευτροφισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrophication" title="Eutrophication - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Eutrophication" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantozi%C4%9Do" title="Plantoziĝo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Plantoziĝo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofizaci%C3%B3n" title="Eutrofización - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eutrofización" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofeerumine" title="Eutrofeerumine - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Eutrofeerumine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofizazio" title="Eutrofizazio - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eutrofizazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%B0%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="پرغذایی - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرغذایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rehev%C3%B6ityminen" title="Rehevöityminen - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rehevöityminen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrophisation" title="Eutrophisation - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eutrophisation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofizaci%C3%B3n" title="Eutrofización - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Eutrofización" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94" title="איטרופיקציה - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איטרופיקציה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3" title="सुपोषण - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सुपोषण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etwofizasyon" title="Etwofizasyon - creolo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Etwofizasyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creolo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofiz%C3%A1ci%C3%B3" title="Eutrofizáció - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Eutrofizáció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BE%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%86%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Էվտրոֆիկացիա - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էվտրոֆիկացիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofikasi" title="Eutrofikasi - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Eutrofikasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofau%C3%B0gun" title="Ofauðgun - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ofauðgun" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E6%A0%84%E9%A4%8A%E5%8C%96" title="富栄養化 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="富栄養化" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B2%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Эвтрофтану - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Эвтрофтану" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%80%EC%98%81%EC%96%91%ED%99%94" title="부영양화 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="부영양화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эфтрофикация - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эфтрофикация" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofikacija" title="Eutrofikacija - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Eutrofikacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eitrofik%C4%81cija" title="Eitrofikācija - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Eitrofikācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Еутрофикација - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Еутрофикација" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" title="അമിതപോഷണം - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അമിതപോഷണം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofikasi" title="Eutrofikasi - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Eutrofikasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofi%C3%ABring" title="Eutrofiëring - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eutrofiëring" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofizacion" title="Eutrofizacion - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Eutrofizacion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofizacja" title="Eutrofizacja - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Eutrofizacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Eutrofização - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eutrofização" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofizare" title="Eutrofizare - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Eutrofizare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B2%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эвтрофикация - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эвтрофикация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrophication" title="Eutrophication - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Eutrophication" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofiz%C3%A1cia" title="Eutrofizácia - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Eutrofizácia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evtrofikacija" title="Evtrofikacija - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Evtrofikacija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutrofizimi" title="Eutrofizimi - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Eutrofizimi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Цветање воде - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Цветање воде" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96verg%C3%B6dning" title="Övergödning - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Övergödning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li 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lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Niente fonti!"><img alt="Niente fonti!" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/45px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/68px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/90px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sugli argomenti chimica e ecologia <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">non cita le fonti necessarie</a> o quelle presenti sono insufficienti</b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr />Puoi <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eutrofizzazione&action=edit">migliorare questa voce</a> aggiungendo citazioni da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fonti_attendibili" title="Wikipedia:Fonti attendibili">fonti attendibili</a> secondo le <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">linee guida sull'uso delle fonti</a>. Segui i suggerimenti dei progetti di riferimento <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Chimica" title="Progetto:Chimica">1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Ecologia" title="Progetto:Ecologia">2</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Potomac_green_water.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Potomac_green_water.JPG/220px-Potomac_green_water.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Potomac_green_water.JPG/330px-Potomac_green_water.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Potomac_green_water.JPG/440px-Potomac_green_water.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Eutrofizzazione nel <a href="/wiki/Potomac_(fiume)" title="Potomac (fiume)">fiume Potomac</a>: il colore verdastro delle acque è causato da uno sviluppo eccessivo di <a href="/wiki/Cianobatteri" class="mw-redirect" title="Cianobatteri">cianobatteri</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Il termine <b>eutrofizzazione</b>, derivante dal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_greca_antica" title="Lingua greca antica">greco</a> <i>eutrophia</i> (<i>eu</i> = "buono", <i>trophè</i> = "nutrimento"), indica una condizione di ricchezza di sostanze nutritive in un dato ambiente, in particolare una sovrabbondanza di <a href="/wiki/Nitrato" title="Nitrato">nitrati</a> e <a href="/wiki/Fosfato" title="Fosfato">fosfati</a> (soprattutto la presenza nell'acqua di Na<sub>5</sub>P<sub>3</sub>O<sub>10,</sub> un agente chelante per ioni Ca<sup>2+</sup> e Mg<sup>2+</sup>) in un ambiente acquatico. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Un_fenomeno_inquinante">Un fenomeno inquinante</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutrofizzazione&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Un fenomeno inquinante" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutrofizzazione&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Un fenomeno inquinante"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il termine viene correntemente usato anche per indicare l'accrescimento degli organismi vegetali, che si ha per effetto della presenza nell'<a href="/wiki/Ecosistema" title="Ecosistema">ecosistema</a> acquatico di dosi troppo elevate di sostanze nutritive come <a href="/wiki/Azoto" title="Azoto">azoto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo">fosforo</a> o <a href="/wiki/Zolfo" title="Zolfo">zolfo</a>, provenienti da fonti naturali o antropiche (come i <a href="/wiki/Fertilizzante" title="Fertilizzante">fertilizzanti</a>, alcuni tipi di <a href="/wiki/Detersivo" class="mw-redirect" title="Detersivo">detersivi</a>, le acque reflue di origine domestica o industriale), e il conseguente degrado dell'ambiente divenuto asfittico. </p><p>L'accumulo di elementi come l'azoto e il fosforo causa la proliferazione di <a href="/wiki/Alga" title="Alga">alghe</a> microscopiche che, a loro volta, non essendo smaltite dai <a href="/wiki/Consumatore_(ecologia)" title="Consumatore (ecologia)">consumatori</a> primari, determinano una maggiore attività batterica; aumenta così il consumo globale di ossigeno, e la mancanza di quest'ultimo provoca alla lunga la morte dei pesci. </p><p>Questo fenomeno è stato riconosciuto come un problema di <a href="/wiki/Inquinamento" title="Inquinamento">inquinamento</a> in <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> e in <a href="/wiki/America_settentrionale" title="America settentrionale">America del Nord</a> verso la metà del <a href="/wiki/XX_secolo" title="XX secolo">XX secolo</a> e da allora si è andato sviluppando. </p><p>Negli ambienti acquatici si nota un notevole sviluppo della vegetazione e del <a href="/wiki/Fitoplancton" title="Fitoplancton">fitoplancton</a>. Il loro aumento numerico presso la superficie dello specchio d'acqua comporta una limitazione degli scambi gassosi (e quindi anche del passaggio in soluzione dell'<a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">ossigeno</a> atmosferico). Inoltre, quando le <a href="/wiki/Alghe" class="mw-redirect" title="Alghe">alghe</a> muoiono, vi è una conseguente forte diminuzione di <a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">ossigeno</a> a causa della loro decomposizione e i processi di <a href="/wiki/Putrefazione" title="Putrefazione">putrefazione</a> e <a href="/wiki/Fermentazione" title="Fermentazione">fermentazione</a> associati liberano grandi quantità di <a href="/wiki/Ammoniaca" title="Ammoniaca">ammoniaca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metano" title="Metano">metano</a> e <a href="/wiki/Acido_solfidrico" title="Acido solfidrico">acido solfidrico</a>, rendendo l'ambiente inospitale anche per altre forme di vita. Al posto dei microrganismi aerobici (che hanno bisogno di <a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">ossigeno</a>) subentrano quelli anaerobici (che non hanno bisogno di ossigeno) che sviluppano sostanze tossiche e maleodoranti. </p><p>Alcuni effetti negativi dell'eutrofizzazione sono: </p> <ul><li>aumento della <a href="/wiki/Biomassa" title="Biomassa">biomassa</a> di <a href="/wiki/Fitoplancton" title="Fitoplancton">fitoplancton</a></li> <li>sviluppo di specie <a href="/wiki/Veleno" title="Veleno">tossiche</a> di fitoplancton</li> <li>aumento della quantità di alghe gelatinose (<a href="/wiki/Mucillagine" title="Mucillagine">mucillagini</a>)</li> <li>aumento delle <a href="/wiki/Pianta_acquatica" title="Pianta acquatica">piante acquatiche</a> in prossimità dei <a href="/wiki/Costa" title="Costa">litorali</a></li> <li>aumento della <a href="/wiki/Turbidimetria" title="Turbidimetria">torbidità</a> e del cattivo odore dell'acqua</li> <li>diminuzione della quantità di <a href="/wiki/Ossigeno_disciolto" title="Ossigeno disciolto">ossigeno disciolto</a> nell'acqua</li> <li>diminuzione della <a href="/wiki/Biodiversit%C3%A0" title="Biodiversità">diversità biotica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estinzione" title="Estinzione">scomparsa</a> di alcune specie ittiche pregiate (i <a href="/wiki/Salmonidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Salmonidi">salmonidi</a>).</li></ul> <p>Per contrastare l'eutrofizzazione sono necessari interventi che riducano gli afflussi di nutrienti ai corpi idrici (riduzione dei fertilizzanti in <a href="/wiki/Agricoltura" title="Agricoltura">agricoltura</a>, depurazione degli scarichi civili e industriali, trattamento delle acque di scolo delle colture tramite agenti sequestranti e impianti di <a href="/wiki/Fitodepurazione" title="Fitodepurazione">fitodepurazione</a>). Si ritiene che il <a href="/wiki/Riscaldamento_globale" title="Riscaldamento globale">riscaldamento globale</a> contribuirà a peggiorare il fenomeno dell'eutrofizzazione. Il riscaldamento delle acque superficiali, infatti, fa diminuire la <a href="/wiki/Solubilit%C3%A0" title="Solubilità">solubilità</a> dei gas (e quindi anche dell'<a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">ossigeno</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutrofizzazione&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutrofizzazione&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acque_reflue" title="Acque reflue">Acque reflue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lago" title="Lago">Lago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tensioattivo" title="Tensioattivo">Tensioattivo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossigeno_disciolto" title="Ossigeno disciolto">Ossigeno disciolto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodegradazione" title="Biodegradazione">Biodegradazione</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutrofizzazione&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutrofizzazione&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Eutrophication"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Eutrophication?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Eutrophication?uselang=it">eutrofizzazione</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutrofizzazione&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutrofizzazione&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/eutrophication"><span style="font-style:italic;">eutrophication</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156698#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060507060752/http://www.fondazionemichelagnoli.it/poster_fonda/eutrofizzazione.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Fondazione Michelagnoli - Poster eutrofizzazione (pdf 4,89 MB)</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), su <span style="font-style:italic;">fondazionemichelagnoli.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 16 marzo 2006</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.fondazionemichelagnoli.it/poster_fonda/eutrofizzazione.pdf">url originale</abbr> il 7 maggio 2006)</small>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Inquinamento"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Inquinamento" title="Template:Inquinamento"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Inquinamento" title="Discussioni template:Inquinamento"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Inquinamento&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Inquinamento" title="Inquinamento">Inquinamento</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Inquinamento_atmosferico" title="Inquinamento atmosferico">Inquinamento atmosferico</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Buco_nell%27ozono" title="Buco nell'ozono">Buco nell'ozono</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Alogenuri_alchilici" title="Alogenuri alchilici">Clorofluorocarburi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Dispersione_degli_inquinanti_in_atmosfera" title="Dispersione degli inquinanti in atmosfera">Dispersione degli inquinanti in atmosfera</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Fattore_di_emissione" title="Fattore di emissione">Fattore di emissione</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Inventario_delle_emissioni" title="Inventario delle emissioni">Inventario delle emissioni</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Neve_chimica" title="Neve chimica">Neve chimica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Particolato_atmosferico" class="mw-redirect" title="Particolato atmosferico">Particolato atmosferico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pioggia_acida" title="Pioggia acida">Pioggia acida</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Qualit%C3%A0_dell%27aria" title="Qualità dell'aria">Qualità dell'aria</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Smog" title="Smog">Smog</a></i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Inquinamento_idrico" title="Inquinamento idrico">Inquinamento idrico</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Acidificazione_degli_oceani" title="Acidificazione degli oceani">Acidificazione degli oceani</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acque_reflue" title="Acque reflue">Acque reflue</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Depurazione" title="Depurazione">Depurazione</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Disastro_petrolifero" title="Disastro petrolifero">Disastro petrolifero</a><b> ·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eutrofizzazione</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Inquinamento_del_suolo" title="Inquinamento del suolo">Inquinamento del suolo</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Biorisanamento" title="Biorisanamento">Biorisanamento</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Decontaminazione_elettrocinetica" title="Decontaminazione elettrocinetica">Decontaminazione elettrocinetica</a><b> ·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Landfarming" title="Landfarming">Landfarming</a></i><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Solidificazione_del_suolo" title="Solidificazione del suolo">Solidificazione del suolo</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Altri tipi di inquinamento</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Inquinamento_acustico" title="Inquinamento acustico">Acustico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Inquinamento_architettonico" title="Inquinamento architettonico">Architettonico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Inquinamento_elettromagnetico" title="Inquinamento elettromagnetico">Elettromagnetico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Inquinamento_fotochimico" title="Inquinamento fotochimico">Fotochimico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Inquinamento_luminoso" title="Inquinamento luminoso">Luminoso</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Inquinamento_radioattivo" title="Inquinamento radioattivo">Radioattivo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Inquinamento_termico" title="Inquinamento termico">Termico</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Rifiuti" class="mw-redirect" title="Rifiuti">Rifiuti</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Gestione_dei_rifiuti" title="Gestione dei rifiuti">Gestione dei rifiuti</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Raccolta_differenziata" title="Raccolta differenziata">Raccolta differenziata</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Riciclaggio_dei_rifiuti" title="Riciclaggio dei rifiuti">Riciclaggio dei rifiuti</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Riuso" class="mw-redirect" title="Riuso">Riuso</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=4587">4587</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85045914">sh85045914</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4015799-4">4015799-4</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr 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