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class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Writing, producing and directing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writing,_producing_and_directing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theme_song_and_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theme_song_and_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Theme song and music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theme_song_and_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Remastered" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Remastered"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Remastered </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Remastered-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hiatus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hiatus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Hiatus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hiatus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Revival </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf:_Back_to_Earth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf:_Back_to_Earth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7.1 Red Dwarf: Back to Earth </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf:_Back_to_Earth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf_X" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf_X"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7.2 Red Dwarf X </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf_X-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf_XI_and_XII" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf_XI_and_XII"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7.3 Red Dwarf XI and XII </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf_XI_and_XII-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf:_The_Promised_Land" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf:_The_Promised_Land"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7.4 Red Dwarf: The Promised Land </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf:_The_Promised_Land-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Three_Episode_Special" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Three_Episode_Special"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7.5 Three Episode Special </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Three_Episode_Special-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Themes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Themes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Themes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Themes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hallmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hallmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Hallmarks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hallmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Episodes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Episodes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Episodes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Episodes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ratings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ratings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Ratings </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ratings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Ratings subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Ratings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf_I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf_I"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Red Dwarf I </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf_I-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf_VIII" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf_VIII"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Red Dwarf VIII </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf_VIII-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Back_to_Earth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Back_to_Earth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Back to Earth </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Back_to_Earth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf_X_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf_X_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Red Dwarf X </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf_X_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf_XI" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf_XI"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Red Dwarf XI </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf_XI-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf_XII" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf_XII"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.6 Red Dwarf XII </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf_XII-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Promised_Land" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Promised_Land"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.7 The Promised Land </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Promised_Land-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception_and_achievements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception_and_achievements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Reception and achievements </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reception_and_achievements-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reception and achievements subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reception_and_achievements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Critical_reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Critical reception </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Achievements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Achievements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Achievements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Achievements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spin-offs_and_merchandise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spin-offs_and_merchandise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Spin-offs and merchandise </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Spin-offs_and_merchandise-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Spin-offs and merchandise subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Spin-offs_and_merchandise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Novels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Novels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Novels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Novels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_Red_Dwarf_novels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Red_Dwarf_novels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1.1 List of Red Dwarf novels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_Red_Dwarf_novels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Home_video_releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Home_video_releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Home video releases </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Home_video_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-DVD_releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DVD_releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2.1 DVD releases </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DVD_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Blu-ray_releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blu-ray_releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2.2 Blu-ray releases </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blu-ray_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Magazine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Magazine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Magazine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Magazine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._version" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._version"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4 U.S. version </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S._version-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf:_The_Movie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf:_The_Movie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.5 Red Dwarf: The Movie </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf:_The_Movie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role-playing_game" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role-playing_game"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.6 Role-playing game </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role-playing_game-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Video_games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video_games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.7 Video games </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video_games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf_Night" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf_Night"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.8 Red Dwarf Night </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf_Night-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-YouTube_Geek_Week" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#YouTube_Geek_Week"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.9 YouTube Geek Week </div> </a> <ul id="toc-YouTube_Geek_Week-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stellar_Rescue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stellar_Rescue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.10 Stellar Rescue </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stellar_Rescue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf:_The_First_Three_Million_Years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf:_The_First_Three_Million_Years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.11 Red Dwarf: The First Three Million Years </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf:_The_First_Three_Million_Years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Red_Dwarf:_Into_The_Gloop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Red_Dwarf:_Into_The_Gloop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.12 Red Dwarf: Into The Gloop </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Red_Dwarf:_Into_The_Gloop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dave_Hollins:_Space_Cadet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dave_Hollins:_Space_Cadet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Dave Hollins: Space Cadet </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dave_Hollins:_Space_Cadet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Red Dwarf</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" > 27 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81" title="ريد دوارف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ريد دوارف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5" title="Червеното джудже – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Червеното джудже" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_nan_roig" title="El nan roig – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="El nan roig" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cerven%C3%BD_trpasl%C3%ADk_(seri%C3%A1l)" title="Červený trpaslík (seriál) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Červený trpaslík (seriál)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Dwarf" title="Red Dwarf – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Red Dwarf" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Dwarf" title="Red Dwarf – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Red Dwarf" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Dwarf" title="Red Dwarf – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Red Dwarf" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enano_Rojo" title="Enano Rojo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Enano Rojo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Dwarf" title="Red Dwarf – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Red Dwarf" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Dwarf" title="Red Dwarf – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Red Dwarf" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crveni_patuljak_(televizijska_serija)" title="Crveni patuljak (televizijska serija) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Crveni patuljak (televizijska serija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Dwarf" title="Red Dwarf – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Red Dwarf" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A0%D7%A1_%D7%90%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9D_(%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%96%D7%99%D7%94)" title="ננס אדום (סדרת טלוויזיה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ננס אדום (סדרת טלוויזיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Dwarf" title="Red Dwarf – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Red Dwarf" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarkanais_punduris_(seri%C4%81ls)" title="Sarkanais punduris (seriāls) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sarkanais punduris (seriāls)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Dwarf" title="Red Dwarf – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Red Dwarf" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Dwarf" title="Red Dwarf – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Red Dwarf" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E8%88%B9%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%89%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%95%E5%8F%B7" title="宇宙船レッド・ドワーフ号 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="宇宙船レッド・ドワーフ号" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czerwony_karze%C5%82_(serial_telewizyjny)" title="Czerwony karzeł (serial telewizyjny) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Czerwony karzeł (serial telewizyjny)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piticul_ro%C8%99u" title="Piticul roșu – Romanian" lang="ro" 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British comedy science fiction programme</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the British comedy series. For the type of star, see <a href="/wiki/Red_dwarf" title="Red dwarf">Red dwarf</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1230561210">.mw-parser-output .ib-tv{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0 3px;padding:3px 5px}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-above{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;font-size:125%;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-header{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv img{background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-aka{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release td,.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1}</style><table class="infobox ib-tv vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary">Red Dwarf</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_Dwarf_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Red_Dwarf_logo.png/220px-Red_Dwarf_logo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Red_Dwarf_logo.png/330px-Red_Dwarf_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Red_Dwarf_logo.png/440px-Red_Dwarf_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Logo (1992–99)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">Sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science fiction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Grant" title="Rob Grant">Rob Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Naylor" title="Doug Naylor">Doug Naylor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Based on</th><td class="infobox-data"><div><a href="/wiki/Dave_Hollins:_Space_Cadet" class="mw-redirect" title="Dave Hollins: Space Cadet">Dave Hollins: Space Cadet</a> by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="display: inline"><ul style="display: inline"><li style="display: inline">Rob Grant</li><li>Doug Naylor</li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Bye" title="Ed Bye">Ed Bye</a> (1988–91, 1997–99)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliet_May" title="Juliet May">Juliet May</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Naylor" title="Grant Naylor">Grant Naylor</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_De_Emmony" title="Andy De Emmony">Andy De Emmony</a> (1993)</li> <li>Doug Naylor (1992, 2009–20)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Barrie" title="Chris Barrie">Chris Barrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Charles" title="Craig Charles">Craig Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_John-Jules" title="Danny John-Jules">Danny John-Jules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lovett" title="Norman Lovett">Norman Lovett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hattie_Hayridge" title="Hattie Hayridge">Hattie Hayridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Llewellyn" title="Robert Llewellyn">Robert Llewellyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%AB_Annett" title="Chloë Annett">Chloë Annett</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Composers</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Goodall" title="Howard Goodall">Howard Goodall</a> (1988–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Farrer" title="Paul Farrer">Paul Farrer</a> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of series</th><td class="infobox-data">12, and 1 TV film</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of episodes</th><td class="infobox-data">74 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">list of episodes</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Production</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Executive producers</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Jackson_(producer)" title="Paul Jackson (producer)">Paul Jackson</a> (1988–89)</li> <li>Rob Grant (1992–93)</li> <li>Doug Naylor (1992–2020)</li> <li>Charles Armitage (2009–12)</li> <li>Simon Lupton (2016–17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Normal" title="Henry Normal">Henry Normal</a> (2016–17)</li> <li>Simon L. Edwards (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Langan" title="Christine Langan">Christine Langan</a> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Producers</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Ed Bye (1988–91, 1997–99)</li> <li>Rob Grant (1989–91)</li> <li>Doug Naylor (1989–91)</li> <li>Hilary Bevan-Jones (1992)</li> <li>Justin Judd (1993)</li> <li>Jo Howard and Helen Norman (2009)</li> <li>Richard Naylor (2012–20)</li> <li>Kerry Waddell (2016–17)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Camera setup</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multi-camera_setup" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-camera setup">Multi-camera</a> (Series 1–6, 8, 10–12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-camera_setup" title="Single-camera setup">Single-camera</a> (Series 7, <a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_Back_to_Earth" title="Red Dwarf: Back to Earth">Back to Earth</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Running time</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>28–30 minutes (Series 1–8, 10–12)</li> <li>25 minutes (per part) (Back to Earth)</li> <li>90 minutes (<a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_The_Promised_Land" title="Red Dwarf: The Promised Land">The Promised Land</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Production companies</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Paul Jackson Productions (1988–89)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Naylor" title="Grant Naylor">Grant Naylor Productions</a> (1991–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_Cow_Productions" title="Baby Cow Productions">Baby Cow Productions</a> (2016–20)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">£250,000 per episode</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Original release</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">15 February 1988 (1988-02-15) – 5 April 1999 (1999-04-05)</td></tr><tr class="ib-tv-network-release"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dave_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dave (TV channel)">Dave</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">10 April 2009 (2009-04-10) – 9 April 2020 (2020-04-09)</td></tr></tbody></table> Red Dwarf is a British <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">science fiction comedy</a> programme created by <a href="/wiki/Rob_Grant" title="Rob Grant">Rob Grant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Doug_Naylor" title="Doug Naylor">Doug Naylor</a>, consisting of a <a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">sitcom</a> that aired on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a> between 1988 and 1999, and on <a href="/wiki/Dave_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dave (TV channel)">Dave</a> since 2009, gaining a <a href="/wiki/Cult_following" title="Cult following">cult following</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> The programme follows low-ranking <a href="/wiki/Technician" title="Technician">technician</a> <a href="/wiki/Dave_Lister" title="Dave Lister">Dave Lister</a>, who awakens after being in <a href="/wiki/Suspended_animation" title="Suspended animation">suspended animation</a> for three million years to find that he is the last living <a href="/wiki/Human" title="Human">human</a>, and that he is alone on the <a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mining</a> <a href="/wiki/Spacecraft" title="Spacecraft">spacecraft</a> Red Dwarf—except for a hologram of his deceased bunkmate <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Rimmer" title="Arnold Rimmer">Arnold Rimmer</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Cat_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Cat (Red Dwarf)">Cat</a>", a life form which evolved from Lister's pregnant <a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">cat</a>. As of 2020, the cast included <a href="/wiki/Chris_Barrie" title="Chris Barrie">Chris Barrie</a> as Rimmer, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Charles" title="Craig Charles">Craig Charles</a> as Lister, <a href="/wiki/Danny_John-Jules" title="Danny John-Jules">Danny John-Jules</a> as <a href="/wiki/Cat_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Cat (Red Dwarf)">Cat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Llewellyn" title="Robert Llewellyn">Robert Llewellyn</a> as the sanitation droid <a href="/wiki/Kryten" title="Kryten">Kryten</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Norman_Lovett" title="Norman Lovett">Norman Lovett</a> as the ship's computer, <a href="/wiki/Holly_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Holly (Red Dwarf)">Holly</a>. To date, twelve series of the show have aired (including one <a href="/wiki/Miniseries" title="Miniseries">miniseries</a>), in addition to a <a href="/wiki/Television_film" title="Television film">feature-length</a> special The Promised Land. Four <a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">novels</a> were published from 1989 to 1996. Two <a href="/wiki/Television_pilot" title="Television pilot">pilot episodes</a> of an American version of the show were produced but never aired. The magazine The Red Dwarf Smegazine was published from 1992 to 1994. One of the series' highest accolades came in 1994 when an episode from the sixth series, "<a href="/wiki/Gunmen_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Gunmen of the Apocalypse">Gunmen of the Apocalypse</a>", won an International <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy Award">Emmy Award</a> in the Popular Arts category. In the same year, the series was also awarded Best BBC Comedy Series at the <a href="/wiki/British_Comedy_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="British Comedy Awards">British Comedy Awards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> The series attracted its highest ratings, of more than eight million viewers, during the eighth series, in 1999.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> The revived series on Dave has consistently delivered some of the highest ratings for non–<a href="/wiki/Public_service_broadcasting_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Public service broadcasting in the United Kingdom">Public Service Broadcasting</a> commissions in the UK.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf_XI" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Dwarf XI">Series XI</a> was voted Best Returning TV Sitcom and Comedy of the Year for 2016 by readers for the <a href="/wiki/British_Comedy_Guide" title="British Comedy Guide">British Comedy Guide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Comedy_of_the_Year_2016-7">[7]</a> In a 2019 ranking by <a href="/wiki/Empire_(film_magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Empire (film magazine)">Empire</a>, Red Dwarf came 80th on a list of the 100 best TV shows of all time.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Setting_and_plot">Setting and plot</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Setting and plot">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Red_Dwarf_sapce_ship_as_seen_in_series_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/The_Red_Dwarf_sapce_ship_as_seen_in_series_10.jpg/220px-The_Red_Dwarf_sapce_ship_as_seen_in_series_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/The_Red_Dwarf_sapce_ship_as_seen_in_series_10.jpg/330px-The_Red_Dwarf_sapce_ship_as_seen_in_series_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/e7/The_Red_Dwarf_sapce_ship_as_seen_in_series_10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="237" /></a><figcaption>Red Dwarf's design from Series X (2012) and onwards</figcaption></figure> The main setting of the series is the eponymous mining spaceship Red Dwarf.<a href="#cite_note-Series_I_at_Sci_Fi_Dimensions-9">[9]</a> In the first episode, set sometime in the late 21st century,<a href="#cite_note-10">[a]</a> an on-board <a href="/wiki/Radiation" title="Radiation">radiation</a> leak kills everyone except lowest-ranking technician Dave Lister, who is in suspended animation at the time, as punishment for <a href="/wiki/Smuggling" title="Smuggling">smuggling</a> a cat aboard the ship. The cat, Frankenstein, who is revealed to be pregnant, is safe in the cargo hold.<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p45-11">[10]</a> Following the accident, the ship's computer <a href="/wiki/Holly_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Holly (Red Dwarf)">Holly</a> keeps Lister in stasis until the radiation levels return to normal—a process that takes three million years.<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p45-11">[10]</a> Lister therefore emerges as the last human being in the <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">universe</a>—but not alone on board the ship.<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p46-12">[11]</a> His former bunkmate and immediate superior Arnold Judas Rimmer (a character plagued by failure) is <a href="/wiki/Resurrection" title="Resurrection">resurrected</a> by Holly as a <a href="/wiki/Volumetric_display" title="Volumetric display">hologram</a> to keep Lister sane. They are joined by a creature known only as <a href="/wiki/Cat_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Cat (Red Dwarf)">Cat</a>, who was initially thought to be the last member of a race of humanoid <a href="/wiki/Felidae" title="Felidae">felines</a> that <a href="/wiki/Evolution_of_mammals" title="Evolution of mammals">evolved</a> in the ship's hold from Lister's pregnant cat during the three million years that Lister was in stasis.<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p46-12">[11]</a> In season 1 episode 3 '<a href="/wiki/Waiting_for_God_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Waiting for God (Red Dwarf)">Waiting for God</a>', it was revealed that the cat priest had also survived, and was living in the hold of the ship. The series revolves around Lister being the last human alive, after three million years of travel from <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>, with his companions. The crew encounter phenomena such as <a href="/wiki/Time_distortion_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Time distortion theory">time distortions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faster-than-light" title="Faster-than-light">faster-than-light</a> travel, <a href="/wiki/Mutant" title="Mutant">mutant</a> <a href="/wiki/Disease" title="Disease">diseases</a> and strange <a href="/wiki/Lifeform" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifeform">lifeforms</a> (all evolved from Earth, because the series has no aliens) that had developed in the intervening millions of years.<a href="#cite_note-Series_I_at_SciFi.com-13">[12]</a> Despite the <a href="/wiki/Pastiche" title="Pastiche">pastiche</a> of science fiction used as a backdrop, Red Dwarf is primarily a character-driven comedy, with science fiction elements used as complementary <a href="/wiki/Plot_device" title="Plot device">plot devices</a>.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> Especially in the early episodes, a recurring source of comedy was the <a href="/wiki/The_Odd_Couple_(film)" title="The Odd Couple (film)">Odd Couple</a>-style relationship between the two central characters of the show, who have an intense dislike for each other yet are trapped together deep in space. In Series III, the computer Holly changes from male (<a href="/wiki/Norman_Lovett" title="Norman Lovett">Norman Lovett</a>) to female (<a href="/wiki/Hattie_Hayridge" title="Hattie Hayridge">Hattie Hayridge</a>), and the <a href="/wiki/Mechanoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechanoid">mechanoid</a> Kryten (who had appeared in <a href="/wiki/Kryten_(Red_Dwarf_episode)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kryten (Red Dwarf episode)">one episode</a> in Series II)<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> joins the crew and becomes a regular character.<a href="#cite_note-screenonline:_Red_Dwarf-16">[15]</a> In Series VI, a <a href="/wiki/Story_arc" title="Story arc">story arc</a> is introduced where Red Dwarf has been stolen, and the crew pursue it in the smaller Starbug craft, with the side effect that the character Holly disappears.<a href="#cite_note-Series_VI_review_at_Sci-Fi_Weekly-17">[16]</a> Series VII is also set in Starbug. Early in series VII, Rimmer departs (due to actor <a href="/wiki/Chris_Barrie" title="Chris Barrie">Chris Barrie</a>'s commitments) and is replaced by <a href="/wiki/Kristine_Kochanski" title="Kristine Kochanski">Kristine Kochanski</a>, Lister's long-term love interest, from an <a href="/wiki/Parallel_universes_in_fiction" title="Parallel universes in fiction">alternate universe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Series_VII_review_at_DVD_Active-18">[17]</a> Kochanski becomes a regular character for Series VII and VIII. At the end of Series VII, Kryten's service <a href="/wiki/Nanobot" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanobot">nanobots</a>, which had abandoned him years earlier, are revealed to be behind the theft of the Red Dwarf at the end of series five. At the beginning of the eighth series, Kryten's nanobots reconstruct the Red Dwarf, which they had broken down into its constituent atoms.<a href="#cite_note-Series_VIII_review_at_Sci-Fi_Weekly-19">[18]</a> As a consequence, Series VIII features the entire original crew of Red Dwarf resurrected (except for the already-alive Lister and Kochanski), including a pre-accident Rimmer and the original male Holly. The series ends with a metal-eating <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">virus</a> loose on Red Dwarf. The entire crew evacuate save the main cast (Lister, Rimmer, Cat, Kryten, and Kochanski), whose fates are unresolved in a <a href="/wiki/Cliffhanger_ending" class="mw-redirect" title="Cliffhanger ending">cliffhanger ending</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Episode_Guide_at_Britannia.org_—_Series_8-20">[19]</a> Series IX onwards revert to the same four main characters of Series 3–6 (Lister, Rimmer, Cat and Kryten), on Red Dwarf and without Kochanski or Holly; Rimmer reappears as a hologram once again. While it was left unmentioned whether the Rimmer on board ship is the one who originally left, the revived version, or a third <a href="/wiki/Incarnation" title="Incarnation">incarnation</a> entirely (episodes have alluded to him remembering events from both previous incarnations' lives); with the release of The Promised Land, series-creator <a href="/wiki/Doug_Naylor" title="Doug Naylor">Doug Naylor</a> confirmed in 2020 that the Rimmer from <a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_Back_to_Earth" title="Red Dwarf: Back to Earth">Back To Earth</a> onwards is the original Rimmer, having returned from his time being Ace Rimmer. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characters_and_actors">Characters and actors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Characters and actors">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_characters" title="List of Red Dwarf characters">List of Red Dwarf characters</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_dwarf_cast_series_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b3/Red_dwarf_cast_series_10.jpg/330px-Red_dwarf_cast_series_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b3/Red_dwarf_cast_series_10.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="447" data-file-height="223" /></a><figcaption>From left to right: <a href="/wiki/Cat_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Cat (Red Dwarf)">Cat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Rimmer" title="Arnold Rimmer">Rimmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kryten" title="Kryten">Kryten</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dave_Lister" title="Dave Lister">Lister</a> as they appeared in Series 10 (2012)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Charles" title="Craig Charles">Craig Charles</a> as <a href="/wiki/Dave_Lister" title="Dave Lister">David "Dave" Lister</a>: A third-class technician on the Red Dwarf, who was the lowest-ranking of the 169 original crew members,<a href="#cite_note-21">[b]</a> and alone survived the accident due to being in stasis as punishment for smuggling an unquarantined cat on board. A <a href="/wiki/Scouser" class="mw-redirect" title="Scouser">Scouser</a> and self-described "bum" who has a good heart but is also very lazy, he has a long-standing desire to return to Earth and start a farm and/or diner on <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a> (which is under three feet of water following a <a href="/wiki/Volcanic_eruption" class="mw-redirect" title="Volcanic eruption">volcanic eruption</a>), but is left impossibly far away by the accident, which renders him the last known surviving member of the human race.<a href="#cite_note-Howarth_&_Lyons_1993_p._19-24-22">[20]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Barrie" title="Chris Barrie">Chris Barrie</a> as <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Rimmer" title="Arnold Rimmer">Arnold Judas Rimmer</a>: A second-class technician on the Red Dwarf who is Lister's bunkmate and direct superior. The second-lowest-ranking member of the original crew, he is responsible for the accident that killed the entire crew except for Lister; although Rimmer himself did not survive, Holly, considering him to be the person most likely to keep Lister sane, selects him to be the ship's one available hologram, recreating Rimmer's appearance and personality as he was before his death.<a href="#cite_note-23">[21]</a> Now the <a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a> leader of the Red Dwarf, he is despised by the rest of the crew due to his fussy, <a href="/wiki/Bureaucracy" title="Bureaucracy">bureaucratic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neuroticism" title="Neuroticism">neurotic</a>, insecure, and cowardly personality, and has a particularly abrasive relationship with Lister. During Series VII, Rimmer leaves the dimension shared by his crewmates to become his swashbuckling dimensional counterpart, Ace Rimmer. However, pre-hologram Rimmer, along with the rest of the original crew, is resurrected by nanobots at the start of Series VIII; after coming face to face with <a href="/wiki/Personifications_of_death" title="Personifications of death">Death</a> at the end of the series, whom he kicks in the groin, he is once again a hologram from Series IX onwards, although the circumstances that led to this are never fully explained.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_John-Jules" title="Danny John-Jules">Danny John-Jules</a> as <a href="/wiki/Cat_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Cat (Red Dwarf)">the Cat</a>: A humanoid creature with cat-like teeth who evolved from the offspring of Lister's smuggled pet cat Frankenstein. The Cat or simply "Cat" (who is never given an actual name) is self-centered and concerned with little other than sleeping, eating, and fawning over his appearance, and tends not to socialise with other members of the crew in early episodes. Over time, he grows closer to his crewmates and becomes a useful part of the crew. Unlike his human companions, he has a "cool" sounding pulse, six nipples, and colour-coordinated internal organs.<a href="#cite_note-24">[22]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lovett" title="Norman Lovett">Norman Lovett</a> (regular series I-II, VIII, The Promised Land; guest series VII, XII) and <a href="/wiki/Hattie_Hayridge" title="Hattie Hayridge">Hattie Hayridge</a> (guest series II; regular series III-V) as <a href="/wiki/Holly_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Holly (Red Dwarf)">Holly</a>: The ship's computer who appears on screens as a floating head and originally has a functional <a href="/wiki/IQ" class="mw-redirect" title="IQ">IQ</a> of 6000 but, as a result of remaining alone without any maintenance during the three million years Lister is in stasis, develops "computer senility". Although Holly is male during the first two series, they become female between series 2 and 3, taking the voice and appearance of Hilly, an alternative version of themselves encountered in the <a href="/wiki/Parallel_Universe_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Parallel Universe (Red Dwarf)">Series II finale</a> and with whom they had fallen in love.<a href="#cite_note-25">[23]</a> Following an unexplained absence in Series VI, male Holly returns in the <a href="/wiki/Nanarchy" title="Nanarchy">Series VII finale</a>. Between Series VIII and IX, Lister's bath overflows and the water gets into Holly's circuitry, causing them to malfunction and go offline. In The Promised Land, the discovery of a backup drive allows the return of male Holly, originally with their memory and IQ rebooted, but eventually back to their usual dysfunctional self.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ross_(actor)" title="David Ross (actor)">David Ross</a> (guest series II) and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Llewellyn" title="Robert Llewellyn">Robert Llewellyn</a> (regular series III–present) as <a href="/wiki/Kryten" title="Kryten">Kryten 2X4B-523P</a>: A <a href="/wiki/Sanitation" title="Sanitation">sanitation</a> <a href="/wiki/Android_(robot)" title="Android (robot)">android</a> rescued by the crew from the crashed spaceship Nova 5 in the <a href="/wiki/Kryten_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Kryten (Red Dwarf)">first episode of series 2</a>, after having spent countless years continuing to serve the ship's crew without realising they had been long dead; bound by his "behavioural protocols", he is taught independent thinking by Lister and leaves the Red Dwarf on a space bike to enjoy his newfound freedom. Between series II and III, he is rescued by the crew after his space bike crashed on an asteroid and has become part of the Red Dwarf crew; however, the accident led to his face appearing permanently different.<a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a> Categorised as a "series 4000 service mechanoid",<a href="#cite_note-27">[25]</a> he keeps on maintaining the Red Dwarf, while also showing himself very resourceful due to his proficiency with technology and encyclopedic knowledge of the universe; he maintains a strong friendship with Lister throughout the series.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Grogan" title="Clare Grogan">Clare Grogan</a> (recurring series I; guest series II, VI) and <a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%AB_Annett" title="Chloë Annett">Chloë Annett</a> (regular series VII-VIII; guest series IX) as <a href="/wiki/Kristine_Kochanski" title="Kristine Kochanski">Kristine Kochanski</a>: A navigation officer in the original Red Dwarf crew whom Lister had a crush on (later <a href="/wiki/Retcon" class="mw-redirect" title="Retcon">retconned</a> to be his ex-girlfriend) and whose memory he had cherished ever since.<a href="#cite_note-Howarth_&_Lyons_1993_p._19-24-22">[20]</a> After appearing in several episodes following her death, once directly due to Lister time travelling and later as various individuals impersonating her, an alternate version of Kochanski from a universe in which she, not Lister, is the last living human, joins the series' main universe and the Red Dwarf crew in the series VII episode "<a href="/wiki/Ouroboros_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Ouroboros (Red Dwarf)">Ouroboros</a>". As part of the crew, she progressively gets closer to Lister, while struggling to overcome her past romantic relationship with her original universe's Lister, and has a conflictual relationship with Kryten, who is jealous of the interest Lister has for her.<a href="#cite_note-Series_VII_review_at_DVD_Active-18">[17]</a> Between series VIII and IX, she is no longer part of the crew, and is believed by Lister to be dead; it is later revealed that she had actually fled the ship when it became clear Lister's complete lack of self-respect and indulgence on excesses was slowly killing him, which greatly depressed her; Kryten, the only one aware of her departure, pretended to have witnessed her death to avoid hurting Lister's feelings even more. After learning the truth, Lister hopes to reunite with her one day.<a href="#cite_note-28">[26]</a> In addition to Grogan and Annett, <a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Rhatigan" title="Suzanne Rhatigan">Suzanne Rhatigan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anastasia_Hille" title="Anastasia Hille">Anastasia Hille</a> portray false versions of Kochanski in episodes of <a href="/wiki/Camille_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Camille (Red Dwarf)">series 4</a> and <a href="/wiki/Back_to_Reality_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Back to Reality (Red Dwarf)">series 5</a> respectively, while <a href="/wiki/Holly_Earl" title="Holly Earl">Holly Earl</a> portrays a younger version of her in <a href="/wiki/Pete_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Pete (Red Dwarf)">an episode of series 8</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Production">edit</a>]</div> The first series aired on <a href="/wiki/BBC2" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC2">BBC2</a> in 1988. <a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">Twelve full series and one miniseries have so far been produced</a>, and a feature length special was released in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-29">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concept_and_commission">Concept and commission</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Concept and commission">edit</a>]</div> The concept for the show was originally developed from the sketch series <a href="#Dave_Hollins:_Space_Cadet">Dave Hollins: Space Cadet</a> on the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> show <a href="/wiki/Son_of_Clich%C3%A9" title="Son of Cliché">Son of Cliché</a> in the mid-1980s, written by Rob Grant and Doug Naylor.<a href="#cite_note-The_Official_Red_Dwarf_Companion,_Red_Dwarf_Genesis-30">[28]</a> Their influences came from films and television programmes including <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series" title="Star Trek: The Original Series">Star Trek</a> (1966), <a href="/wiki/Silent_Running" title="Silent Running">Silent Running</a> (1972), <a href="/wiki/Dark_Star_(film)" title="Dark Star (film)">Dark Star</a> (1974), <a href="/wiki/Alien_(film)" title="Alien (film)">Alien</a> (1979) and <a href="/wiki/The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy" title="The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy">The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy</a> (1981),<a href="#cite_note-screenonline:_Red_Dwarf-16">[15]</a> but also had a large element of British-style comedy and satire thrown into the mix, ultimately moulded into the form of a sitcom. Having written the pilot script in 1983, the former <a href="/wiki/Spitting_Image" title="Spitting Image">Spitting Image</a> writers pitched their unique concept to the BBC, but it was rejected on fears that a science fiction sitcom would not be popular.<a href="#cite_note-The_Official_Red_Dwarf_Companion,_Red_Dwarf_Genesis-30">[28]</a> It was finally accepted by <a href="/wiki/BBC_North" title="BBC North">BBC North</a> in 1986, a result of a spare budget being assigned for a second series of <a href="/wiki/Happy_Families_(1985_TV_series)" title="Happy Families (1985 TV series)">Happy Families</a> that would never arise, and producer <a href="/wiki/Paul_Jackson_(producer)" title="Paul Jackson (producer)">Paul Jackson</a>'s insistence that Red Dwarf should be filmed instead.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_Series_I_Genesis-31">[29]</a> The show was fortunate to be remounted after an <a href="/wiki/Electrician" title="Electrician">electricians</a>' <a href="/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">strike</a> partway through rehearsals in early 1987 shut the entire production down (the title sequence was filmed in January 1987).<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p6-32">[30]</a> The filming was rescheduled for September, and the <a href="/wiki/The_End_(Red_Dwarf)" title="The End (Red Dwarf)">pilot episode</a> finally made it onto television screens on 15 February 1988.<a href="#cite_note-screenonline:_Red_Dwarf-16">[15]</a> Despite the commission of further series, the cast felt like "outsiders" at the BBC. Co-creator <a href="/wiki/Doug_Naylor" title="Doug Naylor">Doug Naylor</a> attributed this to the show being commissioned by <a href="/wiki/BBC_Manchester" title="BBC Manchester">BBC Manchester</a>, but its being filmed at <a href="/wiki/Shepperton_Studios" title="Shepperton Studios">Shepperton Studios</a> near where the cast lived in London. When the show won an <a href="/wiki/International_Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="International Emmy Award">International Emmy Award</a> in <a href="/wiki/22nd_International_Emmy_Awards" title="22nd International Emmy Awards">1994</a>, Naylor's attempts to have the cast invited to a party thrown by the BBC proved futile when they objected to Craig Charles' and Danny John-Jules' inclusion, claiming they were "fire risks".<a href="#cite_note-33">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Casting">Casting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Casting">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Alan_Rickman" title="Alan Rickman">Alan Rickman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Molina" title="Alfred Molina">Alfred Molina</a> auditioned for roles in the series, with Molina being cast as Rimmer.<a href="#cite_note-Interview:_Norman_Lovett-34">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_Series_1_Episode_One:_The_End-35">[33]</a> However, after Molina had difficulties with the concept of the series, and of his role in particular, the role was recast and filled by Chris Barrie, a professional voice actor and impressionist who had previously worked with both the writers on <a href="/wiki/Spitting_Image" title="Spitting Image">Spitting Image</a> and with the producers on Happy Families and <a href="/wiki/Jasper_Carrott" title="Jasper Carrott">Jasper Carrott</a> productions.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_Series_1_Episode_One:_The_End-35">[33]</a> Craig Charles, a Liverpudlian "punk poet", was given the role of Dave Lister. He was approached by the production team for his opinion about the "Cat" character, as they were concerned it may be considered by people as racist.<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p5-36">[34]</a> Charles described "Cat" as "pretty cool" and after reading the script he decided he wanted to audition for the part of Dave Lister.<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p6-32">[30]</a> Laconic <a href="/wiki/Stand-up_comedian" class="mw-redirect" title="Stand-up comedian">stand-up comedian</a> <a href="/wiki/Norman_Lovett" title="Norman Lovett">Norman Lovett</a>, who had originally tried out for the role of Rimmer, was kept in the show as Holly, the senile computer of the titular ship.<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p5-36">[34]</a> A professional dancer and singer, Danny John-Jules, arriving half an hour late for his appointment, stood out as the Cat immediately. This was partly due to his "cool" exterior, dedicated research (reading <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Morris" title="Desmond Morris">Desmond Morris</a>'s book Catwatching), and his showing up in character, wearing his father's 1950s-style <a href="/wiki/Zoot_suit" title="Zoot suit">zoot suit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p5-36">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writing,_producing_and_directing">Writing, producing and directing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Writing, producing and directing">edit</a>]</div> Grant and Naylor wrote the first six series together (using the pseudonym Grant Naylor on the first two novels and later as the name of their production company, although never on the episodes themselves).<a href="#cite_note-Howarth_&_Lyons_1993_p._205-37">[35]</a> Grant left in 1995,<a href="#cite_note-screenonline:_Red_Dwarf-16">[15]</a> to pursue other projects,<a href="#cite_note-Series_VI_Aftermath-38">[36]</a> leaving Naylor to write series VII and VIII with a group of new writers, including <a href="/wiki/Paul_Alexander_(British_writer)" title="Paul Alexander (British writer)">Paul Alexander</a> and actor Robert Llewellyn (who portrayed the character Kryten).<a href="#cite_note-Series_VII_Writing-39">[37]</a> For the most part, <a href="/wiki/Ed_Bye" title="Ed Bye">Ed Bye</a> produced and directed the series. He left before Series V due to a scheduling clash (he ended up directing a show starring his wife, <a href="/wiki/Ruby_Wax" title="Ruby Wax">Ruby Wax</a>) so <a href="/wiki/Juliet_May" title="Juliet May">Juliet May</a> took over as director.<a href="#cite_note-40">[38]</a> May parted ways with the show halfway through the series for personal and professional reasons and Grant and Naylor took over direction of the series, in addition to writing and producing.<a href="#cite_note-Series_V_production-41">[39]</a> Series VI was directed by <a href="/wiki/Andy_De_Emmony" title="Andy De Emmony">Andy De Emmony</a>, and Ed Bye returned to direct series VII and VIII. Series I, II and III were made by Paul Jackson Productions, with subsequent series produced by the writers' own company Grant Naylor Productions for <a href="/wiki/BBC_North" title="BBC North">BBC North</a>. All eight series were broadcast on BBC Two. At the beginning of series IV, production moved from BBC North's <a href="/wiki/New_Broadcasting_House_(Manchester)" class="mw-redirect" title="New Broadcasting House (Manchester)">New Broadcasting House</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> to <a href="/wiki/Shepperton_Studios" title="Shepperton Studios">Shepperton</a>.<a href="#cite_note-42">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theme_song_and_music">Theme song and music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Theme song and music">edit</a>]</div> The opening theme tune, closing theme tune, and incidental music were written and performed by <a href="/wiki/Howard_Goodall" title="Howard Goodall">Howard Goodall</a>, with the vocals on the closing theme tune by <a href="/wiki/Jenna_Russell" title="Jenna Russell">Jenna Russell</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[41]</a> The first two series used a relatively sombre instrumental version of the closing theme for the opening titles; from Series III onwards this switched to a more upbeat version, with Goodall singing on <a href="/wiki/Vocoder" title="Vocoder">vocoder</a>, the line "Red Dwarf" four times in the second half of the song.<a href="#cite_note-44">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a> Goodall also wrote music for the show's various songs, including "<a href="/wiki/Tongue_Tied_(Red_Dwarf_song)" title="Tongue Tied (Red Dwarf song)">Tongue Tied</a>", with lyrics written by Grant and Naylor.<a href="#cite_note-Interview:_Howard_Goodall-52">[50]</a> Danny John-Jules (credited as "The Cat") re-orchestrated and released "Tongue Tied" on 11 October 1993; it reached number 17 on the <a href="/wiki/UK_Singles_Chart" class="mw-redirect" title="UK Singles Chart">UK charts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-everyHit.com-53">[51]</a> Goodall himself sang "The Rimmer Song" heard during the Series VII episode "Blue", to which Chris Barrie mimed.<a href="#cite_note-54">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Remastered">Remastered</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Remastered">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf_Remastered" title="Red Dwarf Remastered">Red Dwarf Remastered</a></div> In 1998, on the tenth anniversary of the show's first airing (and between the broadcast of Series VII and VIII), the first three series of Red Dwarf were <a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf_Remastered" title="Red Dwarf Remastered">remastered</a> and released on <a href="/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a>. The remastering included replacing model shots with computer graphics, cutting certain dialogue and scenes,<a href="#cite_note-Sci-Fi-LondonFilmFestival-55">[53]</a> re-filming Norman Lovett's Holly footage, creating a consistent set of opening titles, replacing music and creating ambient sound effects with a digital master.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_series_I_Remastering-56">[54]</a> The remastered series were released in a four-disc <a href="/wiki/DVD-Video" title="DVD-Video">DVD</a> box set "The Bodysnatcher Collection" in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-The_Bodysnatcher_Collection-57">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hiatus">Hiatus</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Hiatus">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1212047051">.mw-parser-output .release-timeline{padding:.75em 1em;font-size:85%;line-height:.9;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0 1px;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .release-timeline>caption{padding:.4em .4em .2em;font-size:112.5%}.mw-parser-output .release-timeline .rt-subtitle{padding-top:.3em;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .release-timeline td,.mw-parser-output .release-timeline th{border:none;padding:.4em;background:none;font:inherit;color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .release-timeline td{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .release-timeline th{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .release-timeline .rt-first{padding:.4em .4em .2em}.mw-parser-output .release-timeline .rt-next,.mw-parser-output .release-timeline .rt-last{padding:.2em .4em}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .release-timeline{float:right;clear:right;margin:.5em 0 .5em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .rt-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:.5em 1.4em .5em 0}.mw-parser-output .release-timeline caption{white-space:nowrap}}</style><table class="release-timeline wikitable"><caption>Release timeline</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">1988</th><td>Series I and II</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">1989</th><td>Series III</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">1990</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">1991</th><td>Series IV</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">1992</th><td>Series V</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">1993</th><td>Series VI</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">1994</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">1995</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">1996</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">1997</th><td>Series VII</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">1998</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">1999</th><td>Series VIII</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2000</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2001</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2002</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2003</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2004</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2005</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2006</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2007</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2008</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">2009</th><td>Back To Earth</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2010</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2011</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">2012</th><td>Series X</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2013</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2014</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2015</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">2016</th><td>Series XI</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">2017</th><td>Series XII</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2018</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #228B22">2019</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-right:1.4em solid #0BDA51">2020</th><td>The Promised Land</td></tr></tbody></table> Four years elapsed between Series VI and VII, partly due to the dissolving of the <a href="/wiki/Grant_Naylor" title="Grant Naylor">Grant and Naylor</a> partnership, but also due to cast and crew working on other projects.<a href="#cite_note-Series_VI_Aftermath-38">[36]</a> When the series eventually returned, it was <a href="/wiki/Film_look" title="Film look">filmised</a> and no longer shot in front of a live audience, allowing for greater use of four-walled sets, location shooting and <a href="/wiki/Single-camera_setup" title="Single-camera setup">single-camera</a> techniques.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_series_VII_Production-58">[56]</a> When the show returned for its eighth series two years later, however, it had dropped use of the filmising process and returned to using a live audience.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_series_VIII_Production-59">[57]</a> The show received a setback when the BBC rejected proposals for a Series IX. Doug Naylor confirmed in 2007 that the BBC decided not to renew the series, as they preferred to work on other projects.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_rejects_new_'Red_Dwarf'_series-60">[58]</a> A short animated Christmas special was, however, made available to mobile phone subscribers the same year.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_returns_for_new_mobisodes-61">[59]</a> Ultimately, however, fans had to wait a decade before the series finally returned to television. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revival">Revival</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Revival">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Red_Dwarf:_Back_to_Earth">Red Dwarf: Back to Earth</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf: Back to Earth">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_Back_to_Earth" title="Red Dwarf: Back to Earth">Red Dwarf: Back to Earth</a></div> In 2008, a three-episode production was commissioned by the digital channel <a href="/wiki/Dave_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dave (TV channel)">Dave</a>. Red Dwarf: Back to Earth was broadcast over the <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a> weekend of 2009, along with a "making of" documentary.<a href="#cite_note-62">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[61]</a> The episode was set nine years after the events of "<a href="/wiki/Only_the_Good..." title="Only the Good...">Only the Good...</a>" (with the cliffhanger ending of that episode left unresolved, a situation that would continue with Series X). The storyline involves the characters arriving back on Earth, circa 2009, only to find that they are characters in a TV show called "Red Dwarf". Kochanski is supposedly dead and Holly is offline due to water damage caused by Lister leaving a tap running.<a href="#cite_note-The_Kryten_Factor-64">[62]</a> Actress <a href="/wiki/Sophie_Winkleman" title="Sophie Winkleman">Sophie Winkleman</a> played a character called Katerina, a resurrected hologram of a Red Dwarf science officer intent on replacing Rimmer.<a href="#cite_note-65">[63]</a> To achieve a more cinematic atmosphere, Back to Earth was not filmed in front of a studio audience. Some previous Red Dwarf episodes had been shot in that way ("<a href="/wiki/Bodyswap_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Bodyswap (Red Dwarf)">Bodyswap</a>" and all of the seventh series), but Back to Earth represented the first time that a laughter track was not added before broadcast.<a href="#cite_note-66">[64]</a> It was also the first episode of Red Dwarf to be filmed in <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">high definition</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Kryten_Factor-64">[62]</a> The specials were televised over three nights, starting on Friday 10 April 2009. The broadcasts received record ratings for Dave;<a href="#cite_note-BTE_ratings_Guardian-67">[65]</a> the first of the three episodes represented the UK's highest-ever viewing figures for a commissioned programme on a digital network.<a href="#cite_note-BTE_ratings-68">[66]</a> Back to Earth was released on DVD on 15 June 2009,<a href="#cite_note-BTE_DVD_date-69">[67]</a> and on <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a> on 31 August 2009.<a href="#cite_note-BTE_BR_date-70">[68]</a> Back to Earth was subsequently described on the series' official website as "for all intents and purposes, the 'ninth series' of Red Dwarf".<a href="#cite_note-71">[69]</a> This placement was confirmed when Series X was commissioned and branded as the tenth series, although Back to Earth continues not to be referred to as "Series IX" on home media or digital releases. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Red_Dwarf_X">Red Dwarf X</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf X">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf_X" title="Red Dwarf X">Red Dwarf X</a></div> On 10 April 2011, Dave announced that it had commissioned a six-episode series X to be broadcast on Dave in late 2012.<a href="#cite_note-72">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-officialsite-series-x-73">[71]</a> Filming dates for the new series <a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf_X" title="Red Dwarf X">Red Dwarf X</a> were announced on 11 November 2011, along with confirmation that the series would be shot at <a href="/wiki/Shepperton_Studios" title="Shepperton Studios">Shepperton Studios</a> in front of an audience.<a href="#cite_note-74">[72]</a> Principal filming began on 16 December 2011 and ended on 27 January 2012, and the cast and crew subsequently returned for six days filming <a href="/wiki/Pick-up_(filmmaking)" title="Pick-up (filmmaking)">pick-ups</a>.<a href="#cite_note-75">[73]</a> Discounting guest stars, only the core cast of Charles, Barrie, Llewellyn and John-Jules returned for Series X, with Annett and Lovett absent, though the scripts include references to Kochanski and Holly. On 20 July 2012, a 55-second trailer for series X was released on <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, followed by a new "teaser" every Friday.<a href="#cite_note-bom-76">[74]</a> The new series debuted on Thursday 4 October 2012.<a href="#cite_note-77">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Red_Dwarf_XI_and_XII">Red Dwarf XI and XII</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf XI and XII">edit</a>]</div> Following series X, which attracted high viewing figures, Dave, Doug Naylor and the cast showed strong interest in making another series. During the <a href="/wiki/Dimension_Jump_(convention)" title="Dimension Jump (convention)">Dimension Jump</a> fan convention in May 2013, Doug Naylor stated that discussions were ongoing with all involved parties and while arrangements had not been finalised, he hoped shooting could begin in February 2014.<a href="#cite_note-78">[76]</a> In October 2013, Robert Llewellyn posted on his blog, stating that "an eleventh series would happen" and that it would be "sometime in 2014". Llewellyn later removed the post from his blog and Doug Naylor issued a statement on Twitter, saying: "Getting tweets claiming Red Dwarf XI is commissioned. Not true. Not yet."<a href="#cite_note-79">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[78]</a> However, in January 2014, Danny John-Jules stated that the eleventh series of Red Dwarf was in the process of being written.<a href="#cite_note-81">[79]</a> At the April 2014 <a href="/wiki/Scarborough_Festival" title="Scarborough Festival">Sci-Fi Scarborough Festival</a>, during the Red Dwarf cast panel, Danny John-Jules stated that filming of the eleventh series would commence in October 2014, with an expected release of Autumn 2015 on Dave.<a href="#cite_note-82">[80]</a> On 2 May 2015, at the Dimension Jump XVIII convention, Naylor announced that an eleventh and a twelfth series had been commissioned. The two series would be shot back-to-back towards the end of 2015 for broadcast on Dave in 2016 and 2017, respectively,<a href="#cite_note-83">[81]</a> and would be co-produced by <a href="/wiki/Baby_Cow_Productions" title="Baby Cow Productions">Baby Cow Productions</a>, with company CEO, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Normal" title="Henry Normal">Henry Normal</a>, executive-producing the new episodes.<a href="#cite_note-84">[82]</a> Series XI and XII were filmed back-to-back at <a href="/wiki/Pinewood_Studios" title="Pinewood Studios">Pinewood Studios</a> between November 2015 and March 2016.<a href="#cite_note-85">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-btb-86">[84]</a> The eleventh series premiered on UKTV's <a href="/wiki/Video-on-demand" class="mw-redirect" title="Video-on-demand">video-on-demand</a> service <a href="/wiki/UKTV_Play" class="mw-redirect" title="UKTV Play">UKTV Play</a> on 15 September 2016, a week ahead of its broadcast transmission on 22 September. On 8 September 2017, it was announced that Red Dwarf XII would begin broadcasting on Dave on 12 October 2017,<a href="#cite_note-87">[85]</a> and on 15 September 2017 it was further announced that each episode would preview a week earlier via the UKTV Play video on demand service, effectively meaning that series 12 would be starting on 5 October 2017.<a href="#cite_note-88">[86]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Red_Dwarf:_The_Promised_Land">Red Dwarf: The Promised Land</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf: The Promised Land">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_The_Promised_Land" title="Red Dwarf: The Promised Land">Red Dwarf: The Promised Land</a></div> In late May 2019, in a radio interview, Robert Llewellyn stated that a thirteenth series was happening<a href="#cite_note-89">[87]</a> and in June of that year, Danny John-Jules stated that it was expected to be wrapped up by the end of 2019.<a href="#cite_note-90">[88]</a> However, in October 2019, UKTV announced that a 90-minute feature-length special would be produced instead, to be filmed from December 2019 to January 2020,<a href="#cite_note-91">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[90]</a> with location filming scheduled for November.<a href="#cite_note-93">[91]</a> Three 60-minute documentaries were also announced to accompany it, intended to act as a retrospective of all previous 12 series. In January 2020, the first publicity photos of the special were released, with <a href="/wiki/Ray_Fearon" title="Ray Fearon">Ray Fearon</a> revealed as the first confirmed guest actor portraying Rodon, the "leader of the feral cats".<a href="#cite_note-94">[92]</a> In February 2020, the day before the 32nd anniversary of <a href="/wiki/The_End_(Red_Dwarf)" title="The End (Red Dwarf)">when Red Dwarf first aired</a>, a synopsis was given by the official Red Dwarf website: "The special will see the posse meet three cat clerics (<a href="/wiki/Tom_Bennett_(actor)" title="Tom Bennett (actor)">Tom Bennett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mandeep_Dhillon" title="Mandeep Dhillon">Mandeep Dhillon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Pearman" title="Lucy Pearman">Lucy Pearman</a>) who worship Lister as their god. Lister vows to help them as they're being hunted by Rodon, the ruthless feral cat leader (Ray Fearon) who has vowed to wipe out all cats who worship anyone but him." <a href="/wiki/Norman_Lovett" title="Norman Lovett">Norman Lovett</a> officially announced to be returning as Holly following his one-off <a href="/wiki/Skipper_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Skipper (Red Dwarf)">guest spot in Series XII</a>.<a href="#cite_note-95">[93]</a> On 10 March 2020, in an exclusive with <a href="/wiki/Radio_Times" title="Radio Times">Radio Times</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Teaser_campaign#For_films" class="mw-redirect" title="Teaser campaign">teaser trailer</a> was released.<a href="#cite_note-96">[94]</a> A rough release date of sometime in April was given and, a day later on 11 March 2020, the official <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> account for Dave revealed the title of the television film: Red Dwarf: The Promised Land.<a href="#cite_note-97">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Three_Episode_Special">Three Episode Special</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Three Episode Special">edit</a>]</div> While speaking to the <a href="/wiki/British_Comedy_Guide" title="British Comedy Guide">British Comedy Guide</a> in May 2024, Robert Llewellyn confirmed that a three-episode special was due to be filmed in late 2024 with an air date sometime in 2025.<a href="#cite_note-98">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Themes">Themes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Themes">edit</a>]</div> Red Dwarf was founded on the standard sitcom focus of a disparate and frequently dysfunctional group of individuals living together in a restricted setting. With the main characters routinely displaying their cowardice, incompetence and laziness, while exchanging insulting and sarcastic dialogue, the series provided a humorous antidote to the fearless and morally upright space explorers typically found in science-fiction series,<a href="#cite_note-screenonline:_Red_Dwarf-16">[15]</a> with its main characters acting bravely only when there was no other possible alternative. The increasing science-fiction elements of the series were treated seriously by creators Rob Grant and Doug Naylor. Satire, parody and drama were alternately woven into the episodes, referencing other television series, films and books. These have included references to the likes of <a href="/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="2001: A Space Odyssey (film)">2001: A Space Odyssey</a> (1968),<a href="#cite_note-2001:_A_Space_Odyssey_parody-99">[97]</a> <a href="/wiki/Top_Gun" title="Top Gun">Top Gun</a> (1986),<a href="#cite_note-Top_Gun_influences-100">[98]</a> <a href="/wiki/RoboCop" title="RoboCop">RoboCop</a> (1987), <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a> (1977), <a href="/wiki/Citizen_Kane" title="Citizen Kane">Citizen Kane</a> (1942), <a href="/wiki/The_Wild_One" title="The Wild One">The Wild One</a> (1953), <a href="/wiki/High_Noon" title="High Noon">High Noon</a> (1952), <a href="/wiki/Rebel_Without_a_Cause" title="Rebel Without a Cause">Rebel Without a Cause</a> (1955), <a href="/wiki/Casablanca_(film)" title="Casablanca (film)">Casablanca</a> (1942), <a href="/wiki/Easy_Rider" title="Easy Rider">Easy Rider</a> (1969), <a href="/wiki/The_Terminator" title="The Terminator">The Terminator</a> (1984),<a href="#cite_note-GreatDebate-101">[99]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pride_and_Prejudice" title="Pride and Prejudice">Pride and Prejudice</a> (1813), Isaac Asimov's <a href="/wiki/Robot_series" title="Robot series">Robot series</a> (1939–85) and the <a href="/wiki/Four_Horsemen_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse">Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse</a>. The writers based the whole theme of some episodes on the plots of feature films. The series III episode "Polymorph" references and parodies key moments from <a href="/wiki/Alien_(film)" title="Alien (film)">Alien</a> (1979); from series IV, "<a href="/wiki/Camille_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Camille (Red Dwarf)">Camille</a>" echoes key scenes from Casablanca (1942),<a href="#cite_note-GreatDebate-101">[99]</a> while "<a href="/wiki/Meltdown_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Meltdown (Red Dwarf)">Meltdown</a>" borrows the main plot from <a href="/wiki/Westworld_(film)" title="Westworld (film)">Westworld</a> (1973). For series IX, "<a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_Back_to_Earth" title="Red Dwarf: Back to Earth">Back to Earth</a>" was partially inspired by <a href="/wiki/Blade_Runner" title="Blade Runner">Blade Runner</a> (1982).<a href="#cite_note-102">[100]</a> The series' themes are not limited to films or television, having also incorporated historical events and figures.<a href="#cite_note-103">[101]</a> Religion also plays a part in the series, as a significant factor in the ultimate fate of the Cat race, and the perception of Lister as their 'God', both in the episode "<a href="/wiki/Waiting_for_God_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Waiting for God (Red Dwarf)">Waiting for God</a>"<a href="#cite_note-104">[102]</a> (whose title makes a literary reference to the <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" title="Samuel Beckett">Samuel Beckett</a> play <a href="/wiki/Waiting_for_Godot" title="Waiting for Godot">Waiting for Godot</a>), as well as the crew meeting a man whom they believe to be <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a> in series X episode "<a href="/wiki/Lemons_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Lemons (Red Dwarf)">Lemons</a>". The series VII episode "<a href="/wiki/Ouroboros_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Ouroboros (Red Dwarf)">Ouroboros</a>" derives its name and theme from the ancient mythological snake of the <a href="/wiki/Ouroboros" title="Ouroboros">same name</a>. The third episode of series VI, "<a href="/wiki/Gunmen_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Gunmen of the Apocalypse">Gunmen of the Apocalypse</a>", was based on the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. The series explores many science-fiction staples such as time-travel paradoxes (including the <a href="/wiki/Grandfather_paradox" class="mw-redirect" title="Grandfather paradox">grandfather paradox</a>), the question of <a href="/wiki/Determinism" title="Determinism">determinism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Free_will" title="Free will">free will</a> (in several episodes), the pursuit of happiness in virtual reality and, crucially to the show's premise of Lister being the last human, the near-certainty of the human species' <a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">extinction</a> sometime in the far future. <a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_life" title="Extraterrestrial life">Aliens</a> do not feature in the series, as Grant and Naylor decided very early in the process that they did not want aliens involved. This is usually addressed with Rimmer's belief in extraterrestrial life being shot down, as with a vessel he believes to be an alien ship (which turns out to be a garbage pod). However, there are non-human life forms such as evolutions of Earth species (e.g. the cat race), robotic or holo-life forms created by humans, and a "genetically engineered life form" (GELF), an artificially created creature. Simulants and GELFs frequently serve as antagonists during the later series of the show.<a href="#cite_note-105">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hallmarks">Hallmarks</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Hallmarks">edit</a>]</div> The series developed its own distinct vocabulary. Words and phrases such as <a href="/wiki/Hologram" class="mw-redirect" title="Hologram">hologrammatic</a> [<a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a>], dollarpound, bazookoids, <a href="/wiki/Felis_sapiens" class="mw-redirect" title="Felis sapiens">Felis sapiens</a>, Simulants, GELF, space <a href="/wiki/Weevil" title="Weevil">weevil</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Weightlessness" title="Weightlessness">Zero Gee</a> Football appear throughout the series, highlighting a development in language, political climate, technology, evolution and culture in the future.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_Programme_Guide-106">[104]</a> The creators also employed a vocabulary of fictional <a href="/wiki/Expletive_attributive" title="Expletive attributive">expletives</a> to avoid using potentially offensive words in the show and to give nuance to futuristic colloquial language; in particular, "smeg" (and variants such as "smegging", "smegger", and "smeg-head") features prominently, alongside the terms "gimboid", "goit" and "<a href="/wiki/Gareth_Gwenlan" title="Gareth Gwenlan">Gwenlan</a>".<a href="#cite_note-107">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_series_I_Writing-108">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Episodes">Episodes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Episodes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">List of Red Dwarf episodes</a></div> <div style="display:block;overflow-x:auto"><table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;height:1px;display:table"><tbody><tr style="text-align:center"><th scope="col" rowspan="2" style="min-width:50px;padding:0 8px">Series</th><th scope="col" rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="padding:0 8px">Episodes</th><th scope="colgroup" colspan="3">Originally aired</th></tr><tr><th scope="col">First aired</th><th scope="col">Last aired</th><th scope="col" style="padding:0 8px">Network</th></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf_I_(1988)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">I</a></th><td colspan="2">6</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">15 February 1988 (1988-02-15)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">21 March 1988 (1988-03-21)</td><td rowspan="8"><a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a></td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf_II_(1988)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">II</a></th><td colspan="2">6</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">6 September 1988 (1988-09-06)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">11 October 1988 (1988-10-11)</td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf_III_(1989)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">III</a></th><td colspan="2">6</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">14 November 1989 (1989-11-14)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">19 December 1989 (1989-12-19)</td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf_IV_(1991)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">IV</a></th><td colspan="2">6</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">14 February 1991 (1991-02-14)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">21 March 1991 (1991-03-21)</td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf_V_(1992)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">V</a></th><td colspan="2">6</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">20 February 1992 (1992-02-20)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">26 March 1992 (1992-03-26)</td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf_VI_(1993)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">VI</a></th><td colspan="2">6</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">7 October 1993 (1993-10-07)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">11 November 1993 (1993-11-11)</td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf_VII_(1997)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">VII</a></th><td colspan="2">8</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">17 January 1997 (1997-01-17)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">7 March 1997 (1997-03-07)</td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf_VIII_(1999)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">VIII</a></th><td colspan="2">8</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">18 February 1999 (1999-02-18)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">5 April 1999 (1999-04-05)</td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf:_Back_to_Earth_(2009)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">Back to Earth</a></th><td colspan="2">3</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">10 April 2009 (2009-04-10)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">12 April 2009 (2009-04-12)</td><td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Dave_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dave (TV channel)">Dave</a></td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf_X_(2012)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">X</a></th><td colspan="2">6</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">4 October 2012 (2012-10-04)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">8 November 2012 (2012-11-08)</td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf_XI_(2016)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">XI</a></th><td colspan="2">6</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">22 September 2016 (2016-09-22)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">27 October 2016 (2016-10-27)</td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="1" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf_XII_(2017)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">XII</a></th><td colspan="2">6</td><td colspan="1" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">12 October 2017 (2017-10-12)</td><td style="padding:0 8px">16 November 2017</td></tr><tr style="height:100%"><th scope="row" colspan="3" style="height:inherit;padding:0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes#Red_Dwarf:_The_Promised_Land_(2020)" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">The Promised Land</a></th><td colspan="2" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em">9 April 2020 (2020-04-09)</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ratings">Ratings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Ratings">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Red_Dwarf_I">Red Dwarf I</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf I">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Episode no. </th> <th scope="col">Airdate </th> <th scope="col">Viewers (millions) </th> <th scope="col">BBC2 weekly ranking </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>15 February 1988</td> <td>4.75m</td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>22 February 1988</td> <td>N/K</td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>29 February 1988</td> <td>4.25m</td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>7 March 1988</td> <td>3.75m</td> <td>8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>14 March 1988</td> <td>N/K</td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>21 March 1988</td> <td>N/K</td> <td>- </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Red_Dwarf_VIII">Red Dwarf VIII</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf VIII">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Episode no. </th> <th scope="col">Airdate </th> <th scope="col">Viewers </th> <th scope="col">BBC Two weekly ranking </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>18 February 1999</td> <td>8,050,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>25 February 1999</td> <td>7,580,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>4 March 1999</td> <td>6,920,000</td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>11 March 1999</td> <td>5,950,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>18 March 1999</td> <td>6,760,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>25 March 1999</td> <td>6,320,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>1 April 1999</td> <td>4,520,000</td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>5 April 1999</td> <td>4,240,000</td> <td>3 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Back_to_Earth">Back to Earth</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Back to Earth">edit</a>]</div> <table style="text-align:center;" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Episode no. </th> <th scope="col">Air date </th> <th scope="col">Dave viewers </th> <th scope="col">Dave rank </th> <th scope="col">Rank (cable) </th> <th scope="col">Dave ja vu viewers </th> <th scope="col">Total viewers </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td>10 April 2009 </td> <td>2,357,000 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>385,000 </td> <td>2,742,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td>11 April 2009 </td> <td>1,238,000 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>366,000 </td> <td>1,604,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td>12 April 2009 </td> <td>1,197,000 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>245,000 </td> <td>1,442,000 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Red_Dwarf_X_2">Red Dwarf X</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf X">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Episode no. </th> <th scope="col">Airdate </th> <th scope="col">Dave viewers </th> <th scope="col">Dave rank </th> <th scope="col">Rank (cable) </th> <th scope="col">Dave ja vu viewers </th> <th scope="col">Total viewers </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>4 October 2012</td> <td>1,978,000</td> <td>1</td> <td>3</td> <td>113,000</td> <td>2,091,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>11 October 2012</td> <td>1,567,000</td> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> <td>78,000</td> <td>1,645,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>18 October 2012</td> <td>1,519,000</td> <td>1</td> <td>3</td> <td>106,000</td> <td>1,625,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>25 October 2012</td> <td>1,345,000</td> <td>1</td> <td>7</td> <td>119,000</td> <td>1,464,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>1 November 2012</td> <td>1,561,000</td> <td>1</td> <td>4</td> <td>73,000</td> <td>1,634,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>8 November 2012</td> <td>1,400,000</td> <td>1</td> <td>5</td> <td>107,000</td> <td>1,507,000 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Red_Dwarf_XI">Red Dwarf XI</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf XI">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Episode no. </th> <th scope="col">Airdate </th> <th scope="col">7-day viewers </th> <th scope="col">28-day viewers </th> <th scope="col">Dave rank </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>22 September 2016</td> <td>1,456,000</td> <td>1,724,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>29 September 2016</td> <td>1,443,000</td> <td>1,710,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>6 October 2016</td> <td>1,144,000</td> <td>1,310,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>13 October 2016</td> <td>1,096,000</td> <td>1,292,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>20 October 2016</td> <td>1,180,000</td> <td>1,272,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>27 October 2016</td> <td>1,024,000</td> <td>1,158,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Red_Dwarf_XII">Red Dwarf XII</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf XII">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Episode no. </th> <th scope="col">Airdate </th> <th scope="col">7-day viewers </th> <th scope="col">28-day viewers </th> <th scope="col">Dave rank </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>12 October 2017</td> <td>1,200,000</td> <td>1,352,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>19 October 2017</td> <td>1,179,000</td> <td>1,278,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>26 October 2017</td> <td>1,189,000</td> <td>1,286,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>2 November 2017</td> <td>973,000</td> <td>1,077,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>9 November 2017</td> <td>903,000</td> <td>950,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>16 November 2017</td> <td>846,000</td> <td>968,000</td> <td>1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Promised_Land">The Promised Land</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: The Promised Land">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Airdate </th> <th scope="col">Dave viewers </th> <th scope="col">Rank (cable) </th> <th scope="col">Dave ja vu viewers </th> <th scope="col">Total viewers </th></tr> <tr> <td>9 April 2020</td> <td>980,000</td> <td>1</td> <td>636,000</td> <td>1,670,000<a href="#cite_note-109">[107]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception_and_achievements">Reception and achievements</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Reception and achievements">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_reception">Critical reception</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Critical reception">edit</a>]</div> The changes made to the series' cast, setting, creative teams and even production values from series to series have meant that opinions differ greatly between fans and critics as to the quality of each series.<a href="#cite_note-screenonline:_Red_Dwarf-16">[15]</a> In the "Great Red Dwarf Debate," published in Volume 2, Issue 3 of the Red Dwarf Smegazine, science fiction writers Steve Lyons and Joe Nazarro argue about the pros and cons of the early series versus the later series. Lyons states that the show "once had was a unique balance of sci-fi comedy, which worked magnificently." Nazarro agrees that "the first two series are very original and very funny," but goes on to say that "it wasn't until series III that the show hit its stride."<a href="#cite_note-GreatDebate-101">[99]</a> Discussions revolve around the quality of Series VI, seen by one reviewer as just as good as the earlier series',<a href="#cite_note-Series_VI_review_at_Sci-Fi_Weekly-17">[16]</a> but criticised by another reviewer as a descent into formulaic comedy with an unwelcome change of setting.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_VI_review_by_Gavrielle-110">[108]</a> The changes seen in Series VII disappointed some; while much slicker and higher-budget in appearance, the shift away from outright sitcom and into something approaching <a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">comedy drama</a> was seen by one reviewer as a move in the wrong direction.<a href="#cite_note-series_VII_review_at_DVD_Active-111">[109]</a> The attempt to shift back into traditional sitcom format for Series VIII was greeted with a response that was similarly lukewarm.<a href="#cite_note-screenonline:_Red_Dwarf-16">[15]</a> There was criticism aimed at the decision to resurrect the entire crew of Red Dwarf, as it was felt this detracted from the series' central premise of Lister being the last human being alive.<a href="#cite_note-Series_VIII_review_at_Sci-Fi_Weekly-19">[18]</a> There are other critics who feel that Series VII and VIII are no weaker than the earlier series, however,<a href="#cite_note-TV_Reviews_at_SciFi.com-112">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-series_Reviews_at_DVD_Direct-113">[111]</a> and the topic is the subject of constant fervent debate among the show's fanbase.<a href="#cite_note-screenonline:_Red_Dwarf-16">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Achievements">Achievements</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Achievements">edit</a>]</div> Although the pilot episode of the show gathered over four million viewers, viewing figures dipped in successive episodes and the first series had generally poor ratings.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_series_I_Aftermath-114">[112]</a> Through to Series VI, ratings steadily increased and peaked at over six million viewers,<a href="#cite_note-Series_VI_Aftermath-38">[36]</a> achieved with the episode "<a href="/wiki/Gunmen_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Gunmen of the Apocalypse">Gunmen of the Apocalypse</a>."<a href="#cite_note-Gunmen_ratings-115">[113]</a> When the show returned in 1999, it gained the highest audience figures yet; over eight million viewers tuned in for Series VIII's opening episode "<a href="/wiki/Back_in_the_Red:_Part_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Back in the Red: Part I">Back in the Red: Part I</a>".<a href="#cite_note-Back_in_the_Red_part_I_ratings-116">[114]</a> The show has won numerous awards including the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Television_Society" title="Royal Television Society">Royal Television Society Award</a> for special effects, the <a href="/wiki/British_Science_Fiction_Association" title="British Science Fiction Association">British Science Fiction award</a> for Best Dramatic Presentation, as well as an International Emmy Award<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_series_IV_on_DVD-117">[115]</a> for Series VI episode "Gunmen of the Apocalypse", which tied with an <a href="/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous" title="Absolutely Fabulous">Absolutely Fabulous</a> episode, "Hospital," in the Popular Arts category. The show had also been nominated for the International Emmy Award in 1987, 1989 and 1992. Series VI won a British Comedy Award for 'Best BBC Comedy Series.' The video sales have won eight Gold Awards from the British Video Association,<a href="#cite_note-The_Red_Dwarf_Phenomenon-118">[116]</a> and the show still holds the record for being BBC Two's longest-running, highest-rated sitcom.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_VI_on_DVD-119">[117]</a> During 2005 <a href="/wiki/SFX_(magazine)" title="SFX (magazine)">SFX</a> surveyed readers' top 50 British telefantasy shows of all time, and Red Dwarf placed second ahead of <a href="/wiki/The_Hitchhiker%27s_Guide_to_the_Galaxy_(TV_series)" title="The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (TV series)">The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy</a> and behind <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Who" title="Doctor Who">Doctor Who</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[118]</a> In 2007, the series was voted 'Best Sci-Fi Show Of All Time' by the readers of <a href="/wiki/Radio_Times" title="Radio Times">Radio Times</a> magazine. Editor Gill Hudson stated that this result surprised them as 'the series had not given any new episodes this century'.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_voted_'best_sci-fi_show'-121">[119]</a> <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a> listed it in a 2009 roundup of shows they missed in their list of best cult television series.<a href="#cite_note-122">[120]</a> In January 2017, Series XI was voted "Best Returning TV Sitcom" and "Comedy of the Year" for 2016 by readers for the <a href="/wiki/British_Comedy_Guide" title="British Comedy Guide">British Comedy Guide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Comedy_of_the_Year_2016-7">[7]</a> A year later, Red Dwarf was once again voted "Best Returning TV Sitcom" for Series XII, retaining the title from British Comedy Guide.<a href="#cite_note-123">[121]</a> As noted by <a href="/wiki/Collider_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Collider (website)">Collider</a> in 2023, it ranked number four among the top ten British science fiction shows on <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a>.<a href="#cite_note-124">[122]</a> In 2024, it was listed by <a href="/wiki/Den_of_Geek" title="Den of Geek">Den of Geek</a> as among the best British science fiction shows of the 1980s,<a href="#cite_note-125">[123]</a> as well as among the top ten movies and shows inspired by <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a>.<a href="#cite_note-126">[124]</a> It was listed at 90 on <a href="/wiki/Empire_(magazine)" title="Empire (magazine)">Empire</a>'s "The 100 Best TV Shows Of All Time" ranking.<a href="#cite_note-127">[125]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spin-offs_and_merchandise">Spin-offs and merchandise</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Spin-offs and merchandise">edit</a>]</div> The show's logo and characters have appeared on a wide range of merchandise.<a href="#cite_note-Howarth_&_Lyons_1993_p._205-37">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[126]</a> Red Dwarf has also been spun off in a variety of different media formats. For instance, the song "Tongue Tied," featured in the "<a href="/wiki/Parallel_Universe_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Parallel Universe (Red Dwarf)">Parallel Universe</a>" episode of the show, was released in 1993 as a single and became a top 20 UK hit for Danny John-Jules (under the name "The Cat").<a href="#cite_note-everyHit.com-53">[51]</a> Stage plays of the show have been produced by Blak Yak, a theatre group in <a href="/wiki/Perth" title="Perth">Perth</a>, Western Australia, who were given permission by Grant Naylor Productions to mount stage versions of certain episodes in 2002, 2004 and 2006.<a href="#cite_note-Feline_funky_with_the_help_of_James_Brown-129">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-Media_man_as_the_Cat-130">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-TV_hits_come_alive_on_stage-131">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-Recall_for_one_cool_cat-132">[130]</a> In October 2006, an <a href="/wiki/Interactive_film" title="Interactive film">Interactive Quiz DVD</a> entitled Red Dwarf: Beat The Geek was released, hosted by Norman Lovett and Hattie Hayridge, both reprising their roles as Holly.<a href="#cite_note-Beat_The_Geek-133">[131]</a> In 2005, Grant Naylor Productions and Studio Hubris, in conjunction with Across the Pond Comics, collaborated to produce the spin-off <a href="/wiki/Webcomic" title="Webcomic">webcomic</a> Red Dwarf: Prelude to Nanarchy.<a href="#cite_note-134">[132]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Novels">Novels</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Novels">edit</a>]</div> Working together under the name "Grant Naylor", the creators of the series collaboratively wrote two novels. The first, <a href="/wiki/Infinity_Welcomes_Careful_Drivers" class="mw-redirect" title="Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers">Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers</a>, was published in November 1989, and it incorporates plot lines from several episodes of the show's first two series. The second novel, <a href="/wiki/Better_Than_Life" title="Better Than Life">Better Than Life</a>, followed in October 1990, and it is largely based on the second-series episode of the same name. Together, the two novels provide expanded backstory and development of the series' principal characters and themes. The authors began work on a sequel to Better than Life, called The Last Human, but Rob Grant was drawn away from Red Dwarf by an interest in other projects.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Still owing <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Publishing</a> two more Red Dwarf novels, Grant and Naylor decided to each write an alternative sequel to Better than Life. Two completely different sequels were made as a result, each presenting a possible version of the story's continuation. <a href="/wiki/Last_Human" title="Last Human">Last Human</a>, by Doug Naylor, adds Kochanski to the crew and places more emphasis on the science-fiction and plot elements, while Rob Grant's novel <a href="/wiki/Backwards_(novel)" title="Backwards (novel)">Backwards</a>, is more in keeping with the previous two novels, and borrows more extensively from established television stories.<a href="#cite_note-Series_VI_Aftermath-38">[36]</a> An <a href="/wiki/Omnibus_edition" title="Omnibus edition">omnibus edition</a> of the first two novels was released in 1992, including edits to the original text and extra material such as the original pilot script of the TV series.<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p206-135">[133]</a> All four novels have been released in <a href="/wiki/Audiobook" title="Audiobook">audiobook</a> format, the first two read by Chris Barrie,<a href="#cite_note-Amazon.co.uk:_Red_Dwarf_—_Infinity_Welcomes_Careful_Drivers-136">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-Amazon.co.uk:_Red_Dwarf_—_Better_Than_Life-137">[135]</a> Last Human read by Craig Charles,<a href="#cite_note-Amazon.co.uk:_Last_Human-138">[136]</a> and Backwards read by author Rob Grant.<a href="#cite_note-Amazon.co.uk:_Backwards_(Red_Dwarf)-139">[137]</a> In December 2009, Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers was released in Germany with the title Roter Zwerg ("Red Dwarf" in German).<a href="#cite_note-140">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="List_of_Red_Dwarf_novels">List of Red Dwarf novels</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: List of Red Dwarf novels">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:40%; text-align:Center;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="1" width="15%">Title </th> <th rowspan="1" width="20%">Author(s) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_Infinity_Welcomes_Careful_Drivers" title="Red Dwarf: Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers">Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grant_Naylor" title="Grant Naylor">Grant Naylor</a> Productions Co-authored by <a href="/wiki/Rob_Grant" title="Rob Grant">Rob Grant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Doug_Naylor" title="Doug Naylor">Doug Naylor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Better_Than_Life" title="Better Than Life">Better Than Life</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grant_Naylor" title="Grant Naylor">Grant Naylor</a> Productions Co-authored by Rob Grant and Doug Naylor </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Last_Human" title="Last Human">Last Human</a> </td> <td>Doug Naylor </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Backwards_(novel)" title="Backwards (novel)">Backwards</a> </td> <td>Rob Grant </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Home_video_releases">Home video releases</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Home video releases">edit</a>]</div> The first eight series of Red Dwarf were released on VHS, but not in the order of the show as broadcast. Series III was released on home video in 1991, followed by Series II and Series IV in 1992. Series I was released on VHS in 1993; at the time, that series had not been repeated on television since its original broadcast in 1988. Series V was released on video in 1994, followed by Series VI in 1995, Series VII in 1997 and Series VIII in 1999. For the initial release of the VHS editions, episodes of Red Dwarf were separated and two volumes released for each series (except Series VII and VIII, which were released on three separate tapes), labelled 'Byte One' and 'Byte Two' (plus 'Byte Three' for series VII and VIII, although in Australia, Series VII and VIII were released in two volumes each, with four episodes per tape). These videos were named after the first episode of the three presented on the tape, as was typical with other BBC video releases at the time. However, on occasions the BBC decided to ignore the original running order and use the most popular episodes from the show to maximise sales of the videos: for Series III (the first-ever release), "Bodyswap" and "Timeslides" were swapped round, so that the latter could receive top billing on the second VHS volume; for the second VHS volume of Series I, "<a href="/wiki/Confidence_and_Paranoia" title="Confidence and Paranoia">Confidence and Paranoia</a>" was given top billing, even though the original broadcast order was retained; this was due to the leading episode being "Waiting for God" which shared its name with the title of <a href="/wiki/Waiting_for_God_(TV_series)" title="Waiting for God (TV series)">another comedy series</a> (set in a retirement home); and for Series V, "<a href="/wiki/Back_to_Reality_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Back to Reality (Red Dwarf)">Back to Reality</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Quarantine_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Quarantine (Red Dwarf)">Quarantine</a>" were given top billing on their respective video release, which completely re-organised the order of episodes from that in which they were originally broadcast.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_series_V_Aftermath-141">[139]</a> Future releases would increasingly observe authenticity with the 'original broadcast' context, although Byte Two of Red Dwarf VI was titled "Polymorph II: Emohawk" despite the lead-off episode's actual title of "Emowhawk: Polymorph II." Three episodes of Series VII were also released as special "Xtended" [<a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a>] versions with extra scenes (including an original, unbroadcast ending for the episode "Tikka To Ride") and no <a href="/wiki/Laugh_track" title="Laugh track">laugh track</a>;<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_series_VII_Aftermath-142">[140]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf_Remastered" title="Red Dwarf Remastered">remastered</a> versions of Series I–III were also released individually and in a complete box-set.<a href="#cite_note-series_I_Remastered_VHS_at_Amazon.co.uk-143">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-series_III_Remastered_VHS_at_Amazon.co.uk-144">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-series_I-III_Remastered_VHS_Boxset_at_sendit.com-145">[143]</a> Finally, two <a href="/wiki/Blooper" title="Blooper">outtake</a> videos were released, both hosted by Robert Llewellyn in character as Kryten: Smeg Ups in 1994, and its sequel, Smeg Outs, in 1995.<a href="#cite_note-Smeg_Ups-146">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-Smeg_Outs-147">[145]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Release</th> <th>Episodes</th> <th>Year</th> <th>Dist. and Cat. # </th></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf I – Byte One – The End</td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_End_(Red_Dwarf)" title="The End (Red Dwarf)">The End</a> • <a href="/wiki/Future_Echoes" title="Future Echoes">Future Echoes</a> • <a href="/wiki/Balance_of_Power_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Balance of Power (Red Dwarf)">Balance of Power</a></td> <td>1993</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 4914 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf I – Byte Two – Confidence & Paranoia</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Confidence_and_Paranoia" title="Confidence and Paranoia">Confidence and Paranoia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Waiting_for_God_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Waiting for God (Red Dwarf)">Waiting for God</a> • <a href="/wiki/Me%C2%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="Me²">Me²</a></td> <td>1993</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 4915 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf II – Byte One – Kryten</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kryten_(Red_Dwarf_episode)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kryten (Red Dwarf episode)">Kryten</a> • <a href="/wiki/Better_Than_Life_(Red_Dwarf)" class="mw-redirect" title="Better Than Life (Red Dwarf)">Better Than Life</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thanks_for_the_Memory_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Thanks for the Memory (Red Dwarf)">Thanks for the Memory</a></td> <td>1992</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 5969 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 4749 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf II – Byte Two – Stasis Leak</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stasis_Leak" title="Stasis Leak">Stasis Leak</a> • <a href="/wiki/Queeg_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Queeg (Red Dwarf)">Queeg</a> • <a href="/wiki/Parallel_Universe_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Parallel Universe (Red Dwarf)">Parallel Universe</a></td> <td>1992</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 5970 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 4750 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf III – Byte One – Backwards</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Backwards_(Red_Dwarf_episode)" class="mw-redirect" title="Backwards (Red Dwarf episode)">Backwards</a> • <a href="/wiki/Marooned_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Marooned (Red Dwarf)">Marooned</a> • <a href="/wiki/Polymorph_(Red_Dwarf_episode)" class="mw-redirect" title="Polymorph (Red Dwarf episode)">Polymorph</a></td> <td>1991</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 5876 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 4695 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf III – Byte Two – Timeslides</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Timeslides" title="Timeslides">Timeslides</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bodyswap_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Bodyswap (Red Dwarf)">Body Swap</a> • <a href="/wiki/The_Last_Day_(Red_Dwarf)" title="The Last Day (Red Dwarf)">The Last Day</a></td> <td>1991</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 5877 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 4707 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf IV – Byte One – Camille</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Camille_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Camille (Red Dwarf)">Camille</a> • <a href="/wiki/DNA_(Red_Dwarf)" title="DNA (Red Dwarf)">DNA</a> • <a href="/wiki/Justice_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Justice (Red Dwarf)">Justice</a></td> <td>1992</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 5874 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 4847 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf IV – Byte Two – Dimension Jump</td> <td><a href="/wiki/White_Hole_(Red_Dwarf)" title="White Hole (Red Dwarf)">White Hole</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dimension_Jump_(Red_Dwarf_episode)" title="Dimension Jump (Red Dwarf episode)">Dimension Jump</a> • <a href="/wiki/Meltdown_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Meltdown (Red Dwarf)">Meltdown</a></td> <td>1992</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 5875 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 4848 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf V – Byte One – Back To Reality</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Back_to_Reality_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Back to Reality (Red Dwarf)">Back To Reality</a> • <a href="/wiki/Demons_%26_Angels" title="Demons & Angels">Demons & Angels</a> • <a href="/wiki/Holoship" title="Holoship">Holoship</a></td> <td>1994</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 8262 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 5197 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf V – Byte Two – Quarantine</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quarantine_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Quarantine (Red Dwarf)">Quarantine</a> • <a href="/wiki/The_Inquisitor_(Red_Dwarf)" title="The Inquisitor (Red Dwarf)">The Inquisitor</a> • <a href="/wiki/Terrorform" title="Terrorform">Terrorform</a></td> <td>1994</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 8263 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 5212 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf VI – Byte One – Gunmen of the Apocalypse</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Psirens" title="Psirens">Psirens</a> • <a href="/wiki/Legion_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Legion (Red Dwarf)">Legion</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gunmen_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Gunmen of the Apocalypse">Gunmen of the Apocalypse</a></td> <td>1995</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 3196 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 5580 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf VI – Byte Two – Polymorph II – Emohawk</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emohawk:_Polymorph_II" title="Emohawk: Polymorph II">Polymorph II – Emohawk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rimmerworld" title="Rimmerworld">Rimmerworld</a> • <a href="/wiki/Out_of_Time_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Out of Time (Red Dwarf)">Out of Time</a></td> <td>1995</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 3376 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 5594 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf VII – Byte One</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tikka_to_Ride" title="Tikka to Ride">Tikka to Ride</a> • <a href="/wiki/Stoke_Me_a_Clipper" title="Stoke Me a Clipper">Stoke Me a Clipper</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ouroboros_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Ouroboros (Red Dwarf)">Ouroboros</a></td> <td>1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 6452 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 6789 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf VII – Byte Two</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duct_Soup" title="Duct Soup">Duct Soup</a> • <a href="/wiki/Blue_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Blue (Red Dwarf)">Blue</a> • <a href="/wiki/Beyond_a_Joke_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Beyond a Joke (Red Dwarf)">Beyond a Joke</a></td> <td>1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 6790 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf VII – Byte Three</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epideme" title="Epideme">Epideme</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nanarchy" title="Nanarchy">Nanarchy</a></td> <td>1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 6791 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf VII – Xtended</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tikka_to_Ride" title="Tikka to Ride">Tikka to Ride</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ouroboros_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Ouroboros (Red Dwarf)">Ouroboros</a> • <a href="/wiki/Duct_Soup" title="Duct Soup">Duct Soup</a> • Smeg Ups</td> <td>UK 1997</td> <td><a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 6285 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf VIII – Byte One – Back in the Red</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Back_in_the_Red" title="Back in the Red">Back in the Red parts 1, 2 & 3</a></td> <td>1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 14608 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 6842 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf VIII – Byte Two – Cassandra</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassandra_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Cassandra (Red Dwarf)">Cassandra</a> • <a href="/wiki/Krytie_TV" title="Krytie TV">Krytie TV</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pete:_Part_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Pete: Part I">Pete: Part I</a></td> <td>1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 14609 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 6843 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf VIII – Byte Three – Pete, Part 2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pete_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Pete (Red Dwarf)">Pete, Part 2</a> • <a href="/wiki/Only_the_Good..." title="Only the Good...">Only the Good...</a></td> <td>U.K. 1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 14626 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf – Smeg Ups</td> <td>The outtakes from Series IV, V & VI</td> <td>1994</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 8375 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 5406 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Red Dwarf – Smeg Outs</td> <td>The outtakes from Series I, II & III</td> <td>U.K. 1995</td> <td><a href="/wiki/CBS/Fox_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS/Fox Video">CBS/Fox</a> 8475 <a href="/wiki/BBC_Video" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Video">BBCV</a> 5693 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="DVD_releases">DVD releases</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: DVD releases">edit</a>]</div> The first eight series have been released on DVD in Regions 1, 2 and 4, each with a bonus disc of extra material. Each release from Series III onwards also features an original documentary about the making of each respective series.<a href="#cite_note-series_III_DVD_review_at_Sci-Fi.com-148">[146]</a> Regions 2 and 4 have also seen the release of two Just the Shows, digipack box sets containing the episodes from Series I–IV (Volume 1) and V–VIII (Volume 2) with static menus and no extras.<a href="#cite_note-Just_the_shows_Vol.I-149">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-Just_the_shows_Vol.II-150">[148]</a> Red Dwarf: The Bodysnatcher Collection, containing the 1998 remastered episodes, as well as new documentaries for series I and II, was released in 2007. This release showcased a storyboard construction of "Bodysnatcher", an unfinished script from 1987, which was finally completed in 2007 by Rob Grant and Doug Naylor who were working together for the first time since 1993.<a href="#cite_note-The_Bodysnatcher_Collection-57">[55]</a> In December 2008 an anniversary DVD set entitled Red Dwarf: All the Shows was released, reworking the vanilla disc content of the two Just the Shows sets within A4 packaging resembling a photo album, which omitted information that no extras were included. This box set was re-released in a smaller slipcase-sized box, reverting to the Just the Shows title, in November 2009. The show is also available for download on <a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a>. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" width="25%">Release </th> <th rowspan="2" width="5%"># of discs </th> <th colspan="3">DVD release date </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/DVD_region_code#1" title="DVD region code">Region 1</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/DVD_region_code#2" title="DVD region code">Region 2</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/DVD_region_code#4" title="DVD region code">Region 4</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Series I </td> <td>2 </td> <td>25 February 2003 </td> <td>4 November 2002 </td> <td>3 December 2002 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series II </td> <td>2 </td> <td>25 February 2003 </td> <td>10 February 2003 </td> <td>1 April 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series III </td> <td>2 </td> <td>3 February 2004 </td> <td>3 November 2003 </td> <td>18 November 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series IV </td> <td>2 </td> <td>3 February 2004 </td> <td>16 February 2004 </td> <td>9 March 2004 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Just the Shows Vol. 1 Series 1–4 with no extras </td> <td>4 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>18 October 2004 </td> <td>12 November 2004 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series V </td> <td>2 </td> <td>15 March 2005 </td> <td>8 November 2004 </td> <td>1 December 2004 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series VI </td> <td>2 </td> <td>15 March 2005 </td> <td>21 February 2005 </td> <td>6 April 2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series VII </td> <td>3 </td> <td>10 January 2006 </td> <td>7 November 2005 </td> <td>1 December 2005 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series VIII </td> <td>3 </td> <td>2 May 2006 </td> <td>27 March 2006 </td> <td>20 April 2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td>The Complete Collection Series 1–8 with extras </td> <td>18 </td> <td>5 September 2006 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td>Just the Shows Vol. 2 Series 5–8 with no extras </td> <td>6 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>2 October 2006 </td> <td>3 November 2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Beat the Geek (Interactive DVD quiz game) </td> <td>1 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>23 October 2006 </td> <td>3 March 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td>The Bodysnatcher Collection The <a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf_Remastered" title="Red Dwarf Remastered">remastered versions</a> of series 1–3 </td> <td>4 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>12 November 2007 </td> <td>7 May 2008 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Just the Smegs DVD re-issue of the VHS release Smeg Ups and Smeg Outs </td> <td>1 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>19 November 2007 </td> <td>3 March 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td>All the Shows Series 1–8 with no extras </td> <td>10 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>10 November 2008 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td>Back to Earth </td> <td>2 </td> <td>6 October 2009 </td> <td>15 June 2009 </td> <td>17 December 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Just the Shows Series 1–8 with no extras </td> <td>10 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>9 November 2009 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td>The Complete Collection Series 1–3 (Remastered), series 4–8, Just the Smegs and Back to Earth – The Director's Cut </td> <td>19 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>4 August 2010 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series X </td> <td>2 </td> <td>8 January 2013<a href="#cite_note-151">[149]</a> </td> <td>19 November 2012<a href="#cite_note-152">[150]</a> </td> <td>12 December 2012<a href="#cite_note-153">[151]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series XI </td> <td>2 </td> <td>8 November 2016 </td> <td>14 November 2016 </td> <td>8 March 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series XII </td> <td>2 </td> <td>21 November 2017 </td> <td>20 November 2017 </td> <td>18 February 2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td>The Promised Land </td> <td>1 </td> <td>15 September 2020 </td> <td>1 June 2020 </td> <td>TBA </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Blu-ray_releases">Blu-ray releases</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Blu-ray releases">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" width="25%">Release </th> <th rowspan="2" width="5%"># of discs </th> <th colspan="2">Blu-ray release date </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Blu-ray#A" title="Blu-ray">Region A</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Blu-ray#B" title="Blu-ray">Region B</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Series I–VIII With The Bodysnatcher Collection </td> <td>19 </td> <td>2 August 2019<a href="#endnote_Alpha">a</a> </td> <td>14 January 2019<a href="#endnote_Beta">b</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Back to Earth </td> <td>2 </td> <td>6 October 2009 </td> <td>31 August 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series X </td> <td>2 </td> <td>8 January 2013<a href="#cite_note-154">[152]</a> </td> <td>19 November 2012<a href="#cite_note-155">[153]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series XI </td> <td>2 </td> <td>8 November 2016 </td> <td>14 November 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Series XII </td> <td>2 </td> <td>21 November 2017 </td> <td>20 November 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td>The Promised Land </td> <td>1 </td> <td>15 September 2020 </td> <td>1 June 2020 </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><a href="#ref_Alpha">^a</a> Only in Japan<a href="#cite_note-156">[154]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_Beta">^b</a> Only in the United Kingdom<a href="#cite_note-157">[155]</a> In 2016, BBC Worldwide began creating an '<a href="/wiki/Video_scaler" title="Video scaler">up-resed</a>' version of the first five series for release on Blu-ray, due to demand from Japan.<a href="#cite_note-158">[156]</a> When asked about the project in 2017, Naylor confirmed he had stopped it due to lackluster picture quality.<a href="#cite_note-159">[157]</a> By 2018, the project, now encompassing the entire original run, had been restarted,<a href="#cite_note-160">[158]</a> and a Series 1–8 Blu-ray set release was confirmed in August.<a href="#cite_note-161">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Magazine">Magazine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Magazine">edit</a>]</div> The Red Dwarf Magazine—the magazine part of the title changed to "Smegazine" from Issue 3— was launched in 1992 by <a href="/wiki/Fleetway_Publications" title="Fleetway Publications">Fleetway Editions</a>. It ran for 23 issues, Volume 1 from Issues 1 through 14 and Volume 2 from Issues 1 - 9. It comprised a mix of news, reviews, interviews, comic strips, and competitions. The comic strips featured episode adaptations and original material, including further stories of popular characters like Mr. Flibble, the Polymorph and Ace Rimmer. Notably, the comic strip stories' holographic characters, predominately Rimmer, were drawn in <a href="/wiki/Grayscale" title="Grayscale">greyscale</a>. This was at the request of Grant and Naylor, who had wanted to but, for financial reason, were unable to use the technique for the television series (Rimmer did appear in greyscale in "low power mode" in "The Promised Land").<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p217-162">[160]</a> Despite achieving circulation figures of over 40,000 per month,<a href="#cite_note-Prog_Guide_p217-162">[160]</a> the magazine's publisher decided to close the title down to concentrate on their other publications.<a href="#cite_note-Series_VI_Aftermath-38">[36]</a> A farewell issue was published in January 1994, featuring remaining interviews, features, and comic strips that had been planned for the following issues.<a href="#cite_note-last_Smeg-163">[161]</a> The Official Red Dwarf Fan Club produces a periodical magazine for members titled Back to Reality. The previous volume of this magazine, dating back to the 1990s, was known as Better Than Life.<a href="#cite_note-164">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S._version">U.S. version</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: U.S. version">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_dwarf_usa_9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/93/Red_dwarf_usa_9.jpg/220px-Red_dwarf_usa_9.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/93/Red_dwarf_usa_9.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="182" /></a><figcaption>Cast of second Red Dwarf USA pilot</figcaption></figure> Despite the original version having been broadcast on <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>, a pilot episode for an American version (known as Red Dwarf USA) was produced through <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Studios</a> with the intention of broadcasting on <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> in 1992.<a href="#cite_note-165">[163]</a> The show essentially followed the same story as the <a href="/wiki/The_End_(Red_Dwarf)" title="The End (Red Dwarf)">first episode</a> of the original series, using American actors for most of the main roles:<a href="#cite_note-166">[164]</a> <a href="/wiki/Craig_Bierko" title="Craig Bierko">Craig Bierko</a> as Lister, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Eigeman" title="Chris Eigeman">Chris Eigeman</a> as Rimmer and <a href="/wiki/Hinton_Battle" title="Hinton Battle">Hinton Battle</a> as Cat. Exceptions to this were Llewellyn, who reprised his role as Kryten, and the British actress <a href="/wiki/Jane_Leeves" title="Jane Leeves">Jane Leeves</a>, who played Holly. It was written by <a href="/wiki/Linwood_Boomer" title="Linwood Boomer">Linwood Boomer</a> and directed by <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Melman" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeffrey Melman">Jeffrey Melman</a>, with Grant and Naylor on board as creators and executive producers.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_USA-167">[165]</a> Llewellyn, Grant and Naylor travelled to America for the filming of the American pilot after production of the fifth series of the UK version. According to Llewellyn and Naylor, the cast were not satisfied with Linwood Boomer's script. Grant and Naylor rewrote the script, but although the cast preferred the re-write, the script as filmed was closer to Boomer's version. The pilot episode includes footage from the UK version in its title sequence, although it did not retain the logo or the theme music of the UK version. During filming of the pilot, the audience reaction was good and it was felt that the story had been well received.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_USA-167">[165]</a> The studio executives were not entirely happy with the pilot, especially the casting, but decided to give the project another chance with Grant and Naylor in charge.<a href="#cite_note-168">[166]</a> The intention was to shoot a "promo video" for the show in a small studio described by the writers as "a garage".<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_USA-167">[165]</a> New cast members were hired for the roles of Cat (now depicted as female) and Rimmer,<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_USA-167">[165]</a> <a href="/wiki/Terry_Farrell_(actress)" title="Terry Farrell (actress)">Terry Farrell</a> and Anthony Fusco, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-Resume-169">[167]</a> This meant that, unlike the original British show, the cast were all Caucasian, which Charles referred to as "White Dwarf".<a href="#cite_note-170">[168]</a> Chris Barrie was asked to play Rimmer in the second pilot, but he declined. With a small budget and deadline, new scenes were quickly shot and mixed in with existing footage of the pilot and UK Series V episodes, to give an idea of the basic plot and character dynamics, alongside proposed future episodes, remakes of episodes from the original show.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_USA-167">[165]</a> Llewellyn did not participate in the re-shoot, though clips from the British version were used to show the character. Despite the re-shoots and re-casting, the option on the pilot was not picked up.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_USA-167">[165]</a> The cast of both the British and American versions criticised the casting of Red Dwarf USA, particularly the part of Lister, who is portrayed in the British version as a likeable slob, but in the U.S. version as somewhat clean-cut. In the 2004 documentary Dwarfing USA, Danny John-Jules said the only actor who could have successfully portrayed an American Lister was <a href="/wiki/John_Belushi" title="John Belushi">John Belushi</a>. In a 2009 interview on <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Pollak%27s_Chat_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevin Pollak's Chat Show">Kevin Pollak's Chat Show</a>, Bierko said that it was a "huge mistake" for him to play Lister, and also said that a "John Belushi-type" would have been better suited to the role.<a href="#cite_note-171">[169]</a> The American pilot has been heavily bootlegged, but it has never been broadcast on TV in any country. Excerpts from the first pilot are included in Dwarfing USA, a featurette on the making of the pilots included on the DVD release of Red Dwarf's fifth series. Because of rights-clearance issues, no footage from the second pilot is included in the featurette. <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Character</th> <th>UK series</th> <th>1st US pilot</th> <th>2nd US pilot </th></tr> <tr> <td>Dave Lister</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Craig_Charles" title="Craig Charles">Craig Charles</a></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Craig_Bierko" title="Craig Bierko">Craig Bierko</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Arnold Rimmer</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chris_Barrie" title="Chris Barrie">Chris Barrie</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chris_Eigeman" title="Chris Eigeman">Chris Eigeman</a></td> <td>Anthony Fusco </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cat</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Danny_John-Jules" title="Danny John-Jules">Danny John-Jules</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hinton_Battle" title="Hinton Battle">Hinton Battle</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Terry_Farrell_(actress)" title="Terry Farrell (actress)">Terry Farrell</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kryten</td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Ross_(actor)" title="David Ross (actor)">David Ross</a> (series 2) <a href="/wiki/Robert_Llewellyn" title="Robert Llewellyn">Robert Llewellyn</a> (series 3–)</td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Robert Llewellyn </td></tr> <tr> <td>Holly</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lovett" title="Norman Lovett">Norman Lovett</a> (series 1–2, 7–8, 12–13) <a href="/wiki/Hattie_Hayridge" title="Hattie Hayridge">Hattie Hayridge</a> (series 3–5)</td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Leeves" title="Jane Leeves">Jane Leeves</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Red_Dwarf:_The_Movie">Red Dwarf: The Movie</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf: The Movie">edit</a>]</div> Since the beginning of the seventh series in 1997, Doug Naylor had been attempting to make a feature-length version of the show.<a href="#cite_note-172">[170]</a> A final draft of the script was written by Naylor, and <a href="/wiki/Flyer_(pamphlet)" title="Flyer (pamphlet)">flyers</a> began circulating around certain websites. The flyer had been created by Winchester Films in order to market the film overseas.<a href="#cite_note-Making_The_Movie-173">[171]</a> Plot details were included as part of a teaser. The movie was set in the distant future in which Homo sapienoids— a race of cyborgs— had taken over the solar system and were wiping out the human race. Spaceships that tried to escape Earth were hunted down "until only one remained... Red Dwarf". Naylor scouted Australia to get an idea of locations and finance costs. Pre-production began in 2004 and filming was planned for 2005.<a href="#cite_note-TheMovie-174">[172]</a> Costumes were made, including Kryten's, and A-list celebrity cameos, including <a href="/wiki/Madonna" title="Madonna">Madonna</a>, were rumoured.<a href="#cite_note-175">[173]</a> However, the team struggled to find sufficient funding. Naylor explained at a Red Dwarf <a href="/wiki/Dimension_Jump_(convention)" title="Dimension Jump (convention)">Dimension Jump convention</a> that the film had been rejected by the BBC and the <a href="/wiki/UK_Film_Council" title="UK Film Council">British Film Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TheMovie-174">[172]</a> In 2012, material from early drafts of the film was incorporated into the Series X finale "<a href="/wiki/The_Beginning_(Red_Dwarf)" title="The Beginning (Red Dwarf)">The Beginning</a>".<a href="#cite_note-176">[174]</a> In 2018, Naylor suggested production of the movie was still under consideration, explaining: "The order will probably be another TV series, a stage show and possibly a movie, and I think the guys agree on that. The film is a long shot at this point just because it can take so long to get funding."<a href="#cite_note-177">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-178">[176]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Role-playing_game">Role-playing game</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Role-playing game">edit</a>]</div> Deep7 Press (formerly Deep7 LLC) released Red Dwarf – The Roleplaying Game in February 2003 (the printed copyright is 2002).<a href="#cite_note-Deep7-179">[177]</a> Based on the series, the game allows its players to portray original characters within the Red Dwarf universe. Player characters can be human survivors, holograms, "evolved" house pets (cats, dogs, iguanas, rabbits, rats and mice), various types of mechanoid (Series 4000, Hudzen 10 and Waxdroids in the corebook, Series 3000 in the Extra Bits Book) or GELFs (Kinatawowi and Pleasure GELF in the corebook, "Vindaloovians" in the Extra Bits Book). A total of three products were released for the game: the core 176-page rulebook, the AI Screen (analogous to the Game Master's Screen used in other <a href="/wiki/Role-playing_game" title="Role-playing game">role-playing games</a>, also featuring the "Extra Bits Book" booklet) and the Series Sourcebook.<a href="#cite_note-GameWyrd-180">[178]</a> The Series Sourcebook contains plot summaries of each episode from series I to VIII as well as game rules for all major and minor characters from each series. The game has been praised for staying true to the comedic nature of the TV show, for its entertaining writing and for the detail to which the background material is explained.<a href="#cite_note-GameWyrd-180">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-SciFiRPGReview-181">[179]</a> However, some reviewers found the game mechanics to be simplistic and uninspiring compared to other science-fiction role-playing games on the market.<a href="#cite_note-RealmsRPGReview-182">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video_games">Video games</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Video games">edit</a>]</div> On June 23, 2003 a shooting game called Simulant's Revenge was released by Blue Beck for <a href="/wiki/J2ME" class="mw-redirect" title="J2ME">J2ME</a> powered <a href="/wiki/Mobile_phones" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile phones">mobile phones</a>.<a href="#cite_note-183">[181]</a> In promotion of the upcoming release of Series XI, a <a href="/wiki/Mobile_game" title="Mobile game">mobile game</a> titled Red Dwarf XI - The Game was released to coincide with the release of "<a href="/wiki/Twentica" title="Twentica">Twentica</a>" on 22 September 2016. Developed by GameDigits, it was intended to release episodically with new releases being based on all the episodes of XI.<a href="#cite_note-184">[182]</a> However, it ceased development following the end of its adaptation of <a href="/wiki/Officer_Rimmer" title="Officer Rimmer">Officer Rimmer</a> to instead focus on developing Red Dwarf XII - The Game,<a href="#cite_note-185">[183]</a> which dropped the episodic format and instead featured minigames such as running through the corridors of spaceships featured in XII, similar to <a href="/wiki/Temple_Run" title="Temple Run">Temple Run</a>, and free-roaming space on board Starbug. Fan reception to the games were mixed and, by late 2019, both games were no longer available to download from <a href="/wiki/Google_Play" title="Google Play">Google Play</a>; however, Red Dwarf XII - The Game can still be downloaded from Amazon App Store, as well as Google Play when linked to via the URL.<a href="#cite_note-186">[184]</a> Red Dwarf was featured as a hidden area in the <a href="/wiki/Lego" title="Lego">Lego</a> video game, <a href="/wiki/Lego_Dimensions" title="Lego Dimensions">Lego Dimensions</a>. The area was featured in the game's <a href="/wiki/Fantastic_Beasts_and_Where_to_Find_Them_(film)" title="Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (film)">Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them</a> expansion pack released on 18 November 2016, where the player was able to explore a small section of the titular ship including the sleeping quarters. References to the most recent series of the show were also included such as Snacky from <a href="/wiki/Give_%26_Take_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Give & Take (Red Dwarf)">Give & Take</a> making a non-speaking appearance and the bio-printer from Officer Rimmer being an interactable object.<a href="#cite_note-187">[185]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Red_Dwarf_Night">Red Dwarf Night</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf Night">edit</a>]</div> On 14 February 1998, the night before the tenth anniversary of the show's first episode broadcast, <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a> devoted an evening of programmes to the series, under the banner of Red Dwarf Night. The evening consisted of a mixture of new and existing material, and it was introduced and linked by actor and fan <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Stewart" title="Patrick Stewart">Patrick Stewart</a>. In addition, a series of special take-offs on BBC Two's <a href="/wiki/Station_identification" title="Station identification">idents</a>, featuring the "2" logo falling in love with a <a href="/wiki/Skutter" class="mw-redirect" title="Skutter">skutter</a>, were used.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_Series_VII_Aftermath-188">[186]</a> The night began with Can't Smeg, Won't Smeg, a spoof of the cookery programme <a href="/wiki/Can%27t_Cook,_Won%27t_Cook" title="Can't Cook, Won't Cook">Can't Cook, Won't Cook</a>, presented by that show's host <a href="/wiki/Ainsley_Harriott" title="Ainsley Harriott">Ainsley Harriott</a>, who had himself appeared as a GELF in the Series VI episode "<a href="/wiki/Emohawk:_Polymorph_II" title="Emohawk: Polymorph II">Emohawk: Polymorph II</a>". Taking place outside the continuity of the show, two teams (Kryten and Lister versus Rimmer and Cat, although Cat quickly departs to be replaced by alter ego <a href="/wiki/Duane_Dibbley" class="mw-redirect" title="Duane Dibbley">Duane Dibbley</a>) were challenged to make the best chicken <a href="/wiki/Vindaloo" title="Vindaloo">vindaloo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_Series_VII_Aftermath-188">[186]</a> After a compilation <a href="/wiki/Bloopers" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloopers">bloopers</a> show, featuring out-takes, the next programme was Universe Challenge, a spoof of <a href="/wiki/University_Challenge" title="University Challenge">University Challenge</a>. Hosted by original University Challenge presenter <a href="/wiki/Bamber_Gascoigne" title="Bamber Gascoigne">Bamber Gascoigne</a>, the show had a team of knowledgeable Dwarf fans compete against a team consisting of Chris Barrie, Craig Charles, Robert Llewellyn, Chloë Annett and Danny John-Jules.<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_Series_VII_Aftermath-188">[186]</a> This was followed by The Red Dwarf A–Z, a half-hour documentary that chose a different aspect of the show to focus on for each letter of the alphabet. Talking heads on the episode included <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hawking" title="Stephen Hawking">Stephen Hawking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terry_Pratchett" title="Terry Pratchett">Terry Pratchett</a>, original producer <a href="/wiki/Paul_Jackson_(producer)" title="Paul Jackson (producer)">Paul Jackson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mr_Blobby" title="Mr Blobby">Mr Blobby</a>, Patrick Stewart and a <a href="/wiki/Dalek" title="Dalek">Dalek</a>.<a href="#cite_note-189">[187]</a> Finally, the night ended with a showing of the episode "Gunmen of the Apocalypse".<a href="#cite_note-Red_Dwarf_Series_VII_Aftermath-188">[186]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="YouTube_Geek_Week">YouTube Geek Week</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: YouTube Geek Week">edit</a>]</div> In August 2013, <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> held a campaign to promote user-generated content concerning science fiction, comics, gaming and science.<a href="#cite_note-190">[188]</a> Robert Llewellyn in-character as Kryten hosted the event's daily videos, making references to Lister, Rimmer and the Cat whilst presenting featured uploads.<a href="#cite_note-191">[189]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stellar_Rescue">Stellar Rescue</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Stellar Rescue">edit</a>]</div> On 1 July 2019, an advert for the <a href="/wiki/AA_plc" class="mw-redirect" title="AA plc">AA</a> called "Stellar Rescue" featuring the core Red Dwarf crew premiered on <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="ITV (TV channel)">ITV</a>.<a href="#cite_note-192">[190]</a> The advert has Starbug break down on an inhospitable planet with Lister using the AA app to call a mechanic and successfully escape.<a href="#cite_note-193">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-194">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-195">[193]</a> On 2 March 2020, a second advert called "Stellar Rescue - Smart Breakdown" was uploaded to the AA official YouTube channel featuring Starbug stranded without power on an ice planet but with Lister again calling a mechanic and saving the day.<a href="#cite_note-196">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[195]</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[196]</a> An alternate 30-second one accompanied it, with this one serving as the broadcast version. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Red_Dwarf:_The_First_Three_Million_Years">Red Dwarf: The First Three Million Years</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf: The First Three Million Years">edit</a>]</div> In August 2020, a three-part documentary series entitled The First Three Million Years aired on <a href="/wiki/Dave_(TV_Channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dave (TV Channel)">Dave</a> and narrated by <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Who" title="Doctor Who">Doctor Who</a> actor <a href="/wiki/David_Tennant" title="David Tennant">David Tennant</a>. The retrospective contained deleted scenes, behind-the-scenes footage and new interviews, as the cast and crew reflecting upon 30 years of the show. A conversation between the four key cast members was filmed on the set of "The Promised Land", as the actors shared memories and anecdotes from their decades of working together<a href="#cite_note-199">[197]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Red_Dwarf:_Into_The_Gloop">Red Dwarf: Into The Gloop</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Red Dwarf: Into The Gloop">edit</a>]</div> On 7 February 2021, a script entitled Into The Gloop was read at the Official Red Dwarf Fan Club Holly Hop Convention by a cast of fans. Written by <a href="/wiki/Rob_Grant" title="Rob Grant">Rob Grant</a>, directed by Ed Bye and produced by Paul Jackson, the one-off performance was broadcast live to Holly Hop attendees on Zoom. The mini-episode, a self-contained story, was set at the end of Series VI. The cast was Harmony Hewlett and Loïc Baucherel as Rimmer, Raph Clarkson as Lister, Nikola Skalova as the Cat and Ellie Griffiths as Kryten.<a href="#cite_note-200">[198]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dave_Hollins:_Space_Cadet">Dave Hollins: Space Cadet</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Dave Hollins: Space Cadet">edit</a>]</div> Red Dwarf was originally based on Dave Hollins: Space Cadet, a series of five sketches that aired as part of the <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> series <a href="/wiki/Son_of_Clich%C3%A9" title="Son of Cliché">Son of Cliché</a>, produced by <a href="/wiki/Rob_Grant" title="Rob Grant">Rob Grant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Doug_Naylor" title="Doug Naylor">Doug Naylor</a> in 1984.<a href="#cite_note-201">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[200]</a> The sketches recounted the adventures of Dave Hollins (voiced by <a href="/wiki/Nick_Wilton" title="Nick Wilton">Nick Wilton</a>), a hapless space traveller who is marooned in space far from Earth.<a href="#cite_note-203">[201]</a> His only steady companion is the computer Hab (voiced by Chris Barrie).<a href="#cite_note-204">[202]</a> Grant and Naylor chose to use the Dave Hollins: Space Cadet sketches as a base for a television show after watching the 1974 film <a href="/wiki/Dark_Star_(film)" title="Dark Star (film)">Dark Star</a>.<a href="#cite_note-205">[203]</a> They changed some elements from the sketches:<a href="#cite_note-206">[204]</a> The seven-trillion-year figure was first changed to seven billion years, and then to three million, and the characters of <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Rimmer" title="Arnold Rimmer">Arnold Rimmer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cat_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Cat (Red Dwarf)">the Cat</a> were created. The name Dave Hollins was changed to <a href="/wiki/Dave_Lister_(Red_Dwarf)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dave Lister (Red Dwarf)">Dave Lister</a> when a <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> player called <a href="/wiki/Dave_Hollins_(footballer)" title="Dave Hollins (footballer)">Dave Hollins</a> became well known, and Hab was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Holly_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Holly (Red Dwarf)">Holly</a>. One of the voice actors from Son of Cliché, Chris Barrie went on to portray Arnold Rimmer in the Red Dwarf TV show. Episodes of Dave Hollins can be found on the two-disc Red Dwarf DVD sets starting with Series V and ending with Series VIII. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_sitcom" title="British sitcom">British sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_sitcoms" class="mw-redirect" title="List of science fiction sitcoms">List of science fiction sitcoms</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> Later revised to the 23rd century, according to the 1991 episode "<a href="/wiki/DNA_(Red_Dwarf)" title="DNA (Red Dwarf)">DNA</a>", or the 22nd century, according to the 1997 episode "<a href="/wiki/Ouroboros_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Ouroboros (Red Dwarf)">Ouroboros</a>". </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> Later revised to 1,169 crew members in the 1991 episode "<a href="/wiki/Justice_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Justice (Red Dwarf)">Justice</a>" and "over a thousand" in the 2017 episode "<a href="/wiki/Timewave_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Timewave (Red Dwarf)">Timewave</a>". </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/bbcworldwide/worldwidestories/pressreleases/2002/10_october/reddwarf.shtml">"Red Dwarf on DVD"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Worldwide" title="BBC Worldwide">BBC Worldwide</a> Press Office. 4 October 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100227022348/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/bbcworldwide/worldwidestories/pressreleases/2002/10_october/reddwarf.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2010. 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Retrieved 29 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Red+Dwarf+Smegazine&rft.atitle=The+Red+Dwarf+Interview%3A+Norman+Lovett&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=20-25&rft.date=1992-10&rft.issn=0965-5603&rft.aulast=Howarth&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.au=Lyons%2C+Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fred_dwarf_smegazine-1992-10%2Fpage%2Fn19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Red_Dwarf_Series_1_Episode_One:_The_End-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Red_Dwarf_Series_1_Episode_One:_The_End_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Red_Dwarf_Series_1_Episode_One:_The_End_35-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/red_dwarf_smegazine-1993-04/page/n33">"Red Dwarf Series 1 Episode One: The End"</a>. Red Dwarf Smegazine. Vol. 2, no. 1. Fleetway Editions Ltd. May 1993. pp. 34–36. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0965-5603">0965-5603</a>. Retrieved 29 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Red+Dwarf+Smegazine&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+Series+1+Episode+One%3A+The+End&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=34-36&rft.date=1993-05&rft.issn=0965-5603&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fred_dwarf_smegazine-1993-04%2Fpage%2Fn33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Prog_Guide_p5-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Prog_Guide_p5_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Prog_Guide_p5_36-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Prog_Guide_p5_36-2">c</a> Howarth & Lyons (1993) p. 5. </li> <li id="cite_note-Howarth_&_Lyons_1993_p._205-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Howarth_&_Lyons_1993_p._205_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Howarth_&_Lyons_1993_p._205_37-1">b</a> Howarth & Lyons (1993) p. 205. </li> <li id="cite_note-Series_VI_Aftermath-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Series_VI_Aftermath_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Series_VI_Aftermath_38-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Series_VI_Aftermath_38-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Series_VI_Aftermath_38-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Series_VI_Aftermath_38-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/guide/index.cfm?seriesID=6&sectionID=behind-the-scenes&subsectionID=aftermath">"Series VI Aftermath"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080421163544/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/guide/index.cfm?seriesID=6&sectionID=behind-the-scenes&subsectionID=aftermath">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2008. Retrieved 11 February 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Series+VI+Aftermath&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fguide%2Findex.cfm%3FseriesID%3D6%26sectionID%3Dbehind-the-scenes%26subsectionID%3Daftermath&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Series_VII_Writing-39"><a href="#cite_ref-Series_VII_Writing_39-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/guide/index.cfm?seriesID=7&sectionID=behind-the-scenes&subsectionID=writing">"Series VII Writing"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080421163554/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/guide/index.cfm?seriesID=7&sectionID=behind-the-scenes&subsectionID=writing">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2008. Retrieved 11 February 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Series+VII+Writing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fguide%2Findex.cfm%3FseriesID%3D7%26sectionID%3Dbehind-the-scenes%26subsectionID%3Dwriting&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> Howarth & Lyons (1993) p. 16. </li> <li id="cite_note-Series_V_production-41"><a href="#cite_ref-Series_V_production_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/guide/index.cfm?seriesID=5&sectionID=behind-the-scenes&subsectionID=production">"Red Dwarf series V Production"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081119161025/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/guide/index.cfm?sectionID=behind-the-scenes&seriesID=5&subsectionID=production">Archived</a> from the original on 19 November 2008. Retrieved 17 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+series+V+Production&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fguide%2Findex.cfm%3FseriesID%3D5%26sectionID%3Dbehind-the-scenes%26subsectionID%3Dproduction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> Howarth & Lyons (1993) pp. 13–14. </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodall2015" class="citation web cs1">Goodall, Howard (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150224025511/http://howardgoodallstore.fabermusic.com/QI-Theme-18355.aspx">"QI Theme (Piano Solo)"</a>. Faber Music Limited. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://howardgoodallstore.fabermusic.com/QI-Theme-18355.aspx">the original</a> on 24 February 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2020. <q>See preview. This is a sheet music download. When your transaction is complete you will have up to 7 days to print the music yourself – it will not be posted to you.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Faber+Music+Limited&rft.atitle=QI+Theme+%28Piano+Solo%29&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Goodall&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhowardgoodallstore.fabermusic.com%2FQI-Theme-18355.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ganymede.tv/forums/topic/mindblowing-thing-ive-just-noticed-about-the-opening-theme/">"Mindblowing thing I've just noticed about the Opening Theme..."</a> Ganymede & Titan. 21 October 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201204200232/https://www.ganymede.tv/forums/topic/mindblowing-thing-ive-just-noticed-about-the-opening-theme/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ganymede+%26+Titan&rft.atitle=Mindblowing+thing+I%27ve+just+noticed+about+the+Opening+Theme...&rft.date=2016-10-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ganymede.tv%2Fforums%2Ftopic%2Fmindblowing-thing-ive-just-noticed-about-the-opening-theme%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodall" class="citation web cs1">Goodall, Howard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813045655/http://www.howardgoodall.co.uk/works/tv-and-film/red-dwarf">"Red Dwarf: TV & Film: Works"</a>. howardgoodall.co.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.howardgoodall.co.uk/works/tv-and-film/red-dwarf">the original</a> on 13 August 2018. Retrieved 6 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=howardgoodall.co.uk&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf%3A+TV+%26+Film%3A+Works&rft.aulast=Goodall&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.howardgoodall.co.uk%2Fworks%2Ftv-and-film%2Fred-dwarf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFphillimess" class="citation web cs1">phillimess. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200906180958/https://twitter.com/phillimess/status/789660406050541568">"789660406050541568"</a>. Twitter. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/phillimess/status/789660406050541568">the original</a> on 6 September 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Twitter&rft.atitle=789660406050541568&rft.au=phillimess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2Fphillimess%2Fstatus%2F789660406050541568&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodall2016" class="citation web cs1">Goodall, Howard (22 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200906181458/https://twitter.com/Howard_Goodall/status/789760504147415040">"I am honoured & delighted my vo-coded message from the past has been cracked!"</a>. Twitter. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/Howard_Goodall/status/789760504147415040">the original</a> on 6 September 2020. <q>I am honoured & delighted my vo-coded message from the past has been cracked! t .co/1GZMzPgZ9C</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Twitter&rft.atitle=I+am+honoured+%26+delighted+my+vo-coded+message+from+the+past+has+been+cracked%21&rft.date=2016-10-22&rft.aulast=Goodall&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FHoward_Goodall%2Fstatus%2F789760504147415040&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodall" class="citation web cs1">Goodall, Howard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lyricsfreak.com/h/howard+goodall/red+dwarf+theme_20883728.html">"Red Dwarf Theme lyrics"</a>. Lyrics Freak. Retrieved 6 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lyrics+Freak&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+Theme+lyrics&rft.aulast=Goodall&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lyricsfreak.com%2Fh%2Fhoward%2Bgoodall%2Fred%2Bdwarf%2Btheme_20883728.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhistlecroft2016" class="citation web cs1">Whistlecroft, Charlotte (22 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digitalspy.com/tv/a811846/red-dwarf-theme-song-lyrics-no-one-knew-about/">"So apparently the Red Dwarf theme has hidden lyrics"</a>. Digital Spy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201111212408/https://www.digitalspy.com/tv/a811846/red-dwarf-theme-song-lyrics-no-one-knew-about/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+Spy&rft.atitle=So+apparently+the+Red+Dwarf+theme+has+hidden+lyrics&rft.date=2016-10-22&rft.aulast=Whistlecroft&rft.aufirst=Charlotte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.com%2Ftv%2Fa811846%2Fred-dwarf-theme-song-lyrics-no-one-knew-about%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMellor2020" class="citation web cs1">Mellor, Louisa (6 August 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.denofgeek.com/tv/red-dwarf-behind-the-scenes-doc-shows-alternative-theme-song-lyrics/">"Red Dwarf: Behind-the-Scenes Doc Shows Alternative Theme Song Lyrics"</a>. Den of Geek. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200929085111/https://www.denofgeek.com/tv/red-dwarf-behind-the-scenes-doc-shows-alternative-theme-song-lyrics/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Den+of+Geek&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf%3A+Behind-the-Scenes+Doc+Shows+Alternative+Theme+Song+Lyrics&rft.date=2020-08-06&rft.aulast=Mellor&rft.aufirst=Louisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.denofgeek.com%2Ftv%2Fred-dwarf-behind-the-scenes-doc-shows-alternative-theme-song-lyrics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodall" class="citation web cs1">Goodall, Howard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genius.com/Howard-goodall-red-dwarf-theme-lyrics">"Red Dwarf Theme"</a>. genius.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201113232937/https://genius.com/Howard-goodall-red-dwarf-theme-lyrics">Archived</a> from the original on 13 November 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=genius.com&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+Theme&rft.aulast=Goodall&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenius.com%2FHoward-goodall-red-dwarf-theme-lyrics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Interview:_Howard_Goodall-52"><a href="#cite_ref-Interview:_Howard_Goodall_52-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/red_dwarf_smegazine-1992-11/page/n29">"The Red Dwarf Interview: Making Music, Howard Goodall"</a>. Red Dwarf Smegazine. Vol. 1, no. 10. Fleetway Editions Ltd. November 1992. pp. 29–32. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0965-5603">0965-5603</a>. Retrieved 29 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Red+Dwarf+Smegazine&rft.atitle=The+Red+Dwarf+Interview%3A+Making+Music%2C+Howard+Goodall&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=29-32&rft.date=1992-11&rft.issn=0965-5603&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fred_dwarf_smegazine-1992-11%2Fpage%2Fn29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-everyHit.com-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-everyHit.com_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-everyHit.com_53-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.everyhit.com/">"Search the UK Top 40 Hit Database"</a>. EveryHit.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080118062706/http://www.everyhit.co.uk/notauth.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 January 2008. Retrieved 19 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EveryHit.co.uk&rft.atitle=Search+the+UK+Top+40+Hit+Database&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.everyhit.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> "Back from the Dead" featurette on the Series VII DVD release. </li> <li id="cite_note-Sci-Fi-LondonFilmFestival-55"><a href="#cite_ref-Sci-Fi-LondonFilmFestival_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDillon2007" class="citation web cs1">Dillon, Matt (14 November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080408061055/http://www.sci-fi-london.com/news/article/1195080035/3/red-dwarf-the-bodysnatcher-collection">"Red Dwarf: The Bodysnatcher Collection"</a>. Sci-Fi-London Film Festival. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sci-fi-london.com/news/article/1195080035/3/red-dwarf-the-bodysnatcher-collection">the original</a> on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 28 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sci-Fi-London+Film+Festival&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf%3A+The+Bodysnatcher+Collection&rft.date=2007-11-14&rft.aulast=Dillon&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sci-fi-london.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F1195080035%2F3%2Fred-dwarf-the-bodysnatcher-collection&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Red_Dwarf_series_I_Remastering-56"><a href="#cite_ref-Red_Dwarf_series_I_Remastering_56-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/guide/index.cfm?seriesID=1&sectionID=behind-the-scenes&subsectionID=remastering">"Red Dwarf series I Remastering"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081125215202/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/guide/index.cfm?sectionID=behind-the-scenes&seriesID=1&subsectionID=remastering">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2008. 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Retrieved 19 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=The+Bodysnatcher+Collection%3A+The+groundbreaking+DVD+release+arrives+in+stores%21&rft.date=2007-11-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2007%2F11%2F09%2Fthe-bodysnatcher-collection&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Red_Dwarf_series_VII_Production-58"><a href="#cite_ref-Red_Dwarf_series_VII_Production_58-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/guide/index.cfm?seriesID=7&sectionID=behind-the-scenes&subsectionID=production">"Red Dwarf series VII Production"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080421131818/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/guide/index.cfm?seriesID=7&sectionID=behind-the-scenes&subsectionID=production">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2008. 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Digital Spy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080125093550/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/cult/a82173/red-dwarf-returns-for-new-mobisodes.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2008. Retrieved 18 January 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+Spy&rft.atitle=%27Red+Dwarf%27+returns+for+new+%27mobisodes%27&rft.date=2007-12-22&rft.aulast=Rawson-Jones&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.co.uk%2Fcult%2Fa82173%2Fred-dwarf-returns-for-new-mobisodes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/culturenews/4348317/Red-Dwarf-to-return-in-new-series.html">"Red Dwarf to return in new series"</a>. The Daily Telegraph. 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RedDwarf.co.uk. 20 February 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090223073817/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2009/02/20/back%2Dto%2Dearth%2Dthe%2Dtrilogy">Archived</a> from the original on 23 February 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Back+To+Earth%3A+The+Trilogy&rft.date=2009-02-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2009%2F02%2F20%2Fback-to-earth-the-trilogy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Kryten_Factor-64">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Kryten_Factor_64-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Kryten_Factor_64-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Red Alert". <a href="/wiki/SFX_(magazine)" title="SFX (magazine)">SFX</a>. No. 181. 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RedDwarf.co.uk. 17 April 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120913040530/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2009/04/17/back-to-earth-ratings">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 5 October 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Back+To+Earth+Ratings&rft.date=2009-04-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2009%2F04%2F17%2Fback-to-earth-ratings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BTE_DVD_date-69"><a href="#cite_ref-BTE_DVD_date_69-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2009/02/20/dave-episodes-dvd-date-revealed">"Dave Episodes' DVD Date Revealed"</a>. 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RedDwarf.co.uk. 24 July 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121201031235/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2009/07/24/bluray-in-the-uk">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2012. Retrieved 5 October 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Blu-ray+In+The+UK&rft.date=2009-07-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2009%2F07%2F24%2Fbluray-in-the-uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/help">"The Show: Q&A"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120717125011/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/help">Archived</a> from the original on 17 July 2012. Retrieved 30 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=The+Show%3A+Q%26A&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fhelp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110415041312/http://uktv.co.uk/dave/article/aid/630663">"Red Dwarf X confirmed"</a>. Dave. 10 April 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uktv.co.uk/dave/article/aid/630663">the original</a> on 15 April 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dave&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+X+confirmed&rft.date=2011-04-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuktv.co.uk%2Fdave%2Farticle%2Faid%2F630663&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-officialsite-series-x-73"><a href="#cite_ref-officialsite-series-x_73-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2011/04/15/new-series-of-red-dwarf-confirmed">"New Series of Red Dwarf Confirmed"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. 15 April 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120806120220/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2011/04/15/new-series-of-red-dwarf-confirmed">Archived</a> from the original on 6 August 2012. Retrieved 20 August 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=New+Series+of+Red+Dwarf+Confirmed&rft.date=2011-04-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2011%2F04%2F15%2Fnew-series-of-red-dwarf-confirmed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2011/11/11/be-in-the-audience-for-red-dwarf-x">"Be in the Audience for Red Dwarf X"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. 11 November 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120422233841/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2011/11/11/be-in-the-audience-for-red-dwarf-x">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Be+in+the+Audience+for+Red+Dwarf+X&rft.date=2011-11-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2011%2F11%2F11%2Fbe-in-the-audience-for-red-dwarf-x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCapps2012" class="citation web cs1">Capps, Jonathan (30 January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120722074737/http://www.ganymede.tv/atspeed/2012/01/a-red-dwarf-x-round-up">"A Big Red Dwarf X Round-Up"</a>. Ganymede & Titan. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ganymede.tv/atspeed/2012/01/a-red-dwarf-x-round-up">the original</a> on 22 July 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ganymede+%26+Titan&rft.atitle=A+Big+Red+Dwarf+X+Round-Up&rft.date=2012-01-30&rft.aulast=Capps&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fganymede.tv%2Fatspeed%2F2012%2F01%2Fa-red-dwarf-x-round-up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bom-76"><a href="#cite_ref-bom_76-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2012/07/20/red-dwarf-x-first-trailer">"Red Dwarf X: First Trailer"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. 20 July 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120910083443/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2012/07/20/red-dwarf-x-first-trailer">Archived</a> from the original on 10 September 2012. Retrieved 20 August 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+X%3A+First+Trailer&rft.date=2012-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2012%2F07%2F20%2Fred-dwarf-x-first-trailer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMellor2012" class="citation web cs1">Mellor, Louisa (22 August 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.denofgeek.com/tv/red-dwarf-x/22421/will-red-dwarf-x-be-the-show%E2%80%99s-final-outing">"Will Red Dwarf X be the show's final outing?"</a>. Den of Geek. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120824133239/http://www.denofgeek.com/tv/red-dwarf-x/22421/will-red-dwarf-x-be-the-show%E2%80%99s-final-outing">Archived</a> from the original on 24 August 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Den+of+Geek&rft.atitle=Will+Red+Dwarf+X+be+the+show%27s+final+outing%3F&rft.date=2012-08-22&rft.aulast=Mellor&rft.aufirst=Louisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.denofgeek.com%2Ftv%2Fred-dwarf-x%2F22421%2Fwill-red-dwarf-x-be-the-show%25E2%2580%2599s-final-outing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/features/reports/dimension-jump-17/index.cfm?page=sunday">"Dimension Jump XVII: Sunday"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. 5 May 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140327140744/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/features/reports/dimension-jump-17/index.cfm?page=sunday">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2014. Retrieved 22 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Dimension+Jump+XVII%3A+Sunday&rft.date=2013-05-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Ffeatures%2Freports%2Fdimension-jump-17%2Findex.cfm%3Fpage%3Dsunday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaylor2013" class="citation web cs1">Naylor, Doug [@DougRDNaylor] (21 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/DougRDNaylor/status/392405395417100288">"Getting tweets claiming Red Dwarf XI is commissioned..."</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). Retrieved 20 December 2017 – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Getting+tweets+claiming+Red+Dwarf+XI+is+commissioned...&rft.date=2013-10-21&rft.aulast=Naylor&rft.aufirst=Doug&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FDougRDNaylor%2Fstatus%2F392405395417100288&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFletcher2013" class="citation web cs1">Fletcher, Alex (22 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/news/a525448/red-dwarf-series-11-still-not-commissioned-says-doug-naylor.html">"'Red Dwarf' series 11 still not commissioned, says Doug Naylor"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Spy" title="Digital Spy">Digital Spy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131023062531/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/news/a525448/red-dwarf-series-11-still-not-commissioned-says-doug-naylor.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2013. Retrieved 22 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+Spy&rft.atitle=%27Red+Dwarf%27+series+11+still+not+commissioned%2C+says+Doug+Naylor&rft.date=2013-10-22&rft.aulast=Fletcher&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.co.uk%2Ftv%2Fnews%2Fa525448%2Fred-dwarf-series-11-still-not-commissioned-says-doug-naylor.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFletcher2014" class="citation web cs1">Fletcher, Alex (14 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/news/a544203/red-dwarf-series-11-currently-being-written-says-danny-john-jules.html">"Red Dwarf series 11 currently being written, says Danny John-Jules"</a>. Digital Spy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140313095025/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/news/a544203/red-dwarf-series-11-currently-being-written-says-danny-john-jules.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 March 2014. Retrieved 3 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+Spy&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+series+11+currently+being+written%2C+says+Danny+John-Jules&rft.date=2014-01-14&rft.aulast=Fletcher&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.co.uk%2Ftv%2Fnews%2Fa544203%2Fred-dwarf-series-11-currently-being-written-says-danny-john-jules.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrazer2014" class="citation web cs1">Frazer, Philip (9 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whatculture.com/tv/red-dwarf-season-11-confirmed-filming-date.php">"Red Dwarf Season 11 Confirmed With Filming Date"</a>. WhatCulture.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140412122225/http://whatculture.com/tv/red-dwarf-season-11-confirmed-filming-date.php">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2014. Retrieved 10 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WhatCulture.com&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+Season+11+Confirmed+With+Filming+Date&rft.date=2014-04-09&rft.aulast=Frazer&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhatculture.com%2Ftv%2Fred-dwarf-season-11-confirmed-filming-date.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itv.com/news/2015-05-02/red-dwarf-ready-to-take-off-with-new-series">"Cult comedy classic Red Dwarf ready to take off with new series"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="ITV (TV channel)">ITV News</a>. 2 May 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150505015327/http://www.itv.com/news/2015-05-02/red-dwarf-ready-to-take-off-with-new-series">Archived</a> from the original on 5 May 2015. Retrieved 2 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ITV+News&rft.atitle=Cult+comedy+classic+Red+Dwarf+ready+to+take+off+with+new+series&rft.date=2015-05-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.itv.com%2Fnews%2F2015-05-02%2Fred-dwarf-ready-to-take-off-with-new-series&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2015/05/02/red-dwarf-returns-twice">"Red Dwarf Returns... Twice!"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. 2 May 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150505011703/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2015/05/02/red-dwarf-returns-twice">Archived</a> from the original on 5 May 2015. Retrieved 2 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+Returns...+Twice%21&rft.date=2015-05-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2015%2F05%2F02%2Fred-dwarf-returns-twice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2015/09/11/just-the-ticket">"Just The Ticket"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. 11 September 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160911140542/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2015/09/11/just-the-ticket">Archived</a> from the original on 11 September 2016. Retrieved 21 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Just+The+Ticket&rft.date=2015-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2015%2F09%2F11%2Fjust-the-ticket&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-btb-86"><a href="#cite_ref-btb_86-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshurst2017" class="citation web cs1">Ashurst, Sam (12 October 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitalspy.com/tv/red-dwarf/feature/a840479/red-dwarf-series-12-episode-1-premiere-cured-review">"Red Dwarf XII episode one, 'Cured' review: Lister's new BFF is... Hitler?!"</a>. Digital Spy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171015045523/http://www.digitalspy.com/tv/red-dwarf/feature/a840479/red-dwarf-series-12-episode-1-premiere-cured-review">Archived</a> from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 12 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+Spy&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+XII+episode+one%2C+%27Cured%27+review%3A+Lister%27s+new+BFF+is...+Hitler%3F%21&rft.date=2017-10-12&rft.aulast=Ashurst&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.com%2Ftv%2Fred-dwarf%2Ffeature%2Fa840479%2Fred-dwarf-series-12-episode-1-premiere-cured-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2017/09/08/all-right-dudes">"All Right, Dudes?"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. 8 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170908155218/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2017/09/08/all-right-dudes">Archived</a> from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 15 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=All+Right%2C+Dudes%3F&rft.date=2017-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2017%2F09%2F08%2Fall-right-dudes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2017/09/15/teaser-for-twelve">"Teaser For Twelve"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. 15 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170916011003/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2017/09/15/teaser-for-twelve">Archived</a> from the original on 16 September 2017. Retrieved 15 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Teaser+For+Twelve&rft.date=2017-09-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2017%2F09%2F15%2Fteaser-for-twelve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSymes2019" class="citation web cs1">Symes, Ian (24 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ganymede.tv/2019/05/bobby-llew-strikes-yet-again">"Bobby Llew strikes yet again"</a>. Ganymede & Titan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190629124212/https://www.ganymede.tv/2019/05/bobby-llew-strikes-yet-again/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ganymede+%26+Titan&rft.atitle=Bobby+Llew+strikes+yet+again&rft.date=2019-05-24&rft.aulast=Symes&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ganymede.tv%2F2019%2F05%2Fbobby-llew-strikes-yet-again&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarner2019" class="citation web cs1">Warner, Sam (27 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digitalspy.com/tv/a28204565/red-dwarf-danny-john-jules-update-series-13-return">"Red Dwarf star Danny John-Jules gives update on the series' return"</a>. Digital Spy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191217095850/https://www.digitalspy.com/tv/a28204565/red-dwarf-danny-john-jules-update-series-13-return/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 December 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+Spy&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+star+Danny+John-Jules+gives+update+on+the+series%27+return&rft.date=2019-06-27&rft.aulast=Warner&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.com%2Ftv%2Fa28204565%2Fred-dwarf-danny-john-jules-update-series-13-return&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chortle.co.uk/news/2019/10/18/44561/finally!_red_dwarf_movie_is_happening">"Finally! 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Ganymede & Titan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200215230528/https://www.ganymede.tv/2019/11/red-dwarf-special-recording-postponed/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2020. 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Retrieved 23 August 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amazon.co.uk&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf%3A+X+%28DVD%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.co.uk%2Fdp%2FB008RA60NG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121108094738/http://www.ezydvd.com.au/DVD/red-dwarf-series-10/dp/6120112">"Red Dwarf: Series 10"</a>. EzyDVD.com.au. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ezydvd.com.au/DVD/red-dwarf-series-10/dp/6120112">the original</a> on 8 November 2012. Retrieved 9 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EzyDVD.com.au&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf%3A+Series+10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ezydvd.com.au%2FDVD%2Fred-dwarf-series-10%2Fdp%2F6120112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B009Z5BPYG/panandscathed-20">"Red Dwarf: Season X (Blu-ray)"</a>. Amazon.com. Retrieved 9 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amazon.com&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf%3A+Season+X+%28Blu-ray%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB009Z5BPYG%2Fpanandscathed-20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B008RA60UY">"Red Dwarf X (Blu-ray)"</a>. Amazon.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211107224423/https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B008RA60UY">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amazon.co.uk&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+X+%28Blu-ray%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.co.uk%2Fdp%2FB008RA60UY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2019/07/26/japans-bumper-blu-box/">"Japan's Bumper Blu Box"</a>. reddwarf.co.uk. 26 July 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200229211624/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2019/07/26/japans-bumper-blu-box/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 February 2020. Retrieved 29 February 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=reddwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=Japan%27s+Bumper+Blu+Box&rft.date=2019-07-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2019%2F07%2F26%2Fjapans-bumper-blu-box%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2018/10/26/were-covered">"We're Covered"</a>. RedDwarf.co.uk. 26 October 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181026222601/http://www.reddwarf.co.uk/news/2018/10/26/were-covered/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 October 2018. Retrieved 26 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RedDwarf.co.uk&rft.atitle=We%27re+Covered&rft.date=2018-10-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reddwarf.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2018%2F10%2F26%2Fwere-covered&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaylor2016" class="citation web cs1">Naylor, Doug [@DougRDNaylor] (17 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/DougRDNaylor/status/743725785752576000">"BBCWW are doing an up-resed version of first 5 series..."</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). Retrieved 24 September 2017 – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BBCWW+are+doing+an+up-resed+version+of+first+5+series...&rft.date=2016-06-17&rft.aulast=Naylor&rft.aufirst=Doug&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FDougRDNaylor%2Fstatus%2F743725785752576000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaylor2017" class="citation web cs1">Naylor, Doug [@DougRDNaylor] (19 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/DougRDNaylor/status/910252907890663426">"I killed it. Picture quality not good enough"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). 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Retrieved 17 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDb&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+%281992%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0103521&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://randomhoohaas.flyingomelette.com/reddw/o/usa/index.html">"Red Dwarf USA unaired pilot"</a>. The Red Dwarf Section. February 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160909061544/http://randomhoohaas.flyingomelette.com/reddw/o/usa/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 September 2016. 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Retrieved 25 March 2020. <q>Most of the ideas are fresh but for the last episode I borrow things from the very early drafts of the film and explain what happened after the conclusion of series eight.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ganymede+%26+Titan&rft.atitle=Doug+Naylor+Broadcast+Interview&rft.date=2012-08-23&rft.aulast=Symes&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ganymede.tv%2F2012%2F08%2Fdoug-naylor-broadcast-interview%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whatculture.com/tv/red-dwarf-turns-30-interview-with-co-creator-doug-naylor-on-the-30th-anniversary?page=3">"Red Dwarf Turns 30: Interview With Co-Creator Doug Naylor On The 30th Anniversary"</a>. 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Red Dwarf - The Officle Website Chat Forum. 29 September 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191231213403/http://reddwarf.co.uk/forum/threads/red-dwarf-xi-and-xii-games-are-gone.11660/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 December 2019. 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YouTube. 22 February 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151127185717/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cWA7rgCMGrA">Archived</a> from the original on 27 November 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Daleks+opinion+about+Red+Dwarf&rft.date=2011-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DcWA7rgCMGrA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDredge2013" class="citation news cs1">Dredge, Stuart (24 July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/jul/24/knightmare-revived-youtube-geek-week">"Knightmare children's TV show to be revived for YouTube Geek Week"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191026225835/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/jul/24/knightmare-revived-youtube-geek-week">Archived</a> from the original on 26 October 2019. Retrieved 5 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Knightmare+children%27s+TV+show+to+be+revived+for+YouTube+Geek+Week&rft.date=2013-07-24&rft.aulast=Dredge&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftechnology%2F2013%2Fjul%2F24%2Fknightmare-revived-youtube-geek-week&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVincent2013" class="citation news cs1">Vincent, James (25 July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/youtube-launches-geek-week-nerds-left-in-the-shade-8730464.html">"YouTube launches 'Geek Week', nerds left in the shade"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191105011548/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/youtube-launches-geek-week-nerds-left-in-the-shade-8730464.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 5 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=YouTube+launches+%27Geek+Week%27%2C+nerds+left+in+the+shade&rft.date=2013-07-25&rft.aulast=Vincent&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Flife-style%2Fgadgets-and-tech%2Fnews%2Fyoutube-launches-geek-week-nerds-left-in-the-shade-8730464.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6dvSPmVtgew">"Stellar Rescue - YouTube"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200707090635/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6dvSPmVtgew">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Stellar+Rescue+-+YouTube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D6dvSPmVtgew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeen2019" class="citation news cs1">Deen, Sarah (1 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metro.co.uk/2019/07/01/red-dwarf-fans-going-smegging-lose-aa-cast-teases-series-13-10098754">"Red Dwarf fans are going to smegging lose it over this AA advert after cast teases series 13"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metro_(British_newspaper)" title="Metro (British newspaper)">Metro</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190703135315/https://metro.co.uk/2019/07/01/red-dwarf-fans-going-smegging-lose-aa-cast-teases-series-13-10098754">Archived</a> from the original on 3 July 2019. Retrieved 2 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metro&rft.atitle=Red+Dwarf+fans+are+going+to+smegging+lose+it+over+this+AA+advert+after+cast+teases+series+13&rft.date=2019-07-01&rft.aulast=Deen&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmetro.co.uk%2F2019%2F07%2F01%2Fred-dwarf-fans-going-smegging-lose-aa-cast-teases-series-13-10098754&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlenday2019" class="citation cs2">Glenday, John (2 July 2019), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedrum.com/news/2019/07/02/red-dwarf-crew-receives-planet-side-breakdown-cover-the-aa">Red Dwarf crew receives planet-side breakdown cover from the AA</a>, The Drum, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200303023554/https://www.thedrum.com/news/2019/07/02/red-dwarf-crew-receives-planet-side-breakdown-cover-the-aa">archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2020, retrieved 2 March 2020</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Red+Dwarf+crew+receives+planet-side+breakdown+cover+from+the+AA&rft.pub=The+Drum&rft.date=2019-07-02&rft.aulast=Glenday&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedrum.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2F07%2F02%2Fred-dwarf-crew-receives-planet-side-breakdown-cover-the-aa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3Pu-ebXh2M">"Stellar Rescue - Behind the Scenes of the new AA TV ad - YouTube"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108174627/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3Pu-ebXh2M&">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2020. 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(1 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.starburstmagazine.com/features/feature-articles/3546-interview-doug-naylor-writerco-creator-of-red-dwarf">"Interview: Red Dwarf Writer / Co-Creator Doug Naylor"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Starburst_(magazine)" title="Starburst (magazine)">Starburst</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714142022/http://www.starburstmagazine.com/features/feature-articles/3546-interview-doug-naylor-writerco-creator-of-red-dwarf">Archived</a> from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 7 June 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Starburst&rft.atitle=Interview%3A+Red+Dwarf+Writer+%2F+Co-Creator+Doug+Naylor&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft.aulast=Gillam&rft.aufirst=J.+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.starburstmagazine.com%2Ffeatures%2Ffeature-articles%2F3546-interview-doug-naylor-writerco-creator-of-red-dwarf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2009" class="citation web cs1">Davis, Laura (10 April 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Cult+show+returns+from+outer+space%3B+The+first+Red+Dwarf+series+in+a...-a0197533625">"Cult show returns from outer space; The first Red Dwarf series in a decade begins tonight. 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Retrieved 11 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thefreelibrary.com&rft.atitle=Cult+show+returns+from+outer+space%3B+The+first+Red+Dwarf+series+in+a+decade+begins+tonight.+Its+co-writer%2C+Doug+Naylor%2C+speaks+to+Laura+Davis.&rft.date=2009-04-10&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FCult%2Bshow%2Breturns%2Bfrom%2Bouter%2Bspace%253B%2BThe%2Bfirst%2BRed%2BDwarf%2Bseries%2Bin%2Ba...-a0197533625&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDessau1992" class="citation book cs1">Dessau, Bruce (1992). The Official Red Dwarf Companion. <a href="/wiki/Titan_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Titan Books">Titan Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85286-456-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85286-456-9"><bdi>978-1-85286-456-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Official+Red+Dwarf+Companion&rft.pub=Titan+Books&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-1-85286-456-9&rft.aulast=Dessau&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowarthLyons1993" class="citation book cs1">Howarth, Chris; Lyons, Steve (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/reddwarfprogramm0000howa">Red Dwarf Programme Guide</a>. <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Books" title="Virgin Books">Virgin Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86369-682-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86369-682-4"><bdi>978-0-86369-682-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Red+Dwarf+Programme+Guide&rft.pub=Virgin+Books&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-86369-682-4&rft.aulast=Howarth&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.au=Lyons%2C+Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freddwarfprogramm0000howa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Red Dwarf Smegazine, (March 1992 - January 1994), Fleetway Editions Ltd, ISSN 0965-5603</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexander1995" class="citation book cs1">Alexander, Paul (1995). Red Dwarf Log No. 1996. William Heineman Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-434-00370-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-434-00370-9"><bdi>978-0-434-00370-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Red+Dwarf+Log+No.+1996&rft.pub=William+Heineman+Ltd&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-434-00370-9&rft.aulast=Alexander&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurnettHooks1997" class="citation book cs1">Burnett, Sharon; Hooks, Nicky (1997). A Question of Smeg. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-027070-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-027070-9"><bdi>978-0-14-027070-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Question+of+Smeg&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-14-027070-9&rft.aulast=Burnett&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft.au=Hooks%2C+Nicky&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharlesBell1997" class="citation book cs1">Charles, Craig; Bell, Russell (1997). The Log: A Dwarfer's Guide to Everything. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-026862-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-026862-1"><bdi>978-0-14-026862-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Log%3A+A+Dwarfer%27s+Guide+to+Everything&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-14-026862-1&rft.aulast=Charles&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.au=Bell%2C+Russell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrantNaylor1993" class="citation book cs1">Grant; Naylor (1993). Primordial Soup: The Least Worst Scripts. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-017886-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-017886-9"><bdi>978-0-14-017886-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Primordial+Soup%3A+The+Least+Worst+Scripts&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-14-017886-9&rft.au=Grant&rft.au=Naylor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrantNaylor1996" class="citation book cs1">Grant; Naylor (1996). Son Of Soup. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-025363-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-025363-4"><bdi>978-0-14-025363-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Son+Of+Soup&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-14-025363-4&rft.au=Grant&rft.au=Naylor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrantNaylor1996" class="citation book cs1">Grant; Naylor (1996). Scenes from the Dwarf. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-600243-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-600243-4"><bdi>978-0-14-600243-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scenes+from+the+Dwarf&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-14-600243-4&rft.au=Grant&rft.au=Naylor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHooksBurnett1994" class="citation book cs1">Hooks, Nicky; Burnett, Sharon (1994). The Red Dwarf Quiz Book. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-023662-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-023662-0"><bdi>978-0-14-023662-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Red+Dwarf+Quiz+Book&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-14-023662-0&rft.aulast=Hooks&rft.aufirst=Nicky&rft.au=Burnett%2C+Sharon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLlewellyn1994" class="citation book cs1">Llewellyn, Robert (1994). The Man in the Rubber Mask. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-023575-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-023575-3"><bdi>978-0-14-023575-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Man+in+the+Rubber+Mask&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-14-023575-3&rft.aulast=Llewellyn&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaylorAlexander1996" class="citation book cs1">Naylor, Doug; Alexander, Paul (1996). The Space Corps Survival Manual. Mandarin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7493-2374-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7493-2374-5"><bdi>978-0-7493-2374-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Space+Corps+Survival+Manual&rft.pub=Mandarin&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-7493-2374-5&rft.aulast=Naylor&rft.aufirst=Doug&rft.au=Alexander%2C+Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaylorAlexander2000" class="citation book cs1">Naylor, Doug; Alexander, Paul (2000). Red Dwarf VIII Scriptbook. Virgin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85227-872-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85227-872-4"><bdi>978-1-85227-872-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Red+Dwarf+VIII+Scriptbook&rft.pub=Virgin&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-85227-872-4&rft.aulast=Naylor&rft.aufirst=Doug&rft.au=Alexander%2C+Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNazzaro1994" class="citation book cs1">Nazzaro, Joe (1994). The Making of Red Dwarf. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-023206-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-023206-6"><bdi>978-0-14-023206-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+Red+Dwarf&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-14-023206-6&rft.aulast=Nazzaro&rft.aufirst=Joe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARed+Dwarf" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Red_Dwarf" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Red Dwarf">Red Dwarf</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b008ncn6">Red Dwarf</a> at <a href="/wiki/BBC_Online" title="BBC Online">BBC Online</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5902#P827" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Red_Dwarf" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Red_Dwarf" title="Template:Red Dwarf"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Red_Dwarf" title="Template talk:Red Dwarf"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Red_Dwarf" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Red Dwarf"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Red_Dwarf" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Red Dwarf</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_characters" title="List of Red Dwarf characters">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Lister" title="Dave Lister">Dave Lister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Rimmer" title="Arnold Rimmer">Arnold Rimmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holly_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Holly (Red Dwarf)">Holly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Cat (Red Dwarf)">The Cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryten" title="Kryten">Kryten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristine_Kochanski" title="Kristine Kochanski">Kristine Kochanski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_Infinity_Welcomes_Careful_Drivers" title="Red Dwarf: Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers">Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_Than_Life" title="Better Than Life">Better Than Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Human" title="Last Human">Last Human</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backwards_(novel)" title="Backwards (novel)">Backwards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Red_Dwarf_episodes" title="List of Red Dwarf episodes">Episodes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series I (1988)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_End_(Red_Dwarf)" title="The End (Red Dwarf)">The End</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Future_Echoes" title="Future Echoes">Future Echoes</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Balance_of_Power_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Balance of Power (Red Dwarf)">Balance of Power</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Waiting_for_God_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Waiting for God (Red Dwarf)">Waiting for God</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Confidence_and_Paranoia" title="Confidence and Paranoia">Confidence and Paranoia</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Me%C2%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="Me²">Me²</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series II (1988)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Kryten_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Kryten (Red Dwarf)">Kryten</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Better_Than_Life_(Red_Dwarf_episode)" title="Better Than Life (Red Dwarf episode)">Better Than Life</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Thanks_for_the_Memory_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Thanks for the Memory (Red Dwarf)">Thanks for the Memory</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Stasis_Leak" title="Stasis Leak">Stasis Leak</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Queeg_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Queeg (Red Dwarf)">Queeg</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Parallel_Universe_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Parallel Universe (Red Dwarf)">Parallel Universe</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series III (1989)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Backwards_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Backwards (Red Dwarf)">Backwards</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Marooned_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Marooned (Red Dwarf)">Marooned</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Polymorph_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Polymorph (Red Dwarf)">Polymorph</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bodyswap_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Bodyswap (Red Dwarf)">Bodyswap</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Timeslides" title="Timeslides">Timeslides</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Last_Day_(Red_Dwarf)" title="The Last Day (Red Dwarf)">The Last Day</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series IV (1991)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Camille_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Camille (Red Dwarf)">Camille</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/DNA_(Red_Dwarf)" title="DNA (Red Dwarf)">DNA</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Justice_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Justice (Red Dwarf)">Justice</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/White_Hole_(Red_Dwarf)" title="White Hole (Red Dwarf)">White Hole</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Dimension_Jump_(Red_Dwarf_episode)" title="Dimension Jump (Red Dwarf episode)">Dimension Jump</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Meltdown_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Meltdown (Red Dwarf)">Meltdown</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series V (1992)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Holoship" title="Holoship">Holoship</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Inquisitor_(Red_Dwarf)" title="The Inquisitor (Red Dwarf)">The Inquisitor</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Terrorform" title="Terrorform">Terrorform</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Quarantine_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Quarantine (Red Dwarf)">Quarantine</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Demons_%26_Angels" title="Demons & Angels">Demons & Angels</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Back_to_Reality_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Back to Reality (Red Dwarf)">Back to Reality</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series VI (1993)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Psirens" title="Psirens">Psirens</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Legion_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Legion (Red Dwarf)">Legion</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Gunmen_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Gunmen of the Apocalypse">Gunmen of the Apocalypse</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Emohawk:_Polymorph_II" title="Emohawk: Polymorph II">Emohawk: Polymorph II</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Rimmerworld" title="Rimmerworld">Rimmerworld</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Out_of_Time_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Out of Time (Red Dwarf)">Out of Time</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series VII (1997)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Tikka_to_Ride" title="Tikka to Ride">Tikka to Ride</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Stoke_Me_a_Clipper" title="Stoke Me a Clipper">Stoke Me a Clipper</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ouroboros_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Ouroboros (Red Dwarf)">Ouroboros</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Duct_Soup" title="Duct Soup">Duct Soup</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Blue_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Blue (Red Dwarf)">Blue</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Beyond_a_Joke_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Beyond a Joke (Red Dwarf)">Beyond a Joke</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Epideme" title="Epideme">Epideme</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Nanarchy" title="Nanarchy">Nanarchy</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series VIII (1999)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Back_in_the_Red" title="Back in the Red">Back in the Red</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cassandra_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Cassandra (Red Dwarf)">Cassandra</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Krytie_TV" title="Krytie TV">Krytie TV</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Pete_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Pete (Red Dwarf)">Pete</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Only_the_Good..." title="Only the Good...">Only the Good...</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miniseries (2009)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_Back_to_Earth" title="Red Dwarf: Back to Earth">Back to Earth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf_X" title="Red Dwarf X">Series X (2012)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Trojan_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Trojan (Red Dwarf)">Trojan</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Fathers_%26_Suns" title="Fathers & Suns">Fathers & Suns</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Lemons_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Lemons (Red Dwarf)">Lemons</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Entangled_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Entangled (Red Dwarf)">Entangled</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Dear_Dave" title="Dear Dave">Dear Dave</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Beginning_(Red_Dwarf)" title="The Beginning (Red Dwarf)">The Beginning</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series XI (2016)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Twentica" title="Twentica">Twentica</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Samsara_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Samsara (Red Dwarf)">Samsara</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Give_%26_Take_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Give & Take (Red Dwarf)">Give & Take</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Officer_Rimmer" title="Officer Rimmer">Officer Rimmer</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Krysis" title="Krysis">Krysis</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Can_of_Worms_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Can of Worms (Red Dwarf)">Can of Worms</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Series XII (2017)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Cured_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Cured (Red Dwarf)">Cured</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Siliconia" title="Siliconia">Siliconia</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Timewave_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Timewave (Red Dwarf)">Timewave</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mechocracy" title="Mechocracy">Mechocracy</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/M-Corp_(Red_Dwarf)" title="M-Corp (Red Dwarf)">M-Corp</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Skipper_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Skipper (Red Dwarf)">Skipper</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television film (2020)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_The_Promised_Land" title="Red Dwarf: The Promised Land">The Promised Land</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unmade episodes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Bodysnatcher_(Red_Dwarf)" title="Bodysnatcher (Red Dwarf)">Bodysnatcher</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Identity_Within" class="mw-redirect" title="Identity Within">Identity Within</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf_Remastered" title="Red Dwarf Remastered">Red Dwarf Remastered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Naylor" title="Grant Naylor">Grant Naylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimension_Jump_(convention)" title="Dimension Jump (convention)">Dimension Jump</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Tongue_Tied_(Red_Dwarf_song)" title="Tongue Tied (Red Dwarf song)">Tongue Tied</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Red_Dwarf" title="Category:Red Dwarf">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="U&amp;Dave_original_programming" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:U%26Dave_original_programming" title="Template:U&Dave original programming"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:U%26Dave_original_programming" title="Template talk:U&Dave original programming"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:U%26Dave_original_programming" title="Special:EditPage/Template:U&Dave original programming"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U&amp;Dave_original_programming" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U%26Dave" title="U&Dave">U&Dave</a> original programming</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Davies:_As_Yet_Untitled" title="Alan Davies: As Yet Untitled">Alan Davies: As Yet Untitled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carr" title="Jimmy Carr">Battle in the Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Zuu%27s_Big_Eats" title="Big Zuu's Big Eats">Big Zuu's Big Eats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Gorman:_Modern_Life_Is_Goodish" title="Dave Gorman: Modern Life Is Goodish">Dave Gorman: Modern Life Is Goodish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hurting_(TV_series)" title="The Hurting (TV series)">The Hurting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outsiders_(British_TV_series)" title="Outsiders (British TV series)">Outsiders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Murray%27s_Compete_for_the_Meat" title="Al Murray's Compete for the Meat">Al Murray's Compete for the Meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Armstrong%27s_Big_Ask" title="Alexander Armstrong's Big Ask">Alexander Armstrong's Big Ask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/And_Then_You_Die_(TV_series)" title="And Then You Die (TV series)">And Then You Die</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argumental" title="Argumental">Argumental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batteries_Not_Included_(TV_series)" title="Batteries Not Included (TV series)">Batteries Not Included</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpool_(TV_series)" title="Carpool (TV series)">Carpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crackanory" title="Crackanory">Crackanory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dara_%C3%93_Briain:_School_of_Hard_Sums" title="Dara Ó Briain: School of Hard Sums">Dara Ó Briain: School of Hard Sums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dara_O_Briain%27s_Go_8_Bit" title="Dara O Briain's Go 8 Bit">Dara O Briain's Go 8 Bit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave%27s_One_Night_Stand" title="Dave's One Night Stand">Dave's One Night Stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_with_Steve_Backshall" title="Expedition with Steve Backshall">Expedition with Steve Backshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoff_the_Record" title="Hoff the Record">Hoff the Record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypothetical_(TV_series)" title="Hypothetical (TV series)">Hypothetical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Indestructibles_(2015_TV_series)" title="The Indestructibles (2015 TV series)">The Indestructibles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Brand%27s_Big_Splash" title="Jo Brand's Big Splash">Jo Brand's Big Splash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Richardson:_Ultimate_Worrier" title="Jon Richardson: Ultimate Worrier">Jon Richardson: Ultimate Worrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judge_Romesh" title="Judge Romesh">Judge Romesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mash_Report" title="The Mash Report">The Mash Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meet_the_Richardsons" title="Meet the Richardsons">Meet the Richardsons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porters_(TV_series)" title="Porters (TV series)">Porters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Question_Team" title="Question Team">Question Team</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Red Dwarf</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_Back_to_Earth" title="Red Dwarf: Back to Earth">Back to Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf_X" title="Red Dwarf X">Red Dwarf X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_The_Promised_Land" title="Red Dwarf: The Promised Land">The Promised Land</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sliced_(TV_series)" title="Sliced (TV series)">Sliced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taskmaster_(TV_series)" title="Taskmaster (TV series)">Taskmaster</a> (series 1 to 9)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undercover_(2015_TV_series)" title="Undercover (2015 TV series)">Undercover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unspun_with_Matt_Forde" title="Unspun with Matt Forde">Unspun with Matt Forde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapped_(TV_series)" title="Zapped (TV series)">Zapped</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grant_Naylor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grant_Naylor" title="Template:Grant Naylor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grant_Naylor" title="Template talk:Grant Naylor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grant_Naylor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grant Naylor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grant_Naylor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grant_Naylor" title="Grant Naylor">Grant Naylor</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Grant" title="Rob Grant">Rob Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Naylor" title="Doug Naylor">Doug Naylor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Red Dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_10%25ers" title="The 10%ers">The 10%ers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_Clich%C3%A9" title="Son of Cliché">Son of Cliché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrinkles_(radio_series)" title="Wrinkles (radio series)">Wrinkles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Dwarf:_Infinity_Welcomes_Careful_Drivers" title="Red Dwarf: Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers">Red Dwarf: Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_Than_Life" title="Better Than Life">Better Than Life</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rob Grant solo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Ages_(TV_series)" title="Dark Ages (TV series)">Dark Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Strangerers" title="The Strangerers">The Strangerers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backwards_(novel)" title="Backwards (novel)">Backwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_(Grant_novel)" title="Colony (Grant novel)">Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incompetence_(novel)" title="Incompetence (novel)">Incompetence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fat_(novel)" title="Fat (novel)">Fat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quanderhorn" title="Quanderhorn">Quanderhorn</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Marshall_(screenwriter)" title="Andrew Marshall (screenwriter)">Andrew Marshall</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Doug Naylor solo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Last_Human" title="Last Human">Last Human</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Chicken_Song" title="The Chicken Song">The Chicken Song</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Popular_Arts_Programming" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F9EFAA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:InternationalEmmyAward_Popular_Arts_Programming" title="Template:InternationalEmmyAward Popular Arts Programming"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:InternationalEmmyAward_Popular_Arts_Programming" title="Template talk:InternationalEmmyAward Popular Arts Programming"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:InternationalEmmyAward_Popular_Arts_Programming" title="Special:EditPage/Template:InternationalEmmyAward Popular Arts Programming"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Popular_Arts_Programming" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_International_Emmy_Award_winners#Popular_Arts" title="List of International Emmy Award winners">International Emmy Award for Outstanding Popular Arts Programming</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armchair_Theatre" title="Armchair Theatre">Armchair Theatre</a> (1968)</li> <li>No Award (1969–1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_cabina" title="La cabina">La cabina</a> (1973)</li> <li>No Award (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Evacuees" title="The Evacuees">The Evacuees</a> (1975)</li> <li>No Award (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford%27s_America" title="Henry Ford's America">Henry Ford's America</a> (1977)</li> <li>No Award (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_Little%27s_Christmas_Carol" title="Rich Little's Christmas Carol">Rich Little's Christmas Carol</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Not_the_Nine_O%27Clock_News" title="Not the Nine O'Clock News">Not the Nine O'Clock News</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinicius_para_Crian%C3%A7as_-_Arca_de_No%C3%A9" title="Vinicius para Crianças - Arca de Noé">Vinicius para Crianças - Arca de Noé</a> (1981)</li> <li>No Award (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Adder" title="The Black Adder">The Black Adder</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresh_Fields" title="Fresh Fields">Fresh Fields</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitting_Image" title="Spitting Image">Spitting Image</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitting_Image" title="Spitting Image">Spitting Image</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Statesman_(1987_TV_series)" title="The New Statesman (1987 TV series)">The New Statesman</a> (1987)</li> <li>No Award (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexei_Sayle%27s_Stuff" title="Alexei Sayle's Stuff">Alexei Sayle's Stuff</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Bean" title="Mr. Bean">Mr. Bean</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Curse_of_Mr._Bean" title="The Curse of Mr. Bean">The Curse of Mr. Bean</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drop_the_Dead_Donkey" title="Drop the Dead Donkey">Drop the Dead Donkey</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drop_the_Dead_Donkey" title="Drop the Dead Donkey">Drop the Dead Donkey</a> (1993)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Red Dwarf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous" title="Absolutely Fabulous">Absolutely Fabulous</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Forget_Your_Toothbrush" title="Don't Forget Your Toothbrush">Don't Forget Your Toothbrush</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_and_Gromit" class="mw-redirect" title="Wallace and Gromit">Wallace and Gromit</a> (1996)</li> <li>Liberg zappt (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Vicar_of_Dibley" title="The Vicar of Dibley">The Vicar of Dibley</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smack_the_Pony" title="Smack the Pony">Smack the Pony</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smack_the_Pony" title="Smack the Pony">Smack the Pony</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/So_Graham_Norton" title="So Graham Norton">So Graham Norton</a> (2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5902#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5902#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5902#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/185396301">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1151269476">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2010197832">United States</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/series/99590cac-0224-450d-b50e-d7f421e25afb">MusicBrainz series</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&oldid=1259223127">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red_Dwarf&oldid=1259223127</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Red_Dwarf" title="Category:Red Dwarf">Red Dwarf</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1988_British_television_series_debuts" title="Category:1988 British television series debuts">1988 British television series 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