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Available in 12 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="مالك بن دينار – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مالك بن دينار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="মালিক দীনার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মালিক দীনার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_Deenar" title="Malik Deenar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Malik Deenar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81lik_b._D%C4%ABn%C4%81r_as-Sami" title="Mālik b. Dīnār as-Sami – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mālik b. Dīnār as-Sami" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="मलिक दीनार – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मलिक दीनार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malik_bin_Dinar" title="Malik bin Dinar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Malik bin Dinar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC" title="മാലിക് ബിൻ ദീനാർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാലിക് ബിൻ ദീനാർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="مالک بن دینار – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مالک بن دینار" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maliq_bin_Dinar" title="Maliq bin Dinar – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Maliq bin Dinar" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="மாலிக் தினார் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாலிக் தினார்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A2lik_bin_D%C3%AEnar" title="Mâlik bin Dînar – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mâlik bin Dînar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malik_Deenar&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Malik Deenar">Malik Deenar</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Islamic missionary (d. 748)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the 14th century Delhi Sultanate general, see <a href="/wiki/Zafar_Khan_Malik_Dinar" title="Zafar Khan Malik Dinar">Zafar Khan Malik Dinar</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Mālik b. Dīnār, مالك بن دينار</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Malik_Dinar.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Malik_Dinar.JPG/220px-Malik_Dinar.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Malik_Dinar.JPG/330px-Malik_Dinar.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Malik_Dinar.JPG/440px-Malik_Dinar.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The grave adornment (Mazar) of Malik Dinar</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold;">Preacher, Theologian, Mystic, <a href="/wiki/Asceticism" title="Asceticism">Ascetic</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kufa" title="Kufa">Kufa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">748 C.E.<br />possibly <a href="/wiki/Thalangara" title="Thalangara">Thalangara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kasaragod" title="Kasaragod">Kasaragod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Major <a href="/wiki/Shrine" title="Shrine">shrine</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Malik_Dinar_Mosque" title="Malik Dinar Mosque">Malik Dinar Mosque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thalangara" title="Thalangara">Thalangara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kasaragod" title="Kasaragod">Kasaragod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Influences</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ali" title="Ali">Ali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hasan_al-Basri" title="Hasan al-Basri">Hasan al-Basri</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks collapsible"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="font-size:88%; line-height:200%;"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span class="nobold">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Islam" title="Category:Islam">a series</a> on <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></span></span><br /><span style="font-size:200%;"><a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani,_Baghdad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg/200px-Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg/300px-Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg/400px-Tomb_of_Abdul_Qadir_Jilani%2C_Baghdad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div class="sidebar-caption">Tomb of <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Qadir_Gilani" title="Abdul Qadir Gilani">Abdul Qadir Gilani</a>, Baghdad, Iraq</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Ideas</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdal" title="Abdal">Abdal</a></li> <li><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar-Latn" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Al-Ins%C4%81n_al-K%C4%81mil" title="Al-Insān al-Kāmil">Al-Insān al-Kāmil</a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baqaa" title="Baqaa">Baqaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dervish" title="Dervish">Dervish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhawq" title="Dhawq">Dhawq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fakir" title="Fakir">Fakir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fana_(Sufism)" title="Fana (Sufism)">Fana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_(Sufism)" title="Hal (Sufism)">Hal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haqiqa" title="Haqiqa">Haqiqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ihsan" title="Ihsan">Ihsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irfan" title="Irfan">Irfan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishq" title="Ishq">Ishq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karamat" title="Karamat">Karamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashf" title="Kashf">Kashf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lataif-e-Sitta" title="Lataif-e-Sitta">Lataif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manzil" title="Manzil">Manzil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27rifa" title="Ma'rifa">Ma'rifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maqam_(Sufism)" title="Maqam (Sufism)">Maqam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murid" title="Murid">Murid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murshid" title="Murshid">Murshid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nafs" title="Nafs">Nafs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C5%ABr_(Islam)" title="Nūr (Islam)">Nūr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalandar_(title)" title="Qalandar (title)">Qalandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qutb" title="Qutb">Qutb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silsila" title="Silsila">Silsila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_cosmology" title="Sufi cosmology">Sufi cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_metaphysics" title="Sufi metaphysics">Sufi metaphysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_philosophy" title="Sufi philosophy">Sufi philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_poetry" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufi poetry">Sufi poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_psychology" title="Sufi psychology">Sufi psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salik" title="Salik">Salik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tazkiah" class="mw-redirect" title="Tazkiah">Tazkiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wali" title="Wali">Wali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaqeen" title="Yaqeen">Yaqeen</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasheed" title="Nasheed">Anasheed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhikr" title="Dhikr">Dhikr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ha%E1%B8%8Dra" title="Haḍra">Haḍra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muraqabah" title="Muraqabah">Muraqabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qawwali" title="Qawwali">Qawwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sama_(Sufism)" title="Sama (Sufism)">Sama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_whirling" title="Sufi whirling">Whirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziyarat" title="Ziyarat">Ziyarat</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Tariqa" title="Tariqa">Sufi orders</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alians" title="Alians">Alians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_%27Alawiyya" title="Ba 'Alawiyya">Ba 'Alawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bektashi_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Bektashi Order">Bektashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qadiriyya" title="Qadiriyya">Qadiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chishti_Order" title="Chishti Order">Chishti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naqshbandi" title="Naqshbandi">Naqshbandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadhili" title="Shadhili">Shadhili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suhrawardiyya" title="Suhrawardiyya">Suhrawardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifa%60i" class="mw-redirect" title="Rifa`i">Rifa`i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalwati_order" title="Khalwati order">Khalwati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahmaniyya" title="Rahmaniyya">Rahmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badawiyya" title="Badawiyya">Badawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desuqiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Desuqiyya">Desuqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tijaniyyah" title="Tijaniyyah">Tijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darqawiyya" title="Darqawiyya">Darqawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idrisiyya" title="Idrisiyya">Idrisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senusiyya" title="Senusiyya">Senusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayramiye" title="Bayramiye">Bayrami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jelveti" title="Jelveti">Jelveti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maizbhandari" title="Maizbhandari">Maizbhandari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malamatiyya" title="Malamatiyya">Malamati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouride" title="Mouride">Mouridi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleymanc%C4%B1lar" title="Süleymancılar">Sülaymaniyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salihiyya" title="Salihiyya">Salihiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azeemiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Azeemiyya">Azeemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubrawiya" title="Kubrawiya">Kubrawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mevlevi_Order" title="Mevlevi Order">Mevlevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shattari" class="mw-redirect" title="Shattari">Shattari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwaisi" title="Uwaisi">Uwaisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurufism" title="Hurufism">Hurufi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%27matull%C4%81h%C4%AB" title="Ni'matullāhī">Ni'matullāhī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuqtavi" title="Nuqtavi">Nuqtavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalandariyya" title="Qalandariyya">Qalandari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safavid_order" title="Safavid order">Safavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zahabiya" title="Zahabiya">Zahabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akbariyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Akbariyya">Akbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galibi_Order" title="Galibi Order">Galibi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haqqani_Anjuman" title="Haqqani Anjuman">Haqqani Anjuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inayati_Order" title="Inayati Order">Inayati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aissawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Aissawa">Issawiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerrahi" title="Jerrahi">Jerrahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madariyya" title="Madariyya">Madari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahdavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahdavia">Mahdavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noorbakshia_Islam" title="Noorbakshia Islam">Noorbakshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zahediyeh" title="Zahediyeh">Zahedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zikri" class="mw-redirect" title="Zikri">Zikri</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">List of sufis</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sufi_saints" title="List of Sufi saints">Notable early</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sufis" title="List of Sufis">Notable modern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sufi_singers" title="List of Sufi singers">Singers</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Topics in Sufism</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">Tawhid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariqa" title="Tariqa">Tariqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haqiqa" title="Haqiqa">Haqiqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27rifa" title="Ma'rifa">Ma'rifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sufi_art" title="Category:Sufi art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sufism" title="History of Sufism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_music" title="Sufi music">Sufi music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Sufis" title="Persecution of Sufis">Persecution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziyarat" title="Ziyarat">Ziyarat</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/27px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/54px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sufism" title="Template:Sufism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sufism" title="Template talk:Sufism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sufism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sufism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Malik Dinar</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مالك دينار</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Mālik b. Dīnār</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a>: മാലിക് ദീനാര്‍) (died 748 CE)<sup id="cite_ref-Hujwiri_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hujwiri-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a Muslim scholar and traveller. He was one of the first known <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> to have come to <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> in order to teach <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Subcontinent" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Subcontinent">Indian Subcontinent</a> after the departure of King <a href="/wiki/Thajuddin" title="Thajuddin">Cheraman Perumal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fihrist_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fihrist-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even though historians do not agree on the exact place of his death, it is widely accepted that he died at Kasaragod and that his relics were buried at the <a href="/wiki/Malik_Dinar_Mosque" title="Malik Dinar Mosque">Malik Dinar Mosque</a> in <a href="/wiki/Thalangara" title="Thalangara">Thalangara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kasaragod" title="Kasaragod">Kasaragod</a>. Belonging to the generation of the <i><a href="/wiki/Tabi%27i" class="mw-redirect" title="Tabi'i">tabi'i</a></i>, Malik is called a reliable traditionalist in Sunni sources. He was the son of a slave from <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a> who became a disciple of <a href="/wiki/Hasan_al-Basri" title="Hasan al-Basri">Hasan al-Basri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hujwiri_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hujwiri-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fihrist_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fihrist-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He died just before the epidemic of plague which caused considerable ravages in <a href="/wiki/Basra" title="Basra">Basra</a> in 748-49 CE, with various traditions placing his death either at 744-45 or 747-48 CE.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malik_Dinar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Malik, a preacher and moralist of <a href="/wiki/Basra" title="Basra">Basra</a>, made a living as a teacher and translator of the <a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and seems to have been interested in the question of the various <a href="/wiki/Qira%27at" title="Qira'at">readings</a> of the scripture.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his life, Malik had the occasion to follow more or less regularly the teaching of Basran traditionists and mystics as famous as <a href="/wiki/Anas_ibn_Malik" title="Anas ibn Malik">Anas b. Mālik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Sirin" title="Ibn Sirin">Ibn Sīrīn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hasan_al_Basri" class="mw-redirect" title="Hasan al Basri">Hasan of Basra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rabia_Basri" title="Rabia Basri">Rabīʿa al-ʿAdawiyya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was considered to have led an <a href="/wiki/Ascetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascetic">ascetic</a> life himself, and tradition attributed to him several <a href="/wiki/Thaumaturgy" title="Thaumaturgy">thaumaturgic</a> gifts and miracles, including the ability to walk on water. He seems, moreover, to have been "a most eloquent <i><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%B2%C4%81%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Ḳāṣṣ">ḳāṣṣ</a></i>"<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or popular orator of religious sermons who admired, in particular, the eloquence of his contemporary al-Ḥaj̲j̲āj̲ "whom he naturally could see at Baṣra."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Faqih" title="Ibn al-Faqih">Ibn al-Faḳīh</a>, "he brought honour to his native town because he was accounted one of the six Baṣrans who were without equals at Kūfa."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later scholars ranging from <a href="/wiki/Abu_Nu%60aym" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Nu`aym"> Abū Nuʿaym</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to <a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Jawzi" title="Ibn al-Jawzi">Ibn al-Jawzī</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reproduce "whole hosts" of proverbial sayings from him,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which clearly reflect the extent to which Malik continued to influence Sunni thinkers of all types. According to Pellat, the explicit articulation of the <a href="/wiki/Sufi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufi">Sufi</a> ideal of the "inner <i>jihad</i>" (the war against one's own soul), also finds its original formulation in Malik, who is believed to have said <i>d̲j̲āhidū ahwāʾakum kamā tud̲j̲āhidūn aʿdāʾakum</i> (“fight against your desires just as you fight against your enemies”),<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in a maxim that would wield considerable influence upon Islamic mystics through the medieval period. Malik also seems to have had an appreciation for the Christian religion, and may have even read parts of the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> for spiritual inspiration in imitating the example of <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malik_Dinar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malik_Deenar_Juma_Masjid.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Malik_Deenar_Juma_Masjid.jpg/220px-Malik_Deenar_Juma_Masjid.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Malik_Deenar_Juma_Masjid.jpg/330px-Malik_Deenar_Juma_Masjid.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Malik_Deenar_Juma_Masjid.jpg/440px-Malik_Deenar_Juma_Masjid.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="338" /></a><figcaption>View of the Malik Deenar Mosque from the gate</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malik_Deenar_Islamic_Academy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malik Deenar Islamic Academy (page does not exist)">Malik Deenar Islamic Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malik_Deenar_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Malik Deenar Mosque">Malik Deenar Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malik_Deenar_Research_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malik Deenar Research Congress (page does not exist)">Malik Deenar Research Congress</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malik_Dinar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kerala" title="Islam in Kerala">Islam in Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mappila" class="mw-redirect" title="Mappila">Mappila</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malik_Dinar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ibn Ḳutayba, <i>Maʿārif</i>, 470, 577</li> <li>’Ibn Saʿd, <i>Ṭabaḳāt</i>, vii/2, 11</li> <li>Ṭabarī, iii, 281</li> <li>Abu ’l-ʿArab, <i>Ṭabaḳāt ʿulamāʾ Ifrīḳiya</i>, ed. and tr. M. Ben Cheneb, Algiers 1915-20, 17</li> <li>Makkī, <i>Ḳūt al-ḳulūb</i>, iv, 187</li> <li>Nawawī, <i>Tahd̲h̲īb</i>, 537</li> <li>Pellat, <i>Milieu</i>, 99-100, 257.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malik_Dinar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Dhahabi, Siyar a`lam al-nubala', vol. 5, p. 362.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hujwiri-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hujwiri_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hujwiri_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Hujwiri, "Kashf al-Mahjoob", 89</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fihrist-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fihrist_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fihrist_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibn Nadim, "Fihrist", 1037</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120113222932/http://malikdeenarmasjid.com/history.html#content">"History"</a>. Malik Deenar Grand Juma Masjid. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malikdeenarmasjid.com/history.html#content">the original</a> on 13 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=Malik+Deenar+Grand+Juma+Masjid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmalikdeenarmasjid.com%2Fhistory.html%23content&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalik+Dinar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i>, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibn al-D̲j̲azarī, <i>Ṭabaḳāt al-ḳurrāʾ</i> , ii, 36</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Buldān</i> , 190, tr. Massé, 231, cited in Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ḥilyat al-awliyāʾ</i> , ii, 357-89</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ṣifat al-ṣafwa</i> , Ḥaydarābād 1356, iii, 197-209</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and 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class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/18px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/28px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/36px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Iraq" title="Portal:Iraq">Iraq</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/21px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/42px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sufism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:gold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:100%; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sufi" title="Template:Sufi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sufi" title="Template talk:Sufi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sufi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sufi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sufism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:100%; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sufi_orders" title="List of Sufi orders">Sufi orders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Qadiriyya" title="Qadiriyya">Qadiriyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Abdul_Qadir_Gilani" title="Abdul Qadir Gilani">'Abd al-Qadir al-Gilani</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Naqshbandiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Naqshbandiyya">Naqshbandiyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Baha%27_al-Din_Naqshband" title="Baha' al-Din Naqshband">Baha' al-Din Naqshband</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chishtiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Chishtiyya">Chishtiyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Mu%27in_al-Din_Chishti" title="Mu'in al-Din Chishti">Mu'in al-Din Chishti</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Suhrawardiyya" title="Suhrawardiyya">Suhrawardiyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Shihab_al-Din_%27Umar_al-Suhrawardi" title="Shihab al-Din 'Umar al-Suhrawardi">Shihab al-Din 'Umar al-Suhrawardi</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rifa%27iyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Rifa'iyya">Rifa'iyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Ahmad_al-Rifa%27i" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmad al-Rifa'i">Ahmad al-Rifa'i</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Badawiyya" title="Badawiyya">Badawiyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Ahmad_al-Badawi" title="Ahmad al-Badawi">Ahmad al-Badawi</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Desuqiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Desuqiyya">Desuqiyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_al-Desuqi" title="Ibrahim al-Desuqi">Ibrahim al-Desuqi</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Shadhiliyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Shadhiliyya">Shadhiliyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Abu_al-Hasan_al-Shadhili" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili">Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Akbariyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Akbariyya">Akbariyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Ibn_Arabi" title="Ibn Arabi">Ibn Arabi</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Khalwatiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Khalwatiyya">Khalwatiyya</a></b> <small>('Umar al-Khalwati)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rahmaniyya" title="Rahmaniyya">Rahmaniyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Sidi_M%27hamed_Bou_Qobrine" title="Sidi M'hamed Bou Qobrine">Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Rahman al-Azhari</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bayramiyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayramiyya">Bayramiyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Bayram_Wali" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayram Wali">Bayram Wali</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ba_%27Alawiyya" title="Ba 'Alawiyya">Ba 'Alawiyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Faqih_al-Muqaddam" title="Muhammad al-Faqih al-Muqaddam">Muhammad ibn 'Ali Ba 'Alawi</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tijaniyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Tijaniyya">Tijaniyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Ahmad_al-Tijani" title="Ahmad al-Tijani">Ahmad al-Tijani</a>)</small></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Idrisiyya" title="Idrisiyya">Idrisiyya</a></b> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Ahmad_ibn_Idris_al-Fasi" title="Ahmad ibn Idris al-Fasi">Ahmad ibn Idris al-Fasi</a>)</small></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maghribi_Kufic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Maghribi_Kufic.jpg/150px-Maghribi_Kufic.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Maghribi_Kufic.jpg/225px-Maghribi_Kufic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Maghribi_Kufic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="328" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:100%; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa;;width:1%">Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhikr" title="Dhikr">Dhikr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ha%E1%B8%8Dra" title="Haḍra">Haḍra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asceticism" title="Asceticism">Zuhd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziyarat" title="Ziyarat">Ziyarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawlid" title="Mawlid">Mawlid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muraqabah" title="Muraqabah">Muraqabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taqwa" title="Taqwa">Taqwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tazkiyah" title="Tazkiyah">Tazkiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawassul" title="Tawassul">Tawassul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barakah" title="Barakah">Tabarruk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawakkul" title="Tawakkul">Tawakkul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:100%; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa;;width:1%">Ideas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ihsan" title="Ihsan">Ihsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wajd" title="Wajd">Wajd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashf" title="Kashf">Kashf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karamat" title="Karamat">Karamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C5%ABr_(Islam)" title="Nūr (Islam)">Nūr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhawq" title="Dhawq">Dhawq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishq" title="Ishq">Ishq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murid" title="Murid">Murid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salik" title="Salik">Salik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_studies" title="Sufi studies">Sufi studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_poetry" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufi poetry">Sufi poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_philosophy" title="Sufi philosophy">Sufi philosophy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:100%; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sufi_literature" title="Sufi literature">Sufi literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Risala_al-Qushayriyya" title="Al-Risala al-Qushayriyya">Al-Risala al-Qushayriyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilyat_al-Awliya%27" title="Hilyat al-Awliya'">Hilyat al-Awliya'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashf_al-Mahjub" title="Kashf al-Mahjub">Kashf al-Mahjub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Alchemy_of_Happiness" title="The Alchemy of Happiness">The Alchemy of Happiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Revival_of_the_Religious_Sciences" title="The Revival of the Religious Sciences">The Revival of the Religious Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Burda" title="Al-Burda">Al-Burda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dala%27il_al-Khayrat" title="Dala'il al-Khayrat">Dala'il al-Khayrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazail-e-Amaal" title="Fazail-e-Amaal">Fadha'il al-'Amal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:100%; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sufis" title="List of Sufis">Notable Sufis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd AH/8th AD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hasan_al-Basri" title="Hasan al-Basri">Al-Hasan al-Basri</a> (d. 110 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malik_ibn_Dinar" class="mw-redirect" title="Malik ibn Dinar">Malik ibn Dinar</a> (d. 128 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_ibn_Adham" title="Ibrahim ibn Adham">Ibrahim ibn Adham</a> (d. 160 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufyan_al-Thawri" title="Sufyan al-Thawri">Sufyan al-Thawri</a> (d. 161 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawud_al-Ta%27i" title="Dawud al-Ta'i">Dawud al-Ta'i</a> (d. 165 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Wahid_ibn_Zaid" title="Abd al-Wahid ibn Zaid">'Abd al-Wahid ibn Zaid</a> (d. 177 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabia_of_Basra" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabia of Basra">Rabi'a al-'Adawiyya</a> (d. 180 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Mubarak" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn al-Mubarak">Ibn al-Mubarak</a> (d. 181 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Fudayl_ibn_%27Iyad" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Fudayl ibn 'Iyad">Al-Fudayl ibn 'Iyad</a> (d. 188 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaqiq_al-Balkhi" title="Shaqiq al-Balkhi">Shaqiq al-Balkhi</a> (d. 194 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27ruf_al-Karkhi" title="Ma'ruf al-Karkhi">Ma'ruf al-Karkhi</a> (d. 200 AH)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd AH/9th AD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Darani" title="Al-Darani">Al-Darani</a> (d. 205 or 215 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishr_al-Hafi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishr al-Hafi">Bishr al-Hafi</a> (d. 227 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Harith_al-Muhasibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Harith al-Muhasibi">Al-Harith al-Muhasibi</a> (d. 243 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhul-Nun_al-Misri" title="Dhul-Nun al-Misri">Dhul-Nun al-Misri</a> (d. 245 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sari_al-Saqati" title="Sari al-Saqati">Sari al-Saqati</a> (d. 253 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahya_ibn_Mu%27adh_al-Razi" title="Yahya ibn Mu'adh al-Razi">Yahya ibn Mu'adh al-Razi</a> (d. 258 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sa%27id_al-Kharraz" title="Abu Sa'id al-Kharraz">Abu Sa'id al-Kharraz</a> (d. 277 or 286 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahl_al-Tustari" title="Sahl al-Tustari">Sahl al-Tustari</a> (d. 283 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hakim_al-Tirmidhi" title="Al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi">Al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi</a> (d. 295 or 320 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_al-Husain_al-Nuri" title="Abu al-Husain al-Nuri">Abu al-Husain al-Nuri</a> (d. 295 AH)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th AH/10th AD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruwaym" title="Ruwaym">Ruwaym</a> (d. 303 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Shibli" title="Abu Bakr al-Shibli">Abu Bakr al-Shibli</a> (d. 334 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Talib_al-Makki" title="Abu Talib al-Makki">Abu Talib al-Makki</a> (d. 386 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Kalabadhi" title="Abu Bakr al-Kalabadhi">Abu Bakr al-Kalabadhi</a> (d. 380 AH)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #FFE4E1">Sufi leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saladin" title="Saladin">Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi</a> (d. 589 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kb%C3%B6ri" title="Gökböri">Muzaffar al-Din Gökböri</a> (d. 630 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_Abu_al-Haggag" title="Yusuf Abu al-Haggag">Yusuf Abu al-Haggag</a> (d. 642 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehmed_II" title="Mehmed II">Muhammad al-Fateh</a> (d. 886 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurangzeb" title="Aurangzeb">Aurangzeb</a> (d. 1118 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazl-e-Haq_Khairabadi" title="Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi">Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi</a> (d. 1277 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahadur_Shah_Zafar" title="Bahadur Shah Zafar">Bahadur Shah Zafar</a> (d. 1278 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imam_Shamil" title="Imam Shamil">Imam Shamil</a> (d. 1287 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emir_Abdelkader" title="Emir Abdelkader">Emir Abdel-Kader</a> (d. 1300 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ahmad" title="Muhammad Ahmad">Muhammad Ahmad</a> (d. 1302/1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_al-Mukhtar" title="Omar al-Mukhtar">Omar al-Mukhtar</a> (d. 1350 AH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izz_ad-Din_al-Qassam" title="Izz ad-Din al-Qassam">'Izz al-Din al-Qassam</a> (d. 1354 AH)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:gold; white-space:nowrap; font-size:100%; text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #aaa;"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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