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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Taner Akçam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80_%D4%B1%D6%84%D5%B9%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Թաներ Աքչամ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Թաներ Աքչամ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tan%C9%99r_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Tanər Akçam – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tanər Akçam" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%81_%CE%91%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%83%CE%AC%CE%BC" title="Τανέρ Ακτσάμ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τανέρ Ακτσάμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1_%D8%A2%DA%A9%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%85" title="تانر آکچام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تانر آکچام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80_%D4%B1%D6%84%D5%B9%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Թաներ Աքչամ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թաներ Աքչամ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B4%D9%85" title="تانار اكشم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تانار اكشم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BC,_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Акчам, Танер – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Акчам, Танер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="Taner Akçam – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Taner Akçam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q559228#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am" title="View the 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biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Taner Akçam</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Taner_Ak%C3%A7am.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am.PNG/220px-Taner_Ak%C3%A7am.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am.PNG/330px-Taner_Ak%C3%A7am.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Taner_Ak%C3%A7am.PNG 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="472" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Akçam in Toronto, 2013</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1953<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtstart bday">1953</span>)</span> (age <span class="currentage"></span>71)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Ölçek, <a href="/wiki/Ardahan_Province" title="Ardahan Province">Ardahan Province</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">German</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Technical_University" title="Middle East Technical University">Middle East Technical University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Historian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Discussion of <a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a>, 1977 imprisonment</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Altuğ Taner Akçam</b> (born 1953) is a <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Germany" title="Turks in Germany">Turkish-German</a> historian<sup id="cite_ref-Clark170608_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clark170608-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology">sociologist</a>. During the 1990s, he was the first Turkish scholar to acknowledge the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015140–141_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015140–141-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has written several books on the genocide, such as <i><a href="/wiki/A_Shameful_Act" title="A Shameful Act">A Shameful Act</a></i> (1999), <i>From Empire to Republic: Turkish Nationalism and the Armenian Genocide</i> (2004), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Turks%27_Crime_Against_Humanity" title="The Young Turks' Crime Against Humanity">The Young Turks' Crime Against Humanity</a></i> (2012), and <i><a href="/wiki/Killing_Orders" title="Killing Orders">Killing Orders</a></i> (2018). He is recognized as a "leading international authority" on the subject.<sup id="cite_ref-splcenter.org_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-splcenter.org-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Akçam's frequent participation in public debates on the legacy of the genocide have been compared to <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Adorno" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodor Adorno">Theodor Adorno</a>'s role in postwar Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Akçam argues for an attempt to reconcile the differing Armenian and Turkish narratives of the genocide, and to move away from the behaviour which uses those narratives to support national stereotypes, saying: "We have to re-think the problem and place both societies in the centre of our analysis. This change of paradigm should focus on creating a new cultural space that includes both societies, a space in which both sides have the chance to learn from each other."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2></div> <p>Akçam was born in <a href="/wiki/%C3%96l%C3%A7ek,_Ardahan" title="Ölçek, Ardahan">Ölçek</a> village near <a href="/wiki/Ardahan" title="Ardahan">Ardahan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> to Dursun and Perihan Akçam.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His family are of <a href="/wiki/Meskhetian_Turks" title="Meskhetian Turks">Turkish Meskhetian</a> origin.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Akçam has stated that he was raised in "a very secular family," with his father being an <a href="/wiki/Atheist" class="mw-redirect" title="Atheist">atheist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He studied economics at the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Technical_University" title="Middle East Technical University">Middle East Technical University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>, and graduated in 1976. In 1974, Akçam was arrested for participating in student protests against the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish invasion of Cyprus">Turkish invasion of Cyprus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-times180808_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times180808-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1975 he was arrested for distributing leaflets and placing posters around the city. (Akçam notes that "one had to obtain permission from what is now called the Security General Directorate's Special Inspection Branch Directorate for the Associations, and that even with a special permit in hand, one could be arbitrarily arrested and apprehended at police headquarters for 3–5 days."<sup id="cite_ref-holdwater_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holdwater-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </p><p>On March 9, 1976, soon after graduating from university, while a <a href="/wiki/Graduate_student" class="mw-redirect" title="Graduate student">graduate student</a> at the same department, he was arrested for his involvement in producing a student journal that focused on the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Turkey" title="Kurds in Turkey">Kurds in Turkey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-schilling_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schilling-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-montreal_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-montreal-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Devrimci Gençlik</i> (Revolutionary Youth)<sup id="cite_ref-devrim76_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-devrim76-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-iletisim_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iletisim-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-stthom_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stthom-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CSUFresno_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSUFresno-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mershon_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mershon-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the journal of a radical leftist organization,<sup id="cite_ref-CDI08_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDI08-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Munro90_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munro90-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kemal06_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kemal06-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Devrimci_Yol" title="Devrimci Yol">Devrimci Yol</a></i> ("Revolutionary Path").<sup id="cite_ref-Karpat1975_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Karpat1975-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Akçam explained that he accepted the editorship position, aged 22, as none of his peers would, knowing that it could land him in jail.<sup id="cite_ref-dundar_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dundar-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His fears materialized when he received a nine-year sentence in early 1977, which resulted in <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> naming him as a <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_conscience" title="Prisoner of conscience">prisoner of conscience</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-montreal_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-montreal-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served for a year before escaping from Ankara Central Prison on March 12, 1977,<sup id="cite_ref-schilling_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schilling-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-iletisim_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iletisim-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dundar_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dundar-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> using the leg of an iron stove to dig a hole.<sup id="cite_ref-NewYorker08_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewYorker08-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He received political asylum from <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a> in 1978, where he obtained citizenship and resided until obtaining his doctorate degree in 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-schilling_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schilling-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-montreal_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-montreal-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-latimes_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latimes-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-harvard_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvard-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_career">Academic career</h2></div> <p>In August 1988, Akçam began work as a research scientist at the <a href="/wiki/Hamburg_Institute_for_Social_Research" title="Hamburg Institute for Social Research">Hamburg Institute for Social Research</a> following an invitation from Iranian scholar Hadi Ressesade.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015139–140_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015139–140-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hamburg_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hamburg-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ressesade, who was studying <a href="/wiki/Torture_in_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Torture in Iran">torture in Iran</a>, proposed that Akçam could do a study on <a href="/wiki/Torture_in_Turkey" title="Torture in Turkey">torture in Turkey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015139–140_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015139–140-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Akçam decided to study Armenians after meeting a German librarian of <a href="/wiki/Lebanese-Armenian" class="mw-redirect" title="Lebanese-Armenian">Lebanese-Armenian</a> origin, who urged him to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015140_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015140-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1991, he organized a workshop on the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_courts-martial_of_1919%E2%80%931920" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish courts-martial of 1919–1920">Ottoman Military Tribunal</a> that judged the crimes of the Armenian genocide.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015140–141_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015140–141-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later recalled, "As I progressed in my readings of <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_II" title="Abdul Hamid II">Abdul Hamid</a>’s <a href="/wiki/Hamidian_massacres" title="Hamidian massacres">massacres</a>, I thought to myself: I know the history of the French Revolution, of Russia in 1917, of Chinese Communism, but I do not know Turkish history."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015141_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015141-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Akçam was initially reluctant to use the word "genocide" for anti-Armenian violence, because "by qualifying it a genocide you become a member of a collective associated to a crime, not any crime but to the ultimate crime".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015142_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015142-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He received his PhD from <a href="/wiki/Leibniz_University_Hannover" title="Leibniz University Hannover">Leibniz University Hannover</a> with a dissertation titled, <i>Turkish Nationalism and the Armenian Genocide: On the Background of the Military Tribunals in Istanbul between 1919 and 1922</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-clark_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clark-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015142_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015142-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Akçam is a former student of fellow genocide scholar, <a href="/wiki/Vahakn_Dadrian" title="Vahakn Dadrian">Vahakn Dadrian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dadrian_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dadrian-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1997, a Dutch documentary titled "Een Muur van Stilte" (A Wall of Silence), written and directed by Dorothée Forma of the Humanist Broadcasting Foundation (<a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>: <i lang="nl">Humanistische Omroep Stichting</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-omroep_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-omroep-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was made about their academic relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-omroep2_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-omroep2-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Akçam was Visiting Associate Professor of History at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">University of Minnesota</a>, United States before joining <a href="/wiki/Clark_University" title="Clark University">Clark University</a>'s Strassler Family Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies.<sup id="cite_ref-Clark170608_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clark170608-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Hrant_Dink" title="Assassination of Hrant Dink">assassination of Hrant Dink</a> in 2007, Akçam attended <a href="/wiki/Hrant_Dink" title="Hrant Dink">Dink</a>'s funeral in <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>. According to the <i><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligence Report">Intelligence Report</a></i>, the journal of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center" title="Southern Poverty Law Center">Southern Poverty Law Center</a>, </p> <blockquote><p>Dink's friend and ideological ally Taner Akçam, a distinguished Turkish historian and sociologist on the faculty of the University of Minnesota's Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies, attended Dink's funeral in Turkey, despite the considerable risk to his own life. Akçam, a leading international authority on the Armenian genocide, was marked for death by Turkish ultranationalists following the November 2006 publication of his book <i><a href="/wiki/A_Shameful_Act:_The_Armenian_Genocide_and_The_Question_of_Turkish_Responsibility" class="mw-redirect" title="A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and The Question of Turkish Responsibility">A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and The Question of Turkish Responsibility</a></i>. The book is a definitive history based in large part on official documents from Turkish government archives.<sup id="cite_ref-splcenter.org_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-splcenter.org-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In 2008, when Akçam's appointment as the chairman of <a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a> studies at <a href="/wiki/Clark_University" title="Clark University">Clark University</a> was questioned by local Turks as biased, Deborah Dwork, director of the <a href="/wiki/Clark_University#Research_centers_and_institutes" title="Clark University">Strassler Family Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies at Clark</a>, said that "ethnic or religious identity is not crucial to any appointment," and that "they hire the best scholars in the pool".<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 29 January 2020, French President <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> awarded Akçam the <a href="/wiki/Honour_medal_for_courage_and_devotion" title="Honour medal for courage and devotion">medal for courage</a> for "denouncing denial" of the Armenian genocide.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_disputes">Legal disputes</h2></div> <p>In January 2007, the Turkish government officially launched an investigation against Akçam regarding an October 6, 2006, newspaper column in the Turkish-Armenian journal <i><a href="/wiki/Agos" title="Agos">Agos</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In it Akçam criticized the prosecution of <i>Agos</i> managing editor <a href="/wiki/Hrant_Dink" title="Hrant Dink">Hrant Dink</a> for using the term "genocide", regarding the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a>. The use of the term was construed by the prosecutor's office as the criminal offense of "insulting Turkishness" under <a href="/wiki/Article_301" class="mw-redirect" title="Article 301">Article 301</a> of Turkey's penal code.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Highlighting the term "genocide", Akçam declared himself an accessory to the charges against Hrant Dink, and urged readers to join in Dink's support. Later in January 2007 an Istanbul court decided not to pursue the charges against Akçam.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Akçam faced harassment after discovering the identity of the creator of the Web site <i>Tall Armenian Tale</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-holdwater_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holdwater-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-juancole_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-juancole-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which had called Akçam a "<a href="/wiki/Turncoat" title="Turncoat">turncoat</a>" and posted his personal information.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fearing reprisals after the assassination of <a href="/wiki/Hrant_Dink" title="Hrant Dink">Hrant Dink</a>, Akçam entreated the Coordination Council of Armenian Organisations in France and <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">president Sarkozy</a> to pressure Ankara to protect him.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 16, 2007 Akçam was detained in Canada at the <a href="/wiki/Montr%C3%A9al-Pierre_Elliott_Trudeau_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport">airport in Montreal</a> for nearly four hours after arriving on a flight from the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-fisk_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fisk-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was due to give a lecture at the invitation of the <a href="/wiki/McGill_University" title="McGill University">McGill University</a> Faculty of Law and <a href="/wiki/Concordia_University_(Quebec)" class="mw-redirect" title="Concordia University (Quebec)">Concordia University</a>. In explaining his detention, Taner Akçam says that Canadian authorities referred to an inaccurate version of his biography on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> from around December 24, 2006, which called him a terrorist.<sup id="cite_ref-fisk_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fisk-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 18, 2007 he was also detained at the US border and has been so far unable to find out the reason for his being detained there.<sup id="cite_ref-fisk_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fisk-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While on a lecture tour in 2007 he faced further harassment by persons turning up and disrupting his speaking engagements.<sup id="cite_ref-juancole_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-juancole-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Wikipedia biography was altered as part of an internet campaign against him by the website "Tall Armenian Tale".<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2011, Akçam won a judgment in the <a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="European Court of Human Rights">European Court of Human Rights</a>, which ruled that the Turkish laws against "denigrating Turkishness" were a violation of freedom of expression.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Killing_Orders:_Talat_Pasha%E2%80%99s_Telegrams_and_the_Armenian_Genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="Killing Orders: Talat Pasha’s Telegrams and the Armenian Genocide">Killing Orders: Talat Pasha’s Telegrams and the Armenian Genocide</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAkçamKurt2017" class="citation book cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Akçam, Taner</a>; <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cmit_Kurt_(historian)" title="Ümit Kurt (historian)">Kurt, Ümit</a> (November 1, 2017). <i>The Spirit of the Laws: The Plunder of Wealth in the Armenian Genocide</i>. <a href="/wiki/Berghahn_Books" title="Berghahn Books">Berghahn Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78238-624-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78238-624-7"><bdi>978-1-78238-624-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spirit+of+the+Laws%3A+The+Plunder+of+Wealth+in+the+Armenian+Genocide&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2017-11-01&rft.isbn=978-1-78238-624-7&rft.aulast=Ak%C3%A7am&rft.aufirst=Taner&rft.au=Kurt%2C+%C3%9Cmit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Taner Akçam (2012) <i><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Turks%27_Crime_Against_Humanity:_The_Armenian_Genocide_and_Ethnic_Cleansing_in_the_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="The Young Turks' Crime Against Humanity: The Armenian Genocide and Ethnic Cleansing in the Ottoman Empire">The Young Turks' Crime Against Humanity: The Armenian Genocide and Ethnic Cleansing in the Ottoman Empire</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-069-11-5333-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-069-11-5333-9">978-069-11-5333-9</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAkçam2008" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Akçam, Taner (January 2008). <i>Ermeni Meselesi Hallolunmuştur</i> (in Turkish). İletişim. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-975-05-0562-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-975-05-0562-1"><bdi>978-975-05-0562-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ermeni+Meselesi+Hallolunmu%C5%9Ftur&rft.pub=%C4%B0leti%C5%9Fim&rft.date=2008-01&rft.isbn=978-975-05-0562-1&rft.aulast=Ak%C3%A7am&rft.aufirst=Taner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span> (The Armenian Issue is Resolved)<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Taner Akçam (May 16, 2006) <i><a href="/wiki/A_Shameful_Act_:_The_Armenian_Genocide_and_the_Question_of_Turkish_Responsibility" class="mw-redirect" title="A Shameful Act : The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility">A Shameful Act : The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan Books">Metropolitan Books</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8050-7932-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8050-7932-7">0-8050-7932-7</a> (received the 2007 Minnesota Book Award for General Nonfiction.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li>Taner Akçam (Sep. 4, 2004) <i>From Empire to Republic : Turkish Nationalism and the Armenian Genocide</i>, Zed Books <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84277-527-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-84277-527-8">1-84277-527-8</a></li> <li><i>Dialogue across an international divide: Essays towards a Turkish-Armenian dialogue</i>, <a href="/wiki/Zoryan_Institute" title="Zoryan Institute">Zoryan Institute</a>, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-895485-03-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-895485-03-7">1-895485-03-7</a>; - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zoryaninstitute.org/Books/book_dialogue.htm">About the book and foreword</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Turkish)</span> <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nsan_haklar%C4%B1_ve_Ermeni_sorunu:_%C4%B0ttihat_ve_Terakki%27den_Kurtulu%C5%9F_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1%27na" class="mw-redirect" title="İnsan hakları ve Ermeni sorunu: İttihat ve Terakki'den Kurtuluş Savaşı'na">İnsan hakları ve Ermeni sorunu: İttihat ve Terakki'den Kurtuluş Savaşı'na</a></i>, İmge Kitabevi, 1. edition, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/975-533-246-4" title="Special:BookSources/975-533-246-4">975-533-246-4</a></li> <li><i>Rethinking Modernity and National Identity in Turkey</i>, Publications on the Near East, University of Washington, Sibel Bozdogan (Editor), University of Washington Press, July, 1997, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-295-97597-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-295-97597-0">0-295-97597-0</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in German)</span> <i>Armenien und der Völkermord: Die Istanbuler Prozesse und die türkische Nationalbewegung</i>, Hamburger Edition, 1. edition, 1996, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-930908-26-3" title="Special:BookSources/3-930908-26-3">3-930908-26-3</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Turkish)</span> <i>Siyasi kültürümüzde zulüm ve işkence (Araştırma-inceleme dizisi)</i>, İletişim Yayıncılık, 1. edition, 1992, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/975-470-249-7" title="Special:BookSources/975-470-249-7">975-470-249-7</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Clark170608-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clark170608_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clark170608_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080626230956/http://www.clarku.edu/offices/publicaffairs/news/press/articles/akcam2008.cfm">"Taner Akçam - scholar, author, ex-political prisoner, and courageous champion of civil liberties - joins the Strassler Center"</a> (Press release). Office of University Communications, Clark University. 2008-06-17. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clarku.edu/offices/publicaffairs/news/press/articles/akcam2008.cfm">the original</a> on 2008-06-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-02</span></span>. <q>Clark University has appointed prominent historian Taner Akçam to occupy the Robert Aram and Marianne Kaloosdian and Stephen and Marion Mugar Professorship in Armenian Genocide Studies</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Taner+Ak%C3%A7am+-+scholar%2C+author%2C+ex-political+prisoner%2C+and+courageous+champion+of+civil+liberties+-+joins+the+Strassler+Center&rft.pub=Office+of+University+Communications%2C+Clark+University&rft.date=2008-06-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clarku.edu%2Foffices%2Fpublicaffairs%2Fnews%2Fpress%2Farticles%2Fakcam2008.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015140–141-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015140–141_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015140–141_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCheterian2015">Cheterian 2015</a>, pp. 140–141.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Waal2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_de_Waal" title="Thomas de Waal">de Waal, Thomas</a> (2015). <i>Great Catastrophe: Armenians and Turks in the Shadow of Genocide</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 182. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-935069-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-935069-8"><bdi>978-0-19-935069-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Great+Catastrophe%3A+Armenians+and+Turks+in+the+Shadow+of+Genocide&rft.pages=182&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-19-935069-8&rft.aulast=de+Waal&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span><br /> • <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuny2009" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Grigor_Suny" title="Ronald Grigor Suny">Suny, Ronald Grigor</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2Fahr.114.4.930">"Truth in Telling: Reconciling Realities in the Genocide of the Ottoman Armenians"</a>. <i>The American Historical Review</i>. <b>114</b> (4): 938. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2Fahr.114.4.930">10.1086/ahr.114.4.930</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=Truth+in+Telling%3A+Reconciling+Realities+in+the+Genocide+of+the+Ottoman+Armenians&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=938&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2Fahr.114.4.930&rft.aulast=Suny&rft.aufirst=Ronald+Grigor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1086%252Fahr.114.4.930&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-splcenter.org-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-splcenter.org_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-splcenter.org_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">David Holthouse, <i><a href="/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center" title="Southern Poverty Law Center">Southern Poverty Law Center</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.splcenter.org/intel/intelreport/article.jsp?aid=935">State of Denial: Turkey Spends Millions to Cover Up Armenian Genocide</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100120144925/http://www.splcenter.org/intel/intelreport/article.jsp?aid=935">Archived</a> 2010-01-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Intelligence Report, Summer 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErbal2015" class="citation journal cs1">Erbal, Ayda (2015). "The Armenian Genocide, AKA the Elephant in the Room". <i>International Journal of Middle East Studies</i>. <b>47</b> (4): 783–790. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0020743815000987">10.1017/S0020743815000987</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162834123">162834123</a>. <q>Taner Akc¸am, for example, is a regular press contributor on a number of issues including but not limited to facing history. Although it is very difficult to assess their reach, we can safely say that, unfortunately, their popular writings are more widely read on a day-to-day basis than their academic work. In a way, this is reminiscent of Adorno's radio programs on dealing with the Past and his written contributions to [German newspapers]...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Middle+East+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Armenian+Genocide%2C+AKA+the+Elephant+in+the+Room&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=783-790&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0020743815000987&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162834123%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Erbal&rft.aufirst=Ayda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Akcam, 2004, p. 262.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120220072034/http://www.gariwo.net/eng_new/giusti/giusto.php?cod=164&categoria=163&sopra=158&sotto=163">"Gariwo: the gardens of the Righteous > Taner Akcam - 1953 [biography]"</a>. <i>gariwo.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gariwo.net/eng_new/giusti/giusto.php?cod=164&categoria=163&sopra=158&sotto=163">the original</a> on 2012-02-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-06-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gariwo.net&rft.atitle=Gariwo%3A+the+gardens+of+the+Righteous+%3E+Taner+Akcam+-+1953+%5Bbiography%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gariwo.net%2Feng_new%2Fgiusti%2Fgiusto.php%3Fcod%3D164%26categoria%3D163%26sopra%3D158%26sotto%3D163&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Şişli State Head Prosecutor, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chgs.umn.edu/histories/turkishArmenian/suspectStatement.pdf">Suspect’s Statement Form</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141015211308/http://chgs.umn.edu/histories/turkishArmenian/suspectStatement.pdf">Archived</a> 2014-10-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Investigation № 2006/49047.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHofmann2016" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tessa_Hofmann" title="Tessa Hofmann">Hofmann, Tessa</a> (2016). "Open Wounds: Armenians, Turks, and a Century of Genocide by Vicken Cheterian". <i>Histoire sociale/Social history</i>. <b>49</b> (100): 662–664. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fhis.2016.0046">10.1353/his.2016.0046</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:152278362">152278362</a>. <q>Regrettably, Cheterian does not fully reveal what made Zarakolu and Akςam exceptional challengers of taboos and groundbreakers against all ideological and generational odds. Maybe the reason why is that there is a familial tradition of rescuing victims, as in the case of Zarakolu? Or, perhaps belonging to an ethnic minority that experienced state persecution before, as in the case of Akςam whose background was Meskhetian?</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Histoire+sociale%2FSocial+history&rft.atitle=Open+Wounds%3A+Armenians%2C+Turks%2C+and+a+Century+of+Genocide+by+Vicken+Cheterian&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=100&rft.pages=662-664&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fhis.2016.0046&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A152278362%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Hofmann&rft.aufirst=Tessa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bizimanadolu.com/archives/haber/haber357.htm"><i>Taner Akçam'la "soykırım" üzerine</i></a>, Bizim Anadolu, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2020</span>, <q>(Gülerek) Herkes etnik kökenine bakıyor. Vallahi ben çok safkan bir Türküm. Ahıska Türkleri derler bize Kars'ta. Ve, bizim sülalemizden birilerinin Ermeni çeteleri tarafından öldürülmüş olabileceği ihtimali de oldukça kuvvetli. Ama bu tür şeyler benim için hiç önemli değil. Ben sonuçta bir akademisyenim ve bilim adamı olarak konuyu araştırıyorum.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Taner+Ak%C3%A7am%27la+%22soyk%C4%B1r%C4%B1m%22+%C3%BCzerine&rft.pub=Bizim+Anadolu&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbizimanadolu.com%2Farchives%2Fhaber%2Fhaber357.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lawandpolitics.com/minnesota/Is-It-Still-Genocide-if-Your-Allies-Did-It/cef7381e-fe46-102a-aeb9-000e0c6dcf76.html">Is It Still Genocide if Your Allies Did It?</a>, lawandpolitics.com.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-times180808-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-times180808_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhittell2007" class="citation news cs1">Whittell, Giles (2007-08-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110615064346/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/books/non-fiction/article2277131.ece">"Non-fiction book reviews: History that dares to speak its name"</a>. <i>Times Online</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/books/non-fiction/article2277131.ece">the original</a> on June 15, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-18</span></span>. <q>...a 1974 arrest for protesting at Turkey's invasion of northern Cyprus...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Online&rft.atitle=Non-fiction+book+reviews%3A+History+that+dares+to+speak+its+name&rft.date=2007-08-18&rft.aulast=Whittell&rft.aufirst=Giles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fentertainment.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Farts_and_entertainment%2Fbooks%2Fnon-fiction%2Farticle2277131.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-holdwater-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-holdwater_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-holdwater_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAkçam" class="citation web cs1">Akçam, Taner. Nazım Dikbaş (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141015211302/http://chgs.umn.edu/histories/turkishArmenian/holdwater.doc">"Holdwater: 'Murad Gümen: The Mysterious American Who Drives the Armenians Mad'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chgs.umn.edu/histories/turkishArmenian/holdwater.doc">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(DOC)</span> on 2014-10-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-01-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Holdwater%3A+%27Murad+G%C3%BCmen%3A+The+Mysterious+American+Who+Drives+the+Armenians+Mad%27&rft.aulast=Ak%C3%A7am&rft.aufirst=Taner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chgs.umn.edu%2Fhistories%2FturkishArmenian%2Fholdwater.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span> Originally published in <a href="/wiki/Agos" title="Agos">Agos</a> as "Holdwater: The Mysterious American who Drives Armenians Mad," May 18, 2007, and "Holdwater: The Golden Rule," May 25, 2007, by Ali Murat Güven.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-schilling-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-schilling_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-schilling_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-schilling_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchilling2008" class="citation journal cs1">Schilling, Peter (January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lawandpolitics.com/minnesota/Is-It-Still-Genocide-if-Your-Allies-Did-It/cef7381e-fe46-102a-aeb9-000e0c6dcf76.html">"Is It Still Genocide if Your Allies Did It?"</a>. <i>Law & Politics</i>. <b>167</b><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Law+%26+Politics&rft.atitle=Is+It+Still+Genocide+if+Your+Allies+Did+It%3F&rft.volume=167&rft.date=2008-01&rft.aulast=Schilling&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lawandpolitics.com%2Fminnesota%2FIs-It-Still-Genocide-if-Your-Allies-Did-It%2Fcef7381e-fe46-102a-aeb9-000e0c6dcf76.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-montreal-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-montreal_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-montreal_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-montreal_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristoff2007" class="citation journal cs1">Christoff, Stefan (2007-02-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071004222639/http://www.montrealmirror.com/2007/021507/news2.html">"No shame in slaughter"</a>. <i>Montreal Mirror</i>. <b>22</b> (34). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.montrealmirror.com/2007/021507/news2.html">the original</a> on 2007-10-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Montreal+Mirror&rft.atitle=No+shame+in+slaughter&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=34&rft.date=2007-02-22&rft.aulast=Christoff&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.montrealmirror.com%2F2007%2F021507%2Fnews2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-devrim76-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-devrim76_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160130175039/http://www.devrimcigenclik.org/include/yazigoster_dergi.php?no=806">"Taner Akçam'a Özgurluk"</a>. <i>Devrimci Gençlik</i> (in Turkish). September 1976. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.devrimcigenclik.org/include/yazigoster_dergi.php?no=806">the original</a> on 2016-01-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-02</span></span>. <q>Dergimiz Sorumlu Yazı İşleri müdürü Taner Akçam...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Devrimci+Gen%C3%A7lik&rft.atitle=Taner+Ak%C3%A7am%27a+%C3%96zgurluk&rft.date=1976-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.devrimcigenclik.org%2Finclude%2Fyazigoster_dergi.php%3Fno%3D806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span> (English: <span lang="en">Our magazine's <a href="/wiki/Managing_editor" title="Managing editor">managing editor</a> Taner Akçam...</span>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-iletisim-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iletisim_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iletisim_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iletisim.com.tr/iletisim/person.aspx?pid=517"><i>Taner Akçam: Biography</i></a> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Taner+Ak%C3%A7am%3A+Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iletisim.com.tr%2Filetisim%2Fperson.aspx%3Fpid%3D517&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stthom-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-stthom_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stthom.edu/Publications/2007_Releases/NR%20-%20Taner%20Akcam.pdf">"ST Center for International Studies Presents Taner Akcam, author of "A Shameful Act"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_St._Thomas_(Texas)" title="University of St. Thomas (Texas)">University of St. Thomas</a>. 2007-02-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-18</span></span>. <q>In the mid-1970s, Akçam became a leading member of the militant group Dev Yol (Devrimci Yol-Revolutionary Path) and the editor of its periodical Devrimci Genclik Dergisi (Revolutionary Youth Magazine).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ST+Center+for+International+Studies+Presents+Taner+Akcam%2C+author+of+%22A+Shameful+Act%22&rft.pub=University+of+St.+Thomas&rft.date=2007-02-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stthom.edu%2FPublications%2F2007_Releases%2FNR%2520-%2520Taner%2520Akcam.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CSUFresno-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CSUFresno_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081226191629/http://armenianstudies.csufresno.edu/events/070121.htm">"A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility"</a>. <i>Armenian Studies Program</i>. <a href="/wiki/California_State_University,_Fresno" title="California State University, Fresno">California State University, Fresno</a>. 2007-01-21. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://armenianstudies.csufresno.edu/events/070121.htm">the original</a> on 2008-12-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-18</span></span>. <q>As the editor in chief of a student political journal</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Armenian+Studies+Program&rft.atitle=A+Shameful+Act%3A+The+Armenian+Genocide+and+the+Question+of+Turkish+Responsibility&rft.date=2007-01-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farmenianstudies.csufresno.edu%2Fevents%2F070121.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mershon-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mershon_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/1811/30156/4/Taner%20Ackem%201-11-06.pdf">"The Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Sources"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Mershon Center</i>. Ohio State University Knowledge Bank. 2006-01-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mershon+Center&rft.atitle=The+Armenian+Genocide+in+the+Ottoman+Sources&rft.date=2006-01-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkb.osu.edu%2Fdspace%2Fbitstream%2F1811%2F30156%2F4%2FTaner%2520Ackem%25201-11-06.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CDI08-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CDI08_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurgess2002" class="citation web cs1">Burgess, Mark (2002-05-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cdi.org/terrorism/pkk.cfm">"Terrorism — PKK (a.k.a. KADEK): Kurdish Worker's Party (a.k.a. Kurdish Freedom and Democracy Congress)"</a>. <i>Terrorism Project</i>. <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Defense_Information" title="Center for Defense Information">Center for Defense Information</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Terrorism+Project&rft.atitle=Terrorism+%26mdash%3B+PKK+%28a.k.a.+KADEK%29%3A+Kurdish+Worker%27s+Party+%28a.k.a.+Kurdish+Freedom+and+Democracy+Congress%29&rft.date=2002-05-21&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdi.org%2Fterrorism%2Fpkk.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Munro90-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Munro90_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMunroDay1990" class="citation book cs1">Munro, David; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alan_John_Day&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alan John Day (page does not exist)">Day, Alan John</a> (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ai8YAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Abdullah+Ocalan%22+%22Revolutionary+Youth%22"><i>A World Record of Major Conflict Areas</i></a>. St. James Press. p. 143. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55862-066-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-55862-066-4"><bdi>1-55862-066-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+World+Record+of+Major+Conflict+Areas&rft.pages=143&rft.pub=St.+James+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=1-55862-066-4&rft.aulast=Munro&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Day%2C+Alan+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dai8YAAAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522Abdullah%2BOcalan%2522%2B%2522Revolutionary%2BYouth%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kemal06-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kemal06_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÖzcan2006" class="citation book cs1">Özcan, Ali Kemal (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DosRqg0ZCM4C&dq=%22revolutionary+path%22+ocalan&pg=PA200"><i>Turkey's Kurds: A Theoretical Analysis of the PKK and Abdullah Öcalan</i></a>. Routledge. p. 200. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-36687-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-36687-9"><bdi>0-415-36687-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Turkey%27s+Kurds%3A+A+Theoretical+Analysis+of+the+PKK+and+Abdullah+%C3%96calan&rft.pages=200&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-415-36687-9&rft.aulast=%C3%96zcan&rft.aufirst=Ali+Kemal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDosRqg0ZCM4C%26dq%3D%2522revolutionary%2Bpath%2522%2Bocalan%26pg%3DPA200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Karpat1975-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Karpat1975_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarpat1975" class="citation book cs1">Karpat, Kemal H. (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vp83AAAAIAAJ&dq=%22radical+leftist%22&pg=PA131">"Turkish and Arab-Israeli Relations"</a>. <i>Turkey's Foreign Policy in Transition: 1950–1974</i>. Brill Archive. p. 131. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-04323-3" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-04323-3"><bdi>90-04-04323-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Turkish+and+Arab-Israeli+Relations&rft.btitle=Turkey%27s+Foreign+Policy+in+Transition%3A+1950%26ndash%3B1974&rft.pages=131&rft.pub=Brill+Archive&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=90-04-04323-3&rft.aulast=Karpat&rft.aufirst=Kemal+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dvp83AAAAIAAJ%26dq%3D%2522radical%2Bleftist%2522%26pg%3DPA131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dundar-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dundar_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dundar_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDundar2002" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dundar, Can (2002-01-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2002/01/09/guncel/gun00.html">"Bir rüya gördü hapisten kaçtı"</a>. <i>Milliyet</i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-26</span></span>. <q>Çıkaracağımız Devrimci Gençlik dergisinin sorumlu yazı işleri müdürünün kim olacağını tartışıyorduk. Herkes birbirinin gözünün içine bakıyordu. Bu görevi üstlenecek olan, geleceğini tehlikeye atmayı, en azından hapse düşmeyi kabul etmiş olacaktı. Beklemekten nefret ederim. Dayanamadım, 'Ben olurum' dedim.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milliyet&rft.atitle=Bir+r%C3%BCya+g%C3%B6rd%C3%BC+hapisten+ka%C3%A7t%C4%B1&rft.date=2002-01-08&rft.aulast=Dundar&rft.aufirst=Can&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.milliyet.com.tr%2F2002%2F01%2F09%2Fguncel%2Fgun00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NewYorker08-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NewYorker08_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKolbert2006" class="citation magazine cs1">Kolbert, Elizabeth (2006-11-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2006/11/06/061106crbo_books2">"Dead Reckoning"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">New Yorker</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-09-02</span></span>. <q>Using a stove leg to dig a tunnel...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Dead+Reckoning&rft.date=2006-11-06&rft.aulast=Kolbert&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Farchive%2F2006%2F11%2F06%2F061106crbo_books2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-latimes-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-latimes_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMozingo1999" class="citation news cs1">Mozingo, Joe (1999-04-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-apr-26-me-31217-story.html">"Turkish Writer Breaks Ranks on Genocide"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-09-09</span></span>. <q>Akcam, once a student dissident who tunneled out of a Turkish prison with the leg of an iron stove...had his own run-ins with the Turkish government in the 1970s. He was jailed for printing Marxist articles and eventually escaped from a primitive prison converted from an old stable, he said. Turkish authorities confirmed his arrest and escape, and said he was linked to a pro-Soviet revolutionary group.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Turkish+Writer+Breaks+Ranks+on+Genocide&rft.date=1999-04-26&rft.aulast=Mozingo&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1999-apr-26-me-31217-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-harvard-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-harvard_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacmillan2007" class="citation news cs1">Macmillan, Jonathan Q (2007-03-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071015185317/http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=517714">"Author Argues That Armenian Genocide Happened"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Harvard_Crimson" title="The Harvard Crimson">The Harvard Crimson</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=517714">the original</a> on 2007-10-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Harvard+Crimson&rft.atitle=Author+Argues+That+Armenian+Genocide+Happened&rft.date=2007-03-15&rft.aulast=Macmillan&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+Q&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecrimson.com%2Farticle.aspx%3Fref%3D517714&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015139–140-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015139–140_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015139–140_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCheterian2015">Cheterian 2015</a>, pp. 139–140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.his-online.de/cms.asp?IDN=266&ModeMA=4&Plugin=12&ID=74&sprache=de">Taner Akçam, Dr. phil.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927193935/http://www.his-online.de/cms.asp?IDN=266&ModeMA=4&Plugin=12&ID=74&sprache=de">Archived</a> 2007-09-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Hamburg Institute for Social Research <span class="languageicon">(in German)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hamburg-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hamburg_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAkçam2000" class="citation web cs1">Akçam, Taner (March 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.his-online.de/cms.asp?IDN=381&H=%27167%27&Sprache=en">"The process of state formation in Turkey"</a>. <i>Hamburg Foundation for the Advancement of Research and Culture</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hamburg+Foundation+for+the+Advancement+of+Research+and+Culture&rft.atitle=The+process+of+state+formation+in+Turkey&rft.date=2000-03&rft.aulast=Ak%C3%A7am&rft.aufirst=Taner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.his-online.de%2Fcms.asp%3FIDN%3D381%26H%3D%2527167%2527%26Sprache%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015140-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015140_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCheterian2015">Cheterian 2015</a>, p. 140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015141-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015141_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCheterian2015">Cheterian 2015</a>, p. 141.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECheterian2015142-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015142_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheterian2015142_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCheterian2015">Cheterian 2015</a>, p. 142.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clark-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-clark_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clarku.edu/departments/holocaust/faculty/facultybio.cfm?id=722&progid=5&">"Faculty: Taner Akcam, Ph.D."</a> <i>Strassler Family Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies</i>. Clark University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Strassler+Family+Center+for+Holocaust+and+Genocide+Studies&rft.atitle=Faculty%3A+Taner+Akcam%2C+Ph.D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clarku.edu%2Fdepartments%2Fholocaust%2Ffaculty%2Ffacultybio.cfm%3Fid%3D722%26progid%3D5%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dadrian-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dadrian_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKouyoumdjian2006" class="citation web cs1">Kouyoumdjian, Nina (2006-04-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hcs.harvard.edu/~armo/pages/article049106.html">"Dadrian and Taner Akcam come to Harvard to Discuss Future of Turkey-Armenia Relations"</a>. Harvard Armenian Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-19</span></span>. <q>Professor Akcam, one of Dadrian's former students...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dadrian+and+Taner+Akcam+come+to+Harvard+to+Discuss+Future+of+Turkey-Armenia+Relations&rft.pub=Harvard+Armenian+Society&rft.date=2006-04-30&rft.aulast=Kouyoumdjian&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hcs.harvard.edu%2F~armo%2Fpages%2Farticle049106.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-omroep-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-omroep_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGhazarian1999" class="citation journal cs1">Ghazarian, Salpi Haroutinian (March 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070701150238/http://omroep.nl/human/tv/muur/W_O_S/interview.htm">"A Dutch Filmmaker"</a>. <i>Armenian International Magazine</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omroep.nl/human/tv/muur/W_O_S/interview.htm">the original</a> on 2007-07-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Armenian+International+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+Dutch+Filmmaker&rft.date=1999-03&rft.aulast=Ghazarian&rft.aufirst=Salpi+Haroutinian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.omroep.nl%2Fhuman%2Ftv%2Fmuur%2FW_O_S%2Finterview.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2546086/">Dorothée Forma</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-omroep2-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-omroep2_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070708025004/http://omroep.nl/human/tv/muur/W_O_S/turk.htm">"Bir Ziyaretin Dusundurdukleri"</a> (in Turkish). 2000-04-11. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omroep.nl/human/tv/muur/W_O_S/turk.htm">the original</a> on 2007-07-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-19</span></span>. <q>[Filmin] konusu, doktora tezimin yazimi sirasinda ... Amerika'da yasayan Ermeni asilli Prof. Dadrian ile kurdugum 'akademik iliski' idi.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bir+Ziyaretin+Dusundurdukleri&rft.date=2000-04-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.omroep.nl%2Fhuman%2Ftv%2Fmuur%2FW_O_S%2Fturk.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbel2008" class="citation news cs1">Abel, David (2008-05-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2008/05/29/turkish_historian_to_study_genocide/">"Turkish historian to study genocide"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-12-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Turkish+historian+to+study+genocide&rft.date=2008-05-29&rft.aulast=Abel&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Farticles%2F2008%2F05%2F29%2Fturkish_historian_to_study_genocide%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lapresse.ca/international/europe/202001/29/01-5258808-macron-felicite-un-historien-turc-auteur-dun-livre-sur-le-genocide-armenien.php">"Macron félicite un historien turc auteur d'un livre sur le génocide arménien"</a>. <i>La Presse</i> (in French). 29 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Presse&rft.atitle=Macron+f%C3%A9licite+un+historien+turc+auteur+d%27un+livre+sur+le+g%C3%A9nocide+arm%C3%A9nien&rft.date=2020-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lapresse.ca%2Finternational%2Feurope%2F202001%2F29%2F01-5258808-macron-felicite-un-historien-turc-auteur-dun-livre-sur-le-genocide-armenien.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAkçam2006" class="citation news cs1">Akçam, Taner (2006-10-06). "Hrant Dink, 301 ve bir suç duyurusu". <i>Agos</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agos&rft.atitle=Hrant+Dink%2C+301+ve+bir+su%C3%A7+duyurusu&rft.date=2006-10-06&rft.aulast=Ak%C3%A7am&rft.aufirst=Taner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aga-online.org/downloads/de/news/attachments/TanerAkcam_HrantDink_301_Criminal_Complaint.pdf">Hrant Dink, 301, and a criminal complaint</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090305151115/http://www.aga-online.org/downloads/de/news/attachments/TanerAkcam_HrantDink_301_Criminal_Complaint.pdf">Archived</a> 2009-03-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLabi2008" class="citation web cs1">Labi, Aisha (2008-05-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930181456/http://chronicle.com/news/index.php?id=2774">"Turkish Scholar Sues to Overturn Law on 'Denigrating Turkishness'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Chronicle of Higher Education</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chronicle.com/news/index.php?id=2774">the original</a> on September 30, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chronicle+of+Higher+Education&rft.atitle=Turkish+Scholar+Sues+to+Overturn+Law+on+%27Denigrating+Turkishness%27&rft.date=2008-05-16&rft.aulast=Labi&rft.aufirst=Aisha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchronicle.com%2Fnews%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D2774&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070503015749/http://www.thenewanatolian.com/tna-25027.html">"Turkish historian cleared of charges for declaring 'genocide'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>New Anatolian</i>. 2007-04-02. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenewanatolian.com/tna-25027.html">the original</a> on 2007-05-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Anatolian&rft.atitle=Turkish+historian+cleared+of+charges+for+declaring+%27genocide%27&rft.date=2007-04-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenewanatolian.com%2Ftna-25027.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOzcan2007" class="citation news cs1">Ozcan, Emine (2007-09-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110725070936/http://eski.bianet.org/2006/11/01_eng/news100839.htm">"Akçam: I Have Never Been So Scared"</a>. <i>bianet</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eski.bianet.org/2006/11/01_eng/news100839.htm">the original</a> on 2011-07-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=bianet&rft.atitle=Ak%C3%A7am%3A+I+Have+Never+Been+So+Scared&rft.date=2007-09-04&rft.aulast=Ozcan&rft.aufirst=Emine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feski.bianet.org%2F2006%2F11%2F01_eng%2Fnews100839.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-juancole-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-juancole_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-juancole_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCole2007" class="citation web cs1">Cole, Juan (2007-04-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.juancole.com/2007/04/detained-in-two-worlds-taner-akam-story.html">"Detained in Two Worlds: The Taner Akçam Story"</a>. <i>Informed Comment</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Informed+Comment&rft.atitle=Detained+in+Two+Worlds%3A+The+Taner+Ak%C3%A7am+Story&rft.date=2007-04-14&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.juancole.com%2F2007%2F04%2Fdetained-in-two-worlds-taner-akam-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span> Contains Akçam's essay, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zmag.org/znet/viewArticle/1761">The Circle Closes In: A shameful campaign</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090407064317/http://www.zmag.org/znet/viewArticle/1761">Archived</a> 2009-04-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>", dated March 17, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tallarmeniantale.com/TURKISH-SCHOLARS.htm">"Turkish Scholars"</a>. <i>Tall Armenian Tale</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-09-03</span></span>. <q>It makes sense, then, to understand why Turncoat Turks like Taner Akcam...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tall+Armenian+Tale&rft.atitle=Turkish+Scholars&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tallarmeniantale.com%2FTURKISH-SCHOLARS.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arsiv.sabah.com.tr/2007/07/28/haber,F2F1D8785325420EB3A514D0FB7611F4.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Akçam, Hrant Dink olmasın' kampanyası"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sabah_(newspaper)" title="Sabah (newspaper)">Sabah</a></i> (in Turkish). 2007-07-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-09-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sabah&rft.atitle=%27Ak%C3%A7am%2C+Hrant+Dink+olmas%C4%B1n%27+kampanyas%C4%B1&rft.date=2007-07-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farsiv.sabah.com.tr%2F2007%2F07%2F28%2Fhaber%2CF2F1D8785325420EB3A514D0FB7611F4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fisk-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fisk_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fisk_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fisk_49-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisk2007" class="citation news cs1">Fisk, Robert (2007-04-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070514191652/http://news.independent.co.uk/world/fisk/article2469270.ece#2007-04-21T00:00:10-00:00">"Caught in the deadly web of the Internet"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.independent.co.uk/world/fisk/article2469270.ece">the original</a> on May 14, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Caught+in+the+deadly+web+of+the+Internet&rft.date=2007-04-21&rft.aulast=Fisk&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.independent.co.uk%2Fworld%2Ffisk%2Farticle2469270.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJay2007" class="citation web cs1">Jay, Paul (2007-06-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news2/background/tech/wikipedia2.html">"A question of authority"</a>. <i>CBC News</i>. In Depth: Technology<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-04-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBC+News&rft.atitle=A+question+of+authority&rft.date=2007-06-22&rft.aulast=Jay&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews2%2Fbackground%2Ftech%2Fwikipedia2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCheterian2015">Cheterian 2015</a>, p. 156. "He was also subject to an internet campaign launched by ‘Holdwater’, the webmaster of a website—‘Tall Armenian Tale’— that sought to deny the crimes of the Ottoman authorities, and which launched vitriolic attacks against scholars and public figures who dared to challenge the official Turkish narrative on the extermination of the Armenians. This campaign continued for three years, with Akçam being called a ‘terrorist’ on YouTube and Wikipedia. In February 2007, while travelling to Canada, Akçam was detained on the basis of the false allegations Holdwater had levelled against him. When Akçam ultimately revealed Holdwater’s true identity, he instead became subject to a more conventional smear campaign in the Turkish media."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/sites/eng/pages/search.aspx?i=001-107206">ECtHR judgment of 25/10/2011 on application No. 27520/07</a> Para. 92, 93, 95</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.internationalpublishers.org/images/pdf/freedom-to-publish/knowledge-bank/2012/pr-010712-ragip-zarakolu.pdf"><i>Freedom to Publish Trial Opens in Turkey. IPA Observers Call for Call for Acquittal of Publisher Ragıp Zarakolu</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. International Publishers Association. 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Freedom+to+Publish+Trial+Opens+in+Turkey.+IPA+Observers+Call+for+Call+for+Acquittal+of+Publisher+Rag%C4%B1p+Zarakolu&rft.pub=International+Publishers+Association&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.internationalpublishers.org%2Fimages%2Fpdf%2Ffreedom-to-publish%2Fknowledge-bank%2F2012%2Fpr-010712-ragip-zarakolu.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtmaca2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Atmaca, Efnan (2008-01-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radikal.com.tr/ek_haber.php?ek=ktp&haberno=7260">"Amaç Ermenileri yok etmekti"</a>. <i>Radikal</i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radikal&rft.atitle=Ama%C3%A7+Ermenileri+yok+etmekti&rft.date=2008-01-25&rft.aulast=Atmaca&rft.aufirst=Efnan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radikal.com.tr%2Fek_haber.php%3Fek%3Dktp%26haberno%3D7260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090305151116/http://www.reporter.am/pdfs/A0216.pdf">"The objective was to get rid of all Armenians (English translation)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Armenian Reporter</i>. February 16, 2008. p. A3. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reporter.am/pdfs/A0216.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on March 5, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Armenian+Reporter&rft.atitle=The+objective+was+to+get+rid+of+all+Armenians+%28English+translation%29&rft.pages=A3&rft.date=2008-02-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reporter.am%2Fpdfs%2FA0216.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080501080354/http://www.thefriends.org/mnbookawards.html">"Minnesota Book Awards"</a>. Friends of the Saint Paul Public Library. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefriends.org/mnbookawards.html">the original</a> on 2008-05-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Minnesota+Book+Awards&rft.pub=Friends+of+the+Saint+Paul+Public+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefriends.org%2Fmnbookawards.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheterian2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Vicken_Cheterian" title="Vicken Cheterian">Cheterian, Vicken</a> (2015). <i>Open Wounds: Armenians, Turks and a Century of Genocide</i>. Hurst. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84904-458-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84904-458-5"><bdi>978-1-84904-458-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Open+Wounds%3A+Armenians%2C+Turks+and+a+Century+of+Genocide&rft.pub=Hurst&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-84904-458-5&rft.aulast=Cheterian&rft.aufirst=Vicken&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKühneReinMamigonian2023" class="citation book cs1">Kühne, Thomas; Rein, Mary Jane; Mamigonian, Marc A. (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/86878"><i>Documenting the Armenian Genocide: Essays in Honor of Taner Akçam</i></a>. Springer Nature. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12657%2F86878">20.500.12657/86878</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-031-36753-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-031-36753-3"><bdi>978-3-031-36753-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Documenting+the+Armenian+Genocide%3A+Essays+in+Honor+of+Taner+Ak%C3%A7am&rft.pub=Springer+Nature&rft.date=2023&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F20.500.12657%2F86878&rft.isbn=978-3-031-36753-3&rft.aulast=K%C3%BChne&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.au=Rein%2C+Mary+Jane&rft.au=Mamigonian%2C+Marc+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.oapen.org%2Fhandle%2F20.500.12657%2F86878&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaner+Ak%C3%A7am" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chgs.umn.edu/histories/turkishArmenian/">Akcam's Project at University of Minnesota</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140917093444/http://www.chgs.umn.edu/histories/turkishArmenian/">Archived</a> 2014-09-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECtHR" class="mw-redirect" title="ECtHR">ECtHR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cmiskp.echr.coe.int/tkp197/view.asp?action=html&documentId=894316&portal=hbkm&source=externalbydocnumber&table=F69A27FD8FB86142BF01C1166DEA398649">judgment in case Akçam v. Turkey</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://armenians-1915.blogspot.com/2012/12/3382-methodology-of-taner-akcam.html">Methodology of Taner Akçam</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q559228#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q559228#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q559228#identifiers" title="Edit this at 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/98405093">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/319270/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtH69hbxrTwBcDc6rRtKd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/103440984">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no93007872">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13175467s">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13175467s">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Akçam, Taner"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/UBOV467214">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jo2014810898&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p142640158">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007310654005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14799463">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/103440984">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/035228253">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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