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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Other_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Other languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origin_and_distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin_and_distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Origin and distribution</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Origin_and_distribution-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Origin and distribution subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Origin_and_distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Antiquity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antiquity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Antiquity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antiquity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theophrastus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theophrastus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Theophrastus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theophrastus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pliny_the_Elder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pliny_the_Elder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Pliny the Elder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pliny_the_Elder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medieval_authors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval_authors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Medieval authors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_authors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description_and_variation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description_and_variation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Description and variation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Description_and_variation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Description and variation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Description_and_variation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fruit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fruit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Fruit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fruit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plant" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Plant</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Varieties_and_hybrids" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Varieties_and_hybrids"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Varieties and hybrids</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Varieties_and_hybrids-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Culinary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culinary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Culinary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culinary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Folk_medicine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folk_medicine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Folk medicine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folk_medicine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Religious</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_Judaism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Judaism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>In Judaism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Judaism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Buddhism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Buddhism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2</span> <span>In Buddhism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Buddhism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Hinduism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Hinduism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.3</span> <span>In Hinduism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Hinduism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perfumery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perfumery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Perfumery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perfumery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Citron</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 72 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">72 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%B5%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8E" title="ትርንጎ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ትርንጎ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC" title="أترج – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أترج" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" title="Citrus medica – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Citrus medica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedratez" title="Sedratez – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sedratez" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poncem" title="Poncem – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Poncem" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цитрон – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Цитрон" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" title="Citrus medica – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Citrus medica" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedr%C3%A1t" title="Cedrát – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cedrát" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limea" title="Limea – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Limea" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedrat" title="Cedrat – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cedrat" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zitronatzitrone" title="Zitronatzitrone – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zitronatzitrone" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citronatowa_citrona" title="Citronatowa citrona – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Citronatowa citrona" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%AC" title="Κιτριά – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κιτριά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" title="Citrus medica – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Citrus medica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedrato" title="Cedrato – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cedrato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zidrondo" title="Zidrondo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zidrondo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%DA%AF" title="بالنگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بالنگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khatta_nabbu" title="Khatta nabbu – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Khatta nabbu" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9dratier" title="Cédratier – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cédratier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciotr%C3%B3n" title="Ciotrón – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ciotrón" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billey_kidrane" title="Billey kidrane – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Billey kidrane" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cidreira" title="Cidreira – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cidreira" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE" title="બીજોરા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બીજોરા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%A0" title="시트론 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시트론" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citronatowa_citrona" title="Citronatowa citrona – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Citronatowa citrona" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cetrun" title="Četrun – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Četrun" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeruk_pepaya" title="Jeruk pepaya – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jeruk pepaya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" title="Citrus medica – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Citrus medica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%92" title="אתרוג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אתרוג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%B3" title="ಮಾದಳ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಾದಳ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mfurungu" title="Mfurungu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mfurungu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" title="Citrus medica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Citrus medica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedr%C4%81ts" title="Cedrāts – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Cedrāts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaistinis_citrinmedis" title="Vaistinis citrinmedis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vaistinis citrinmedis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jherruk_kat%C3%A8s" title="Jherruk katès – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Jherruk katès" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="ഗണപതിനാരകം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗണപതിനാരകം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97" title="महाळुंग – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="महाळुंग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC" title="اترج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اترج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitron" title="Sitron – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sitron" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87dra" title="Çdra – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Çdra" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cidracuahuitl" title="Cidracuahuitl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Cidracuahuitl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukadeboom" title="Sukadeboom – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sukadeboom" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="बिमिरो – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बिमिरो" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3" title="シトロン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シトロン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitronaatsitroon" title="Sitronaatsitroon – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sitronaatsitroon" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedrat" title="Cedrat – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Cedrat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukatsitron" title="Sukatsitron – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sukatsitron" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%AD%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%81" title="ଟଭାଲେମ୍ବୁ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଟଭାଲେମ୍ବୁ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turungoo" title="Turungoo – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Turungoo" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" title="Citrus medica – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Citrus medica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytron" title="Cytron – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cytron" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cidra" title="Cidra – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cidra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitru" title="Chitru – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Chitru" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цитрон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Цитрон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="नागरङ्गफलम् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="नागरङ्गफलम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" title="Citrus medica – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Citrus medica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citron" title="Citron – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Citron" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DA%AA%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88" title="چڪوترو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="چڪوترو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citr%C3%B3novn%C3%ADk_citron%C3%A1tov%C3%BD" title="Citrónovník citronátový – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Citrónovník citronátový" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrona" title="Citrona – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Citrona" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukaattisitruuna" title="Sukaattisitruuna – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sukaattisitruuna" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suckatcitron" title="Suckatcitron – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Suckatcitron" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நாரத்தம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நாரத்தம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7" title="มะงั่ว – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มะงั่ว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" title="Citrus medica – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Citrus medica" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Цитрон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цитрон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" title="Citrus medica – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Citrus medica" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thanh_y%C3%AAn" title="Thanh yên – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thanh yên" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" title="Citrus medica – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Citrus medica" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%B8%E6%AB%9E" title="枸櫞 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="枸櫞" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%92" title="אתרוג – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אתרוג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%B8%E6%AB%9E" title="枸櫞 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="枸櫞" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q150064#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Citron_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Citron (disambiguation)">Citron (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn" title="Citroën">Citroën</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Citron </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinesische_Zedrat_Zitrone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chinesische_Zedrat_Zitrone.jpg/220px-Chinesische_Zedrat_Zitrone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chinesische_Zedrat_Zitrone.jpg/330px-Chinesische_Zedrat_Zitrone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chinesische_Zedrat_Zitrone.jpg/440px-Chinesische_Zedrat_Zitrone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2013" data-file-height="1433" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Least_Concern" class="mw-redirect" title="Least Concern">Least Concern</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Citrus" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sapindales" title="Sapindales">Sapindales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rutaceae" title="Rutaceae">Rutaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus"><i>Citrus</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>C. medica</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Citrus medica</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WFO_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WFO-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li> <i>Citrus alata</i> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dzabur%C5%8D_Tanaka" title="Chōzaburō Tanaka">Tanaka</a>) Tanaka</small></li> <li><i>Citrus bicolor</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Antoine_Poiteau" title="Pierre Antoine Poiteau">Poit.</a> & <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Jean_Fran%C3%A7ois_Turpin" title="Pierre Jean François Turpin">Turpin</a></small></li> <li> <i>Citrus cedra</i> <small>Link</small> </li> <li> <i>Citrus fragrans</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Richard_Anthony_Salisbury" title="Richard Anthony Salisbury">Salisb.</a></small></li> <li><i>Citrus limonimedica</i> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Alfred_Wyndham_Lushington" title="Alfred Wyndham Lushington">Lush.</a>)</small></li> <li><i>Citrus odorata</i> <small>(Wester) Tanaka</small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>citron</b> (<i><b>Citrus medica</b></i>), historically <b>cedrate</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a large fragrant <a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus">citrus</a> fruit with a thick <a href="/wiki/Peel_(fruit)" title="Peel (fruit)">rind</a>. It is said to resemble a 'huge, rough lemon'.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is one of the <a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy#Citrons" title="Citrus taxonomy">original citrus fruits</a> from which all other citrus types developed through natural <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_speciation" title="Hybrid speciation">hybrid speciation</a> or artificial <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)" title="Hybrid (biology)">hybridization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though citron cultivars take on a wide variety of physical forms, they are all closely related genetically. It is used in Asian and Mediterranean cuisine, traditional medicines, perfume, and religious rituals and offerings. Hybrids of citrons with other citrus are commercially more prominent, notably <a href="/wiki/Lemon" title="Lemon">lemons</a> and many <a href="/wiki/Lime_(fruit)" title="Lime (fruit)">limes</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The fruit's English name "citron" derives ultimately from Latin, <i>citrus</i>, which is also the origin of the genus name. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_languages">Other languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Other languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A source of confusion is that <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/citron" class="extiw" title="wikt:citron">'citron</a></i>' in French and English are <a href="/wiki/False_friend" title="False friend">false friends</a>, as the French word <i>'citron'</i> refers to what in English is a <a href="/wiki/Lemon" title="Lemon">lemon</a>; whereas the French word for the citron is <i>'cédrat'</i>. Indeed, into the 16th century, the English term <i>citron</i> included the lemon and perhaps the lime as well.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="link to home page instead of entry (November 2016)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> Other languages that use variants of <i>citron</i> to refer to the lemon include Armenian, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, German, Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Hungarian, Esperanto, Polish and the Scandinavian languages. </p><p>In Italian it is known as <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">cedro</i></span>, the same name used also to indicate the coniferous tree <a href="/wiki/Cedrus" title="Cedrus">cedar</a>. Similarly, in Latin, citrus, or <a href="/wiki/Thyine_wood" title="Thyine wood">thyine wood</a> referred to the wood of a North African cypress, <i><a href="/wiki/Tetraclinis_articulata" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetraclinis articulata">Tetraclinis articulata</a></i>. In <a href="/wiki/Indo-Iranian_languages" title="Indo-Iranian languages">Indo-Iranian languages</a>, it is called <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">turunj</i></span>, as against <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">naranj</i></span> ('bitter orange'). Both names were borrowed into <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> and introduced into Spain and Portugal after their occupation by <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> in AD 711, whence the latter became the source of the name <i><a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">orange</a></i> through <a href="/wiki/Rebracketing" title="Rebracketing">rebracketing</a> (and the former of 'toronja' and 'toranja', which today describe the <a href="/wiki/Grapefruit" title="Grapefruit">grapefruit</a> in <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> respectively).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dutch merchants seasonally import <span title="Indonesian-language text"><span lang="id">Sukade</span></span> for baked goods; a thick, light green colored commercially candied half peeling from Indonesia and other countries (<span title="Indonesian-language text"><i lang="id">sukade</i></span> – Indonesian word for love, <i>Citrus médica</i> variety 'Macrocárpa'), which can reach 2.5 kilograms mass. A bitter taste is removed by salt treatment before processing into confectionery.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Hebrew it is called an <i>etrog</i> (<span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">אתרוג</span></span>); in Yiddish, it is pronounced <i>"esrog"</i> or "<i>esreg</i>". The citron plays an important role in the harvest holiday of <a href="/wiki/Sukkot" title="Sukkot">Sukkot</a> paired with <i><a href="/wiki/Lulav" title="Lulav">lulavim</a></i> (fronds of the <a href="/wiki/Date_palm" title="Date palm">date palm</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin_and_distribution">Origin and distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Origin and distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_inferred_original_wild_ranges_of_the_main_Citrus_cultivars,_and_selected_relevant_wild_taxa_(Fuller_et_al.,_2017).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Map_of_inferred_original_wild_ranges_of_the_main_Citrus_cultivars%2C_and_selected_relevant_wild_taxa_%28Fuller_et_al.%2C_2017%29.png/220px-Map_of_inferred_original_wild_ranges_of_the_main_Citrus_cultivars%2C_and_selected_relevant_wild_taxa_%28Fuller_et_al.%2C_2017%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Map_of_inferred_original_wild_ranges_of_the_main_Citrus_cultivars%2C_and_selected_relevant_wild_taxa_%28Fuller_et_al.%2C_2017%29.png/330px-Map_of_inferred_original_wild_ranges_of_the_main_Citrus_cultivars%2C_and_selected_relevant_wild_taxa_%28Fuller_et_al.%2C_2017%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Map_of_inferred_original_wild_ranges_of_the_main_Citrus_cultivars%2C_and_selected_relevant_wild_taxa_%28Fuller_et_al.%2C_2017%29.png/440px-Map_of_inferred_original_wild_ranges_of_the_main_Citrus_cultivars%2C_and_selected_relevant_wild_taxa_%28Fuller_et_al.%2C_2017%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2318" data-file-height="1682" /></a><figcaption>Map of inferred original wild ranges of the main <i>Citrus</i> cultivars, and selected relevant wild taxa<sup id="cite_ref-fuller_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fuller-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The citron is an old and original citrus species.<sup id="cite_ref-Chambers_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chambers-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is molecular evidence that most cultivated citrus species arose by <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)#Hybrid_plants" title="Hybrid (biology)">hybridization</a> of a small number of ancestral types: the citron, <a href="/wiki/Pomelo" title="Pomelo">pomelo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange" title="Mandarin orange">mandarin</a> and, to a lesser extent, <a href="/wiki/Papeda_(citrus)" title="Papeda (citrus)">papedas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kumquat" title="Kumquat">kumquat</a>. The citron is usually <a href="/wiki/Fertilized" class="mw-redirect" title="Fertilized">fertilized</a> by <a href="/wiki/Self-pollination" title="Self-pollination">self-pollination</a>, which results in their displaying a high degree of genetic <a href="/wiki/Zygosity" title="Zygosity">homozygosity</a>. It is the male parent of any citrus hybrid rather than a female one.<sup id="cite_ref-HortScience_2005_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HortScience_2005-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Talon_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Talon-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Archaeological evidence for citrus fruits has been limited, as neither seeds nor pollen are likely to be routinely recovered in archaeology.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The citron is thought to have been native to <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Talon_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Talon-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in valleys at the foothills of the eastern <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a>. It is thought that by the 4th century BC, when <a href="/wiki/Theophrastus" title="Theophrastus">Theophrastus</a> mentions the "Median apple." Despite its scientific designation, which is an adaptation of the old name in classical Greek sources “Median pome”, this fruit was not indigenous to Media or ancient Media <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the citron was mostly cultivated in the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a> (north of Mazandarn and Gilan) on its way to the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_basin" title="Mediterranean basin">Mediterranean basin</a>, where it was cultivated during the later centuries in different areas as described by Erich Isaac.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many mention the role of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a> and his armies as they attacked <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Iran</a> and what is today <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, as being responsible for the spread of the citron westward, reaching the <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">European</a> countries such as <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Purdue_Citron_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Purdue_Citron-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Simoons_p.200_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Simoons_p.200-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antiquity">Antiquity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Antiquity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Etrog#Historic_cultivation_areas" title="Etrog">Etrog § Historic cultivation areas</a></div> <p>Leviticus mentions the "fruit of the beautiful ('hadar') tree" as being required for ritual use during the <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_Tabernacles" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast of Tabernacles">Feast of Tabernacles</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0323.htm">Lev. 23:40</a>). According to Jewish Rabbinical tradition, the "fruit of the tree hadar" refers to the citron. <a href="/wiki/Sukkah_(Talmud)" title="Sukkah (Talmud)">Mishna Sukkah</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2nd century AD</span>, deals with <a href="/wiki/Halakhic" class="mw-redirect" title="Halakhic">halakhic</a> aspects of the citron. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Segment_of_synagogue_mosaic_floor_from_Tiberias_at_Eretz_Israel_Museum_in_Tel_Aviv.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Segment_of_synagogue_mosaic_floor_from_Tiberias_at_Eretz_Israel_Museum_in_Tel_Aviv.jpg/170px-Segment_of_synagogue_mosaic_floor_from_Tiberias_at_Eretz_Israel_Museum_in_Tel_Aviv.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Segment_of_synagogue_mosaic_floor_from_Tiberias_at_Eretz_Israel_Museum_in_Tel_Aviv.jpg/255px-Segment_of_synagogue_mosaic_floor_from_Tiberias_at_Eretz_Israel_Museum_in_Tel_Aviv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Segment_of_synagogue_mosaic_floor_from_Tiberias_at_Eretz_Israel_Museum_in_Tel_Aviv.jpg/340px-Segment_of_synagogue_mosaic_floor_from_Tiberias_at_Eretz_Israel_Museum_in_Tel_Aviv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Ancient mosaic of Tiberian Synagogue depicting citrons</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Egyptologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptologist">Egyptologist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archaeologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeologist">archaeologist</a> <a href="/wiki/Victor_Loret" title="Victor Loret">Victor Loret</a> said he had identified it depicted on the walls of the <a href="/wiki/Botanical_garden_of_Thutmosis_III" title="Botanical garden of Thutmosis III">botanical garden</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Karnak_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Karnak Temple">Karnak Temple</a>, which dates back to the time of <a href="/wiki/Thutmosis_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Thutmosis III">Thutmosis III</a>, approximately 3,500 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Citron was also cultivated in <a href="/wiki/Sumer" title="Sumer">Sumer</a> as early as the 3rd millennium BC. </p><p>The citron has been cultivated since ancient times, predating the cultivation of other citrus <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theophrastus">Theophrastus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Theophrastus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following description on citron was given by <a href="/wiki/Theophrastus" title="Theophrastus">Theophrastus</a><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_species_of_citrus_fruit_(Citrus_sarcodactylis_Hort._Bog.);_Wellcome_V0042687.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/A_species_of_citrus_fruit_%28Citrus_sarcodactylis_Hort._Bog.%29%3B_Wellcome_V0042687.jpg/220px-A_species_of_citrus_fruit_%28Citrus_sarcodactylis_Hort._Bog.%29%3B_Wellcome_V0042687.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/A_species_of_citrus_fruit_%28Citrus_sarcodactylis_Hort._Bog.%29%3B_Wellcome_V0042687.jpg/330px-A_species_of_citrus_fruit_%28Citrus_sarcodactylis_Hort._Bog.%29%3B_Wellcome_V0042687.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/A_species_of_citrus_fruit_%28Citrus_sarcodactylis_Hort._Bog.%29%3B_Wellcome_V0042687.jpg/440px-A_species_of_citrus_fruit_%28Citrus_sarcodactylis_Hort._Bog.%29%3B_Wellcome_V0042687.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2343" data-file-height="3253" /></a><figcaption>Illustration of <a href="/wiki/Fingered_citron" class="mw-redirect" title="Fingered citron">fingered citron</a> with the leaves and thorns that are common to all varieties of citron</figcaption></figure> <blockquote><p>In the east and south there are special plants ... i.e. in Media(Perhaps they mistakenly called it Mad because it was located in the east of Parthia and south and the tree grows in the question of Caspian sea, Mazandaran, Gilan , not Mad<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ) and Persia there are many types of fruit, between them there is a fruit called Median or Persian Apple. The tree has a leaf similar to and almost identical with that of the <i>andrachn</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Arbutus_andrachne" title="Arbutus andrachne">Arbutus andrachne</a></i> L.), but has <a href="/wiki/Thorns,_spines,_and_prickles" title="Thorns, spines, and prickles">thorns</a> like those of the <i><a href="/wiki/Apios" title="Apios">apios</a></i> (the wild <a href="/wiki/Pear" title="Pear">pear</a>, <i>Pyrus amygdaliformis</i> Vill.) or the <a href="/wiki/Firethorn" class="mw-redirect" title="Firethorn">firethorn</a> (<i>Cotoneaster pyracantha</i> Spach.), except that they are white, smooth, sharp and strong. The fruit is not eaten, but is very fragrant, as is also the <a href="/wiki/Leaf" title="Leaf">leaf</a> of the tree; and the fruit is put among <a href="/wiki/Clothes" class="mw-redirect" title="Clothes">clothes</a>, it keeps them from being <a href="/wiki/Moth" title="Moth">moth</a>-eaten. It is also useful when one has drunk deadly poison, for when it is administered in <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>; it upsets the <a href="/wiki/Stomach" title="Stomach">stomach</a> and brings up the poison. It is also useful to improve the <a href="/wiki/Breath" class="mw-redirect" title="Breath">breath</a>, for if one boils the inner part of the fruit in a dish or squeezes it into the mouth in some other medium, it makes the breath more pleasant. </p><p>The seed is removed from the fruit and sown in the <a href="/wiki/Spring_(season)" title="Spring (season)">spring</a> in carefully tilled beds, and it is watered every fourth or fifth day. As soon the plant is strong it is <a href="/wiki/Transplanting" title="Transplanting">transplanted</a>, also in the spring, to a soft, well watered site, where the soil is not very fine, for it prefers such places. </p><p>And it bears its fruit at all <a href="/wiki/Season" title="Season">seasons</a>, for when some have gathered, the flower of the others is on the tree and is ripening others. Of the <a href="/wiki/Flower" title="Flower">flowers</a> I have said<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> those that have a sort of distaff [meaning the <a href="/wiki/Carpel" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpel">pistil</a>] projecting from the middle are fertile, while those that do not have this are sterile. It is also sown, like <a href="/wiki/Date_palm" title="Date palm">date palms</a>, in pots punctured with holes. </p><p> This tree, as has been remarked, grows in Media and Persia.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pliny_the_Elder">Pliny the Elder</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Pliny the Elder"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Citron was also described by <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a>, who called it <i>nata Assyria malus</i>. The following is from his book <i><a href="/wiki/Natural_History_(Pliny)" title="Natural History (Pliny)">Natural History</a></i>: </p> <blockquote><p>There is another tree also with the same name of "citrus", and bears a fruit that is held by some persons in particular dislike for its smell and remarkable bitterness; while, on the other hand, there are some who esteem it very highly. This tree is used as an ornament to houses; it requires, however, no further description.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The citron tree, called the Assyrian, and by some the Median or Persian apple, is an antidote against poisons. The leaf is similar to that of the <a href="/wiki/Arbutus" title="Arbutus">arbute</a>, except that it has small prickles running across it. As to the fruit, it is never eaten, but it is remarkable for its extremely powerful smell, which is the case, also, with the leaves; indeed, the odour is so strong, that it will penetrate clothes, when they are once impregnated with it, and hence it is very useful in repelling the attacks of noxious insects. </p><p>The tree bears fruit at all seasons of the year; while some is falling off, other fruit is ripening, and other, again, just bursting into birth. Various nations have attempted to naturalize this tree among them, for the sake of its medica or Persian properties, by planting it in pots of clay, with holes drilled in them, for the purpose of introducing the air to the roots; and I would here remark, once for all, that it is as well to remember that the best plan is to pack all slips of trees that have to be carried to any distance, as close together as they can possibly be placed. </p><p>It has been found, however, that this tree will grow nowhere except in Persia. It is this fruit, the pips of which, as we have already mentioned, the <a href="/wiki/Parthia" title="Parthia">Parthian</a> grandees employ in seasoning their <a href="/wiki/Ragout" title="Ragout">ragouts</a>, as being peculiarly conducive to the sweetening of the breath. We find no other tree very highly commended that is produced in Media.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Citrons, either the pulp of them or the pips, are taken in wine as an antidote to poisons. A decoction of citrons, or the juice extracted from them, is used as a gargle to impart sweetness to the breath. The pips of this fruit are recommended for pregnant women to chew when affected with <a href="/wiki/Qualmishness" class="mw-redirect" title="Qualmishness">qualmishness</a>. Citrons are good, also, for a weak stomach, but it is not easy to eat them except with <a href="/wiki/Vinegar" title="Vinegar">vinegar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval_authors">Medieval authors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Medieval authors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-%27Awwam" title="Ibn al-'Awwam">Ibn al-'Awwam</a>'s 12th-century agricultural encyclopedia, <i>Book on Agriculture</i>, contains an article on citron tree cultivation in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description_and_variation">Description and variation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Description and variation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zitronatszitrone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Zitronatszitrone.jpg/220px-Zitronatszitrone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Zitronatszitrone.jpg/330px-Zitronatszitrone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Zitronatszitrone.jpg/440px-Zitronatszitrone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4022" data-file-height="3020" /></a><figcaption>A citron or <a href="/wiki/Citrus_hybrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus hybrid">citron-like hybrid</a> of Italian origin, showing the thick rind</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fruit">Fruit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Fruit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The citron fruit is usually <a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_leaf_morphology#ovate" title="Glossary of leaf morphology">ovate</a> or oblong, narrowing towards the <a href="/wiki/Etrog#Pitom" title="Etrog">stylar</a> end. However, the citron's fruit shape is highly variable, due to the large quantity of <a href="/wiki/Mesocarp#Mesocarp" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesocarp">albedo</a>, which forms independently according to the fruits' position on the tree, twig orientation, and many other factors. The rind is leathery, furrowed, and adherent. The inner portion is thick, white and hard; the outer is uniformly thin and very fragrant. The pulp is usually acidic, but also can be sweet, and some varieties are entirely pulpless. </p><p>Most citron varieties contain a large number of <a href="/wiki/Monoembryonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monoembryonic">monoembryonic</a> seeds. The seeds are white with dark inner coats and red-purplish <a href="/wiki/Chalazal_spot" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalazal spot">chalazal spots</a> for the acidic varieties, and colorless for the sweet ones. Some citron varieties have persistent <a href="/wiki/Carpel" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpel">styles</a> which do not fall off after fecundation. Those are usually preferred for ritual <i><a href="/wiki/Etrog" title="Etrog">etrog</a></i> use in <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>. </p><p>Some citrons have medium-sized oil bubbles at the outer surface, medially distant to each other. Some varieties are ribbed and faintly warted on the outer surface. A fingered citron variety is commonly called <a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_hand" title="Buddha's hand">Buddha's hand</a>. </p><p>The color varies from green, when unripe, to a yellow-orange when overripe. The citron does not fall off the tree and can reach 8–10 pounds (4–5 kg) if not picked before fully mature.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HortScience_2005_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HortScience_2005-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, they should be picked before the winter, as the branches might bend or break to the ground, and may cause numerous fungal diseases for the tree. </p><p>Despite the wide variety of forms taken on by the fruit, citrons are all closely related genetically, representing a single species.<sup id="cite_ref-Talon_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Talon-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ramadugu_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramadugu-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Genetic analysis divides the known cultivars into three clusters: a Mediterranean cluster thought to have originated in India, and two clusters predominantly found in China, one representing the fingered citrons, and another consisting of non-fingered varieties.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramadugu_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramadugu-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plant">Plant</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Plant"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Citron_Balady_Etrog_Simanim.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Citron_Balady_Etrog_Simanim.jpg/220px-Citron_Balady_Etrog_Simanim.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Citron_Balady_Etrog_Simanim.jpg/330px-Citron_Balady_Etrog_Simanim.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Citron_Balady_Etrog_Simanim.jpg/440px-Citron_Balady_Etrog_Simanim.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1846" data-file-height="2097" /></a><figcaption>A pure citron of any kind has a large portion of <a href="/wiki/Fruit_anatomy#Mesocarp" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit anatomy">albedo</a>, which is important for the production of <a href="/wiki/Succade" title="Succade">succade</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Citrus medica</i> is a slow-growing <a href="/wiki/Shrub" title="Shrub">shrub</a> or small tree that reaches a height of about 8 to 15 ft (2 to 5 m). It has irregular straggling branches and stiff twigs and long <a href="/wiki/Spine_(botany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spine (botany)">spines</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Leaf" title="Leaf">leaf</a> <a href="/wiki/Axil" class="mw-redirect" title="Axil">axils</a>. The evergreen leaves are green and lemon-scented with slightly serrate edges, ovate-lanceolate or ovate elliptic 2.5 to 7.0 inches long. <a href="/wiki/Petiole_(botany)" title="Petiole (botany)">Petioles</a> are usually wingless or with minor wings. The clustered flowers of the acidic varieties are purplish tinted from outside, but the sweet ones are white-yellowish. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ADFF2F"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Citron</a> <a href="/wiki/Variety_(botany)" title="Variety (botany)">varieties</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:3_etrog.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/3_etrog.JPG/200px-3_etrog.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/3_etrog.JPG/300px-3_etrog.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/3_etrog.JPG/400px-3_etrog.JPG 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="336" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#FFFFE0"> <a href="/wiki/Acid" title="Acid">Acidic</a>-pulp varieties</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balady_citron" title="Balady citron">Balady citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamante_citron" title="Diamante citron">Diamante citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_citron" title="Greek citron">Greek citron</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#FFFFE0"> Non-<a href="/wiki/Acid" title="Acid">acidic</a> varieties</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corsican_citron" title="Corsican citron">Corsican citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_citron" title="Moroccan citron">Moroccan citron</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#FFFFE0"> Pulpless varieties</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_hand" title="Buddha's hand">Fingered citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemenite_citron" title="Yemenite citron">Yemenite citron</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#FFFFE0"> Citron <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)" title="Hybrid (biology)">hybrids</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bizzarria" title="Bizzarria">Bizzarria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florentine_citron" title="Florentine citron">Florentine citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabbad" title="Kabbad">Kabbad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumia_(citrus)" title="Lumia (citrus)">Lumia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompia" title="Pompia">Pompia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponderosa_lemon" title="Ponderosa lemon">Ponderosa lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangpur_(fruit)" title="Rangpur (fruit)">Rangpur lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhobs_el_Arsa" title="Rhobs el Arsa">Rhobs el Arsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rough_lemon" title="Rough lemon">Rough lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkamer_lemon" title="Volkamer lemon">Volkamer lemon</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#FFFFE0"> Related articles</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy" title="Citrus taxonomy">Citrus taxonomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etrog" title="Etrog">Etrog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succade" title="Succade">Succade</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Citron_varieties" title="Template:Citron varieties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Citron_varieties" title="Template talk:Citron varieties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Citron_varieties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Citron varieties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The citron tree is very vigorous with almost no dormancy, blooming several times a year, and is therefore fragile and extremely sensitive to frost.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Varieties_and_hybrids">Varieties and hybrids</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Varieties and hybrids"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Acid" title="Acid">acidic</a> varieties include the <a href="/wiki/Florentine_citron" title="Florentine citron">Florentine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diamante_citron" title="Diamante citron">Diamante citron</a> from <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Greek_citron" title="Greek citron">Greek citron</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Balady_citron" title="Balady citron">Balady citron</a> from <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sweet varieties include the <a href="/wiki/Corsican_citron" title="Corsican citron">Corsican</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moroccan_citron" title="Moroccan citron">Moroccan citrons</a>. The pulpless varieties also include some <a href="/wiki/Fingered_citron" class="mw-redirect" title="Fingered citron">fingered</a> varieties and the <a href="/wiki/Yemenite_citron" title="Yemenite citron">Yemenite citron</a>. </p><p>There are also a number of citron <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)" title="Hybrid (biology)">hybrids</a>; for example, <a href="/wiki/Ponderosa_lemon" title="Ponderosa lemon">ponderosa lemon</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lumia_(citrus)" title="Lumia (citrus)">lumia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhobs_el_Arsa" title="Rhobs el Arsa">rhobs el Arsa</a> are known citron hybrids. Some claim<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that even the <a href="/wiki/Florentine_citron" title="Florentine citron">Florentine citron</a> is not pure citron, but a citron hybrid. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culinary">Culinary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Culinary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Succade" title="Succade">Succade</a></div> <p>While the <a href="/wiki/Lemon" title="Lemon">lemon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">orange</a> are primarily peeled to consume their pulpy and <a href="/wiki/Juice" title="Juice">juicy</a> <a href="/wiki/Flavedo" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavedo">segments</a>, the citron's pulp is dry, containing a small quantity of juice, if any. The main content of a citron fruit is its thick white rind, which adheres to the segments and cannot easily be separated from them. The citron gets halved and depulped, then its rind (the thicker the better) is cut into pieces. Those are cooked in sugar syrup and used as a <a href="/wiki/Spoon_sweet" class="mw-redirect" title="Spoon sweet">spoon sweet</a> known in Greek as "kítro glykó" (κίτρο γλυκό), or diced and candied with sugar and used as a confection in cakes. In Italy, a soft drink called "Cedrata" is made from the fruit. </p><p>In Samoa a refreshing drink called "vai tipolo" is made from squeezed juice. It is also added to a raw fish dish called "oka" and to a variation of palusami or luáu. </p><p>Citron is a regularly used item in Asian cuisine. </p><p>Today the citron is also used for the <a href="/wiki/Fragrance" class="mw-redirect" title="Fragrance">fragrance</a> or <a href="/wiki/Zest_(ingredient)" title="Zest (ingredient)">zest</a> of its <a href="/wiki/Flavedo" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavedo">flavedo</a>, but the most important part is still the inner rind (known as <a href="/wiki/Pith" title="Pith">pith</a> or <i><a href="/wiki/Fruit_anatomy#Mesocarp" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit anatomy">albedo</a></i>), which is a fairly important article in <a href="/wiki/International_trade" title="International trade">international trade</a> and is widely employed in the food industry as <a href="/wiki/Succade" title="Succade">succade</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Purdue_Citron_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Purdue_Citron-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as it is known when it is candied in sugar. </p><p>The dozens of varieties of citron are collectively known as <i>Lebu</i> in <a href="/wiki/Bengali_cuisine" title="Bengali cuisine">Bangladesh, West Bengal</a>, where it is the primary citrus fruit. </p><p>In Iran the citron's thick white rind is used to make jam; in <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> the fruit is used to make jam but is also pickled; in <a href="/wiki/South_Indian_cuisine" title="South Indian cuisine">South Indian cuisine</a>, some varieties of citron (collectively referred to as "Narthangai" in <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> and "Heralikayi" in <a href="/wiki/Kannada" title="Kannada">Kannada</a>) are widely used in pickles and preserves. In <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, heralikayi (citron) is used to make lemon rice. In <a href="/wiki/Kutch" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutch">Kutch</a>, Gujarat, it is used to make pickle, wherein entire slices of fruits are salted, dried and mixed with <a href="/wiki/Jaggery" title="Jaggery">jaggery</a> and spices to make sweet spicy pickle.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the United States, citron is an important ingredient in holiday <a href="/wiki/Fruitcakes" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruitcakes">fruitcakes</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Halv_sukat.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A citron halved and depulped, cooked in sugar"><img alt="A citron halved and depulped, cooked in sugar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Halv_sukat.JPG/200px-Halv_sukat.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Halv_sukat.JPG/300px-Halv_sukat.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Halv_sukat.JPG/400px-Halv_sukat.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A citron halved and depulped, cooked in sugar</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bicchiere_di_tassoni1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cedrata, a citron soft drink from Italy"><img alt="Cedrata, a citron soft drink from Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Bicchiere_di_tassoni1.jpg/200px-Bicchiere_di_tassoni1.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Bicchiere_di_tassoni1.jpg/300px-Bicchiere_di_tassoni1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Bicchiere_di_tassoni1.jpg/400px-Bicchiere_di_tassoni1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="766" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Cedrata</i>, a citron soft drink from Italy</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Citron_cake.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Citron torte"><img alt="Citron torte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Citron_cake.jpg/200px-Citron_cake.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Citron_cake.jpg/300px-Citron_cake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Citron_cake.jpg/400px-Citron_cake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Citron torte</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Folk_medicine">Folk medicine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Folk medicine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <a href="/wiki/Ancient" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient">ancient</a> through <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> times, the citron was used mainly for <a href="/wiki/Traditional_medicine" title="Traditional medicine">supposed medical purposes</a> to combat <a href="/wiki/Seasickness" class="mw-redirect" title="Seasickness">seasickness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scurvy" title="Scurvy">scurvy</a> and other disorders. The <a href="/wiki/Essential_oil" title="Essential oil">essential oil</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Flavedo" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavedo">flavedo</a> (the outermost, pigmented layer of rind) was also regarded as an <a href="/wiki/Antibiotic" title="Antibiotic">antibiotic</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The juice of the citron has a high content of <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">vitamin C</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dietary_fiber" title="Dietary fiber">dietary fiber</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pectin" title="Pectin">pectin</a>) which can be extracted from the thick <a href="/wiki/Flavedo" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavedo">albedo</a> of the citron.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious">Religious</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Religious"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_Judaism">In Judaism</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: In Judaism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Etrog" title="Etrog">Etrog</a></div><p> The citron (the word for which in Hebrew is <i><a href="/wiki/Etrog" title="Etrog">etrog</a></i>) is used by Jews for a religious <a href="/wiki/Ritual" title="Ritual">ritual</a> during the Jewish harvest holiday of <a href="/wiki/Sukkot" title="Sukkot">Sukkot</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_Tabernacles" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast of Tabernacles">Feast of Tabernacles</a>; therefore, it is considered to be a Jewish symbol, one found on various Hebrew antiques and archaeological findings.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buddhahand2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Buddhahand2.jpg/220px-Buddhahand2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Buddhahand2.jpg/330px-Buddhahand2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Buddhahand2.jpg/440px-Buddhahand2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fingered_citron" class="mw-redirect" title="Fingered citron">Fingered citron</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_Buddhism">In Buddhism</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: In Buddhism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_hand" title="Buddha's hand">Buddha's hand</a></div> <p>A variety of citron native to <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> has sections that separate into finger-like parts and is used as an <a href="/wiki/Offering_(Buddhism)" title="Offering (Buddhism)">offering</a> in <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a> temples.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_Hinduism">In Hinduism</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: In Hinduism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, the citron (<a href="/wiki/Nepali_language" title="Nepali language">Nepali</a>: <span lang="ne">बिमिरो</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Nepali-language romanization"><i lang="ne-Latn">bimiro</i></span>) is worshipped during the <a href="/wiki/Bhai_Tika" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhai Tika">Bhai Tika</a> ceremony during <a href="/wiki/Tihar_(festival)" title="Tihar (festival)">Tihar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The worship is thought to stem from the belief that it is a favorite of <a href="/wiki/Yama" title="Yama">Yama</a>, Hindu god of death, and his sister <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_in_Hinduism" title="Yamuna in Hinduism">Yami</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perfumery">Perfumery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Perfumery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For many centuries, citron's fragrant essential oil (<b>oil of cedrate</b>) has been used in perfumery, the same oil that was used medicinally for its antibiotic properties. Its major constituent is <a href="/wiki/Limonene" title="Limonene">limonene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Etrog#Biblical_references" title="Etrog">Archaeological finds of citrons in Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etrog#Gallery" title="Etrog">Gallery of Etrog citrons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_hand#Gallery" title="Buddha's hand">Gallery of Fingered citrons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succade" title="Succade">Candied Fruit Peel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-hover"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cedri_BMK.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="In a German market, for culinary use"><img alt="In a German market, for culinary use" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Cedri_BMK.jpg/240px-Cedri_BMK.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Cedri_BMK.jpg/360px-Cedri_BMK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Cedri_BMK.jpg/479px-Cedri_BMK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">In a German market, for culinary use</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:4642_-_Cedri_al_mercato_di_Ortigia,_Siracusa_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto,_20_marzo_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="In fruit market of Italy"><img alt="In fruit market of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/4642_-_Cedri_al_mercato_di_Ortigia%2C_Siracusa_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20_marzo_2014.jpg/120px-4642_-_Cedri_al_mercato_di_Ortigia%2C_Siracusa_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20_marzo_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/4642_-_Cedri_al_mercato_di_Ortigia%2C_Siracusa_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20_marzo_2014.jpg/180px-4642_-_Cedri_al_mercato_di_Ortigia%2C_Siracusa_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20_marzo_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/4642_-_Cedri_al_mercato_di_Ortigia%2C_Siracusa_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20_marzo_2014.jpg/240px-4642_-_Cedri_al_mercato_di_Ortigia%2C_Siracusa_-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20_marzo_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="2816" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 60px"><div class="gallerytext">In fruit market of <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 146px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 144px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Citrons_leaves.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Naxos citrons and leaf"><img alt="Naxos citrons and leaf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Citrons_leaves.jpg/216px-Citrons_leaves.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Citrons_leaves.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="272" data-file-height="227" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 124px"><div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Naxos" title="Naxos">Naxos</a> citrons and leaf</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lipari-Citrons_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Citron or hybrid in Sicily"><img alt="Citron or hybrid in Sicily" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Lipari-Citrons_%283%29.jpg/135px-Lipari-Citrons_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Lipari-Citrons_%283%29.jpg/202px-Lipari-Citrons_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Lipari-Citrons_%283%29.jpg/270px-Lipari-Citrons_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 70px"><div class="gallerytext">Citron or <a href="/wiki/Citrus_hybrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus hybrid">hybrid</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A wild citron in India"><img alt="A wild citron in India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82.JPG/240px-%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82.JPG/360px-%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82.JPG/480px-%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1152" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 140px"><div class="gallerytext">A wild citron in India</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cidra_flor.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Citron flowers"><img alt="Citron flowers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Cidra_flor.JPG/135px-Cidra_flor.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Cidra_flor.JPG/202px-Cidra_flor.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Cidra_flor.JPG/270px-Cidra_flor.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 70px"><div class="gallerytext">Citron flowers</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Citrus_3859.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Unknown citron type in pot"><img alt="Unknown citron type in pot" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Citrus_3859.JPG/120px-Citrus_3859.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Citrus_3859.JPG/180px-Citrus_3859.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Citrus_3859.JPG/240px-Citrus_3859.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="5472" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 60px"><div class="gallerytext">Unknown citron type in pot</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 96.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 94.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:C%C3%A9drat.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A Corsican citron"><img alt="A Corsican citron" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/C%C3%A9drat.jpg/142px-C%C3%A9drat.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/C%C3%A9drat.jpg/213px-C%C3%A9drat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/C%C3%A9drat.jpg/285px-C%C3%A9drat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 75px"><div class="gallerytext">A <a href="/wiki/Corsican_citron" title="Corsican citron">Corsican citron</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bijora.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bijora - Citron fruit for sale at Bhujpur, Kutch, Gujarat, India"><img alt="Bijora - Citron fruit for sale at Bhujpur, Kutch, Gujarat, India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Bijora.jpg/135px-Bijora.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Bijora.jpg/202px-Bijora.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Bijora.jpg/270px-Bijora.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 70px"><div class="gallerytext">Bijora - Citron fruit for sale at Bhujpur, <a href="/wiki/Kutch_district" title="Kutch district">Kutch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Galgal_Lemon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Citron growing in Uttarakhand,"><img alt="Citron growing in Uttarakhand," src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Galgal_Lemon.jpg/135px-Galgal_Lemon.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Galgal_Lemon.jpg/202px-Galgal_Lemon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Galgal_Lemon.jpg/270px-Galgal_Lemon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="4096" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 70px"><div class="gallerytext">Citron growing in <a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a>,</div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Plummer, J. 2021. Citrus medica. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T62041221A62041228. Downloaded on 06 September 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFOllitraultCurkKrueger2020" class="citation book cs1">Ollitrault, Patrick; Curk, Franck; Krueger, Robert (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2wo4swEACAAJ&pg=PA57">"<i>Citrus</i> taxonomy"</a>. In Talon, Manuel; Caruso, Marco; Gmitter, Fred G Jr. (eds.). <i>The Citrus Genus</i>. 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Roose; Dopazo, Joaquin; Gmitter Jr, Frederick G.; Rokhsar, Daniel; Talon, Manuel (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature25447">"Genomics of the origin and evolution of <i>Citrus</i>"</a>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>554</b> (7692): 311–316. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Natur.554..311W">2018Natur.554..311W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature25447">10.1038/nature25447</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939%2F5741">20.500.11939/5741</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29414943">29414943</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Genomics+of+the+origin+and+evolution+of+Citrus&rft.volume=554&rft.issue=7692&rft.pages=311-316&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F20.500.11939%2F5741&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29414943&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature25447&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018Natur.554..311W&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Guohong+Albert&rft.au=Terol%2C+Javier&rft.au=Ibanez%2C+Victoria&rft.au=L%C3%B3pez-Garc%C3%ADa%2C+Antonio&rft.au=P%C3%A9rez-Rom%C3%A1n%2C+Estela&rft.au=Borred%C3%A1%2C+Carles&rft.au=Domingo%2C+Concha&rft.au=Tadeo%2C+Francisco+R&rft.au=Carbonell-Caballero%2C+Jose&rft.au=Alonso%2C+Roberto&rft.au=Curk%2C+Franck&rft.au=Du%2C+Dongliang&rft.au=Ollitrault%2C+Patrick&rft.au=Roose%2C+Mikeal+L.+Roose&rft.au=Dopazo%2C+Joaquin&rft.au=Gmitter+Jr%2C+Frederick+G.&rft.au=Rokhsar%2C+Daniel&rft.au=Talon%2C+Manuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1038%252Fnature25447&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFullerCastilloKingwell-BanhamQin2018" class="citation book cs1">Fuller, Dorian Q.; Castillo, Cristina; Kingwell-Banham, Eleanor; Qin, Ling; Weisskopf, Alison (15 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.openedition.org/pcjb/2173?lang=en#ftn2">"Charred pummelo peel, historical linguistics and other tree crops: Approaches to framing the historical context of early Citrus cultivation in East, South and Southeast Asia"</a>. <i>AGRUMED: Archaeology and history of citrus fruit in the Mediterranean : Acclimatization, diversifications, uses</i>. Publications du Centre Jean Bérard. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782918887775" title="Special:BookSources/9782918887775"><bdi>9782918887775</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Charred+pummelo+peel%2C+historical+linguistics+and+other+tree+crops%3A+Approaches+to+framing+the+historical+context+of+early+Citrus+cultivation+in+East%2C+South+and+Southeast+Asia&rft.btitle=AGRUMED%3A+Archaeology+and+history+of+citrus+fruit+in+the+Mediterranean+%3A+Acclimatization%2C+diversifications%2C+uses&rft.pub=Publications+du+Centre+Jean+B%C3%A9rard&rft.date=2018-01-15&rft.isbn=9782918887775&rft.aulast=Fuller&rft.aufirst=Dorian+Q.&rft.au=Castillo%2C+Cristina&rft.au=Kingwell-Banham%2C+Eleanor&rft.au=Qin%2C+Ling&rft.au=Weisskopf%2C+Alison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.openedition.org%2Fpcjb%2F2173%3Flang%3Den%23ftn2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/citrus-fruits-">"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Welcome+to+Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fcitrus-fruits-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Inquiry into Plants</i> 4.iv.2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErich_Isaac1959" class="citation journal cs1">Erich Isaac (January 1959). 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CRC Press. p. 424. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780849389818" title="Special:BookSources/9780849389818"><bdi>9780849389818</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foods+%26+Nutrition+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=424&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9780849389818&rft.au=Marion+Eugene+Ensminger&rft.au=Audrey+H.+Ensminger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Do3UD2iL4sAAC%26q%3DAlexander%2Bthe%2Bgreat%2Bcitron%26pg%3DPA424&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancesco_Calabrese2003" class="citation book cs1">Francesco Calabrese (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OLaykfpqSaYC&q=alexander+the+great+citron&pg=PA4">"Origin and history"</a>. 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CRC Press. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780203216613" title="Special:BookSources/9780203216613"><bdi>9780203216613</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Origin+and+history&rft.btitle=Citrus%3A+The+Citrus+Genus&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780203216613&rft.au=Francesco+Calabrese&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOLaykfpqSaYC%26q%3Dalexander%2Bthe%2Bgreat%2Bcitron%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SmRJnd73dbYC&dq=alexander+the+great+citron&pg=PA7">Biology of Citrus</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2016">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFH._Harold_Hume2007" class="citation book cs1">H. Harold Hume (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WP3ohzxbRxgC&q=alexander+the+great+citron&pg=PA59"><i>Citrus Fruits and Their Culture</i></a>. Read Books. p. 59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781406781564" title="Special:BookSources/9781406781564"><bdi>9781406781564</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Citrus+Fruits+and+Their+Culture&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Read+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781406781564&rft.au=H.+Harold+Hume&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWP3ohzxbRxgC%26q%3Dalexander%2Bthe%2Bgreat%2Bcitron%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmmanuel_Bonavia1888" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Bonavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmanuel Bonavia">Emmanuel Bonavia</a> (1888). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tsNBAAAAIAAJ&q=alexander%20the%20great%20citron&pg=PA255"><i>The Cultivated Oranges and Lemons, Etc. of India and Ceylon</i></a>. W. H. Allen. p. 255.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cultivated+Oranges+and+Lemons%2C+Etc.+of+India+and+Ceylon&rft.pages=255&rft.pub=W.+H.+Allen&rft.date=1888&rft.au=Emmanuel+Bonavia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtsNBAAAAIAAJ%26q%3Dalexander%2520the%2520great%2520citron%26pg%3DPA255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBritain)1894" class="citation journal cs1">Britain), Royal Horticultural Society (Great (1894). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=21oCAAAAYAAJ&q=citron+persian+gulf&pg=RA3-PR20">"Scientific Committee, March 28, 1893: The Antiquity of the Citron in Egypt"</a>. <i>Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society</i>. <b>16</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Horticultural+Society&rft.atitle=Scientific+Committee%2C+March+28%2C+1893%3A+The+Antiquity+of+the+Citron+in+Egypt&rft.volume=16&rft.date=1894&rft.aulast=Britain%29&rft.aufirst=Royal+Horticultural+Society+%28Great&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D21oCAAAAYAAJ%26q%3Dcitron%2Bpersian%2Bgulf%26pg%3DRA3-PR20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamón-Laca2003" class="citation journal cs1">Ramón-Laca, L. (Winter 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1663%2F0013-0001%282003%29057%5B0502%3Atiocct%5D2.0.co%3B2">"The Introduction of Cultivated Citrus to Europe via Northern Africa and the Iberian Peninsula"</a>. <i>Economic Botany</i>. <b>57</b> (4): 502–514. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1663%2F0013-0001%282003%29057%5B0502%3Atiocct%5D2.0.co%3B2">10.1663/0013-0001(2003)057[0502:tiocct]2.0.co;2</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:33447866">33447866</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Economic+Botany&rft.atitle=The+Introduction+of+Cultivated+Citrus+to+Europe+via+Northern+Africa+and+the+Iberian+Peninsula&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=502-514&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1663%2F0013-0001%282003%29057%5B0502%3Atiocct%5D2.0.co%3B2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A33447866%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Ram%C3%B3n-Laca&rft.aufirst=L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1663%252F0013-0001%25282003%2529057%255B0502%253Atiocct%255D2.0.co%253B2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Historia plantarum</i> 4.4.2–3 (<i>exc.</i> Athenaeus <i>Deipnosophistae</i> 3.83.d-f); cf. Vergil <i>Georgics</i> 2.126-135; Pliny <i>Naturalis historia</i> 12.15,16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/citrus-fruits-">"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Welcome+to+Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fcitrus-fruits-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBritain)1894" class="citation journal cs1">Britain), Royal Horticultural Society (Great (1894). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=21oCAAAAYAAJ&q=citron+persian+gulf&pg=RA3-PR20">"Scientific Committee, March 28, 1893: The Antiquity of the Citron in Egypt"</a>. <i>Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society</i>. <b>16</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Horticultural+Society&rft.atitle=Scientific+Committee%2C+March+28%2C+1893%3A+The+Antiquity+of+the+Citron+in+Egypt&rft.volume=16&rft.date=1894&rft.aulast=Britain%29&rft.aufirst=Royal+Horticultural+Society+%28Great&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D21oCAAAAYAAJ%26q%3Dcitron%2Bpersian%2Bgulf%26pg%3DRA3-PR20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Historia plantarum</i> 1.13.4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D13%3Achapter%3D31">"Chap. 31.—The Citron-Tree"</a>. <i>Perseus Digital Library</i>. Tufts University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Perseus+Digital+Library&rft.atitle=Chap.+31.%E2%80%94The+Citron-Tree&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.02.0137%253Abook%253D13%253Achapter%253D31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span> excerpting from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_BostockH._T._Riley1855" class="citation book cs1">John Bostock; H. T. Riley, eds. (1855). <i>The Natural History. Pliny the Elder</i>. London: Taylor and Francis.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Natural+History.+Pliny+the+Elder.&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Taylor+and+Francis&rft.date=1855&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D12%3Achapter%3D7">"Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, Book XII. The Natural History of Trees, Chap. 7. (3.)—How the Citron Is Planted"</a>. Tufts University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pliny+the+Elder%2C+The+Natural+History%2C+Book+XII.+The+Natural+History+of+Trees%2C+Chap.+7.+%283.%29%E2%80%94How+the+Citron+Is+Planted.&rft.pub=Tufts+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.02.0137%253Abook%253D12%253Achapter%253D7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D23%3Achapter%3D56">"Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, Book XXIII. The Remedies Derived from the Cultivated Trees., Chap. 56.—Citrons: Five Observations upon Them"</a>. Tufts University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pliny+the+Elder%2C+The+Natural+History%2C+Book+XXIII.+The+Remedies+Derived+from+the+Cultivated+Trees.%2C+Chap.+56.%E2%80%94Citrons%3A+Five+Observations+upon+Them.&rft.pub=Tufts+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.02.0137%253Abook%253D23%253Achapter%253D56&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_al-'Awwam1864" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-%27Awwam" title="Ibn al-'Awwam">Ibn al-'Awwam, Yaḥyá</a> (1864). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lelivredelagric00algoog/page/n14/mode/2up"><i>Le livre de l'agriculture d'Ibn-al-Awam (kitab-al-felahah)</i></a> (in French). Translated by J.-J. Clement-Mullet. Paris: A. Franck. pp. 292–297 (ch. 7 - Article 29). <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/780050566">780050566</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+livre+de+l%27agriculture+d%27Ibn-al-Awam+%28kitab-al-felahah%29&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=292-297+%28ch.+7+-+Article+29%29&rft.pub=A.+Franck&rft.date=1864&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F780050566&rft.aulast=Ibn+al-%27Awwam&rft.aufirst=Ya%E1%B8%A5y%C3%A1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flelivredelagric00algoog%2Fpage%2Fn14%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span> (pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lelivredelagric00algoog/page/n400/mode/2up">292</a>–297 (Article XXIX)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Un curieux Cedrat marocain</i>, Chapot 1950.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ramadugu-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ramadugu_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramadugu_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamaduguKeremaneHuKarp2015" class="citation journal cs1">Ramadugu, Chandrika; Keremane, Manjunath L; Hu, Xulan; Karp, David; Frederici, Claire T; Kahn, Tracy; Roose, Mikeal L; Lee, Richard F. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.scienta.2015.09.004">"Genetic analysis of citron (<i>Citrus medica</i> L.) using simple sequence repeats and single nucleotide polymorphisms"</a>. <i>Scientia Horticulturae</i>. <b>195</b>: 124–137. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.scienta.2015.09.004">10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.004</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientia+Horticulturae&rft.atitle=Genetic+analysis+of+citron+%28Citrus+medica+L.%29+using+simple+sequence+repeats+and+single+nucleotide+polymorphisms&rft.volume=195&rft.pages=124-137&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.scienta.2015.09.004&rft.aulast=Ramadugu&rft.aufirst=Chandrika&rft.au=Keremane%2C+Manjunath+L&rft.au=Hu%2C+Xulan&rft.au=Karp%2C+David&rft.au=Frederici%2C+Claire+T&rft.au=Kahn%2C+Tracy&rft.au=Roose%2C+Mikeal+L&rft.au=Lee%2C+Richard+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.scienta.2015.09.004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080308005736/http://lib.ucr.edu/agnic/webber/Vol1/Chapter4.html#acid">"Website Disabled"</a>. University of California, Riverside. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lib.ucr.edu/agnic/webber/Vol1/Chapter4.html#acid">the original</a> on 2008-03-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Website+Disabled&rft.pub=University+of+California%2C+Riverside&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flib.ucr.edu%2Fagnic%2Fwebber%2FVol1%2FChapter4.html%23acid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeena,_Ajay_KumarKandale,_AjitRao,_M._M.Panda,_P.2011" class="citation journal cs1">Meena, Ajay Kumar; Kandale, Ajit; Rao, M. M.; Panda, P.; Reddy, Govind (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234002705">"A review on citron-pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and medicinal uses"</a>. <i>The Journal of Pharmacy</i>. <b>2</b> (1): 14–20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Pharmacy&rft.atitle=A+review+on+citron-pharmacognosy%2C+phytochemistry+and+medicinal+uses&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=14-20&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Meena%2C+Ajay+Kumar&rft.au=Kandale%2C+Ajit&rft.au=Rao%2C+M.+M.&rft.au=Panda%2C+P.&rft.au=Reddy%2C+Govind&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F234002705&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citrusvariety.ucr.edu/citrus/ponderosa.html">"ponderosa"</a>. <i>citrusvariety.ucr.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=citrusvariety.ucr.edu&rft.atitle=ponderosa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcitrusvariety.ucr.edu%2Fcitrus%2Fponderosa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220073239/http://www.jainworld.com/jainfoodrecipes/pic_bijora.asp">"Bijora Pickle"</a>. Jain World. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jainworld.com/jainfoodrecipes/pic_bijora.asp">the original</a> on 2016-12-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bijora+Pickle&rft.pub=Jain+World&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jainworld.com%2Fjainfoodrecipes%2Fpic_bijora.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrederick_Hardy1924" class="citation journal cs1">Frederick Hardy (1924). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1259415">"The Extraction of Pectin from the Fruit Rind of the Lime (<i>Citrus medica acida</i>)"</a>. <i>Biochemical Journal</i>. <b>18</b> (2): 283–290. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1042%2Fbj0180283">10.1042/bj0180283</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1259415">1259415</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16743304">16743304</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Extraction+of+Pectin+from+the+Fruit+Rind+of+the+Lime+%28Citrus+medica+acida%29&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=283-290&rft.date=1924&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1259415%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16743304&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1042%2Fbj0180283&rft.au=Frederick+Hardy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1259415&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="/wiki/Etrog" title="Etrog">Etrog</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citrusvariety.ucr.edu/citrus/buddha.html">"buddha"</a>. <i>citrusvariety.ucr.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=citrusvariety.ucr.edu&rft.atitle=buddha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcitrusvariety.ucr.edu%2Fcitrus%2Fbuddha.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shikshakmasik.com/3599/esewa.com.np">"बिमिरो पूजासँगै खाउँ पनि!"</a>. <i>shikshakmasik.com</i> (in Nepali)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=shikshakmasik.com&rft.atitle=%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%88+%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%81+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshikshakmasik.com%2F3599%2Fesewa.com.np&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNasana2016" class="citation web cs1">Nasana (2016-10-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehimalayantimes.com/lifestyle/decoding-bhai-tika-symbols-tihar-festival">"Decoding Bhai Tika symbols"</a>. <i>The Himalayan Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Himalayan+Times&rft.atitle=Decoding+Bhai+Tika+symbols&rft.date=2016-10-29&rft.au=Nasana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehimalayantimes.com%2Flifestyle%2Fdecoding-bhai-tika-symbols-tihar-festival&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInouye,_S.Takizawa,_T.Yamaguchi,_H.2001" class="citation journal cs1">Inouye, S.; Takizawa, T.; Yamaguchi, H. (2001). "Antibacterial activity of essential oils and their major constituents against respiratory tract pathogens by gaseous contact". <i>Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy</i>. <b>47</b> (5): 565–573. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjac%2F47.5.565">10.1093/jac/47.5.565</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11328766">11328766</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Antimicrobial+Chemotherapy&rft.atitle=Antibacterial+activity+of+essential+oils+and+their+major+constituents+against+respiratory+tract+pathogens+by+gaseous+contact&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=565-573&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjac%2F47.5.565&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11328766&rft.au=Inouye%2C+S.&rft.au=Takizawa%2C+T.&rft.au=Yamaguchi%2C+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitron" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>H. Harold Hume, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y6c4AAAAMAAJ&dq=greek+citron&pg=PA59">Citrus Fruits and Their Culture</a></i></li> <li>Frederick J. Simoons, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Fo087ZxohA4C&dq=citron+mesopotamia&pg=PA200">Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry</a></i></li> <li>Pinhas Spiegel-Roy, Eliezer E. Goldschmidt, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S0-h00_-3CUC&pg=PA4">Biology of Citrus</a></i></li> <li>Alphonse de Candolle, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kqcMAAAAYAAJ&dq=citrus+medica+mesopotamia&pg=PA178">Origin of Cultivated Plants</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citron&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Citrus medica">Citrus medica</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <wbr /><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Citrus_medica" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Citrus medica">Citrus medica</a></b></i> and <wbr /><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Citrons_(Citrus_medica)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Citrons (Citrus medica)">Citrons (Citrus medica)</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?10745">USDA Plants Profile – <i>Citrus medica</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924133703/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?10745">Archived</a> 2015-09-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/citron.html">"Citron"</a> Purdue University</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070822234415/http://plantbiology.ucr.edu/people/?Roose#CitrusDiversity">University of California- "Citrus Diversity"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606041237/http://www.flavorandfortune.com/dataaccess/article.php?ID=162">Buddha's Hand citron</a> by <a href="/wiki/David_Karp_(pomologist)" title="David Karp (pomologist)">David Karp (pomologist)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Citrus" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Citrus" title="Template:Citrus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Citrus" title="Template talk:Citrus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Citrus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Citrus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Citrus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus">Citrus</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">True <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_lime" title="Australian lime">Australian and Papuan wild limes group</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_cavaleriei" title="Citrus cavaleriei">Ichang papeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaffir_lime" title="Kaffir lime">Kaffir lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumquat" title="Kumquat">Kumquats group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange" title="Mandarin orange">Mandarin orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangshanyegan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangshanyegan">Mangshanyegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_halimii" title="Citrus halimii">Mountain citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomelo" title="Pomelo">Pomelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_ryukyuensis" title="Citrus ryukyuensis">Ryukyu mandarin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major <a href="/wiki/Citrus_hybrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus hybrid">hybrids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grapefruit" title="Grapefruit">Grapefruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemon" title="Lemon">Lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lime_(fruit)" title="Lime (fruit)">Lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">Orange</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Citrus_%C3%97_sinensis" title="Citrus × sinensis">sweet orange</a>)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">True and hybrid<br /><a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">cultivars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_macrophylla" title="Citrus macrophylla">Alemow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amanatsu" title="Amanatsu">Amanatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam_lemon" title="Assam lemon">Assam lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergamot_orange" title="Bergamot orange">Bergamot orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bizzarria" title="Bizzarria">Bizzarria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitter_orange" title="Bitter orange">Bitter orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_lime" title="Blood lime">Blood lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_orange" title="Blood orange">Blood orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byeonggyul" title="Byeonggyul">Byeonggyul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biasong" class="mw-redirect" title="Biasong">Biasong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cam_s%C3%A0nh" title="Cam sành">Cam sành</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cara_cara_navel" title="Cara cara navel">Cara cara navel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrange" title="Citrange">Citrange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrumelo" title="Citrumelo">Citrumelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine" title="Clementine">Clementine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coorg_orange" title="Coorg orange">Coorg orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daidai" title="Daidai">Daidai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dekopon" title="Dekopon">Dekopon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Encore%27_mandarin" title="'Encore' mandarin">Encore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_tangerine" title="Fairchild tangerine">Fairchild tangerine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florentine_citron" title="Florentine citron">Florentine citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_fruit_(citrus)" title="Forbidden fruit (citrus)">Forbidden fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_assamensis" title="Citrus assamensis">Ginger lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haruka_(citrus)" title="Haruka (citrus)">Haruka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassaku" title="Hassaku">Hassaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebesu" title="Hebesu">Hebesu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heen_naran" title="Heen naran">Heen naran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyuganatsu" title="Hyuganatsu">Hyuganatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_lemon" title="Imperial lemon">Imperial lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_indica" title="Citrus indica">Indian wild orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyokan" title="Iyokan">Iyokan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabara_(citrus)" title="Jabara (citrus)">Jabara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaffa_orange" title="Jaffa orange">Jaffa orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_tangelo" title="Jamaican tangelo">Jamaican tangelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabbad" title="Kabbad">Kabbad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabosu" title="Kabosu">Kabosu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaji_Nemu" title="Kaji Nemu">Kaji Nemu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_gracilis" title="Citrus gracilis">Kakadu lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpi_(fruit)" title="Kalpi (fruit)">Kalpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanpei" title="Kanpei">Kanpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawachi_bankan" title="Kawachi bankan">Kawachi bankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_lime" title="Key lime">Key lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_latipes" title="Citrus latipes">Khasi papeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinkoji_unshiu" title="Kinkoji unshiu">Kinkoji unshiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinnow" title="Kinnow">Kinnow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishu_mikan" title="Kishu mikan">Kishu mikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiyomi" title="Kiyomi">Kiyomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobayashi_mikan" title="Kobayashi mikan">Kobayashi mikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koji_orange" title="Koji orange">Koji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komikan_(fruit)" title="Komikan (fruit)">Komikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laraha" title="Laraha">Laraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemonade_fruit" title="Lemonade fruit">Lemonade fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lim%C3%B3n_de_Pica" title="Limón de Pica">Limón de Pica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumia_(citrus)" title="Lumia (citrus)">Lumia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandelo" title="Mandelo">Mandelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandora_(fruit)" title="Mandora (fruit)">Mandora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_macroptera" title="Citrus macroptera">Melanesian papeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melogold" title="Melogold">Melogold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meyer_lemon" title="Meyer lemon">Meyer lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micrantha_(citrus)" title="Micrantha (citrus)">Micrantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midknight_Valencia_Orange" title="Midknight Valencia Orange">Midknight Valencia Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murcott_(fruit)" title="Murcott (fruit)">Murcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_myrtifolia" title="Citrus myrtifolia">Myrtle-leaved orange tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagpur_orange" title="Nagpur orange">Nagpur orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_%C3%97_amblycarpa" title="Citrus × amblycarpa">Nasnaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_grapefruit" title="New Zealand grapefruit">New Zealand grapefruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cgonkan" title="Ōgonkan">Ōgonkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orangelo" title="Orangelo">Orangelo/Chironja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oroblanco" title="Oroblanco">Oroblanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_sweet_lime" title="Palestinian sweet lime">Palestinian sweet lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_lime" title="Persian lime">Persian lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixie_mandarin" title="Pixie mandarin">Pixie mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompia" title="Pompia">Pompia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponderosa_lemon" title="Ponderosa lemon">Ponderosa lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponkan" title="Ponkan">Ponkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangpur_(fruit)" title="Rangpur (fruit)">Rangpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reikou" title="Reikou">Reikou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhobs_el_Arsa" title="Rhobs el Arsa">Rhobs el Arsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rough_lemon" title="Rough lemon">Rough lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuyao" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuyao">Samuyao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanbokan" title="Sanbokan">Sanbokan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_unshiu" title="Citrus unshiu">Satsuma mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setoka" title="Setoka">Setoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangjuan" title="Shangjuan">Shangjuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shonan_Gold" title="Shonan Gold">Shonan Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Red_Valencia" title="Smith Red Valencia">Smith Red Valencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudachi" title="Sudachi">Sudachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koji_orange#Varieties" title="Koji orange">Suruga yuko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_lemon" title="Sweet lemon">Sweet lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_limetta" title="Citrus limetta">Sweet limetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangelo" title="Tangelo">Tangelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangerine" title="Tangerine">Tangerine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangor" title="Tangor">Tangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsunonozomi" title="Tsunonozomi">Tsunonozomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencia_orange" title="Valencia orange">Valencia orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variegated_pink_lemon" title="Variegated pink lemon">Variegated pink lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkamer_lemon" title="Volkamer lemon">Volkamer lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_longispina" title="Citrus longispina">Winged lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X%C3%A3_%C4%90o%C3%A0i_orange" title="Xã Đoài orange">Xã Đoài orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABk%C5%8D" title="Yūkō">Yūkō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzu" title="Yuzu">Yuzu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Citrons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balady_citron" title="Balady citron">Balady citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsican_citron" title="Corsican citron">Corsican citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamante_citron" title="Diamante citron">Diamante citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fingered_citron" class="mw-redirect" title="Fingered citron">Fingered citron/Buddha's hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_citron" title="Greek citron">Greek citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_citron" title="Moroccan citron">Moroccan citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemenite_citron" title="Yemenite citron">Yemenite citron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange_varieties" title="Mandarin orange varieties">Mandarin oranges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_reshni" title="Citrus reshni">Cleopatra mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_depressa" title="Citrus depressa">Shīkwāsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanfengmiju" title="Nanfengmiju">Nanfengmiju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachibana_orange" title="Tachibana orange">Tachibana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_x_deliciosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus x deliciosa">Willowleaf orange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papeda_(citrus)" title="Papeda (citrus)">Papedas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_celebica" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus celebica">Celebes papeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_halimii" title="Citrus halimii">Mountain "citron"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_ichangensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus ichangensis">Ichang papeda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pomelos" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomelos">Pomelos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banpeiyu" title="Banpeiyu">Banpeiyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangyuja" title="Dangyuja">Dangyuja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kumquat" title="Kumquat">Kumquats</a> group</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kumquat species</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_hindsii" title="Citrus hindsii">Hong Kong kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_crassifolia" title="Citrus crassifolia">Meiwa kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_margarita" title="Citrus margarita">Oval kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_japonica" title="Citrus japonica">Round kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_obovata" title="Citrus obovata">Jiangsu kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_swinglei" title="Citrus swinglei">Malayan kumquat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kumquat hybrids <br />(<a href="/wiki/Hybrid_name" title="Hybrid name">×</a> <a href="/wiki/Citrofortunella" title="Citrofortunella">Citrofortunella</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calamansi" title="Calamansi">Calamansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrangequat" title="Citrangequat">Citrangequat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limequat" title="Limequat">Limequat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandarinquat" title="Mandarinquat">Mandarinquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procimequat" title="Procimequat">Procimequat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunquat" title="Sunquat">Sunquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzuquat" title="Yuzuquat">Yuzuquat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australian_lime" title="Australian lime">Australian<br />and Papuan<br />wild limes group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Eromocitrus</i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_glauca" title="Citrus glauca">Desert lime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Microcitrus</i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_warburgiana" title="Citrus warburgiana">New Guinea wild lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_australis" title="Citrus australis">Australian round lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_inodora" title="Citrus inodora">Russell River lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_maideniana" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus maideniana">Maiden's wild lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_garrawayi" title="Citrus garrawayi">Mount White lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_australasica" title="Citrus australasica">Australian finger lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_wintersii" title="Citrus wintersii">Brown River finger lime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Clymenia_(plant)" title="Clymenia (plant)">Clymenia</a></i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clymenia_platypoda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clymenia platypoda (page does not exist)">Clymenia platypoda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clymenia_polyandra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clymenia polyandra (page does not exist)">Clymenia polyandra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/False_orange" title="False orange">Oxanthera</a></i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_oxanthera" title="Citrus oxanthera">Orange-flowered oxanthera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_neocaledonica" title="Citrus neocaledonica">Large-leaf oxanthera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_undulata" title="Citrus undulata">Wavy-leaf oxanthera</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oxanthera_brevipes" title="Oxanthera brevipes">Oxanthera brevipes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy#Trifoliate_orange" title="Citrus taxonomy">Related genera</a><br />(perhaps<br />properly <i>Citrus</i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Trifoliate_orange" title="Trifoliate orange">Poncirus</a></i>/<a href="/wiki/Trifoliate_orange" title="Trifoliate orange">Trifoliate orange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drinks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calamansi_juice" class="mw-redirect" title="Calamansi juice">Calamansi juice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABhai" title="Chūhai">Chūhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao_(liqueur)" title="Curaçao (liqueur)">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_lime_tea" title="Dried lime tea">Dried lime tea (noomi basra)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapefruit_juice" title="Grapefruit juice">Grapefruit juice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemonade" title="Lemonade">Lemonade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limeade" title="Limeade">Limeade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_juice" title="Orange juice">Orange juice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuja-hwachae" title="Yuja-hwachae">Yuja-hwachae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuja_tea" title="Yuja tea">Yuja tea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_citrate" title="Calcium citrate">Calcium citrate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citric_acid" title="Citric acid">Citric acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biphenyl" title="Biphenyl">Lemonene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limonene" title="Limonene">Limonene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neroli" title="Neroli">Neroli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_flower_water" title="Orange flower water">Orange flower water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_oil" title="Orange oil">Orange oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orangeat" class="mw-redirect" title="Orangeat">Orangeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succade" title="Succade">Succade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zest_(ingredient)" title="Zest (ingredient)">Zest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_citrus_diseases" title="List of citrus diseases">Diseases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_black_spot" title="Citrus black spot">Black spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_canker" title="Citrus canker">Canker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_tristeza_virus" title="Citrus tristeza virus">CTV/Tristeza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_exocortis" title="Citrus exocortis">Exocortis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_greening_disease" title="Citrus greening disease">Greening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoma_tracheiphila" title="Phoma tracheiphila">Mal secco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phytophthora" title="Phytophthora">Phytophthora</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phytophthora_citricola" title="Phytophthora citricola">citricola</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Citrus botanists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clara_H._Hasse" title="Clara H. Hasse">Clara H. Hasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Willard_Hodgson" title="Robert Willard Hodgson">Robert Willard Hodgson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_B._Smithers_Hughes" title="Lena B. Smithers Hughes">Lena B. Smithers Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Mabberley" title="David Mabberley">David Mabberley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_Rodier" title="Clément Rodier">Clément Rodier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Soost" title="Robert Soost">Robert Soost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Tennyson_Swingle" title="Walter Tennyson Swingle">Walter Tennyson Swingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dzabur%C5%8D_Tanaka" title="Chōzaburō Tanaka">Chōzaburō Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikuro_Takahashi_(botanist)" title="Ikuro Takahashi (botanist)">Ikuro Takahashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Christoph_Volkamer" title="Johann Christoph Volkamer">Johann Christoph Volkamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_John_Webber" title="Herbert John Webber">Herbert John Webber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Citrus_Industry" title="The Citrus Industry">The Citrus Industry</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_production" title="Citrus production">Citrus production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_rootstock" title="Citrus rootstock">Citrus rootstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy" title="Citrus taxonomy">Citrus taxonomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold-hardy_citrus" title="Cold-hardy citrus">Cold-hardy citrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperidium" title="Hesperidium">Hesperidium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_citrus" title="Japanese citrus">Japanese citrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_citrus_fruits" title="List of citrus fruits">List of citrus fruits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Orange_Tree" title="Mother Orange Tree">Mother Orange Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orangery" title="Orangery">Orangery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Citrus_Experiment_Station" title="University of California Citrus Experiment Station">University of California Citrus Experiment Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Riverside_Citrus_Variety_Collection" title="University of California, Riverside Citrus Variety Collection">University of California, Riverside Citrus Variety Collection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Citrus" title="Category:Citrus">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Citrus_production" title="Category:Citrus production">Production</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Citrus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Citrus">Commons</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Citrus medica</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150064" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q150064">Q150064</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Citrus_medica" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Citrus medica">Citrus medica</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">AoFP: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/Plant.aspx?id=1826">1826</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APA: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://floraofalabama.org/Plant.aspx?id=3305">3305</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APDB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/90374">90374</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=254497">254497</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/VMLC">VMLC</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ecocrop" title="Ecocrop">Ecocrop</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecocrop.review.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=716">716</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/582203">582203</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/CIDME">CIDME</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/European_Nature_Information_System" class="mw-redirect" title="European Nature Information System">EUNIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eunis.eea.europa.eu/species/181684">181684</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200012432">200012432</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">FoC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200012432">200012432</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/3190157">3190157</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=10745">10745</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/123356">123356</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/59603-2">59603-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10456371">10456371</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=28886">28886</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/62041221">62041221</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.128933/">2.128933</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=171251">171251</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/46d0f52a-a41f-440c-ada3-c5e608320173">46d0f52a-a41f-440c-ada3-c5e608320173</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/133819/">133819</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=798604">798604</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2724208">kew-2724208</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/CIME3">CIME3</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A59603-2">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:59603-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/28100004">28100004</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">WoI: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wildflowers.co.il/english/plant.asp?ID=797">797</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000608140">wfo-0000608140</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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