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međutim, to nije obavezno" class=""><span>Napravi korisnički račun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Korisni%C4%8Dka_prijava&returnto=Povr%C5%A1inska+svjetlost" title="Predlažemo vam da se prijavite, iako to nije obavezno [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prijavi me</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Više opcija" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lični alati" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lični alati</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Korisnički meni" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bs.wikipedia.org&uselang=bs"><span>Donacije</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Napravi_ra%C4%8Dun&returnto=Povr%C5%A1inska+svjetlost" title="Predlažemo vam da napravite račun i prijavite se; međutim, to nije obavezno"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Napravi korisnički račun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Korisni%C4%8Dka_prijava&returnto=Povr%C5%A1inska+svjetlost" title="Predlažemo vam da se prijavite, iako to nije obavezno [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Prijavi me</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stranice za odjavljene urednike <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%87:Uvod" aria-label="Saznajte više o uređivanju"><span>detaljnije</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Moji_doprinosi" title="Spisak izmjena napravljenih s ove IP-adrese [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Doprinosi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Moj_razgovor" title="Rasprava o izmjenama s ove IP-adrese [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Ezatvori\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"bs\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Ctable class=\"fmbox fmbox-system\" role=\"presentation\" style=\"border:1px solid #409262; 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Dostupno na 25 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD" title="سطوع السطح – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سطوع السطح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rellumu_superficial" title="Rellumu superficial – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rellumu superficial" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99th_parlaql%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Səth parlaqlığı – azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Səth parlaqlığı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Паверхневая яркасць – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паверхневая яркасць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Повърхностна яркост – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Повърхностна яркост" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="পৃষ্ঠ উজ্জ্বলতা – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পৃষ্ঠ উজ্জ্বলতা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lluentor_superficial" title="Lluentor superficial – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lluentor superficial" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plo%C5%A1n%C3%A1_jasnost" title="Plošná jasnost – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Plošná jasnost" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%A4chenhelligkeit" title="Flächenhelligkeit – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Flächenhelligkeit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_brightness" title="Surface brightness – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Surface brightness" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surfaca_heleco" title="Surfaca heleco – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Surfaca heleco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brillo_superficial" title="Brillo superficial – španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Brillo superficial" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintakirkkaus" title="Pintakirkkaus – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pintakirkkaus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brillance_de_surface" title="Brillance de surface – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Brillance de surface" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminosit%C3%A0_superficiale" title="Luminosità superficiale – italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Luminosità superficiale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E8%BC%9D%E5%BA%A6" title="表面輝度 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="表面輝度" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D2%9B%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Беттік жарықтық – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Беттік жарықтық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%91%9C%EB%A9%B4%EB%B0%9D%EA%B8%B0" title="표면밝기 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="표면밝기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%A4chenhellegkeet" title="Flächenhellegkeet – luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Flächenhellegkeet" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%98" title="Површински сјај – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Површински сјај" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brilho_superficial" title="Brilho superficial – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Brilho superficial" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Поверхностная яркость – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Поверхностная яркость" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%BCzey_parlakl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Yüzey parlaklığı – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yüzey parlaklığı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Яскравість поверхні – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Яскравість поверхні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%A2%E4%BA%AE%E5%BA%A6" title="面亮度 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="面亮度" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">S Wikipedije, slobodne enciklopedije</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bs" dir="ltr"><p><b>Površinska svjetlost</b> je sjajnost određenog dijela neba <sup id="cite_ref-Michigan_SB_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michigan_SB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ona se koristi u <a href="/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija">astronomiji</a> za obuhvatanje sjajnosti svemirskih objekata poput <a href="/wiki/Galaksija" title="Galaksija">galaksija</a> koji zauzimaju veliki prostor. <sup id="cite_ref-Uni_Goettingen_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uni_Goettingen-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ona se izražava u sjajnosti po <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prostorni_ugao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prostorni ugao (stranica ne postoji)">prostornom uglu</a> s <a href="/wiki/Mjerna_jedinica" title="Mjerna jedinica">mjernom jedinicom</a>: </p><p><br /> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B={\frac {L}{\Omega }}={\frac {mag}{arcsec^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>B</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>L</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>e</mi> <msup> <mi>c</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B={\frac {L}{\Omega }}={\frac {mag}{arcsec^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2ba79e8a0ea9e399b6dc727a0b354f804eca8122" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:18.832ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B={\frac {L}{\Omega }}={\frac {mag}{arcsec^{2}}}}"></span> <sup id="cite_ref-Michigan_SB_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michigan_SB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Uni_Goettingen_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uni_Goettingen-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> . </p><p><br /> Svjetleće površine se na <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Zemlja">Zemlji</a> izražavaju: </p><p><br /> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B={\frac {L}{\Omega }}={\frac {cd}{m^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>B</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>L</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> <msup> <mi>m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B={\frac {L}{\Omega }}={\frac {cd}{m^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0584db6890882a9a5148811f937603e3e497cd28" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:14.406ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B={\frac {L}{\Omega }}={\frac {cd}{m^{2}}}}"></span> <sup id="cite_ref-Svetlotehnicki_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Svetlotehnicki-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> Za upotrebu u astronomiji ove mjerne jedinice se preračunavaju. </p><p>Površinska svjetlost se izračuna za svaki objekat i neovisina je od <a href="/wiki/Udaljenost" class="mw-redirect" title="Udaljenost">razdaljine</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-Uni_Goettingen_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uni_Goettingen-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p><p>Oko 50% do sada otkrivenih galaksija imaju veoma slabu površinsku svjetlost. <sup id="cite_ref-COSMOS_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-COSMOS-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Njihove <a href="/wiki/Zvijezda" title="Zvijezda">zvijezde</a> su relativno mlade odnosno nerazvijene zbog odsustva teških <a href="/wiki/Hemijski_element" title="Hemijski element">elemenata</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-COSMOS_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-COSMOS-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povr%C5%A1inska_svjetlost&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak "Reference"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povr%C5%A1inska_svjetlost&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Reference"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Michigan_SB-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Michigan_SB_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Michigan_SB_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dept.astro.lsa.umich.edu/ugactivities/Labs/brightness/index.html">Svjetlost i površinska svjetlost, članak s portala na astronomskom univerzitetu u Michiganu, SAD</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304230543/https://dept.astro.lsa.umich.edu/ugactivities/Labs/brightness/index.html">Arhivirano</a> 4. 3. 2016. na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> učitano 11.01.2014 <a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">eng.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Uni_Goettingen-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Uni_Goettingen_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Uni_Goettingen_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Uni_Goettingen_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lp.uni-goettingen.de/get/text/7247">Površinska svjetlost, članak s portala na astronomskom univerzitetu u Goetingenu, Njemačka</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327174554/https://lp.uni-goettingen.de/get/text/7247">Arhivirano</a> 27. 3. 2019. na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> učitano 11.01.2014 <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Njemački jezik">njem.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Svetlotehnicki-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Svetlotehnicki_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Peter Podlipnik, Svetlotehnički priručnik, ELEKTROKOVINA Maribor, 1978, ELKO 985 138 P <a href="/wiki/Srpskohrvatski_jezik" title="Srpskohrvatski jezik">sh.</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-COSMOS-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-COSMOS_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-COSMOS_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cms/astro/cosmos/l/Low+Surface+Brightness+Galaxy%7C">Galaksije sa slabom površinskom svjetlošću, članak iz enciklopedije COSMOS na astronomskom univerzitetu u Swinburnu, Australija</a> učitano 11.01.2014 <a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">eng.</a> </span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjski_linkovi">Vanjski linkovi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povr%C5%A1inska_svjetlost&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak "Vanjski linkovi"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povr%C5%A1inska_svjetlost&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Vanjski linkovi"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151005000147/http://www.astro.queensu.ca/~courteau/Phys216/sb.html">Površinska svjetlost, lekcija na univerzitetu astronomije i fizike</a> <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> učitano 12.01.2014 <a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">eng.</a> </p></div><noscript><img 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