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</div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Mazmunı" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mazmunı</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">qaptal panelge kóshiriw</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">jasırıw</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Kirisiw</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Mámleketlik_basqarıw_principi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mámleketlik_basqarıw_principi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Mámleketlik basqarıw principi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mámleketlik_basqarıw_principi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tábiyatı" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tábiyatı"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tábiyatı</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tábiyatı-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xalqı" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Xalqı"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Xalqı</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Xalqı-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tariyxı" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tariyxı"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Tariyxı</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tariyxı-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Siyasiy_partiyaları,_kásiplik_awqamları" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Siyasiy_partiyaları,_kásiplik_awqamları"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Siyasiy partiyaları, kásiplik awqamları</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Siyasiy_partiyaları,_kásiplik_awqamları-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekonomika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekonomika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ekonomika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekonomika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sanaatı" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sanaatı"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sanaatı</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sanaatı-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medicinalıq_xızmeti,_bilimlendiriwi,_ilimiy_hám_mádeniy_bilimlendiriw_mákemeleri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medicinalıq_xızmeti,_bilimlendiriwi,_ilimiy_hám_mádeniy_bilimlendiriw_mákemeleri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Medicinalıq xızmeti, bilimlendiriwi, ilimiy hám mádeniy bilimlendiriw mákemeleri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medicinalıq_xızmeti,_bilimlendiriwi,_ilimiy_hám_mádeniy_bilimlendiriw_mákemeleri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baspasózi,_radioesittiriwi,_telekórsetiwi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baspasózi,_radioesittiriwi,_telekórsetiwi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Baspasózi, radioesittiriwi, telekórsetiwi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baspasózi,_radioesittiriwi,_telekórsetiwi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ádebiyatı" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ádebiyatı"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Ádebiyatı</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ádebiyatı-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arxitektura_hám_súwretlew_kórkem_óneri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arxitektura_hám_súwretlew_kórkem_óneri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Arxitektura hám súwretlew kórkem óneri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arxitektura_hám_súwretlew_kórkem_óneri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mazmunı" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mazmunlar dizimin ashıw/jabıw" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mazmunlar dizimin ashıw/jabıw</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Panama</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Basqa tildegi maqalaǵa ótiń. 237 tilde bar" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-237" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">237 til</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ачех тілі" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ачех тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8D" title="Панамэ – адыгей тілі" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Панамэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="адыгей тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – африкаанс тілі" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – неміс тілі (Швейцария)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="неміс тілі (Швейцария)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%93%E1%8A%93%E1%88%9B" title="ፓናማ – амхар тілі" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፓናማ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхар тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – арагон тілі" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – ангика тілі" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангика тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7" title="بنما – араб тілі" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بنما" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="араб тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="باناما – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="باناما" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – астурия тілі" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурия тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – авадхи тілі" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="авадхи тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – аймара тілі" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="аймара тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – әзірбайжан тілі" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="әзірбайжан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – башқұрт тілі" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башқұрт тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – бали тілі" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="бали тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – беларусь тілі" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларусь тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – болгар тілі" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгар тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – бислама тілі" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="бислама тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – бамбара тілі" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="бамбара тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE" title="পানামা – бенгал тілі" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পানামা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгал тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="པ་ན་མ། – тибет тілі" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="པ་ན་མ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="тибет тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE" title="পানামা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="পানামা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – бретон тілі" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – босния тілі" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босния тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A0" title="Panamà – каталан тілі" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Panamà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – шешен тілі" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="шешен тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – себуано тілі" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%95%D9%86%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پەنەما – сорани тілі" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پەنەما" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="сорани тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – чех тілі" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чех тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – чуваш тілі" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чуваш тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A2" title="Panamâ – валлий тілі" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Panamâ" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлий тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – дат тілі" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дат тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – неміс тілі" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="неміс тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – төменгі лужица тілі" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="төменгі лужица тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पानामा – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="पानामा" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%95%DE%AC%DE%82%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%A7" title="ޕެނަމާ – дивехи тілі" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޕެނަމާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="дивехи тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – эве тілі" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="эве тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Παναμάς – грек тілі" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παναμάς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грек тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ағылшын тілі" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ағылшын тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamo" title="Panamo – эсперанто тілі" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Panamo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – испан тілі" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – эстон тілі" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – баск тілі" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баск тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – парсы тілі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="парсы тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – фин тілі" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – фарер тілі" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарер тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – француз тілі" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француз тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – солтүстік фриз тілі" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="солтүстік фриз тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – батыс фриз тілі" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="батыс фриз тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ирланд тілі" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирланд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – гагауз тілі" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="гагауз тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pannanman" title="Pannanman – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Pannanman" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – шотландиялық гэль тілі" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотландиялық гэль тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – галисия тілі" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисия тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – гуарани тілі" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE" title="પનામા – гуджарати тілі" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પનામા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="гуджарати тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Phanamaa" title="Yn Phanamaa – мэн тілі" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Phanamaa" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="мэн тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_(%C6%99asa)" title="Panama (ƙasa) – хауса тілі" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Panama (ƙasa)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C4%81" title="Panamā – гавайи тілі" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Panamā" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="гавайи тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%94" title="פנמה – иврит тілі" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פנמה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – хинди тілі" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – хорват тілі" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорват тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – жоғарғы лужица тілі" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="жоғарғы лужица тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – гаити тілі" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаити тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – венгр тілі" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгр тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1" title="Պանամա – армян тілі" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պանամա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армян тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1" title="Փանամա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Փանամա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – интерлингва тілі" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="İnterlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İnterlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ибан тілі" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ибан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – индонезия тілі" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезия тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – интерлингве тілі" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="интерлингве тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – илоко тілі" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – идо тілі" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – исланд тілі" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исланд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – итальян тілі" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="итальян тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%8A%E3%83%9E" title="パナマ – жапон тілі" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パナマ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="жапон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamaa" title="Panamaa – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Panamaa" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/panamas" title="panamas – ложбан тілі" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="panamas" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ява тілі" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ява тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="პანამა – грузин тілі" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პანამა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – кабил тілі" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабил тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – кикуйю тілі" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="кикуйю тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – қазақ тілі" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="қазақ тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE" title="ಪನಾಮಾ – каннада тілі" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪನಾಮಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%82%98%EB%A7%88" title="파나마 – корей тілі" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파나마" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корей тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%8E%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8E%DB%81" title="پَنامَہ – кашмир тілі" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="پَنامَہ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмир тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – күрд тілі" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="күрд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – коми тілі" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="коми тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – корн тілі" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корн тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – қырғыз тілі" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="қырғыз тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – латын тілі" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латын тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ладино тілі" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладино тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – люксембург тілі" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембург тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – лимбург тілі" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбург тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – лигур тілі" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="лигур тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Ломбард" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Ломбард" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – лингала тілі" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="лингала тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – литва тілі" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литва тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – латыш тілі" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латыш тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – мадур тілі" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="мадур тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – мокша тілі" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокша тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A0" title="Panamà – малагаси тілі" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Panamà" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагаси тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C4%81" title="Panamā – маори тілі" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Panamā" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="маори тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – минангкабау тілі" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – македон тілі" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AE" title="പാനമ – малаялам тілі" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പാനമ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Панам – моңғол тілі" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Панам" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="моңғол тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯄꯅꯥꯃꯥ – манипури тілі" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯄꯅꯥꯃꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="манипури тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – маратхи тілі" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхи тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – малай тілі" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малай тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – мальта тілі" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="мальта тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – миранд тілі" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="миранд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ပနားမားနိုင်ငံ – бирма тілі" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပနားမားနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирма тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – эрзя тілі" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="эрзя тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – мазандеран тілі" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандеран тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – төменгі неміс тілі" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="төменгі неміс тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पानामा – непал тілі" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पानामा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непал тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – невар тілі" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="невар тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_(land)" title="Panama (land) – нидерланд тілі" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Panama (land)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерланд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – норвегиялық нюнорск тілі" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвегиялық нюнорск тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – норвегиялық букмол тілі" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвегиялық букмол тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A0_(pa%C3%ADs)" title="Panamà (país) – окситан тілі" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Panamà (país)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panaamaa" title="Panaamaa – оромо тілі" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Panaamaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%C3%A6" title="Панамæ – осетин тілі" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Панамæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪਨਾਮਾ – пенджаб тілі" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਨਾਮਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенджаб тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – пампанга тілі" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="пампанга тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – папьяменто тілі" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पानामा – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="पानामा" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – поляк тілі" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="поляк тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A0" title="Panamà – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Panamà" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – пушту тілі" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – португал тілі" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португал тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – кечуа тілі" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – румын тілі" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румын тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – орыс тілі" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="орыс тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – киньяруанда тілі" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="киньяруанда тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पानामा – санскрит тілі" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="पानामा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панаама – саха тілі" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Панаама" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – сардин тілі" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A0" title="Panamà – сицилия тілі" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Panamà" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилия тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – шотланд тілі" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотланд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – синдхи тілі" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – солтүстік саам тілі" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="солтүстік саам тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – серб-хорват тілі" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="серб-хорват тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%82%83%E1%82%88%E1%81%BC%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းပႃႈၼႃးမႃး – шан тілі" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းပႃႈၼႃးမႃး" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="шан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="පැනමාව – сингал тілі" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පැනමාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингал тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_(%C5%A1t%C3%A1t)" title="Panama (štát) – словак тілі" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Panama (štát)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словак тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – словен тілі" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словен тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – самоа тілі" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="самоа тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – инари саам тілі" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="инари саам тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – шона тілі" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banama" title="Banama – сомали тілі" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Banama" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamaja" title="Panamaja – албан тілі" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Panamaja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – серб тілі" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="серб тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhanama" title="IPhanama – свати тілі" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IPhanama" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="свати тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – сундан тілі" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – швед тілі" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="швед тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – суахили тілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE" title="பனாமா – тамил тілі" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பனாமா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамил тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE" title="పనామా – телугу тілі" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పనామా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – тетум тілі" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="тетум тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – тәжік тілі" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="тәжік тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2" title="ประเทศปานามา – тай тілі" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศปานามา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тай тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – түрікмен тілі" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="түрікмен тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C4%81" title="Panamā – тонган тілі" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Panamā" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="тонган тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ток-писин тілі" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="ток-писин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – түрік тілі" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="түрік тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – тароко тілі" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="тароко тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – татар тілі" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татар тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – удмурт тілі" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмурт тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – ұйғыр тілі" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ұйғыр тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – украин тілі" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – урду тілі" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – өзбек тілі" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="өзбек тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0nama" title="Pànama – венеция тілі" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Pànama" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="венеция тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam" title="Panam – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Panam" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – вьетнам тілі" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнам тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A4n" title="Panamän – волапюк тілі" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Panamän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапюк тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – варай тілі" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamaa" title="Panamaa – волоф тілі" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Panamaa" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="волоф тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A9%AC" title="巴拿马 – қытай тілі (У)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="巴拿马" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="қытай тілі (У)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="პანამა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პანამა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%90" title="פאנאמא – идиш тілі" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פאנאמא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – йоруба тілі" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B1%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0" title="ⴱⴰⵏⴰⵎⴰ – марокколық стандартты тамазигхт тілі" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴱⴰⵏⴰⵎⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="марокколық стандартты тамазигхт тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A9%AC" title="巴拿马 – қытай тілі" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴拿马" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="қытай тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A6%AC" title="巴拿馬 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="巴拿馬" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A6%AC" title="巴拿馬 – кантон тілі" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="巴拿馬" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – зулу тілі" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="İsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулу тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q804#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Tiller aralıq siltemelerdi redaktorlaw" class="wbc-editpage">Siltemelerdi redaktorlaw</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Atamalar kópligi"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Maǵlıwmat betin kóriw [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Maqala</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talq%C4%B1law:Panama&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Maǵlıwmat beti haqqında talqılaw (bet ele jaratılmaǵan) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talqılaw</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Til variantın ózgertiw" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Qaraqalpaqsha</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Kórinisler"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Panama"><span>Tanısıp shıǵıw</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit" title="Bul betti ózgertiw [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redaktorlaw</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit" title="Bul bettiń derek kodın ózgertiw [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Derekti redaktorlaw</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=history" title="Bettiń aldınǵı ózgerisleri [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Tariyxın kóriw</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Bet ásbapları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ásbaplar" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ásbaplar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ásbaplar</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">qaptal panelge kóshiriw</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">jasırıw</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Kóbirek parametrler" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Háreketler </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Panama"><span>Tanısıp shıǵıw</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit" title="Bul betti ózgertiw [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redaktorlaw</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit" title="Bul bettiń derek kodın ózgertiw [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Derekti redaktorlaw</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=history"><span>Tariyxın kóriw</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ulıwma </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arnawl%C4%B1:Siltelgen_betler/Panama" title="Usı betke siltelgen barlıq betler dizimi [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Siltelgen betler</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arnawl%C4%B1:Baylan%C4%B1sl%C4%B1_aq%C4%B1r%C7%B5%C4%B1_%C3%B3zgerisler/Panama" rel="nofollow" title="Bul betten siltengen betlerdegi aqırǵı ózgerisler [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Baylanıslı ózgerisler</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=kaa" title="Fayllar júklew [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Fayl júklew</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arnawl%C4%B1:Arnawl%C4%B1_betler" title="Barlıq arnawlı betler dizimi [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Arnawlı betler</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&oldid=78887" title="Bul bettegi usı nusqasınıń turaqlı siltemesi"><span>Turaqlı silteme</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=info" title="Ashıq turǵan bet haqqında kóbirek maǵlıwmat"><span>Bet haqqında maǵlıwmat</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnawl%C4%B1:CiteThisPage&page=Panama&id=78887&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Bul betti kóshirip alǵanda qalay citata keltiriw haqqında maǵlıwmat"><span>Betke silteme jaratıw</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnawl%C4%B1:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fkaa.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPanama"><span>Qısqartılǵan URL alıw</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnawl%C4%B1:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fkaa.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPanama"><span>QR kod júklep alıw</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Basıp shıǵarıw/eksport </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnawl%C4%B1:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Panama"><span>Kitap jaratıw</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnawl%C4%B1:DownloadAsPdf&page=Panama&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF túrinde júklep alıw</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&printable=yes" title="Bul bettiń baspa nusqası [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Baspa nusqası</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Basqa joybarlarda </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiqoyma</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q804" title="Baylanısqan Wikimaǵlıwmat bazası elementine silteme [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikimaǵlıwmat elementi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Bet ásbapları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Kórinis"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kórinis</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">qaptal panelge kóshiriw</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">jasırıw</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, erkin enciklopediya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="kaa" dir="ltr"><p><b>Panama</b>, <b>Panama Respublikası</b> (República de Panamá) — Oraylıq Amerikanıń Panama boyında jaylasqan mámleket. Arqasınan Karib teńizi, qublasınan <a href="/wiki/T%C4%B1n%C4%B1sh_okean%C4%B1" title="Tınısh okeanı">Tınısh okeanı</a> qorshap turadı. Paytaxtı - Panama. Rásmiy tili - ispan tili bolıp tabıladı. Maydanı 78,2 mıń km². Xalqı 2,88 mln. adam (2002). Paytaxtı — Panama qalası. Basqarıw jaǵınan 9 wálayat (provinciya) qa hám 5 avtonomiya indeyc rezervaciyasına bólinedi. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mámleketlik_basqarıw_principi"><span id="M.C3.A1mleketlik_basqar.C4.B1w_principi"></span>Mámleketlik basqarıw principi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Mámleketlik basqarıw principi bólimin ózgertiw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Mámleketlik basqarıw principi"><span>derekti redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Panama — respublika. Ámeldegi Konstituciyası 1972-jılda qabıl etilgen, oǵan 1978 hám 1993-jıllarda ońlawlar kirgizilgen. Mámleket baslıǵı — prezident, ol ulıwma tuwrı hám jasırın dawıs beriw jolı menen 5 jıl múddetke saylanadı hám ekinshi múddetke qayta saylanıw huqıqına iye emes. Nızam shıǵarıwshı hákimiyattı nızam shıǵarıwshı assambleya (bir palatalı parlament), atqarıwshı hákimiyattı prezident hám húkimet ámelge asıradı. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tábiyatı"><span id="T.C3.A1biyat.C4.B1"></span>Tábiyatı</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Tábiyatı bólimin ózgertiw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Tábiyatı"><span>derekti redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Panama aymaǵı Oraylıq Amerikanıń eń ensiz (48-200 km) bóleginde. Jaǵaları, tiykarınan, tómen. Tınısh okeanı hám Karib teńizine tutas jaǵasında ádewir qoltıq bar. Mayda ataw kóp. Panamanıń pútkil aymaǵı arqalı batıstan shıǵıs tárepke Kordilyera-de-Veragua, Kordilyera-de-San-Blas, Serraniyadel-Daryen taw dizbekleri sozılǵan, mámlekettiń eń biyik noqatı hám hárekettegi vulkanı Baru (biyikligi 3475 m). Altın, sınap, temir hám mıs rudaları, boksit, qurılıss materiallarınıń kishilew kánleri bar. Tez-tez jer silkiniw bolıp turadı. Íqlımı subekvatorial, ıssı hám joqarı ıǵallıqta. Ortasha jıllıq temperatura 25-28°. Jawın qubla taw janbawırlarında 1500 mm den arqa janbawırlarında 5000 mm ge shekem. Dáryaları qısqa (200 km ge shekem), keme qatnamaydı, qurǵaq máwsimde kóbinese qurıp qaladı. Panama moynınıń eń ensiz jayında Panama kanalı qurılǵan. Qızıl-sarı laterit topıraqlarda qımbat bahalı terek túrleri ósetuǵın ormanlar, qubla-batıstaǵı qońır-qızıl topıraqlarda savannalar ushıraydı. Haywanat dúnyası: jabayı pıshıqlar (puma, otselot), qumırsqaǵa ósh, jalqaw, buǵa, koata meshini hám basqalar. Daryey hám basqa milliy baǵları, orman qorıqxanaları bar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Xalqı"><span id="Xalq.C4.B1"></span>Xalqı</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Xalqı bólimin ózgertiw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Xalqı"><span>derekti redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Xalqı, tiykarınan, panamalıqlar — metisler (60%), negrler (15%), indeycler (7%). Qalalarda yamaykalıqlar, qıtaylar, amerikalıqlar da jasaydı. Qala xalqı 54%. Rásmiy tili — ispan tili. Kópshilik dinge sıyınıwshılar katolik, bir bólimi protestant. Iri qalaları — Panama, Kolon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tariyxı"><span id="Tariyx.C4.B1"></span>Tariyxı</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Tariyxı bólimin ózgertiw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Tariyxı"><span>derekti redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Panamanı ispanlar koloniya etip alǵanǵa shekem bul jerde kuna, guaymi, jikova hám basqa 60 tan artıq indeyc qáwimi jasaǵan. Panamanı dáslep XVI ásirde ispan konkistadorları jawlap alǵan. Kolonizatorlar túpkilikli xalıqqa zulım ótkergen hám kóbisin qırıp tastap, plantaciyalar hám kánlerde isletiw ushın Afrikadan negr qullardı alıp kelgen. Amerikadaǵı ispan koloniyalarınıń ǵárezsizligi ushın urıs dawamında (1810-26) Panama ózin ǵárezsiz dep (1821) járiyaladı hám Simon Bolivar dúzgen Ullı Kolumbiya Respublikası quramına kirdi. 1830-jılda Ullı Kolumbiya bóleklengennen soń, 1831-jıldan Jańa Granada (1886-jıldan Kolumbiya) Respublikası quramına departament huqıqında kirdi. 1903-jıl Panama Kolumbiyadan ajıralıp shıǵıp, ǵárezsizlik járiyaladı. Biraq sol jılı 18-noyabrde AQSh penen Panama ortasında dúzilgen shártnamaǵa qaray, Panama kanalı qurılıwı mólsherlengen aymaq AQSh qa "máńgi paydalanıw, iyelew hám baqlaw" ushın beriliwi aqıbetinde Panama AQSh qa pútkilley ǵárezli bolıp qaldı. Amerikalıqlar bul jerde áskeriy baza qurıp, óz áskerlerin jaylastırdı. Panama xalqı kóp jıl óz jerin azat etiw ushın gúresti (1958, 1959, 1964-jıllardaǵı háreketler). 1968-jıl general O. Torrixos Errera basshılıǵındaǵı milliy gvardiya mámleket awdarıspaǵı etip, ekonomikalıq ǵárezsizlikti bekkemlew, siyasiy turmıstı demokratiyalaw ilajların ótkerdi. 1977-jıl Panama húkimeti <a href="/wiki/AQSh" class="mw-redirect" title="AQSh">AQSh</a> penen dúzgen eki shártnamaǵa kóre, 1903-jılǵı shártnama biykar etildi, 1979-jıl 1-oktyabrden kanal zonası ústinen Panama suvereniteti tiklendi, 2000-jıl 1-yanvardan kanaldıń ózi de Panama ıqtıyarına ótti. Panama 1945-jıldan — BMSh aǵzası. Ózbekstan suverenitetti 1992-jıl 2-yanvarda tán aldı. Milliy bayramı — 3-noyabr — Ǵárezsizlik kúni (1903). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siyasiy_partiyaları,_kásiplik_awqamları"><span id="Siyasiy_partiyalar.C4.B1.2C_k.C3.A1siplik_awqamlar.C4.B1"></span>Siyasiy partiyaları, kásiplik awqamları</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Siyasiy partiyaları, kásiplik awqamları bólimin ózgertiw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Siyasiy partiyaları, kásiplik awqamları"><span>derekti redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Arnulfista partiyası, 1990-jıl dúzilgen; "Papa Egoro" háreketi, 1991-jıl tiykar salınǵan; Leyboristler partiyası, 1982-jıl dúzilgen; Liberal respublikashılar partiyası, 1993-jıl dúzilgen; Panama xalıq partiyası, 1930-jılda tiykar salınǵan; Liberal milliy partiyası, 1979-jıl dúzilgen; Liberal respublikashılar milliy háreketi, 1981-jıl dúzilgen; Revolyuciyalıq demokratiyalıq partiya, 1978-jıl tiykar salınǵan; Demokratiyalıq xristian partiyası, 1963-jıl dúzilgen. Panama miynetkeshleri konfederaciyası, 1956-jıl tiykar salınǵan; Miynetkeshler milliy keńesi, 1971-jıl dúzilgen; Panama moynı miynetkeshleri kásiplik awqamı orayı, 1971-jıl dúzilgen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekonomika">Ekonomika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Ekonomika bólimin ózgertiw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Ekonomika"><span>derekti redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Panama — agrar mámleket. XX ásirdiń 70-jıllarında Panama húkimeti bazı sociallıq-ekonomikalıq ilajlardı — awıl xojalıǵı salasında, miynet nızamshılıǵı hám salıq salasında reformalar ótkerdi, barlıq paydalı qazılmalarǵa iyelik etiw hám olardan paydalanıw huqıqın járiyaladı. Awıl xojalıǵında ekonomikalıq aktiv xalıqtıń 25% i bánt bolıp, jalpı ishki ónimniń 15% i payda etiledi. Jańa awıl xojalıǵı kooperativlari dúzilgen bolsa da, latifundiyalar ústem poziciyada turıptı. Tiykarǵı eksport eginleri: banan, qumshekerqamıs, kofe. Ishki tutınıw ushın salı, mákkejúweri, kartoshka, uzın sobıqlılar egiledi. Gósh shárwashılıǵı hám qusshılıq rawajlanǵan: qaramal, shoshqa, at, eshki hám ǵashır baǵıladı. Ormanlarda qımbat bahalı aǵash túri tayarlanadı. Teńizde teńiz shayanı hám balıq awlanadı. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sanaatı"><span id="Sanaat.C4.B1"></span>Sanaatı</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sanaatı bólimin ózgertiw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Sanaatı"><span>derekti redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sanaatı hálsiz rawajlanǵan bolıp, jalpı ishki ónimniń 9% in quraydı. Az muǵdarda altın, mıs rudası, neft qazıp alınadı. Panama sanaatı azıq-awqat (qant-qumsheker, konservalar, qurıtılǵan hám quyultırılǵan sút, alkogollı hám alkogolsız ishimlikler, balıq unı, temeki ónimleri hám basqalar), aǵashsazlıq, ayaq kiyim, tigiwshilik, qaǵaz, ılaydan islengen ıdıs hám cement sanaatınıń mayda kárxanalarınan ibarat. Las-Minasta shetten keltirilgen hám jergilikli neftti qayta isleytuǵın zavod bar. Ónermentshilik rawajlanǵan. Jılına ortasha 2,8 mlrd. kVt saat elektr energiya payda etiledi. Tiykarǵı sanaat orayları: Panama, Kolon, Nata. Panama kanalı arqalı jılına 14 mıńǵa shekem keme ótedi. Bul kanal dizimge alınǵan kemeler sanı hám olardıń ulıwma júk kólemi jaǵınan dúnyada 1-orında, Kolon Erkin zonası bolsa áhmiyetli hám eksport-import operaciyaları kólemi tárepinen 2-orında turadı. Tiykarǵı teńiz portı hám xalıq aralıq aeroportı — Panama, zárúrli teńiz portı — Kolon. Transport jolı uzınlıǵı — 583 km, avtomobil jolları — 10 mıń km. Shetke banan, neft ónimleri, qant-qumsheker, aǵash, teńiz shayanı hám basqalardı shıǵaradı, shetten mashina hám ásbap-úskene, metall buyımlar, shiyki neft, ximiyalıq buyımlar, azıq-awqat hám basqalardı aladı. Tiykarınan AQSh, Venesuela, Kosta-Rika, Kanada, Yaponiya, Germaniya, Italiya menen sawda etedi. Pul birligi — balboa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medicinalıq_xızmeti,_bilimlendiriwi,_ilimiy_hám_mádeniy_bilimlendiriw_mákemeleri"><span id="Medicinal.C4.B1q_x.C4.B1zmeti.2C_bilimlendiriwi.2C_ilimiy_h.C3.A1m_m.C3.A1deniy_bilimlendiriw_m.C3.A1kemeleri"></span>Medicinalıq xızmeti, bilimlendiriwi, ilimiy hám mádeniy bilimlendiriw mákemeleri</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Medicinalıq xızmeti, bilimlendiriwi, ilimiy hám mádeniy bilimlendiriw mákemeleri bólimin ózgertiw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Medicinalıq xızmeti, bilimlendiriwi, ilimiy hám mádeniy bilimlendiriw mákemeleri"><span>derekti redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shıpakerler Panama universitetiniń medicina fakultetinde tayarlanadı. 1946-jıldan májbúriy 8 jıllıq tálim tuwrısındaǵı nızam ámel etedi. Baslanǵısh mektep qalalarda 6 jıllıq (7 jastan 13 jasqa shekem), awıllıq jerlerde — 3 hám 4 jıllıq. Orta mektep 6 jıllıq bolıp, 2 gruppa, yaǵnıy 3 jıllıq sociallıq pánler hám 3 jıllıq medicina matematika pánleri liceylerinen ibarat. Óner-texnika tálimi texnika, awıl xojalıǵı, kommerciya bilim orınları hám baslanǵısh mektep yamasa orta mekteptiń bir toparı negizinde ámelge asırıladı. Joqarı tálim Panama universiteti (1935-jılda tiykar salınǵan) hám Santamariya la Antigua menshikli katolik universitetinde (1965) beriledi. Mámlekettegi ilimiy izertlewlerler Milliy pán keńesi (1963) tárepinen baqlap turıladı. Panama Milliy Pánler Akademiyası (1942), Panama til akademiyası, Panama tariyx akademiyası (1942), Milliy arxeologiya hám tariyxıy estelikler akademiyası (1946), indeyc xalıqlar mádeniyatın úyreniw institutı (1952), ekonomikalıq rawajlanıw institutı (1953), Panamerika tariyx hám geografiya institutı, Panama universiteti janındaǵı ilimiy izertlewler mákemeleri ilimiy izertlewler júrgizedi. Panama universiteti kitapxanası (1935), Milliy kitapxana (1892), Panama milliy muzeyi (1925) hám basqalar bar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Baspasózi,_radioesittiriwi,_telekórsetiwi"><span id="Baspas.C3.B3zi.2C_radioesittiriwi.2C_telek.C3.B3rsetiwi"></span>Baspasózi, radioesittiriwi, telekórsetiwi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Baspasózi, radioesittiriwi, telekórsetiwi bólimin ózgertiw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Baspasózi, radioesittiriwi, telekórsetiwi"><span>derekti redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Panamada bir qansha gazeta hám jurnallar basıp shıǵarıladı. Áhmiyetlileri: "Matutino" ("Tańǵı xabarlar", kúndelik húkimet gazeta, 1969-jıldan), "Panama —Amerika" (kúndelik gazeta, 1989-jıldan), "Prensa" ("Baspasóz", kúndelik gazeta, 1980-jıldan), "Siglo" ("Asr", kúndelik gazeta, 1985-jıldan), "Unidad" ("Birlik", ayına 2-ret shıǵatuǵın gazeta, 1973-jıldan), "Kritika libre" ("Erkin sın pikir", kúndelik gazeta, 1925-jıldan), "Analisis" ("Analiz", ekonomika hám siyasat máselelerin sáwlelendiriwshi aylıq jurnal). Milliy informaciya agentligi joq. Panama radioesittiriw awqamı bar. Radioesittiriw hám telekórsetiwi menshikli bolıp, kommerciya tiykarında isleydi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ádebiyatı"><span id=".C3.81debiyat.C4.B1"></span>Ádebiyatı</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Ádebiyatı bólimin ózgertiw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Ádebiyatı"><span>derekti redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ádebiyatı ispan tilinde rawajlanıp kelmekte. Dáslep Kolumbiya ádebiyatı quramında payda boldı. XIX ásirdiń 2-yarımında onnan ajıralıp shıǵıp, milliy ádebiyat formasında qáliplese basladı. M. Arosemena óziniń "Tariyxıy yadlar" hám balası X. Arosemena sociallıq-ekonomikalıq, siyasiy hám xojalıq temalardaǵı ocherkleri menen oǵan tiykar saldı. 1845-jılda dúzilgen Háwesker aǵartıwshılar jámiyeti Panama milliy ádebiyatın jaratıwda úlken rol oynadı. Patriotlıq ruwxında qosıqlar jazǵan X. Kolunxe, T. M. Fyoyyo, X. M. Aleman, A. D. le Isaka sıyaqlı shayırlar Panama ádebiyatın joqarı tekshege kóterdi. XX ásir baslarında húkim súrgen modernizm wákilleri D. Errera, G. Andreve, L. A. Soto, R. Miro hám basqa jazıwshılar Panama ádebiyatınıń ayrıqshalıǵın qorǵaw menen birge evropasha usıllardan da paydalandı. <a href="/wiki/Birinshi_j%C3%A1h%C3%A1n_ur%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Birinshi jáhán urısı">Birinshi jáhán urısınan</a> keyin jazıwshılar 2 aǵımǵa bólinip ketti. R. Sinan, R. Laurens sıyaqlı shayırlar "avangardizm" tárepdarı bolıp, formalizm jolına ótti. D. Korei, D. Errera Sevilyano sociallıq qarama-qarsılıqlardı sáwlelendirdi. I. de X. Valdes hám basqa jazıwshılar qala hám awıl turmısın shın súwretledi. <a href="/wiki/Ekinshi_j%C3%A1h%C3%A1n_ur%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Ekinshi jáhán urısı">Ekinshi jáhán urısınan</a> keyin jazıwshılar dóretiwshiliginde sociallıq ádalatsızlıqtı áshkara etiw teması zárúrli orın aldı (M. Riyera, P. Rivera, X. Franko hám basqalar). Zamanagóy jazıwshılar arasında D. Moran, A. Menendes Franko sıyaqlı shayırlar, E. Chues, X. M. Bayyard Lerma, X. Beleno sıyaqlı prozashılar, dramaturg X. de X. Martines dóretpeleri ataqlı. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arxitektura_hám_súwretlew_kórkem_óneri"><span id="Arxitektura_h.C3.A1m_s.C3.BAwretlew_k.C3.B3rkem_.C3.B3neri"></span>Arxitektura hám súwretlew kórkem óneri</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Arxitektura hám súwretlew kórkem óneri bólimin ózgertiw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panama&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Arxitektura hám súwretlew kórkem óneri"><span>derekti redaktorlaw</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Áyyemgi Panama mádeniyatı Meksika, Kolumbiya hám basqa qońsılas mámleketler mádeniyatı menen óz-ara sáykes qáliplesken. Jergilikli indeycler záwlim imaratlar qurmaǵan. Kolonizatorlik dáwirinde Panama, Portobelo qalalarında qorǵaw qorǵanları, bazar, bajıxana, bazalar menen bir qatarda saltanatlı altın jalatılǵan naǵıs oyıwshılıq usılındaǵı shirkewler qurıldı. XX ásirde Panama, Kolon qalalarında zamanagóy Amerika arxitektorlıǵı ruwxında qurılǵan arxitekturalıq komplekslerge jergilikli dástúr elementleri sińdirildi (G. de Ru, I. Galindo Valyarino, O. Mendes Guardiya sıyaqlı arxitektorlardıń joybarları). </p><p>Súwretlew kórkem óneri XVI ásirge shekem indeycler jasaǵan tas háykeller, adam hám haywan súwreti túsirilgen ústinler, reń-báreń ılaydan islengen ıdıslardan ibarat bolǵan. Koloniya jıllarında zamanagóy kórkem óner júzege kele basladı. Zamanagóy súwretshilerden R. Lyuis, X. M. Uloa, X. F. Arosemena, F. R. Karcheridi kórsetiw múmkin. Házirgi Panama súwretlew kórkem ónerinde kubizm (S. Oduber), syurrealizm (P. Run'yan) hám basqa aǵımlar jayılǵan. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">«<a dir="ltr" href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panama&oldid=78887">https://kaa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panama&oldid=78887</a>» saytınan alınǵan</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Arnawl%C4%B1:Kategoriyalar" title="Arnawlı:Kategoriyalar">Kategoriya</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoriya:M%C3%A1mleketler" title="Kategoriya:Mámleketler">Mámleketler</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Bul bet aqırǵı márte 12:07, 2024 j. maydıń 8 waqtında ózgertildi.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ru">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike licenziyası</a> boyınsha ǵalabalastırılmaqta, qosımsha shártler qollanılıwı múmkin (<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/kaa">qollanıw shártleri</a>).</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Konfidenciallıq siyasatı</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_haqq%C4%B1nda">Wikipedia haqqında</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Juwapkershilikten_bas_tart%C4%B1w">Juwapkershilikten bas tartıw</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Minez-qulıq kodeksi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Programmistler</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/kaa.wikipedia.org">Statistikalar</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie bayanatı</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//kaa.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panama&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobil kórinis</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-6f8dc","wgBackendResponseTime":230,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.010","walltime":"0.013","ppvisitednodes":{"value":37,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-559c9fd9f4-s4jfk","timestamp":"20241126123121","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Panama","url":"https:\/\/kaa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Panama","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q804","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q804","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2023-02-11T19:25:02Z","dateModified":"2024-05-08T12:07:22Z"}</script> </body> </html>