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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="es" class=" story nytapp-vi-article " xmlns:og="http://opengraphprotocol.org/schema/"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title data-rh="true">Acudir a la oficina no siempre fomenta la innovación - The New York Times</title> <meta data-rh="true" name="robots" content="noarchive, max-image-preview:large"/><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="Hay quienes aseguran que volver a la oficina después del teletrabajo pandémico será positivo para la creatividad. Pero no hay evidencia de ello y las empresas intentan pensar en nuevos esquemas laborales."/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:url" content="https://www.nytimes.com/es/2021/07/05/espanol/innovacion-teletrabajo.html"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:title" content="Acudir a la oficina no siempre fomenta la innovación (Published 2021)"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:description" content="Hay quienes aseguran que volver a la oficina después del teletrabajo pandémico será positivo para la creatividad. Pero no hay evidencia de ello y las empresas intentan pensar en nuevos esquemas laborales."/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:image" content="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/06/21/business/00up-remotework-esp-1/00up-remotework-videoSixteenByNine3000.jpg?year=2021&h=1687&w=3000&s=d97a2498df6e0d451097ccacb2c9099c85b454bd3433e71dbaa386983c0ff43f&k=ZQJBKqZ0VN&tw=1"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:image:alt" content="La sede de Johnson Wax en Racine, Wisconsin, diseñada en la década de 1930 por Frank Lloyd Wright, fue uno de los primeros edificios de oficinas de planta abierta."/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="https://www.nytimes.com/es/2021/07/05/espanol/innovacion-teletrabajo.html"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:type" content="article"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="Acudir a la oficina no siempre fomenta la innovación (Published 2021)"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image" content="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/06/21/business/00up-remotework-esp-1/00up-remotework-facebookJumbo.jpg?year=2021&h=550&w=1050&s=c509fa763789187c5761bcd466f65abc9ebec1c9d8dc16a226b615f777065806&k=ZQJBKqZ0VN"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image:alt" content="La sede de Johnson Wax en Racine, Wisconsin, diseñada en la década de 1930 por Frank Lloyd Wright, fue uno de los primeros edificios de oficinas de planta abierta."/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="Hay quienes aseguran que volver a la oficina después del teletrabajo pandémico será positivo para la creatividad. 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288dpi)" srcSet="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/06/21/business/00up-remotework-esp-1/00up-remotework-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp&disable=upscale&width=1800"/><source media="(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 2dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 192dpi)" srcSet="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/06/21/business/00up-remotework-esp-1/00up-remotework-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp&disable=upscale&width=1200"/><source media="(max-width: 599px) and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 1dppx),(max-width: 599px) and (min-resolution: 96dpi)" srcSet="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/06/21/business/00up-remotework-esp-1/00up-remotework-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp&disable=upscale&width=600"/><img alt="" class="css-rq4mmj" src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/06/21/business/00up-remotework-esp-1/00up-remotework-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp&disable=upscale" srcSet="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/06/21/business/00up-remotework-esp-1/00up-remotework-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp 600w,https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/06/21/business/00up-remotework-esp-1/00up-remotework-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp 1024w,https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/06/21/business/00up-remotework-esp-1/00up-remotework-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp 2048w" sizes="((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw" decoding="async" width="600" height="462"/></picture></div><figcaption data-testid="photoviewer-children-ImageCaption" class="css-ktho12 e3rygrp0"><span class="css-jevhma e13ogyst0">La sede de Johnson Wax en Racine, Wisconsin, diseñada en la década de 1930 por Frank Lloyd Wright, fue uno de los primeros edificios de oficinas de planta abierta.</span><span class="css-14fe1uy e1z0qqy90"><span class="css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0">Credit...</span><span><span aria-hidden="false">Carol M. Highsmith/Buyenlarge, vía Getty Images</span></span></span></figcaption></figure></div><div class="css-p6m5rf"><div class="byline-container css-1u5onbp epjyd6m2"><div class="css-165eim7 ey68jwv0" aria-hidden="true"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/by/claire-cain-miller" class="css-uwwqev"><img alt="Claire Cain Miller" title="Claire Cain Miller" src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2018/06/13/multimedia/author-claire-cain-miller/author-claire-cain-miller-thumbLarge-v2.png" class="css-dc6zx6 ey68jwv2"/></a></div><div class="css-233int epjyd6m1"><p class="css-4anu6l e1jsehar1"><span class="byline-prefix">Por </span><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/by/claire-cain-miller" class="last-byline css-ojhyzr e1jsehar0" itemProp="name">Claire Cain Miller</a></p><div class="css-gqryk5 epjyd6m0"></div></div></div></div><div class="css-1c72mta"><time class="css-kx0gap e16638kd0" dateTime="2021-07-05T05:00:14-04:00">5 de julio de 2021</time></div><div class="css-1arl30t"><a class="css-1yuai0v" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/23/upshot/remote-work-innovation-office.html" data-version="en" title="Read in English">Read in English</a></div></header><section name="articleBody" class="meteredContent css-1r7ky0e"><div class="css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn" data-testid="companionColumn-0"><div class="css-53u6y8"><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Cuando Yahoo prohibió <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.nytimes.com/es/2020/07/02/espanol/negocios/trabajo-remoto.html" title="">el trabajo desde casa</a>, en 2013, la razón fue una que a menudo se citaba en las corporaciones estadounidenses: estar en la oficina es esencial para la colaboración y la innovación espontáneas.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">“Es crucial que todos estemos presentes en nuestras oficinas”, escribió Jacqueline Reses, en aquel entonces ejecutiva de Yahoo, en un <a class="css-yywogo" href="http://allthingsd.com/20130222/physically-together-heres-the-internal-yahoo-no-work-from-home-memo-which-extends-beyond-remote-workers/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CSpeed%20and%20quality%20are%20often,get%20to%20your%20desks%20stat!" title="" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">memorando al personal</a>. “Algunas de las mejores decisiones y reflexiones provienen de las conversaciones en los pasillos y la cafetería, de conocer a nuevas personas y las reuniones improvisadas de equipos”.</p></div><aside class="css-ew4tgv" aria-label="companion column"></aside></div><div data-testid="Dropzone-1"></div><div class="css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn" data-testid="companionColumn-1"><div class="css-53u6y8"><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Hoy, Reses, actual directora ejecutiva de Post House Capital, una firma de inversiones, tiene una opinión distinta. “¿Que si escribiría ese memorando de una manera distinta ahora?”, preguntó. “Claro que sí”. Reses sigue creyendo que la colaboración se puede beneficiar de estar juntos en persona, pero, a lo largo del último año, la gente encontró nuevas y mejores maneras de trabajar.</p></div><aside class="css-ew4tgv" aria-label="companion column"></aside></div><div data-testid="RelatedLinksBlock-3"><div data-testid="lazy-loader"></div></div><div class="css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn" data-testid="companionColumn-2"><div class="css-53u6y8"><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">No obstante, conforme disminuye la pandemia en Estados Unidos, muchos jefes están haciendo eco del mensaje que Reses comunicó en 2013. “La innovación no siempre es una actividad planeada”, <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://people.com/human-interest/apple-ceo-tim-cook-expects-return-to-office-post-pandemic/" title="" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">opinó Tim Cook</a>, director ejecutivo de Apple, en relación con el trabajo pospandémico. “Se da al toparse los unos con los otros a lo largo del día y al hacer avanzar una idea que acabas de tener”. Jamie Dimon, director ejecutivo de JPMorgan Chase, dijo que <a class="css-yywogo" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-jp-morgan-ceo/working-from-home-doesnt-work-for-those-who-want-to-hustle-jpmorgan-ceo-idUSKBN2CL1HQ" title="" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">el trabajo desde casa</a> “no funciona para la generación de ideas espontáneas, no funciona para la cultura”.</p><div class="css-1336jj"><div class="css-121kum4"><div class="css-171quhb"></div><div class="css-asuuk5"><noscript><div class="css-7axq9l" data-testid="optimistic-truncator-noscript"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true" class="css-1b5b8u1"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2.5 12a9.5 9.5 0 1 1 19 0 9.5 9.5 0 0 1-19 0Zm8.5 1.75v-7.5h2v7.5h-2Zm0 2v2h2v-2h-2Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><div data-testid="optimistic-truncator-noscript-message" class="css-6yo1no"><p class="css-3kpklk">We are having trouble retrieving the article content.</p><p class="css-3kpklk">Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.</p></div></div></noscript><div class="css-1dv1kvn" id="optimistic-truncator-a11y" tabindex="-1"><hr/><p>Thank you for your patience while we verify access. 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Pero no hay evidencia de ello y las empresas intentan pensar en nuevos esquemas laborales."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},"timestampBlock":{"__typename":"TimestampBlock","align":"LEFT","showUpdatedTimestamp":null,"timestamp":"2021-07-05T09:00:14.704Z"}},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Cuando Yahoo prohibió "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002Fes\u002F2020\u002F07\u002F02\u002Fespanol\u002Fnegocios\u002Ftrabajo-remoto.html"}],"text":"el trabajo desde casa"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":", en 2013, la razón fue una que a menudo se citaba en las corporaciones estadounidenses: estar en la oficina es esencial para la colaboración y la innovación espontáneas."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":0},{"__typename":"EmailSignupBlock","newsletterHeading":[],"newsletterSummary":[],"productCode":"BN","productDefaults":{"__typename":"EmailSignupBlockDefaults","allowedEntitlement":"","altText":"el times newsletter","caption":"Una selección semanal de historias en español que no encontrarás en ningún otro sitio, con eñes y acentos.","frequency":"Los martes, viernes y domingos","isOnsiteFreeTrialEnabled":0,"sampleUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic.nytimes.com\u002Femail-content\u002FBN_sample.html","subscriptionPageLink":"","thumbImg":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic.nytimes.com\u002Femail-images\u002FNYT-Newsletters-ElTimes-Icon-500px.jpg","title":"El Times"}},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":1},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“Es crucial que todos estemos presentes en nuestras oficinas”, escribió Jacqueline Reses, en aquel entonces ejecutiva de Yahoo, en un "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"http:\u002F\u002Fallthingsd.com\u002F20130222\u002Fphysically-together-heres-the-internal-yahoo-no-work-from-home-memo-which-extends-beyond-remote-workers\u002F#:~:text=%E2%80%9CSpeed%20and%20quality%20are%20often,get%20to%20your%20desks%20stat!"}],"text":"memorando al personal"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":". “Algunas de las mejores decisiones y reflexiones provienen de las conversaciones en los pasillos y la cafetería, de conocer a nuevas personas y las reuniones improvisadas de equipos”."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":2},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Hoy, Reses, actual directora ejecutiva de Post House Capital, una firma de inversiones, tiene una opinión distinta. “¿Que si escribiría ese memorando de una manera distinta ahora?”, preguntó. “Claro que sí”. Reses sigue creyendo que la colaboración se puede beneficiar de estar juntos en persona, pero, a lo largo del último año, la gente encontró nuevas y mejores maneras de trabajar."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":3},{"__typename":"RelatedLinksBlock","description":[],"displayStyle":"COMPACT","related":[{"__typename":"Article","bylines":[{"__typename":"Byline","creators":[{"__typename":"Person","displayName":"David Streitfeld","id":"UGVyc29uOm55dDovL3BlcnNvbi85NWFmMmMyOC1mMWFiLTUxZDItYTJjZi1kMjUyYTcwMDI1NzU="}]}],"collections":[],"firstPublished":"2020-07-02T12:00:13.000Z","headline":{"__typename":"CreativeWorkHeadline","default":"La larga e infeliz historia de trabajar desde casa","seo":""},"id":"QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzg3NDE2MDNhLTgzNjAtNTZkZC1hNzY4LTZhNTllNjdiMmEzYg==","promotionalHeadline":"La larga e infeliz historia de trabajar desde casa","promotionalMedia":{"__typename":"Image","credit":"George Etheredge para The New York Times","crops":[{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"thumbLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2020\u002F06\u002F23\u002Fbusiness\u002F02Teletrabajo-ES-1\u002F00virus-workfromhomefail1-thumbLarge.jpg","width":150}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"square640","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2020\u002F06\u002F23\u002Fbusiness\u002F02Teletrabajo-ES-1\u002Fmerlin_172586583_28906776-cc40-4f84-b541-fcc386f9d485-square640.jpg","width":640}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"videoLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2020\u002F06\u002F23\u002Fbusiness\u002F02Teletrabajo-ES-1\u002F00virus-workfromhomefail1-videoLarge.jpg","width":768},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"mediumThreeByTwo440","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2020\u002F06\u002F23\u002Fbusiness\u002F02Teletrabajo-ES-1\u002F00virus-workfromhomefail1-mediumThreeByTwo440.jpg","width":440},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"threeByTwoSmallAt2X","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2020\u002F06\u002F23\u002Fbusiness\u002F02Teletrabajo-ES-1\u002F00virus-workfromhomefail1-threeByTwoSmallAt2X.jpg","width":600}]}],"id":"SW1hZ2U6bnl0Oi8vaW1hZ2UvNDIyN2UxMzMtYzBmMy01NWU2LTgyMzAtODIyZjFiZDFlOGEw"},"promotionalSummary":"Mientras el coronavirus sigue activo, los empleadores están convencidos de que el trabajo remoto tiene un futuro brillante. Advertencia: décadas de contratiempos sugieren lo contrario.","section":{"__typename":"Section","displayName":"En español","id":"U2VjdGlvbjpueXQ6Ly9zZWN0aW9uLzQ4ZGM3MGY1LTI5M2EtNTkzNy04MmFmLWY0ZmRjMjRlZDJlZQ=="},"summary":"Mientras el coronavirus sigue activo, los empleadores están convencidos de que el trabajo remoto tiene un futuro brillante. Advertencia: décadas de contratiempos sugieren lo contrario.","typeOfMaterials":["News"],"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002Fes\u002F2020\u002F07\u002F02\u002Fespanol\u002Fnegocios\u002Ftrabajo-remoto.html"}],"title":[]},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":4},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"No obstante, conforme disminuye la pandemia en Estados Unidos, muchos jefes están haciendo eco del mensaje que Reses comunicó en 2013. “La innovación no siempre es una actividad planeada”, "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fpeople.com\u002Fhuman-interest\u002Fapple-ceo-tim-cook-expects-return-to-office-post-pandemic\u002F"}],"text":"opinó Tim Cook"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":", director ejecutivo de Apple, en relación con el trabajo pospandémico. “Se da al toparse los unos con los otros a lo largo del día y al hacer avanzar una idea que acabas de tener”. Jamie Dimon, director ejecutivo de JPMorgan Chase, dijo que "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.reuters.com\u002Farticle\u002Fus-jp-morgan-ceo\u002Fworking-from-home-doesnt-work-for-those-who-want-to-hustle-jpmorgan-ceo-idUSKBN2CL1HQ"}],"text":"el trabajo desde casa"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" “no funciona para la generación de ideas espontáneas, no funciona para la cultura”."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":5},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Sin embargo, la gente que estudia el tema asegura que no hay ninguna evidencia que demuestre que trabajar de manera presencial sea esencial para la creatividad y la colaboración. Coinciden en que incluso podría perjudicar la innovación porque la exigencia de trabajar en una oficina en un momento y un lugar prescritos es una razón importante por la que el lugar de trabajo en Estados Unidos se ha vuelto poco hospitalario para muchas personas."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":6},{"__typename":"RelatedLinksBlock","description":[],"displayStyle":"COMPACT","related":[{"__typename":"Article","bylines":[{"__typename":"Byline","creators":[{"__typename":"Person","displayName":"Jane Margolies","id":"UGVyc29uOm55dDovL3BlcnNvbi83Nzc2MTJmMy01YjUyLTU4ZTMtODY2Zi0xODdjMDU2NDBkYzU="}]}],"collections":[],"firstPublished":"2020-04-09T01:06:25.000Z","headline":{"__typename":"CreativeWorkHeadline","default":"¿Qué nos depara nuestra futura oficina? 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En Zillow, casi todos los empleados trabajan a distancia o asisten solo una vez cada tanto. Varias veces al año, los equipos van a oficinas pequeñas diseñadas para reunirse."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":true,"index":10},{"__typename":"ImageBlock","media":{"__typename":"Image","altText":"","caption":{"__typename":"TextOnlyDocumentBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Un pizarrón en Filadelfia la semana anterior. Muchas empresas están adoptando un plan para que la gente trabaje unos días en la oficina y otros a distancia."}]}],"text":"Un pizarrón en Filadelfia la semana anterior. 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Muchas empresas están adoptando un plan para que la gente trabaje unos días en la oficina y otros a distancia.","timesTags":[],"uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Fimage\u002F978a760d-079b-5d5f-8d0a-62b15ef8332a","url":"\u002Fimagepages\u002F2021\u002F07\u002F05\u002Fbusiness\u002F00up-remotework2-esp-2.html"},"size":"MEDIUM"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":11},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“Hay cierta credibilidad detrás del argumento de que las personas pueden tener una conversación si se juntan en espacios donde probablemente se tropiecen unas con otras”, comentó Ethan S. Bernstein, profesor de la Escuela de Negocios de la Universidad de Harvard que estudia el tema. “Pero ¿acaso esa conversación servirá para la innovación, la creatividad, será de alguna utilidad para que las personas hablen de lo que la organización quiere que hablen? En ese sentido, casi no hay ningún tipo de dato”."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":12},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“Todo esto me hace pensar que la idea de que la casualidad es productiva es más un cuento de hadas que una realidad”, opinó."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":13},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"La noción de que las interacciones espontáneas en la oficina incentivan el pensamiento creativo fue una fuerza impulsora detrás de uno de los primeros edificios de oficinas sin muros interiores, "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dezeen.com\u002F2017\u002F06\u002F14\u002Ffrank-lloyd-wright-johnson-wax-administration-building-headquarters-racine-wisconsin-open-plan-office\u002F"}],"text":"la sede de Johnson Wax"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":", diseñada en la década de 1930 por Frank Lloyd Wright. Para los años noventa, las empresas de Silicon Valley comenzaron a ofrecer estaciones con refrigerios y cortes de pelo in situ para promover las reuniones improvisadas. Las empresas empezaron a "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2019\u002F04\u002F26\u002Fupshot\u002Fwomen-long-hours-greedy-professions.html"}],"text":"pagar salarios desproporcionadamente altos"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" a la gente que estuviera en la oficina más de 40 horas a la semana."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":14},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Sin embargo, Bernstein encontró que las oficinas abiertas contemporáneas producían un "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fhbr.org\u002F2019\u002F11\u002Fthe-truth-about-open-offices"}],"text":"70 por ciento "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"ItalicFormat","type":null},{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fhbr.org\u002F2019\u002F11\u002Fthe-truth-about-open-offices"}],"text":"menos"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fhbr.org\u002F2019\u002F11\u002Fthe-truth-about-open-offices"}],"text":" de interacciones"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" cara a cara. Las personas no consideran útil tener tantas conversaciones espontáneas, así que usan audífonos y se esquivan las unas a las otras."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":15},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Al mismo tiempo, la tecnología —Zoom, Slack y Documentos de Google— ha logrado que la generación de ideas sea igual de eficaz en línea, según los investigadores. Judith Olson, profesora de Informática en la Universidad de California, campus Irvine, ha estudiado durante tres décadas el efecto de la distancia en el trabajo en equipo. La distancia importa mucho menos ahora, comentó: “Gracias a la tecnología de estos días, en realidad nos estamos acercando cada vez más a la reproducción de una oficina”."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":16},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"El trabajo creativo se puede realizar al dejar un chat de video encendido mientras se trabaja, de tal manera que la gente pueda compartir sus ideas cuando aparezcan, o al trabajar de manera simultánea en un documento compartido de Documentos de Google. Asimismo, se puede lograr escribiendo ideas y notas de conversaciones, para que otras personas puedan remitirse a ellas y dar su opinión."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":17},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"El trabajo en las oficinas es esencial para algunos empleos dedicados a la innovación, como los que involucran objetos físicos, y es benéfico para algunas personas, como los empleados recién contratados y quienes buscan mentores. No obstante, algunos profesionales creativos, como los arquitectos y los diseñadores, se han sorprendido de la eficacia del trabajo remoto durante la pandemia, mientras que hay científicos e investigadores académicos que desde hace tiempo trabajan en proyectos con colegas ubicados en otras partes."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":18},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Según algunos investigadores y ejecutivos, exigirle a la gente que vaya a la oficina puede eliminar la innovación, porque, para muchas personas, los empleos en las oficinas nunca fueron ideales. Entre estas se encuentran las mujeres, las minorías raciales y la gente responsable del cuidado de niños o con alguna discapacidad. Asimismo, la gente que es tímida, que necesita vivir lejos de la oficina, que es productiva a horas poco comunes o los que son excluidos de los partidos de golf y las salidas al bar u hora feliz."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":true,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":19},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Las mujeres, por ejemplo, empiezan a ser "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2017\u002F05\u002F13\u002Fupshot\u002Fthe-gender-pay-gap-is-largely-because-of-motherhood.html"}],"text":"penalizadas en el salario y los ascensos"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" en cuanto son madres, y las diferencias salariales entre hombres y mujeres son mayores en los trabajos menos flexibles en cuanto a cuándo y dónde se realiza el trabajo, según ha "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fscholar.harvard.edu\u002Ffiles\u002Fgoldin\u002Ffiles\u002Fgoldin_equalpay-cap.pdf"}],"text":"descubierto la economista Claudia Goldin"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":". Las mujeres también tienen más probabilidades de ser interrumpidas o de que no se les reconozcan sus ideas en las reuniones presenciales, o de ser penalizadas por ser asertivas."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":20},{"__typename":"RelatedLinksBlock","description":[],"displayStyle":"COMPACT","related":[{"__typename":"Article","bylines":[{"__typename":"Byline","creators":[{"__typename":"Person","displayName":"Jennifer Medina","id":"UGVyc29uOm55dDovL3BlcnNvbi84MjRkZjkzZC0wOGJlLTVmYWYtOTljZC1kZmMyMDQwNjAzOTc="},{"__typename":"Person","displayName":"Lisa Lerer","id":"UGVyc29uOm55dDovL3BlcnNvbi80NWMyMzNhYy02MjdiLTViMTctODI5Mi05MzcxMWQwY2Q5M2Y="}]}],"collections":[],"firstPublished":"2020-04-24T16:30:07.959Z","headline":{"__typename":"CreativeWorkHeadline","default":"Cuando el trabajo de mamá es el que debe esperar","seo":""},"id":"QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlL2ZkY2MyYzAwLTMwYTgtNWRiMS1iNTViLTQ1NGZmMGY4YTVhNA==","promotionalHeadline":"Cuando el trabajo de mamá es el que debe esperar","promotionalMedia":{"__typename":"Image","credit":"vía Saba Lurie","crops":[{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"thumbLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2020\u002F04\u002F15\u002Fus\u002Fpolitics\u002F23virus-wmenswork-ES-01\u002F00womenswork-topalt-thumbLarge.jpg","width":150}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"square640","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2020\u002F04\u002F15\u002Fus\u002Fpolitics\u002F23virus-wmenswork-ES-01\u002F00womenswork-topalt-square640.jpg","width":640}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"videoLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2020\u002F04\u002F15\u002Fus\u002Fpolitics\u002F23virus-wmenswork-ES-01\u002F00womenswork-topalt-videoLarge.jpg","width":768},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"mediumThreeByTwo440","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2020\u002F04\u002F15\u002Fus\u002Fpolitics\u002F23virus-wmenswork-ES-01\u002F00womenswork-topalt-mediumThreeByTwo440.jpg","width":440},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","name":"threeByTwoSmallAt2X","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2020\u002F04\u002F15\u002Fus\u002Fpolitics\u002F23virus-wmenswork-ES-01\u002F00womenswork-topalt-threeByTwoSmallAt2X.jpg","width":600}]}],"id":"SW1hZ2U6bnl0Oi8vaW1hZ2UvMWUwMTdmNGItNWQ5Ny01YjQzLWIzYTQtN2MzMjRmNjNmYTJm"},"promotionalSummary":"La pandemia ha trastocado el precario equilibrio de las mamás trabajadoras, que se han encontrado refugiadas en los baños de casa o en sus autos mientras intentan conciliar su empleo con las demandas de cuidado familiar.","section":{"__typename":"Section","displayName":"En español","id":"U2VjdGlvbjpueXQ6Ly9zZWN0aW9uLzQ4ZGM3MGY1LTI5M2EtNTkzNy04MmFmLWY0ZmRjMjRlZDJlZQ=="},"summary":"La pandemia ha trastocado el precario equilibrio de las mamás trabajadoras, que se han encontrado refugiadas en los baños de casa o en sus autos mientras intentan conciliar su empleo con las demandas de cuidado familiar.","typeOfMaterials":["News"],"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002Fes\u002F2020\u002F04\u002F24\u002Fespanol\u002Ftrabajo-remoto-zoom-mujer.html"}],"title":[]},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":21},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Los trabajadores de oficina que no son blancos se enfrentan a la discriminación. En una "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Ffutureforum.com\u002F2021\u002F03\u002F11\u002Fdismantling-the-office-moving-from-retrofit-to-redesign\u002F"}],"text":"encuesta realizada por Future Forum"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":", un grupo de investigación de Slack, los oficinistas negros eran más propensos que los blancos a decir que preferían el trabajo a distancia, porque reducía la necesidad de "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fhbr.org\u002F2019\u002F11\u002Fthe-costs-of-codeswitching"}],"text":"cambiar de código"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" (cambiar de comportamiento en diferentes contextos) y aumentaba su sentido de pertenencia en el trabajo."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":true,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":true,"index":22},{"__typename":"ImageBlock","media":{"__typename":"Image","altText":"","caption":{"__typename":"TextOnlyDocumentBlock","content":[{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Las oficinas abiertas contemporáneas producen hasta un 70 por ciento menos de interacciones cara a cara, según un estudio. La gente se distraía, por lo que usaba auriculares y se evitaba."}]}],"text":"Las oficinas abiertas contemporáneas producen hasta un 70 por ciento menos de interacciones cara a cara, según un estudio. La gente se distraía, por lo que usaba auriculares y se evitaba."},"credit":"Gabby Jones para The New York Times","crops":[{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":400,"name":"articleLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2021\u002F06\u002F21\u002Fbusiness\u002F00up-remotework3-esp-3\u002Fmerlin_178254507_d5bba322-2571-4fd3-a08f-fe6a2a1b0b3b-articleLarge.jpg","width":600},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":434,"name":"popup","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2021\u002F06\u002F21\u002Fbusiness\u002F00up-remotework3-esp-3\u002Fmerlin_178254507_d5bba322-2571-4fd3-a08f-fe6a2a1b0b3b-popup.jpg","width":650},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":684,"name":"jumbo","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2021\u002F06\u002F21\u002Fbusiness\u002F00up-remotework3-esp-3\u002Fmerlin_178254507_d5bba322-2571-4fd3-a08f-fe6a2a1b0b3b-jumbo.jpg","width":1024},{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":1367,"name":"superJumbo","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2021\u002F06\u002F21\u002Fbusiness\u002F00up-remotework3-esp-3\u002Fmerlin_178254507_d5bba322-2571-4fd3-a08f-fe6a2a1b0b3b-superJumbo.jpg","width":2048}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":150,"name":"thumbLarge","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2021\u002F06\u002F21\u002Fbusiness\u002F00up-remotework3-esp-3\u002F00up-remotework3-thumbLarge.jpg","width":150}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":127,"name":"articleInline","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2021\u002F06\u002F21\u002Fbusiness\u002F00up-remotework3-esp-3\u002Fmerlin_178254507_d5bba322-2571-4fd3-a08f-fe6a2a1b0b3b-articleInline.jpg","width":190}]},{"__typename":"ImageCrop","renditions":[{"__typename":"ImageRendition","height":1799,"name":"mobileMasterAt3x","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fstatic01.nyt.com\u002Fimages\u002F2021\u002F06\u002F21\u002Fbusiness\u002F00up-remotework3-esp-3\u002F00up-remotework3-mobileMasterAt3x.jpg","width":1800}]}],"id":"SW1hZ2U6bnl0Oi8vaW1hZ2UvN2ZjZGY3MjMtOWNlMC01NThiLTg0ODItNzdlZWU2MWRkMTcy","imageType":"photo","legacyHtmlCaption":"Las oficinas abiertas contemporáneas producen hasta un 70 por ciento menos de interacciones cara a cara, según un estudio. La gente se distraía, por lo que usaba auriculares y se evitaba.","timesTags":[],"uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Fimage\u002F7fcdf723-9ce0-558b-8482-77eee61dd172","url":"\u002Fimagepages\u002F2021\u002F07\u002F05\u002Fbusiness\u002F00up-remotework3-esp-3.html"},"size":"MEDIUM"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":true,"index":23},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Sin embargo, el trabajo a distancia puede permitir que las ideas broten de las personas en distintos contextos. En línea, las personas que no se sienten cómodas dando su opinión en una reunión presencial tal vez se sientan más capaces de intervenir. Las lluvias de ideas por medio de aplicaciones como Slack pueden "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nytimes.com\u002F2020\u002F07\u002F02\u002Fupshot\u002Fis-the-five-day-office-week-over.html"}],"text":"brindar muchas más perspectivas"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" al incluir a gente que no habría sido invitada a una reunión, como los pasantes o los empleados de otros departamentos"}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":24},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“Cuando todo el mundo ve el mismo cuadrito de texto o video en la pantalla, todos tienen el mismo lugar en la mesa, literalmente”, comentó Barbara Messing, directora de experiencia de los empleados en Roblox, una empresa de videojuegos en línea que está dejando dos días de trabajo remoto a la semana y permite que las personas trabajen donde quieran dos meses al año."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":25},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Además, las empresas remotas pueden contratar a un grupo más diverso: personas para las que las largas horas en la oficina no habrían funcionado, o personas que viven en otro lugar. “Si solo contratas en un radio de 30 kilómetros, no consigues diversidad”, dice John Sullivan, consultor de recursos humanos."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"bad":false,"index":26},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Permitir el trabajo a distancia tiene sus riesgos: si algunas personas están en la oficina, las que no lo están pueden verse penalizadas. Ver a los compañeros en persona también es beneficioso para la creatividad; la lluvia de ideas y la colaboración en proyectos requiere confianza, basada en las relaciones personales."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":27},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Por eso algunos expertos han sugerido una nueva idea para la oficina: no como una sede a la que la gente acude a diario o semanalmente, sino como un lugar al que la gente acude a veces, para pasar el rato en grupo. Empresas como "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fcloud.3dissue.com\u002F89166\u002F89559\u002F105596\u002FFutureofwork\u002Findex.html?r=72"}],"text":"Ford"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":", "},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[{"__typename":"LinkFormat","title":"","uri":null,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.salesforce.com\u002Fnews\u002Fstories\u002Fcreating-a-best-workplace-from-anywhere\u002F"}],"text":"Salesforce"},{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":" y Zillow están llevado a cabo versiones de esto, y reconfigurando sus oficinas con más espacios para pasar el rato y menos filas de escritorios."}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktop":false,"adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsHybrid":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"bad":false,"index":28},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"“Uno de nuestros mayores temores es que, si no lo hacemos bien, crearemos una realidad de dos niveles para los empleados: quién está en la sala, quién no, quién juega a la política, quién no”, dijo Spaulding, de Zillow. “Creemos que los humanos quieren conectarse y colaborar. Pero ¿es necesario hacerlo cinco días a la semana, o se puede hacer una vez cada tres meses?”,"}],"textAlign":"LEFT"},{"__typename":"DetailBlock","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","formats":[],"text":"Claire Cain Miller escribe sobre género, familias y el futuro del trabajo para The Upshot. Se unió al Times en 2008 y formó parte de un equipo que ganó un Premio Pulitzer en 2018 por su servicio público por informar sobre problemas de acoso sexual en el lugar de trabajo. 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