CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Olaf Scholz - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"49d32050-4f99-463c-8871-e6f51f75f692","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Olaf_Scholz","wgTitle":"Olaf Scholz","wgCurRevisionId":1281779397,"wgRevisionId":1281779397,"wgArticleId":14230694,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the Phonos extension","Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments","Articles containing German-language text","CS1 German-language sources (de)","Webarchive template wayback links","Webarchive template archiveis links","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from January 2025","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles with dead external links from October 2022","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from March 2025","Use Oxford spelling from January 2025","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from March 2025","Pages with German IPA","Pages including recorded pronunciations","Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2023","Articles with unsourced statements from June 2023","All articles with incomplete citations","Articles with incomplete citations from January 2025","Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021","People appearing on C-SPAN","Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians","Olaf Scholz","1958 births","Living people","Politicians from Osnabrück","People from Wandsbek","Finance ministers of Germany","Mayors of Hamburg","Vice-chancellors of Germany","Senators of Hamburg","Social affairs ministers of Germany","Government ministers of Germany","Ministers of labor of Germany","Leaders of political parties in Germany","Former Lutherans","Members of the Bundestag 1998–2002","Members of the Bundestag 2002–2005","Members of the Bundestag 2005–2009","Members of the Bundestag 2009–2013","Members of the Bundestag 2021–2025","Members of the Bundestag for Hamburg","Members of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party of Germany","University of Hamburg alumni","20th-century German politicians","21st-century chancellors of Germany","Members of the Bundestag 2025–2029"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Olaf_Scholz","wgRelevantArticleId":14230694,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":200000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q61053","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.phonos.init","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.gallery","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.21"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1435"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/800px-Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="957"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/640px-Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="765"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Olaf Scholz - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Olaf_Scholz rootpage-Olaf_Scholz skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Olaf+Scholz" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Olaf+Scholz" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Olaf+Scholz" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Olaf+Scholz" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life_and_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life and education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Political career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Political career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_political_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early political career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Young_socialist_(1975–1989)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Young_socialist_(1975–1989)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Young socialist (1975–1989)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Young_socialist_(1975–1989)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Member_of_the_Bundestag_(1998–2001)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Member_of_the_Bundestag_(1998–2001)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Member of the Bundestag (1998–2001)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Member_of_the_Bundestag_(1998–2001)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senator_for_the_Interior_of_Hamburg_(2001)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senator_for_the_Interior_of_Hamburg_(2001)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Senator for the Interior of Hamburg (2001)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senator_for_the_Interior_of_Hamburg_(2001)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federal_and_state_political_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal_and_state_political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Federal and state political career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal_and_state_political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Member_of_the_Bundestag_(2002–2011)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Member_of_the_Bundestag_(2002–2011)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Member of the Bundestag (2002–2011)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Member_of_the_Bundestag_(2002–2011)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minister_of_Labour_and_Social_Affairs_(2007–2009)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minister_of_Labour_and_Social_Affairs_(2007–2009)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Minister of Labour and Social Affairs (2007–2009)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minister_of_Labour_and_Social_Affairs_(2007–2009)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_Mayor_of_Hamburg_(2011–2018)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_Mayor_of_Hamburg_(2011–2018)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>First Mayor of Hamburg (2011–2018)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_Mayor_of_Hamburg_(2011–2018)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vice_Chancellor_and_Minister_of_Finance_(2018–2021)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vice_Chancellor_and_Minister_of_Finance_(2018–2021)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>Vice Chancellor and Minister of Finance (2018–2021)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vice_Chancellor_and_Minister_of_Finance_(2018–2021)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Candidate_for_SPD_co-leadership_(2019)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Candidate_for_SPD_co-leadership_(2019)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.5</span> <span>Candidate for SPD co-leadership (2019)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Candidate_for_SPD_co-leadership_(2019)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SPD_chancellor_candidate_(2021)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SPD_chancellor_candidate_(2021)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.6</span> <span>SPD chancellor candidate (2021)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SPD_chancellor_candidate_(2021)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chancellor_of_Germany_(2021–2025)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chancellor_of_Germany_(2021–2025)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Chancellor of Germany (2021–2025)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Chancellor_of_Germany_(2021–2025)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Chancellor of Germany (2021–2025) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Chancellor_of_Germany_(2021–2025)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Foreign policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Relationship_with_Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationship_with_Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Relationship with Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relationship_with_Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Russian invasion of Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestic_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestic_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Domestic policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestic_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-COVID-19_vaccine_mandate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19_vaccine_mandate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>COVID-19 vaccine mandate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19_vaccine_mandate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Immigration_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immigration_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Immigration policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immigration_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SPD_chancellor_candidate_(2025)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SPD_chancellor_candidate_(2025)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>SPD chancellor candidate (2025)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SPD_chancellor_candidate_(2025)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Political views</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_views-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Political views subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Political_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economic_and_financial_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_and_financial_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Economic and financial policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_and_financial_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environment_and_climate_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environment_and_climate_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Environment and climate policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environment_and_climate_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Foreign policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other activities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_activities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other activities subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>International organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corporate_boards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporate_boards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Corporate boards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corporate_boards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-profits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-profits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Non-profits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-profits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Olaf Scholz</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 107 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-107" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">107 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A6%E1%88%8B%E1%8D%8D_%E1%88%BE%E1%88%8D%E1%8B%9D" title="ኦላፍ ሾልዝ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኦላፍ ሾልዝ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3" title="أولاف شولتس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أولاف شولتس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_%C5%9Eolts" title="Olaf Şolts – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Olaf Şolts" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AB_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8" title="ওলাফ শলৎস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওলাফ শলৎস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Шольц Олаф – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Шольц Олаф" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86" title="Олаф Шольц – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Олаф Шольц" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%84_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86" title="Оляф Шольц – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Оляф Шольц" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%86" title="Олаф Шолц – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Олаф Шолц" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%8C%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%86_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%84%CF%82" title="Όλαφ Σολτς – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Όλαφ Σολτς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3" title="اولاف شولتس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اولاف شولتس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%AC%EB%9D%BC%ED%94%84_%EC%88%84%EC%B8%A0" title="올라프 숄츠 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="올라프 숄츠" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%AC%D5%A1%D6%86_%D5%87%D5%B8%D5%AC%D6%81" title="Օլաֆ Շոլց – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օլաֆ Շոլց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A3_%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A5" title="אולף שולץ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אולף שולץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98" title="ოლაფ შოლცი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოლაფ შოლცი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86" title="Олаф Шольц – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Олаф Шольц" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%9F_%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%AA" title="ໂອລັຟ ໂຊນສ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໂອລັຟ ໂຊນສ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaus_Scholz" title="Olaus Scholz – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Olaus Scholz" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olafs_%C5%A0olcs" title="Olafs Šolcs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Olafs Šolcs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%86" title="Олаф Шолц – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Олаф Шолц" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="ओलाफ शोल्त्स – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ओलाफ शोल्त्स" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98" title="ოლაფ შოლცი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოლაფ შოლცი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3" title="اولاف شولتس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اولاف شولتس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3" title="اولاف شولتس – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اولاف شولتس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86" title="Олаф Шольц – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Олаф Шольц" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%86" title="Олаф Шолц – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Олаф Шолц" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="ओलाफ सोल्स – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ओलाफ सोल्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%A9%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%84" title="オラフ・ショルツ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オラフ・ショルツ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86,_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Шольц, Олаф – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шольц, Олаф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%B4%DB%86%DA%B5%D8%AA%D8%B3" title="ئۆلاف شۆڵتس – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئۆلاف شۆڵتس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%86" title="Олаф Шолц – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Олаф Шолц" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="ஒலாஃப் சோல்த்சு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒலாஃப் சோல்த்சு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86" title="Олаф Шольц – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Олаф Шольц" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9F_%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%8C" title="โอลัฟ ช็อลทซ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โอลัฟ ช็อลทซ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%81" title="Олаф Шолтс – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Олаф Шолтс" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86" title="Олаф Шольц – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Олаф Шольц" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B2" title="اولاف شولز – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اولاف شولز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A3_%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A5" title="אלאף שאלץ – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אלאף שאלץ" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E5%87%8C%E5%BF%97" title="蕭凌志 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蕭凌志" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Olaf Scholz" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olafs_%C5%A0olcos" title="Olafs Šolcos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Olafs Šolcos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%9C%94%E5%B0%94%E8%8C%A8" title="奥拉夫·朔尔茨 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奥拉夫·朔尔茨" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q61053#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Olaf_Scholz" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Olaf_Scholz" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Olaf_Scholz" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&oldid=1281779397" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Olaf_Scholz&id=1281779397&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOlaf_Scholz"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOlaf_Scholz"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Olaf_Scholz&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Olaf_Scholz" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Olaf_Scholz" hreflang="en"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q61053" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chancellor of Germany since 2021</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Scholz" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Scholz_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scholz (disambiguation)">Scholz (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Olaf Scholz</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_German_Bundestag" title="Member of the German Bundestag">MdB</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="1202" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Scholz in 2024</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Chancellor of Germany</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />8 December 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vice-Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Vice-Chancellor of Germany">Vice Chancellor</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Habeck" title="Robert Habeck">Robert Habeck</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chancellor_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Chancellor of Germany">Vice Chancellor of Germany</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />14 March 2018 – 8 December 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Chancellor</th><td class="infobox-data">Angela Merkel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sigmar_Gabriel" title="Sigmar Gabriel">Sigmar Gabriel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Robert Habeck</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Finance_(Germany)" title="Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany)">Minister of Finance</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />14 March 2018 – 8 December 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Chancellor</th><td class="infobox-data">Angela Merkel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Altmaier" title="Peter Altmaier">Peter Altmaier</a> (acting)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Lindner" title="Christian Lindner">Christian Lindner</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Hamburg" title="List of mayors of Hamburg">First Mayor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />7 March 2011 – 13 March 2018</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Hamburg" title="List of mayors of Hamburg">Second Mayor</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dorothee_Stapelfeldt" title="Dorothee Stapelfeldt">Dorothee Stapelfeldt</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Katharina_Fegebank" title="Katharina Fegebank">Katharina Fegebank</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Ahlhaus" title="Christoph Ahlhaus">Christoph Ahlhaus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Tschentscher" title="Peter Tschentscher">Peter Tschentscher</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-bottom:-.65em; ; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; border:1px dashed lightgrey;;"><div style="text-align: center; padding: 0 0.4em; margin: 0 3.3em">Early political career <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">2001–⁠2011</span> </div></th> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Deputy Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />27 October 2009 – 11 March 2011<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with <span class="nowrap">Joachim Poß</span>, <span class="nowrap">Angelica Schwall-Düren</span>, <span class="nowrap">Elke Ferner</span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Kelber" title="Ulrich Kelber">Ulrich Kelber</a></span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gernot_Erler" title="Gernot Erler">Gernot Erler</a></span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Florian_Pronold" title="Florian Pronold">Florian Pronold</a></span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Ziegler" title="Dagmar Ziegler">Dagmar Ziegler</a></span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Hubertus Heil</a></span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Axel_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Axel Schäfer">Axel Schäfer</a></span></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Stiegler" title="Ludwig Stiegler">Ludwig Stiegler</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Walter_Kolbow" title="Walter Kolbow">Walter Kolbow</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Rudolf_K%C3%B6rper" title="Fritz Rudolf Körper">Fritz Rudolf Körper</a><br />Klaas Hübner<br />Christel Humme</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lambrecht" title="Christine Lambrecht">Christine Lambrecht</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Labour_and_Social_Affairs" title="Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs">Minister for Labour and Social Affairs</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />21 November 2007 – 27 October 2009</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Chancellor</th><td class="infobox-data">Angela Merkel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Jung" title="Franz Josef Jung">Franz Josef Jung</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Whip_(politics)" title="Whip (politics)">Chief Whip</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />13 October 2005 – 21 November 2007</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Struck_(politician)" title="Peter Struck (politician)">Peter Struck</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Wilhelm Schmidt</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Oppermann" title="Thomas Oppermann">Thomas Oppermann</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">General Secretary of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />20 October 2002 – 21 March 2004</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Franz Müntefering</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Uwe_Benneter" title="Klaus Uwe Benneter">Klaus Uwe Benneter</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hamburg#Executive" title="Government of Hamburg">Senator for the Interior of Hamburg</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />30 May 2001 – 31 October 2001</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Hamburg" title="List of mayors of Hamburg">First Mayor</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ortwin_Runde" title="Ortwin Runde">Ortwin Runde</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Hartmuth Wrocklage</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Schill" title="Ronald Schill">Ronald Schill</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-bottom:-.65em; ; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; border:1px dashed lightgrey;;"><div style="text-align: center; padding: 0 0.4em; margin: 0 3.3em">Parliamentary constituencies </div></th> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_German_Bundestag" title="Member of the German Bundestag">Member</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> <br /> for <a href="/wiki/Potsdam_%E2%80%93_Potsdam-Mittelmark_II_%E2%80%93_Teltow-Fl%C3%A4ming_II" title="Potsdam – Potsdam-Mittelmark II – Teltow-Fläming II">Potsdam – Potsdam-Mittelmark II – Teltow-Fläming II</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: #eee"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/2021_German_federal_election" title="2021 German federal election">26 October 2021</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Manja Schüle (2019)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/German_Bundesrat#Today" title="German Bundesrat">Member</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_Bundesrat" title="German Bundesrat">Bundesrat</a> <br /> for <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />7 March 2011 – 13 March 2018</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Ahlhaus" title="Christoph Ahlhaus">Christoph Ahlhaus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Tschentscher" title="Peter Tschentscher">Peter Tschentscher</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Hamburg_Parliament" title="Hamburg Parliament">Hamburg Parliament</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/2015_Hamburg_state_election" title="2015 Hamburg state election">2 March 2015</a> – 2 March 2015</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Himself (2011)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Electoral list</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_Germany" title="Electoral system of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/2011_Hamburg_state_election" title="2011 Hamburg state election">7 March 2011</a> – 7 March 2011</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Multi-member district</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Andrea Rugbarth</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Electoral list</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_Germany" title="Electoral system of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_German_Bundestag" title="Member of the German Bundestag">Member</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> <br /> for <a href="/wiki/Hamburg-Altona_(electoral_district)" title="Hamburg-Altona (electoral district)">Hamburg-Altona</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/2002_German_federal_election" title="2002 German federal election">17 October 2002</a> – 11 March 2011</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Himself (2001)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Ingo Egloff</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/1998_German_federal_election" title="1998 German federal election">26 October 1998</a> – 6 June 2001</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Marliese Dobberthien</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Himself (2002)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/German_Bundesrat#Today" title="German Bundesrat">Deputy Member</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_Bundesrat" title="German Bundesrat">Bundesrat</a> <br /> for <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />30 May 2001 – 31 October 2001</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ortwin_Runde" title="Ortwin Runde">Ortwin Runde</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Hartmuth Wrocklage</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Multi-member district </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1958-06-14</span>) </span>14 June 1958<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 66)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Osnabr%C3%BCck" title="Osnabrück">Osnabrück</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic</a><br />(since 1975)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Britta_Ernst" title="Britta Ernst">Britta Ernst</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1998)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Residence(s)</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Old_Market_Square,_Potsdam" title="Old Market Square, Potsdam">Old Market Square</a>, Potsdam<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hamburg" title="University of Hamburg">University of Hamburg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Olaf_Scholz_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Olaf Scholz's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Olaf_Scholz_Signature.svg/125px-Olaf_Scholz_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Olaf_Scholz_Signature.svg/188px-Olaf_Scholz_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Olaf_Scholz_Signature.svg/250px-Olaf_Scholz_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="146" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olaf-scholz.spd.de">olaf-scholz<wbr />.spd<wbr />.de</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61053#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Olaf Scholz</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈoːlaf<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈʃɔlts]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/b\/bc\/De-Olaf_Scholz.ogg\/De-Olaf_Scholz.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Olaf Scholz.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bc/De-Olaf_Scholz.ogg/De-Olaf_Scholz.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:De-Olaf_Scholz.ogg" title="File:De-Olaf Scholz.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; born <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1958-06-14</span>)</span>14 June 1958) is a German politician who has served as the <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">chancellor of Germany</a> since 2021. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a> (SPD), he previously served as <a href="/wiki/Vice-Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Vice-Chancellor of Germany">vice chancellor</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Merkel_cabinet" title="Fourth Merkel cabinet">fourth Merkel cabinet</a> and as <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Finance_(Germany)" title="Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany)">Federal Minister of Finance</a> from 2018 to 2021. He was also <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Hamburg" title="List of mayors of Hamburg">First Mayor of Hamburg</a> from 2011 to 2018, deputy leader of the SPD from 2009 to 2019, and <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Labour_and_Social_Affairs" title="Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs">Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs</a> from 2007 to 2009. </p><p>Scholz began his career as a lawyer specialising in <a href="/wiki/Employment_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Employment law">labour and employment law</a>. He became a member of the SPD in the 1970s and was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> from 1998 to 2011. Scholz served in the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hamburg" title="Government of Hamburg">Hamburg Government</a> under <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Hamburg" title="List of mayors of Hamburg">First Mayor</a> <a href="/wiki/Ortwin_Runde" title="Ortwin Runde">Ortwin Runde</a> in 2001 and became <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">general secretary</a> of the SPD in 2002, where he served alongside SPD leader and then-chancellor <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a>. He became his party's <a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip" title="Chief Whip">chief whip</a> in the Bundestag, later entering the <a href="/wiki/First_Merkel_cabinet" title="First Merkel cabinet">First Merkel Government</a> in 2007 as <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Labour_and_Social_Affairs" title="Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs">Federal Minister for Labour and Social Affairs</a>. After the SPD moved into the opposition following the <a href="/wiki/2009_German_federal_election" title="2009 German federal election">2009 election</a>, Scholz returned to lead the SPD in Hamburg. He was then elected deputy leader of the SPD. He led his party to victory in the <a href="/wiki/2011_Hamburg_state_election" title="2011 Hamburg state election">2011 Hamburg state election</a> and became first mayor, a position he held until 2018. </p><p>After the Social Democratic Party entered the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Merkel_cabinet" title="Fourth Merkel cabinet">fourth Merkel government</a> in 2018, Scholz was appointed as both minister of finance and Vice Chancellor of Germany. In 2020, he was nominated as the SPD's <a href="/wiki/Candidate" title="Candidate">candidate</a> for Chancellor of Germany for the <a href="/wiki/2021_German_federal_election" title="2021 German federal election">2021 federal election</a>. The party won a plurality of seats in the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> and formed a "<a href="/wiki/Traffic_light_coalition" title="Traffic light coalition">traffic light coalition</a>" with <a href="/wiki/Alliance_90/The_Greens" title="Alliance 90/The Greens">Alliance 90/The Greens</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">Free Democratic Party</a>. On 8 December 2021, Scholz was elected and sworn in as chancellor by the Bundestag, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a>. </p><p>As chancellor, Scholz has overseen Germany's response to the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>. Despite giving a restrained and timid response compared to many other Western leaders, Scholz oversaw a significant increase in the German defence budget, <a href="/wiki/List_of_military_aid_to_Ukraine_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War">weapons shipments to Ukraine</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2">Nord Stream 2</a> pipeline was put on hold. Three days after the invasion, Scholz set out the principles of a new German defence policy in his <a href="/wiki/Zeitenwende_speech" title="Zeitenwende speech">Zeitenwende speech</a>. In September 2022, three of the four <a href="/wiki/2022_Nord_Stream_pipeline_sabotage" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage">Nord Stream pipelines were destroyed</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel–Hamas war">Israel–Hamas war</a>, he authorized substantial German <a href="/wiki/Military_aid" title="Military aid">military</a> and medical aid to Israel, and denounced the actions of <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_political_violence" title="Palestinian political violence">Palestinian militant groups</a>. In November 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Constitutional_Court" title="Federal Constitutional Court">Federal Constitutional Court</a> demanded budget cuts totaling <span class="nowrap">€60<span class="nowrap"> </span>billion</span> to ensure the government would not surpass <a href="/wiki/Debt_limit" title="Debt limit">debt limits</a> as set in the constitution;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this proved a significant challenge for Scholz's cabinet and contributed to the <a href="/wiki/2023%E2%80%932024_German_farmers%27_protests" title="2023–2024 German farmers' protests">2023–2024 protests</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 6 November 2024, <a href="/wiki/2024_German_government_crisis" title="2024 German government crisis">his government majority collapsed</a> as he dismissed <a href="/wiki/Christian_Lindner" title="Christian Lindner">Christian Lindner</a> from the post of <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Finance_(Germany)" title="Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany)">Federal Minister of Finance</a> and broke up the coalition agreement. On 16 December 2024, Scholz lost a <a href="/wiki/Motion_of_confidence#Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Motion of confidence">vote of confidence</a>. On the same day, he requested the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Germany" title="President of Germany">President of Germany</a> to dissolve the Bundestag. The President, <a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a>, did so and called <a href="/wiki/2025_German_federal_election" title="2025 German federal election">new elections</a> for 23 February 2025, which Scholz's SPD then lost to <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Merz" title="Friedrich Merz">Friedrich Merz</a>'s CDU, with the SPD placing third behind <a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">Alternative for Germany</a> with their worst result in post-war history. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Olaf Scholz was born on 14 June 1958, in <a href="/wiki/Osnabr%C3%BCck" title="Osnabrück">Osnabrück</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a>, and grew up in <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Rahlstedt" title="Rahlstedt">Rahlstedt</a> district.<sup id="cite_ref-Cliffe-2021_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cliffe-2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His parents worked in the <a href="/wiki/Textile_industry" title="Textile industry">textile industry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has two younger brothers, Jens Scholz, an <a href="/wiki/Anesthesiologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anesthesiologist">anesthesiologist</a> and CEO of the <a href="/wiki/University_Medical_Center_Schleswig_Holstein" title="University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein">University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Ingo Scholz, a tech entrepreneur. </p><p>Olaf Scholz attended the Bekassinenau elementary school in Oldenfelde, and then switched to the Großlohering elementary school in Großlohe. After graduating from high school in 1977, he began studying law at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hamburg" title="University of Hamburg">University of Hamburg</a> in 1978 as part of a one-stage legal training course.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later found employment as a lawyer specialising in labour and employment law, working at the law firm Zimmermann, Scholz und Partner.<sup id="cite_ref-Chazan-2018_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chazan-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz joined the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a> at the age of 17.<sup id="cite_ref-Cliffe-2021_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cliffe-2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Olaf Scholz's family is traditionally <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a>, and he was <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">baptized</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Church in Germany">Protestant Church in Germany</a>. He holds largely <a href="/wiki/Secularity" title="Secularity">secular</a> political views, and left the Church in adulthood, but has emphasised a need for appreciation of Germany's Christian heritage and culture.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Social_democracy" title="Category:Social democracy">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.65em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rose_(symbolism)#Socialism_and_social_democracy" title="Rose (symbolism)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Pu%C3%B1o_y_rosa.svg/60px-Pu%C3%B1o_y_rosa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Pu%C3%B1o_y_rosa.svg/120px-Pu%C3%B1o_y_rosa.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="581" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_social_democracy" title="History of social democracy">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Declaration" title="Frankfurt Declaration">Frankfurt Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godesberg_Program" title="Godesberg Program">Godesberg Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalist%E2%80%93defencist_schism" title="Internationalist–defencist schism">Internationalist–defencist schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keynesian_economics" title="Keynesian economics">Keynesianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labor movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Marxism" title="Orthodox Marxism">Orthodox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionism_(Marxism)" title="Revisionism (Marxism)">Revisionist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_model" title="Nordic model">Nordic model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy#Second_International_era_and_reform_or_revolution_dispute_(1889–1914)" title="Social democracy">Reformist–revolutionary dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_socialism" title="History of socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">Revolutions of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_capitalism" title="Welfare capitalism">Welfare capitalism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">Civil liberties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critical_theory" title="Critical theory">Critical theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_democracy" title="Industrial democracy">Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">Representative</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirigisme" title="Dirigisme">Dirigisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_protection" title="Environmental protection">Environmental protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_trade" title="Fair trade">Fair trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gradualism" title="Gradualism">Gradualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institutional_abuse" title="Institutional abuse">Institutional abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)#Socialism" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reform" title="Land reform">Land reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_rights" title="Labor rights">Labor rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Left-wing nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_economy" title="Mixed economy">Mixed economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">Nationalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negative_and_positive_rights" title="Negative and positive rights">Negative and positive rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">Progressivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Reformism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reformist_Left" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformist Left">Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_corporatism" title="Social corporatism">Social corporatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_justice" title="Social justice">Social justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_market_economy" title="Social market economy">Social market economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">Socialist state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">Socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_abuse" title="Structural abuse">Structural abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_violence" title="Structural violence">Structural violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">Trade union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartism" title="Tripartism">Tripartism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_spending" title="Welfare spending">Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">Welfare state</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)">Variants</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">Democratic socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_socialism" title="Ethical socialism">Ethical socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein#Opinions" title="Eduard Bernstein">Evolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_socialism" title="Liberal socialism">Liberal socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_of_the_21st_century" title="Socialism of the 21st century">Socialism of the 21st century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Way" title="Third Way">Third Way</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_democrats" title="List of social democrats">People</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">Ambedkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende">Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern" title="Jacinda Ardern">Ardern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obafemi_Awolowo" title="Obafemi Awolowo">Awolowo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Batlle_y_Ord%C3%B3%C3%B1ez" title="José Batlle y Ordóñez">Batlle y Ordóñez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Bebel" title="August Bebel">Bebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">Ben-Gurion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B3mulo_Betancourt" title="Rómulo Betancourt">Betancourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto">Bhutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc">Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Branting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1zaro_C%C3%A1rdenas" title="Lázaro Cárdenas">Cárdenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Clark" title="Helen Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettino_Craxi" title="Bettino Craxi">Craxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Crosland" title="Anthony Crosland">Crosland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Curtin" title="John Curtin">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Daszy%C5%84ski" title="Ignacy Daszyński">Daszyński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs" title="Eugene V. Debs">Debs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Douglas" title="Tommy Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Drees" title="Willem Drees">Drees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Ebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClent_Ecevit" title="Bülent Ecevit">Ecevit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tage_Erlander" title="Tage Erlander">Erlander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Fraser" title="Peter Fraser">Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einar_Gerhardsen" title="Einar Gerhardsen">Gerhardsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">González</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Goulart" title="João Goulart">Goulart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Hardie" title="Keir Hardie">Hardie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Hilferding" title="Rudolf Hilferding">Hilferding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdal_%C4%B0n%C3%B6n%C3%BC" title="Erdal İnönü">İnönü</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Jaur%C3%A8s" title="Jean Jaurès">Jaurès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_Jumblatt" title="Kamal Jumblatt">Jumblatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsun_Chang" title="Carsun Chang">Junmai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Katayama" title="Tetsu Katayama">Katayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kautsky" title="Karl Kautsky">Kautsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kerensky" title="Alexander Kerensky">Kerensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_K%C3%A9thly" title="Anna Kéthly">Kéthly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Kirk" title="Norman Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Lagos" title="Ricardo Lagos">Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lassalle" title="Ferdinand Lassalle">Lassalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Layton" title="Jack Layton">Layton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_L%C3%A9vesque" title="René Lévesque">Lévesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Liebknecht" title="Wilhelm Liebknecht">Liebknecht (father)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht" title="Karl Liebknecht">Liebknecht (son)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alva_Myrdal" title="Alva Myrdal">Myrdal (Alva)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Myrdal" title="Gunnar Myrdal">Myrdal (Gunnar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olof_Palme" title="Olof Palme">Palme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Plekhanov" title="Georgi Plekhanov">Plekhanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romano_Prodi" title="Romano Prodi">Prodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Radbruch" title="Gustav Radbruch">Radbruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Pedro Sánchez">Sánchez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_Savage" title="Michael Joseph Savage">Savage</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorvald_Stauning" title="Thorvald Stauning">Stauning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Thomas" title="Norman Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joop_den_Uyl" title="Joop den Uyl">Den Uyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Webb,_1st_Baron_Passfield" title="Sidney Webb, 1st Baron Passfield">Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Whitlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noe_Zhordania" title="Noe Zhordania">Zhordania</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_democratic_parties" title="List of social democratic parties">Organizations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Union_Confederation" title="International Trade Union Confederation">International Trade Union Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Socialist_Youth" title="International Union of Socialist Youth">International Union of Socialist Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance" title="Progressive Alliance">Progressive Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_International" title="Socialist International">Socialist International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_European_Socialists" title="Young European Socialists">Young European Socialists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_of_Social_Democracy_in_Asia" title="Network of Social Democracy in Asia">Network of Social Democracy in Asia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)">By region</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Austria" title="History of the Social Democratic Party of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="History of the Social Democratic Party of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="History of the Labour Party (UK)">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Social democracy in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Internationale" title="The Internationale">The Internationale</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_socialism" title="Types of socialism">Types of socialism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #B60202; border-bottom:none;"> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-money.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/20px-Emblem-money.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/40px-Emblem-money.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Economics" title="Portal:Economics">Economics portal</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/20px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/40px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/17px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/26px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/34px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></b></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Social_democracy_sidebar" title="Template:Social democracy sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Social_democracy_sidebar" title="Template talk:Social democracy sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Social_democracy_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Social democracy sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_political_career">Early political career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Young_socialist_(1975–1989)"><span id="Young_socialist_.281975.E2.80.931989.29"></span>Young socialist (1975–1989)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Young socialist (1975–1989)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olaf_Scholz_1984.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Olaf_Scholz_1984.jpg/220px-Olaf_Scholz_1984.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Olaf_Scholz_1984.jpg/330px-Olaf_Scholz_1984.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Olaf_Scholz_1984.jpg/440px-Olaf_Scholz_1984.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1568" data-file-height="1497" /></a><figcaption>Scholz at the <a href="/wiki/Young_Socialists_in_the_SPD" title="Young Socialists in the SPD">Young Socialists Congress</a>, 1984</figcaption></figure> <p>Olaf Scholz joined the <a href="/wiki/SPD" class="mw-redirect" title="SPD">SPD</a> in 1975 as a student, where he came into contact with the <a href="/wiki/Young_Socialists_in_the_SPD" title="Young Socialists in the SPD">Jusos</a>, the youth organization of the SPD. From 1982 to 1988, he was Deputy Federal Chairman of the Jusos. Scholz was also Vice President of the <a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Socialist_Youth" title="International Union of Socialist Youth">International Union of Socialist Youth</a> from 1987 to 1989. He supported the Freudenberger Kreis, a <a href="/wiki/Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist">Marxist</a> wing of the Jusos' university groups, arguing that society should "overcome the capitalist economy" in one of his publications.<sup id="cite_ref-Bauernopfer_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauernopfer-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In it, Scholz criticized the "aggressive-imperialist <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>", the <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Federal Republic</a> as the "European stronghold of big business" and the <a href="/wiki/Social-liberal_coalition" class="mw-redirect" title="Social-liberal coalition">social-liberal coalition</a>, which puts the "bare maintenance of power above any form of substantive dispute".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Referring to this period in his life, Scholz later said that he "made almost all possible mistakes at some point".<sup id="cite_ref-Bauernopfer_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bauernopfer-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 January 1984, Olaf Scholz and other Juso leaders attended a meeting in <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> with <a href="/wiki/Egon_Krenz" title="Egon Krenz">Egon Krenz</a>, then secretary of the Central Committee of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Party_of_Germany" title="Socialist Unity Party of Germany">SED</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Herbert_H%C3%A4ber" title="Herbert Häber">Herbert Häber</a>, member of the Politburo of the SED-Central Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1987, Scholz crossed the <a href="/wiki/Inner_German_border" title="Inner German border">inner-German border</a> again and stood up for disarmament agreements as Juso-Vice at an <a href="/wiki/Free_German_Youth" title="Free German Youth">FDJ</a> peace rally in <a href="/wiki/Wittenberg" title="Wittenberg">Wittenberg</a> alongside FDJ head <a href="/wiki/Eberhard_Aurich" title="Eberhard Aurich">Eberhard Aurich</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Member_of_the_Bundestag_(1998–2001)"><span id="Member_of_the_Bundestag_.281998.E2.80.932001.29"></span>Member of the Bundestag (1998–2001)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Member of the Bundestag (1998–2001)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Scholz was elected to his first political office as a Deputy Member of the Bundestag representing the constituency of <a href="/wiki/Hamburg-Altona_(electoral_district)" title="Hamburg-Altona (electoral district)">Hamburg-Altona</a> in <a href="/wiki/1998_German_federal_election" title="1998 German federal election">1998</a>, aged 40.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his tenure, Scholz served on the Committee for Labour and Social Matters.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the committee of inquiry into the visa affair of the Bundestag, he was chairman of the SPD parliamentary group.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz resigned his mandate on 6 June 2001, to take office as Senator.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (June 2023)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Because his seat was an <a href="/wiki/Overhang_seat" title="Overhang seat">overhang seat</a>, it was not filled until the <a href="/wiki/2002_German_federal_election" title="2002 German federal election">2002 German federal election</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Senator_for_the_Interior_of_Hamburg_(2001)"><span id="Senator_for_the_Interior_of_Hamburg_.282001.29"></span>Senator for the Interior of Hamburg (2001)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Senator for the Interior of Hamburg (2001)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 30 May 2001, Scholz succeeded Hartmuth Wrocklage to become <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hamburg" title="Government of Hamburg">Senator for the Interior of Hamburg</a> in the Senate led by Mayor <a href="/wiki/Ortwin_Runde" title="Ortwin Runde">Ortwin Runde</a>. Wrocklage had resigned due to allegations of nepotism. He also succeeded Wrocklage as <a href="/wiki/German_Bundesrat#Today" title="German Bundesrat">Deputy Member</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_Bundesrat" title="German Bundesrat">Bundesrat</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During his brief time as Senator, Scholz approved the involuntary use of <a href="/wiki/Vomiting" title="Vomiting">emetics</a> to gather evidence from suspected drug dealers.<sup id="cite_ref-politico2021_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico2021-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The measure was controversial: the Hamburg Medical Chamber expressed disapproval of this practice due to potential health risks<sup id="cite_ref-Pressestelle_der_Ärztekammer_Hamburg-2001_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pressestelle_der_Ärztekammer_Hamburg-2001-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as did his then coalition partner <a href="/wiki/Alliance_90/The_Greens_Hamburg" title="Alliance 90/The Greens Hamburg">GAL</a> calling it “a serious violation of privacy and physical integrity”<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the practice was ruled illegal in 2006 by the <a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="European Court of Human Rights">European Court of Human Rights</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-politico2021_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico2021-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholz left office in October 2001, after the defeat of his party at the <a href="/wiki/2001_Hamburg_state_election" title="2001 Hamburg state election">2001 Hamburg state election</a> and the election of <a href="/wiki/Ole_von_Beust" title="Ole von Beust">Ole von Beust</a> as First Mayor. His successor was <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Schill" title="Ronald Schill">Ronald Schill</a>, who had won on a <a href="/wiki/Law_and_order_(politics)" title="Law and order (politics)">Law and order</a> platform, with an emphasis on harsh penalties for drug dealers.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_and_state_political_career">Federal and state political career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Federal and state political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Member_of_the_Bundestag_(2002–2011)"><span id="Member_of_the_Bundestag_.282002.E2.80.932011.29"></span>Member of the Bundestag (2002–2011)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Member of the Bundestag (2002–2011)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Scholz was elected again to the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2002_German_federal_election" title="2002 German federal election">2002 German federal election</a>. From 2002 to 2004, Scholz also served as <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General">General Secretary of the SPD</a>; he resigned from that office when party leader and Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a>, facing disaffection within his own party and hampered by persistently low public approval ratings, announced he would step down as Leader of the Social Democratic Party.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholz was one of a series of politicians who sparked debate over the German journalistic norm of allowing interviewees to "authorize" and amend quotes before publication. This came after his press team insisted on extensively editing an interview with <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Tageszeitung" title="Die Tageszeitung">Die Tageszeitung</a></i> in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (January 2025)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (January 2025)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <i>Die Tageszeitung</i> editor <a href="/wiki/Bascha_Mika" title="Bascha Mika">Bascha Mika</a> condemned the norm as a "betrayal of the claim to a free press", and the newspaper ultimately published the interview with Scholz's answers blacked out.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholz served as the SPD spokesperson on the inquiry committee investigating the 2005 <a href="/wiki/German_Visa_Affair_2005" class="mw-redirect" title="German Visa Affair 2005">German Visa Affair</a>. Following the <a href="/wiki/2005_German_federal_election" title="2005 German federal election">federal election</a> later that year, he served as First Parliamentary Secretary of the SPD Bundestag Group. He also became <a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip" title="Chief Whip">Chief Whip</a> of the Social Democratic Party. In this capacity, he worked closely with the CDU Chief Whip <a href="/wiki/Norbert_R%C3%B6ttgen" title="Norbert Röttgen">Norbert Röttgen</a> to manage and defend the <a href="/wiki/Grand_coalition_(Germany)" title="Grand coalition (Germany)">grand coalition</a> led by Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> in the Bundestag.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz also served as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Oversight_Panel_(Germany)" title="Parliamentary Oversight Panel (Germany)">Parliamentary Oversight Panel</a>, which provides parliamentary oversight of the German federal intelligence services; the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Intelligence_Service_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Intelligence Service (Germany)">BND</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milit%C3%A4rischer_Abschirmdienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Militärischer Abschirmdienst">MAD</a> and <a href="/wiki/Federal_Office_for_the_Protection_of_the_Constitution" title="Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution">BfV</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Minister_of_Labour_and_Social_Affairs_(2007–2009)"><span id="Minister_of_Labour_and_Social_Affairs_.282007.E2.80.932009.29"></span>Minister of Labour and Social Affairs (2007–2009)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Minister of Labour and Social Affairs (2007–2009)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2007, Scholz was appointed to serve as <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Labour_and_Social_Affairs_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (Germany)">Minister of Labour and Social Affairs</a> in the first <a href="/wiki/First_Merkel_cabinet" title="First Merkel cabinet">Merkel Government</a>, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/2009_German_federal_election" title="2009 German federal election">2009 federal election</a>, when the SPD left the Government, Scholz was elected as Deputy Leader of the SPD, replacing <a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a>. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Between 2009 and 2011, he was also a member of the SPD group's Afghanistan/Pakistan Task Force.<sup id="cite_ref-spd-os21_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spd-os21-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, he participated in the annual <a href="/wiki/Bilderberg_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilderberg Group">Bilderberg Meeting</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sitges" title="Sitges">Sitges</a>, Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_Mayor_of_Hamburg_(2011–2018)"><span id="First_Mayor_of_Hamburg_.282011.E2.80.932018.29"></span>First Mayor of Hamburg (2011–2018)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: First Mayor of Hamburg (2011–2018)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olaf_Scholz_IMG_4886_edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Olaf_Scholz_IMG_4886_edit.jpg/250px-Olaf_Scholz_IMG_4886_edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Olaf_Scholz_IMG_4886_edit.jpg/330px-Olaf_Scholz_IMG_4886_edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Olaf_Scholz_IMG_4886_edit.jpg/500px-Olaf_Scholz_IMG_4886_edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4400" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Scholz in March 2011, on the government benches in the <a href="/wiki/Hamburg_Parliament" title="Hamburg Parliament">Hamburg Parliament</a>, shortly after his election as First Mayor</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2011, Scholz was the lead SPD candidate at the <a href="/wiki/2011_Hamburg_state_election" title="2011 Hamburg state election">Hamburg state election</a>, which the SPD won with 48.3% of the votes, taking 62 of 121 seats in the <a href="/wiki/Hamburg_Parliament" title="Hamburg Parliament">Hamburg Parliament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz resigned as a Member of the Bundestag on 11 March 2011, days after his formal election as First Mayor of Hamburg; <a href="/wiki/Dorothee_Stapelfeldt" title="Dorothee Stapelfeldt">Dorothee Stapelfeldt</a>, also a Social Democrat, was appointed his Deputy First Mayor.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his capacity as First Mayor, Scholz represented Hamburg and Germany internationally. On 7 June 2011, Scholz attended the <a href="/wiki/State_dinner" class="mw-redirect" title="State dinner">state dinner</a> hosted by President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> in honor of <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Chancellor</a> <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> at the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As host of Hamburg's annual St. Matthias' Day banquet for the city's civic and business leaders, he brought several notable guests of honour to the city, including <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marc_Ayrault" title="Jean-Marc Ayrault">Jean-Marc Ayrault</a>, Prime Minister of France, in 2013; <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a>, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, in 2016; and <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>, Prime Minister of Canada, in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 2015 until 2018, Scholz also served as <a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Germany_relations" title="France–Germany relations">Commissioner of the Federal Republic of Germany for Cultural Affairs under the Treaty on Franco-German Cooperation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cumbre_de_L%C3%ADderes_del_G20._D%C3%ADa_2_(35796382395).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cumbre_de_L%C3%ADderes_del_G20._D%C3%ADa_2_%2835796382395%29.jpg/250px-Cumbre_de_L%C3%ADderes_del_G20._D%C3%ADa_2_%2835796382395%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cumbre_de_L%C3%ADderes_del_G20._D%C3%ADa_2_%2835796382395%29.jpg/330px-Cumbre_de_L%C3%ADderes_del_G20._D%C3%ADa_2_%2835796382395%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cumbre_de_L%C3%ADderes_del_G20._D%C3%ADa_2_%2835796382395%29.jpg/500px-Cumbre_de_L%C3%ADderes_del_G20._D%C3%ADa_2_%2835796382395%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4650" data-file-height="3318" /></a><figcaption>Scholz and the spouses of the heads of state and government at the <a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a> in Hamburg, 2017</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2013, Scholz opposed a public initiative aiming at a complete buyback of energy grids that the city of Hamburg had sold to utilities <a href="/wiki/Vattenfall" title="Vattenfall">Vattenfall</a> Europe AG and <a href="/wiki/E.ON" title="E.ON">E.ON</a> decades before; he argued this would overburden the city, whose debt stood at more than <span class="nowrap">€20B</span> at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholz was asked to participate in exploratory talks between the CDU, CSU and SPD parties to form a coalition government following the <a href="/wiki/2013_German_federal_election" title="2013 German federal election">2013 federal election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the subsequent negotiations, he led the SPD delegation in the financial policy working group; his co-chair from the CDU/CSU was Finance Minister <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble" title="Wolfgang Schäuble">Wolfgang Schäuble</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alongside fellow Social Democrats <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Asmussen" title="Jörg Asmussen">Jörg Asmussen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Oppermann" title="Thomas Oppermann">Thomas Oppermann</a>, Scholz was reported in the media to be a possible successor to Schäuble in the post of Finance Minister at the time; whilst Schäuble remained in post, the talks to form a coalition were ultimately successful.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a paper compiled in late 2014, Scholz and Schäuble proposed redirecting revenue from the <a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Germany" title="Taxation in Germany">solidarity surcharge</a> on income and corporate tax (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Solidaritätszuschlag</i></span>) to subsidize the federal states' interest payments.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under Scholz's leadership, the Social Democrats won the <a href="/wiki/2015_Hamburg_state_election" title="2015 Hamburg state election">2015 state election</a> in Hamburg, receiving around 47% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He formed a <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalition government</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_%2790/The_Greens" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance '90/The Greens">Green Party</a>, with Green leader <a href="/wiki/Katharina_Fegebank" title="Katharina Fegebank">Katharina Fegebank</a> being appointed to serve as Deputy First Mayor.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olaf_Scholz_-_Global_Citizen_Festival_Hamburg_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Olaf_Scholz_-_Global_Citizen_Festival_Hamburg_03.jpg/220px-Olaf_Scholz_-_Global_Citizen_Festival_Hamburg_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Olaf_Scholz_-_Global_Citizen_Festival_Hamburg_03.jpg/330px-Olaf_Scholz_-_Global_Citizen_Festival_Hamburg_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Olaf_Scholz_-_Global_Citizen_Festival_Hamburg_03.jpg/440px-Olaf_Scholz_-_Global_Citizen_Festival_Hamburg_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3246" data-file-height="2364" /></a><figcaption>Scholz speaking at the <a href="/wiki/Global_Citizen_Festival" title="Global Citizen Festival">Global Citizen Festival</a> 2017 in Hamburg</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2015, Scholz led Hamburg's bid to host the <a href="/wiki/2024_Summer_Olympics" title="2024 Summer Olympics">2024 Summer Olympics</a> with an estimated budget of <span class="nowrap">€11.2B</span> (<span style="white-space: nowrap">US$12.6B</span>), competing against Los Angeles, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>. In a referendum, the citizens of Hamburg later rejected the city's candidacy, with more than half voting against the project.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later that year, Scholz – alongside <a href="/wiki/Minister-President" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister-President">Minister-President</a> <a href="/wiki/Torsten_Albig" title="Torsten Albig">Torsten Albig</a> of <a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a> – negotiated a <a href="/wiki/Debt_restructuring" title="Debt restructuring">debt-restructuring deal</a> with the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>. The deal allowed German regional lender <a href="/wiki/HSH_Nordbank" class="mw-redirect" title="HSH Nordbank">HSH Nordbank</a> to offload <span class="nowrap">€6.2B</span> in problematic assets, primarily underperforming ship loans, onto its government majority owners and avoid being shut down, saving around 2,500 jobs.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, Scholz was criticised for his handling of riots that took place during the <a href="/wiki/2017_G20_Hamburg_summit" title="2017 G20 Hamburg summit">G20 summit</a> in Hamburg.<sup id="cite_ref-Chazan-2018_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chazan-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late 2021, Scholz was widely criticised for his handling of the <a href="/wiki/CumEx-Files" title="CumEx-Files">CumEx</a> tax fraud at <a href="/wiki/M._M._Warburg_%26_Co." title="M. M. Warburg & Co.">M. M. Warburg & Co.</a> when he was the mayor of Hamburg.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vice_Chancellor_and_Minister_of_Finance_(2018–2021)"><span id="Vice_Chancellor_and_Minister_of_Finance_.282018.E2.80.932021.29"></span>Vice Chancellor and Minister of Finance (2018–2021)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Vice Chancellor and Minister of Finance (2018–2021)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2018-03-12_Unterzeichnung_des_Koalitionsvertrages_der_19._Wahlperiode_des_Bundestages_by_Sandro_Halank%E2%80%93003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/2018-03-12_Unterzeichnung_des_Koalitionsvertrages_der_19._Wahlperiode_des_Bundestages_by_Sandro_Halank%E2%80%93003.jpg/220px-2018-03-12_Unterzeichnung_des_Koalitionsvertrages_der_19._Wahlperiode_des_Bundestages_by_Sandro_Halank%E2%80%93003.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/2018-03-12_Unterzeichnung_des_Koalitionsvertrages_der_19._Wahlperiode_des_Bundestages_by_Sandro_Halank%E2%80%93003.jpg/330px-2018-03-12_Unterzeichnung_des_Koalitionsvertrages_der_19._Wahlperiode_des_Bundestages_by_Sandro_Halank%E2%80%93003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/2018-03-12_Unterzeichnung_des_Koalitionsvertrages_der_19._Wahlperiode_des_Bundestages_by_Sandro_Halank%E2%80%93003.jpg/440px-2018-03-12_Unterzeichnung_des_Koalitionsvertrages_der_19._Wahlperiode_des_Bundestages_by_Sandro_Halank%E2%80%93003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5175" data-file-height="3931" /></a><figcaption>Scholz (SPD), <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> (CDU) and <a href="/wiki/Horst_Seehofer" title="Horst Seehofer">Horst Seehofer</a> (CSU) presenting the 2018 <a href="/wiki/Grand_coalition_(Germany)" title="Grand coalition (Germany)">coalition agreement</a> for Germany's <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Merkel_cabinet" title="Fourth Merkel cabinet">fourth Merkel cabinet</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After a lengthy period of inter-party negotiations following the <a href="/wiki/2017_German_federal_election" title="2017 German federal election">2017 federal election</a>, during which the CDU, CSU and SPD agreed to continue in coalition, Scholz was appointed <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Finance_(Germany)" title="Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany)">Federal Minister of Finance</a>. Scholz was sworn in alongside the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Merkel_cabinet" title="Fourth Merkel cabinet">fourth Merkel cabinet</a> on 14 March 2018, also taking the role of <a href="/wiki/Vice_Chancellor_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Chancellor of Germany">Vice Chancellor of Germany</a> under <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within his first months in office, Scholz became one of Germany's most popular politicians, reaching an approval rating of 50%.<sup id="cite_ref-Nienaber-2018_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nienaber-2018-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, Scholz ran for leader of the SPD, but lost to <a href="/wiki/Norbert_Walter-Borjans" title="Norbert Walter-Borjans">Norbert Walter-Borjans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Germany" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Germany">COVID-19 pandemic in Germany</a>, Scholz drafted a series of financial rescue packages for the country's economy, including a <span class="nowrap">€130B</span> stimulus package in June 2020. The stimulus package included support for businesses and freelancers as well as a decision to keep factories open. This is often credited as having prevented mass layoffs, and the effects of the <a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 financial crisis</a> on the German economy were initially relatively low.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz also oversaw the allocation of funding received from <a href="/wiki/Next_Generation_EU" title="Next Generation EU">Next Generation EU</a>, the European Union's <span class="nowrap">€750B</span> COVID-19 recovery fund. 90% of the <span class="nowrap">€28B</span> available to Germany was invested into <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_mitigation" title="Climate change mitigation">climate protection</a> and <a href="/wiki/Digitization" title="Digitization">digitization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the <a href="/wiki/47th_G7_summit" title="47th G7 summit">G7 summit</a> in June 2021, the G7 agreed on a <a href="/wiki/Global_minimum_corporate_tax_rate" title="Global minimum corporate tax rate">global minimum corporate tax rate</a> of at least 15%, which had been proposed by Scholz.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz is credited as having convinced President of the US <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> to agree to the proposal, which his predecessor <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> had been opposed to.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in June 2021, Scholz oversaw the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Central_Tax_Office" title="Federal Central Tax Office">Federal Central Tax Office's</a> purchase of information regarding German citizens using <a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> for <a href="/wiki/Tax_avoidance" title="Tax avoidance">tax avoidance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tax_evasion" title="Tax evasion">evasion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholz was criticized in the context of the <a href="/wiki/Wirecard_scandal" title="Wirecard scandal">Wirecard scandal</a>; serious misconduct by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Financial_Supervisory_Authority" title="Federal Financial Supervisory Authority">Federal Financial Supervisory Authority</a> (BaFin), which is under the responsibility of the Federal Ministry of Finance, is alleged to have contributed to the longevity of the fraudulent business.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During Scholz's time in office, the Ministry of Finance was one of the subjects of parliamentary inquiry into the scandal, but Scholz has denied any personal responsibility.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having vowed to strengthen financial market supervision, he replaced BaFin president <a href="/w/index.php?title=Felix_Hufeld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Felix Hufeld (page does not exist)">Felix Hufeld</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Candidate_for_SPD_co-leadership_(2019)"><span id="Candidate_for_SPD_co-leadership_.282019.29"></span>Candidate for SPD co-leadership (2019)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Candidate for SPD co-leadership (2019)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2019_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany_leadership_election" title="2019 Social Democratic Party of Germany leadership election">2019 Social Democratic Party of Germany leadership election</a></div> <p>In June 2019, Scholz initially ruled out a candidacy for the party co-leadership following the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Nahles" title="Andrea Nahles">Andrea Nahles</a>. He explained that a simultaneous activity as <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Finance_(Germany)" title="Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany)">Federal Minister of Finance</a> and party leader was "not possible in terms of time".<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in August, Scholz announced his intention to run for party chairmanship with <a href="/wiki/Klara_Geywitz" title="Klara Geywitz">Klara Geywitz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He said that many of his preferred candidates had not run for office, expressing a sense of "responsibility".<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the six candidate duos standing for election, the Geywitz-Scholz due received the most votes in the first round of the membership elections on 26 October 2019, with 22.7%. They qualified for the runoff election with the second-placed team <a href="/wiki/Saskia_Esken" title="Saskia Esken">Saskia Esken</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norbert_Walter-Borjans" title="Norbert Walter-Borjans">Norbert Walter-Borjans</a>, which had received 21.0% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 30 November 2019, it was announced that Esken and Walter-Borjans had received 53.1% of the vote in the runoff election, with Geywitz and Scholz only receiving 45.3%.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was seen as an upset victory for the left-wing of the SPD, including skeptics of <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Merkel_cabinet" title="Fourth Merkel cabinet">the grand coalition with the CDU</a>. Esken and Walter-Borjans were little-known to the public at large, Esken being a backbencher in the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> and Walter-Borjans being the former Minister of Finance of <a href="/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a> from 2010 to 2017. Scholz on the other hand had the backing of much of the party establishment.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="SPD_chancellor_candidate_(2021)"><span id="SPD_chancellor_candidate_.282021.29"></span>SPD chancellor candidate (2021)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: SPD chancellor candidate (2021)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2021_German_federal_election" title="2021 German federal election">2021 German federal election</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2021-08-21_Olaf_Scholz_0309.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/2021-08-21_Olaf_Scholz_0309.JPG/220px-2021-08-21_Olaf_Scholz_0309.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/2021-08-21_Olaf_Scholz_0309.JPG/330px-2021-08-21_Olaf_Scholz_0309.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/2021-08-21_Olaf_Scholz_0309.JPG/440px-2021-08-21_Olaf_Scholz_0309.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="772" /></a><figcaption>Scholz at an election campaign event</figcaption></figure> <p>On 10 August 2020, SPD party leadership agreed that it would nominate Scholz to be the party's candidate for <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Chancellor of Germany</a> at the <a href="/wiki/2021_German_federal_election" title="2021 German federal election">2021 federal election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ft.com_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ft.com-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz is usually grouped with the moderate wing of the SPD,<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his nomination was seen by <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Tageszeitung" title="Die Tageszeitung">Die Tageszeitung</a></i> as marking a decline of the party's left.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholz led the SPD to a narrow victory in the election, with the party receiving 25.8% of the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_Germany" title="Electoral system of Germany">second votes</a> and 206 seats in the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following this victory, Scholz was widely considered to be the most likely next Chancellor of Germany in a <a href="/wiki/Traffic_light_coalition" title="Traffic light coalition">traffic light coalition</a> with <a href="/wiki/Alliance_90/The_Greens" title="Alliance 90/The Greens">The Greens</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">Free Democratic Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 November, the SPD, Green and FDP reached a <a href="/wiki/Coalition_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Coalition agreement">coalition agreement</a>, naming Scholz as the new German chancellor.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chancellor_of_Germany_(2021–2025)"><span id="Chancellor_of_Germany_.282021.E2.80.932025.29"></span>Chancellor of Germany (2021–2025)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Chancellor of Germany (2021–2025)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Scholz was elected as chancellor by the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> on 8 December 2021, with 395 votes in favour and 303 against.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His <a href="/wiki/Scholz_cabinet" title="Scholz cabinet">new government</a> was appointed on the same day by President <a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At <span data-sort-value="7004231880000000000♠"></span>63 years, 177 days of age, Scholz is the oldest person to become chancellor since <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a>, who was <span data-sort-value="7004269160000000000♠"></span>73 years, 253 days old when he assumed office on 15 September 1949. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1275594942">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center .gallery{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left .gallery{justify-content:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right .gallery{justify-content:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery.gallery.gallery{line-height:1.35em;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;column-gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{outline:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .skin-invert-image .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb.thumb.thumb img{outline:solid #d7d7d7 1px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .skin-invert-image .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb.thumb.thumb img{background:none!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb img:not([alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]):not([alt*="\200b \200b \200c "]){background:white!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]{filter:invert(1)hue-rotate(180deg)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .skin-invert-image .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb.thumb.thumb img{outline:solid #d7d7d7 1px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .skin-invert-image .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb.thumb.thumb img{background:none!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb img:not([alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]):not([alt*="\200b \200b \200c "]){background:white!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mod-gallery img[alt*="\200b \200b \200b "]{filter:invert(1)hue-rotate(180deg)}}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P%C3%A4%C3%A4ministeri_Marinin_ja_liittokansleri_Scholzin_tapaaminen_16.3.2022_(51941396612).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Scholz and Finnish prime minister Sanna Marin in 2022"><img alt="Scholz and Finnish prime minister Sanna Marin in 2022" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/P%C3%A4%C3%A4ministeri_Marinin_ja_liittokansleri_Scholzin_tapaaminen_16.3.2022_%2851941396612%29.jpg/400px-P%C3%A4%C3%A4ministeri_Marinin_ja_liittokansleri_Scholzin_tapaaminen_16.3.2022_%2851941396612%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/P%C3%A4%C3%A4ministeri_Marinin_ja_liittokansleri_Scholzin_tapaaminen_16.3.2022_%2851941396612%29.jpg/600px-P%C3%A4%C3%A4ministeri_Marinin_ja_liittokansleri_Scholzin_tapaaminen_16.3.2022_%2851941396612%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/P%C3%A4%C3%A4ministeri_Marinin_ja_liittokansleri_Scholzin_tapaaminen_16.3.2022_%2851941396612%29.jpg/800px-P%C3%A4%C3%A4ministeri_Marinin_ja_liittokansleri_Scholzin_tapaaminen_16.3.2022_%2851941396612%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7068" data-file-height="5301" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scholz and Finnish prime minister <a href="/wiki/Sanna_Marin" title="Sanna Marin">Sanna Marin</a> in 2022</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 302px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Joe_Biden_and_Chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Scholz meets US President Joe Biden in March 2023"><img alt="Scholz meets US President Joe Biden in March 2023" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/President_Joe_Biden_and_Chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.jpg/450px-President_Joe_Biden_and_Chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/President_Joe_Biden_and_Chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.jpg/675px-President_Joe_Biden_and_Chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/President_Joe_Biden_and_Chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.jpg/900px-President_Joe_Biden_and_Chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scholz meets US President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> in March 2023</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Foreign policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_Olaf_Scholz" title="List of international trips made by Olaf Scholz">List of international trips made by Olaf Scholz</a></div> <p>In December 2021, Scholz travelled to Warsaw for talks with Polish prime minister <a href="/wiki/Mateusz_Morawiecki" title="Mateusz Morawiecki">Mateusz Morawiecki</a>, where they discussed the <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2">Nord Stream 2</a> <a href="/wiki/Gas_pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas pipeline">gas pipeline</a>, which would bring Russian gas under the Baltic Sea to Germany and bypass Poland, and Poland's <a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%93present_Polish_constitutional_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2015–present Polish constitutional crisis">dispute with the European Union</a> over the <a href="/wiki/Primacy_of_European_Union_law" title="Primacy of European Union law">primacy</a> of <a href="/wiki/European_Union_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union law">EU law</a>. Scholz backed Poland's efforts to stop the flow of <a href="/wiki/2021_Belarus%E2%80%93European_Union_border_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Belarus–European Union border crisis">migrants seeking entry</a> from Belarus.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholz extended into 2022 the suspension of the sale of weapons to <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decision was made to "no longer approve any export sales to countries as long as they are directly involved" in the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian-led_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen">Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2022, Scholz visited the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> and Saudi Arabia, seeking to deepen ties with the Arab states of the Persian Gulf and find alternative sources of energy.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Salman" title="Mohammed bin Salman">Mohammed bin Salman</a> received Scholz in Jeddah.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz's government approved new arms export deals to Saudi Arabia, despite a ban imposed as a result of the Saudi war in <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> and the assassination of Saudi journalist <a href="/wiki/Jamal_Khashoggi" title="Jamal Khashoggi">Jamal Khashoggi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:30_01_2023_-_Reuni%C3%A3o_com_as_delega%C3%A7%C3%B5es_empresarias_do_Brasil_e_da_Alemanha_(52660068378).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/30_01_2023_-_Reuni%C3%A3o_com_as_delega%C3%A7%C3%B5es_empresarias_do_Brasil_e_da_Alemanha_%2852660068378%29.jpg/220px-30_01_2023_-_Reuni%C3%A3o_com_as_delega%C3%A7%C3%B5es_empresarias_do_Brasil_e_da_Alemanha_%2852660068378%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/30_01_2023_-_Reuni%C3%A3o_com_as_delega%C3%A7%C3%B5es_empresarias_do_Brasil_e_da_Alemanha_%2852660068378%29.jpg/330px-30_01_2023_-_Reuni%C3%A3o_com_as_delega%C3%A7%C3%B5es_empresarias_do_Brasil_e_da_Alemanha_%2852660068378%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/30_01_2023_-_Reuni%C3%A3o_com_as_delega%C3%A7%C3%B5es_empresarias_do_Brasil_e_da_Alemanha_%2852660068378%29.jpg/440px-30_01_2023_-_Reuni%C3%A3o_com_as_delega%C3%A7%C3%B5es_empresarias_do_Brasil_e_da_Alemanha_%2852660068378%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3537" data-file-height="2358" /></a><figcaption>Scholz with Brazilian President <a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva</a> in Brasília, Brazil on 30 January 2023</figcaption></figure> <p>Scholz called the US "Europe's closest and most important partner". Upon assuming the chancellorship in December 2021, he stated he would soon be meeting with President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>, saying: "It is now clear what binds us together."<sup id="cite_ref-Voice_of_America-Scholz_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Voice_of_America-Scholz-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 February 2022, Scholz announced that Germany would be halting its approval of the <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2">Nord Stream 2</a> pipeline in response to Russia's <a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic_and_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="International recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic">recognition</a> of two self-declared <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">separatist republics</a> within Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz spoke against allowing the EU to cut Russia off from the <a href="/wiki/SWIFT" title="SWIFT">SWIFT</a> global interbank <a href="/wiki/Payment_system" title="Payment system">payment system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an emergency meeting of the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> on 27 February, Scholz made the <a href="/wiki/Zeitenwende_speech" title="Zeitenwende speech">Zeitenwende speech</a>, announcing a complete reversal of German military and foreign policy, including the commencement of weapons shipments to Ukraine and a <span class="nowrap">€100</span> billion increase in Germany's <a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">defense budget</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz succeeded in obtaining the two-thirds majority necessary to <a href="/wiki/German_balanced_budget_amendment" title="German balanced budget amendment">amend the debt ceiling</a> to allow Germany to establish a 100 billion euro defense fund that would not be subject to the restrictions.<sup id="cite_ref-Military_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Military-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One reporter called it a path to "an emergency military modernization, defence spending, energy independence from Russia, lethal assistance for Ukraine and EU financing for weaponry". However, in a press conference on 19 April Scholz spoke about slowing Germany's provision of weaponry to Ukraine, which was seen as reducing the scale of the policy change.<sup id="cite_ref-baker22_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker22-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2022, Scholz said that his government remains committed to phasing out <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_Germany" title="Nuclear power in Germany">nuclear power</a> despite <a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_global_energy_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2021–2022 global energy crisis">rising energy prices</a> and Germany's dependence on <a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_European_energy_sector" title="Russia in the European energy sector">energy imports from Russia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former Chancellor Angela Merkel committed Germany to a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_phase-out" title="Nuclear power phase-out">nuclear power phase-out</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Fukushima_nuclear_disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Fukushima nuclear disaster">Fukushima nuclear disaster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2022, Scholz expressed disagreement with the words of Palestinian leader <a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Abbas" title="Mahmoud Abbas">Mahmoud Abbas</a>, who compared Israel's <a href="/wiki/Israeli_occupation_of_the_West_Bank" title="Israeli occupation of the West Bank">treatment of Palestinians</a> to "apartheid" in South Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PM_Narendra_Modi_meets_the_Federal_Chancellor_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany,_Mr._Olaf_Scholz_at_Hyderabad_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/PM_Narendra_Modi_meets_the_Federal_Chancellor_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany%2C_Mr._Olaf_Scholz_at_Hyderabad_House.jpg/220px-PM_Narendra_Modi_meets_the_Federal_Chancellor_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany%2C_Mr._Olaf_Scholz_at_Hyderabad_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/PM_Narendra_Modi_meets_the_Federal_Chancellor_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany%2C_Mr._Olaf_Scholz_at_Hyderabad_House.jpg/330px-PM_Narendra_Modi_meets_the_Federal_Chancellor_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany%2C_Mr._Olaf_Scholz_at_Hyderabad_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/PM_Narendra_Modi_meets_the_Federal_Chancellor_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany%2C_Mr._Olaf_Scholz_at_Hyderabad_House.jpg/440px-PM_Narendra_Modi_meets_the_Federal_Chancellor_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany%2C_Mr._Olaf_Scholz_at_Hyderabad_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1506" data-file-height="1061" /></a><figcaption>Scholz with Indian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a> in New Delhi, India on 25 February 2023</figcaption></figure> <p>Energy-intensive <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Germany" title="Economy of Germany">German industry</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_Germany" title="List of exports of Germany">German exporters</a> were hit particularly hard by the <a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%93present_global_energy_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2021–present global energy crisis">2021–present global energy crisis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz said: "of course we knew, and we know, that our solidarity with Ukraine will have consequences."<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 September 2022, Germany presented a <span class="nowrap">€200B</span> plan to support industry and households.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2022, Scholz expressed support for the <a href="/wiki/European_Green_Deal" title="European Green Deal">European Green Deal</a> and reaffirmed Germany's goal of attaining <a href="/wiki/Carbon_neutrality" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon neutrality">climate neutrality</a>, or net-zero <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions" title="Greenhouse gas emissions">greenhouse gas emissions</a>, by 2045.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 14 March 2023, Scholz met with Azerbaijani President <a href="/wiki/Ilham_Aliyev" title="Ilham Aliyev">Ilham Aliyev</a> in Berlin. They discussed the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Gas_Corridor" title="Southern Gas Corridor">export of natural gas from Azerbaijan</a> to Germany and the European Union. Scholz said that "Azerbaijan is becoming an increasingly important partner for both Germany and the European Union" and stated that Germany does not recognize the Armenian separatist region of <a href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh" title="Nagorno-Karabakh">Nagorno-Karabakh</a> as an independent republic.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early May 2023, Scholz met with Ethiopian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Abiy_Ahmed" title="Abiy Ahmed">Abiy Ahmed</a> in Addis Ababa to normalize relations between Germany and <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, which had been strained by the <a href="/wiki/Tigray_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Tigray War">Tigray War</a> between the Ethiopian government and rebels in <a href="/wiki/Tigray_Region" title="Tigray Region">Tigray</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2023, Scholz called on all parties involved to resolve the <a href="/wiki/Cyprus_dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyprus dispute">Cyprus dispute</a>, which escalated after the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_invasion_of_Cyprus" title="Turkish invasion of Cyprus">Turkish invasion of Cyprus</a> in 1974 and the subsequent occupation of the northern part of the island.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo,_October_2023_(ABG_3943).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_October_2023_%28ABG_3943%29.jpg/220px-Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_October_2023_%28ABG_3943%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_October_2023_%28ABG_3943%29.jpg/330px-Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_October_2023_%28ABG_3943%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_October_2023_%28ABG_3943%29.jpg/440px-Isaac_Herzog_in_Tel_Aviv-Yafo%2C_October_2023_%28ABG_3943%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1620" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Scholz with Israeli President <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Herzog" title="Isaac Herzog">Isaac Herzog</a> in Tel Aviv, 17 October 2023</figcaption></figure> <p>Scholz condemned <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a>' actions during the <a href="/wiki/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Israel–Hamas war">2023 Israel–Hamas war</a>, expressed his support to <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, and began supporting the nation with <a href="/wiki/Military_aid" title="Military aid">military</a> and medical aid.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:10_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:11_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He criticized the <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_National_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian National Authority">Palestinian Authority</a> and Palestinian President <a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Abbas" title="Mahmoud Abbas">Mahmoud Abbas</a>, saying that "their silence is shameful."<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 17 October 2023, Scholz arrived in Israel and on the same day warned <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hezbollah" title="Hezbollah">Hezbollah</a> not to get involved in the war between Israel and <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a>. He said that "Germany and Israel are united by the fact that they are democratic constitutional states. Our actions are based on law and order, even in extreme situations."<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 12 November 2023, Scholz rejected calls for "an immediate ceasefire or long pause" in Israel's war against Hamas in <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza</a>, saying it would "mean ultimately that Israel leaves Hamas the possibility of recovering and obtaining new missiles".<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Speaking at the <a href="/wiki/2023_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference" title="2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference">COP28 climate summit</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> in December 2023, Scholz called for a <a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel_phase-out" title="Fossil fuel phase-out">phase-out of fossil fuels</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">coal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a>, and reiterated Germany's commitment to be climate neutral by 2045, saying, "The technologies are there: wind power, photovoltaics, electric motors, green hydrogen."<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2024, Scholz confronted EU foreign policy chief <a href="/wiki/Josep_Borrell" title="Josep Borrell">Josep Borrell</a> over his months-long criticism of Israel, saying Borrell did not speak for Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 28 May 2024, Scholz said that his government has no plans to officially recognise a <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Palestine">Palestinian state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EU_@_the_G7_Summit_2024_-_Roundtable_Africa,_climate_change_and_development_(03).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/EU_%40_the_G7_Summit_2024_-_Roundtable_Africa%2C_climate_change_and_development_%2803%29.jpg/220px-EU_%40_the_G7_Summit_2024_-_Roundtable_Africa%2C_climate_change_and_development_%2803%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/EU_%40_the_G7_Summit_2024_-_Roundtable_Africa%2C_climate_change_and_development_%2803%29.jpg/330px-EU_%40_the_G7_Summit_2024_-_Roundtable_Africa%2C_climate_change_and_development_%2803%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/EU_%40_the_G7_Summit_2024_-_Roundtable_Africa%2C_climate_change_and_development_%2803%29.jpg/440px-EU_%40_the_G7_Summit_2024_-_Roundtable_Africa%2C_climate_change_and_development_%2803%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7468" data-file-height="4978" /></a><figcaption>Scholz with <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Giorgia Meloni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rishi_Sunak" title="Rishi Sunak">Rishi Sunak</a> and other leaders at the <a href="/wiki/50th_G7_summit" title="50th G7 summit">50th G7 summit</a> in Italy, 13 June 2024</figcaption></figure> <p>In May 2024, Scholz criticized planned <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="China–European Union relations">EU tariffs</a> on imports of Chinese <a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">electric vehicles</a>, saying, "I would like to point out that currently 50% of electric vehicle imports from China in fact come from Western brands that produce vehicles there."<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2024, Scholz praised <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group" title="Volkswagen Group">Volkswagen AG</a>'s move to develop cheaper <a href="/wiki/Electric_car" title="Electric car">electric cars</a> for the European market.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2024, Scholz welcomed Argentine President <a href="/wiki/Javier_Milei" title="Javier Milei">Javier Milei</a> in Berlin. Scholz and Milei expressed support for the <a href="/wiki/EU-Mercosur_Association_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="EU-Mercosur Association Agreement">EU–Mercosur free trade agreement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz criticized European Union's trade policy and called on Brussels to speed up negotiations on <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a> agreements.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Relationship_with_Poland">Relationship with Poland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Relationship with Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Germany–Poland relations">Germany–Poland relations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mateusz_Morawiecki_spotka%C5%82_si%C4%99_z_kanclerzem-elektem_Niemiec_Olafem_Scholzem_w_Berlinie_(2021.11.25)_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Mateusz_Morawiecki_spotka%C5%82_si%C4%99_z_kanclerzem-elektem_Niemiec_Olafem_Scholzem_w_Berlinie_%282021.11.25%29_3.jpg/250px-Mateusz_Morawiecki_spotka%C5%82_si%C4%99_z_kanclerzem-elektem_Niemiec_Olafem_Scholzem_w_Berlinie_%282021.11.25%29_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Mateusz_Morawiecki_spotka%C5%82_si%C4%99_z_kanclerzem-elektem_Niemiec_Olafem_Scholzem_w_Berlinie_%282021.11.25%29_3.jpg/330px-Mateusz_Morawiecki_spotka%C5%82_si%C4%99_z_kanclerzem-elektem_Niemiec_Olafem_Scholzem_w_Berlinie_%282021.11.25%29_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Mateusz_Morawiecki_spotka%C5%82_si%C4%99_z_kanclerzem-elektem_Niemiec_Olafem_Scholzem_w_Berlinie_%282021.11.25%29_3.jpg/500px-Mateusz_Morawiecki_spotka%C5%82_si%C4%99_z_kanclerzem-elektem_Niemiec_Olafem_Scholzem_w_Berlinie_%282021.11.25%29_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Scholz and Polish Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mateusz_Morawiecki" title="Mateusz Morawiecki">Morawiecki</a> in 2021</figcaption></figure> <p>In December 2021, Scholz rejected the Polish government's claim for further <a href="/wiki/World_War_II_reparations" title="World War II reparations">World War II reparations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a consequence of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi German</a> and <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> aggression in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Poland <a href="/wiki/World_War_II_casualties_of_Poland" title="World War II casualties of Poland">lost about a fifth of its population</a> and much of its industry and infrastructure was destroyed. As a compensation Poland was awarded large parts of eastern Germany at the <a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Conference" title="Potsdam Conference">Potsdam Conference</a> in 1945,<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with Germany finally renouncing its claims to these territories – including <a href="/wiki/East_Prussia" title="East Prussia">East Prussia</a>, most of <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a>, as well as the eastern parts of <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pomerania" title="Pomerania">Pomerania</a> – in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Final_Settlement_with_Respect_to_Germany" title="Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany">Two Plus Four Agreement</a> in 1990. According to the German government, there is no legal basis for further compensation payments.<sup id="cite_ref-politico-2021_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico-2021-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a meeting with Polish Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mateusz_Morawiecki" title="Mateusz Morawiecki">Mateusz Morawiecki</a>, Scholz said "We have concluded treaties that are valid and have settled the past issues and the compensation".<sup id="cite_ref-politico-2021_123-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico-2021-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz also pointed out that Germany "continues to be willing to pay very, very high contributions to the EU budget", from which Poland has benefited considerably since its accession to the EU.<sup id="cite_ref-politico-2021_123-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico-2021-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Russian invasion of Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Putin-Scholz_meeting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Putin-Scholz_meeting.jpg/220px-Putin-Scholz_meeting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Putin-Scholz_meeting.jpg/330px-Putin-Scholz_meeting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Putin-Scholz_meeting.jpg/440px-Putin-Scholz_meeting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption>Scholz and <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Putin</a> in Moscow on 15 February 2022</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div> <p>In January 2022, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> reported intensifying concerns from the US and other NATO allies about the Scholz government's "evident hesitation to take forceful measures" against Russia in the <a href="/wiki/Prelude_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">run-up to its invasion of Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Scholz government initially refused to send weapons to <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, citing existing German policy and financial support for the Eastern European country.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc20_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc20-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As late as 15 February, Scholz was quoted by <a href="/wiki/TASS" title="TASS">TASS</a> as saying "the way out of the crisis in Ukraine is to implement the <a href="/wiki/Steinmeier_formula" class="mw-redirect" title="Steinmeier formula">Steinmeier formula</a>", a mechanism of granting a special status to the Donbas.<sup id="cite_ref-tass15_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tass15-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 26 February, following the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, Scholz reversed his decision and pledged a supply of <a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-tank weapons">anti-tank weapons</a> and <a href="/wiki/FIM-92_Stinger" title="FIM-92 Stinger">Stinger</a> missiles to Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the 24 February <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, Scholz rejected Ukraine's demands for weapons deliveries on 6 February, saying Germany "has for many years taken the clear stance that we do not deliver to crisis regions".<sup id="cite_ref-dwf6_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dwf6-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Russian invasion drastically changed German policy with regard to defense spending, aiding Ukraine and the nation's energy security. </p><p>Scholz greatly increased <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_military_expenditures" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by military expenditures">German defense expenditure</a>. Three days after the invasion started, he announced in the <a href="/wiki/Zeitenwende_speech" title="Zeitenwende speech">Zeitenwende speech</a> the creation of a one-off <span class="nowrap">€100B</span> fund for the <a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">Bundeswehr</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This represented a major shift in German foreign policy, as Germany had long refused to meet the required spending of 2% of its GDP on defense, as is required by NATO.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to increasing defense spending for his own country, in an address to Germany's parliament on 23 March, Scholz emphasized support for aiding Ukraine in its resistance to Russian invasion.<sup id="cite_ref-dw.com_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dw.com-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%97%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B7_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97,_%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B6_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%97_69.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/%D0%97%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B7_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97%2C_%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B6_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%97_69.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/%D0%97%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B7_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97%2C_%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B6_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%97_69.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/%D0%97%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B7_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97%2C_%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B6_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%97_69.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2001" /></a><figcaption>Scholz and <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Macron</a> visit Kyiv on 16 June 2022</figcaption></figure> <p>With regard to supporting Ukraine and taking action against Russia, Scholz was trailing behind others. On 26 February 2022, he was the last of several EU leaders to continue opposition against kicking Russia out of the <a href="/wiki/SWIFT" title="SWIFT">SWIFT</a> international payment system.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Germany did send some effective weapons to Ukraine. By 17 March about 2,000 portable missile weapons against tanks and aircraft had been sent.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his 23 March speech, Scholz claimed that Germany would "try everything we can until peace prevails again on our continent" including taking hundreds of thousands of <a href="/wiki/2022_Ukrainian_refugee_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Ukrainian refugee crisis">Ukrainian refugees</a> across German borders.<sup id="cite_ref-dw.com_131-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dw.com-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like most other NATO leaders, he declined to impose a no-fly zone, as that would probably draw NATO into a direct military conflict with Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-dw.com_131-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dw.com-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Apart from increasing defense spending and aiding Ukraine, the invasion also highlighted the dangers of relying on Russian gas. By 3 March 2022, Scholz had announced plans to build two new LNG terminals.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Economy minister Habeck then visited Norway and on 19 March <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>, one of the world's largest exporters of <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gas" title="Liquefied natural gas">liquefied natural gas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Here he signed a long term agreement about importing Qatari gas.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amid pressure to prohibit Russian gas imports across Europe, Scholz still refused to end <a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_European_energy_sector" title="Russia in the European energy sector">German imports of Russian gas</a> in the first days of April.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few days later, he said Germany was working on ending the import of Russian energy.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He opposed a reversal of Germany's scheduled end to <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_Germany" title="Nuclear power in Germany">nuclear power</a>, saying the technical challenges were too great.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prime_minister_Rishi_Sunak_attends_the_NATO_Summit_in_Lithunia_(53041237495).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Prime_minister_Rishi_Sunak_attends_the_NATO_Summit_in_Lithunia_%2853041237495%29.jpg/250px-Prime_minister_Rishi_Sunak_attends_the_NATO_Summit_in_Lithunia_%2853041237495%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Prime_minister_Rishi_Sunak_attends_the_NATO_Summit_in_Lithunia_%2853041237495%29.jpg/330px-Prime_minister_Rishi_Sunak_attends_the_NATO_Summit_in_Lithunia_%2853041237495%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Prime_minister_Rishi_Sunak_attends_the_NATO_Summit_in_Lithunia_%2853041237495%29.jpg/500px-Prime_minister_Rishi_Sunak_attends_the_NATO_Summit_in_Lithunia_%2853041237495%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7032" data-file-height="4690" /></a><figcaption>Scholz at the <a href="/wiki/2023_Vilnius_summit" title="2023 Vilnius summit">NATO Summit in Vilnius</a> on 12 July 2023</figcaption></figure> <p>In early April 2022 news of the <a href="/wiki/Bucha_massacre" title="Bucha massacre">Bucha massacre</a> shocked public opinion in Europe. On 6 April <a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a> got a lot of attention with a passionate speech about Ukraine before the European parliament. He ended it by accusing the German government of "dragging its feet" with regard to taking action against Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same month, Germany policy changed and the chancellor avowed that Germany would provide Ukraine with more than <span class="nowrap">€1B</span> to spend on military resources.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz rejected a plan made by <a href="/wiki/Vice-Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Vice-Chancellor of Germany">Vice Chancellor</a> and Economy Minister <a href="/wiki/Robert_Habeck" title="Robert Habeck">Robert Habeck</a> and Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Annalena_Baerbock" title="Annalena Baerbock">Annalena Baerbock</a> to deliver 100 <a href="/wiki/Marder_(infantry_fighting_vehicle)" title="Marder (infantry fighting vehicle)">Marder</a> <a href="/wiki/Infantry_fighting_vehicle" title="Infantry fighting vehicle">Infantry fighting vehicles</a> from German stocks to Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From May 2022, the aid to Ukraine became increasingly significant. The rhetoric of the chancellor also began to change. On 9 May 2022, Scholz said that <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</a> once fought together during <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">World War II</a> against <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>'s "murderous National Socialist regime", but now "Putin wants to overthrow Ukraine and destroy its culture and identity... [and] even regards his barbaric war of aggression as being on a par with the fight against National Socialism. That is a falsification of history and a disgraceful distortion."<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 16 June 2022, Scholz visited the Ukrainian Capital, <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>, alongside French President <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> and Italian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mario_Draghi" title="Mario Draghi">Mario Draghi</a> to meet President <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a>. They talked about various issues such as the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">war in Ukraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Ukraine_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Ukraine to the European Union">Ukraine's membership into the EU</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This comes as a reverse of his previous stance to not visit Ukraine, after Zelensky rebuked the German President, <a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a> over his contribution to stronger Moscow-Berlin ties.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_international_trips_German_chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_international_trips_German_chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.svg/250px-Map_international_trips_German_chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_international_trips_German_chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.svg/330px-Map_international_trips_German_chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_international_trips_German_chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.svg/500px-Map_international_trips_German_chancellor_Olaf_Scholz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2756" data-file-height="1399" /></a><figcaption>International trips by Olaf Scholz <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#000000; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Germany</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#D1EEFC; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 1 visit</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#A6D8F6; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 2 visits</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#7BBBF2; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 3 to 7 visits</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0069B4; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 8 to 10 visits</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#003B76; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 11 and more visits</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#c0c0c0; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> No known visits</div></figcaption></figure> <p>By 1 September 2022, the actual volume of <a href="/wiki/List_of_military_aid_to_Ukraine_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War">German arms deliveries to Ukraine</a> was only exceeded by that of deliveries by the United States and the United Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-Mitzer-2022_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mitzer-2022-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The verdict was that, "based on these statistics, Berlin had ultimately positioned itself as a reliable partner of Ukraine."<sup id="cite_ref-Mitzer-2022_150-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mitzer-2022-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it "could also be argued that Berlin's communication to affirm its Ukraine stance and explain its foreign policy goals had been nothing short of an unmitigated disaster".<sup id="cite_ref-Mitzer-2022_150-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mitzer-2022-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2023, Scholz announced the decision to send <a href="/wiki/Leopard_2" title="Leopard 2">Leopard 2</a> battle tanks to Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2024, Scholz gave Ukraine permission to <a href="/wiki/Attacks_in_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">strike targets inside Russia</a> with German-supplied weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2024, Russian President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> warned of a <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>-style missile crisis and threatened to deploy <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballistic missiles">long-range missiles</a> within striking distance of the West after the United States announced its intention to deploy long-range missiles in Germany starting in 2026 that could hit Russian territory within 10 minutes. US weapons in Germany would include <a href="/wiki/RIM-174_Standard_ERAM" title="RIM-174 Standard ERAM">SM-6</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tomahawk_(missile_family)" title="Tomahawk (missile family)">Tomahawk</a> cruise missiles and developmental <a href="/wiki/Long-Range_Hypersonic_Weapon" title="Long-Range Hypersonic Weapon">hypersonic weapons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian-missiles_153-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-missiles-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz supported the decision to place US long-range missiles in Germany,<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but his government's move was criticized by the political opposition as well as within Scholz's coalition.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Critics say the move would trigger a new <a href="/wiki/Arms_race" title="Arms race">arms race</a>. Biden and Scholz's plan to deploy long-range missiles in Germany has been compared to the deployment of <a href="/wiki/Pershing_II" title="Pershing II">Pershing II</a> launchers in Western Europe in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-guardian-missiles_153-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-missiles-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a phone call in November 2024, Scholz urged Putin to withdraw his forces from Ukraine and begin talks aiming at a "just and lasting peace". The call was sharply criticized by Zelenskyy, who considered it as undermining efforts to isolate Putin. Several European officials were said to have cautioned Scholz against the move.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_attends_Quad_meeting_in_Germany_(54075588106).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_attends_Quad_meeting_in_Germany_%2854075588106%29.jpg/220px-Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_attends_Quad_meeting_in_Germany_%2854075588106%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_attends_Quad_meeting_in_Germany_%2854075588106%29.jpg/330px-Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_attends_Quad_meeting_in_Germany_%2854075588106%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_attends_Quad_meeting_in_Germany_%2854075588106%29.jpg/440px-Prime_Minister_Keir_Starmer_attends_Quad_meeting_in_Germany_%2854075588106%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6057" data-file-height="4040" /></a><figcaption>Scholz with Biden, <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> on 18 October 2024</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestic_policy">Domestic policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Domestic policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 6 November 2024, Scholz removed Finance Minister <a href="/wiki/Christian_Lindner" title="Christian Lindner">Christian Lindner</a> from his position, citing loss of trust. Lindner's removal led to the collapse of the <a href="/wiki/German_governing_coalition" title="German governing coalition">governing coalition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government crisis was complicated by the fact that the German economy entered its <a href="/wiki/German_economic_crisis_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="German economic crisis (2022–present)">second consecutive year of recession</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Germany also faced a severe housing crisis in 2024, leading Scholz to describe housing as Germany's most pressing social issue.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2024, Scholz warned of the <a href="/wiki/Deindustrialization" title="Deindustrialization">deindustrialization</a> of Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2024, Scholz criticized <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group" title="Volkswagen Group">Volkswagen</a>'s plan to close factories in Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He proposed a European <a href="/wiki/Government_incentives_for_plug-in_electric_vehicles" title="Government incentives for plug-in electric vehicles">subsidy programme</a> for electric vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also pledged support for the German steel industry, which was facing high <a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Germany" title="Energy in Germany">energy costs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2024, pollster <a href="/wiki/Infratest_dimap" title="Infratest dimap">Infratest dimap</a> found that Scholz's approval rating was 18%, one of the lowest ever recorded by a German chancellor.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="COVID-19_vaccine_mandate">COVID-19 vaccine mandate</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: COVID-19 vaccine mandate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During his campaign in the 2021 election, Scholz opposed a <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine" title="COVID-19 vaccine">COVID-19 vaccine</a> mandate. Since late November 2021, he has expressed support for mandatory vaccination for adults, scheduled to be voted during the first months of 2022 by the federal parliament, and for the closure of non-essential retail stores to unvaccinated adults, based on the <a href="/wiki/2G-Regel" title="2G-Regel">2G-Regel</a>, decreed by state governments in December 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 January 2022, Scholz told lawmakers in the <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> that Germany should make COVID-19 vaccinations mandatory for all adults.<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later that month, he warned that the <a href="/wiki/Coronavirus" title="Coronavirus">coronavirus</a> would not "miraculously" disappear, and said Germany would not be able to get out of the pandemic without compulsory vaccinations.<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The opposition <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">Christian Democratic Union</a> criticized the government for not taking a firm decision on a <a href="/wiki/Vaccination_policy" title="Vaccination policy">vaccine mandate</a>. The far-right <a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">Alternative for Germany</a> party wanted Scholz's government to ban vaccine mandates.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Immigration_policy">Immigration policy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Immigration policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 2021, Scholz said that Germany was a country of immigration and pledged to reduce barriers to <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Germany" title="Immigration to Germany">immigration to Germany</a> and make it easier for immigrants to obtain German citizenship.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 352,000 people applied for asylum in Germany in 2023, the highest number since 2016, when 722,370 people applied for asylum. People from Ukraine are not included among asylum seekers. Most asylum seekers in 2023 were from <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2023, more than 120 boats carrying approximately 7,000 migrants from Africa arrived on the island of <a href="/wiki/Lampedusa" title="Lampedusa">Lampedusa</a> within 24 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the migrants were relocated to Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, 1,933,000 people immigrated to Germany, including 276,000 from Ukraine and 126,000 from Turkey, while 1,270,000 people emigrated. Net immigration to Germany was 663,000 in 2023, down from a record 1,462,000 in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, Scholz stated that Russian deserters and draft evaders who refused to take part in the Russian invasion of Ukraine should be protected in Germany. However, in 2024, German authorities ordered the deportation of Russian nationals who wanted to avoid <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_mobilization" title="2022 Russian mobilization">mobilization</a> and criticized Putin's government on the grounds that they would not face <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Russia" title="Human rights in Russia">persecution</a> in Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 11 September 2024, he declared that Germany must remain open to immigration to maintain economic growth, and also said that Germany would offer protection to those who are politically persecuted, telling opposition political parties that the issue is non-negotiable.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2024, in response to a <a href="/wiki/2024_Solingen_stabbing" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Solingen stabbing">deadly attack in Solingen</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Syrians_in_Germany" title="Syrians in Germany">Syrian</a> asylum seeker, Scholz has called for stricter immigration measures and expedited deportations. The incident has reignited debates over migration policies in Germany ahead of upcoming regional elections.<sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholz supports <a href="/wiki/Replacement_migration" title="Replacement migration">replacement migration</a> to combat the decline and aging of Germany's population.<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He said that Germany would have to accept 288,000 foreign workers every year.<sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 14 September 2024, Scholz and Kenyan President <a href="/wiki/William_Ruto" title="William Ruto">William Ruto</a> signed an agreement that opened the German labour market to up to 250,000 skilled and semi-skilled <a href="/wiki/Gastarbeiter" title="Gastarbeiter">migrant workers</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are concerns about <a href="/wiki/Brain_drain" class="mw-redirect" title="Brain drain">brain drain</a> in Kenya, as professionals such as doctors and nurses could leave for better-paying jobs in Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz's government has already signed migration partnerships with several other countries,<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz and Indian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a> agreed that Germany would accept 90,000 skilled workers from <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> each year.<sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SPD_chancellor_candidate_(2025)"><span id="SPD_chancellor_candidate_.282025.29"></span>SPD chancellor candidate (2025)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: SPD chancellor candidate (2025)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November, various SPD legislators and leading figures – most prominently former party leader <a href="/wiki/Sigmar_Gabriel" title="Sigmar Gabriel">Sigmar Gabriel</a> – began publicly calling for <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Defence" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Ministry of Defence">defence minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Boris_Pistorius" title="Boris Pistorius">Boris Pistorius</a> to be designated the party's chancellor candidate owing to its and Scholz's poor polling.<sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Polling for <a href="/wiki/ARD_(broadcaster)" title="ARD (broadcaster)">ARD</a> showed Pistorius as the most favourably viewed national politician: 60% of voters thought he would be a good chancellor, compared to 42% for Merz and 21% for Scholz.<sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a video released on 21 November, Pistorius ended what had become two weeks of public debate by disavowing any interest in running for chancellor and expressing his full support for Scholz.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such a protracted and public debate, and party leadership's apparent inability to quickly control or restrain it, was seen as embarrassing and damaging; <a href="/wiki/Young_Socialists_in_the_SPD" title="Young Socialists in the SPD">Jusos</a> president Philipp Türmer directly called out party leaders <a href="/wiki/Saskia_Esken" title="Saskia Esken">Saskia Esken</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lars_Klingbeil" title="Lars Klingbeil">Lars Klingbeil</a> for the "shitshow" at their national congress the following weekend. Nonetheless, Scholz was unanimously renominated as chancellor candidate by the party's executive, a group which includes Pistorius, on 25 November.<sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz's nomination was confirmed at a party congress on 11 January; as is usual for sitting chancellors, the vote was by <a href="/wiki/Acclamation" title="Acclamation">acclamation</a> rather than secret ballot and he received little opposition.<sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 December 2024, Scholz lost a <a href="/wiki/Vote_of_confidence" class="mw-redirect" title="Vote of confidence">vote of confidence</a> in the Bundestag, paving the way for <a href="/wiki/2025_German_federal_election" title="2025 German federal election">elections to be held on 23 February 2025</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Exit polls showed that the SPD fell to third place and fell below 20% for the first time since <a href="/wiki/March_1933_German_federal_election" title="March 1933 German federal election">1933</a>, while also achieving its worst result in terms of vote share since the <a href="/wiki/1887_German_federal_election" title="1887 German federal election">1887 federal election</a>, held in the <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a>. After the first exit polls were published, Scholz announced he would not seek to be part of a government led by <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Merz" title="Friedrich Merz">Friedrich Merz</a>. As a result, Co-party leader Lars Klingbeil also became parliamentary group leader of the SPD, while Co-party leader <a href="/wiki/Saskia_Esken" title="Saskia Esken">Saskia Esken</a> is currently still in this office. Scholz was elected to the <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_21st_Bundestag" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 21st Bundestag">21st Bundestag</a> by winning his constituency through the <a href="/wiki/First_vote" title="First vote">first vote</a> in the 2025 German federal election. He has said that he intends to take up his mandate.<sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_views">Political views</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Political views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Within the SPD, Scholz is widely viewed as forming part of the moderate wing of the party.<sup id="cite_ref-Chazan-2018_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chazan-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of his flat enunciation and mechanical-sounding choice of words in press conferences and interviews, Scholz has been nicknamed "the Scholzomat" by some media outlets. In 2013, he said that he found the nickname "very appropriate".<sup id="cite_ref-203" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_and_financial_policy">Economic and financial policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Economic and financial policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Steven_Mnuchin_and_Olaf_Scholz_at_2018_G7_Finance_Meeting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Steven_Mnuchin_and_Olaf_Scholz_at_2018_G7_Finance_Meeting.jpg/250px-Steven_Mnuchin_and_Olaf_Scholz_at_2018_G7_Finance_Meeting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Steven_Mnuchin_and_Olaf_Scholz_at_2018_G7_Finance_Meeting.jpg/330px-Steven_Mnuchin_and_Olaf_Scholz_at_2018_G7_Finance_Meeting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Steven_Mnuchin_and_Olaf_Scholz_at_2018_G7_Finance_Meeting.jpg/500px-Steven_Mnuchin_and_Olaf_Scholz_at_2018_G7_Finance_Meeting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1218" /></a><figcaption>Scholz and US Secretary of the Treasury <a href="/wiki/Steven_Mnuchin" title="Steven Mnuchin">Mnuchin</a> in 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>Scholz has been campaigning for a <a href="/wiki/Financial_transaction_tax" title="Financial transaction tax">financial transaction tax</a> for several years. Experts have criticized parts of this plan, arguing that it would disproportionately affect small shareholders.<sup id="cite_ref-205" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-206" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-206"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-207"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-208" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2019, Scholz pushed for the introduction of this tax at European Union level. According to a draft legislation, share purchases should be taxed when they involve shares in companies with a <a href="/wiki/Market_capitalization" title="Market capitalization">market capitalization</a> over <span class="nowrap">€1B</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-209" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Journalist <a href="/wiki/Hermann-Josef_Tenhagen" title="Hermann-Josef Tenhagen">Hermann-Josef Tenhagen</a> criticized this version of the transaction tax on the basis that it would disproportionately affect lower-income individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-SPON-1301113_210-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPON-1301113-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A report by the <a href="/wiki/Kiel_Institute_for_the_World_Economy" title="Kiel Institute for the World Economy">Kiel Institute for the World Economy</a> commissioned by the Federal Government in 2020 certified the same deficiencies in the tax concept that Tenhagen had already pointed out.<sup id="cite_ref-SPON-431f9ca60b4c_211-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPON-431f9ca60b4c-211"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his tenure as minister of finance, Scholz prioritized not taking on new government debt and limiting public spending.<sup id="cite_ref-Nienaber-2018_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nienaber-2018-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, he suggested the creation of an EU-wide unemployment insurance system to make the <a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a> more resilient to future economic shocks.<sup id="cite_ref-212" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment_and_climate_policy">Environment and climate policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Environment and climate policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 2019, Scholz negotiated the climate package in a key role for the SPD. To this he said: "What we have presented is a great achievement", whereas climate scientists almost unanimously criticized the result as insufficient.<sup id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-214" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-214"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-215" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>214<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-216" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-216"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>215<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-217" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-217"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2020, Scholz held a phone call with US Secretary of the Treasury <a href="/wiki/Steven_Mnuchin" title="Steven Mnuchin">Steven Mnuchin</a>, discussing a lift of US sanctions on the <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2">Nord Stream 2</a> pipeline, one of 23 gas pipelines between Europe and Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-sdm21_218-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sdm21-218"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>217<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In exchange, Scholz offered <span class="nowrap">€1B</span> in subsidies to <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gas" title="Liquefied natural gas">liquid gas terminals</a> in northern Germany for US liquid gas imports.<sup id="cite_ref-219" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-219"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>218<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-220" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>219<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-221" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-221"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The move sparked controversy with regards to the SPD's stance towards renewable energy.<sup id="cite_ref-222" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-222"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>221<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-223" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-223"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>222<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The revised Climate Protection Act introduced by Olaf Scholz's cabinet as Mayor of Hamburg provides for a 65% reduction in CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub> emissions by 2030, an 88% reduction by 2040 and <a href="/wiki/Climate_neutrality" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate neutrality">climate neutrality</a> by 2045.<sup id="cite_ref-224" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-224"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholz has advocated for the expansion of <a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">renewable energy</a> capacities to replace fossil fuels.<sup id="cite_ref-225" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-225"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>224<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2021, Scholz proposed the establishment of an international climate club, which should serve to develop common minimum standards for climate policy measures and a coordinated approach. In addition, uniform rules for the carbon accounting of goods should apply among members.<sup id="cite_ref-226" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-226"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>225<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As part of the coalition agreement that led to Scholz becoming chancellor, the Social Democrats, Free Democrats, and Green party agreed to accelerate Germany's <a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel_phase-out" title="Fossil fuel phase-out">phaseout of coal</a> to the year 2030, in line with the target set by the <a href="/wiki/Powering_Past_Coal_Alliance" title="Powering Past Coal Alliance">Powering Past Coal Alliance</a>. The country's previous target had been to end the use of coal by 2038. In addition, the agreement set a phaseout of power generation from natural gas by 2040. The agreement also included provisions for the prohibition on natural gas heating in new buildings and replacement of natural gas systems in existing buildings. An end to the sale of combustion vehicles would come in 2035, in line with the target set by the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-227" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-227"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>226<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy_2">Foreign policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Foreign policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2019, Scholz stated that he sees China primarily as an economic partner.<sup id="cite_ref-228" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-228"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>227<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He tried to persuade Chinese Vice Premier <a href="/wiki/Liu_He_(politician)" title="Liu He (politician)">Liu He</a> that China should be more open to German firms,<sup id="cite_ref-229" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-229"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>228<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he supported the <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Agreement_on_Investment" title="Comprehensive Agreement on Investment">Comprehensive Agreement on Investment</a> between the EU and China.<sup id="cite_ref-230" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-230"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>229<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2022, he condemned the <a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Uyghurs_in_China" title="Persecution of Uyghurs in China">treatment</a> of ethnic <a href="/wiki/Uyghurs" title="Uyghurs">Uyghurs</a> in China's <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-231" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-231"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>230<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2019, Scholz criticized <a href="/wiki/Countering_America%27s_Adversaries_Through_Sanctions_Act" title="Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act">US sanctions</a> on Russia's <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2">Nord Stream 2</a> gas pipeline to Germany, saying: "Such sanctions are a serious interference in the internal affairs of Germany and Europe and their sovereignty."<sup id="cite_ref-232" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-232"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>231<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholz has expressed support for a longstanding agreement that allows American <a href="/wiki/Tactical_nuclear_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Tactical nuclear weapons">tactical nuclear weapons</a> to be stored and maintained on American bases within Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-233" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-233"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>232<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Voice_of_America-Scholz_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Voice_of_America-Scholz-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2019, Scholz condemned the <a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">Turkish invasion</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Kurds_in_Syria" title="Kurds in Syria">Kurdish</a>-controlled northeastern areas of <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, otherwise known as <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Administration_of_North_and_East_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria">Rojava</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-234" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-234"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>233<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2024, Scholz welcomed the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Assad_regime" title="Fall of the Assad regime">fall of the Assad regime</a> in Syria, describing the situation as "good news".<sup id="cite_ref-235" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-235"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>234<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_activities">Other activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Other activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_organizations">International organizations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: International organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="European Bank for Reconstruction and Development">European Bank for Reconstruction and Development</a> (EBRD), ex-officio member of the board of governors (2018–2021)<sup id="cite_ref-236" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-236"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>235<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">European Investment Bank</a> (EIB), ex-officio member of the board of governors (2018–2021)<sup id="cite_ref-237" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-237"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Stability_Mechanism" title="European Stability Mechanism">European Stability Mechanism</a>, member of the board of governors (2018–2021)<sup id="cite_ref-238" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-238"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>237<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Infrastructure_Investment_Bank" title="Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank">Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank</a> (AIIB), ex-officio member of the board of governors (2018–2021)<sup id="cite_ref-239" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-239"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>238<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> (IMF), ex-officio alternate member of the board of governors (2018–2021)<sup id="cite_ref-240" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-240"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>239<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Corporate_boards">Corporate boards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Corporate boards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KfW" title="KfW">KfW</a>, ex-officio member of the Board of Supervisory Directors (2018–2021)<sup id="cite_ref-241" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-241"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>240<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>RAG-Stiftung, ex-officio member of the board of trustees (2018–2021)<sup id="cite_ref-242" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-242"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>241<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HafenCity" title="HafenCity">HafenCity</a> Hamburg GmbH, ex-officio chairman of the supervisory board (−2018)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-profits">Non-profits</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Non-profits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lebendige_Stadt_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lebendige Stadt Foundation (page does not exist)">Lebendige Stadt Foundation</a> <span class="noprint metadata ill"><small>[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2349058" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q2349058">Wikidata</a>]</small></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-243" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-243"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> member of the board of trustees (2009–2021)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deutsche_Nationalstiftung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deutsche Nationalstiftung (page does not exist)">Deutsche Nationalstiftung</a> <span class="noprint metadata ill"><small>[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1203609" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1203609">Wikidata</a>]</small></span>, member of the Senate<sup id="cite_ref-244" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-244"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>243<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert_Foundation" title="Friedrich Ebert Foundation">Friedrich Ebert Foundation</a> (FES), member<sup id="cite_ref-245" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-245"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>244<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Council_on_Foreign_Relations" title="German Council on Foreign Relations">German Council on Foreign Relations</a> (DGAP), chairman of the Task Force on International Aviation Policy<sup id="cite_ref-246" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-246"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>245<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Olaf Scholz is married to fellow SPD politician <a href="/wiki/Britta_Ernst" title="Britta Ernst">Britta Ernst</a>. The couple lived in Hamburg's <a href="/wiki/Altona,_Hamburg" title="Altona, Hamburg">Altona district</a> before moving to <a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a> in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-247" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-247"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>246<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholz was raised in the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Church in Germany">Protestant Church in Germany</a> and later left it.<sup id="cite_ref-248" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-248"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>247<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At his inauguration as chancellor in 2021, Scholz took the oath of office without a reference to God (the second chancellor to do so after <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a>). He is the first chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany who is not a member of a church.<sup id="cite_ref-249" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-249"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>248<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 September 2023, Scholz announced that he would be wearing an <a href="/wiki/Eyepatch" title="Eyepatch">eyepatch</a> following a jogging accident.<sup id="cite_ref-250" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-250"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>249<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-251" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-251"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>250<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-252" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-252"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>251<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Scholz_I" title="Senate Scholz I">Senate Scholz I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Scholz_II" title="Senate Scholz II">Senate Scholz II</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution is a human right, as defined in article 14 of the <a href="/wiki/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights" title="Universal Declaration of Human Rights">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a> by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> (UN).<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Germany became a full <a href="/wiki/Germany_and_the_United_Nations" title="Germany and the United Nations">member of the UN on 18 September 1973</a>. Furthermore, article 16a of the <a href="/wiki/Basic_Law_for_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany">German constitution</a> states that politically persecuted persons have the right to asylum (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Politisch Verfolgte genießen Asylrecht</i></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-gg16a_182-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gg16a-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as Chancellor of Germany Scholz is sworn to "uphold and defend the constitution" (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">"das Grundgesetz [...] wahren und verteidigen"</i></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-gg56_183-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gg56-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as set out in article 56 of that same constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMartinez2023" class="citation news cs1">Martinez, Maria (15 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/german-court-make-key-ruling-budget-manoeuvre-2023-11-15/">"German court deals 60 billion euro budget blow to Scholz government"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231205192834/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/german-court-make-key-ruling-budget-manoeuvre-2023-11-15/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=German+court+deals+60+billion+euro+budget+blow+to+Scholz+government&rft.date=2023-11-15&rft.aulast=Martinez&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fgerman-court-make-key-ruling-budget-manoeuvre-2023-11-15%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMoulson2024" class="citation news cs1">Moulson, Geir (2 February 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/germany-2024-budget-farmers-subsidies-protests-8e2e82a9ce37363df4473c22ed49ad6d">"German lawmakers approve contested cuts to farmers' fuel subsidies and a revamped 2024 budget"</a>. <i>Associated Press</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240806025715/https://apnews.com/article/germany-2024-budget-farmers-subsidies-protests-8e2e82a9ce37363df4473c22ed49ad6d">Archived</a> from the original on 6 August 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=German+lawmakers+approve+contested+cuts+to+farmers%27+fuel+subsidies+and+a+revamped+2024+budget&rft.date=2024-02-02&rft.aulast=Moulson&rft.aufirst=Geir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fgermany-2024-budget-farmers-subsidies-protests-8e2e82a9ce37363df4473c22ed49ad6d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cliffe-2021-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cliffe-2021_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cliffe-2021_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCliffe2021" class="citation news cs1">Cliffe, Jeremy (3 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newstatesman.com/german-election-2021/2021/09/how-olaf-scholz-and-the-spd-could-lead-germanys-next-government">"How Olaf Scholz and the SPD could lead Germany's next government"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_Statesman" title="New Statesman">New Statesman</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210924175225/https://www.newstatesman.com/german-election-2021/2021/09/how-olaf-scholz-and-the-spd-could-lead-germanys-next-government">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Statesman&rft.atitle=How+Olaf+Scholz+and+the+SPD+could+lead+Germany%27s+next+government&rft.date=2021-09-03&rft.aulast=Cliffe&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2Fgerman-election-2021%2F2021%2F09%2Fhow-olaf-scholz-and-the-spd-could-lead-germanys-next-government&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBennhold2021" class="citation news cs1">Bennhold, Katrin (24 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/24/world/europe/germany-new-chancellor-olaf-scholz.html">"He Convinced Voters He Would Be Like Merkel. But Who Is Olaf Scholz?"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211125194911/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/24/world/europe/germany-new-chancellor-olaf-scholz.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=He+Convinced+Voters+He+Would+Be+Like+Merkel.+But+Who+Is+Olaf+Scholz%3F&rft.date=2021-11-24&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Bennhold&rft.aufirst=Katrin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F11%2F24%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fgermany-new-chancellor-olaf-scholz.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGammelin2020" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gammelin, Cerstin (25 June 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/olaf-scholz-bruder-jens-scholz-paris-1.4946439">"Olaf Scholz Bruder: Warum Jens Scholz in Paris berühmt"</a>. <i>Süddeutsche Zeitung</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210907150854/https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/olaf-scholz-bruder-jens-scholz-paris-1.4946439">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=S%C3%BCddeutsche+Zeitung&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz+Bruder%3A+Warum+Jens+Scholz+in+Paris+ber%C3%BChmt&rft.date=2020-06-25&rft.aulast=Gammelin&rft.aufirst=Cerstin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sueddeutsche.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Folaf-scholz-bruder-jens-scholz-paris-1.4946439&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchindler2011" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Schindler, Fabian (21 March 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abendblatt.de/region/stade/article107978528/Stades-Buergermeister-verkuendet-seinen-Abschied.html">"Stades Bürgermeister verkündet seinen Abschied"</a>. <i>Hamburger Abendblatt</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210807164046/https://www.abendblatt.de/region/stade/article107978528/Stades-Buergermeister-verkuendet-seinen-Abschied.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hamburger+Abendblatt&rft.atitle=Stades+B%C3%BCrgermeister+verk%C3%BCndet+seinen+Abschied&rft.date=2011-03-21&rft.aulast=Schindler&rft.aufirst=Fabian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abendblatt.de%2Fregion%2Fstade%2Farticle107978528%2FStades-Buergermeister-verkuendet-seinen-Abschied.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chazan-2018-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chazan-2018_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chazan-2018_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chazan-2018_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChazan2018" class="citation news cs1">Chazan, Guy (9 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/170b9d0a-0cc2-11e8-8eb7-42f857ea9f09">"Olaf Scholz, a sound guardian for Germany's finances"</a>. <i>Financial Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210826204338/https://www.ft.com/content/170b9d0a-0cc2-11e8-8eb7-42f857ea9f09">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz%2C+a+sound+guardian+for+Germany%27s+finances&rft.date=2018-02-09&rft.aulast=Chazan&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F170b9d0a-0cc2-11e8-8eb7-42f857ea9f09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilke" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wilke, Birgit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.katholisch.de/artikel/31307-scholz-christliche-praegung-unserer-kultur-wertschaetzen">"Scholz: Christliche Prägung unserer Kultur wertschätzen"</a>. <i>Katholisch.de</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210920152940/https://www.katholisch.de/artikel/31307-scholz-christliche-praegung-unserer-kultur-wertschaetzen">Archived</a> from the original on 20 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Katholisch.de&rft.atitle=Scholz%3A+Christliche+Pr%C3%A4gung+unserer+Kultur+wertsch%C3%A4tzen&rft.aulast=Wilke&rft.aufirst=Birgit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.katholisch.de%2Fartikel%2F31307-scholz-christliche-praegung-unserer-kultur-wertschaetzen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bauernopfer-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bauernopfer_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bauernopfer_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFeldenkirchenSauga2007" class="citation web cs1">Feldenkirchen, Markus; Sauga, Michael (26 November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-54076837.html">"Rückkehr eines Bauernopfers"</a>. <i>Der Spiegel</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180323210604/http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-54076837.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=R%C3%BCckkehr+eines+Bauernopfers&rft.date=2007-11-26&rft.aulast=Feldenkirchen&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft.au=Sauga%2C+Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fspiegel%2Fprint%2Fd-54076837.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGreiveHildebrandRickensStratmann2020" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Greive, Martin; Hildebrand, Jan; Rickens, Christian; Stratmann, Klaus (21 August 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/deutschland/kann-er-kanzler-olaf-scholz-ein-kritisches-portraet-ueber-den-kanzlerkandidaten-der-spd/26106816.html">"Kann er Kanzler?: Olaf Scholz – ein kritisches Porträt über den Kanzlerkandidaten der SPD"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Handelsblatt" title="Handelsblatt">Handelsblatt</a></i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Handelsblatt&rft.atitle=Kann+er+Kanzler%3F%3A+Olaf+Scholz+%E2%80%93+ein+kritisches+Portr%C3%A4t+%C3%BCber+den+Kanzlerkandidaten+der+SPD&rft.date=2020-08-21&rft.aulast=Greive&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.au=Hildebrand%2C+Jan&rft.au=Rickens%2C+Christian&rft.au=Stratmann%2C+Klaus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.handelsblatt.com%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Fkann-er-kanzler-olaf-scholz-ein-kritisches-portraet-ueber-den-kanzlerkandidaten-der-spd%2F26106816.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKnabe2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Knabe, Hubertus (24 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/bundestagswahl/gastbeitrag-von-hubertus-knabe-partner-im-friedenskampf-jungsozialistische-ausfluege-in-die-ddr-im-ersten-leben-des-olaf-scholz_id_24256554.html">"Historiker enthüllt: So nahe stand der Jungsozialist Olaf Scholz den Machthabern in der DDR"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Focus_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Focus Online">Focus Online</a></i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220905111544/https://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/bundestagswahl/gastbeitrag-von-hubertus-knabe-partner-im-friedenskampf-jungsozialistische-ausfluege-in-die-ddr-im-ersten-leben-des-olaf-scholz_id_24256554.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Focus+Online&rft.atitle=Historiker+enth%C3%BCllt%3A+So+nahe+stand+der+Jungsozialist+Olaf+Scholz+den+Machthabern+in+der+DDR&rft.date=2021-09-24&rft.aulast=Knabe&rft.aufirst=Hubertus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.focus.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Fbundestagswahl%2Fgastbeitrag-von-hubertus-knabe-partner-im-friedenskampf-jungsozialistische-ausfluege-in-die-ddr-im-ersten-leben-des-olaf-scholz_id_24256554.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.swr.de/swr2/wissen/archivradio/591987-juso-vize-olaf-scholz-bei-der-manifestation-der-jugend-in-der-ddr-100.html">"Olaf Scholz früher: 'Abrüstung jetzt!'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCdwestrundfunk" title="Südwestrundfunk">Südwestrundfunk</a></i> (in German). 5 September 1987. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211020014033/https://www.swr.de/swr2/wissen/archivradio/591987-juso-vize-olaf-scholz-bei-der-manifestation-der-jugend-in-der-ddr-100.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=S%C3%BCdwestrundfunk&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz+fr%C3%BCher%3A+%27Abr%C3%BCstung+jetzt%21%27&rft.date=1987-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.swr.de%2Fswr2%2Fwissen%2Farchivradio%2F591987-juso-vize-olaf-scholz-bei-der-manifestation-der-jugend-in-der-ddr-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spdfraktion.de/abgeordnete/scholz">"Olaf Scholz, MdB"</a>. <i>SPD-Bundestagsfraktion</i> (in German). 18 April 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208135326/https://www.spdfraktion.de/abgeordnete/scholz">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SPD-Bundestagsfraktion&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz%2C+MdB&rft.date=2013-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spdfraktion.de%2Fabgeordnete%2Fscholz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundestag.de/en/committees/a11">"German Bundestag - Committee on Labour and Social Affairs"</a>. <i>German Bundestag</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=German+Bundestag&rft.atitle=German+Bundestag+-+Committee+on+Labour+and+Social+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundestag.de%2Fen%2Fcommittees%2Fa11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208135318/https://www.deutschlandradio.de/archiv/dlr/sendungen/interview_dlr/348552/index.html">"Scholz: Politisch Verantwortliche erst später vernehmen"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/DeutschlandRadio_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="DeutschlandRadio Berlin">DeutschlandRadio Berlin</a></i> (in German). 17 February 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutschlandradio.de/archiv/dlr/sendungen/interview_dlr/348552/index.html">the original</a> on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DeutschlandRadio+Berlin&rft.atitle=Scholz%3A+Politisch+Verantwortliche+erst+sp%C3%A4ter+vernehmen&rft.date=2005-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deutschlandradio.de%2Farchiv%2Fdlr%2Fsendungen%2Finterview_dlr%2F348552%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-politico2021-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-politico2021_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-politico2021_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFvon_der_BurchardKarnitschnig2021" class="citation news cs1">von der Burchard, Hans; Karnitschnig, Matthew (23 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/olaf-scholz-teflon-candidate-germany-election-2021/">"Olaf Scholz: The Teflon candidate"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002144449/https://www.politico.eu/article/olaf-scholz-teflon-candidate-germany-election-2021/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz%3A+The+Teflon+candidate&rft.date=2021-09-23&rft.aulast=von+der+Burchard&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.au=Karnitschnig%2C+Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Folaf-scholz-teflon-candidate-germany-election-2021%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pressestelle_der_Ärztekammer_Hamburg-2001-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pressestelle_der_Ärztekammer_Hamburg-2001_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101119142831/http://www.aerztekammer-hamburg.de/funktionen/news/content_presse_archiv.php3?saveDate=1004396400">"Kein ärztlicher Eingriff mit Gewalt"</a> [No forced medical intervention]. <i>Pressestelle der Ärztekammer Hamburg</i> (in German). 30 October 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aerztekammer-hamburg.de/funktionen/news/content_presse_archiv.php3?saveDate=1004396400">the original</a> on 19 November 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pressestelle+der+%C3%84rztekammer+Hamburg&rft.atitle=Kein+%C3%A4rztlicher+Eingriff+mit+Gewalt&rft.date=2001-10-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aerztekammer-hamburg.de%2Ffunktionen%2Fnews%2Fcontent_presse_archiv.php3%3FsaveDate%3D1004396400&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/print-welt/article462778/Brechmittel-GAL-Basis-gegen-eigene-Senatoren.html">"Brechmittel: GAL-Basis gegen eigene Senatoren"</a>. <i>Die Welt</i> (in German). 12 July 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Die+Welt&rft.atitle=Brechmittel%3A+GAL-Basis+gegen+eigene+Senatoren&rft.date=2001-07-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fprint-welt%2Farticle462778%2FBrechmittel-GAL-Basis-gegen-eigene-Senatoren.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGärtner2021" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gärtner, Birgit (28 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Olaf-Scholz-einst-Kapitalismuskritik-dann-Sozialabbau-6056131.html">"Olaf Scholz: einst Kapitalismuskritik, dann Sozialabbau"</a>. <i>Telepolis</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208144004/https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Olaf-Scholz-einst-Kapitalismuskritik-dann-Sozialabbau-6056131.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Telepolis&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz%3A+einst+Kapitalismuskritik%2C+dann+Sozialabbau&rft.date=2021-05-28&rft.aulast=G%C3%A4rtner&rft.aufirst=Birgit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heise.de%2Ftp%2Ffeatures%2FOlaf-Scholz-einst-Kapitalismuskritik-dann-Sozialabbau-6056131.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manager-magazin.de/unternehmen/karriere/a-261886.html">"Ronald Schill: Chronik einer kurzen Polit-Karriere"</a>. <i>Manager-Magazin</i> (in German). 19 August 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211209195339/https://www.manager-magazin.de/unternehmen/karriere/a-261886.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Manager-Magazin&rft.atitle=Ronald+Schill%3A+Chronik+einer+kurzen+Polit-Karriere&rft.date=2003-08-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manager-magazin.de%2Funternehmen%2Fkarriere%2Fa-261886.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBernstein2004" class="citation news cs1">Bernstein, Richard (7 February 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/07/world/schroder-quitting-party-post-citing-need-to-pursue-reforms.html">"Schröder Quitting Party Post, Citing Need to Pursue Reforms"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180213021639/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/07/world/schroder-quitting-party-post-citing-need-to-pursue-reforms.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Schr%C3%B6der+Quitting+Party+Post%2C+Citing+Need+to+Pursue+Reforms&rft.date=2004-02-07&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2004%2F02%2F07%2Fworld%2Fschroder-quitting-party-post-citing-need-to-pursue-reforms.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moritz Schuller (7 September 2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/dec/08/mondaymediasection7">The right to revise</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161008032029/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/dec/08/mondaymediasection7">Archived</a> 8 October 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ben Knight (19 January 2016), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/time-to-end-interview-authorization-in-germany/a-18989875">Time to end interview authorization in Germany?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160123045333/http://www.dw.com/en/time-to-end-interview-authorization-in-germany/a-18989875">Archived</a> 23 January 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://taz.de/!673398/">"Geheime Verschlusssache Interview"</a>. <i>Die Tageszeitung: taz</i> (in German). 28 November 2003. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0931-9085">0931-9085</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208140152/https://taz.de/!673398/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+Tageszeitung%3A+taz&rft.atitle=Geheime+Verschlusssache+Interview&rft.pages=1&rft.date=2003-11-28&rft.issn=0931-9085&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftaz.de%2F%21673398%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWieduwilt2021" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wieduwilt, Hendrik (6 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uebermedien.de/63772/die-autorisierung-von-interviews-ein-machtkampf/">"Die Autorisierung von Interviews: ein Machtkampf"</a>. <i>Übermedien</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002144453/https://uebermedien.de/63772/die-autorisierung-von-interviews-ein-machtkampf/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%C3%9Cbermedien&rft.atitle=Die+Autorisierung+von+Interviews%3A+ein+Machtkampf&rft.date=2021-10-06&rft.aulast=Wieduwilt&rft.aufirst=Hendrik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuebermedien.de%2F63772%2Fdie-autorisierung-von-interviews-ein-machtkampf%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sebastian Fischer (13 November 2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/muentefering-resignation-merkel-loses-mr-grand-coalition-a-517132.html">Müntefering Resignation: Merkel Loses 'Mr. Grand Coalition'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170116201427/http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/muentefering-resignation-merkel-loses-mr-grand-coalition-a-517132.html">Archived</a> 16 January 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Spiegel_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiegel Online">Spiegel Online</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208140147/https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/spd-ampel-kabinett-spekulation-100.html">"Wen beruft Olaf Scholz aus der rheinland-pfälzischen SPD?"</a>. <i>swr.online</i> (in German). 5 December 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.swr.de/swraktuell/rheinland-pfalz/spd-ampel-kabinett-spekulation-100.html">the original</a> on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=swr.online&rft.atitle=Wen+beruft+Olaf+Scholz+aus+der+rheinland-pf%C3%A4lzischen+SPD%3F&rft.date=2021-12-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.swr.de%2Fswraktuell%2Frheinland-pfalz%2Fspd-ampel-kabinett-spekulation-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andreas Cremer and Brian Parkin, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601085&sid=avKnSh84M5yQ&refer=europe">"Muentefering, Vice-Chancellor Under Merkel, Quits"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120525104505/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601085&sid=avKnSh84M5yQ&refer=europe">Archived</a> 25 May 2012 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>, Bloomberg.com, 13 November 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080217055653/http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/11/21/europe/EU-POL-Germany-Merkels-Two-Years.php">"Merkel defends record as Germany's tense governing coalition hits 2-year mark – International Herald Tribune"</a>. 17 February 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/11/21/europe/EU-POL-Germany-Merkels-Two-Years.php">the original</a> on 17 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Merkel+defends+record+as+Germany%27s+tense+governing+coalition+hits+2-year+mark+%E2%80%93+International+Herald+Tribune&rft.date=2008-02-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iht.com%2Farticles%2Fap%2F2007%2F11%2F21%2Feurope%2FEU-POL-Germany-Merkels-Two-Years.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-spd-os21-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-spd-os21_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spdfraktion.de/abgeordnete/scholz?wp=17">"Olaf Scholz"</a>. <i>SPD-Bundestagsfraktion</i> (in German). 13 September 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402090746/http://www.spdfraktion.de/abgeordnete/scholz?wp=17">Archived</a> from the original on 2 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SPD-Bundestagsfraktion&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz&rft.date=2021-09-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spdfraktion.de%2Fabgeordnete%2Fscholz%3Fwp%3D17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100617025004/http://www.bilderbergmeetings.org/meeting_2010_2.html">"Bilderberg Meetings: Sitges, Spain 3–6 June 2010 – Final List of Participants"</a>. <i>Bilderberg</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bilderbergmeetings.org/meeting_2010_2.html">the original</a> on 17 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bilderberg&rft.atitle=Bilderberg+Meetings%3A+Sitges%2C+Spain+3%E2%80%936+June+2010+%E2%80%93+Final+List+of+Participants&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bilderbergmeetings.org%2Fmeeting_2010_2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110316180205/http://www.aicgs.org/analysis/special/elections11/hamburg.aspx">"AICGS Coverage of the 2011 Land Elections"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aicgs.org/analysis/special/elections11/hamburg.aspx">the original</a> on 16 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AICGS+Coverage+of+the+2011+Land+Elections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aicgs.org%2Fanalysis%2Fspecial%2Felections11%2Fhamburg.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/spd-nach-der-hamburg-wahl-die-vielen-baustellen-von-koenig-olaf/11377564.html">"Die vielen Baustellen von König Olaf"</a>. <i>Der Tagesspiegel Online</i> (in German). 15 February 2015. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1865-2263">1865-2263</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208151042/https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/spd-nach-der-hamburg-wahl-die-vielen-baustellen-von-koenig-olaf/11377564.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Tagesspiegel+Online&rft.atitle=Die+vielen+Baustellen+von+K%C3%B6nig+Olaf&rft.date=2015-02-15&rft.issn=1865-2263&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagesspiegel.de%2Fpolitik%2Fspd-nach-der-hamburg-wahl-die-vielen-baustellen-von-koenig-olaf%2F11377564.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abendblatt.de/hamburg/kommunales/article107967827/Egloff-folgt-auf-Scholz.html">"Egloff folgt auf Scholz"</a>. <i>Hamburger Abendblatt</i> (in German). 11 March 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208144228/https://www.abendblatt.de/hamburg/kommunales/article107967827/Egloff-folgt-auf-Scholz.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hamburger+Abendblatt&rft.atitle=Egloff+folgt+auf+Scholz&rft.date=2011-03-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abendblatt.de%2Fhamburg%2Fkommunales%2Farticle107967827%2FEgloff-folgt-auf-Scholz.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abendblatt.de/hamburg/article107973393/Stapelfeldt-wird-Hamburgs-Zweite-Buergermeisterin.html">"Stapelfeldt wird Hamburgs Zweite Bürgermeisterin"</a>. <i>Hamburger Abendblatt</i> (in German). 18 March 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208141548/https://www.abendblatt.de/hamburg/article107973393/Stapelfeldt-wird-Hamburgs-Zweite-Buergermeisterin.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hamburger+Abendblatt&rft.atitle=Stapelfeldt+wird+Hamburgs+Zweite+B%C3%BCrgermeisterin&rft.date=2011-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abendblatt.de%2Fhamburg%2Farticle107973393%2FStapelfeldt-wird-Hamburgs-Zweite-Buergermeisterin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2011/06/07/expected-attendees-tonights-state-dinner">Expected Attendees at Tonight's State Dinner</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170119003032/https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2011/06/07/expected-attendees-tonights-state-dinner">Archived</a> 19 January 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="Office of the First Lady of the United States">Office of the First Lady of the United States</a>, press release of 7 June 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Josh Wingrove (17 February 2017), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-02-17/trudeau-stresses-fair-wages-tax-compliance-in-warning-to-europe">Trudeau Stresses Fair Wages, Tax Compliance in Warning to Europe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170218222049/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-02-17/trudeau-stresses-fair-wages-tax-compliance-in-warning-to-europe">Archived</a> 18 February 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/regionales/hamburg/article136617287/Scholz-Bevollmaechtigter-fuer-deutsch-franzoesische-Kulturzusammenarbeit.html">"Scholz Bevollmächtigter für deutsch-französische Kulturzusammenarbeit – WELT"</a>. <i>DIE WELT</i> (in German). 2 October 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170312033448/https://www.welt.de/regionales/hamburg/article136617287/Scholz-Bevollmaechtigter-fuer-deutsch-franzoesische-Kulturzusammenarbeit.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DIE+WELT&rft.atitle=Scholz+Bevollm%C3%A4chtigter+f%C3%BCr+deutsch-franz%C3%B6sische+Kulturzusammenarbeit+%E2%80%93+WELT&rft.date=2015-10-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fregionales%2Fhamburg%2Farticle136617287%2FScholz-Bevollmaechtigter-fuer-deutsch-franzoesische-Kulturzusammenarbeit.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrautlecht2013" class="citation web cs1">Brautlecht, Nicholas (23 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160629143407/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-09-23/hamburg-backs-eu2-billion-buyback-of-power-grids-in-plebiscite">"Hamburg Backs EU2 Billion Buyback of Power Grids in Plebiscite"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-09-23/hamburg-backs-eu2-billion-buyback-of-power-grids-in-plebiscite">the original</a> on 29 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=Hamburg+Backs+EU2+Billion+Buyback+of+Power+Grids+in+Plebiscite&rft.date=2013-09-23&rft.aulast=Brautlecht&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2013-09-23%2Fhamburg-backs-eu2-billion-buyback-of-power-grids-in-plebiscite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDonahueDelfs2013" class="citation web cs1">Donahue, Patrick; Delfs, Arne (30 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180227034547/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-09-29/germany-readies-for-weeks-of-coalition-talks-as-parties-position">"Germany Sets Coalition Talks Date as Weeks of Bartering Loom"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-09-29/germany-readies-for-weeks-of-coalition-talks-as-parties-position">the original</a> on 27 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=Germany+Sets+Coalition+Talks+Date+as+Weeks+of+Bartering+Loom&rft.date=2013-09-30&rft.aulast=Donahue&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.au=Delfs%2C+Arne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2013-09-29%2Fgermany-readies-for-weeks-of-coalition-talks-as-parties-position&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDonahue2013" class="citation web cs1">Donahue, Patrick (28 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180227034518/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-10-27/merkel-enters-concrete-spd-talks-as-finance-post-looms">"Merkel Enters Concrete SPD Talks as Finance Post Looms"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-10-27/merkel-enters-concrete-spd-talks-as-finance-post-looms">the original</a> on 27 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=Merkel+Enters+Concrete+SPD+Talks+as+Finance+Post+Looms&rft.date=2013-10-28&rft.aulast=Donahue&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2013-10-27%2Fmerkel-enters-concrete-spd-talks-as-finance-post-looms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBuerginJennen2013" class="citation web cs1">Buergin, Rainer; Jennen, Birgit (20 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180227034508/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-09-19/schaeuble-seen-keeping-finance-post-even-in-spd-coalition">"Schaeuble Seen Keeping Finance Post Even in SPD Coalition"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-09-19/schaeuble-seen-keeping-finance-post-even-in-spd-coalition">the original</a> on 27 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=Schaeuble+Seen+Keeping+Finance+Post+Even+in+SPD+Coalition&rft.date=2013-09-20&rft.aulast=Buergin&rft.aufirst=Rainer&rft.au=Jennen%2C+Birgit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2013-09-19%2Fschaeuble-seen-keeping-finance-post-even-in-spd-coalition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBuergin2015" class="citation web cs1">Buergin, Rainer (4 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180227034544/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-03-04/merkel-weighs-end-of-reunification-tax-for-east-germany">"Merkel Weighs End of Reunification Tax for East Germany"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Business" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloomberg Business">Bloomberg Business</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-03-04/merkel-weighs-end-of-reunification-tax-for-east-germany">the original</a> on 27 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+Business&rft.atitle=Merkel+Weighs+End+of+Reunification+Tax+for+East+Germany&rft.date=2015-03-04&rft.aulast=Buergin&rft.aufirst=Rainer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2015-03-04%2Fmerkel-weighs-end-of-reunification-tax-for-east-germany&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCopley2015" class="citation web cs1">Copley, Caroline (15 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2015/02/15/world/europe/15reuters-germany-politics-hamburg.html">"Merkel's Conservatives Suffer Blow in State Vote, Eurosceptics Gain"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Merkel%27s+Conservatives+Suffer+Blow+in+State+Vote%2C+Eurosceptics+Gain&rft.date=2015-02-15&rft.aulast=Copley&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Freuters%2F2015%2F02%2F15%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F15reuters-germany-politics-hamburg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/hamburg/Olaf-Scholz-Hanseat-und-Comeback-Spezialist,scholz2074.html">"Olaf Scholz: Hanseat und Comeback-Spezialist"</a>. <i>NDR</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211220020909/https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/hamburg/Olaf-Scholz-Hanseat-und-Comeback-Spezialist,scholz2074.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NDR&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz%3A+Hanseat+und+Comeback-Spezialist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndr.de%2Fnachrichten%2Fhamburg%2FOlaf-Scholz-Hanseat-und-Comeback-Spezialist%2Cscholz2074.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/deutschland/buergerschaftswahlen-2015/olaf-scholz-gewaehlt-rot-gruen-in-hamburg-startet-mit-vertrauensvorschuss/11644762.html">"Olaf Scholz gewählt: Rot-Grün in Hamburg startet mit Vertrauensvorschuss"</a>. <i>www.handelsblatt.com</i> (in German). 15 April 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160426033717/http://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/deutschland/buergerschaftswahlen-2015/olaf-scholz-gewaehlt-rot-gruen-in-hamburg-startet-mit-vertrauensvorschuss/11644762.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.handelsblatt.com&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz+gew%C3%A4hlt%3A+Rot-Gr%C3%BCn+in+Hamburg+startet+mit+Vertrauensvorschuss&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.handelsblatt.com%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Fbuergerschaftswahlen-2015%2Folaf-scholz-gewaehlt-rot-gruen-in-hamburg-startet-mit-vertrauensvorschuss%2F11644762.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161226165108/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2015/oct/08/hamburg-mayor-olympics-2024-london">"Hamburg mayor: our Olympics will cost $12.6bn, less than London 2012"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 8 October 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2015/oct/08/hamburg-mayor-olympics-2024-london">the original</a> on 26 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Hamburg+mayor%3A+our+Olympics+will+cost+%2412.6bn%2C+less+than+London+2012&rft.date=2015-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2F2015%2Foct%2F08%2Fhamburg-mayor-olympics-2024-london&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Karolos Grohmann (29 November 2015), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-olympics-hamburg-idUSKBN0TI0VC20151129#w6XLgBAPrJ4COKFY.97">Hamburg drops 2024 Games bid after referendum defeat</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210825092108/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-olympics-hamburg-idUSKBN0TI0VC20151129#w6XLgBAPrJ4COKFY.97">Archived</a> 25 August 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arno Schuetze and Foo Yun Chee (27 May 2015), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://in.reuters.com/article/eu-hsh-nordbank-restructuring-idINL8N12J2SX20151019">HSH Nordbank strikes rescue deal with EU</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200212225826/https://in.reuters.com/article/eu-hsh-nordbank-restructuring-idINL8N12J2SX20151019">Archived</a> 12 February 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/cum-ex-skandal-warburg-hamburg-scholz-1.5480132">"Cum-Ex-Skandal:"Ich kann die Entscheidung nicht nachvollziehen"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 4 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220103153609/https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/cum-ex-skandal-warburg-hamburg-scholz-1.5480132">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cum-Ex-Skandal%3A%22Ich+kann+die+Entscheidung+nicht+nachvollziehen%22&rft.date=2021-12-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sueddeutsche.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Fcum-ex-skandal-warburg-hamburg-scholz-1.5480132&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/hamburg-tax-affair-follows-olaf-scholz-to-berlin-1.4742161">"Hamburg tax affair follows Olaf Scholz to Berlin"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_Times" title="The Irish Times">The Irish Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211129190516/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/hamburg-tax-affair-follows-olaf-scholz-to-berlin-1.4742161">Archived</a> from the original on 29 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Hamburg+tax+affair+follows+Olaf+Scholz+to+Berlin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fhamburg-tax-affair-follows-olaf-scholz-to-berlin-1.4742161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/hamburg/index.html">"Nachrichten aus Hamburg"</a>. <i>NDR</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190719044919/https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/hamburg/Neue-U-Bahn-Station-Elbbruecken-eroeffnet,elbbruecken212.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NDR&rft.atitle=Nachrichten+aus+Hamburg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndr.de%2Fnachrichten%2Fhamburg%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nienaber-2018-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nienaber-2018_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nienaber-2018_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNienaber2018" class="citation web cs1">Nienaber, Michael (29 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180529084013/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-germany-scholz-analysis/germanys-miserly-scholz-irks-comrades-at-home-and-abroad-idUSKCN1IU0EX">"Germany's 'miserly' Scholz irks comrades at home and abroad"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-germany-scholz-analysis/germanys-miserly-scholz-irks-comrades-at-home-and-abroad-idUSKCN1IU0EX">the original</a> on 29 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+%27miserly%27+Scholz+irks+comrades+at+home+and+abroad&rft.date=2018-05-29&rft.aulast=Nienaber&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-germany-scholz-analysis%2Fgermanys-miserly-scholz-irks-comrades-at-home-and-abroad-idUSKCN1IU0EX&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-germany-politics-spd-idUSKBN1Y50ZK">"SPD leadership choice threatens Germany's ruling coalition"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 1 December 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211217202524/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-germany-politics-spd-idUSKBN1Y50ZK">Archived</a> from the original on 17 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=SPD+leadership+choice+threatens+Germany%27s+ruling+coalition&rft.date=2019-12-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-germany-politics-spd-idUSKBN1Y50ZK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChazan2021" class="citation web cs1">Chazan, Guy (4 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/335b5558-41b5-4a1e-a3b9-1440f7602bd8">"German stimulus aims to kick-start recovery 'with a ka-boom'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211126201458/https://www.ft.com/content/335b5558-41b5-4a1e-a3b9-1440f7602bd8">Archived</a> from the original on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=German+stimulus+aims+to+kick-start+recovery+%27with+a+ka-boom%27&rft.date=2021-06-04&rft.aulast=Chazan&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F335b5558-41b5-4a1e-a3b9-1440f7602bd8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNasr2021" class="citation web cs1">Nasr, Joseph (9 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210524101124/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germanys-spd-appeal-working-class-before-election-2021-05-09/">"Germany's SPD appeal to working class before election"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germanys-spd-appeal-working-class-before-election-2021-05-09/">the original</a> on 24 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+SPD+appeal+to+working+class+before+election&rft.date=2021-05-09&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fgermanys-spd-appeal-working-class-before-election-2021-05-09%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Holger Hansen, Thomas Leigh and Sabine Siebold (27 April 2021), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-germany-recovery-idUSKBN2CE1HY">Germany to spend 90% of EU recovery money on green, digital goals</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210524103145/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-germany-recovery-idUSKBN2CE1HY">Archived</a> 24 May 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNienaberThomasHalpin2021" class="citation web cs1">Nienaber, Michael; Thomas, Leigh; Halpin, Padraic (6 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210614213444/https://www.reuters.com/world/china/germanys-scholz-greets-us-move-work-global-corporate-minimum-tax-rate-2021-04-06/">"Germany and France see global tax deal, Ireland has doubts"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/china/germanys-scholz-greets-us-move-work-global-corporate-minimum-tax-rate-2021-04-06/">the original</a> on 14 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Germany+and+France+see+global+tax+deal%2C+Ireland+has+doubts&rft.date=2021-04-06&rft.aulast=Nienaber&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Leigh&rft.au=Halpin%2C+Padraic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fchina%2Fgermanys-scholz-greets-us-move-work-global-corporate-minimum-tax-rate-2021-04-06%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNienaber2021" class="citation web cs1">Nienaber, Michael (14 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210614213444/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germanys-scholz-bets-experience-uphill-election-battle-2021-06-14/">"Analysis: Germany's Scholz bets on experience in uphill election battle"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germanys-scholz-bets-experience-uphill-election-battle-2021-06-14/">the original</a> on 14 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Analysis%3A+Germany%27s+Scholz+bets+on+experience+in+uphill+election+battle&rft.date=2021-06-14&rft.aulast=Nienaber&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fgermanys-scholz-bets-experience-uphill-election-battle-2021-06-14%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFReiermann2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Reiermann, Christian (5 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/unternehmen/g7-einigung-auf-mindeststeuer-olaf-scholz-ist-stolz-auf-einigung-aber-arbeit-bleibt-a-9c808dde-5315-41d7-bb52-945a573961bc">"G7-Einigung auf Mindeststeuer: Olaf Scholz ist stolz auf Einigung – aber Arbeit bleibt"</a>. <i>Der Spiegel</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211029174814/https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/unternehmen/g7-einigung-auf-mindeststeuer-olaf-scholz-ist-stolz-auf-einigung-aber-arbeit-bleibt-a-9c808dde-5315-41d7-bb52-945a573961bc">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=G7-Einigung+auf+Mindeststeuer%3A+Olaf+Scholz+ist+stolz+auf+Einigung+%E2%80%93+aber+Arbeit+bleibt&rft.date=2021-06-05&rft.aulast=Reiermann&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Funternehmen%2Fg7-einigung-auf-mindeststeuer-olaf-scholz-ist-stolz-auf-einigung-aber-arbeit-bleibt-a-9c808dde-5315-41d7-bb52-945a573961bc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/olaf-scholz-kauft-steuerdaten-aus-dubai-a-c0ba6640-0002-0001-0000-000177879107">"Scholz kauft Steuerdaten von anonymem Informanten"</a>. <i>Der Spiegel</i>. 6 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211029174847/https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/olaf-scholz-kauft-steuerdaten-aus-dubai-a-c0ba6640-0002-0001-0000-000177879107">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Scholz+kauft+Steuerdaten+von+anonymem+Informanten&rft.date=2021-11-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Folaf-scholz-kauft-steuerdaten-aus-dubai-a-c0ba6640-0002-0001-0000-000177879107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/DE/Pressemitteilungen/Finanzpolitik/2021/01/2021-01-29-neuaufstellung-bafin.html">"Scholz kündigt Neuaufstellung der BaFin an"</a>. <i>Bundesfinanzministerium.de</i>. 29 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211028170249/https://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/Content/DE/Pressemitteilungen/Finanzpolitik/2021/01/2021-01-29-neuaufstellung-bafin.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesfinanzministerium.de&rft.atitle=Scholz+k%C3%BCndigt+Neuaufstellung+der+BaFin+an&rft.date=2021-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundesfinanzministerium.de%2FContent%2FDE%2FPressemitteilungen%2FFinanzpolitik%2F2021%2F01%2F2021-01-29-neuaufstellung-bafin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/regionales/bayern/article219249588/EU-Behoerde-sieht-Defizite-bei-Aufsicht-im-Wirecard-Skandal.html">"EU-Behörde sieht Defizite bei Aufsicht im Wirecard-Skandal"</a>. <i>Welt</i>. 3 November 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211029175422/https://www.welt.de/regionales/bayern/article219249588/EU-Behoerde-sieht-Defizite-bei-Aufsicht-im-Wirecard-Skandal.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Welt&rft.atitle=EU-Beh%C3%B6rde+sieht+Defizite+bei+Aufsicht+im+Wirecard-Skandal&rft.date=2020-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fregionales%2Fbayern%2Farticle219249588%2FEU-Behoerde-sieht-Defizite-bei-Aufsicht-im-Wirecard-Skandal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFO'DonnellKraemer2021" class="citation web cs1">O'Donnell, John; Kraemer, Christian (22 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210524105307/https://www.reuters.com/business/germanys-finance-minister-rejects-blame-wirecard-fiasco-2021-04-22/">"Germany's finance minister rejects blame for Wirecard fiasco"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/germanys-finance-minister-rejects-blame-wirecard-fiasco-2021-04-22/">the original</a> on 24 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+finance+minister+rejects+blame+for+Wirecard+fiasco&rft.date=2021-04-22&rft.aulast=O%27Donnell&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Kraemer%2C+Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fgermanys-finance-minister-rejects-blame-wirecard-fiasco-2021-04-22%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210524105308/https://apnews.com/article/europe-business-government-and-politics-b2ba267ea3d5add60a77dd6c2a1c0303">"German minister denies responsibility in Wirecard scandal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i>. 22 April 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/europe-business-government-and-politics-b2ba267ea3d5add60a77dd6c2a1c0303">the original</a> on 24 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=German+minister+denies+responsibility+in+Wirecard+scandal&rft.date=2021-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Feurope-business-government-and-politics-b2ba267ea3d5add60a77dd6c2a1c0303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChazan2020" class="citation web cs1">Chazan, Guy (16 August 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210524105308/https://www.ft.com/content/082cfe11-64bf-4f63-a79c-7a86bb29370e">"Wirecard casts shadow over Scholz's bid to be German chancellor"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/082cfe11-64bf-4f63-a79c-7a86bb29370e">the original</a> on 24 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Wirecard+casts+shadow+over+Scholz%27s+bid+to+be+German+chancellor&rft.date=2020-08-16&rft.aulast=Chazan&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F082cfe11-64bf-4f63-a79c-7a86bb29370e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChazan2021" class="citation web cs1">Chazan, Guy (22 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210524105307/https://www.ft.com/content/e639baf8-7f6c-421a-815b-5b48f0d9c655">"Olaf Scholz defends German government's record on Wirecard"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/e639baf8-7f6c-421a-815b-5b48f0d9c655">the original</a> on 24 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz+defends+German+government%27s+record+on+Wirecard&rft.date=2021-04-22&rft.aulast=Chazan&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Fe639baf8-7f6c-421a-815b-5b48f0d9c655&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdf.de/politik/berlin-direkt/olaf-scholz-bei-anne-will-102.html"><i>Scholz schließt im Juni noch SPD-Vorsitz aus</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220329233254/https://www.zdf.de/politik/berlin-direkt/olaf-scholz-bei-anne-will-102.html">Archived</a> 29 March 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. In: <i>ZDF.de</i>. 16. August 2019. (in der ARD-Sendung "Anne Will").</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zeit.de/politik/deutschland/2019-06/spd-krise-olaf-scholz-parteivorsitz-ralf-stegner-urwahl">"Olaf Scholz will nicht SPD-Parteivorsitzender werden"</a>. <i>Zeit.de</i>. 3 June 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220329233249/https://www.zeit.de/politik/deutschland/2019-06/spd-krise-olaf-scholz-parteivorsitz-ralf-stegner-urwahl">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zeit.de&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz+will+nicht+SPD-Parteivorsitzender+werden&rft.date=2019-06-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2F2019-06%2Fspd-krise-olaf-scholz-parteivorsitz-ralf-stegner-urwahl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/gastbeitrag-von-gabor-steingart-wortbruch-ohne-skrupel-so-zerstoeren-politiker-wie-akk-das-vertrauen-in-den-politik_id_11073498.html">"Wortbruch auf offener Bühne:AKK und Scholz sind Symbolfiguren einer Vertrauenskrise"</a>. <i>Focus.de</i>. 27 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220713233232/https://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/gastbeitrag-von-gabor-steingart-wortbruch-ohne-skrupel-so-zerstoeren-politiker-wie-akk-das-vertrauen-in-den-politik_id_11073498.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Focus.de&rft.atitle=Wortbruch+auf+offener+B%C3%BChne%3AAKK+und+Scholz+sind+Symbolfiguren+einer+Vertrauenskrise&rft.date=2019-08-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.focus.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Fgastbeitrag-von-gabor-steingart-wortbruch-ohne-skrupel-so-zerstoeren-politiker-wie-akk-das-vertrauen-in-den-politik_id_11073498.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/olaf-scholz-will-spd-vorsitzender-werden-a-1282229.html">"Olaf Scholz will SPD-Chef werden"</a>. <i>Spiegel.de</i>. 16 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220811213414/https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/olaf-scholz-will-spd-vorsitzender-werden-a-1282229.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spiegel.de&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz+will+SPD-Chef+werden&rft.date=2019-08-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Folaf-scholz-will-spd-vorsitzender-werden-a-1282229.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/spd-olaf-scholz-bewirbt-sich-mit-klara-geywitz-fuer-parteivorsitz-a-1282806.html">"Olaf Scholz tritt mit Klara Geywitz an"</a>. <i>Spiegel.de</i>. 20 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220329233252/https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/spd-olaf-scholz-bewirbt-sich-mit-klara-geywitz-fuer-parteivorsitz-a-1282806.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spiegel.de&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz+tritt+mit+Klara+Geywitz+an&rft.date=2019-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Fspd-olaf-scholz-bewirbt-sich-mit-klara-geywitz-fuer-parteivorsitz-a-1282806.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/deutschland/parteivorsitz-die-selbst-rettung-olaf-scholz-will-nun-doch-spd-chef-werden/24912108.html">"Die (Selbst-)Rettung – Olaf Scholz will nun doch SPD-Chef werden"</a>. <i>Handelsblatt.de</i>. 18 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002143733/https://www.handelsblatt.com/silent-refresh.html?error=login_required&state=27ac982f5a6046edb8cd680973ba66f2;eyJyZWZlcnJlciI6Imh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmhhbmRlbHNibGF0dC5jb20ifQ==">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Handelsblatt.de&rft.atitle=Die+%28Selbst-%29Rettung+%E2%80%93+Olaf+Scholz+will+nun+doch+SPD-Chef+werden&rft.date=2019-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.handelsblatt.com%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Fparteivorsitz-die-selbst-rettung-olaf-scholz-will-nun-doch-spd-chef-werden%2F24912108.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/spd-scholz-geywitz-und-walter-borjans-esken-in-stichwahl-um-parteivorsitz-a-1293505.html">"Scholz/Geywitz gegen Walter-Borjans/Esken in Stichwahl um SPD-Vorsitz"</a>. <i>Spiegel.de</i>. 26 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220329233249/https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/spd-scholz-geywitz-und-walter-borjans-esken-in-stichwahl-um-parteivorsitz-a-1293505.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spiegel.de&rft.atitle=Scholz%2FGeywitz+gegen+Walter-Borjans%2FEsken+in+Stichwahl+um+SPD-Vorsitz&rft.date=2019-10-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Fspd-scholz-geywitz-und-walter-borjans-esken-in-stichwahl-um-parteivorsitz-a-1293505.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/spd-mitglieder-stimmen-fuer-saskia-esken-und-norbert-walter-borjans-a-1299099.html">"SPD-Mitglieder stimmen für Saskia Esken und Norbert Walter-Borjans als Parteichefs"</a>. <i>Spiegel.de</i>. 30 November 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220329233446/https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/spd-mitglieder-stimmen-fuer-saskia-esken-und-norbert-walter-borjans-a-1299099.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spiegel.de&rft.atitle=SPD-Mitglieder+stimmen+f%C3%BCr+Saskia+Esken+und+Norbert+Walter-Borjans+als+Parteichefs&rft.date=2019-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Fspd-mitglieder-stimmen-fuer-saskia-esken-und-norbert-walter-borjans-a-1299099.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ft.com-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ft.com_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Erika Solomon (10 August 2020), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/7765e2da-7199-432a-ab18-234594a8768e">German Social Democrats pick Olaf Scholz to run for chancellor</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210524105307/https://www.ft.com/content/7765e2da-7199-432a-ab18-234594a8768e">Archived</a> 24 May 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zeit.de/politik/deutschland/2020-08/olaf-scholz-spd-kanzlerkandidat">"SPD-Spitze nominiert Olaf Scholz als Kanzlerkandidaten"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200820113316/https://www.zeit.de/zustimmung?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2F2020-08%2Folaf-scholz-spd-kanzlerkandidat">Archived</a> from the original on 20 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=SPD-Spitze+nominiert+Olaf+Scholz+als+Kanzlerkandidaten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2F2020-08%2Folaf-scholz-spd-kanzlerkandidat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://taz.de/Olaf-Scholz-wird-SPD-Kanzlerkandidat/!5706158/">"Ende des linken Flügels"</a>. <i>Die Tageszeitung</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210411100342/https://taz.de/Olaf-Scholz-wird-SPD-Kanzlerkandidat/!5706158/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+Tageszeitung&rft.atitle=Ende+des+linken+Fl%C3%BCgels&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftaz.de%2FOlaf-Scholz-wird-SPD-Kanzlerkandidat%2F%215706158%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFrederik_PleitgenSalma_AbdelazizNadine_SchmidtStephanie_Halasz2021" class="citation web cs1">Frederik Pleitgen; Salma Abdelaziz; Nadine Schmidt; Stephanie Halasz; Laura Smith-Spark (26 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/26/europe/germany-election-results-polls-2021-grm-intl/index.html">"SPD wins most seats in Germany's landmark election, preliminary official results show"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210927040139/https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/26/europe/germany-election-results-polls-2021-grm-intl/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=SPD+wins+most+seats+in+Germany%27s+landmark+election%2C+preliminary+official+results+show&rft.date=2021-09-26&rft.au=Frederik+Pleitgen&rft.au=Salma+Abdelaziz&rft.au=Nadine+Schmidt&rft.au=Stephanie+Halasz&rft.au=Laura+Smith-Spark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2021%2F09%2F26%2Feurope%2Fgermany-election-results-polls-2021-grm-intl%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/spd-fdp-und-gruene-empfehlen-koalitionsgespraeche-a-e8617bfc-869f-4dc6-9a31-b295589a17b0">"Die Ampel kann kommen: SPD, FDP und Grüne empfehlen Koalitionsgespräche"</a>. <i>Der Spiegel</i> (in German). 15 October 2021. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2195-1349">2195-1349</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211015143513/https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/spd-fdp-und-gruene-empfehlen-koalitionsgespraeche-a-e8617bfc-869f-4dc6-9a31-b295589a17b0">Archived</a> from the original on 15 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Die+Ampel+kann+kommen%3A+SPD%2C+FDP+und+Gr%C3%BCne+empfehlen+Koalitionsgespr%C3%A4che&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft.issn=2195-1349&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Fspd-fdp-und-gruene-empfehlen-koalitionsgespraeche-a-e8617bfc-869f-4dc6-9a31-b295589a17b0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFApetz2021" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Apetz, Andreas (24 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fr.de/politik/ampel-koalition-koalitionsvertrag-so-geht-es-weiter-spd-fdp-gruene-regierung-91137643.html">"Ampel-Koalition: So sieht der Fahrplan nach dem Koalitionsvertrag aus"</a>. <i>Frankfurter Rundschau</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208150012/https://www.fr.de/politik/ampel-koalition-koalitionsvertrag-so-geht-es-weiter-spd-fdp-gruene-regierung-91137643.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Frankfurter+Rundschau&rft.atitle=Ampel-Koalition%3A+So+sieht+der+Fahrplan+nach+dem+Koalitionsvertrag+aus&rft.date=2021-11-24&rft.aulast=Apetz&rft.aufirst=Andreas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fr.de%2Fpolitik%2Fampel-koalition-koalitionsvertrag-so-geht-es-weiter-spd-fdp-gruene-regierung-91137643.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBennhold2021" class="citation news cs1">Bennhold, Katrin (8 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/12/08/world/germany-scholz-merkel">"Germany Live Updates: Parliament Approves Scholz as Chancellor, Ending Merkel Era"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211221130320/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/12/08/world/germany-scholz-merkel">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Germany+Live+Updates%3A+Parliament+Approves+Scholz+as+Chancellor%2C+Ending+Merkel+Era&rft.date=2021-12-08&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Bennhold&rft.aufirst=Katrin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Flive%2F2021%2F12%2F08%2Fworld%2Fgermany-scholz-merkel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tagesschau.de/newsticker/liveblog-kanzlerwahl-101.html">"Liveblog: ++ Kabinett vereidigt – Regierungsarbeit kann starten ++"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Tagesschau_(German_TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tagesschau (German TV series)">Tagesschau</a></i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208075550/https://www.tagesschau.de/newsticker/liveblog-kanzlerwahl-101.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tagesschau&rft.atitle=Liveblog%3A+%2B%2B+Kabinett+vereidigt+%E2%80%93+Regierungsarbeit+kann+starten+%2B%2B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagesschau.de%2Fnewsticker%2Fliveblog-kanzlerwahl-101.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/tensions-overshadow-olaf-scholz-s-inaugural-visit-to-warsaw-1.4754455?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Ftensions-overshadow-olaf-scholz-s-inaugural-visit-to-warsaw-1.4754455">"Tensions overshadow Olaf Scholz's inaugural visit to Warsaw"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i>. 14 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211219132607/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/tensions-overshadow-olaf-scholz-s-inaugural-visit-to-warsaw-1.4754455?mode=sample&auth-failed=1&pw-origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Ftensions-overshadow-olaf-scholz-s-inaugural-visit-to-warsaw-1.4754455">Archived</a> from the original on 19 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Tensions+overshadow+Olaf+Scholz%27s+inaugural+visit+to+Warsaw&rft.date=2021-12-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Ftensions-overshadow-olaf-scholz-s-inaugural-visit-to-warsaw-1.4754455%3Fmode%3Dsample%26auth-failed%3D1%26pw-origin%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.irishtimes.com%252Fnews%252Fworld%252Feurope%252Ftensions-overshadow-olaf-scholz-s-inaugural-visit-to-warsaw-1.4754455&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tacticalreport.com/news/article/59403-saudi-arabia-german-arms-export-ban-set-to-soften">"Saudi Arabia: German arms export ban set to soften?"</a>. <i>Tactical Report</i>. 18 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220814152903/https://www.tacticalreport.com/news/article/59403-saudi-arabia-german-arms-export-ban-set-to-soften">Archived</a> from the original on 14 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tactical+Report&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia%3A+German+arms+export+ban+set+to+soften%3F&rft.date=2022-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tacticalreport.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F59403-saudi-arabia-german-arms-export-ban-set-to-soften&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/germany-s-ban-on-arms-exports-to-saudi-arabia-spurs-pushback-a-1255764.html">"German Ban on Arms Exports to Saudis Spurs Pushback"</a>. <i>Der Spiegel</i>. 6 March 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240808192326/https://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/germany-s-ban-on-arms-exports-to-saudi-arabia-spurs-pushback-a-1255764.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=German+Ban+on+Arms+Exports+to+Saudis+Spurs+Pushback&rft.date=2019-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Fgermany%2Fgermany-s-ban-on-arms-exports-to-saudi-arabia-spurs-pushback-a-1255764.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/scholz-secures-gas-deal-with-abu-dhabi-amid-pressure-on-human-rights/">"Scholz secures gas deal with Abu Dhabi amid pressure on human rights"</a>. <i>Euractiv</i>. 26 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240529134639/https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/scholz-secures-gas-deal-with-abu-dhabi-amid-pressure-on-human-rights/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Euractiv&rft.atitle=Scholz+secures+gas+deal+with+Abu+Dhabi+amid+pressure+on+human+rights&rft.date=2022-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euractiv.com%2Fsection%2Fenergy%2Fnews%2Fscholz-secures-gas-deal-with-abu-dhabi-amid-pressure-on-human-rights%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/germanys-scholz-seeks-deepen-energy-partnership-with-saudi-arabia-2022-09-24/">"Germany's Scholz seeks to deepen energy partnership with Saudi Arabia"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 24 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230530173139/https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/germanys-scholz-seeks-deepen-energy-partnership-with-saudi-arabia-2022-09-24/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Scholz+seeks+to+deepen+energy+partnership+with+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2022-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy%2Fgermanys-scholz-seeks-deepen-energy-partnership-with-saudi-arabia-2022-09-24%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/german-government-approves-arms-exports-to-saudi-arabia-reports/a-63288334">"German government approves arms exports to Saudi Arabia: reports"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 29 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240622220758/https://www.dw.com/en/german-government-approves-arms-exports-to-saudi-arabia-reports/a-63288334">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=German+government+approves+arms+exports+to+Saudi+Arabia%3A+reports&rft.date=2022-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgerman-government-approves-arms-exports-to-saudi-arabia-reports%2Fa-63288334&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Voice_of_America-Scholz-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Voice_of_America-Scholz_90-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Voice_of_America-Scholz_90-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDettmer2021" class="citation news cs1">Dettmer, Jamie (7 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voanews.com/a/washington-hopeful-of-close-relations-with-germany-scholz/6343014.html">"Washington Hopeful of Close Relations With Germany's Scholz"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America">Voice of America</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220628023014/https://www.voanews.com/a/washington-hopeful-of-close-relations-with-germany-scholz/6343014.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Voice+of+America&rft.atitle=Washington+Hopeful+of+Close+Relations+With+Germany%27s+Scholz&rft.date=2021-12-07&rft.aulast=Dettmer&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Fwashington-hopeful-of-close-relations-with-germany-scholz%2F6343014.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/ukraine-crisis-germany-halts-nord-stream-2-approval/a-60867443">"Ukraine crisis: Germany halts Nord Stream 2 approval"</a>. dw.com. 22 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220222111245/https://www.dw.com/en/ukraine-crisis-germany-halts-nord-stream-2-approval/a-60867443">Archived</a> from the original on 22 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ukraine+crisis%3A+Germany+halts+Nord+Stream+2+approval&rft.pub=dw.com&rft.date=2022-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fukraine-crisis-germany-halts-nord-stream-2-approval%2Fa-60867443&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/russia-should-not-be-cut-off-swift-moment-germanys-scholz-2022-02-24/">"Russia should not be cut off from SWIFT at the moment – Germany's Scholz"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. Reuters. 24 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220225000810/https://www.reuters.com/world/russia-should-not-be-cut-off-swift-moment-germanys-scholz-2022-02-24/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russia+should+not+be+cut+off+from+SWIFT+at+the+moment+%E2%80%93+Germany%27s+Scholz&rft.date=2022-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Frussia-should-not-be-cut-off-swift-moment-germanys-scholz-2022-02-24%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220227-a-new-era-germany-rewrites-its-defence-foreign-policies">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'A new era': Germany rewrites its defence, foreign policies"</a>. <i>France 24</i>. AFP. 27 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230120070527/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220227-a-new-era-germany-rewrites-its-defence-foreign-policies">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=France+24&rft.atitle=%27A+new+era%27%3A+Germany+rewrites+its+defence%2C+foreign+policies&rft.date=2022-02-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2Flive-news%2F20220227-a-new-era-germany-rewrites-its-defence-foreign-policies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Military-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Military_94-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/d24a5196-fa4e-415c-a9d5-bc19fad93197">"Germany approves €100bn fund to modernise its armed forces"</a>. <i>Financial Times</i>. 3 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Germany+approves+%E2%82%AC100bn+fund+to+modernise+its+armed+forces&rft.date=2022-06-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Fd24a5196-fa4e-415c-a9d5-bc19fad93197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-baker22-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-baker22_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBarker2022" class="citation news cs1">Barker, Tyson (25 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dgap.org/en/research/publications/berlin-elites-ukraine-dilemma">"The Berlin Elite's Ukraine Dilemma"</a>. German Council on Foreign Relations. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240424040407/https://dgap.org/en/research/publications/berlin-elites-ukraine-dilemma">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Berlin+Elite%27s+Ukraine+Dilemma&rft.date=2022-04-25&rft.aulast=Barker&rft.aufirst=Tyson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdgap.org%2Fen%2Fresearch%2Fpublications%2Fberlin-elites-ukraine-dilemma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/scholz-and-liberal-finance-minister-clash-over-nuclear-phase-out/">"Scholz and liberal finance minister clash over nuclear phase-out"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Euractiv" title="Euractiv">Euractiv</a></i>. 9 June 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240829161213/https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/scholz-and-liberal-finance-minister-clash-over-nuclear-phase-out/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Euractiv&rft.atitle=Scholz+and+liberal+finance+minister+clash+over+nuclear+phase-out&rft.date=2022-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euractiv.com%2Fsection%2Fenergy-environment%2Fnews%2Fscholz-and-liberal-finance-minister-clash-over-nuclear-phase-out%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/06/20/germany-nuclear-power-energy-weapons-nato-russia-ukraine-war-energy-crisis-greens/">"Germany Confronts Its Nuclear Demons"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a></i>. 20 June 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002143726/https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/06/20/germany-nuclear-power-energy-weapons-nato-russia-ukraine-war-energy-crisis-greens/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=Germany+Confronts+Its+Nuclear+Demons&rft.date=2022-06-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2022%2F06%2F20%2Fgermany-nuclear-power-energy-weapons-nato-russia-ukraine-war-energy-crisis-greens%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-scholz-rejects-use-of-apartheid-to-describe-israel/a-62828146">"Scholz rejects use of 'apartheid' to describe Israel"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 16 August 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230404143519/https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-scholz-rejects-use-of-apartheid-to-describe-israel/a-62828146">Archived</a> from the original on 4 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Scholz+rejects+use+of+%27apartheid%27+to+describe+Israel&rft.date=2022-08-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermanys-scholz-rejects-use-of-apartheid-to-describe-israel%2Fa-62828146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/international/business/energy-crisis-fallout-how-bad-will-the-german-recession-be-a-9e1f479e-5fef-4e62-b5ca-2f9e87b9bbca">"How Bad Will the German Recession Be?"</a>. <i>Der Spiegel</i>. 14 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240927162111/https://www.spiegel.de/international/business/energy-crisis-fallout-how-bad-will-the-german-recession-be-a-9e1f479e-5fef-4e62-b5ca-2f9e87b9bbca">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=How+Bad+Will+the+German+Recession+Be%3F&rft.date=2022-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Fbusiness%2Fenergy-crisis-fallout-how-bad-will-the-german-recession-be-a-9e1f479e-5fef-4e62-b5ca-2f9e87b9bbca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/international/business/growing-energy-crisis-a-grave-threat-to-industry-in-germany-a-9152547c-a31d-483e-a70c-242c280cab23">"A Grave Threat to Industry in Germany"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i>. 21 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240605231539/https://www.spiegel.de/international/business/growing-energy-crisis-a-grave-threat-to-industry-in-germany-a-9152547c-a31d-483e-a70c-242c280cab23">Archived</a> from the original on 5 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=A+Grave+Threat+to+Industry+in+Germany&rft.date=2022-09-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Fbusiness%2Fgrowing-energy-crisis-a-grave-threat-to-industry-in-germany-a-9152547c-a31d-483e-a70c-242c280cab23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euronews.com/next/2022/09/13/ukraine-crisis-europe-energy">"Germany, EU race to fix energy crisis"</a>. <i>Euronews</i>. 14 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221005170425/https://www.euronews.com/next/2022/09/13/ukraine-crisis-europe-energy">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Euronews&rft.atitle=Germany%2C+EU+race+to+fix+energy+crisis&rft.date=2022-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euronews.com%2Fnext%2F2022%2F09%2F13%2Fukraine-crisis-europe-energy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/germany-to-mobilise-e200bn-economic-shield-to-get-through-energy-crisis/">"Germany to mobilise €200bn economic 'shield' to field energy crisis"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Euractiv" title="Euractiv">Euractiv</a></i>. 30 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230116223710/https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/germany-to-mobilise-e200bn-economic-shield-to-get-through-energy-crisis/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Euractiv&rft.atitle=Germany+to+mobilise+%E2%82%AC200bn+economic+%27shield%27+to+field+energy+crisis&rft.date=2022-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euractiv.com%2Fsection%2Fenergy%2Fnews%2Fgermany-to-mobilise-e200bn-economic-shield-to-get-through-energy-crisis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-11-05/scholz-germany-won-t-delay-path-to-climate-neutrality-by-2045">"Scholz: Germany Won't Delay Path to Climate Neutrality by 2045"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. 5 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Scholz%3A+Germany+Won%27t+Delay+Path+to+Climate+Neutrality+by+2045&rft.date=2022-11-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2022-11-05%2Fscholz-germany-won-t-delay-path-to-climate-neutrality-by-2045&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.azernews.az/nation/207512.html">"President Ilham Aliyev, Chancellor Olaf Scholz make joint press statement in Berlin [PHOTO/VIDEO]"</a>. <i>AzerNews</i>. 14 March 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230712194729/https://www.azernews.az/nation/207512.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AzerNews&rft.atitle=President+Ilham+Aliyev%2C+Chancellor+Olaf+Scholz+make+joint+press+statement+in+Berlin+%5BPHOTO%2FVIDEO%5D&rft.date=2023-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.azernews.az%2Fnation%2F207512.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/sudan-crisis-hovers-over-olaf-scholzs-visit-to-east-africa/a-65491727">"Sudan crisis hovers over Olaf Scholz's visit to East Africa"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 2 May 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002143730/https://www.dw.com/en/sudan-crisis-hovers-over-olaf-scholzs-visit-to-east-africa/a-65491727">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Sudan+crisis+hovers+over+Olaf+Scholz%27s+visit+to+East+Africa&rft.date=2023-05-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fsudan-crisis-hovers-over-olaf-scholzs-visit-to-east-africa%2Fa-65491727&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://in-cyprus.philenews.com/news/local/german-chancellor-calls-for-political-courage-from-all-parties-involved-in-cyprus-problem/">"German Chancellor calls for political courage from all parties involved in Cyprus problem"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Phileleftheros" title="Phileleftheros">Phileleftheros</a></i>. 26 May 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231001042748/https://in-cyprus.philenews.com/news/local/german-chancellor-calls-for-political-courage-from-all-parties-involved-in-cyprus-problem/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phileleftheros&rft.atitle=German+Chancellor+calls+for+political+courage+from+all+parties+involved+in+Cyprus+problem&rft.date=2023-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fin-cyprus.philenews.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgerman-chancellor-calls-for-political-courage-from-all-parties-involved-in-cyprus-problem%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mtv.com.lb/en/News/Live_Feed/1393446/schulz--germany-has-agreed-with-its-partners-that-israel-has-the-right-to-self-defense">"Scholz: Germany has agreed with its partners that Israel has the right to self-defense"</a>. <i>MTV Lebanon</i>. 10 October 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002123213/https://www.mtv.com.lb/en/News/Live_Feed/1393446/schulz--germany-has-agreed-with-its-partners-that-israel-has-the-right-to-self-defense">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MTV+Lebanon&rft.atitle=Scholz%3A+Germany+has+agreed+with+its+partners+that+Israel+has+the+right+to+self-defense&rft.date=2023-10-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mtv.com.lb%2Fen%2FNews%2FLive_Feed%2F1393446%2Fschulz--germany-has-agreed-with-its-partners-that-israel-has-the-right-to-self-defense&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:10_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJones2023" class="citation web cs1">Jones, Sam (8 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/1a09622b-91cf-4527-a887-f8f328bd7cad">"German arms exports to Israel surge as Berlin backs campaign against Hamas"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240216194757/https://www.ft.com/content/1a09622b-91cf-4527-a887-f8f328bd7cad">Archived</a> from the original on 16 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=German+arms+exports+to+Israel+surge+as+Berlin+backs+campaign+against+Hamas&rft.date=2023-11-08&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F1a09622b-91cf-4527-a887-f8f328bd7cad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:11-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:11_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/news/germany-stands-by-israel-and-is-seeking-to-bring-about-a-de-escalation-2228294">"Germany stands firmly alongside Israel"</a>. <i>Bundesregierung</i>. 22 December 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240215011039/https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/news/germany-stands-by-israel-and-is-seeking-to-bring-about-a-de-escalation-2228294">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2024</span>. <q>The Federal Government is also supporting Israel by providing military and medical equipment.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesregierung&rft.atitle=Germany+stands+firmly+alongside+Israel&rft.date=2023-12-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundesregierung.de%2Fbreg-en%2Fnews%2Fgermany-stands-by-israel-and-is-seeking-to-bring-about-a-de-escalation-2228294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/germany-scholz-israel-aid-hamas-b38a3cf34895fbfc0c966bb27413886f">"Germany offers Israel military help and promises to crack down at home on support for Hamas"</a>. <i>AP News</i>. 12 October 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231021074250/https://apnews.com/article/germany-scholz-israel-aid-hamas-b38a3cf34895fbfc0c966bb27413886f">Archived</a> from the original on 21 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Germany+offers+Israel+military+help+and+promises+to+crack+down+at+home+on+support+for+Hamas&rft.date=2023-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fgermany-scholz-israel-aid-hamas-b38a3cf34895fbfc0c966bb27413886f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/scholzs-plane-evacuated-following-missile-alert-in-israel/">"Olaf Scholz's plane evacuated on runway following rocket attack in Israel"</a>. <i>Politico</i>. 18 October 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240506132743/https://www.politico.eu/article/scholzs-plane-evacuated-following-missile-alert-in-israel/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz%27s+plane+evacuated+on+runway+following+rocket+attack+in+Israel&rft.date=2023-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fscholzs-plane-evacuated-following-missile-alert-in-israel%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.barrons.com/news/german-chancellor-opposed-to-immediate-ceasefire-in-gaza-0739398a">"German Chancellor Opposed To 'Immediate' Ceasefire In Gaza"</a>. <i>Barron's</i>. 12 November 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240910035442/https://www.barrons.com/news/german-chancellor-opposed-to-immediate-ceasefire-in-gaza-0739398a">Archived</a> from the original on 10 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Barron%27s&rft.atitle=German+Chancellor+Opposed+To+%27Immediate%27+Ceasefire+In+Gaza&rft.date=2023-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barrons.com%2Fnews%2Fgerman-chancellor-opposed-to-immediate-ceasefire-in-gaza-0739398a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/cop28-germanys-scholz-calls-to-phase-out-coal-oil-and-gas/a-67614763">"COP28: Germany's Scholz calls to phase out coal, oil and gas"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 2 December 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002143732/https://www.dw.com/en/cop28-germanys-scholz-calls-to-phase-out-coal-oil-and-gas/a-67614763">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=COP28%3A+Germany%27s+Scholz+calls+to+phase+out+coal%2C+oil+and+gas&rft.date=2023-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fcop28-germanys-scholz-calls-to-phase-out-coal-oil-and-gas%2Fa-67614763&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/olaf-scholz-josep-borrell-benjamin-netanyahu-karl-nehammer-lashed-out-at-eu-foreign-policy-chief-on-gaza-stance/">"Germany's Scholz lashed out at EU foreign policy chief over Gaza stance"</a>. <i>Politico</i>. 16 April 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002123218/https://www.politico.eu/article/olaf-scholz-josep-borrell-benjamin-netanyahu-karl-nehammer-lashed-out-at-eu-foreign-policy-chief-on-gaza-stance/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Scholz+lashed+out+at+EU+foreign+policy+chief+over+Gaza+stance&rft.date=2024-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Folaf-scholz-josep-borrell-benjamin-netanyahu-karl-nehammer-lashed-out-at-eu-foreign-policy-chief-on-gaza-stance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/german-chancellor-sees-no-reason-to-recognize-palestinian-state/3229530">"German chancellor sees 'no reason' to recognize Palestinian state"</a>. <i>Anadolu Agency</i>. 24 May 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002123213/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/german-chancellor-sees-no-reason-to-recognize-palestinian-state/3229530">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anadolu+Agency&rft.atitle=German+chancellor+sees+%27no+reason%27+to+recognize+Palestinian+state&rft.date=2024-05-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aa.com.tr%2Fen%2Feurope%2Fgerman-chancellor-sees-no-reason-to-recognize-palestinian-state%2F3229530&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/germany-s-scholz-skeptical-about-eu-tariffs-on-chinese-electric-vehicle-imports/3219491">"Germany's Scholz skeptical about EU tariffs on Chinese electric vehicle imports"</a>. <i>Anadolu Agency</i>. 14 May 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240711072704/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/germany-s-scholz-skeptical-about-eu-tariffs-on-chinese-electric-vehicle-imports/3219491">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anadolu+Agency&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Scholz+skeptical+about+EU+tariffs+on+Chinese+electric+vehicle+imports&rft.date=2024-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aa.com.tr%2Fen%2Feurope%2Fgermany-s-scholz-skeptical-about-eu-tariffs-on-chinese-electric-vehicle-imports%2F3219491&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-06-02/electric-vehicles-germany-s-scholz-praises-vw-move-on-cheap-evs">"Germany's Scholz Lauds VW's Move Into Cheap EVs as 'Very Good'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. 2 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Scholz+Lauds+VW%27s+Move+Into+Cheap+EVs+as+%27Very+Good%27&rft.date=2024-06-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2024-06-02%2Felectric-vehicles-germany-s-scholz-praises-vw-move-on-cheap-evs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-06-23/scholz-milei-demand-swift-deal-on-eu-mercosur-free-trade-pact">"Scholz, Milei Demand Swift Deal on EU-Mercosur Free Trade Pact"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. 23 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Scholz%2C+Milei+Demand+Swift+Deal+on+EU-Mercosur+Free+Trade+Pact&rft.date=2023-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2024-06-23%2Fscholz-milei-demand-swift-deal-on-eu-mercosur-free-trade-pact&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-olaf-scholz-condemns-eu-trade-deals-policy-brussels/">"Germany's Scholz blasts EU for failure to do trade deals"</a>. <i>Politico</i>. 26 June 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240927020908/https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-olaf-scholz-condemns-eu-trade-deals-policy-brussels/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Scholz+blasts+EU+for+failure+to+do+trade+deals&rft.date=2024-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fgermany-olaf-scholz-condemns-eu-trade-deals-policy-brussels%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wyborcza.pl/7,173236,27907258,new-chancellor-meets-old-resentments-polish-pm-receives-olaf.html?disableRedirects=true">"New Chancellor Meets Old Resentments. Polish PM Receives Olaf Scholz in Warsaw, Talks of War Reparations and a "Europe of Sovereign States"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Gazeta_Wyborcza" title="Gazeta Wyborcza">Gazeta Wyborcza</a></i>. 13 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211219131423/https://wyborcza.pl/7,173236,27907258,new-chancellor-meets-old-resentments-polish-pm-receives-olaf.html?disableRedirects=true">Archived</a> from the original on 19 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gazeta+Wyborcza&rft.atitle=New+Chancellor+Meets+Old+Resentments.+Polish+PM+Receives+Olaf+Scholz+in+Warsaw%2C+Talks+of+War+Reparations+and+a+%22Europe+of+Sovereign+States%22&rft.date=2021-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwyborcza.pl%2F7%2C173236%2C27907258%2Cnew-chancellor-meets-old-resentments-polish-pm-receives-olaf.html%3FdisableRedirects%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/europe/2017/08/17/polands-ruling-party-picks-a-fight-with-germany">"Poland's ruling party picks a fight with Germany"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. 17 August 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241001140152/https://www.economist.com/europe/2017/08/17/polands-ruling-party-picks-a-fight-with-germany">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Poland%27s+ruling+party+picks+a+fight+with+Germany&rft.date=2021-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Feurope%2F2017%2F08%2F17%2Fpolands-ruling-party-picks-a-fight-with-germany&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article167319391/Polens-Regierung-prueft-Reparationsforderungen-an-Deutschland.html">"Zweiter Weltkrieg: Polens Regierung prüft Reparationsforderungen an Deutschland"</a>. <i>DIE WELT</i>. 2 August 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190329075051/https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article167319391/Polens-Regierung-prueft-Reparationsforderungen-an-Deutschland.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DIE+WELT&rft.atitle=Zweiter+Weltkrieg%3A+Polens+Regierung+pr%C3%BCft+Reparationsforderungen+an+Deutschland&rft.date=2017-08-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fpolitik%2Fausland%2Farticle167319391%2FPolens-Regierung-prueft-Reparationsforderungen-an-Deutschland.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-politico-2021-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-politico-2021_123-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-politico-2021_123-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-politico-2021_123-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/scholz-morawiecki-poland-rule-of-law-conflict/">"Leaders of Poland, Germany call for 'swift' solution to Warsaw's rule of law row with EU"</a>. <i>Politico</i>. 13 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211221205620/https://www.politico.eu/article/scholz-morawiecki-poland-rule-of-law-conflict/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Leaders+of+Poland%2C+Germany+call+for+%27swift%27+solution+to+Warsaw%27s+rule+of+law+row+with+EU&rft.date=2021-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fscholz-morawiecki-poland-rule-of-law-conflict%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBennhold2022" class="citation news cs1">Bennhold, Katrin (25 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/25/world/europe/germany-russia-nato-ukraine.html">"Where Is Germany in the Ukraine Standoff? Its Allies Wonder"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220413180202/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/25/world/europe/germany-russia-nato-ukraine.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Where+Is+Germany+in+the+Ukraine+Standoff%3F+Its+Allies+Wonder.&rft.date=2022-01-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Bennhold&rft.aufirst=Katrin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F01%2F25%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fgermany-russia-nato-ukraine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc20-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc20_125-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60155002">"Why Germany isn't sending weapons to Ukraine"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 28 January 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220129151216/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60155002">Archived</a> from the original on 29 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Why+Germany+isn%27t+sending+weapons+to+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-60155002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tass15-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tass15_126-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.com/world/1403949">"Way out of crisis in Ukraine is implementation of Steinmeier formula — Scholz"</a>. TASS. 15 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230325170540/https://tass.com/world/1403949">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Way+out+of+crisis+in+Ukraine+is+implementation+of+Steinmeier+formula+%E2%80%94+Scholz&rft.date=2022-02-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.com%2Fworld%2F1403949&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marca.com/en/lifestyle/world-news/2022/02/26/6219f7f146163fe5598b45fe.html">"Russia Ukraine news Live: Street fighting begins in Kyiv"</a>. <i>Marca</i>. 26 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220422225531/https://www.marca.com/en/lifestyle/world-news/2022/02/26/6219f7f146163fe5598b45fe.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marca&rft.atitle=Russia+Ukraine+news+Live%3A+Street+fighting+begins+in+Kyiv&rft.date=2022-02-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marca.com%2Fen%2Flifestyle%2Fworld-news%2F2022%2F02%2F26%2F6219f7f146163fe5598b45fe.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dwf6-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dwf6_128-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/fact-check-does-germany-send-weapons-to-crisis-regions/a-60701220">"Fact check: Does Germany send weapons to crisis regions?"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 6 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220511001851/https://www.dw.com/en/fact-check-does-germany-send-weapons-to-crisis-regions/a-60701220">Archived</a> from the original on 11 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Fact+check%3A+Does+Germany+send+weapons+to+crisis+regions%3F&rft.date=2022-02-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Ffact-check-does-germany-send-weapons-to-crisis-regions%2Fa-60701220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/02/27/putin-war-ukraine-germany-scholz-revolution/">"Putin Accidentally Started a Revolution in Germany"</a>. <i>FP</i>. 27 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240709035850/https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/02/27/putin-war-ukraine-germany-scholz-revolution/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FP&rft.atitle=Putin+Accidentally+Started+a+Revolution+in+Germany&rft.date=2022-02-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2022%2F02%2F27%2Fputin-war-ukraine-germany-scholz-revolution%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/experts-react-whats-behind-germanys-stunning-foreign-policy-shift/">"Experts React: What's behind Germany's stunning foreign-policy shift?"</a>. <i>Atlantic Council</i>. 28 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002143733/https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/experts-react-whats-behind-germanys-stunning-foreign-policy-shift/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atlantic+Council&rft.atitle=Experts+React%3A+What%27s+behind+Germany%27s+stunning+foreign-policy+shift%3F&rft.date=2022-02-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlanticcouncil.org%2Fblogs%2Fnew-atlanticist%2Fexperts-react-whats-behind-germanys-stunning-foreign-policy-shift%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dw.com-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dw.com_131-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dw.com_131-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dw.com_131-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-chancellor-scholz-vows-to-help-ukraine-in-speech-to-parliament/a-61227132">"Germany: Chancellor Scholz vows to help Ukraine in speech to parliament"</a>. <i>DW</i>. 23 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002123753/https://www.dw.com/en/germany-chancellor-scholz-vows-to-help-ukraine-in-speech-to-parliament/a-61227132">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DW&rft.atitle=Germany%3A+Chancellor+Scholz+vows+to+help+Ukraine+in+speech+to+parliament&rft.date=2022-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermany-chancellor-scholz-vows-to-help-ukraine-in-speech-to-parliament%2Fa-61227132&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVon_Der_Burchard2022" class="citation web cs1">Von Der Burchard, Hans (26 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/pressure-on-germany-to-drop-opposition-to-russia-swift-ban-ukraine-war/">"Pressure mounts on Germany to drop rejection of SWIFT ban for Russia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002123757/https://www.politico.eu/article/pressure-on-germany-to-drop-opposition-to-russia-swift-ban-ukraine-war/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Pressure+mounts+on+Germany+to+drop+rejection+of+SWIFT+ban+for+Russia&rft.date=2022-02-26&rft.aulast=Von+Der+Burchard&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fpressure-on-germany-to-drop-opposition-to-russia-swift-ban-ukraine-war%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/europe-is-behind-a-wall-again-zelenskyy-tells-bundestag/a-61156127">"Europe is 'behind a wall again,' Zelenskyy tells Bundestag"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 17 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230114141012/https://www.dw.com/en/europe-is-behind-a-wall-again-zelenskyy-tells-bundestag/a-61156127">Archived</a> from the original on 14 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Europe+is+%27behind+a+wall+again%2C%27+Zelenskyy+tells+Bundestag&rft.date=2022-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Feurope-is-behind-a-wall-again-zelenskyy-tells-bundestag%2Fa-61156127&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWrede2022" class="citation news cs1">Wrede, Insa (3 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/does-germany-really-need-lng-terminals/a-61005220">"Does Germany really need LNG terminals?"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002123755/https://www.dw.com/en/does-germany-really-need-lng-terminals/a-61005220">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Does+Germany+really+need+LNG+terminals%3F&rft.date=2022-03-03&rft.aulast=Wrede&rft.aufirst=Insa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fdoes-germany-really-need-lng-terminals%2Fa-61005220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/germany-goes-on-a-mission-to-secure-supplies-of-qatari-gas/">"Germany goes on a mission to secure supplies of Qatari gas"</a>. <i>Euractiv</i>. 21 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240725195732/https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/germany-goes-on-a-mission-to-secure-supplies-of-qatari-gas/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Euractiv&rft.atitle=Germany+goes+on+a+mission+to+secure+supplies+of+Qatari+gas&rft.date=2022-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euractiv.com%2Fsection%2Fenergy%2Fnews%2Fgermany-goes-on-a-mission-to-secure-supplies-of-qatari-gas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/german-minister-heads-to-qatar-to-seek-gas-alternatives/a-61184188">"German minister heads to Qatar to seek gas alternatives"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 19 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220608005348/https://www.dw.com/en/german-minister-heads-to-qatar-to-seek-gas-alternatives/a-61184188">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=German+minister+heads+to+Qatar+to+seek+gas+alternatives&rft.date=2022-03-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgerman-minister-heads-to-qatar-to-seek-gas-alternatives%2Fa-61184188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/germany-qatar-russian-gas-partnership-ukraine/31762093.html">"Germany Signs Energy Deal With Qatar As It Seeks To reduce Reliance On Russian Supplies"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a></i>. 20 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220526055714/https://www.rferl.org/a/germany-qatar-russian-gas-partnership-ukraine/31762093.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Free+Europe%2FRadio+Liberty&rft.atitle=Germany+Signs+Energy+Deal+With+Qatar+As+It+Seeks+To+reduce+Reliance+On+Russian+Supplies&rft.date=2022-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fa%2Fgermany-qatar-russian-gas-partnership-ukraine%2F31762093.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBennhold2022" class="citation news cs1">Bennhold, Katrin (6 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/06/world/europe/germany-gas-russia-ukraine.html">"The End of the (Pipe)line? Germany Scrambles to Wean Itself Off Russian Gas"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407014108/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/06/world/europe/germany-gas-russia-ukraine.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+End+of+the+%28Pipe%29line%3F+Germany+Scrambles+to+Wean+Itself+Off+Russian+Gas&rft.date=2022-04-06&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Bennhold&rft.aufirst=Katrin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F04%2F06%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fgermany-gas-russia-ukraine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWintour2022" class="citation news cs1">Wintour, Patrick (9 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/08/germany-russian-gas-imports-olaf-scholz-boris-johnson-ukraine">"Germany will stop importing Russian gas 'very soon', says Olaf Scholz"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002123758/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/08/germany-russian-gas-imports-olaf-scholz-boris-johnson-ukraine">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Germany+will+stop+importing+Russian+gas+%27very+soon%27%2C+says+Olaf+Scholz&rft.date=2022-04-09&rft.aulast=Wintour&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2022%2Fapr%2F08%2Fgermany-russian-gas-imports-olaf-scholz-boris-johnson-ukraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNienaberDelfs2022" class="citation news cs1">Nienaber, Michael; Delfs, Arne (6 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-06/scholz-shoots-down-appeal-to-reverse-germany-s-nuclear-exit">"Scholz Shoots Down Appeal to Reverse Germany's Nuclear Exit"</a>. <i>Bloomberg News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+News&rft.atitle=Scholz+Shoots+Down+Appeal+to+Reverse+Germany%27s+Nuclear+Exit&rft.date=2022-04-06&rft.aulast=Nienaber&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Delfs%2C+Arne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2022-04-06%2Fscholz-shoots-down-appeal-to-reverse-germany-s-nuclear-exit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKaonga2022" class="citation news cs1">Kaonga, Gerrard (7 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsweek.com/eu-strategy-vladimir-putin-viral-video-guy-vehofstadt-speech-european-union-1695927">"European Lawmaker Berates EU Strategy Against Putin in Viral Video"</a>. <i>Newsweek</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002123756/https://www.newsweek.com/eu-strategy-vladimir-putin-viral-video-guy-vehofstadt-speech-european-union-1695927">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsweek&rft.atitle=European+Lawmaker+Berates+EU+Strategy+Against+Putin+in+Viral+Video&rft.date=2022-04-07&rft.aulast=Kaonga&rft.aufirst=Gerrard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Feu-strategy-vladimir-putin-viral-video-guy-vehofstadt-speech-european-union-1695927&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedefensepost.com/2022/04/17/germany-military-aid-ukraine/">"Germany to Provide Over 1 Billion Euros' Military Aid to Ukraine"</a>. <i>Defense News</i>. 17 April 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226222401/https://www.thedefensepost.com/2022/04/17/germany-military-aid-ukraine/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 February 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+News&rft.atitle=Germany+to+Provide+Over+1+Billion+Euros%27+Military+Aid+to+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedefensepost.com%2F2022%2F04%2F17%2Fgermany-military-aid-ukraine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSaxena2022" class="citation news cs1">Saxena, Astha (8 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1593024/Olaf-Scholz-germany-tanks-ukraine-russia-ont">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Disgrace' German Chancellor slammed over delay in sending high-end tanks to Ukraine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Express" title="Daily Express">Daily Express</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002144222/https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1593024/Olaf-Scholz-germany-tanks-ukraine-russia-ont">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Express&rft.atitle=%27Disgrace%27+German+Chancellor+slammed+over+delay+in+sending+high-end+tanks+to+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-04-08&rft.aulast=Saxena&rft.aufirst=Astha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.express.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F1593024%2FOlaf-Scholz-germany-tanks-ukraine-russia-ont&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVon_der_Burchard2022" class="citation web cs1">Von der Burchard, Hans (7 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/scholz-holds-up-german-tank-delivery-to-ukraine/">"Scholz holds up German tank deliveries to Ukraine"</a>. <i>POLITICO</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240926115154/https://www.politico.eu/article/scholz-holds-up-german-tank-delivery-to-ukraine/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=POLITICO&rft.atitle=Scholz+holds+up+German+tank+deliveries+to+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-04-07&rft.aulast=Von+der+Burchard&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fscholz-holds-up-german-tank-delivery-to-ukraine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/olaf-scholz-ukraine-wont-accept-russian-dictatorship/a-61724145">"Olaf Scholz: Ukraine won't accept Russian dictatorship"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 8 May 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230827201606/https://www.dw.com/en/olaf-scholz-ukraine-wont-accept-russian-dictatorship/a-61724145">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz%3A+Ukraine+won%27t+accept+Russian+dictatorship&rft.date=2022-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Folaf-scholz-ukraine-wont-accept-russian-dictatorship%2Fa-61724145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKinkartzHasselbach2022" class="citation web cs1">Kinkartz, Sabine; Hasselbach, Christoph (14 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-olaf-scholz-expected-to-visit-ukraine/a-62119507">"Germany's Olaf Scholz expected to visit Ukraine"</a>. <i>DW</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616040505/https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-olaf-scholz-expected-to-visit-ukraine/a-62119507">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DW&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Olaf+Scholz+expected+to+visit+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-06-14&rft.aulast=Kinkartz&rft.aufirst=Sabine&rft.au=Hasselbach%2C+Christoph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermanys-olaf-scholz-expected-to-visit-ukraine%2Fa-62119507&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDarmaninCaulcuttMiller2022" class="citation web cs1">Darmanin, Jules; Caulcutt, Clea; Miller, Christopher (16 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/macron-scholz-draghi-kyiv-visit-zelenskyy-ukraine/">"Macron, Scholz and Draghi meet Zelenskyy in Kyiv during historic visit"</a>. <i>POLITICO</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616055810/https://www.politico.eu/article/macron-scholz-draghi-kyiv-visit-zelenskyy-ukraine/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=POLITICO&rft.atitle=Macron%2C+Scholz+and+Draghi+meet+Zelenskyy+in+Kyiv+during+historic+visit&rft.date=2022-06-16&rft.aulast=Darmanin&rft.aufirst=Jules&rft.au=Caulcutt%2C+Clea&rft.au=Miller%2C+Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fmacron-scholz-draghi-kyiv-visit-zelenskyy-ukraine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPietsch2022" class="citation news cs1">Pietsch, Bryan (3 May 2022). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/05/03/germany-olaf-scholz-ukraine-zelensky-steinmeier/">"German chancellor rejects Kyiv visit — but his main rival is set to go"</a></span>. <i>Washington Post</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=German+chancellor+rejects+Kyiv+visit+%E2%80%94+but+his+main+rival+is+set+to+go&rft.date=2022-05-03&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Pietsch&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2F2022%2F05%2F03%2Fgermany-olaf-scholz-ukraine-zelensky-steinmeier%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-kyiv-berlin-europe-frank-walter-steinmeier-8326c96415f84f688f5a57e511daa941">"German opposition leader visits Kyiv, Scholz refuses to go"</a>. <i>AP NEWS</i>. 3 May 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616040914/https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-kyiv-berlin-europe-frank-walter-steinmeier-8326c96415f84f688f5a57e511daa941">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+NEWS&rft.atitle=German+opposition+leader+visits+Kyiv%2C+Scholz+refuses+to+go&rft.date=2022-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Frussia-ukraine-kyiv-berlin-europe-frank-walter-steinmeier-8326c96415f84f688f5a57e511daa941&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mitzer-2022-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mitzer-2022_150-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mitzer-2022_150-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mitzer-2022_150-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMitzerOliemans2022" class="citation web cs1">Mitzer, Stijn; Oliemans, Joost (1 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2022/09/fact-sheet-on-german-military-aid-to.html">"Fact Sheet On German Military Aid To Ukraine"</a>. <i>Oryx</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220902003212/https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2022/09/fact-sheet-on-german-military-aid-to.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oryx&rft.atitle=Fact+Sheet+On+German+Military+Aid+To+Ukraine&rft.date=2022-09-01&rft.aulast=Mitzer&rft.aufirst=Stijn&rft.au=Oliemans%2C+Joost&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oryxspioenkop.com%2F2022%2F09%2Ffact-sheet-on-german-military-aid-to.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/german-chancellor-olaf-scholz-defends-decision-to-send-battle-tanks-to-ukraine/a-64509633">"Scholz defends decision to send battle tanks to Ukraine"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 25 January 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240915210544/https://www.dw.com/en/german-chancellor-olaf-scholz-defends-decision-to-send-battle-tanks-to-ukraine/a-64509633">Archived</a> from the original on 15 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Scholz+defends+decision+to+send+battle+tanks+to+Ukraine&rft.date=2024-01-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgerman-chancellor-olaf-scholz-defends-decision-to-send-battle-tanks-to-ukraine%2Fa-64509633&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2024/05/31/berlin-allows-ukraine-to-fire-german-weapons-at-targets-in-russia_6673279_4.html">"Berlin allows Ukraine to fire German weapons at targets in Russia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a></i>. 31 May 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240812095641/https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2024/05/31/berlin-allows-ukraine-to-fire-german-weapons-at-targets-in-russia_6673279_4.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 August 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Berlin+allows+Ukraine+to+fire+German+weapons+at+targets+in+Russia&rft.date=2024-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fen%2Finternational%2Farticle%2F2024%2F05%2F31%2Fberlin-allows-ukraine-to-fire-german-weapons-at-targets-in-russia_6673279_4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian-missiles-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-guardian-missiles_153-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guardian-missiles_153-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jul/28/putin-warns-us-against-deploying-long-range-missiles-in-germany">"Putin warns US against deploying long-range missiles in Germany"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 28 July 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002143735/https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jul/28/putin-warns-us-against-deploying-long-range-missiles-in-germany">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Putin+warns+US+against+deploying+long-range+missiles+in+Germany&rft.date=2024-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2Farticle%2F2024%2Fjul%2F28%2Fputin-warns-us-against-deploying-long-range-missiles-in-germany&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/a-new-arms-race-in-europe-us-long-range-weapons-in-germany/a-69648733">"A new arms race in Europe? US long-range weapons in Germany"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 13 July 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241001221716/https://www.dw.com/en/a-new-arms-race-in-europe-us-long-range-weapons-in-germany/a-69648733">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=A+new+arms+race+in+Europe%3F+US+long-range+weapons+in+Germany&rft.date=2024-07-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fa-new-arms-race-in-europe-us-long-range-weapons-in-germany%2Fa-69648733&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/olaf-scholz-germany-american-long-range-missiles-social-democratic-party-bundestag-russia/">"Germany's Scholz under friendly fire over US missile plan"</a>. <i>Politico</i>. 31 July 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240926022350/https://www.politico.eu/article/olaf-scholz-germany-american-long-range-missiles-social-democratic-party-bundestag-russia/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Scholz+under+friendly+fire+over+US+missile+plan&rft.date=2024-07-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Folaf-scholz-germany-american-long-range-missiles-social-democratic-party-bundestag-russia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-split-on-us-stationing-long-range-cruise-missiles/a-69638145">"Germany split on US stationing long-range cruise missiles"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 11 July 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240928145803/https://www.dw.com/en/germany-split-on-us-stationing-long-range-cruise-missiles/a-69638145">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Germany+split+on+US+stationing+long-range+cruise+missiles&rft.date=2024-07-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermany-split-on-us-stationing-long-range-cruise-missiles%2Fa-69638145&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/11/russia-says-us-missiles-in-germany-signal-return-of-cold-war">"Russia says US missiles in Germany signal return of Cold War"</a>. <i>Al Jazeera</i>. 11 July 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002123752/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/11/russia-says-us-missiles-in-germany-signal-return-of-cold-war">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Russia+says+US+missiles+in+Germany+signal+return+of+Cold+War&rft.date=2024-07-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F7%2F11%2Frussia-says-us-missiles-in-germany-signal-return-of-cold-war&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEscrittRinke2024" class="citation web cs1">Escritt, Thomas; Rinke, Andreas (15 November 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germanys-scholz-russias-putin-hold-phone-call-friday-bloomberg-reports-2024-11-15/">"Germany's Scholz calls Putin, ending Western isolation over Ukraine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Scholz+calls+Putin%2C+ending+Western+isolation+over+Ukraine&rft.date=2024-11-15&rft.aulast=Escritt&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.au=Rinke%2C+Andreas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fgermanys-scholz-russias-putin-hold-phone-call-friday-bloomberg-reports-2024-11-15%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c7v3r046pzzo">"German coalition collapses after Scholz fires key minister"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. 7 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=German+coalition+collapses+after+Scholz+fires+key+minister&rft.date=2024-11-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fc7v3r046pzzo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/german-coalition-government-collapse-olaf-scholz-demands-for-economic-growth-v2/a-70729251">"German government crisis: Businesses demand economic fixes"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 7 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=German+government+crisis%3A+Businesses+demand+economic+fixes&rft.date=2024-11-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgerman-coalition-government-collapse-olaf-scholz-demands-for-economic-growth-v2%2Fa-70729251&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPieper2024" class="citation web cs1">Pieper, Oliver (16 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/german-housing-crisis-finding-a-home-like-winning-the-lottery/a-68840785">"German housing crisis: 'Like winning the lottery!'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241009001207/https://www.dw.com/en/german-housing-crisis-finding-a-home-like-winning-the-lottery/a-68840785">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=German+housing+crisis%3A+%27Like+winning+the+lottery%21%27&rft.date=2024-04-16&rft.aulast=Pieper&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgerman-housing-crisis-finding-a-home-like-winning-the-lottery%2Fa-68840785&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/scholz-must-forge-new-policy-save-german-industry-2024-10-16/">"Germany must forge new policy to save its industry, says Scholz"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 16 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Germany+must+forge+new+policy+to+save+its+industry%2C+says+Scholz&rft.date=2024-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fscholz-must-forge-new-policy-save-german-industry-2024-10-16%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/volkswagen-plant-closures-not-right-way-germanys-scholz-says-2024-12-07/">"Volkswagen plant closures 'not the right way', Germany's Scholz says"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 7 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Volkswagen+plant+closures+%27not+the+right+way%27%2C+Germany%27s+Scholz+says&rft.date=2024-12-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fautos-transportation%2Fvolkswagen-plant-closures-not-right-way-germanys-scholz-says-2024-12-07%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20241210-germany-s-scholz-calls-for-europe-ev-subsidy-plan">"Germany's Scholz calls for Europe EV subsidy plan"</a>. <i>France 24</i>. 10 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=France+24&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Scholz+calls+for+Europe+EV+subsidy+plan&rft.date=2024-12-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2Flive-news%2F20241210-germany-s-scholz-calls-for-europe-ev-subsidy-plan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/scholz-promises-help-for-steel-industy-urges-eu-action/a-71007459">"Scholz promises help for steel industy, urges EU action"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 9 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Scholz+promises+help+for+steel+industy%2C+urges+EU+action&rft.date=2024-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fscholz-promises-help-for-steel-industy-urges-eu-action%2Fa-71007459&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/09/17/not-so-well-liked-who-are-europes-most-unpopular-leaders">"Not-so-well-liked: Who are Europe's most unpopular leaders?"</a>. <i>Euronews</i>. 17 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Euronews&rft.atitle=Not-so-well-liked%3A+Who+are+Europe%27s+most+unpopular+leaders%3F&rft.date=2024-09-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euronews.com%2Fmy-europe%2F2024%2F09%2F17%2Fnot-so-well-liked-who-are-europes-most-unpopular-leaders&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/corona-regeln-mpk-bund-laender-100.html">"2G und Impfen: Das sind die neuen Maßnahmen"</a> [2G and vaccination: these are the new measures]. <i><a href="/wiki/ZDF" title="ZDF">ZDF</a></i> (in German). 2 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211230200642/https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/corona-regeln-mpk-bund-laender-100.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ZDF&rft.atitle=2G+und+Impfen%3A+Das+sind+die+neuen+Ma%C3%9Fnahmen&rft.date=2021-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdf.de%2Fnachrichten%2Fpolitik%2Fcorona-regeln-mpk-bund-laender-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/info/bundlaenderberatungen100_page-3.html">"Wegen Omikron: Bald auch strengere Corona-Regeln für Geimpfte"</a> [Because of Omicron: Stricter corona rules soon also for vaccinated]. <i><a href="/wiki/Norddeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Norddeutscher Rundfunk">NDR</a></i> (in German). 24 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211226071233/https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/info/bundlaenderberatungen100_page-3.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NDR&rft.atitle=Wegen+Omikron%3A+Bald+auch+strengere+Corona-Regeln+f%C3%BCr+Geimpfte&rft.date=2021-12-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndr.de%2Fnachrichten%2Finfo%2Fbundlaenderberatungen100_page-3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.t-online.de/nachrichten/deutschland/id_91248972/corona-gipfel-olaf-scholz-will-jetzt-drastisch-reagieren-.html">"Corona-Gipfel: Olaf Scholz will jetzt drastisch reagieren"</a> [Corona Summit: Olaf Scholz wants to react dramatically]. <i><a href="/wiki/T-Online" title="T-Online">T-Online</a></i> (in German). 2 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211226071227/https://www.t-online.de/nachrichten/deutschland/id_91248972/corona-gipfel-olaf-scholz-will-jetzt-drastisch-reagieren-.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=T-Online&rft.atitle=Corona-Gipfel%3A+Olaf+Scholz+will+jetzt+drastisch+reagieren&rft.date=2021-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.t-online.de%2Fnachrichten%2Fdeutschland%2Fid_91248972%2Fcorona-gipfel-olaf-scholz-will-jetzt-drastisch-reagieren-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rnd.de/politik/olaf-scholz-fuer-generelle-corona-impfpflicht-und-2g-im-einzelhandel-SSMPCTBM6JDURLTOB5HU7LATAA.html">"Olaf Scholz für generelle Corona-Impfpflicht und 2G im Einzelhandel"</a> [Olaf Scholz for general corona vaccinations and 2G in retail]. <i><a href="/wiki/RedaktionsNetzwerk_Deutschland" title="RedaktionsNetzwerk Deutschland">RND</a></i> (in German). 30 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002143733/https://www.rnd.de/politik/olaf-scholz-fuer-generelle-corona-impfpflicht-und-2g-im-einzelhandel-SSMPCTBM6JDURLTOB5HU7LATAA.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RND&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz+f%C3%BCr+generelle+Corona-Impfpflicht+und+2G+im+Einzelhandel&rft.date=2021-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnd.de%2Fpolitik%2Folaf-scholz-fuer-generelle-corona-impfpflicht-und-2g-im-einzelhandel-SSMPCTBM6JDURLTOB5HU7LATAA.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBecker2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Becker, Tobias (1 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211226071225/https://www.merkur.de/verbraucher/corona-regeln-2g-einkaufen-pflicht-droht-scholz-zyx-zr-91151057.html">"Nächster Corona-Hammer droht: Scholz will 2G-Pflicht beim Einkaufen"</a> [Nearest Corona Hammer threatens: Scholz wants 2G duty when shopping]. <i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnchner_Merkur" title="Münchner Merkur">Merkur.de</a></i> (in German). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merkur.de/verbraucher/corona-regeln-2g-einkaufen-pflicht-droht-scholz-zyx-zr-91151057.html">the original</a> on 26 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Merkur.de&rft.atitle=N%C3%A4chster+Corona-Hammer+droht%3A+Scholz+will+2G-Pflicht+beim+Einkaufen&rft.date=2021-12-01&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Tobias&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merkur.de%2Fverbraucher%2Fcorona-regeln-2g-einkaufen-pflicht-droht-scholz-zyx-zr-91151057.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNasrAlkousaa2022" class="citation news cs1">Nasr, Joseph; Alkousaa, Riham (12 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-germany-politics-scholz-mandatory-vac-idUSKBN2JM1HS">"Germany's Scholz urges compulsory COVID-19 jabs for all adults"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220326040821/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-germany-politics-scholz-mandatory-vac-idUSKBN2JM1HS">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Scholz+urges+compulsory+COVID-19+jabs+for+all+adults&rft.date=2022-01-12&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.au=Alkousaa%2C+Riham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-germany-politics-scholz-mandatory-vac-idUSKBN2JM1HS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOelofse2022" class="citation web cs1">Oelofse, Louis (23 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/german-chancellor-olaf-scholz-eyes-covid-vaccine-mandate/a-60531098">"German Chancellor Olaf Scholz eyes COVID vaccine mandate"</a>. <i>DW</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417003617/https://www.dw.com/en/german-chancellor-olaf-scholz-eyes-covid-vaccine-mandate/a-60531098">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DW&rft.atitle=German+Chancellor+Olaf+Scholz+eyes+COVID+vaccine+mandate&rft.date=2022-01-23&rft.aulast=Oelofse&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgerman-chancellor-olaf-scholz-eyes-covid-vaccine-mandate%2Fa-60531098&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStaiano-Daniels2022" class="citation web cs1">Staiano-Daniels, Lucian (12 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/02/12/germany-vaccines-soviets-afd/">"The Far-Right Has Turned East Germans Against Vaccines"</a>. <i>Foreign Policy</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220221154849/https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/02/12/germany-vaccines-soviets-afd/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=The+Far-Right+Has+Turned+East+Germans+Against+Vaccines&rft.date=2022-02-12&rft.aulast=Staiano-Daniels&rft.aufirst=Lucian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2022%2F02%2F12%2Fgermany-vaccines-soviets-afd%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-new-chancellor-olaf-scholz-briefs-bundestag-for-the-first-time/a-60124735">"Chancellor Scholz briefs parliament for first time"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 15 December 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002124308/https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-new-chancellor-olaf-scholz-briefs-bundestag-for-the-first-time/a-60124735">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Chancellor+Scholz+briefs+parliament+for+first+time&rft.date=2024-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermanys-new-chancellor-olaf-scholz-briefs-bundestag-for-the-first-time%2Fa-60124735&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-asylum-applications-rose-sharply-in-2023/a-67928269">"Germany: Asylum applications rose sharply in 2023"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 9 January 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240906030650/https://www.dw.com/en/germany-asylum-applications-rose-sharply-in-2023/a-67928269">Archived</a> from the original on 6 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Germany%3A+Asylum+applications+rose+sharply+in+2023&rft.date=2024-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermany-asylum-applications-rose-sharply-in-2023%2Fa-67928269&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/migration-italy-lampedusa-3b47cdacb91c2d72f99b11aa396a6d59">"What's behind the surge in migrant arrivals to Italy?"</a>. <i>AP News</i>. 15 September 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230918093328/https://apnews.com/article/migration-italy-lampedusa-3b47cdacb91c2d72f99b11aa396a6d59">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=What%27s+behind+the+surge+in+migrant+arrivals+to+Italy%3F&rft.date=2023-09-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fmigration-italy-lampedusa-3b47cdacb91c2d72f99b11aa396a6d59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tvpworld.com/72767469/germany-agrees-to-accept-some-migrants-from-italy-amid-lampedusa-crisis">"Germany agrees to accept some migrants from Italy amid Lampedusa crisis"</a>. <i>Telewizja Polska</i>. 16 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Telewizja+Polska&rft.atitle=Germany+agrees+to+accept+some+migrants+from+Italy+amid+Lampedusa+crisis&rft.date=2023-09-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftvpworld.com%2F72767469%2Fgermany-agrees-to-accept-some-migrants-from-italy-amid-lampedusa-crisis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2025">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-net-immigration-sinks-sharply-in-2023/a-69489487">"Germany: Net immigration sinks sharply in 2023"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 27 June 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002124305/https://www.dw.com/en/germany-net-immigration-sinks-sharply-in-2023/a-69489487">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Germany%3A+Net+immigration+sinks+sharply+in+2023&rft.date=2024-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermany-net-immigration-sinks-sharply-in-2023%2Fa-69489487&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-no-asylum-for-russian-draft-dodgers/a-68863537">"Germany: No asylum for Russian draft dodgers?"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 19 April 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240915210544/https://www.dw.com/en/germany-no-asylum-for-russian-draft-dodgers/a-68863537">Archived</a> from the original on 15 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Germany%3A+No+asylum+for+Russian+draft+dodgers%3F&rft.date=2024-04-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermany-no-asylum-for-russian-draft-dodgers%2Fa-68863537&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights">"Universal Declaration of Human Rights"</a>. <i>United Nations</i>. 10 December 1948<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Nations&rft.atitle=Universal+Declaration+of+Human+Rights&rft.date=1948-12-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fabout-us%2Funiversal-declaration-of-human-rights&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gg16a-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gg16a_182-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/gg/art_16a.html">"Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Art 16a"</a>. <i>Bundesminister der Justiz, Bundesrepublik Deutschland</i>. 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesminister+der+Justiz%2C+Bundesrepublik+Deutschland&rft.atitle=Grundgesetz+f%C3%BCr+die+Bundesrepublik+Deutschland%3A+Art+16a&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de%2Fgg%2Fart_16a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gg56-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gg56_183-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/gg/art_56.html">"Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Art 56"</a>. <i>Bundesminister der Justiz, Bundesrepublik Deutschland</i>. 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesminister+der+Justiz%2C+Bundesrepublik+Deutschland&rft.atitle=Grundgesetz+f%C3%BCr+die+Bundesrepublik+Deutschland%3A+Art+56&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de%2Fgg%2Fart_56.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/bundestag-olaf-scholz-leistet-amtseid-als-bundeskanzler-a-c06bef1f-713e-4e4e-b1f6-d05daae17da2">"Bundeskanzler Olaf Scholz leistet Amtseid im Bundestag"</a>. <i>Spiegel</i>. 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Spiegel&rft.atitle=Bundeskanzler+Olaf+Scholz+leistet+Amtseid+im+Bundestag&rft.date=2021-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Fbundestag-olaf-scholz-leistet-amtseid-als-bundeskanzler-a-c06bef1f-713e-4e4e-b1f6-d05daae17da2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/olaf-scholz-stresses-germanys-need-for-immigrants/a-70187337">"Olaf Scholz stresses Germany's need for immigrants"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 11 September 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240926210034/https://www.dw.com/en/olaf-scholz-stresses-germanys-need-for-immigrants/a-70187337">Archived</a> from the original on 26 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz+stresses+Germany%27s+need+for+immigrants&rft.date=2024-09-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Folaf-scholz-stresses-germanys-need-for-immigrants%2Fa-70187337&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcGuinness2024" class="citation news cs1">McGuinness, Damien (26 August 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cj081mrlm7eo">"Scholz vows to speed up deportations after Solingen stabbings"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240826200404/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cj081mrlm7eo">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Scholz+vows+to+speed+up+deportations+after+Solingen+stabbings&rft.date=2024-08-26&rft.aulast=McGuinness&rft.aufirst=Damien&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fcj081mrlm7eo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/09/11/serious-politics-scholz-backs-governments-migration-policies">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Serious politics': Scholz backs government's migration policies"</a>. <i>Euronews</i>. 11 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Euronews&rft.atitle=%27Serious+politics%27%3A+Scholz+backs+government%27s+migration+policies&rft.date=2024-09-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euronews.com%2Fmy-europe%2F2024%2F09%2F11%2Fserious-politics-scholz-backs-governments-migration-policies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/german-chancellor-praises-well-integrated-immigrants-in-party-meeting/3409703">"German chancellor praises 'well-integrated' immigrants in party meeting"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Anadolu_Agency" title="Anadolu Agency">Anadolu Agency</a></i>. 30 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anadolu+Agency&rft.atitle=German+chancellor+praises+%27well-integrated%27+immigrants+in+party+meeting&rft.date=2024-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aa.com.tr%2Fen%2Feurope%2Fgerman-chancellor-praises-well-integrated-immigrants-in-party-meeting%2F3409703&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/14/europe/germany-kenyan-workers-migration-deal-intl/index.html">"Germany opens its doors to Kenyan workers in controlled migration deal"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. 14 September 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002124300/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/14/europe/germany-kenyan-workers-migration-deal-intl/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Germany+opens+its+doors+to+Kenyan+workers+in+controlled+migration+deal&rft.date=2024-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2024%2F09%2F14%2Feurope%2Fgermany-kenyan-workers-migration-deal-intl%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4gegkkg14ko">"Germany to welcome Kenyans in labour deal"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. 14 September 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240930012314/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4gegkkg14ko">Archived</a> from the original on 30 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Germany+to+welcome+Kenyans+in+labour+deal&rft.date=2024-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fc4gegkkg14ko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gazettengr.com/germany-begins-recruiting-250000-bus-drivers-computer-repairers-from-kenya/">"Germany begins recruiting 250,000 bus drivers, computer repairers from Kenya"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Peoples_Gazette" title="Peoples Gazette">Peoples Gazette</a></i>. 13 September 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002124311/https://gazettengr.com/germany-begins-recruiting-250000-bus-drivers-computer-repairers-from-kenya/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Peoples+Gazette&rft.atitle=Germany+begins+recruiting+250%2C000+bus+drivers%2C+computer+repairers+from+Kenya&rft.date=2024-09-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgazettengr.com%2Fgermany-begins-recruiting-250000-bus-drivers-computer-repairers-from-kenya%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/how-is-germany-handling-its-migration-partnerships/a-68206296">"How is Germany handling its migration partnerships?"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 2 September 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002124309/https://www.dw.com/en/how-is-germany-handling-its-migration-partnerships/a-68206296">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=How+is+Germany+handling+its+migration+partnerships%3F&rft.date=2024-09-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fhow-is-germany-handling-its-migration-partnerships%2Fa-68206296&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-promises-india-more-visas-for-skilled-workers/a-70601884">"Germany promises India more visas for skilled workers"</a>. <i>Deutsche Welle</i>. 25 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Germany+promises+India+more+visas+for+skilled+workers&rft.date=2024-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fgermany-promises-india-more-visas-for-skilled-workers%2Fa-70601884&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/scholz-or-pistorius-germanys-spd-to-discuss-candidates/a-70824568">"Scholz or Pistorius: Germany's SPD to discuss candidates"</a>. <i>dw.com</i>. 19 November 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241125092229/https://www.dw.com/en/scholz-or-pistorius-germanys-spd-to-discuss-candidates/a-70824568">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=dw.com&rft.atitle=Scholz+or+Pistorius%3A+Germany%27s+SPD+to+discuss+candidates&rft.date=2024-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fscholz-or-pistorius-germanys-spd-to-discuss-candidates%2Fa-70824568&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRiesewieck2024" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Riesewieck, Florian (21 November 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/deutschlandtrend/deutschlandtrend-3446.html">"ARD-DeutschlandTrend: Die SPD und die K-Frage: Pistorius vor Scholz"</a> [ARD-DeutschlandTrend: The SPD and the K-question: Pistorius ahead of Scholz]. <i>tagesschau.de</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241121170330/https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/deutschlandtrend/deutschlandtrend-3446.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tagesschau.de&rft.atitle=ARD-DeutschlandTrend%3A+Die+SPD+und+die+K-Frage%3A+Pistorius+vor+Scholz&rft.date=2024-11-21&rft.aulast=Riesewieck&rft.aufirst=Florian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagesschau.de%2Finland%2Fdeutschlandtrend%2Fdeutschlandtrend-3446.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/pistorius-verzicht-kanzlerkandidatur-spd-100.html">"Pistorius wird nicht SPD-Kanzlerkandidat"</a> [Pistorius will not be SPD candidate for chancellor]. <i>tagesschau.de</i> (in German). 21 November 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241121190124/https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/pistorius-verzicht-kanzlerkandidatur-spd-100.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=tagesschau.de&rft.atitle=Pistorius+wird+nicht+SPD-Kanzlerkandidat&rft.date=2024-11-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagesschau.de%2Finland%2Finnenpolitik%2Fpistorius-verzicht-kanzlerkandidatur-spd-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/politik/spd-olaf-scholz-als-kanzlerkandidat-fuer-bundestagswahl-2025-nominiert-a-2a06a71b-4daf-4bf9-994b-092b07fc6cdb">"SPD: Olaf Scholz als Kanzlerkandidaten für Bundestagswahl 2025 nominiert"</a> [SPD: Olaf Scholz nominated as candidate for chancellor for 2025 federal election]. <i>Der Spiegel</i> (in German). 25 November 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241125130500/https://www.spiegel.de/politik/spd-olaf-scholz-als-kanzlerkandidat-fuer-bundestagswahl-2025-nominiert-a-2a06a71b-4daf-4bf9-994b-092b07fc6cdb">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=SPD%3A+Olaf+Scholz+als+Kanzlerkandidaten+f%C3%BCr+Bundestagswahl+2025+nominiert&rft.date=2024-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fpolitik%2Fspd-olaf-scholz-als-kanzlerkandidat-fuer-bundestagswahl-2025-nominiert-a-2a06a71b-4daf-4bf9-994b-092b07fc6cdb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/bundestagswahl/scholz-kanzlerkandidatur-bestaetigt-100.html">"SPD-Bundesparteitag bestätigt Olaf Scholz als Kanzlerkandidaten"</a> [SPD confirms Olaf Scholz as candidate for chancellor]. <i>tagesschau.de</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20250114223329/https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/bundestagswahl/scholz-kanzlerkandidatur-bestaetigt-100.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 January 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tagesschau.de&rft.atitle=SPD-Bundesparteitag+best%C3%A4tigt+Olaf+Scholz+als+Kanzlerkandidaten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagesschau.de%2Finland%2Fbundestagswahl%2Fscholz-kanzlerkandidatur-bestaetigt-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckg36pp6dpyo">"German Chancellor Olaf Scholz loses confidence vote"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. 16 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=German+Chancellor+Olaf+Scholz+loses+confidence+vote&rft.date=2024-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fckg36pp6dpyo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/germany-election-scholz-pistorius-chancellor-candidacy-8d05b09e4f02323971fa8754635de163">"Scholz is clear to seek a 2nd term as German leader after defense minister rules out a run"</a>. <i>AP News</i>. 22 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Scholz+is+clear+to+seek+a+2nd+term+as+German+leader+after+defense+minister+rules+out+a+run&rft.date=2024-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fgermany-election-scholz-pistorius-chancellor-candidacy-8d05b09e4f02323971fa8754635de163&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zeit.de/politik/deutschland/2025-02/spd-kanzler-olaf-scholz-bundestag-abgeordneter">"Olaf Scholz will Abgeordneter im Bundestag bleiben"</a>. <i>ZEIT online</i> (in German). 24 February 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ZEIT+online&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz+will+Abgeordneter+im+Bundestag+bleiben&rft.date=2025-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2F2025-02%2Fspd-kanzler-olaf-scholz-bundestag-abgeordneter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brost, M., & P. Dausend: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zeit.de/2013/26/olaf-scholz-scholzomat"><i>Olaf Scholz: Ich war der "Scholzomat".</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211027161612/https://www.zeit.de/2013/26/olaf-scholz-scholzomat">Archived</a> 27 October 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> In: <i>Zeit 26/2013</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zeit.de/politik/deutschland/2021-09/olaf-scholz-the-discreet-charm-of-the-scholzomat">The discreet charm of the Scholzomat</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025205251/https://www.zeit.de/politik/deutschland/2021-09/olaf-scholz-the-discreet-charm-of-the-scholzomat?utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F">Archived</a> 25 October 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> In: <i>Zeit</i>, 26 September 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stern.de/wirtschaft/geld/olaf-scholz-will-aktien-altersvorsorge-besteuern---eine-ganz-schlechte-idee-8954080.html">"Angriff auf die Mittelschicht: Warum Olaf Scholz' Aktiensteuer eine schlechte Idee ist"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Stern.de" class="mw-redirect" title="Stern.de">Stern.de</a></i>. 15 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211540/https://www.stern.de/wirtschaft/geld/olaf-scholz-will-aktien-altersvorsorge-besteuern---eine-ganz-schlechte-idee-8954080.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stern.de&rft.atitle=Angriff+auf+die+Mittelschicht%3A+Warum+Olaf+Scholz%27+Aktiensteuer+eine+schlechte+Idee+ist&rft.date=2019-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stern.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Fgeld%2Folaf-scholz-will-aktien-altersvorsorge-besteuern---eine-ganz-schlechte-idee-8954080.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEckert2019" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Eckert, Daniel (9 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/finanzen/article199904862/Aktiensteuer-Finanzexperten-kritisieren-Plaene-von-Olaf-Scholz.html">"Aktiensteuer: Finanzexperten kritisieren Pläne von Olaf Scholz"</a>. <i>Die Welt</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211540/https://www.welt.de/finanzen/article199904862/Aktiensteuer-Finanzexperten-kritisieren-Plaene-von-Olaf-Scholz.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+Welt&rft.atitle=Aktiensteuer%3A+Finanzexperten+kritisieren+Pl%C3%A4ne+von+Olaf+Scholz&rft.date=2019-09-09&rft.aulast=Eckert&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Ffinanzen%2Farticle199904862%2FAktiensteuer-Finanzexperten-kritisieren-Plaene-von-Olaf-Scholz.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThorsten_Mumme2019" class="citation web cs1">Thorsten Mumme (13 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tagesspiegel.de/wirtschaft/abgaben-fuer-kleinanleger-olaf-scholz-der-anti-aktionaer/25108774.html">"Olaf Scholz, der Anti-Aktionär"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Tagesspiegel" title="Der Tagesspiegel">Der Tagesspiegel</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211540/https://www.tagesspiegel.de/wirtschaft/abgaben-fuer-kleinanleger-olaf-scholz-der-anti-aktionaer/25108774.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Der+Tagesspiegel&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz%2C+der+Anti-Aktion%C3%A4r&rft.date=2019-10-13&rft.au=Thorsten+Mumme&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagesspiegel.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Fabgaben-fuer-kleinanleger-olaf-scholz-der-anti-aktionaer%2F25108774.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.focus.de/finanzen/altersvorsorge/kommentar-scholz-will-uns-jungen-die-letzte-moeglichkeit-des-sparens-nehmen_id_10869807.html">"Scholz will uns Jungen die letzte Möglichkeit des Sparens nehmen"</a>. <i>Focus Online</i>. 23 June 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211540/https://www.focus.de/finanzen/altersvorsorge/kommentar-scholz-will-uns-jungen-die-letzte-moeglichkeit-des-sparens-nehmen_id_10869807.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Focus+Online&rft.atitle=Scholz+will+uns+Jungen+die+letzte+M%C3%B6glichkeit+des+Sparens+nehmen&rft.date=2019-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.focus.de%2Ffinanzen%2Faltersvorsorge%2Fkommentar-scholz-will-uns-jungen-die-letzte-moeglichkeit-des-sparens-nehmen_id_10869807.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/soziales/finanztransaktionssteuer-olaf-scholz-legt-offenbar-finalen-gesetzentwurf-vor-a-1300482.html">"Medienbericht: Scholz legt offenbar Gesetzentwurf für Börsensteuer vor"</a>. <i>Spiegel Online</i> (in German). 9 December 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211543/https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/soziales/finanztransaktionssteuer-olaf-scholz-legt-offenbar-finalen-gesetzentwurf-vor-a-1300482.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spiegel+Online&rft.atitle=Medienbericht%3A+Scholz+legt+offenbar+Gesetzentwurf+f%C3%BCr+B%C3%B6rsensteuer+vor&rft.date=2019-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Fsoziales%2Ffinanztransaktionssteuer-olaf-scholz-legt-offenbar-finalen-gesetzentwurf-vor-a-1300482.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SPON-1301113-210"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SPON-1301113_210-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHermann-Josef_Tenhagen2019" class="citation web cs1">Hermann-Josef Tenhagen (14 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/service/finanztransaktionssteuer-olaf-scholz-zerstoert-eine-gute-idee-a-1301113.html">"Finanztransaktionssteuer: Olaf Scholz zerstört eine gute Idee"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel_(website)" title="Der Spiegel (website)">Der Spiegel</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211540/https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/service/finanztransaktionssteuer-olaf-scholz-zerstoert-eine-gute-idee-a-1301113.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Finanztransaktionssteuer%3A+Olaf+Scholz+zerst%C3%B6rt+eine+gute+Idee&rft.date=2019-12-14&rft.au=Hermann-Josef+Tenhagen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Fservice%2Ffinanztransaktionssteuer-olaf-scholz-zerstoert-eine-gute-idee-a-1301113.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SPON-431f9ca60b4c-211"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SPON-431f9ca60b4c_211-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/forscher-sehen-gravierende-schwaechen-bei-finanztransaktionssteuer-a-1ca67442-4959-4693-89d8-431f9ca60b4c">"Forscher sehen gravierende Schwächen bei Finanztransaktionsteuer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel_(website)" title="Der Spiegel (website)">Der Spiegel</a></i>. 5 March 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211540/https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/forscher-sehen-gravierende-schwaechen-bei-finanztransaktionssteuer-a-1ca67442-4959-4693-89d8-431f9ca60b4c">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Forscher+sehen+gravierende+Schw%C3%A4chen+bei+Finanztransaktionsteuer&rft.date=2020-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Fforscher-sehen-gravierende-schwaechen-bei-finanztransaktionssteuer-a-1ca67442-4959-4693-89d8-431f9ca60b4c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Myriam Rivet and Michael Nienaber (10 June 2018), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-germany-meeting/france-germany-still-split-on-eurozone-reforms-french-official-says-idUSKBN1J60FM">France, Germany still split on eurozone reforms, French official says</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612160302/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-germany-meeting/france-germany-still-split-on-eurozone-reforms-french-official-says-idUSKBN1J60FM">Archived</a> 12 June 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdf.de/uri/d81a7397-3604-4eb7-8372-fb5bd39f56ae">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Ein großer Wurf"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ZDF" title="ZDF">ZDF</a></i>. 20 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ZDF&rft.atitle=%22Ein+gro%C3%9Fer+Wurf%22&rft.date=2019-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdf.de%2Furi%2Fd81a7397-3604-4eb7-8372-fb5bd39f56ae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/wissenschaftler-kritisieren-deutsches-klimapaket-16395941.html">"Großer Wurf?: Wissenschaftler kritisieren deutsches Klimapaket"</a>. <i>Faz.net</i> (in German). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0174-4909">0174-4909</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025213042/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/wissenschaftler-kritisieren-deutsches-klimapaket-16395941.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Faz.net&rft.atitle=Gro%C3%9Fer+Wurf%3F%3A+Wissenschaftler+kritisieren+deutsches+Klimapaket&rft.issn=0174-4909&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.faz.net%2Faktuell%2Fwirtschaft%2Fwissenschaftler-kritisieren-deutsches-klimapaket-16395941.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGötze2019" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Götze, Susanne (20 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/klimapaket-der-bundesregierung-so-beurteilen-experten-die-einigung-a-1287888.html">"Wissenschaftler zum Klimapaket der Bundesregierung: Gute Nacht"</a>. <i>Spiegel Online</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211540/https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/klimapaket-der-bundesregierung-so-beurteilen-experten-die-einigung-a-1287888.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spiegel+Online&rft.atitle=Wissenschaftler+zum+Klimapaket+der+Bundesregierung%3A+Gute+Nacht&rft.date=2019-09-20&rft.aulast=G%C3%B6tze&rft.aufirst=Susanne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fwissenschaft%2Fmensch%2Fklimapaket-der-bundesregierung-so-beurteilen-experten-die-einigung-a-1287888.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMojib_Latif2019" class="citation web cs1">Mojib Latif (26 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/kritik-an-bundesregierung-latif-klimapaket-verdient-den.694.de.html?dram:article_id=459668">"Kritik an Bundesregierung – Latif: Klimapaket verdient den Namen nicht"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Deutschlandfunk" title="Deutschlandfunk">Deutschlandfunk</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211540/https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/kritik-an-bundesregierung-latif-klimapaket-verdient-den.694.de.html?dram:article_id=459668">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutschlandfunk&rft.atitle=Kritik+an+Bundesregierung+%E2%80%93+Latif%3A+Klimapaket+verdient+den+Namen+nicht&rft.date=2019-09-26&rft.au=Mojib+Latif&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deutschlandfunk.de%2Fkritik-an-bundesregierung-latif-klimapaket-verdient-den.694.de.html%3Fdram%3Aarticle_id%3D459668&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChristian_Endt2019" class="citation web cs1">Christian Endt (21 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/klimapaket-bundesregierung-co2-steuer-wissenschaft-1.4610461">"Klimapaket: Wissenschaftler finden CO<sub>2</sub>-Preis zu niedrig"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCddeutsche_Zeitung" title="Süddeutsche Zeitung">Süddeutsche Zeitung</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211540/https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/klimapaket-bundesregierung-co2-steuer-wissenschaft-1.4610461">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=S%C3%BCddeutsche+Zeitung&rft.atitle=Klimapaket%3A+Wissenschaftler+finden+CO%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3E-Preis+zu+niedrig&rft.date=2019-09-21&rft.au=Christian+Endt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sueddeutsche.de%2Fpolitik%2Fklimapaket-bundesregierung-co2-steuer-wissenschaft-1.4610461&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sdm21-218"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sdm21_218-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://entsog.eu/sites/default/files/2022-01/ENTSOG_GIE_SYSDEV_2020-2021.pdf">"Gas Infrastructure Europe – System Development Map 2022/2021"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>European Network of Transmission System Operators for Gas (<a href="/wiki/ENTSOG" class="mw-redirect" title="ENTSOG">ENTSOG</a>)</i>. December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220924231209/https://entsog.eu/sites/default/files/2022-01/ENTSOG_GIE_SYSDEV_2020-2021.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 24 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Network+of+Transmission+System+Operators+for+Gas+%28ENTSOG%29&rft.atitle=Gas+Infrastructure+Europe+%E2%80%93+System+Development+Map+2022%2F2021&rft.date=2021-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fentsog.eu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2022-01%2FENTSOG_GIE_SYSDEV_2020-2021.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.duh.de/projekte/geheimdeal-gegen-das-klima/">"Deutsche Umwelthilfe e.V.: Geheimdeal gegen das Klima"</a>. <i>Deutsche Umwelthilfe e.V.</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211215234928/https://www.duh.de/projekte/geheimdeal-gegen-das-klima/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Umwelthilfe+e.V.&rft.atitle=Deutsche+Umwelthilfe+e.V.%3A+Geheimdeal+gegen+das+Klima&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.duh.de%2Fprojekte%2Fgeheimdeal-gegen-das-klima%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211215234922/https://www.zeit.de/zustimmung?url=https://www.zeit.de/2020/39/nord-stream-2-olaf-scholz-usa-sanktionen-gasmarkt-baustopp">"Lesen Sie zeit.de mit Werbung oder im PUR-Abo. Sie haben die Wahl"</a>. <i>Die Zeit</i>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zeit.de/zustimmung?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2F2020%2F39%2Fnord-stream-2-olaf-scholz-usa-sanktionen-gasmarkt-baustopp">the original</a></span> on 15 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Die+Zeit&rft.atitle=Lesen+Sie+zeit.de+mit+Werbung+oder+im+PUR-Abo.+Sie+haben+die+Wahl.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2Fzustimmung%3Furl%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.zeit.de%252F2020%252F39%252Fnord-stream-2-olaf-scholz-usa-sanktionen-gasmarkt-baustopp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211215234912/https://www.zeit.de/zustimmung?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2Fpolitik%2Fausland%2F2020-09%2Fnord-stream-2-ostsee-pipeline-finanzierung-olaf-scholz%3Fcid%3D54151008">"Lesen Sie zeit.de mit Werbung oder im PUR-Abo. Sie haben die Wahl"</a>. <i>Die Zeit</i>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zeit.de/zustimmung?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2Fpolitik%2Fausland%2F2020-09%2Fnord-stream-2-ostsee-pipeline-finanzierung-olaf-scholz%3Fcid%3D54151008">the original</a></span> on 15 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Die+Zeit&rft.atitle=Lesen+Sie+zeit.de+mit+Werbung+oder+im+PUR-Abo.+Sie+haben+die+Wahl.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2Fzustimmung%3Furl%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.zeit.de%252Fpolitik%252Fausland%252F2020-09%252Fnord-stream-2-ostsee-pipeline-finanzierung-olaf-scholz%253Fcid%253D54151008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStukenberg2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Stukenberg, Kurt (11 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/spd-engagement-fuer-nord-stream-2-gasimport-gasimport-klimaschutz-a-3d3f78e1-5358-4142-94d0-d78f7c648315">"SPD-Engagement für Nord Stream 2: Gasimport + Gasimport = Klimaschutz"</a>. <i>Der Spiegel</i> (in German). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2195-1349">2195-1349</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211543/https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/spd-engagement-fuer-nord-stream-2-gasimport-gasimport-klimaschutz-a-3d3f78e1-5358-4142-94d0-d78f7c648315">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=SPD-Engagement+f%C3%BCr+Nord+Stream+2%3A+Gasimport+%2B+Gasimport+%3D+Klimaschutz&rft.date=2021-02-11&rft.issn=2195-1349&rft.aulast=Stukenberg&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fwissenschaft%2Fmensch%2Fspd-engagement-fuer-nord-stream-2-gasimport-gasimport-klimaschutz-a-3d3f78e1-5358-4142-94d0-d78f7c648315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article226052809/Scholz-wollte-mit-Milliarden-Deal-US-Sanktionen-gegen-Nord-Stream-2-abwenden.html">"Scholz wollte mit Milliarden-Deal US-Sanktionen gegen Nord Stream 2 abwenden"</a>. <i>DIE WELT</i> (in German). 9 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002123211/https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article226052809/Scholz-wollte-mit-Milliarden-Deal-US-Sanktionen-gegen-Nord-Stream-2-abwenden.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DIE+WELT&rft.atitle=Scholz+wollte+mit+Milliarden-Deal+US-Sanktionen+gegen+Nord+Stream+2+abwenden&rft.date=2021-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fpolitik%2Fdeutschland%2Farticle226052809%2FScholz-wollte-mit-Milliarden-Deal-US-Sanktionen-gegen-Nord-Stream-2-abwenden.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/klimaneutral-2045-klimaschutzgesetz-co-100.html">"Deutschland soll bis 2045 klimaneutral sein"</a>. <i>Heute.de</i>. 5 May 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025213043/https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/klimaneutral-2045-klimaschutzgesetz-co-100.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Heute.de&rft.atitle=Deutschland+soll+bis+2045+klimaneutral+sein&rft.date=2021-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdf.de%2Fnachrichten%2Fpolitik%2Fklimaneutral-2045-klimaschutzgesetz-co-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-13/scholz-says-new-government-will-make-renewable-energy-push">"Scholz Vows He'll Be Chancellor by Year-End to Push Green Energy"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. 13 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Scholz+Vows+He%27ll+Be+Chancellor+by+Year-End+to+Push+Green+Energy&rft.date=2021-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2021-10-13%2Fscholz-says-new-government-will-make-renewable-energy-push&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rnd.de/politik/scholz-will-internationalen-klimaclub-gruenden-fuer-gemeinsame-ziele-und-standards-IERK4CQ6ZNCY7AYOG3RU3C4A6Y.html">"Gemeinsame Ziele und Standards: Scholz will internationalen Klimaclub gründen"</a>. <i>RND.de</i>. 18 May 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025211540/https://www.rnd.de/politik/scholz-will-internationalen-klimaclub-gruenden-fuer-gemeinsame-ziele-und-standards-IERK4CQ6ZNCY7AYOG3RU3C4A6Y.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RND.de&rft.atitle=Gemeinsame+Ziele+und+Standards%3A+Scholz+will+internationalen+Klimaclub+gr%C3%BCnden&rft.date=2021-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnd.de%2Fpolitik%2Fscholz-will-internationalen-klimaclub-gruenden-fuer-gemeinsame-ziele-und-standards-IERK4CQ6ZNCY7AYOG3RU3C4A6Y.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWacket2021" class="citation news cs1">Wacket, Markus (23 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/cop/exclusive-germanys-government-in-waiting-agrees-phase-out-coal-by-2030-sources-2021-11-23/">"EXCLUSIVE German parties agree on 2030 coal phase-out in coalition talks -sources"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220303202425/https://www.reuters.com/business/cop/exclusive-germanys-government-in-waiting-agrees-phase-out-coal-by-2030-sources-2021-11-23/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=EXCLUSIVE+German+parties+agree+on+2030+coal+phase-out+in+coalition+talks+-sources&rft.date=2021-11-23&rft.aulast=Wacket&rft.aufirst=Markus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fcop%2Fexclusive-germanys-government-in-waiting-agrees-phase-out-coal-by-2030-sources-2021-11-23%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/3eb6ffc10ccb47408d98e050e2e90d69">"China, Germany promise closer financial cooperation"</a>. <i>Associated Press</i>. 18 January 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230827203104/https://apnews.com/article/3eb6ffc10ccb47408d98e050e2e90d69">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=China%2C+Germany+promise+closer+financial+cooperation&rft.date=2019-01-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2F3eb6ffc10ccb47408d98e050e2e90d69&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/germany-china-scholz-idINKCN1P91XB">"From client to competitor: China's rise prompts German rethink"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 15 January 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230827201634/https://www.reuters.com/article/germany-china-scholz-idINKCN1P91XB">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=From+client+to+competitor%3A+China%27s+rise+prompts+German+rethink&rft.date=2019-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fgermany-china-scholz-idINKCN1P91XB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/05/20/china-challenge-olaf-scholz">"The China Challenge for Olaf Scholz"</a>. <i>Human Rights Watch</i>. 20 May 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240525143932/https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/05/20/china-challenge-olaf-scholz">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.atitle=The+China+Challenge+for+Olaf+Scholz&rft.date=2022-05-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fnews%2F2022%2F05%2F20%2Fchina-challenge-olaf-scholz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-09-22/german-leader-prepares-china-visit-as-berlin-takes-hawkish-turn-on-beijing">"Scholz Prepares First Official Trip to China as German Position Turns Hawkish"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. 22 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Scholz+Prepares+First+Official+Trip+to+China+as+German+Position+Turns+Hawkish&rft.date=2022-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2022-09-22%2Fgerman-leader-prepares-china-visit-as-berlin-takes-hawkish-turn-on-beijing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-22/germany-hits-back-at-us-donald-trump-sanctions-on-nord-stream-2/11821624">"Germany hits back at US for placing sanctions on critical European gas pipeline"</a>. <i>ABC News</i>. 21 December 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220326132219/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-22/germany-hits-back-at-us-donald-trump-sanctions-on-nord-stream-2/11821624">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Germany+hits+back+at+US+for+placing+sanctions+on+critical+European+gas+pipeline&rft.date=2019-12-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2019-12-22%2Fgermany-hits-back-at-us-donald-trump-sanctions-on-nord-stream-2%2F11821624&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2021/11/24/incoming-german-government-commits-to-nato-nuclear-deterrent/">"Incoming German government commits to NATO nuclear deterrent"</a>. <i>Defense News</i>. 24 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230731133916/https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2021/11/24/incoming-german-government-commits-to-nato-nuclear-deterrent/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Defense+News&rft.atitle=Incoming+German+government+commits+to+NATO+nuclear+deterrent&rft.date=2021-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defensenews.com%2Fglobal%2Feurope%2F2021%2F11%2F24%2Fincoming-german-government-commits-to-nato-nuclear-deterrent%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-security-turkey-germany-idUSKBN1WU1HZ">"Germany's Scholz calls for coordinated approach to convince Turkey to end Syria operation"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 15 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Germany%27s+Scholz+calls+for+coordinated+approach+to+convince+Turkey+to+end+Syria+operation&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-syria-security-turkey-germany-idUSKBN1WU1HZ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-235">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNierenberg2024" class="citation news cs1">Nierenberg, Amelia (8 December 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/08/world/middleeast/syria-global-reactions-world-leaders.html">"Governments around the globe expressed cautious optimism over the future of Syria"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Governments+around+the+globe+expressed+cautious+optimism+over+the+future+of+Syria.&rft.date=2024-12-08&rft.aulast=Nierenberg&rft.aufirst=Amelia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2024%2F12%2F08%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fsyria-global-reactions-world-leaders.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-236">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ebrd.com/shareholders-and-board-of-governors.html">Board of Governors</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170228141219/http://www.ebrd.com/shareholders-and-board-of-governors.html">Archived</a> 28 February 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/European_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="European Bank for Reconstruction and Development">European Bank for Reconstruction and Development</a> (EBRD).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eib.org/about/governance-and-structure/statutory-bodies/board_of_governors/index.htm">Board of Governors</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180616103358/http://www.eib.org/about/governance-and-structure/statutory-bodies/board_of_governors/index.htm">Archived</a> 16 June 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">European Investment Bank</a> (EIB).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-238">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esm.europa.eu/content/olaf-scholz">Board of Governors: Olaf Scholz</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <a href="/wiki/European_Stability_Mechanism" title="European Stability Mechanism">European Stability Mechanism</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-239">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aiib.org/en/about-aiib/governance/board-governors/index.html">Board of Governors</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171029173748/https://www.aiib.org/en/about-aiib/governance/board-governors/index.html">Archived</a> 29 October 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Asian_Infrastructure_Investment_Bank" title="Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank">Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank</a> (AIIB).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-240">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/memdir/members.aspx">Members</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111111021542/http://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/memdir/members.aspx">Archived</a> 11 November 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> (IMF).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-241">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kfw.de/KfW-Group/About-KfW/Vorstand-und-Gremien/Verwaltungsrat-und-seine-Aussch%C3%BCsse/">Board of Supervisory Directors and its Committees</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170816142705/https://www.kfw.de/KfW-Group/About-KfW/Vorstand-und-Gremien/Verwaltungsrat-und-seine-Aussch%C3%BCsse/">Archived</a> 16 August 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/KfW" title="KfW">KfW</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-242">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVetter2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Vetter, Philipp (14 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/wirtschaft/article231827901/Staatshilfe-fuer-Karstadt-und-Kaufhof-CDU-Wirtschaftsrat-warnt-vor-weiterem-Kredit.html">"Staatshilfe für Karstadt und Kaufhof: CDU-Wirtschaftsrat warnt vor weiterem Kredit"</a>. <i>DIE WELT</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208135908/https://www.welt.de/wirtschaft/article231827901/Staatshilfe-fuer-Karstadt-und-Kaufhof-CDU-Wirtschaftsrat-warnt-vor-weiterem-Kredit.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DIE+WELT&rft.atitle=Staatshilfe+f%C3%BCr+Karstadt+und+Kaufhof%3A+CDU-Wirtschaftsrat+warnt+vor+weiterem+Kredit&rft.date=2021-06-14&rft.aulast=Vetter&rft.aufirst=Philipp&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fwirtschaft%2Farticle231827901%2FStaatshilfe-fuer-Karstadt-und-Kaufhof-CDU-Wirtschaftsrat-warnt-vor-weiterem-Kredit.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-243"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-243">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLaurin2011" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Laurin, Stefan (12 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ruhrbarone.de/ece-stiftung-lebendige-stadt-so-geht-lobbyismus/30191">"ECE: Stiftung lebendige Stadt – so geht Lobbyismus"</a>. <i>Ruhrbarone</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208135913/https://www.ruhrbarone.de/ece-stiftung-lebendige-stadt-so-geht-lobbyismus/30191">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ruhrbarone&rft.atitle=ECE%3A+Stiftung+lebendige+Stadt+%E2%80%93+so+geht+Lobbyismus&rft.date=2011-07-12&rft.aulast=Laurin&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ruhrbarone.de%2Fece-stiftung-lebendige-stadt-so-geht-lobbyismus%2F30191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-244"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-244">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalstiftung.de/gremien">Senate</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170718233651/http://www.nationalstiftung.de/gremien">Archived</a> 18 July 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Deutsche Nationalstiftung.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-245">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fes.de/stiftung/organigramm-gremien/mitgliederversammlung/">Members</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180729141457/https://www.fes.de/stiftung/organigramm-gremien/mitgliederversammlung/">Archived</a> 29 July 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert_Foundation" title="Friedrich Ebert Foundation">Friedrich Ebert Foundation</a> (FES).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-246">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dgap.org/en/think-tank/programs/study-groups">Study Groups, Discussion Groups and Task Forces</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160701214547/https://dgap.org/en/think-tank/programs/study-groups">Archived</a> 1 July 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/German_Council_on_Foreign_Relations" title="German Council on Foreign Relations">German Council on Foreign Relations</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-247"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-247">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ildiko Röd (25 June 2018), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maz-online.de/Lokales/Potsdam/Vizekanzler-Olaf-Scholz-wohnt-jetzt-in-Potsdam">Vizekanzler ist Neu-Potsdamer</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180721145732/http://www.maz-online.de/Lokales/Potsdam/Vizekanzler-Olaf-Scholz-wohnt-jetzt-in-Potsdam">Archived</a> 21 July 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4rkische_Allgemeine" title="Märkische Allgemeine">Märkische Allgemeine</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-248"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-248">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFForster2021" class="citation web cs1">Forster, Joel (22 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://evangelicalfocus.com/europe/13371/germany-elections-christians-not-exempt-from-falling-into-polarisation">"Germany election: Christians not exempt from falling into polarisation"</a>. <i>Evangelical Focus</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211115045827/https://evangelicalfocus.com/europe/13371/germany-elections-christians-not-exempt-from-falling-into-polarisation">Archived</a> from the original on 15 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Evangelical+Focus&rft.atitle=Germany+election%3A+Christians+not+exempt+from+falling+into+polarisation&rft.date=2021-09-22&rft.aulast=Forster&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fevangelicalfocus.com%2Feurope%2F13371%2Fgermany-elections-christians-not-exempt-from-falling-into-polarisation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-249"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-249">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.derwesten.de/politik/olaf-scholz-amtseid-so-wahr-mir-gott-helfe-gottesbezug-bundeskanzler-kanzler-bundestag-id234040353.html">"Olaf Scholz: Darum verzichtet er beim Amtseid auf "So wahr mir Gott helfe"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Der Westen</i> (in German). 8 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208072605/https://www.derwesten.de/politik/olaf-scholz-amtseid-so-wahr-mir-gott-helfe-gottesbezug-bundeskanzler-kanzler-bundestag-id234040353.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Der+Westen&rft.atitle=Olaf+Scholz%3A+Darum+verzichtet+er+beim+Amtseid+auf+%22So+wahr+mir+Gott+helfe%22&rft.date=2021-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.derwesten.de%2Fpolitik%2Folaf-scholz-amtseid-so-wahr-mir-gott-helfe-gottesbezug-bundeskanzler-kanzler-bundestag-id234040353.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-250"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-250">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/german-chancellor-scholz-sports-eye-patch-after-jogging-accident-2023-09-04/">"German Chancellor Scholz sports eye patch after jogging accident"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 4 September 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230904120000/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/german-chancellor-scholz-sports-eye-patch-after-jogging-accident-2023-09-04/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=German+Chancellor+Scholz+sports+eye+patch+after+jogging+accident&rft.date=2023-09-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fgerman-chancellor-scholz-sports-eye-patch-after-jogging-accident-2023-09-04%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-251">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/germany-chancellor-scholz-running-accident-injury-bruises-a995c647f174fb18f395fcc64c6e18e2">"German Chancellor Scholz tweets picture of himself with black eye patch after jogging accident"</a>. <i>AP News</i>. 4 September 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230904104939/https://apnews.com/article/germany-chancellor-scholz-running-accident-injury-bruises-a995c647f174fb18f395fcc64c6e18e2">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=German+Chancellor+Scholz+tweets+picture+of+himself+with+black+eye+patch+after+jogging+accident&rft.date=2023-09-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fgermany-chancellor-scholz-running-accident-injury-bruises-a995c647f174fb18f395fcc64c6e18e2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-252">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/04/germany-olaf-scholz-posts-eyepatch-photo-memes">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Excited to see the memes': Germany's Olaf Scholz posts eyepatch photo"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. Agence France-Presse. 4 September 2023. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241002124315/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/04/germany-olaf-scholz-posts-eyepatch-photo-memes">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=%27Excited+to+see+the+memes%27%3A+Germany%27s+Olaf+Scholz+posts+eyepatch+photo&rft.date=2023-09-04&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2023%2Fsep%2F04%2Fgermany-olaf-scholz-posts-eyepatch-photo-memes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOlaf+Scholz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olaf-scholz.spd.de">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61053#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?120018">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">General Secretary of the Social Democratic Party</a> </b><br />2002–2004 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Uwe_Benneter" title="Klaus Uwe Benneter">Klaus Uwe Benneter</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Deputy Leader of the Social Democratic Party</a> </b><br />2009–2019 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Hubertus Heil</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Labour_and_Social_Affairs" title="Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs">Minister of Labour and Social Affairs</a> </b><br />2007–2009 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Jung" title="Franz Josef Jung">Franz Josef Jung</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Ahlhaus" title="Christoph Ahlhaus">Christoph Ahlhaus</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Hamburg" title="List of mayors of Hamburg">First Mayor of Hamburg</a> </b><br />2011–2018 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Tschentscher" title="Peter Tschentscher">Peter Tschentscher</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sigmar_Gabriel" title="Sigmar Gabriel">Sigmar Gabriel</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Vice-Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Vice-Chancellor of Germany">Vice-Chancellor of Germany</a> </b><br />2018–2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Habeck" title="Robert Habeck">Robert Habeck</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble" title="Wolfgang Schäuble">Wolfgang Schäuble</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Finance_(Germany)" title="Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany)">Minister of Finance</a> </b><br />2018–2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Lindner" title="Christian Lindner">Christian Lindner</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Chancellor of Germany</a> </b><br />2021–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FACEFF;">Diplomatic posts </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Group_of_Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Eight">Group of Seven</a> </b><br />2022 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;">Order of precedence </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_Bas" title="Bärbel Bas">Bärbel Bas</a></div><i><b>as <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Bundestag" title="President of the Bundestag">President of the Bundestag</a> </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/German_order_of_precedence" title="German order of precedence">Order of precedence of Germany</a><br /><i>Chancellor</i> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Anke_Rehlinger" title="Anke Rehlinger">Anke Rehlinger</a></div><i><b>as <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_German_Bundesrat" title="President of the German Bundesrat">President of the Bundesrat</a> </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olaf_Scholz_navigation_boxes95" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Olaf_Scholz_navigation_boxes95" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Olaf Scholz navigation boxes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chancellors_of_Germany_(since_1867)892" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chancellors_of_Germany" title="Template:Chancellors of Germany"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chancellors_of_Germany" title="Template talk:Chancellors of Germany"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chancellors_of_Germany" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chancellors of Germany"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chancellors_of_Germany_(since_1867)892" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Chancellors of Germany (since 1867)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_German_Confederation" title="North German Confederation">North German Confederation</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /> Bundeskanzler (1867–1871)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /> Reichskanzler (1871–1918)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_von_Caprivi" title="Leo von Caprivi">Leo von Caprivi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlodwig,_Prince_of_Hohenlohe-Schillingsf%C3%BCrst" title="Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst">Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_von_B%C3%BClow" title="Bernhard von Bülow">Bernhard von Bülow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theobald_von_Bethmann_Hollweg" title="Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg">Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Michaelis" title="Georg Michaelis">Georg Michaelis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_von_Hertling" title="Georg von Hertling">Georg von Hertling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Maximilian_of_Baden" title="Prince Maximilian of Baden">Prince Maximilian of Baden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Weimar Republic</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany_(3-2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /> Reichskanzler (1919–1933)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Friedrich Ebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Scheidemann" title="Philipp Scheidemann">Philipp Scheidemann</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(as Ministerpräsident)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Bauer" title="Gustav Bauer">Gustav Bauer</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(as Ministerpräsident, later Chancellor)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller_(politician,_born_1876)" title="Hermann Müller (politician, born 1876)">Hermann Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Fehrenbach" title="Constantin Fehrenbach">Constantin Fehrenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Wirth" title="Joseph Wirth">Joseph Wirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Cuno" title="Wilhelm Cuno">Wilhelm Cuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Stresemann" title="Gustav Stresemann">Gustav Stresemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Marx" title="Wilhelm Marx">Wilhelm Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Luther" title="Hans Luther">Hans Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Marx" title="Wilhelm Marx">Wilhelm Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller_(politician,_born_1876)" title="Hermann Müller (politician, born 1876)">Hermann Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning" title="Heinrich Brüning">Heinrich Brüning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Papen" title="Franz von Papen">Franz von Papen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_von_Schleicher" title="Kurt von Schleicher">Kurt von Schleicher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany_(1933%E2%80%931935).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281933%E2%80%931935%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany_(1935%E2%80%931945).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /> Reichskanzler (1933–1945)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels" title="Joseph Goebbels">Joseph Goebbels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutz_Graf_Schwerin_von_Krosigk" title="Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk">Count Schwerin von Krosigk</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(as Leading Minister)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Federal Republic</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Bundeskanzler (1949–present)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(CDU, 1949–1963)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Erhard" title="Ludwig Erhard">Ludwig Erhard</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(CDU, 1963–1966)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Georg_Kiesinger" title="Kurt Georg Kiesinger">Kurt Georg Kiesinger</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(CDU, 1966–1969)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(SPD, 1969–1974)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(SPD, 1974–1982)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(CDU, 1982–1998)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(SPD, 1998–2005)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(CDU, 2005–2021)</span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olaf Scholz</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(SPD, 2021–present)</span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_chancellors_of_Germany" title="List of chancellors of Germany">List of chancellors</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_Council1859" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Council" title="Template:European Council"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Council" title="Template talk:European Council"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Council" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Council"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_Council1859" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Council_meetings" title="List of European Council meetings">List of meetings</a></li> <li>Parties represented <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_1998" title="Parties in the European Council during 1998">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_1999" title="Parties in the European Council during 1999">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2000" title="Parties in the European Council during 2000">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2001" title="Parties in the European Council during 2001">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2002" title="Parties in the European Council during 2002">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2003" title="Parties in the European Council during 2003">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_between_January_and_April_2004" title="Parties in the European Council between January and April 2004">2004 (January–April)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_between_May_and_December_2004" title="Parties in the European Council between May and December 2004">2004 (May–December)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2005" title="Parties in the European Council during 2005">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2006" title="Parties in the European Council during 2006">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2007" title="Parties in the European Council during 2007">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2008" title="Parties in the European Council during 2008">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2009" title="Parties in the European Council during 2009">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2010" title="Parties in the European Council during 2010">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2011" title="Parties in the European Council during 2011">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2012" title="Parties in the European Council during 2012">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_between_January_and_June_2013" title="Parties in the European Council between January and June 2013">2013 (January–June)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_between_July_and_December_2013" title="Parties in the European Council between July and December 2013">2013 (July–December)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2014" title="Parties in the European Council during 2014">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2015" title="Parties in the European Council during 2015">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2016" title="Parties in the European Council during 2016">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2017" title="Parties in the European Council during 2017">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2018" title="Parties in the European Council during 2018">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2019&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parties in the European Council during 2019 (page does not exist)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2020&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parties in the European Council during 2020 (page does not exist)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2021&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parties in the European Council during 2021 (page does not exist)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2022&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parties in the European Council during 2022 (page does not exist)">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parties_in_the_European_Council_during_2023&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parties in the European Council during 2023 (page does not exist)">2023</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">António Costa</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">President</a></b> (non-voting)</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Stocker" title="Christian Stocker">Stocker</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Austria" title="Chancellor of Austria">AT</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bart_De_Wever" title="Bart De Wever">De Wever</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belgium" title="Prime Minister of Belgium">BE</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Rosen_Zhelyazkov" title="Rosen Zhelyazkov">Zhelyazkov</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">BG</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Andrej_Plenkovi%C4%87" title="Andrej Plenković">Plenković</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Croatia" title="Prime Minister of Croatia">HR</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nikos_Christodoulides" title="Nikos Christodoulides">Christodoulides</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_Cyprus" title="President of Cyprus">CY</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Petr_Fiala" title="Petr Fiala">Fiala</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Prime Minister of the Czech Republic">CZ</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mette_Frederiksen" title="Mette Frederiksen">Frederiksen</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Denmark" title="Prime Minister of Denmark">DK</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kristen_Michal" title="Kristen Michal">Michal</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Estonia" title="Prime Minister of Estonia">EE</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Petteri_Orpo" title="Petteri Orpo">Orpo</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Finland" title="Prime Minister of Finland">FI</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Macron</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">FR</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">DE</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kyriakos_Mitsotakis" title="Kyriakos Mitsotakis">Mitsotakis</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Greece" title="Prime Minister of Greece">GR</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Orbán</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Hungary" title="Prime Minister of Hungary">HU</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin" title="Micheál Martin">Martin</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">IE</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Meloni</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">IT</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Evika_Sili%C5%86a" title="Evika Siliņa">Siliņa</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Latvia" title="Prime Minister of Latvia">LV</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/60px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Gitanas_Naus%C4%97da" title="Gitanas Nausėda">Nausėda</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_Lithuania" title="President of Lithuania">LT</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Luc_Frieden" title="Luc Frieden">Frieden</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Luxembourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Luxembourg">LU</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Abela" title="Robert Abela">Abela</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">MT</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Dick_Schoof" title="Dick Schoof">Schoof</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Netherlands" title="Prime Minister of the Netherlands">NL</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Tusk</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Poland" title="Prime Minister of Poland">PL</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Montenegro" title="Luís Montenegro">Montenegro</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">PT</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ilie_Bolojan" title="Ilie Bolojan">Bolojan</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">RO</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fico" title="Robert Fico">Fico</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Slovakia" title="Prime Minister of Slovakia">SK</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Golob" title="Robert Golob">Golob</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Slovenia" title="Prime Minister of Slovenia">SI</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Pedro Sánchez">Sánchez</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">ES</a>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ulf_Kristersson" title="Ulf Kristersson">Kristersson</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">SE</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">von der Leyen</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President of the Commission</a> (non-voting)</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kaja_Kallas" title="Kaja Kallas">Kallas</a> (<a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative</a>) (present non-member, non-voting)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Roberta_Metsola" title="Roberta Metsola">Metsola</a> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Parliament" title="President of the European Parliament">President of the Parliament</a>) (partially attending, non-member, non-voting)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Portal:European_Union" title="Portal:European Union">European Union Portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_NATO1543" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_NATO_leaders" title="Template:Current NATO leaders"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_NATO_leaders" title="Template talk:Current NATO leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_NATO_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current NATO leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_NATO1543" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">Leaders of NATO</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_NATO" title="Secretary General of NATO">Secretary General</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mark_Rutte" title="Mark Rutte">Rutte</a></b></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Albania: <a href="/wiki/Edi_Rama" title="Edi Rama">Rama</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Belgium: <a href="/wiki/Bart_De_Wever" title="Bart De Wever">De Wever</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Bulgaria: <a href="/wiki/Rosen_Zhelyazkov" title="Rosen Zhelyazkov">Zhelyazkov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Canada: <a href="/wiki/Mark_Carney" title="Mark Carney">Carney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Andrej_Plenkovi%C4%87" title="Andrej Plenković">Plenković</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Czech Republic: <a href="/wiki/Petr_Fiala" title="Petr Fiala">Fiala</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Mette_Frederiksen" title="Mette Frederiksen">Frederiksen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Estonia: <a href="/wiki/Kristen_Michal" title="Kristen Michal">Michal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Finland: <a href="/wiki/Petteri_Orpo" title="Petteri Orpo">Orpo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">France: <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Macron</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Germany: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Greece: <a href="/wiki/Kyriakos_Mitsotakis" title="Kyriakos Mitsotakis">Mitsotakis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Hungary: <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Orbán</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Iceland: <a href="/wiki/Kristr%C3%BAn_Frostad%C3%B3ttir" title="Kristrún Frostadóttir">Kristrún</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Italy: <a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Meloni</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Latvia: <a href="/wiki/Evika_Sili%C5%86a" title="Evika Siliņa">Siliņa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/Gitanas_Naus%C4%97da" title="Gitanas Nausėda">Nausėda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Luxembourg: <a href="/wiki/Luc_Frieden" title="Luc Frieden">Frieden</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Montenegro: <a href="/wiki/Milojko_Spaji%C4%87" title="Milojko Spajić">Spajić</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Dick_Schoof" title="Dick Schoof">Schoof</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Hristijan_Mickoski" title="Hristijan Mickoski">Mickoski</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Norway: <a href="/wiki/Jonas_Gahr_St%C3%B8re" title="Jonas Gahr Støre">Støre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Poland: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Tusk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Portugal: <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Montenegro" title="Luís Montenegro">Montenegro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Romania: <i><a href="/wiki/Ilie_Bolojan" title="Ilie Bolojan">Bolojan</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Slovakia: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fico" title="Robert Fico">Fico</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Slovenia: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Golob" title="Robert Golob">Golob</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Spain: <a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Pedro Sánchez">Sánchez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Ulf_Kristersson" title="Ulf Kristersson">Kristersson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Turkey: <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Erdoğan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Starmer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">United States: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_Group_of_Seven59" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_G7_leaders" title="Template:Current G7 leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_G7_leaders" title="Template talk:Current G7 leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_G7_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current G7 leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_Group_of_Seven59" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_G7_leaders" title="List of G7 leaders">Leaders</a> of the <a href="/wiki/G7" title="G7">Group of Seven</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Canada: <a href="/wiki/Mark_Carney" title="Mark Carney">Carney</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">France: <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Macron</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Germany: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Italy: <a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Meloni</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Japan: <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Ishiba</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Starmer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">United States: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">European Union: <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">Costa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Von der Leyen</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_G2026" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_G20_leaders" title="Template:Current G20 leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_G20_leaders" title="Template talk:Current G20 leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_G20_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current G20 leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_G2026" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">Leaders of the G20</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union"><img alt="African Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o" title="João Lourenço">Lourenço</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mahamoud_Ali_Youssouf" title="Mahamoud Ali Youssouf">Youssouf</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Javier_Milei" title="Javier Milei">Milei</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Albanese" title="Anthony Albanese">Albanese</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/60px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Lula</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Carney" title="Mark Carney">Carney</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">Costa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">von der Leyen</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Macron</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Modi</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Prabowo_Subianto" title="Prabowo Subianto">Prabowo</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Meloni</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Ishiba</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Sheinbaum" title="Claudia Sheinbaum">Sheinbaum</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Putin</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Salman_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Salman of Saudi Arabia">Salman</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa"><img alt="South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Ramaphosa" title="Cyril Ramaphosa">Ramaphosa</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Choi_Sang-mok" title="Choi Sang-mok">Choi</a> (<i>acting</i>)</li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Erdoğan</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Starmer</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Current_heads_of_government266" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_heads_of_government" title="Template:Current heads of government"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_heads_of_government" title="Template talk:Current heads of government"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_heads_of_government" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current heads of government"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Current_heads_of_government266" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_heads_of_state_and_government" title="List of current heads of state and government">Current heads of government</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Algeria: <a href="/wiki/Nadir_Larbaoui" title="Nadir Larbaoui">Larbaoui</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Botswana: <a href="/wiki/Duma_Boko" title="Duma Boko">Boko</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Burkina Faso: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Emmanuel_Ou%C3%A9draogo" title="Jean Emmanuel Ouédraogo">Ouédraogo</a>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Burundi: <a href="/wiki/Gervais_Ndirakobuca" title="Gervais Ndirakobuca">Ndirakobuca</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Cameroon: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ngute" title="Joseph Ngute">Ngute</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Cape Verde: <a href="/wiki/Ulisses_Correia_e_Silva" title="Ulisses Correia e Silva">Correia e Silva</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Central African Republic: <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Moloua" title="Félix Moloua">Moloua</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Chad: <a href="/wiki/Allamaye_Halina" title="Allamaye Halina">Halina</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Democratic Republic of the Congo: <a href="/wiki/Judith_Suminwa" title="Judith Suminwa">Suminwa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Republic of the Congo: <a href="/wiki/Anatole_Collinet_Makosso" title="Anatole Collinet Makosso">Makosso</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Djibouti: <a href="/wiki/Abdoulkader_Kamil_Mohamed" title="Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed">Mohamed</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Egypt: <a href="/wiki/Mostafa_Madbouly" title="Mostafa Madbouly">Madbouly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Equatorial Guinea: <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Osa_Nsue_Nsua" title="Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua">Osa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Eritrea: <a href="/wiki/Isaias_Afwerki" title="Isaias Afwerki">Isaias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Eswatini: <a href="/wiki/Russell_Dlamini" title="Russell Dlamini">Dlamini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Ethiopia: <a href="/wiki/Abiy_Ahmed" title="Abiy Ahmed">Abiy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Gabon: <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Ndong_Sima" title="Raymond Ndong Sima">Sima</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Ghana: <a href="/wiki/John_Mahama" title="John Mahama">Mahama</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Guinea: <a href="/wiki/Bah_Oury" title="Bah Oury">Oury</a>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Guinea-Bissau: <a href="/wiki/Rui_Duarte_de_Barros" title="Rui Duarte de Barros">Duarte de Barros</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Ivory Coast: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Beugr%C3%A9_Mamb%C3%A9" title="Robert Beugré Mambé">Beugre Mambe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Libya: <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Dbeibeh" title="Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh">Dbeibeh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Lesotho: <a href="/wiki/Sam_Matekane" title="Sam Matekane">Matekane</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Madagascar: <a href="/wiki/Christian_Ntsay" title="Christian Ntsay">Ntsay</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Mali: <a href="/wiki/Abdoulaye_Ma%C3%AFga_(officer)" title="Abdoulaye Maïga (officer)">Maïga</a>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Mauritania: <a href="/wiki/Mokhtar_Ould_Djay" title="Mokhtar Ould Djay">Djay</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Mauritius: <a href="/wiki/Navin_Ramgoolam" title="Navin Ramgoolam">Ramgoolam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Morocco: <a href="/wiki/Aziz_Akhannouch" title="Aziz Akhannouch">Akhannouch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Mozambique: <a href="/wiki/Maria_Benvinda_Levy" title="Maria Benvinda Levy">Benvinda Levy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Namibia: <a href="/wiki/Saara_Kuugongelwa" title="Saara Kuugongelwa">Kuugongelwa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Niger: <a href="/wiki/Ali_Lamine_Zeine" title="Ali Lamine Zeine">Zeine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Nigeria: <a href="/wiki/Bola_Tinubu" title="Bola Tinubu">Tinubu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Rwanda: <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Ngirente" title="Édouard Ngirente">Ngirente</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic: <i><a href="/wiki/Bouchraya_Hammoudi_Bayoun" title="Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun">Bayoun</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">São Tomé and Príncipe: <a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rico_Ramos" title="Américo Ramos">Ramos</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Senegal: <a href="/wiki/Ousmane_Sonko" title="Ousmane Sonko">Sonko</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Sierra Leone: <a href="/wiki/David_Moinina_Sengeh" title="David Moinina Sengeh">Sengeh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Somalia: <a href="/wiki/Hamza_Abdi_Barre" title="Hamza Abdi Barre">Barre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Somaliland: <i><a href="/wiki/Abdirahman_Mohamed_Abdullahi" title="Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi">Abdirahman</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">South Africa: <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Ramaphosa" title="Cyril Ramaphosa">Ramaphosa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Sudan: <a href="/wiki/Osman_Hussein_(politician)" title="Osman Hussein (politician)">Hussein</a>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Tanzania: <a href="/wiki/Kassim_Majaliwa" title="Kassim Majaliwa">Majaliwa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Togo: <a href="/wiki/Victoire_Tomegah_Dogb%C3%A9" title="Victoire Tomegah Dogbé">Dogbé</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Tunisia: <a href="/wiki/Kamel_Madouri" title="Kamel Madouri">Madouri</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Uganda: <a href="/wiki/Robinah_Nabbanja" title="Robinah Nabbanja">Nabbanja</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Abkhazia: <i><a href="/wiki/Valeri_Bganba" title="Valeri Bganba">Bganba</a></i>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Afghanistan: <a href="/wiki/Hasan_Akhund" title="Hasan Akhund">Akhund</a>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Bahrain: <a href="/wiki/Salman_bin_Hamad_Al_Khalifa" title="Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa">Salman bin Hamad</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Bangladesh: <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Yunus</a>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Bhutan: <a href="/wiki/Tshering_Tobgay" title="Tshering Tobgay">Tobgay</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Brunei: <a href="/wiki/Hassanal_Bolkiah" title="Hassanal Bolkiah">Hassanal Bolkiah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Cambodia: <a href="/wiki/Hun_Manet" title="Hun Manet">Manet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">China: <a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">East Timor: <a href="/wiki/Xanana_Gusm%C3%A3o" title="Xanana Gusmão">Gusmão</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Hong Kong: <a href="/wiki/John_Lee_Ka-chiu" title="John Lee Ka-chiu">Lee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">India: <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Modi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Prabowo_Subianto" title="Prabowo Subianto">Prabowo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Iran: <a href="/wiki/Masoud_Pezeshkian" title="Masoud Pezeshkian">Pezeshkian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Iraq: <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Shia%27_Al_Sudani" title="Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani">Sudani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Israel: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Netanyahu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Japan: <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Ishiba</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Jordan: <a href="/wiki/Jafar_Hassan" title="Jafar Hassan">Hassan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Kazakhstan: <a href="/wiki/Oljas_Bektenov" title="Oljas Bektenov">Bektenov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Kuwait: <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Al-Abdullah_Al-Sabah" title="Ahmad Al-Abdullah Al-Sabah">Sabah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Kyrgyzstan: <a href="/wiki/Adylbek_Kasymaliev" title="Adylbek Kasymaliev">Kasymaliev</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Laos: <a href="/wiki/Sonexay_Siphandone" title="Sonexay Siphandone">Siphandone</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Lebanon: <a href="/wiki/Nawaf_Salam" title="Nawaf Salam">Salam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Malaysia: <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Ibrahim" title="Anwar Ibrahim">Anwar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Mongolia: <a href="/wiki/Luvsannamsrain_Oyun-Erdene" title="Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene">Oyun-Erdene</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Myanmar: <a href="/wiki/Min_Aung_Hlaing" title="Min Aung Hlaing">Min Aung Hlaing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Nepal: <a href="/wiki/K._P._Sharma_Oli" title="K. P. Sharma Oli">Oli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">North Korea: <a href="/wiki/Pak_Thae-song" title="Pak Thae-song">Pak</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Oman: <a href="/wiki/Haitham_bin_Tariq" title="Haitham bin Tariq">Haitham bin Tariq</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Shehbaz_Sharif" title="Shehbaz Sharif">Shehbaz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Palestine: <i><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mustafa_(politician)" title="Mohammad Mustafa (politician)">Mustafa</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Philippines: <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Marcos</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Qatar: <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Abdulrahman_bin_Jassim_Al_Thani" title="Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani">Mohammed bin Abdulrahman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Saudi Arabia: <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Salman" title="Mohammed bin Salman">Mohammed bin Salman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Singapore: <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Wong" title="Lawrence Wong">Wong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">South Korea: <a href="/wiki/Choi_Sang-mok" title="Choi Sang-mok">Choi</a>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">South Ossetia: <i><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Dzhussoev" title="Konstantin Dzhussoev">Dzhussoev</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Sri Lanka: <a href="/wiki/Harini_Amarasuriya" title="Harini Amarasuriya">Amarasuriya</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Syria: <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_al-Bashir" title="Mohammed al-Bashir">Al-Bashir</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Taiwan: <i><a href="/wiki/Cho_Jung-tai" title="Cho Jung-tai">Cho</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Tajikistan: <a href="/wiki/Kokhir_Rasulzoda" title="Kokhir Rasulzoda">Rasulzoda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Thailand: <a href="/wiki/Paetongtarn_Shinawatra" title="Paetongtarn Shinawatra">Paetongtarn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">United Arab Emirates: <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoum" title="Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum">Mohammed bin Rashid</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Uzbekistan: <a href="/wiki/Abdulla_Aripov" title="Abdulla Aripov">Aripov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Vietnam: <a href="/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A1m_Minh_Ch%C3%ADnh" title="Phạm Minh Chính">Phạm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Yemen: <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Awad_bin_Mubarak" title="Ahmad Awad bin Mubarak">Mubarak</a>*</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Albania: <a href="/wiki/Edi_Rama" title="Edi Rama">Rama</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Andorra: <a href="/wiki/Xavier_Espot_Zamora" title="Xavier Espot Zamora">Espot</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Armenia: <a href="/wiki/Nikol_Pashinyan" title="Nikol Pashinyan">Pashinyan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Austria: <a href="/wiki/Christian_Stocker" title="Christian Stocker">Stocker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Azerbaijan: <a href="/wiki/Ali_Asadov" title="Ali Asadov">Asadov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Belarus: <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Turchin" title="Alexander Turchin">Turchin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Belgium: <a href="/wiki/Bart_De_Wever" title="Bart De Wever">De Wever</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Bosnia and Herzegovina: <a href="/wiki/Borjana_Kri%C5%A1to" title="Borjana Krišto">Krišto</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Bulgaria: <a href="/wiki/Rosen_Zhelyazkov" title="Rosen Zhelyazkov">Zhelyazkov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Croatia: <a href="/wiki/Andrej_Plenkovi%C4%87" title="Andrej Plenković">Plenković</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Cyprus: <a href="/wiki/Nikos_Christodoulides" title="Nikos Christodoulides">Christodoulides</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Czech Republic: <a href="/wiki/Petr_Fiala" title="Petr Fiala">Fiala</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Denmark: <a href="/wiki/Mette_Frederiksen" title="Mette Frederiksen">Frederiksen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Estonia: <a href="/wiki/Kristen_Michal" title="Kristen Michal">Michal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Faroe Islands: <a href="/wiki/Aksel_V._Johannesen" title="Aksel V. Johannesen">Johannesen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Finland: <a href="/wiki/Petteri_Orpo" title="Petteri Orpo">Orpo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">France: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Bayrou" title="François Bayrou">Bayrou</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Georgia: <a href="/wiki/Irakli_Kobakhidze" title="Irakli Kobakhidze">Kobakhidze</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Germany: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Greece: <a href="/wiki/Kyriakos_Mitsotakis" title="Kyriakos Mitsotakis">Mitsotakis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Hungary: <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Orbán</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Iceland: <a href="/wiki/Kristr%C3%BAn_Frostad%C3%B3ttir" title="Kristrún Frostadóttir">Kristrún</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Ireland: <a href="/wiki/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin" title="Micheál Martin">Martin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Italy: <a href="/wiki/Giorgia_Meloni" title="Giorgia Meloni">Meloni</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Kosovo: <i><a href="/wiki/Albin_Kurti" title="Albin Kurti">Kurti</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Latvia: <a href="/wiki/Evika_Sili%C5%86a" title="Evika Siliņa">Siliņa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Liechtenstein: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Risch" title="Daniel Risch">Risch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Lithuania: <a href="/wiki/Gintautas_Paluckas" title="Gintautas Paluckas">Paluckas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Luxembourg: <a href="/wiki/Luc_Frieden" title="Luc Frieden">Frieden</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Malta: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Abela" title="Robert Abela">Abela</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Moldova: <a href="/wiki/Dorin_Recean" title="Dorin Recean">Recean</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Monaco: <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Berro-Amade%C3%AF" title="Isabelle Berro-Amadeï">Berro-Amadeï</a>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Montenegro: <a href="/wiki/Milojko_Spaji%C4%87" title="Milojko Spajić">Spajić</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Netherlands: <a href="/wiki/Dick_Schoof" title="Dick Schoof">Schoof</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">North Macedonia: <a href="/wiki/Hristijan_Mickoski" title="Hristijan Mickoski">Mickoski</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Norway: <a href="/wiki/Jonas_Gahr_St%C3%B8re" title="Jonas Gahr Støre">Støre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Poland: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Tusk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Portugal: <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Montenegro" title="Luís Montenegro">Montenegro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Romania: <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ciolacu" title="Marcel Ciolacu">Ciolacu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Russia: <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Mishustin" title="Mikhail Mishustin">Mishustin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Serbia: <a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Vu%C4%8Devi%C4%87" title="Miloš Vučević">Vučević</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Slovakia: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fico" title="Robert Fico">Fico</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Slovenia: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Golob" title="Robert Golob">Golob</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Spain: <a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Pedro Sánchez">Sánchez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Sweden: <a href="/wiki/Ulf_Kristersson" title="Ulf Kristersson">Kristersson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Switzerland: <a href="/wiki/Karin_Keller-Sutter" title="Karin Keller-Sutter">Keller-Sutter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guy_Parmelin" title="Guy Parmelin">Parmelin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ignazio_Cassis" title="Ignazio Cassis">Cassis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viola_Amherd" title="Viola Amherd">Amherd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_R%C3%B6sti" title="Albert Rösti">Rösti</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lisabeth_Baume-Schneider" title="Élisabeth Baume-Schneider">Baume-Schneider</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Beat_Jans" title="Beat Jans">Jans</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Turkey: <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Erdoğan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/Denys_Shmyhal" title="Denys Shmyhal">Shmyhal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Starmer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Vatican City: <a href="/wiki/Raffaella_Petrini" title="Raffaella Petrini">Petrini</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Aruba: <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Wever-Croes" title="Evelyn Wever-Croes">Wever-Croes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Anguilla: <a href="/wiki/Cora_Richardson-Hodge" title="Cora Richardson-Hodge">Richardson-Hodge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Antigua and Barbuda: <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Browne" title="Gaston Browne">Browne</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Bahamas: <a href="/wiki/Philip_Davis_(Bahamian_politician)" title="Philip Davis (Bahamian politician)">Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Barbados: <a href="/wiki/Mia_Mottley" title="Mia Mottley">Mottley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Bermuda: <a href="/wiki/David_Burt_(politician)" title="David Burt (politician)">Burt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Belize: <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Brice%C3%B1o" title="Johnny Briceño">Briceño</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">British Virgin Islands: <a href="/wiki/Natalio_Wheatley" title="Natalio Wheatley">Wheatley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Cayman Islands: <a href="/wiki/Julianna_O%27Connor-Connolly" title="Julianna O'Connor-Connolly">O'Connor-Connolly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Cuba: <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Marrero_Cruz" title="Manuel Marrero Cruz">Marrero Cruz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Curaçao: <a href="/wiki/Gilmar_Pisas" title="Gilmar Pisas">Pisas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Canada: <a href="/wiki/Mark_Carney" title="Mark Carney">Carney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Dominica: <a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Skerrit" title="Roosevelt Skerrit">Skerrit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Dominican Republic: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Abinader" title="Luis Abinader">Abinader</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">El Salvador: <a href="/wiki/Nayib_Bukele" title="Nayib Bukele">Bukele</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Greenland: <i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BAte_Bourup_Egede" title="Múte Bourup Egede">Egede</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Grenada: <a href="/wiki/Dickon_Mitchell" title="Dickon Mitchell">Mitchell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Guatemala: <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Ar%C3%A9valo" title="Bernardo Arévalo">Arévalo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Haiti: <a href="/wiki/Alix_Didier_Fils-Aim%C3%A9" title="Alix Didier Fils-Aimé">Fils-Aimé</a>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Jamaica: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Holness" title="Andrew Holness">Holness</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Mexico: <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Sheinbaum" title="Claudia Sheinbaum">Sheinbaum</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Montserrat: <a href="/wiki/Reuben_Meade" title="Reuben Meade">Meade</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Saint Kitts and Nevis: <a href="/wiki/Terrance_Drew" title="Terrance Drew">Drew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Saint Lucia: <a href="/wiki/Philip_J._Pierre" title="Philip J. Pierre">Pierre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Gonsalves" title="Ralph Gonsalves">Gonsalves</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Trinidad and Tobago: <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Young_(politician)" title="Stuart Young (politician)">Young</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">United States: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Argentina: <a href="/wiki/Javier_Milei" title="Javier Milei">Milei</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Bolivia: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Arce" title="Luis Arce">Arce</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Brazil: <a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Lula</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Chile: <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Boric" title="Gabriel Boric">Boric</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Colombia: <a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Petro" title="Gustavo Petro">Petro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Ecuador: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Noboa" title="Daniel Noboa">Noboa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Guyana: <a href="/wiki/Irfaan_Ali" title="Irfaan Ali">Ali</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Paraguay: <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Pe%C3%B1a" title="Santiago Peña">Peña</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Peru: <a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Adrianz%C3%A9n" title="Gustavo Adrianzén">Adrianzén</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Suriname: <a href="/wiki/Chan_Santokhi" title="Chan Santokhi">Santokhi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Uruguay: <a href="/wiki/Yamand%C3%BA_Orsi" title="Yamandú Orsi">Orsi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Venezuela: <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro" title="Nicolás Maduro">Maduro</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Australia: <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Albanese" title="Anthony Albanese">Albanese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Cook Islands: <a href="/wiki/Mark_Brown_(Cook_Islands)" title="Mark Brown (Cook Islands)">Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Fiji: <a href="/wiki/Sitiveni_Rabuka" title="Sitiveni Rabuka">Rabuka</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Nauru: <a href="/wiki/David_Adeang" title="David Adeang">Adeang</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Luxon" title="Christopher Luxon">Luxon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Niue: <a href="/wiki/Dalton_Tagelagi" title="Dalton Tagelagi">Tagelagi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Papua New Guinea: <a href="/wiki/James_Marape" title="James Marape">Marape</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Samoa: <a href="/wiki/Fiam%C4%93_Naomi_Mata%CA%BBafa" title="Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa">Mataʻafa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Solomon Islands: <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Manele" title="Jeremiah Manele">Manele</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Tonga: <a href="/wiki/%CA%BBAisake_Eke" title="ʻAisake Eke">Eke</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Tuvalu: <a href="/wiki/Feleti_Teo" title="Feleti Teo">Teo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Vanuatu: <a href="/wiki/Jotham_Napat" title="Jotham Napat">Napat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div>Asterisk (*) indicate an acting head of government <b>·</b> <i>Italics</i> indicate a head of government of non-UN member state</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chancellor_candidates_of_Germany346" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:German_chancellor_candidates" title="Template:German chancellor candidates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:German_chancellor_candidates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:German chancellor candidates (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:German_chancellor_candidates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:German chancellor candidates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chancellor_candidates_of_Germany346" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_candidate" title="Chancellor candidate">Chancellor candidates of Germany</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">For <a href="/wiki/CDU/CSU" title="CDU/CSU">CDU/CSU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b><a href="/wiki/1949_West_German_federal_election" title="1949 West German federal election">1949</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/1953_West_German_federal_election" title="1953 West German federal election">1953</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/1957_West_German_federal_election" title="1957 West German federal election">1957</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/1957_West_German_federal_election" title="1957 West German federal election">1961</a></b>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Erhard" title="Ludwig Erhard">Ludwig Erhard</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b><a href="/wiki/1965_West_German_federal_election" title="1965 West German federal election">1965</a></b>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Georg_Kiesinger" title="Kurt Georg Kiesinger">Kurt Georg Kiesinger</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/1969_West_German_federal_election" title="1969 West German federal election">1969</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Barzel" title="Rainer Barzel">Rainer Barzel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/1972_West_German_federal_election" title="1972 West German federal election">1972</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/1976_West_German_federal_election" title="1976 West German federal election">1976</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/1983_West_German_federal_election" title="1983 West German federal election">1983</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/1987_West_German_federal_election" title="1987 West German federal election">1987</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/1990_German_federal_election" title="1990 German federal election">1990</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/1994_German_federal_election" title="1994 German federal election">1994</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/1998_German_federal_election" title="1998 German federal election">1998</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Strau%C3%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="Franz Josef Strauß">Franz Josef Strauß</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/1980_West_German_federal_election" title="1980 West German federal election">1980</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Stoiber" title="Edmund Stoiber">Edmund Stoiber</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/2002_German_federal_election" title="2002 German federal election">2002</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b><a href="/wiki/2005_German_federal_election" title="2005 German federal election">2005</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/2009_German_federal_election" title="2009 German federal election">2009</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/2013_German_federal_election" title="2013 German federal election">2013</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/2017_German_federal_election" title="2017 German federal election">2017</a></b>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armin_Laschet" title="Armin Laschet">Armin Laschet</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/2021_German_federal_election" title="2021 German federal election">2021</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">For <a href="/wiki/SPD" class="mw-redirect" title="SPD">SPD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Schumacher" title="Kurt Schumacher">Kurt Schumacher</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/1949_West_German_federal_election" title="1949 West German federal election">1949</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Ollenhauer" title="Erich Ollenhauer">Erich Ollenhauer </a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/1953_West_German_federal_election" title="1953 West German federal election">1953</a>, <a href="/wiki/1957_West_German_federal_election" title="1957 West German federal election">1957</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/1961_West_German_federal_election" title="1961 West German federal election">1961</a>, <a href="/wiki/1965_West_German_federal_election" title="1965 West German federal election">1965</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/1969_West_German_federal_election" title="1969 West German federal election">1969</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/1972_West_German_federal_election" title="1972 West German federal election">1972</a></b>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b><a href="/wiki/1976_West_German_federal_election" title="1976 West German federal election">1976</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/1976_West_German_federal_election" title="1976 West German federal election">1980</a></b>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Jochen_Vogel" title="Hans-Jochen Vogel">Hans-Jochen Vogel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/1983_West_German_federal_election" title="1983 West German federal election">1983</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Rau" title="Johannes Rau">Johannes Rau</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/1987_West_German_federal_election" title="1987 West German federal election">1987</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Lafontaine" title="Oskar Lafontaine">Oskar Lafontaine</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/1990_German_federal_election" title="1990 German federal election">1990</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Scharping" title="Rudolf Scharping">Rudolf Scharping</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/1994_German_federal_election" title="1994 German federal election">1994</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b><a href="/wiki/1998_German_federal_election" title="1998 German federal election">1998</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/2002_German_federal_election" title="2002 German federal election">2002</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/2005_German_federal_election" title="2005 German federal election">2005</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/2009_German_federal_election" title="2009 German federal election">2009</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peer_Steinbr%C3%BCck" title="Peer Steinbrück">Peer Steinbrück</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/2013_German_federal_election" title="2013 German federal election">2013</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Schulz" title="Martin Schulz">Martin Schulz</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/2017_German_federal_election" title="2017 German federal election">2017</a>)</span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olaf Scholz</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<b><a href="/wiki/2021_German_federal_election" title="2021 German federal election">2021</a></b>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">For <a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">FDP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Westerwelle" title="Guido Westerwelle">Guido Westerwelle</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/2002_German_federal_election" title="2002 German federal election">2002</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">For <a href="/wiki/Alliance_%2790/The_Greens" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance '90/The Greens">Greens</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annalena_Baerbock" title="Annalena Baerbock">Annalena Baerbock</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/2021_German_federal_election" title="2021 German federal election">2021</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">For <a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">AfD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Weidel" title="Alice Weidel">Alice Weidel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/2025_German_federal_election" title="2025 German federal election">2025</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">For <a href="/wiki/Sahra_Wagenknecht_Alliance" title="Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance">BSW</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sahra_Wagenknecht" title="Sahra Wagenknecht">Sahra Wagenknecht</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/2025_German_federal_election" title="2025 German federal election">2025</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Note: The candidate became chancellor in the marked election years.</i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Finance_ministers_of_Germany820" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Finance_ministers_of_Germany" title="Template:Finance ministers of Germany"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Finance_ministers_of_Germany" title="Template talk:Finance ministers of Germany"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Finance_ministers_of_Germany" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Finance ministers of Germany"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Finance_ministers_of_Germany820" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_of_Finance_(Germany)" title="Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany)">Finance ministers</a> of <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a><br />(1871–1918) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire"><img alt="German Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_von_Scholz" title="Adolf von Scholz">Adolf von Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_Emil_Emanuel_von_Burchard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz Emil Emanuel von Burchard (page does not exist)">Franz Emil Emanuel von Burchard</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Rudolf_Jacobi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Rudolf Jacobi (page does not exist)">Karl Rudolf Jacobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmuth_von_Maltzahn" title="Helmuth von Maltzahn">Baron Helmuth von Maltzahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_von_Posadowsky-Wehner" title="Arthur von Posadowsky-Wehner">Arthur von Posadowsky-Wehner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Franz_Guido_von_Thielmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Franz Guido von Thielmann (page does not exist)">Max Franz Guido von Thielmann </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_von_Stengel" title="Hermann von Stengel">Baron Hermann von Stengel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhold_Sydow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhold Sydow (page does not exist)">Reinhold Sydow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adolf_Wermuth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adolf Wermuth (page does not exist)">Adolf Wermuth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_K%C3%BChn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Kühn (page does not exist)">Hermann Kühn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Helfferich" title="Karl Helfferich">Karl Helfferich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siegfried_von_Roedern" title="Siegfried von Roedern">Siegfried von Roedern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Weimar Republic</a><br />(1918–1933) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Schiffer" title="Eugen Schiffer">Eugen Schiffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Dernburg" title="Bernhard Dernburg">Bernhard Dernburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Erzberger" title="Matthias Erzberger">Matthias Erzberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Wirth" title="Joseph Wirth">Joseph Wirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Hermes" title="Andreas Hermes">Andreas Hermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Hilferding" title="Rudolf Hilferding">Rudolf Hilferding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Luther" title="Hans Luther">Hans Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto_von_Schlieben&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otto von Schlieben (page does not exist)">Otto von Schlieben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Luther" title="Hans Luther">Hans Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Reinhold" title="Peter Reinhold">Peter Reinhold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_K%C3%B6hler" title="Heinrich Köhler">Heinrich Köhler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Hilferding" title="Rudolf Hilferding">Rudolf Hilferding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Moldenhauer" title="Paul Moldenhauer">Paul Moldenhauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning" title="Heinrich Brüning">Heinrich Brüning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Dietrich" title="Hermann Dietrich">Hermann Dietrich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a><br />(1933–1945) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lutz_Graf_Schwerin_von_Krosigk" title="Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk">Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a><br />(1949–1990) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany"><img alt="East Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Loch" title="Hans Loch">Hans Loch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Rumpf" title="Willy Rumpf">Willy Rumpf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siegfried_B%C3%B6hm" title="Siegfried Böhm">Siegfried Böhm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Schmieder" title="Werner Schmieder">Werner Schmieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_H%C3%B6fner_(politician)" title="Ernst Höfner (politician)">Ernst Höfner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uta_Nickel" title="Uta Nickel">Uta Nickel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Romberg" title="Walter Romberg">Walter Romberg </a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Skowron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Skowron (page does not exist)">Werner Skowron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Germany">Federal Republic of Germany</a><br />(1949–) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Sch%C3%A4ffer" title="Fritz Schäffer">Fritz Schäffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Etzel" title="Franz Etzel">Franz Etzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Starke" title="Heinz Starke">Heinz Starke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Dahlgr%C3%BCn" title="Rolf Dahlgrün">Rolf Dahlgrün</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Schm%C3%BCcker" title="Kurt Schmücker">Kurt Schmücker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Strauss" title="Franz Josef Strauss">Franz Josef Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_M%C3%B6ller" title="Alex Möller">Alex Möller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Schiller" title="Karl Schiller">Karl Schiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Apel" title="Hans Apel">Hans Apel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Matth%C3%B6fer" title="Hans Matthöfer">Hans Matthöfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Lahnstein" title="Manfred Lahnstein">Manfred Lahnstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Stoltenberg" title="Gerhard Stoltenberg">Gerhard Stoltenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theo_Waigel" title="Theo Waigel">Theo Waigel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Lafontaine" title="Oskar Lafontaine">Oskar Lafontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Eichel" title="Hans Eichel">Hans Eichel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peer_Steinbr%C3%BCck" title="Peer Steinbrück">Peer Steinbrück</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble" title="Wolfgang Schäuble">Wolfgang Schäuble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Altmaier" title="Peter Altmaier">Peter Altmaier</a><span style="font-size:85%;">(Acting)</span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olaf Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Lindner" title="Christian Lindner">Christian Lindner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Kukies" title="Jörg Kukies">Jörg Kukies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany539" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Template:Social Democratic Party of Germany"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Template talk:Social Democratic Party of Germany"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Social Democratic Party of Germany"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany539" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany"><span style="color:white;">Social Democratic Party of Germany</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%;text-align: left">President of Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%">Weimar Republic<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1918–1933)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Friedrich Ebert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%">Federal Republic<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1949–present)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Heinemann" title="Gustav Heinemann">Gustav Heinemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Rau" title="Johannes Rau">Johannes Rau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_B%C3%B6hrnsen" title="Jens Böhrnsen">Jens Böhrnsen</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<i>Acting</i>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%;text-align: left">Chancellor of Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%">Weimar Republic<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1918–1933)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Friedrich Ebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Scheidemann" title="Philipp Scheidemann">Philipp Scheidemann</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(as Reich Minister President)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Bauer" title="Gustav Bauer">Gustav Bauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller_(politician,_born_1876)" title="Hermann Müller (politician, born 1876)">Hermann Müller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%">Federal Republic<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1949–present)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olaf Scholz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%;text-align: left">Federal chairmen<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1946)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Schumacher" title="Kurt Schumacher">Kurt Schumacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Ollenhauer" title="Erich Ollenhauer">Erich Ollenhauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Jochen_Vogel" title="Hans-Jochen Vogel">Hans-Jochen Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Engholm" title="Björn Engholm">Björn Engholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Scharping" title="Rudolf Scharping">Rudolf Scharping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Lafontaine" title="Oskar Lafontaine">Oskar Lafontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Platzeck" title="Matthias Platzeck">Matthias Platzeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Beck" title="Kurt Beck">Kurt Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmar_Gabriel" title="Sigmar Gabriel">Sigmar Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Schulz" title="Martin Schulz">Martin Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Nahles" title="Andrea Nahles">Andrea Nahles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saskia_Esken" title="Saskia Esken">Saskia Esken</a> & <a href="/wiki/Norbert_Walter-Borjans" title="Norbert Walter-Borjans">Norbert Walter-Borjans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saskia_Esken" title="Saskia Esken">Saskia Esken</a> & <a href="/wiki/Lars_Klingbeil" title="Lars Klingbeil">Lars Klingbeil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%;text-align: left">Leaders in the <br /> Bundestag</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Schumacher" title="Kurt Schumacher">Kurt Schumacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Ollenhauer" title="Erich Ollenhauer">Erich Ollenhauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Erler_(politician)" title="Fritz Erler (politician)">Fritz Erler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Wehner" title="Herbert Wehner">Herbert Wehner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Jochen_Vogel" title="Hans-Jochen Vogel">Hans-Jochen Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Ulrich_Klose" title="Hans-Ulrich Klose">Hans-Ulrich Klose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Scharping" title="Rudolf Scharping">Rudolf Scharping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Struck_(politician)" title="Peter Struck (politician)">Peter Struck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Stiegler" title="Ludwig Stiegler">Ludwig Stiegler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Struck_(politician)" title="Peter Struck (politician)">Peter Struck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Oppermann" title="Thomas Oppermann">Thomas Oppermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Nahles" title="Andrea Nahles">Andrea Nahles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_M%C3%BCtzenich" title="Rolf Mützenich">Rolf Mützenich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%;text-align: left">General Secretaries<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1999)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olaf Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Uwe_Benneter" title="Klaus Uwe Benneter">Klaus Uwe Benneter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Hubertus Heil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Nahles" title="Andrea Nahles">Andrea Nahles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasmin_Fahimi" title="Yasmin Fahimi">Yasmin Fahimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katarina_Barley" title="Katarina Barley">Katarina Barley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Hubertus Heil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Klingbeil" title="Lars Klingbeil">Lars Klingbeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_K%C3%BChnert" title="Kevin Kühnert">Kevin Kühnert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%;text-align: left">Governments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiesinger_cabinet" title="Kiesinger cabinet">Kiesinger</a></li> <li>Brandt (<a href="/wiki/First_Brandt_cabinet" title="First Brandt cabinet">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Brandt_cabinet" title="Second Brandt cabinet">II</a>)</li> <li>Schmidt (<a href="/wiki/First_Schmidt_cabinet" title="First Schmidt cabinet">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Schmidt_cabinet" title="Second Schmidt cabinet">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Schmidt_cabinet" title="Third Schmidt cabinet">III</a>)</li> <li>Schröder (<a href="/wiki/First_Schr%C3%B6der_cabinet" title="First Schröder cabinet">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Schr%C3%B6der_cabinet" title="Second Schröder cabinet">II</a>)</li> <li>Merkel (<a href="/wiki/First_Merkel_cabinet" title="First Merkel cabinet">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Merkel_cabinet" title="Third Merkel cabinet">III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Merkel_cabinet" title="Fourth Merkel cabinet">IV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholz_cabinet" title="Scholz cabinet">Scholz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%;text-align: left">Affiliated organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert_Foundation" title="Friedrich Ebert Foundation">Friedrich Ebert Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jusos" class="mw-redirect" title="Jusos">Jusos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Trade_Union_Confederation" title="German Trade Union Confederation">German Trade Union Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund_Deutschland" title="Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund Deutschland">Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parlamentarische_Linke" title="Parlamentarische Linke">Parlamentarische Linke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seeheimer_Kreis" title="Seeheimer Kreis">Seeheimer Kreis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;;width:1%;text-align: left">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_coalition_(Germany)" title="Grand coalition (Germany)">Grand coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social%E2%80%93liberal_coalition" title="Social–liberal coalition">Social–liberal coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red%E2%80%93green_alliance" title="Red–green alliance">Red–green coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red%E2%80%93red%E2%80%93green_coalition" title="Red–red–green coalition">Red–red–green coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-red-green_coalition" title="Black-red-green coalition">Kenya coalition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#E3000F;color:white;"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Category:Christian Democratic Union of Germany"><span style="color:white;">Category</span></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairmen_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany462" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SPDHeads" title="Template:SPDHeads"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SPDHeads" title="Template talk:SPDHeads"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SPDHeads" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SPDHeads"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairmen_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany462" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairmen of the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party of Germany</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.25em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; text-align:left;">SPD<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="nobold">(1890–1933)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Singer_(politician)" title="Paul Singer (politician)">Paul Singer</a> & <a href="/wiki/Alwin_Gerisch" title="Alwin Gerisch">Alwin Gerisch</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1890–92)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Singer_(politician)" title="Paul Singer (politician)">Paul Singer</a> & <a href="/wiki/August_Bebel" title="August Bebel">August Bebel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1892–1911)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Bebel" title="August Bebel">August Bebel</a> & <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Haase" title="Hugo Haase">Hugo Haase</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1911–13)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Haase" title="Hugo Haase">Hugo Haase</a> & <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Friedrich Ebert</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1913–16)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Friedrich Ebert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Scheidemann" title="Philipp Scheidemann">Philipp Scheidemann</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1917–19)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Wels" title="Otto Wels">Otto Wels</a> & <a href="/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller_(politician,_born_1876)" title="Hermann Müller (politician, born 1876)">Herman Müller</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1919–22)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Wels" title="Otto Wels">Otto Wels</a> & <a href="/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller_(politician,_born_1876)" title="Hermann Müller (politician, born 1876)">Herman Müller</a> & <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Crispien" title="Arthur Crispien">Arthur Crispien</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1922–28)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Wels" title="Otto Wels">Otto Wels</a> & <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Crispien" title="Arthur Crispien">Arthur Crispien</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1928–31)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Crispien" title="Arthur Crispien">Arthur Crispien</a> & <a href="/wiki/Otto_Wels" title="Otto Wels">Otto Wels</a> & <a href="/wiki/Hans_Vogel" title="Hans Vogel">Hans Vogel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1931–33)</span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands,_Logo_um_2000.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="SPD logo"><img alt="SPD logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands%2C_Logo_um_2000.svg/80px-Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands%2C_Logo_um_2000.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands%2C_Logo_um_2000.svg/120px-Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands%2C_Logo_um_2000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands%2C_Logo_um_2000.svg/160px-Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands%2C_Logo_um_2000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.25em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sopade" title="Sopade">SPD-in-exile</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="nobold">(1933–1945)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Wels" title="Otto Wels">Otto Wels</a> & <a href="/wiki/Hans_Vogel" title="Hans Vogel">Hans Vogel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1933–39)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Vogel" title="Hans Vogel">Hans Vogel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1939–45)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.25em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; text-align:left;">SPD<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="nobold">(since 1945)</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Schumacher" title="Kurt Schumacher">Kurt Schumacher</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1945–52)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Ollenhauer" title="Erich Ollenhauer">Erich Ollenhauer</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1953–63)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1964–87)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Jochen_Vogel" title="Hans-Jochen Vogel">Hans-Jochen Vogel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987–91)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Engholm" title="Björn Engholm">Björn Engholm</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1991–93</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Scharping" title="Rudolf Scharping">Rudolf Scharping</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1993–95)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Lafontaine" title="Oskar Lafontaine">Oskar Lafontaine</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995–99)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1999–2004)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2004–05)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Platzeck" title="Matthias Platzeck">Matthias Platzeck</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2005–06)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Beck" title="Kurt Beck">Kurt Beck</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2006–08)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2008–09)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmar_Gabriel" title="Sigmar Gabriel">Sigmar Gabriel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009–17)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Schulz" title="Martin Schulz">Martin Schulz</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017–18)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Nahles" title="Andrea Nahles">Andrea Nahles</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2018–19)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saskia_Esken" title="Saskia Esken">Saskia Esken</a> & <a href="/wiki/Norbert_Walter-Borjans" title="Norbert Walter-Borjans">Norbert Walter-Borjans</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2019–21)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saskia_Esken" title="Saskia Esken">Saskia Esken</a> & <a href="/wiki/Lars_Klingbeil" title="Lars Klingbeil">Lars Klingbeil</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2021–present)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="First_mayors_of_Hamburg_since_1861198" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mayors_of_Hamburg" title="Template:Mayors of Hamburg"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mayors_of_Hamburg" title="Template talk:Mayors of Hamburg"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mayors_of_Hamburg" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mayors of Hamburg"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="First_mayors_of_Hamburg_since_1861198" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Hamburg" title="List of mayors of Hamburg">First mayors</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> since 1861</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">under the 1860 constitution (1861–1918)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolaus_Binder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolaus Binder (page does not exist)">Nicolaus Binder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Sieveking&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Sieveking (page does not exist)">Friedrich Sieveking</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Ferdinand_Haller" title="Nicolaus Ferdinand Haller">Ferdinand Haller</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Sieveking&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Sieveking (page does not exist)">Friedrich Sieveking</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Ferdinand_Haller" title="Nicolaus Ferdinand Haller">Ferdinand Haller</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Sieveking&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Sieveking (page does not exist)">Friedrich Sieveking</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Heinrich_Kirchenpauer" title="Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer">Gustav Kirchenpauer</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Ferdinand_Haller" title="Nicolaus Ferdinand Haller">Ferdinand Haller</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Heinrich_Kirchenpauer" title="Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer">Gustav Kirchenpauer</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Ferdinand_Haller" title="Nicolaus Ferdinand Haller">Ferdinand Haller</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Gossler" title="Hermann Gossler">Hermann Gossler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Heinrich_Kirchenpauer" title="Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer">Gustav Kirchenpauer</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Petersen" title="Carl Friedrich Petersen">Carl F. Petersen</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Heinrich_Kirchenpauer" title="Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer">Gustav Kirchenpauer</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Anthony_Cornelius_Weber" title="Hermann Anthony Cornelius Weber">Hermann Weber</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Petersen" title="Carl Friedrich Petersen">Carl F. Petersen</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Heinrich_Kirchenpauer" title="Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer">Gustav Kirchenpauer</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Anthony_Cornelius_Weber" title="Hermann Anthony Cornelius Weber">Hermann Weber</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Petersen" title="Carl Friedrich Petersen">Carl F. Petersen</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Heinrich_Kirchenpauer" title="Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer">Gustav Kirchenpauer</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Anthony_Cornelius_Weber" title="Hermann Anthony Cornelius Weber">Hermann Weber</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Petersen" title="Carl Friedrich Petersen">Carl F. Petersen</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Heinrich_Kirchenpauer" title="Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer">Gustav Kirchenpauer</a> (7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Versmann" title="Johannes Versmann">Johannes Versmann</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Petersen" title="Carl Friedrich Petersen">Carl F. Petersen</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_M%C3%B6nckeberg" title="Johann Georg Mönckeberg">Johann Georg Mönckeberg</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Versmann" title="Johannes Versmann">Johannes Versmann</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Petersen" title="Carl Friedrich Petersen">Carl F. Petersen</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_M%C3%B6nckeberg" title="Johann Georg Mönckeberg">Johann Georg Mönckeberg</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Versmann" title="Johannes Versmann">Johannes Versmann</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Christian_Eugen_Lehmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Christian Eugen Lehmann (page does not exist)">Johannes Lehmann</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_M%C3%B6nckeberg" title="Johann Georg Mönckeberg">Johann Georg Mönckeberg</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Versmann" title="Johannes Versmann">Johannes Versmann</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Christian_Eugen_Lehmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Christian Eugen Lehmann (page does not exist)">Johannes Lehmann</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_M%C3%B6nckeberg" title="Johann Georg Mönckeberg">Johann Georg Mönckeberg</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Christian_Eugen_Lehmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Christian Eugen Lehmann (page does not exist)">Johannes Lehmann</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Hachmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Hachmann (page does not exist)">Gerhard Hachmann</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_M%C3%B6nckeberg" title="Johann Georg Mönckeberg">Johann Georg Mönckeberg</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Heinrich_Burchard" title="Johann Heinrich Burchard">Heinrich Burchard</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Hachmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Hachmann (page does not exist)">Gerhard Hachmann</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_M%C3%B6nckeberg" title="Johann Georg Mönckeberg">Johann Georg Mönckeberg</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Heinrich_Burchard" title="Johann Heinrich Burchard">Heinrich Burchard</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Otto_Stammann" title="Johann Otto Stammann">Johann Stammann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_M%C3%B6nckeberg" title="Johann Georg Mönckeberg">Johann Georg Mönckeberg</a> (7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Heinrich_Burchard" title="Johann Heinrich Burchard">Heinrich Burchard</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Pred%C3%B6hl" title="Max Predöhl">Max Predöhl</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Heinrich_Burchard" title="Johann Heinrich Burchard">Heinrich Burchard</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_August_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Carl August Schröder">August Schröder</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Pred%C3%B6hl" title="Max Predöhl">Max Predöhl</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_von_Melle" title="Werner von Melle">Werner von Melle</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_August_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Carl August Schröder">August Schröder</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Pred%C3%B6hl" title="Max Predöhl">Max Predöhl</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_von_Melle" title="Werner von Melle">Werner von Melle</a> (2)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DEU_Hamburg_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Hamburg"><img alt="Coat of arms of Hamburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/DEU_Hamburg_COA.svg/40px-DEU_Hamburg_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/DEU_Hamburg_COA.svg/60px-DEU_Hamburg_COA.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="315" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Weimar period (1919–1933)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Werner_von_Melle" title="Werner von Melle">Werner von Melle</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Sthamer" title="Friedrich Sthamer">Friedrich Sthamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Diestel" title="Arnold Diestel">Arnold Diestel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Wilhelm_Petersen" title="Carl Wilhelm Petersen">Carl W. Petersen</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Ross" title="Rudolf Ross">Rudolf Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Wilhelm_Petersen" title="Carl Wilhelm Petersen">Carl W. Petersen</a> (2)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nazi period (1933–1945)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Vincent_Krogmann" title="Carl Vincent Krogmann">Carl Vincent Krogmann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary Hamburg<br />(since 1945)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Petersen" title="Rudolf Petersen">Rudolf Petersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Brauer" title="Max Brauer">Max Brauer</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Sieveking" title="Kurt Sieveking">Kurt Sieveking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Brauer" title="Max Brauer">Max Brauer</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Nevermann" title="Paul Nevermann">Paul Nevermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Weichmann" title="Herbert Weichmann">Herbert Weichmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Schulz" title="Peter Schulz">Peter Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Ulrich_Klose" title="Hans-Ulrich Klose">Hans-Ulrich Klose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_von_Dohnanyi" title="Klaus von Dohnanyi">Klaus von Dohnanyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henning_Voscherau" title="Henning Voscherau">Henning Voscherau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortwin_Runde" title="Ortwin Runde">Ortwin Runde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ole_von_Beust" title="Ole von Beust">Ole von Beust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Ahlhaus" title="Christoph Ahlhaus">Christoph Ahlhaus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olaf Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Tschentscher" title="Peter Tschentscher">Peter Tschentscher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="First_Merkel_cabinet_(2005–2009)38" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cabinet_Merkel_I" title="Template:Cabinet Merkel I"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cabinet_Merkel_I" title="Template talk:Cabinet Merkel I"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cabinet_Merkel_I" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cabinet Merkel I"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="First_Merkel_cabinet_(2005–2009)38" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/First_Merkel_cabinet" title="First Merkel cabinet">First Merkel cabinet</a> (2005–2009)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a></b> (CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a>/<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olaf Scholz</a> (since 22 November 2007; SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble" title="Wolfgang Schäuble">Wolfgang Schäuble</a> (CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Zypries" title="Brigitte Zypries">Brigitte Zypries</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peer_Steinbr%C3%BCck" title="Peer Steinbrück">Peer Steinbrück</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Glos" title="Michael Glos">Michael Glos</a>/<a href="/wiki/Karl-Theodor_zu_Guttenberg" title="Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg">Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg</a> (since 10 February 2009; CSU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Seehofer" title="Horst Seehofer">Horst Seehofer</a>/<a href="/wiki/Ilse_Aigner" title="Ilse Aigner">Ilse Aigner</a> (since 31 October 2008; CSU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Jung" title="Franz Josef Jung">Franz Josef Jung</a> (CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> (CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulla_Schmidt" title="Ulla Schmidt">Ulla Schmidt</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Tiefensee" title="Wolfgang Tiefensee">Wolfgang Tiefensee</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmar_Gabriel" title="Sigmar Gabriel">Sigmar Gabriel</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Schavan" title="Annette Schavan">Annette Schavan</a> (CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidemarie_Wieczorek-Zeul" title="Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul">Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_de_Maizi%C3%A8re" title="Thomas de Maizière">Thomas de Maizière</a> (CDU)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bundesadler"><img alt="Bundesadler" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/35px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/53px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/70px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="224" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fourth_Merkel_cabinet_(2018–2021)39" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cabinet_Merkel_IV" title="Template:Cabinet Merkel IV"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cabinet_Merkel_IV" title="Template talk:Cabinet Merkel IV"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cabinet_Merkel_IV" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cabinet Merkel IV"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fourth_Merkel_cabinet_(2018–2021)39" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Merkel_cabinet" title="Fourth Merkel cabinet">Fourth Merkel cabinet</a> (2018–2021)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a></b> (CDU)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olaf Scholz</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heiko_Maas" title="Heiko Maas">Heiko Maas</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Seehofer" title="Horst Seehofer">Horst Seehofer</a> (CSU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katarina_Barley" title="Katarina Barley">Katarina Barley</a> (until 27 June 2019, SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lambrecht" title="Christine Lambrecht">Christine Lambrecht</a> (since 27 June 2019, SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Altmaier" title="Peter Altmaier">Peter Altmaier</a> (CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Hubertus Heil</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Kl%C3%B6ckner" title="Julia Klöckner">Julia Klöckner</a> (CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> (until 17 July 2019, CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annegret_Kramp-Karrenbauer" title="Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer">Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer</a> (since 17 July 2019, CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franziska_Giffey" title="Franziska Giffey">Franziska Giffey</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Spahn" title="Jens Spahn">Jens Spahn</a> (CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Scheuer" title="Andreas Scheuer">Andreas Scheuer</a> (CSU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svenja_Schulze" title="Svenja Schulze">Svenja Schulze</a> (SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Karliczek" title="Anja Karliczek">Anja Karliczek</a> (CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Gerd Müller (politician)">Gerd Müller</a> (CSU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helge_Braun" title="Helge Braun">Helge Braun</a> (CDU)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bundesadler"><img alt="Bundesadler" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/35px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/53px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/70px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="224" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Scholz_Cabinet_(since_8_December_2021)57" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cabinet_Scholz" title="Template:Cabinet Scholz"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cabinet_Scholz" title="Template talk:Cabinet Scholz"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cabinet_Scholz" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cabinet Scholz"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Scholz_Cabinet_(since_8_December_2021)57" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Scholz_cabinet" title="Scholz cabinet">Scholz Cabinet</a> (since 8 December 2021)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olaf Scholz</a></b> (SPD) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Habeck" title="Robert Habeck">Robert Habeck</a> (Grüne) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Lindner" title="Christian Lindner">Christian Lindner</a> (until 7 November 2024, FDP) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Kukies" title="Jörg Kukies">Jörg Kukies</a> (since 7 November 2024, SPD) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annalena_Baerbock" title="Annalena Baerbock">Annalena Baerbock</a> (Grüne) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Faeser" title="Nancy Faeser">Nancy Faeser</a> (SPD) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Buschmann" title="Marco Buschmann">Marco Buschmann</a> (until 7 November 2024, FDP) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Hubertus Heil</a> (SPD) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cem_%C3%96zdemir" title="Cem Özdemir">Cem Özdemir</a> (Grüne) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lambrecht" title="Christine Lambrecht">Christine Lambrecht</a> (until 19 January 2023, SPD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Pistorius" title="Boris Pistorius">Boris Pistorius</a> (since 19 January 2023, SPD) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Spiegel" title="Anne Spiegel">Anne Spiegel</a> (until 25 April 2022, Grüne)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Paus" title="Lisa Paus">Lisa Paus</a> (since 25 April 2022, Grüne) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Lauterbach" title="Karl Lauterbach">Karl Lauterbach</a> (SPD) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Wissing" title="Volker Wissing">Volker Wissing</a> (FDP) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffi_Lemke" title="Steffi Lemke">Steffi Lemke</a> (Grüne) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Stark-Watzinger" title="Bettina Stark-Watzinger">Bettina Stark-Watzinger</a> (until 7 November 2024, FDP) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svenja_Schulze" title="Svenja Schulze">Svenja Schulze</a> (SPD) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klara_Geywitz" title="Klara Geywitz">Klara Geywitz</a> (SPD) |</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Wolfgang Schmidt (politician)">Wolfgang Schmidt</a> (SPD)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bundesadler"><img alt="Bundesadler" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/35px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/53px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/70px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="224" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_14th_Bundestag_(1998–2002)334" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Members_of_the_14th_Bundestag" title="Template:Members of the 14th Bundestag"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Members_of_the_14th_Bundestag" title="Template talk:Members of the 14th Bundestag"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Members_of_the_14th_Bundestag" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Members of the 14th Bundestag"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_14th_Bundestag_(1998–2002)334" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/20px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/30px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/39px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="348" /></span></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/29px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/57px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_14th_Bundestag" title="List of members of the 14th Bundestag">Members of the 14th Bundestag (1998–2002)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Bundestag" title="President of the Bundestag">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Thierse" title="Wolfgang Thierse">Wolfgang Thierse</a> (<a href="/wiki/SPD" class="mw-redirect" title="SPD">SPD</a>)</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">SPD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Template:14th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:14th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Template talk:14th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:14th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Special:EditPage/Template:14th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="SPD100" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">SPD</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Struck_(politician)" title="Peter Struck (politician)">Peter Struck</a>, since 25 July 2002 <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Stiegler" title="Ludwig Stiegler">Ludwig Stiegler</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Adler" title="Brigitte Adler">Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_Andres" title="Gerd Andres">Andres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Arndt-Brauer" title="Ingrid Arndt-Brauer">Arndt-Brauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Arnold" title="Rainer Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Bachmaier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Bachmaier (page does not exist)">Bachmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Bahr" title="Ernst Bahr">Bahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Barnett" title="Doris Barnett">Barnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Bartels" title="Hans-Peter Bartels">Bartels</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eckhardt_Barthel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eckhardt Barthel (page does not exist)">Barthel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Barthel" title="Klaus Barthel">Barthel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingrid_Becker-Inglau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingrid Becker-Inglau (page does not exist)">Becker-Inglau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Behrendt_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Behrendt (politician) (page does not exist)">Behrendt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Berg_(politician)" title="Axel Berg (politician)">Berg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Werner_Bertl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Werner Bertl (page does not exist)">Bertl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedhelm_Beucher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedhelm Beucher (page does not exist)">Beucher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Bierwirth" title="Petra Bierwirth">Bierwirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Bindig" title="Rudolf Bindig">Bindig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothar_Binding" title="Lothar Binding">Binding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Bodewig" title="Kurt Bodewig">Bodewig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Brandner_(politician)" title="Klaus Brandner (politician)">Brandner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anni_Brandt-Elsweier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anni Brandt-Elsweier (page does not exist)">Brandt-Elsweier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willi_Brase" title="Willi Brase">Brase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eberhard_Brecht" title="Eberhard Brecht">Brecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Brinkmann" title="Bernhard Brinkmann">Brinkmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Brinkmann_(politician)" title="Rainer Brinkmann (politician)">Brinkmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-G%C3%BCnter_Bruckmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Günter Bruckmann (page does not exist)">Bruckmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edelgard_Bulmahn" title="Edelgard Bulmahn">Bulmahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulla_Burchardt" title="Ulla Burchardt">Burchardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_B%C3%BCrsch" title="Michael Bürsch">Bürsch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Martin_Bury&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Martin Bury (page does not exist)">Bury</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_B%C3%BCttner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Büttner (page does not exist)">Büttner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Caspers-Merk" title="Marion Caspers-Merk">Caspers-Merk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf-Michael_Catenhusen" title="Wolf-Michael Catenhusen">Catenhusen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Danckert" title="Peter Danckert">Danckert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herta_D%C3%A4ubler-Gmelin" title="Herta Däubler-Gmelin">Däubler-Gmelin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christel_Deichmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christel Deichmann (page does not exist)">Deichmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Diller" title="Karl Diller">Diller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Dre%C3%9Fen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Dreßen (page does not exist)">Dreßen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Dre%C3%9Fler" title="Rudolf Dreßler">Dreßler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detlef_Dzembritzki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Detlef Dzembritzki (page does not exist)">Dzembritzki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dieter_Dzewas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dieter Dzewas (page does not exist)">Dzewas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Eckardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Eckardt (page does not exist)">Eckardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Edathy" title="Sebastian Edathy">Edathy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Eich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig Eich (page does not exist)">Eich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marga_Elser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marga Elser (page does not exist)">Elser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Enders" title="Peter Enders">Enders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gernot_Erler" title="Gernot Erler">Erler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_Ernstberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Ernstberger (page does not exist)">Ernstberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Fa%C3%9Fe" title="Annette Faße">Faße</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lothar_Fischer_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lothar Fischer (politician) (page does not exist)">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Fograscher" title="Gabriele Fograscher">Fograscher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iris_Follak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iris Follak (page does not exist)">Follak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norbert_Formanski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norbert Formanski (page does not exist)">Formanski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainer_Fornahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainer Fornahl (page does not exist)">Fornahl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Forster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Forster (page does not exist)">Forster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Freitag" title="Dagmar Freitag">Freitag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lilo_Friedrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lilo Friedrich (page does not exist)">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Friedrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Friedrich (page does not exist)">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Friese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harald Friese (page does not exist)">Friese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anke_Fuchs" title="Anke Fuchs">Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arne_Fuhrmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arne Fuhrmann (page does not exist)">Fuhrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monika_Ganseforth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monika Ganseforth (page does not exist)">Ganseforth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Gilges" title="Konrad Gilges">Gilges</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iris_Gleicke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iris Gleicke (page does not exist)">Gleicke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCnter_Gloser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Günter Gloser (page does not exist)">Gloser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uwe_G%C3%B6llner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uwe Göllner (page does not exist)">Göllner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renate_Gradistanac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renate Gradistanac (page does not exist)">Gradistanac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Graf" title="Angelika Graf">Graf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCnter_Graf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Günter Graf (page does not exist)">Graf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dieter_Grasedieck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dieter Grasedieck (page does not exist)">Grasedieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Griefahn" title="Monika Griefahn">Griefahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Griese" title="Kerstin Griese">Griese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achim_Gro%C3%9Fmann" title="Achim Großmann">Großmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Grotthaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Grotthaus (page does not exist)">Grotthaus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Hermann_Haack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Hermann Haack (page does not exist)">Haack</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Joachim_Hacker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Joachim Hacker (page does not exist)">Hacker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Hagemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Hagemann (page does not exist)">Hagemann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Hampel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Hampel (page does not exist)">Hampel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christel_Hanewinckel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christel Hanewinckel (page does not exist)">Hanewinckel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hartenbach" title="Alfred Hartenbach">Hartenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anke_Hartnagel" title="Anke Hartnagel">Hartnagel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Hasenfratz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Hasenfratz (page does not exist)">Hasenfratz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nina_Hauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nina Hauer (page does not exist)">Hauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Heil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhold_Hemker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhold Hemker (page does not exist)">Hemker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Hempel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Hempel (page does not exist)">Hempel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Hempelmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Hempelmann (page does not exist)">Hempelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hendricks_(politician)" title="Barbara Hendricks (politician)">Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Herzog" title="Gustav Herzog">Herzog</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monika_Heubaum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monika Heubaum (page does not exist)">Heubaum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uwe_Hiksch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uwe Hiksch (page does not exist)">Hiksch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gisela_Hilbrecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gisela Hilbrecht (page does not exist)">Hilbrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhold_Hiller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhold Hiller (page does not exist)">Hiller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephan_Hilsberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephan Hilsberg (page does not exist)">Hilsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerd_H%C3%B6fer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerd Höfer (page does not exist)">Höfer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jelena_Hoffmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jelena Hoffmann (page does not exist)">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Hoffmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Hoffmann (page does not exist)">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_Hoffmann" title="Iris Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Hofmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Hofmann">Hofmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingrid_Holzh%C3%BCter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingrid Holzhüter (page does not exist)">Holzhüter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eike_Hovermann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eike Hovermann (page does not exist)">Hovermann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christel_Humme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christel Humme (page does not exist)">Humme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lothar_Ibr%C3%BCgger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lothar Ibrügger (page does not exist)">Ibrügger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Imhof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Imhof (page does not exist)">Imhof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunhilde_Irber" title="Brunhilde Irber">Irber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriele_Iwersen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriele Iwersen (page does not exist)">Iwersen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renate_J%C3%A4ger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renate Jäger (page does not exist)">Jäger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jann-Peter_Janssen" title="Jann-Peter Janssen">Janssen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilse_Janz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilse Janz (page does not exist)">Janz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uwe_Jens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uwe Jens (page does not exist)">Jens</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volker_Jung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volker Jung (page does not exist)">Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kahrs_(politician)" title="Johannes Kahrs (politician)">Kahrs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Kasparick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Kasparick (page does not exist)">Kasparick</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabine_Kaspereit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabine Kaspereit (page does not exist)">Kaspereit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Kastner" title="Susanne Kastner">Kastner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Kelber" title="Ulrich Kelber">Kelber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Peter_Kemper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Peter Kemper (page does not exist)">Kemper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Kirschner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Kirschner (page does not exist)">Kirschner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marianne_Klappert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marianne Klappert (page does not exist)">Klappert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegrun_Klemmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegrun Klemmer (page does not exist)">Klemmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Ulrich_Klose" title="Hans-Ulrich Klose">Klose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Kolbow" title="Walter Kolbow">Kolbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Rudolf_K%C3%B6rper" title="Fritz Rudolf Körper">Körper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karin_Kortmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karin Kortmann (page does not exist)">Kortmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anette_Kramme" title="Anette Kramme">Kramme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolette_Kressl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolette Kressl (page does not exist)">Kressl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volker_Kr%C3%B6ning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volker Kröning (page does not exist)">Kröning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Kr%C3%BCger-Lei%C3%9Fner" title="Angelika Krüger-Leißner">Krüger-Leißner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horst_Kubatschka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horst Kubatschka (page does not exist)">Kubatschka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_K%C3%BCchler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Küchler (page does not exist)">Küchler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helga_K%C3%BChn-Mengel" title="Helga Kühn-Mengel">Kühn-Mengel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ute_Kumpf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ute Kumpf (page does not exist)">Kumpf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konrad_Kunick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konrad Kunick (page does not exist)">Kunick</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uwe_K%C3%BCster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uwe Küster (page does not exist)">Küster</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Labsch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Labsch (page does not exist)">Labsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Lafontaine" title="Oskar Lafontaine">Lafontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lambrecht" title="Christine Lambrecht">Lambrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brigitte_Lange&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brigitte Lange (page does not exist)">Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Lange_(politician)" title="Christian Lange (politician)">Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detlev_von_Larcher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Detlev von Larcher (page does not exist)">Larcher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lehder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christine Lehder (page does not exist)">Lehder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waltraud_Lehn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waltraud Lehn (page does not exist)">Lehn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Leidinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Leidinger (page does not exist)">Leidinger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Lennartz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Lennartz (page does not exist)">Lennartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elke_Leonhard" title="Elke Leonhard">Leonhard</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eckhart_Lewering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eckhart Lewering (page does not exist)">Lewering</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%B6tz-Peter_Lohmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Götz-Peter Lohmann (page does not exist)">Lohmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriele_L%C3%B6sekrug-M%C3%B6ller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriele Lösekrug-Möller (page does not exist)">Lösekrug-Möller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erika_Lotz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erika Lotz (page does not exist)">Lotz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lucyga" title="Christine Lucyga">Lucyga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dieter_Maa%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dieter Maaß (page does not exist)">Maaß</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Winfried_Mante&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Winfried Mante (page does not exist)">Mante</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dirk_Manzewski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dirk Manzewski (page does not exist)">Manzewski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobias_Marhold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tobias Marhold (page does not exist)">Marhold</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lothar_Mark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lothar Mark (page does not exist)">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrike_Mascher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrike Mascher (page does not exist)">Mascher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Matschie" title="Christoph Matschie">Matschie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Matth%C3%A4us-Maier" title="Ingrid Matthäus-Maier">Matthäus-Maier</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heide_Mattischeck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heide Mattischeck (page does not exist)">Mattischeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Meckel" title="Markus Meckel">Meckel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrike_Mehl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrike Mehl (page does not exist)">Mehl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrike_Merten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrike Merten (page does not exist)">Merten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Mertens" title="Angelika Mertens">Mertens</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Meyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Meyer (page does not exist)">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Mogg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Mogg (page does not exist)">Mogg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Moosbauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Moosbauer (page does not exist)">Moosbauer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegmar_Mosdorf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegmar Mosdorf (page does not exist)">Mosdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_M%C3%BCller_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Müller (politician) (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jutta_M%C3%BCller_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jutta Müller (politician) (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_M%C3%BCller_(politician,_1948)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Müller (politician, 1948) (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Müntefering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Nahles" title="Andrea Nahles">Nahles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Neumann_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Neumann (politician) (page does not exist)">Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volker_Neumann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volker Neumann (page does not exist)">Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edith_Niehuis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edith Niehuis (page does not exist)">Niehuis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Niese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Niese (page does not exist)">Niese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietmar_Nietan" title="Dietmar Nietan">Nietan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCnter_Oesinghaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Günter Oesinghaus (page does not exist)">Oesinghaus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eckhard_Ohl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eckhard Ohl (page does not exist)">Ohl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leyla_Onur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leyla Onur (page does not exist)">Onur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Opel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Opel (page does not exist)">Opel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holger_Ortel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holger Ortel (page does not exist)">Ortel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adolf_Ostertag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adolf Ostertag (page does not exist)">Ostertag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Palis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt Palis (page does not exist)">Palis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albrecht_Papenroth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albrecht Papenroth (page does not exist)">Papenroth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willfried_Penner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willfried Penner (page does not exist)">Penner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Pfaff" title="Martin Pfaff">Pfaff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Pfannenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Pfannenstein (page does not exist)">Pfannenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Pflug&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Pflug (page does not exist)">Pflug</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eckhart_Pick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eckhart Pick (page does not exist)">Pick</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_Po%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Poß (page does not exist)">Poß</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karin_Rehbock-Zureich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karin Rehbock-Zureich (page does not exist)">Rehbock-Zureich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carola_Reimann" title="Carola Reimann">Reimann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margot_von_Renesse" title="Margot von Renesse">Renesse</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renate_Rennebach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renate Rennebach (page does not exist)">Rennebach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernd_Reuter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernd Reuter (page does not exist)">Reuter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edelbert_Richter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edelbert Richter (page does not exist)">Richter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhold_Robbe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhold Robbe (page does not exist)">Robbe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudrun_Roos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gudrun Roos (page does not exist)">Roos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_R%C3%B6spel" title="René Röspel">Röspel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Dieter_Rossmann" title="Ernst Dieter Rossmann">Rossmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Roth_(politician)" title="Michael Roth (politician)">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgit_Roth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birgit Roth (page does not exist)">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_R%C3%BCbenk%C3%B6nig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Rübenkönig (page does not exist)">Rübenkönig</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marlene_Rupprecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marlene Rupprecht (page does not exist)">Rupprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Sauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Sauer (page does not exist)">Sauer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hansj%C3%B6rg_Sch%C3%A4fer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hansjörg Schäfer (page does not exist)">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudrun_Schaich-Walch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gudrun Schaich-Walch (page does not exist)">Schaich-Walch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Scharping" title="Rudolf Scharping">Scharping</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernd_Scheelen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernd Scheelen (page does not exist)">Scheelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Scheer" title="Hermann Scheer">Scheer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegfried_Scheffler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegfried Scheffler (page does not exist)">Scheffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Schild" title="Horst Schild">Schild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Schily" title="Otto Schily">Schily</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dieter_Schloten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dieter Schloten (page does not exist)">Schloten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Schmidbauer" title="Horst Schmidbauer">Schmidbauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Schmidt" title="Dagmar Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Schmidt_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Schmidt (politician) (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silvia_Schmidt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silvia Schmidt (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulla_Schmidt" title="Ulla Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Schmidt_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Schmidt (politician) (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regina_Schmidt-Zadel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regina Schmidt-Zadel (page does not exist)">Schmidt-Zadel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Schmitt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Schmitt (page does not exist)">Schmitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Schneider" title="Carsten Schneider">Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Schnell" title="Emil Schnell">Schnell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Sch%C3%B6ler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Schöler (page does not exist)">Schöler</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karsten_Sch%C3%B6nfeld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karsten Schönfeld (page does not exist)">Schönfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Sch%C3%B6sser" title="Fritz Schösser">Schösser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottmar_Schreiner" title="Ottmar Schreiner">Schreiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathias_Schubert" title="Mathias Schubert">Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Schuhmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Schuhmann (page does not exist)">Schuhmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brigitte_Schulte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brigitte Schulte (page does not exist)">Schulte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Schultz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhard Schultz (page does not exist)">Schultz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkmar_Schultz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volkmar Schultz (page does not exist)">Schultz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilse_Schumann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilse Schumann (page does not exist)">Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewald_Schurer" title="Ewald Schurer">Schurer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Schuster_(politician)Schuster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Schuster (politician)Schuster (page does not exist)">Werner Schuster (politician)Schuster</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dietmar_Sch%C3%BCtz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dietmar Schütz (page does not exist)">Schütz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelica_Schwall-D%C3%BCren" title="Angelica Schwall-Düren">Schwall-Düren</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Schwanhold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Schwanhold (page does not exist)">Schwanhold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Schwanitz" title="Rolf Schwanitz">Schwanitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodo_Seidenthal" title="Bodo Seidenthal">Seidenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erika_Simm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erika Simm (page does not exist)">Simm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigrid_Skarpelis-Sperk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sigrid Skarpelis-Sperk (page does not exist)">Skarpelis-Sperk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornelie_Sonntag-Wolgast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cornelie Sonntag-Wolgast (page does not exist)">Sonntag-Wolgast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wieland_Sorge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wieland Sorge (page does not exist)">Sorge</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Spanier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Spanier (page does not exist)">Spanier</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margrit_Spielmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margrit Spielmann (page does not exist)">Spielmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B6rg-Otto_Spiller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jörg-Otto Spiller (page does not exist)">Spiller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ditmar_Staffelt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ditmar Staffelt (page does not exist)">Staffelt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antje-Marie_Steen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antje-Marie Steen (page does not exist)">Steen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Stiegler" title="Ludwig Stiegler">Stiegler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_St%C3%B6ckel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Stöckel (page does not exist)">Stöckel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rita_Streb-Hesse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rita Streb-Hesse (page does not exist)">Streb-Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhold_Strobl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhold Strobl (page does not exist)">Strobl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Struck_(politician)" title="Peter Struck (politician)">Struck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_St%C3%BCnker" title="Joachim Stünker">Stünker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_Tappe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Tappe (page does not exist)">Tappe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Tauss" title="Jörg Tauss">Tauss</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jella_Teuchner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jella Teuchner (page does not exist)">Teuchner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerald_Thalheim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerald Thalheim (page does not exist)">Thalheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Thierse" title="Wolfgang Thierse">Thierse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Th%C3%B6nnes" title="Franz Thönnes">Thönnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uta_Titze-Stecher" title="Uta Titze-Stecher">Titze-Stecher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelheid_D._Tr%C3%B6scher" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelheid D. Tröscher">Tröscher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Eberhard_Urbaniak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Eberhard Urbaniak (page does not exist)">Urbaniak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdiger_Veit" title="Rüdiger Veit">Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Verheugen" title="Günter Verheugen">Verheugen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simone_Violka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simone Violka (page does not exist)">Violka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Vogt" title="Ute Vogt">Vogt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Georg_Wagner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Georg Wagner (page does not exist)">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hedi_Wegener&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hedi Wegener (page does not exist)">Wegener</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konstanze_Wegner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konstanze Wegner (page does not exist)">Wegner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Weiermann" title="Wolfgang Weiermann">Weiermann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Weis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhard Weis (page does not exist)">Weis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthias_Weisheit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthias Weisheit (page does not exist)">Weisheit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunter_Wei%C3%9Fgerber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunter Weißgerber (page does not exist)">Weißgerber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gert_Weisskirchen" title="Gert Weisskirchen">Weisskirchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ulrich_von_Weizs%C3%A4cker" title="Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker">Weizsäcker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jochen_Welt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jochen Welt (page does not exist)">Welt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Wend" title="Rainer Wend">Wend</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hildegard_Wester&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hildegard Wester (page does not exist)">Wester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lydia_Westrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lydia Westrich (page does not exist)">Westrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inge_Wettig-Danielmeier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inge Wettig-Danielmeier (page does not exist)">Wettig-Danielmeier</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margrit_Wetzel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margrit Wetzel (page does not exist)">Wetzel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Wieczorek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helmut Wieczorek (page does not exist)">Wieczorek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Wieczorek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Wieczorek (page does not exist)">Wieczorek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norbert_Wieczorek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norbert Wieczorek (page does not exist)">Wieczorek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidemarie_Wieczorek-Zeul" title="Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul">Wieczorek-Zeul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Wiefelsp%C3%BCtz" title="Dieter Wiefelspütz">Wiefelspütz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heino_Wiese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heino Wiese (page does not exist)">Wiese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Wieseh%C3%BCgel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Wiesehügel (page does not exist)">Wiesehügel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brigitte_Wimmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brigitte Wimmer (page does not exist)">Wimmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engelbert_Wistuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Engelbert Wistuba (page does not exist)">Wistuba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Wittig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Wittig (page does not exist)">Wittig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Wodarg" title="Wolfgang Wodarg">Wodarg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verena_Wohlleben&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verena Wohlleben (page does not exist)">Wohlleben</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanna_Wolf_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanna Wolf (politician) (page does not exist)">Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waltraud_Wolff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waltraud Wolff (page does not exist)">Wolff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heidemarie_Wright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heidemarie Wright (page does not exist)">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uta_Zapf" title="Uta Zapf">Zapf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Z%C3%B6pel" title="Christoph Zöpel">Zöpel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Zumkley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Zumkley (page does not exist)">Zumkley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">CDU/CSU</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Template:14th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:14th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Template talk:14th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:14th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Special:EditPage/Template:14th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="CDU_and_CSU91" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">CDU and CSU</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble" title="Wolfgang Schäuble">Wolfgang Schäuble</a>; since 29 February 2000 <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Merz" title="Friedrich Merz">Friedrich Merz</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>CDU:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Adam" title="Ulrich Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Altmaier" title="Peter Altmaier">Altmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Austermann" title="Dietrich Austermann">Austermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Barthle" title="Norbert Barthle">Barthle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Bauer" title="Wolf Bauer">Bauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Baumann" title="Günter Baumann">Baumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Baumeister" title="Brigitte Baumeister">Baumeister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meinrad_Belle" title="Meinrad Belle">Belle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Bergmann-Pohl" title="Sabine Bergmann-Pohl">Bergmann-Pohl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Bernhardt" title="Otto Bernhardt">Bernhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Dirk_Bierling" title="Hans-Dirk Bierling">Bierling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph-Theodor_Blank" title="Joseph-Theodor Blank">Blank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heribert_Blens" title="Heribert Blens">Blens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bleser" title="Peter Bleser">Bleser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Bl%C3%BCm" title="Norbert Blüm">Blüm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antje_Blumenthal" title="Antje Blumenthal">Blumenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Bohl" title="Friedrich Bohl">Bohl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_B%C3%B6hmer" title="Maria Böhmer">Böhmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sylvia_Bonitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sylvia Bonitz (page does not exist)">Bonitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochen_Borchert" title="Jochen Borchert">Borchert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_B%C3%B6rnsen" title="Wolfgang Börnsen">Börnsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Bosbach" title="Wolfgang Bosbach">Bosbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Br%C3%A4hmig" title="Klaus Brähmig">Brähmig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralf_Brauksiepe" title="Ralf Brauksiepe">Brauksiepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Breuer" title="Paul Breuer">Breuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Brudlewsky" title="Monika Brudlewsky">Brudlewsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Brunnhuber" title="Georg Brunnhuber">Brunnhuber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_B%C3%BChler" title="Klaus Bühler">Bühler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartmut_B%C3%BCttner" title="Hartmut Büttner">Büttner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dankward_Buwitt" title="Dankward Buwitt">Buwitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cajus_Julius_Caesar" title="Cajus Julius Caesar">Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Carstens" title="Manfred Carstens">Carstens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Harry_Carstensen" title="Peter Harry Carstensen">Carstensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Dautzenberg" title="Leo Dautzenberg">Dautzenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Dehnel" title="Wolfgang Dehnel">Dehnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Deittert" title="Hubert Deittert">Deittert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renate_Diemers" title="Renate Diemers">Diemers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Dietzel" title="Wilhelm Dietzel">Dietzel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_D%C3%B6rflinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Dörflinger (page does not exist)">Dörflinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hansj%C3%BCrgen_Doss" title="Hansjürgen Doss">Doss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Luise_D%C3%B6tt" title="Marie-Luise Dött">Dött</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Eppelmann" title="Rainer Eppelmann">Eppelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anke_Eymer" title="Anke Eymer">Eymer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilse_Falk" title="Ilse Falk">Falk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Georg_Faust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Georg Faust (page does not exist)">Faust</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albrecht_Feibel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albrecht Feibel (page does not exist)">Feibel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulf_Fink" title="Ulf Fink">Fink</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingrid_Fischbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingrid Fischbach (page does not exist)">Fischbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Fischer" title="Axel Fischer">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Fischer_(politician)" title="Dirk Fischer (politician)">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Francke" title="Klaus Francke">Francke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_G._Fritz" title="Erich G. Fritz">Fritz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jochen-Konrad_Fromme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jochen-Konrad Fromme (page does not exist)">Fromme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Joachim_Fuchtel" title="Hans-Joachim Fuchtel">Fuchtel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Gehb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Gehb (page does not exist)">Gehb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heiner_Gei%C3%9Fler" title="Heiner Geißler">Geißler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_G%C3%B6hner" title="Reinhard Göhner">Göhner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G%C3%B6tz" title="Peter Götz">Götz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt-Dieter_Grill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt-Dieter Grill (page does not exist)">Grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Gr%C3%B6he" title="Hermann Gröhe">Gröhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Grund" title="Manfred Grund">Grund</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horst_G%C3%BCnther_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horst Günther (politician) (page does not exist)">Günther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl-Detlev_Freiherr_von_Hammerstein" title="Carl-Detlev Freiherr von Hammerstein">Hammerstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Haschke" title="Gottfried Haschke">Haschke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norbert_Hauser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norbert Hauser (page does not exist)">Hauser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus-J%C3%BCrgen_Hedrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus-Jürgen Hedrich (page does not exist)">Hedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Heiderich" title="Helmut Heiderich">Heiderich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Heinen-Esser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Heinen-Esser (page does not exist)">Heinen-Esser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Heise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Heise (page does not exist)">Heise</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegfried_Helias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegfried Helias (page does not exist)">Helias</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detlef_Helling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Detlef Helling (page does not exist)">Helling</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Jochen_Henke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Jochen Henke (page does not exist)">Henke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hintze" title="Peter Hintze">Hintze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Hohmann" title="Martin Hohmann">Hohmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl-Heinz_Hornhues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl-Heinz Hornhues (page does not exist)">Hornhues</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegfried_Hornung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegfried Hornung (page does not exist)">Hornung</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_H%C3%B6rster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Hörster (page does not exist)">Hörster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_H%C3%BCppe" title="Hubert Hüppe">Hüppe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Jacoby_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Jacoby (politician) (page does not exist)">Jacoby</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susanne_Jaffke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susanne Jaffke (page does not exist)">Jaffke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Janovsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Janovsky (page does not exist)">Janovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainer_Jork&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainer Jork (page does not exist)">Jork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egon_J%C3%BCttner" title="Egon Jüttner">Jüttner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Kahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harald Kahl (page does not exist)">Kahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Kampeter" title="Steffen Kampeter">Kampeter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dietmar_Kansy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dietmar Kansy (page does not exist)">Kansy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Kanther" title="Manfred Kanther">Kanther</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irmgard_Karwatzki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irmgard Karwatzki (page does not exist)">Karwatzki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Kauder" title="Volker Kauder">Kauder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckart_von_Klaeden" title="Eckart von Klaeden">Klaeden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Klinkert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Klinkert (page does not exist)">Klinkert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Kohl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Kolbe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Kolbe (page does not exist)">Kolbe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norbert_K%C3%B6nigshofen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norbert Königshofen (page does not exist)">Königshofen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eva-Maria_Kors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eva-Maria Kors (page does not exist)">Kors</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Kossendey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Kossendey (page does not exist)">Kossendey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martina_Krogmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martina Krogmann (page does not exist)">Krogmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Kr%C3%BCger_(German_politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Krüger (German politician) (page does not exist)">Krüger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Kues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Kues (page does not exist)">Kues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Kuhn_(politician)" title="Werner Kuhn (politician)">Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_A._Lamers" title="Karl A. Lamers">Lamers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Lamers" title="Karl Lamers">Lamers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Lammert" title="Norbert Lammert">Lammert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Lamp" title="Helmut Lamp">Lamp</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Laufs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Laufs (page does not exist)">Laufs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl-Josef_Laumann" title="Karl-Josef Laumann">Laumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_Lengsfeld" title="Vera Lengsfeld">Lengsfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Lensing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Lensing (page does not exist)">Lensing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Letzgus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Letzgus (page does not exist)">Letzgus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Lietz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Lietz (page does not exist)">Lietz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Link_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Link (politician) (page does not exist)">Link</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Lippold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Lippold (page does not exist)">Lippold</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Lischewski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Lischewski (page does not exist)">Lischewski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Lohmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Lohmann (page does not exist)">Lohmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julius_Louven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julius Louven (page does not exist)">Louven</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Luther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Luther (page does not exist)">Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erich_Maa%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erich Maaß (page does not exist)">Maaß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Marschewski" title="Erwin Marschewski">Marschewski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Meckelburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Meckelburg (page does not exist)">Meckelburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Meister" title="Michael Meister">Meister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Merkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Merz" title="Friedrich Merz">Merz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meinolf_Michels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meinolf Michels (page does not exist)">Michels</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernward_M%C3%BCller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernward Müller (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmar_M%C3%BCller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elmar Müller (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Neumann" title="Bernd Neumann">Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Nolte" title="Claudia Nolte">Nolte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Nooke" title="Günter Nooke">Nooke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedhelm_Ost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedhelm Ost (page does not exist)">Ost</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norbert_Otto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norbert Otto (page does not exist)">Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Paziorek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Paziorek (page does not exist)">Paziorek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Pfeifer" title="Anton Pfeifer">Pfeifer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedbert_Pfl%C3%BCger" title="Friedbert Pflüger">Pflüger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_Philipp" title="Beatrix Philipp">Philipp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Pofalla" title="Ronald Pofalla">Pofalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruprecht_Polenz" title="Ruprecht Polenz">Polenz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marlies_Pretzlaff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marlies Pretzlaff (page does not exist)">Pretzlaff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dieter_P%C3%BCtzhofen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dieter Pützhofen (page does not exist)">Pützhofen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rachel" title="Thomas Rachel">Rachel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Rauber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helmut Rauber (page does not exist)">Rauber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Rauen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Rauen (page does not exist)">Rauen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christa_Reichard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christa Reichard (page does not exist)">Reichard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherina_Reiche" title="Katherina Reiche">Reiche</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erika_Reinhardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erika Reinhardt (page does not exist)">Reinhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Peter_Repnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Peter Repnik (page does not exist)">Repnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Riegert" title="Klaus Riegert">Riegert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Riesenhuber" title="Heinz Riesenhuber">Riesenhuber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_Romer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz Romer (page does not exist)">Romer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannelore_R%C3%B6nsch" title="Hannelore Rönsch">Rönsch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich-Wilhelm_Rons%C3%B6hr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich-Wilhelm Ronsöhr (page does not exist)">Ronsöhr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adolf_Roth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adolf Roth (page does not exist)">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_R%C3%B6ttgen" title="Norbert Röttgen">Röttgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_R%C3%BChe" title="Volker Rühe">Rühe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_R%C3%BCttgers" title="Jürgen Rüttgers">Rüttgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Anita Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble" title="Wolfgang Schäuble">Schäuble</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartmut_Schauerte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartmut Schauerte (page does not exist)">Schauerte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Schemken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Schemken (page does not exist)">Schemken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl-Heinz_Scherhag" title="Karl-Heinz Scherhag">Scherhag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Schindler" title="Norbert Schindler">Schindler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dietmar_Schlee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dietmar Schlee (page does not exist)">Schlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Schmidbauer" title="Bernd Schmidbauer">Schmidbauer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_Schmidt_(politician,_born_1956)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas Schmidt (politician, born 1956) (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_Schmidt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Schmidt (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Peter_Schmitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Peter Schmitz (page does not exist)">Schmitz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_von_Schmude&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael von Schmude (page does not exist)">Schmude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgit_Schnieber-Jastram" title="Birgit Schnieber-Jastram">Schnieber-Jastram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Schockenhoff" title="Andreas Schockenhoff">Schockenhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_Scholz" title="Rupert Scholz">Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_von_Schorlemer" title="Reinhard von Schorlemer">Schorlemer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erika_Schuchardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erika Schuchardt (page does not exist)">Schuchardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Schulhoff" title="Wolfgang Schulhoff">Schulhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Schulz_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Schulz (politician) (page does not exist)">Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diethard_Sch%C3%BCtze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diethard Schütze (page does not exist)">Schütze</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clemens_Schwalbe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clemens Schwalbe (page does not exist)">Schwalbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Schwarz-Schilling" title="Christian Schwarz-Schilling">Schwarz-Schilling</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Josef_Sebastian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Josef Sebastian (page does not exist)">Sebastian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Seiffert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Seiffert (page does not exist)">Seiffert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Seiters" title="Rudolf Seiters">Seiters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Siebert_(politician)" title="Bernd Siebert (politician)">Siebert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Siemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Siemann (page does not exist)">Siemann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A4rbel_Sothmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bärbel Sothmann (page does not exist)">Sothmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margarete_Sp%C3%A4te&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margarete Späte (page does not exist)">Späte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Steiger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Steiger (page does not exist)">Steiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erika_Steinbach" title="Erika Steinbach">Steinbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_von_Stetten" title="Wolfgang von Stetten">Stetten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Storm" title="Andreas Storm">Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorothea_St%C3%B6rr-Ritter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorothea Störr-Ritter (page does not exist)">Störr-Ritter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Strobl" title="Thomas Strobl">Strobl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_St%C3%BCbgen" title="Michael Stübgen">Stübgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_S%C3%BCssmuth" title="Rita Süssmuth">Süssmuth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susanne_Tiemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susanne Tiemann (page does not exist)">Tiemann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edeltraut_T%C3%B6pfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edeltraut Töpfer (page does not exist)">Töpfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Uldall" title="Gunnar Uldall">Uldall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Vaatz" title="Arnold Vaatz">Vaatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Volquartz" title="Angelika Volquartz">Volquartz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Astrid_Vo%C3%9Fhoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrea Astrid Voßhoff (page does not exist)">Voßhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Wei%C3%9F_(politician)" title="Gerald Weiß (politician)">Weiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wei%C3%9F" title="Peter Weiß">Weiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Widmann-Mauz" title="Annette Widmann-Mauz">Widmann-Mauz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Wiese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Wiese (page does not exist)">Wiese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Otto_Wilhelm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Otto Wilhelm (page does not exist)">Wilhelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gert_Willner" title="Gert Willner">Willner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus-Peter_Willsch" title="Klaus-Peter Willsch">Willsch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernd_Wilz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernd Wilz (page does not exist)">Wilz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Wimmer" title="Willy Wimmer">Wimmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Wissmann" title="Matthias Wissmann">Wissmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Wittlich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Wittlich (page does not exist)">Wittlich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elke_W%C3%BClfing" title="Elke Wülfing">Wülfing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Kurt_W%C3%BCrzbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Kurt Würzbach (page does not exist)">Würzbach</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>CSU:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilse_Aigner" title="Ilse Aigner">Aigner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renate_Blank" title="Renate Blank">Blank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_B%C3%B6tsch" title="Wolfgang Bötsch">Bötsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Dess" title="Albert Dess">Deß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Eichhorn_(politician)" title="Maria Eichhorn (politician)">Eichhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Frankenhauser" title="Herbert Frankenhauser">Frankenhauser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Friedrich_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Friedrich (politician) (page does not exist)">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Friedrich" title="Hans-Peter Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michaela_Geiger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michaela Geiger (page does not exist)">Geiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Geis" title="Norbert Geis">Geis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Girisch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Girisch (page does not exist)">Girisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Glos" title="Michael Glos">Glos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_G%C3%B6tzer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Götzer (page does not exist)">Götzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerda_Hasselfeldt" title="Gerda Hasselfeldt">Hasselfeldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hansgeorg_Hauser" title="Hansgeorg Hauser">Hauser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Hinsken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Hinsken (page does not exist)">Hinsken</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Hofbauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Hofbauer (page does not exist)">Hofbauer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Holetschek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Holetschek (page does not exist)">Holetschek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Josef_Hollerith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josef Hollerith (page does not exist)">Hollerith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholom%C3%A4us_Kalb" title="Bartholomäus Kalb">Kalb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartmut_Koschyk" title="Hartmut Koschyk">Koschyk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudolf_Kraus_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rudolf Kraus (politician) (page does not exist)">Kraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Lintner" title="Eduard Lintner">Lintner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Mayer_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Mayer (politician) (page does not exist)">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Michelbach" title="Hans Michelbach">Michelbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Gerd Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_Obermeier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz Obermeier (page does not exist)">Obermeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Oswald" title="Eduard Oswald">Oswald</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernd_Protzner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernd Protzner (page does not exist)">Protzner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Raidel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Raidel (page does not exist)">Raidel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ramsauer" title="Peter Ramsauer">Ramsauer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Rose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Rose (page does not exist)">Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Rossmanith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt Rossmanith (page does not exist)">Rossmanith</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Ruck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Ruck (page does not exist)">Ruck</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Scheu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Scheu (page does not exist)">Scheu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Schmidt" title="Christian Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Seehofer" title="Horst Seehofer">Seehofer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marion_Seib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marion Seib (page does not exist)">Seib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Singhammer" title="Johannes Singhammer">Singhammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl-Dieter_Spranger" title="Carl-Dieter Spranger">Spranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Straubinger" title="Max Straubinger">Straubinger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matth%C3%A4us_Strebl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthäus Strebl (page does not exist)">Strebl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Uhl" title="Hans-Peter Uhl">Uhl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theo_Waigel" title="Theo Waigel">Waigel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_W%C3%B6hrl" title="Dagmar Wöhrl">Wöhrl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aribert_Wolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aribert Wolf (page does not exist)">Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Zeitlmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Zeitlmann (page does not exist)">Zeitlmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benno_Zierer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benno Zierer (page does not exist)">Zierer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Z%C3%B6ller" title="Wolfgang Zöller">Zöller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">GRÜNE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Template:14th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:14th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Template talk:14th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:14th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Special:EditPage/Template:14th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="GRUENE63" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">GRUENE</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rezzo_Schlauch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rezzo Schlauch (page does not exist)">Rezzo Schlauch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kerstin_M%C3%BCller" title="Kerstin Müller">Kerstin Müller</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gila_Altmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gila Altmann (page does not exist)">Altmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marieluise_Beck" title="Marieluise Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Beck_(politician)" title="Volker Beck (politician)">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Beer" title="Angelika Beer">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Berninger" title="Matthias Berninger">Berninger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grietje_Staffelt" title="Grietje Staffelt">Bettin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annelie_Buntenbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annelie Buntenbach (page does not exist)">Buntenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekin_Delig%C3%B6z" title="Ekin Deligöz">Deligöz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amke_Dietert-Scheuer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amke Dietert-Scheuer (page does not exist)">Dietert-Scheuer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thea_D%C3%BCckert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thea Dückert (page does not exist)">Dückert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franziska_Eichst%C3%A4dt-Bohlig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franziska Eichstädt-Bohlig (page does not exist)">Eichstädt-Bohlig</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uschi_Eid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uschi Eid (page does not exist)">Eid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Josef_Fell" title="Hans-Josef Fell">Fell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Fischer" title="Andrea Fischer">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joschka_Fischer" title="Joschka Fischer">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_G%C3%B6ring-Eckardt" title="Katrin Göring-Eckardt">Göring-Eckardt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rita_Grie%C3%9Fhaber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rita Grießhaber (page does not exist)">Grießhaber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_H%C3%A4fner" title="Gerald Häfner">Häfner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfried_Hermann" title="Winfried Hermann">Hermann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antje_Hermenau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antje Hermenau (page does not exist)">Hermenau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristin_Heyne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kristin Heyne (page does not exist)">Heyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrike_H%C3%B6fken" title="Ulrike Höfken">Höfken</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michaele_Hustedt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michaele Hustedt (page does not exist)">Hustedt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monika_Knoche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monika Knoche (page does not exist)">Knoche</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelika_K%C3%B6ster-Lo%C3%9Fack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angelika Köster-Loßack (page does not exist)">Köster-Loßack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffi_Lemke" title="Steffi Lemke">Lemke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Lippelt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helmut Lippelt (page does not exist)">Lippelt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Loske&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhard Loske (page does not exist)">Loske</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oswald_Metzger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oswald Metzger (page does not exist)">Metzger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerstin_M%C3%BCller_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kerstin Müller (politician) (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_M%C3%BCller_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Müller (politician) (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfried_Nachtwei" title="Winfried Nachtwei">Nachtwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christa_Nickels" title="Christa Nickels">Nickels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cem_%C3%96zdemir" title="Cem Özdemir">Özdemir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simone_Probst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simone Probst (page does not exist)">Probst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Roth" title="Claudia Roth">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Scheel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christine Scheel (page does not exist)">Scheel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irmingard_Schewe-Gerigk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irmingard Schewe-Gerigk (page does not exist)">Schewe-Gerigk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rezzo_Schlauch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rezzo Schlauch (page does not exist)">Schlauch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Albert Schmidt (politician)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Schulz" title="Werner Schulz">Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Simmert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Simmert (page does not exist)">Simmert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Sterzing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Sterzing (page does not exist)">Sterzing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Christian_Str%C3%B6bele" title="Hans-Christian Ströbele">Ströbele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Trittin" title="Jürgen Trittin">Trittin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antje_Vollmer" title="Antje Vollmer">Vollmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludger_Volmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludger Volmer (page does not exist)">Volmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sylvia_Vo%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sylvia Voß (page does not exist)">Voß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Wilhelm" title="Helmut Wilhelm">Wilhelm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margareta_Wolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margareta Wolf (page does not exist)">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">FDP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Template:14th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:14th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Template talk:14th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:14th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Special:EditPage/Template:14th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="FDP39" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">FDP</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Gerhardt" title="Wolfgang Gerhardt">Wolfgang Gerhardt</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ina_Albowitz" title="Ina Albowitz">Albowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hildebrecht_Braun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hildebrecht Braun (page does not exist)">Braun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Br%C3%BCderle" title="Rainer Brüderle">Brüderle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Burgbacher" title="Ernst Burgbacher">Burgbacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_van_Essen" title="Jörg van Essen">Essen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrike_Flach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrike Flach (page does not exist)">Flach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gisela_Frick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gisela Frick (page does not exist)">Frick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Friedhoff" title="Paul Friedhoff">Friedhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Friedrich" title="Horst Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Funke" title="Rainer Funke">Funke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Gerhardt" title="Wolfgang Gerhardt">Gerhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Michael_Goldmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Michael Goldmann (page does not exist)">Goldmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_G%C3%BCnther_(politician,_born_1948)" title="Joachim Günther (politician, born 1948)">Günther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Guttmacher" title="Karlheinz Guttmacher">Guttmacher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Haupt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Haupt (page does not exist)">Haupt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Haussmann" title="Helmut Haussmann">Haussmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Heinrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Heinrich (page does not exist)">Heinrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Hirche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Hirche (page does not exist)">Hirche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgit_Homburger" title="Birgit Homburger">Homburger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Hoyer" title="Werner Hoyer">Hoyer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Irmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Irmer (page does not exist)">Irmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Kinkel" title="Klaus Kinkel">Kinkel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Leonhard_Kolb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Leonhard Kolb (page does not exist)">Kolb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudrun_Kopp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gudrun Kopp (page does not exist)">Kopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Koppelin" title="Jürgen Koppelin">Koppelin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ina_Lenke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ina Lenke (page does not exist)">Lenke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger" title="Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger">Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_M%C3%B6llemann" title="Jürgen Möllemann">Möllemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Niebel" title="Dirk Niebel">Niebel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCnther_Friedrich_Nolting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Günther Friedrich Nolting (page does not exist)">Nolting</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Joachim_Otto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Joachim Otto (page does not exist)">Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detlef_Parr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Detlef Parr (page does not exist)">Parr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Pieper" title="Cornelia Pieper">Pieper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Rexrodt" title="Günter Rexrodt">Rexrodt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edzard_Schmidt-Jortzig" title="Edzard Schmidt-Jortzig">Schmidt-Jortzig</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Sch%C3%BC%C3%9Fler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Schüßler (page does not exist)">Schüßler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irmgard_Schwaetzer" title="Irmgard Schwaetzer">Schwaetzer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marita_Sehn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marita Sehn (page does not exist)">Sehn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudrun_Serowiecki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gudrun Serowiecki (page does not exist)">Serowiecki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Otto_Solms" title="Hermann Otto Solms">Solms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Stadler" title="Max Stadler">Stadler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl-Ludwig_Thiele&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl-Ludwig Thiele (page does not exist)">Thiele</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dieter_Thomae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dieter Thomae (page does not exist)">Thomae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_T%C3%BCrk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Türk (page does not exist)">Türk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Westerwelle" title="Guido Westerwelle">Westerwelle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">PDS</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Bundestag_PDS" title="Template:14th Bundestag PDS"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:14th_Bundestag_PDS" title="Template talk:14th Bundestag PDS"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:14th_Bundestag_PDS" title="Special:EditPage/Template:14th Bundestag PDS"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="PDS73" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">PDS</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Gregor_Gysi" title="Gregor Gysi">Gregor Gysi</a>; since 2. October 2000 <a href="/wiki/Roland_Claus" title="Roland Claus">Roland Claus</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monika_Balt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monika Balt (page does not exist)">Balt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietmar_Bartsch" title="Dietmar Bartsch">Bartsch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Bierstedt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Bierstedt (page does not exist)">Bierstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Bl%C3%A4ss" title="Petra Bläss">Bläss</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maritta_B%C3%B6ttcher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maritta Böttcher (page does not exist)">Böttcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Bulling-Schr%C3%B6ter" title="Eva Bulling-Schröter">Bulling-Schröter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Claus" title="Roland Claus">Claus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heidemarie_Ehlert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heidemarie Ehlert (page does not exist)">Ehlert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Fink" title="Heinrich Fink">Fink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Fuchs" title="Ruth Fuchs">Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_Gebhardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fred Gebhardt (page does not exist)">Gebhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Gehrcke" title="Wolfgang Gehrcke">Gehrcke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Grehn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Grehn (page does not exist)">Grehn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A4rbel_Grygier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bärbel Grygier (page does not exist)">Grygier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Gysi" title="Gregor Gysi">Gysi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_H%C3%B6ll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Höll (page does not exist)">Höll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_H%C3%BCbner" class="mw-redirect" title="Carsten Hübner">Hübner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulla_Jelpke" title="Ulla Jelpke">Jelpke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_J%C3%BCnger" title="Sabine Jünger">Jünger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_J%C3%BCttemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Jüttemann (page does not exist)">Jüttemann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evelyn_Kenzler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evelyn Kenzler (page does not exist)">Kenzler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Knake-Werner" title="Heidi Knake-Werner">Knake-Werner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Kutzmutz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Kutzmutz (page does not exist)">Kutzmutz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heidi_Lippmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heidi Lippmann (page does not exist)">Lippmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_L%C3%B6tzer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Lötzer (page does not exist)">Lötzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christa_Luft" title="Christa Luft">Luft</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heidemarie_L%C3%BCth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heidemarie Lüth (page does not exist)">Lüth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pia_Maier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pia Maier (page does not exist)">Maier</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angela_Marquardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angela Marquardt (page does not exist)">Marquardt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_M%C3%BCller_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Müller (politician) (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosel_Neuh%C3%A4user&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosel Neuhäuser (page does not exist)">Neuhäuser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Ostrowski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christine Ostrowski (page does not exist)">Ostrowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Pau" title="Petra Pau">Pau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uwe-Jens_R%C3%B6ssel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uwe-Jens Rössel (page does not exist)">Rössel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christina_Schenk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christina Schenk (page does not exist)">Schenk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav-Adolf_Schur_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav-Adolf Schur (politician) (page does not exist)">Schur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilja_Seifert" title="Ilja Seifert">Seifert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kersten_Steinke" title="Kersten Steinke">Steinke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Winfried_Wolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Winfried Wolf (page does not exist)">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">OTHER</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:14th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Template:14th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:14th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Template talk:14th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:14th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Special:EditPage/Template:14th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Independent11" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Independent</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christa_L%C3%B6rcher" title="Christa Lörcher">Lörcher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_14th_Bundestag" title="List of members of the 14th Bundestag">List of members of the 14th Bundestag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_15th_Bundestag_(2002–2005)331" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Members_of_the_15th_Bundestag" title="Template:Members of the 15th Bundestag"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Members_of_the_15th_Bundestag" title="Template talk:Members of the 15th Bundestag"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Members_of_the_15th_Bundestag" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Members of the 15th Bundestag"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_15th_Bundestag_(2002–2005)331" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/20px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/30px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/39px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="348" /></span></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/29px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/57px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_15th_Bundestag" title="List of members of the 15th Bundestag">Members of the 15th Bundestag (2002–2005)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Bundestag" title="President of the Bundestag">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Thierse" title="Wolfgang Thierse">Wolfgang Thierse</a> (<a href="/wiki/SPD" class="mw-redirect" title="SPD">SPD</a>)</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">SPD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:15th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Template:15th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:15th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Template talk:15th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:15th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Special:EditPage/Template:15th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="SPD40" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">SPD</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lale_Akg%C3%BCn" title="Lale Akgün">Akgün</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_Andres" title="Gerd Andres">Andres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Arndt-Brauer" title="Ingrid Arndt-Brauer">Arndt-Brauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Arnold" title="Rainer Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Bachmaier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Bachmaier (page does not exist)">Bachmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Bahr" title="Ernst Bahr">Bahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Barnett" title="Doris Barnett">Barnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Bartels" title="Hans-Peter Bartels">Bartels</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eckhardt_Barthel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eckhardt Barthel (page does not exist)">Barthel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Barthel" title="Klaus Barthel">Barthel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6ren_Bartol" title="Sören Bartol">Bartol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_B%C3%A4tzing-Lichtenth%C3%A4ler" title="Sabine Bätzing-Lichtenthäler">Bätzing-Lichtenthäler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Beckmeyer" title="Uwe Beckmeyer">Beckmeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Uwe_Benneter" title="Klaus Uwe Benneter">Benneter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Berg_(politician)" title="Axel Berg (politician)">Berg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Berg" title="Ute Berg">Berg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Werner_Bertl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Werner Bertl (page does not exist)">Bertl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Bierwirth" title="Petra Bierwirth">Bierwirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Bindig" title="Rudolf Bindig">Bindig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothar_Binding" title="Lothar Binding">Binding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Bodewig" title="Kurt Bodewig">Bodewig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_Bollmann" title="Gerd Bollmann">Bollmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Brandner_(politician)" title="Klaus Brandner (politician)">Brandner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willi_Brase" title="Willi Brase">Brase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Brinkmann" title="Bernhard Brinkmann">Brinkmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-G%C3%BCnter_Bruckmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Günter Bruckmann (page does not exist)">Bruckmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edelgard_Bulmahn" title="Edelgard Bulmahn">Bulmahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_B%C3%BClow" title="Marco Bülow">Bülow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulla_Burchardt" title="Ulla Burchardt">Burchardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_B%C3%BCrsch" title="Michael Bürsch">Bürsch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Martin_Bury&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Martin Bury (page does not exist)">Bury</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_B%C3%BCttner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Büttner (page does not exist)">Büttner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Caspers-Merk" title="Marion Caspers-Merk">Caspers-Merk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Danckert" title="Peter Danckert">Danckert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herta_D%C3%A4ubler-Gmelin" title="Herta Däubler-Gmelin">Däubler-Gmelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Diller" title="Karl Diller">Diller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_D%C3%B6rmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Dörmann (page does not exist)">Dörmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Dre%C3%9Fen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Dreßen (page does not exist)">Dreßen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elvira_Drobinski-Wei%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elvira Drobinski-Weiß (page does not exist)">Drobinski-Weiß</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detlef_Dzembritzki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Detlef Dzembritzki (page does not exist)">Dzembritzki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Edathy" title="Sebastian Edathy">Edathy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegmund_Ehrmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegmund Ehrmann (page does not exist)">Ehrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Eichel" title="Hans Eichel">Eichel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martina_Eickhoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martina Eickhoff (page does not exist)">Eickhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marga_Elser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marga Elser (page does not exist)">Elser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gernot_Erler" title="Gernot Erler">Erler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_Ernstberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Ernstberger (page does not exist)">Ernstberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karin_Evers-Meyer" title="Karin Evers-Meyer">Evers-Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Fa%C3%9Fe" title="Annette Faße">Faße</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elke_Ferner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elke Ferner (page does not exist)">Ferner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Fograscher" title="Gabriele Fograscher">Fograscher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainer_Fornahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainer Fornahl (page does not exist)">Fornahl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Forster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Forster (page does not exist)">Forster</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriele_Frechen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriele Frechen (page does not exist)">Frechen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Freitag" title="Dagmar Freitag">Freitag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lilo_Friedrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lilo Friedrich (page does not exist)">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iris_Gleicke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iris Gleicke (page does not exist)">Gleicke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCnter_Gloser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Günter Gloser (page does not exist)">Gloser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uwe_G%C3%B6llner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uwe Göllner (page does not exist)">Göllner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renate_Gradistanac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renate Gradistanac (page does not exist)">Gradistanac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Graf" title="Angelika Graf">Graf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dieter_Grasedieck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dieter Grasedieck (page does not exist)">Grasedieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Griefahn" title="Monika Griefahn">Griefahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Griese" title="Kerstin Griese">Griese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Groneberg" title="Gabriele Groneberg">Groneberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achim_Gro%C3%9Fmann" title="Achim Großmann">Großmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Grotthaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Grotthaus (page does not exist)">Grotthaus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Hermann_Haack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Hermann Haack (page does not exist)">Haack</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Joachim_Hacker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Joachim Hacker (page does not exist)">Hacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Hagedorn" title="Bettina Hagedorn">Hagedorn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Hagemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Hagemann (page does not exist)">Hagemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hartenbach" title="Alfred Hartenbach">Hartenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hartmann_(politician)" title="Michael Hartmann (politician)">Hartmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anke_Hartnagel" title="Anke Hartnagel">Hartnagel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nina_Hauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nina Hauer (page does not exist)">Hauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Heil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhold_Hemker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhold Hemker (page does not exist)">Hemker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Hempelmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Hempelmann (page does not exist)">Hempelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hendricks_(politician)" title="Barbara Hendricks (politician)">Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Herzog" title="Gustav Herzog">Herzog</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_He%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Heß (page does not exist)">Heß</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monika_Heubaum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monika Heubaum (page does not exist)">Heubaum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gisela_Hilbrecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gisela Hilbrecht (page does not exist)">Hilbrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Hiller-Ohm" title="Gabriele Hiller-Ohm">Hiller-Ohm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephan_Hilsberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephan Hilsberg (page does not exist)">Hilsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerd_H%C3%B6fer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerd Höfer (page does not exist)">Höfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_Hoffmann" title="Iris Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jelena_Hoffmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jelena Hoffmann (page does not exist)">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Hoffmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Hoffmann (page does not exist)">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Hofmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Hofmann">Hofmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eike_Hovermann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eike Hovermann (page does not exist)">Hovermann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaas_H%C3%BCbner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaas Hübner (page does not exist)">Hübner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christel_Humme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christel Humme (page does not exist)">Humme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lothar_Ibr%C3%BCgger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lothar Ibrügger (page does not exist)">Ibrügger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Imhof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Imhof (page does not exist)">Imhof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunhilde_Irber" title="Brunhilde Irber">Irber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renate_J%C3%A4ger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renate Jäger (page does not exist)">Jäger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jann-Peter_Janssen" title="Jann-Peter Janssen">Janssen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus-Werner_Jonas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus-Werner Jonas (page does not exist)">Jonas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kahrs_(politician)" title="Johannes Kahrs (politician)">Kahrs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Kasparick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Kasparick (page does not exist)">Kasparick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Kastner" title="Susanne Kastner">Kastner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Kelber" title="Ulrich Kelber">Kelber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Peter_Kemper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Peter Kemper (page does not exist)">Kemper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Kirschner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Kirschner (page does not exist)">Kirschner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Klingbeil" title="Lars Klingbeil">Klingbeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Ulrich_Klose" title="Hans-Ulrich Klose">Klose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrid_Klug" title="Astrid Klug">Klug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_Kofler" title="Bärbel Kofler">Kofler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_K%C3%B6hler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Köhler (page does not exist)">Köhler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Kolbow" title="Walter Kolbow">Kolbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Rudolf_K%C3%B6rper" title="Fritz Rudolf Körper">Körper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karin_Kortmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karin Kortmann (page does not exist)">Kortmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Kramer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Kramer (page does not exist)">Kramer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anette_Kramme" title="Anette Kramme">Kramme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Kranz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Kranz (page does not exist)">Kranz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolette_Kressl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolette Kressl (page does not exist)">Kressl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volker_Kr%C3%B6ning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volker Kröning (page does not exist)">Kröning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Ulrich_Kr%C3%BCger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Ulrich Krüger (page does not exist)">Krüger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Kr%C3%BCger-Lei%C3%9Fner" title="Angelika Krüger-Leißner">Krüger-Leißner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horst_Kubatschka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horst Kubatschka (page does not exist)">Kubatschka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_K%C3%BCchler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Küchler (page does not exist)">Küchler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helga_K%C3%BChn-Mengel" title="Helga Kühn-Mengel">Kühn-Mengel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ute_Kumpf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ute Kumpf (page does not exist)">Kumpf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uwe_K%C3%BCster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uwe Küster (page does not exist)">Küster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lambrecht" title="Christine Lambrecht">Lambrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Lange_(politician)" title="Christian Lange (politician)">Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lehder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christine Lehder (page does not exist)">Lehder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waltraud_Lehn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waltraud Lehn (page does not exist)">Lehn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elke_Leonhard" title="Elke Leonhard">Leonhard</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eckhart_Lewering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eckhart Lewering (page does not exist)">Lewering</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%B6tz-Peter_Lohmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Götz-Peter Lohmann (page does not exist)">Lohmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriele_L%C3%B6sekrug-M%C3%B6ller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriele Lösekrug-Möller (page does not exist)">Lösekrug-Möller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erika_Lotz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erika Lotz (page does not exist)">Lotz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lucyga" title="Christine Lucyga">Lucyga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dirk_Manzewski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dirk Manzewski (page does not exist)">Manzewski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobias_Marhold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tobias Marhold (page does not exist)">Marhold</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lothar_Mark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lothar Mark (page does not exist)">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caren_Marks" title="Caren Marks">Marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Matschie" title="Christoph Matschie">Matschie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilde_Mattheis" title="Hilde Mattheis">Mattheis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Meckel" title="Markus Meckel">Meckel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrike_Mehl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrike Mehl (page does not exist)">Mehl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_Merkel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Merkel (page does not exist)">Merkel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrike_Merten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrike Merten (page does not exist)">Merten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Mertens" title="Angelika Mertens">Mertens</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Mogg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Mogg (page does not exist)">Mogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_M%C3%BCller_(politician,_born_1948)" title="Michael Müller (politician, born 1948)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_M%C3%BCller)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Müller) (page does not exist)">Müller)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gesine_Multhaupt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gesine Multhaupt (page does not exist)">Multhaupt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Müntefering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_M%C3%BCtzenich" title="Rolf Mützenich">Mützenich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volker_Neumann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volker Neumann (page does not exist)">Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietmar_Nietan" title="Dietmar Nietan">Nietan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erika_Ober&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erika Ober (page does not exist)">Ober</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holger_Ortel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holger Ortel (page does not exist)">Ortel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Paula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Paula (page does not exist)">Paula</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Pflug&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Pflug (page does not exist)">Pflug</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_Po%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Poß (page does not exist)">Poß</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Priesmeier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Priesmeier (page does not exist)">Priesmeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Pronold" title="Florian Pronold">Pronold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sascha_Raabe" title="Sascha Raabe">Raabe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karin_Rehbock-Zureich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karin Rehbock-Zureich (page does not exist)">Rehbock-Zureich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerold_Reichenbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerold Reichenbach (page does not exist)">Reichenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carola_Reimann" title="Carola Reimann">Reimann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christel_Riemann-Hanewinckel" title="Christel Riemann-Hanewinckel">Riemann-Hanewinckel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Riester" title="Walter Riester">Riester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhold_Robbe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhold Robbe (page does not exist)">Robbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_R%C3%B6spel" title="René Röspel">Röspel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Dieter_Rossmann" title="Ernst Dieter Rossmann">Rossmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karin_Roth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karin Roth (page does not exist)">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Roth_(politician)" title="Michael Roth (politician)">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_R%C3%BCbenk%C3%B6nig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Rübenkönig (page does not exist)">Rübenkönig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortwin_Runde" title="Ortwin Runde">Runde</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marlene_Rupprecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marlene Rupprecht (page does not exist)">Rupprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Sauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Sauer (page does not exist)">Sauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Schaaf" title="Anton Schaaf">Schaaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Axel Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudrun_Schaich-Walch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gudrun Schaich-Walch (page does not exist)">Schaich-Walch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Scharping" title="Rudolf Scharping">Scharping</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernd_Scheelen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernd Scheelen (page does not exist)">Scheelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Scheer" title="Hermann Scheer">Scheer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegfried_Scheffler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegfried Scheffler (page does not exist)">Scheffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Schild" title="Horst Schild">Schild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Schily" title="Otto Schily">Schily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Schmidbauer" title="Horst Schmidbauer">Schmidbauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Schmidt" title="Dagmar Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silvia_Schmidt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silvia Schmidt (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulla_Schmidt" title="Ulla Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Schmidt_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Schmidt (politician) (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Schmitt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Schmitt (page does not exist)">Schmitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Schneider" title="Carsten Schneider">Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Sch%C3%B6ler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Schöler (page does not exist)">Schöler</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karsten_Sch%C3%B6nfeld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karsten Schönfeld (page does not exist)">Schönfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Sch%C3%B6sser" title="Fritz Schösser">Schösser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfried_Schreck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilfried Schreck (page does not exist)">Schreck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottmar_Schreiner" title="Ottmar Schreiner">Schreiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brigitte_Schulte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brigitte Schulte (page does not exist)">Schulte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Schultz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhard Schultz (page does not exist)">Schultz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swen_Schulz" title="Swen Schulz">Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelica_Schwall-D%C3%BCren" title="Angelica Schwall-Düren">Schwall-Düren</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Schwanholz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Schwanholz (page does not exist)">Schwanholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Schwanitz" title="Rolf Schwanitz">Schwanitz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erika_Simm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erika Simm (page does not exist)">Simm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigrid_Skarpelis-Sperk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sigrid Skarpelis-Sperk (page does not exist)">Skarpelis-Sperk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornelie_Sonntag-Wolgast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cornelie Sonntag-Wolgast (page does not exist)">Sonntag-Wolgast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Spanier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Spanier (page does not exist)">Spanier</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margrit_Spielmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margrit Spielmann (page does not exist)">Spielmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B6rg-Otto_Spiller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jörg-Otto Spiller (page does not exist)">Spiller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ditmar_Staffelt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ditmar Staffelt (page does not exist)">Staffelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Stiegler" title="Ludwig Stiegler">Stiegler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_St%C3%B6ckel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Stöckel (page does not exist)">Stöckel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Str%C3%A4sser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Strässer (page does not exist)">Strässer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rita_Streb-Hesse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rita Streb-Hesse (page does not exist)">Streb-Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Struck_(politician)" title="Peter Struck (politician)">Struck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_St%C3%BCnker" title="Joachim Stünker">Stünker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Tauss" title="Jörg Tauss">Tauss</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jella_Teuchner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jella Teuchner (page does not exist)">Teuchner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerald_Thalheim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerald Thalheim (page does not exist)">Thalheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Thierse" title="Wolfgang Thierse">Thierse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Th%C3%B6nnes" title="Franz Thönnes">Thönnes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-J%C3%BCrgen_Uhl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Jürgen Uhl (page does not exist)">Uhl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdiger_Veit" title="Rüdiger Veit">Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simone_Violka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simone Violka (page does not exist)">Violka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B6rg_Vogels%C3%A4nger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jörg Vogelsänger (page does not exist)">Vogelsänger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Vogt" title="Ute Vogt">Vogt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marlies_Volkmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marlies Volkmer (page does not exist)">Volkmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Georg_Wagner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Georg Wagner (page does not exist)">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hedi_Wegener&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hedi Wegener (page does not exist)">Wegener</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_Weigel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas Weigel (page does not exist)">Weigel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Weis" title="Petra Weis">Weis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Weis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhard Weis (page does not exist)">Weis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthias_Weisheit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthias Weisheit (page does not exist)">Weisheit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunter_Wei%C3%9Fgerber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunter Weißgerber (page does not exist)">Weißgerber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gert_Weisskirchen" title="Gert Weisskirchen">Weisskirchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ulrich_von_Weizs%C3%A4cker" title="Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker">Weizsäcker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jochen_Welt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jochen Welt (page does not exist)">Welt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Wend" title="Rainer Wend">Wend</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hildegard_Wester&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hildegard Wester (page does not exist)">Wester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lydia_Westrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lydia Westrich (page does not exist)">Westrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inge_Wettig-Danielmeier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inge Wettig-Danielmeier (page does not exist)">Wettig-Danielmeier</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margrit_Wetzel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margrit Wetzel (page does not exist)">Wetzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Wicklein" title="Andrea Wicklein">Wicklein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Wieczorek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Wieczorek (page does not exist)">Wieczorek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidemarie_Wieczorek-Zeul" title="Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul">Wieczorek-Zeul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Wiefelsp%C3%BCtz" title="Dieter Wiefelspütz">Wiefelspütz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brigitte_Wimmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brigitte Wimmer (page does not exist)">Wimmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engelbert_Wistuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Engelbert Wistuba (page does not exist)">Wistuba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Wittig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Wittig (page does not exist)">Wittig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Wodarg" title="Wolfgang Wodarg">Wodarg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verena_Wohlleben&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verena Wohlleben (page does not exist)">Wohlleben</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waltraud_Wolff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waltraud Wolff (page does not exist)">Wolff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heidemarie_Wright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heidemarie Wright (page does not exist)">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uta_Zapf" title="Uta Zapf">Zapf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Z%C3%B6llmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Zöllmer (page does not exist)">Zöllmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Z%C3%B6pel" title="Christoph Zöpel">Zöpel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">CDU/CSU</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:15th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Template:15th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:15th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Template talk:15th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:15th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Special:EditPage/Template:15th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="CDU_and_CSU43" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">CDU and CSU</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>CDU:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Adam" title="Ulrich Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Altmaier" title="Peter Altmaier">Altmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Austermann" title="Dietrich Austermann">Austermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Barthle" title="Norbert Barthle">Barthle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Bauer" title="Wolf Bauer">Bauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Baumann" title="Günter Baumann">Baumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst-Reinhard_Beck" title="Ernst-Reinhard Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veronika_Bellmann" title="Veronika Bellmann">Bellmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Bergner" title="Christoph Bergner">Bergner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Bernhardt" title="Otto Bernhardt">Bernhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Bietmann" title="Rolf Bietmann">Bietmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_Binninger" title="Clemens Binninger">Binninger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_von_Bismarck" title="Carl von Bismarck">Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bleser" title="Peter Bleser">Bleser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antje_Blumenthal" title="Antje Blumenthal">Blumenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_B%C3%B6hmer" title="Maria Böhmer">Böhmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochen_Borchert" title="Jochen Borchert">Borchert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_B%C3%B6rnsen" title="Wolfgang Börnsen">Börnsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Bosbach" title="Wolfgang Bosbach">Bosbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Br%C3%A4hmig" title="Klaus Brähmig">Brähmig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Brandt" title="Helmut Brandt">Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralf_Brauksiepe" title="Ralf Brauksiepe">Brauksiepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helge_Braun" title="Helge Braun">Braun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Breuer" title="Paul Breuer">Breuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Br%C3%BCning" title="Monika Brüning">Brüning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Brunnhuber" title="Georg Brunnhuber">Brunnhuber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verena_Butalikakis" title="Verena Butalikakis">Butalikakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartmut_B%C3%BCttner" title="Hartmut Büttner">Büttner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cajus_Julius_Caesar" title="Cajus Julius Caesar">Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Carstens" title="Manfred Carstens">Carstens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Harry_Carstensen" title="Peter Harry Carstensen">Carstensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gitta_Connemann" title="Gitta Connemann">Connemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Dautzenberg" title="Leo Dautzenberg">Dautzenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Deittert" title="Hubert Deittert">Deittert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Dieckmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roland Dieckmann (page does not exist)">Dieckmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vera_Dominke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vera Dominke (page does not exist)">Dominke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_D%C3%B6rflinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Dörflinger (page does not exist)">Dörflinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Luise_D%C3%B6tt" title="Marie-Luise Dött">Dött</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Eppelmann" title="Rainer Eppelmann">Eppelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anke_Eymer" title="Anke Eymer">Eymer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilse_Falk" title="Ilse Falk">Falk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Georg_Faust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Georg Faust (page does not exist)">Faust</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albrecht_Feibel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albrecht Feibel (page does not exist)">Feibel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enak_Ferlemann" title="Enak Ferlemann">Ferlemann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingrid_Fischbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingrid Fischbach (page does not exist)">Fischbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Fischer" title="Axel Fischer">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Fischer_(politician)" title="Dirk Fischer (politician)">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartwig_Fischer_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartwig Fischer (politician) (page does not exist)">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Flachsbarth" title="Maria Flachsbarth">Flachsbarth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus-Peter_Flosbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus-Peter Flosbach (page does not exist)">Flosbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_G._Fritz" title="Erich G. Fritz">Fritz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jochen-Konrad_Fromme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jochen-Konrad Fromme (page does not exist)">Fromme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fuchs_(politician)" title="Michael Fuchs (politician)">Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Joachim_Fuchtel" title="Hans-Joachim Fuchtel">Fuchtel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Gehb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Gehb (page does not exist)">Gehb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Gewalt" title="Roland Gewalt">Gewalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eberhard_Gienger" title="Eberhard Gienger">Gienger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralf_G%C3%B6bel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralf Göbel (page does not exist)">Göbel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_G%C3%B6hner" title="Reinhard Göhner">Göhner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanja_G%C3%B6nner" title="Tanja Gönner">Gönner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G%C3%B6tz" title="Peter Götz">Götz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Granold" title="Ute Granold">Granold</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt-Dieter_Grill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt-Dieter Grill (page does not exist)">Grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Grindel" title="Reinhard Grindel">Grindel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Gr%C3%B6he" title="Hermann Gröhe">Gröhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Grosse-Br%C3%B6mer" title="Michael Grosse-Brömer">Grosse-Brömer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Gr%C3%BCbel" title="Markus Grübel">Grübel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Grund" title="Manfred Grund">Grund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olav_Gutting" title="Olav Gutting">Gutting</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holger_Haibach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holger Haibach (page does not exist)">Haibach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus-J%C3%BCrgen_Hedrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus-Jürgen Hedrich (page does not exist)">Hedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Heiderich" title="Helmut Heiderich">Heiderich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Heinen-Esser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Heinen-Esser (page does not exist)">Heinen-Esser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegfried_Helias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegfried Helias (page does not exist)">Helias</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uda_Heller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uda Heller (page does not exist)">Heller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hennrich" title="Michael Hennrich">Hennrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Herrmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Herrmann (page does not exist)">Herrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Heynemann" title="Bernd Heynemann">Heynemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hintze" title="Peter Hintze">Hintze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hochbaum" title="Robert Hochbaum">Hochbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Hohmann" title="Martin Hohmann">Hohmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_H%C3%B6rster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Hörster (page does not exist)">Hörster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_H%C3%BCppe" title="Hubert Hüppe">Hüppe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susanne_Jaffke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susanne Jaffke (page does not exist)">Jaffke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jahr" title="Peter Jahr">Jahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egon_J%C3%BCttner" title="Egon Jüttner">Jüttner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Kampeter" title="Steffen Kampeter">Kampeter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irmgard_Karwatzki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irmgard Karwatzki (page does not exist)">Karwatzki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_Kaster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernhard Kaster (page does not exist)">Kaster</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegfried_Kauder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegfried Kauder (page does not exist)">Kauder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Kauder" title="Volker Kauder">Kauder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckart_von_Klaeden" title="Eckart von Klaeden">Klaeden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Klimke" title="Jürgen Klimke">Klimke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Kl%C3%B6ckner" title="Julia Klöckner">Klöckner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Kolbe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Kolbe (page does not exist)">Kolbe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norbert_K%C3%B6nigshofen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norbert Königshofen (page does not exist)">Königshofen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Kossendey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Kossendey (page does not exist)">Kossendey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kretschmer" title="Michael Kretschmer">Kretschmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunther_Krichbaum" title="Gunther Krichbaum">Krichbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Krings" title="Günter Krings">Krings</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martina_Krogmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martina Krogmann (page does not exist)">Krogmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Kues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Kues (page does not exist)">Kues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Kuhn_(politician)" title="Werner Kuhn (politician)">Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_A._Lamers" title="Karl A. Lamers">Lamers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Lammert" title="Norbert Lammert">Lammert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Lamp" title="Helmut Lamp">Lamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl-Josef_Laumann" title="Karl-Josef Laumann">Laumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_Lengsfeld" title="Vera Lengsfeld">Lengsfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Lensing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Lensing (page does not exist)">Lensing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Letzgus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Letzgus (page does not exist)">Letzgus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Lietz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Lietz (page does not exist)">Lietz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Link_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Link (politician) (page does not exist)">Link</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Lippold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Lippold (page does not exist)">Lippold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Lips" title="Patricia Lips">Lips</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Luther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Luther (page does not exist)">Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Marschewski" title="Erwin Marschewski">Marschewski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conny_Mayer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conny Mayer (page does not exist)">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Meckelburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Meckelburg (page does not exist)">Meckelburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Meister" title="Michael Meister">Meister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Merkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Merz" title="Friedrich Merz">Merz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurenz_Meyer" title="Laurenz Meyer">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Michalk" title="Maria Michalk">Michalk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Minkel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Minkel (page does not exist)">Minkel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernward_M%C3%BCller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernward Müller (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hildegard_M%C3%BCller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hildegard Müller (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Neumann" title="Bernd Neumann">Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Nitzsche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Nitzsche (page does not exist)">Nitzsche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michaela_Noll" title="Michaela Noll">Noll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Nolte" title="Claudia Nolte">Nolte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Nooke" title="Günter Nooke">Nooke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rita_Pawelski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rita Pawelski (page does not exist)">Pawelski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Paziorek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Paziorek (page does not exist)">Paziorek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Petzold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Petzold (page does not exist)">Petzold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Pfeiffer" title="Joachim Pfeiffer">Pfeiffer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibylle_Pfeiffer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sibylle Pfeiffer (page does not exist)">Pfeiffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedbert_Pfl%C3%BCger" title="Friedbert Pflüger">Pflüger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_Philipp" title="Beatrix Philipp">Philipp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Pofalla" title="Ronald Pofalla">Pofalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruprecht_Polenz" title="Ruprecht Polenz">Polenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rachel" title="Thomas Rachel">Rachel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Rauber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helmut Rauber (page does not exist)">Rauber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Rauen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Rauen (page does not exist)">Rauen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christa_Reichard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christa Reichard (page does not exist)">Reichard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherina_Reiche" title="Katherina Reiche">Reiche</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Peter_Repnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Peter Repnik (page does not exist)">Repnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Riegert" title="Klaus Riegert">Riegert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Riesenhuber" title="Heinz Riesenhuber">Riesenhuber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_Romer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz Romer (page does not exist)">Romer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich-Wilhelm_Rons%C3%B6hr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich-Wilhelm Ronsöhr (page does not exist)">Ronsöhr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_R%C3%B6ttgen" title="Norbert Röttgen">Röttgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_R%C3%BChe" title="Volker Rühe">Rühe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Rzepka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Rzepka (page does not exist)">Rzepka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Anita Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble" title="Wolfgang Schäuble">Schäuble</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartmut_Schauerte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartmut Schauerte (page does not exist)">Schauerte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Schindler" title="Norbert Schindler">Schindler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Schirmbeck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Schirmbeck (page does not exist)">Schirmbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angela_Schmid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angela Schmid (page does not exist)">Schmid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Schmidbauer" title="Bernd Schmidbauer">Schmidbauer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_Schmidt_(politician,_born_1956)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas Schmidt (politician, born 1956) (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Schockenhoff" title="Andreas Schockenhoff">Schockenhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristina_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Kristina Schröder">Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ole_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Ole Schröder">Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_Schulte-Dr%C3%BCggelte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernhard Schulte-Drüggelte (page does not exist)">Schulte-Drüggelte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Schummer" title="Uwe Schummer">Schummer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Josef_Sebastian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Josef Sebastian (page does not exist)">Sebastian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Segner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt Segner (page does not exist)">Segner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Seiffert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Seiffert (page does not exist)">Seiffert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Siebert_(politician)" title="Bernd Siebert (politician)">Siebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Spahn" title="Jens Spahn">Spahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erika_Steinbach" title="Erika Steinbach">Steinbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_von_Stetten" title="Christian von Stetten">Stetten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gero_Storjohann" title="Gero Storjohann">Storjohann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Storm" title="Andreas Storm">Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorothea_St%C3%B6rr-Ritter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorothea Störr-Ritter (page does not exist)">Störr-Ritter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Strobl" title="Thomas Strobl">Strobl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lena_Strothmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lena Strothmann (page does not exist)">Strothmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_St%C3%BCbgen" title="Michael Stübgen">Stübgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antje_Tillmann" title="Antje Tillmann">Tillmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edeltraut_T%C3%B6pfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edeltraut Töpfer (page does not exist)">Töpfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Vaatz" title="Arnold Vaatz">Vaatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkmar_Vogel" title="Volkmar Vogel">Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Volquartz" title="Angelika Volquartz">Volquartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Vo%C3%9Fhoff" title="Andrea Voßhoff">Voßhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_W%C3%A4chter" title="Gerhard Wächter">Wächter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Wanderwitz" title="Marco Wanderwitz">Wanderwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wei%C3%9F" title="Peter Weiß">Weiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Wei%C3%9F_(politician)" title="Gerald Weiß (politician)">Weiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingo_Wellenreuther" title="Ingo Wellenreuther">Wellenreuther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Widmann-Mauz" title="Annette Widmann-Mauz">Widmann-Mauz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus-Peter_Willsch" title="Klaus-Peter Willsch">Willsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Wimmer" title="Willy Wimmer">Wimmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Wissmann" title="Matthias Wissmann">Wissmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Wittlich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Wittlich (page does not exist)">Wittlich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elke_W%C3%BClfing" title="Elke Wülfing">Wülfing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willi_Zylajew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willi Zylajew (page does not exist)">Zylajew</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>CSU:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilse_Aigner" title="Ilse Aigner">Aigner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_Auernhammer" title="Artur Auernhammer">Auernhammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renate_Blank" title="Renate Blank">Blank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_B%C3%B6tsch" title="Wolfgang Bötsch">Bötsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Dess" title="Albert Dess">Deß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dobrindt" title="Alexander Dobrindt">Dobrindt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Eichhorn_(politician)" title="Maria Eichhorn (politician)">Eichhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Fahrenschon" title="Georg Fahrenschon">Fahrenschon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Frankenhauser" title="Herbert Frankenhauser">Frankenhauser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Friedrich" title="Hans-Peter Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gauweiler" title="Peter Gauweiler">Gauweiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Geis" title="Norbert Geis">Geis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Girisch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Girisch (page does not exist)">Girisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Glos" title="Michael Glos">Glos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_G%C3%B6ppel" title="Josef Göppel">Göppel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_G%C3%B6tzer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Götzer (page does not exist)">Götzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl-Theodor_zu_Guttenberg" title="Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg">Guttenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerda_Hasselfeldt" title="Gerda Hasselfeldt">Hasselfeldt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Hinsken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Hinsken (page does not exist)">Hinsken</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Hofbauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Hofbauer (page does not exist)">Hofbauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholom%C3%A4us_Kalb" title="Bartholomäus Kalb">Kalb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerlinde_Kaupa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerlinde Kaupa (page does not exist)">Kaupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartmut_Koschyk" title="Hartmut Koschyk">Koschyk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudolf_Kraus_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rudolf Kraus (politician) (page does not exist)">Kraus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Lanzinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Lanzinger (page does not exist)">Lanzinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Lintner" title="Eduard Lintner">Lintner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Ludwig" title="Daniela Ludwig">Ludwig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothee_Mantel" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorothee Mantel">Mantel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Mayer_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Mayer (politician) (page does not exist)">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Mayer" title="Stephan Mayer">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doris_Meyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doris Meyer (page does not exist)">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Michelbach" title="Hans Michelbach">Michelbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlene_Mortler" title="Marlene Mortler">Mortler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Gerd Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Stefan Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_N%C3%BC%C3%9Flein" title="Georg Nüßlein">Nüßlein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_Obermeier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz Obermeier (page does not exist)">Obermeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanie_O%C3%9Fwald" title="Melanie Oßwald">Oßwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Oswald" title="Eduard Oswald">Oswald</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Raidel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Raidel (page does not exist)">Raidel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ramsauer" title="Peter Ramsauer">Ramsauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannelore_Roedel" title="Hannelore Roedel">Roedel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Rose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Rose (page does not exist)">Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Rossmanith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt Rossmanith (page does not exist)">Rossmanith</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Ruck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Ruck (page does not exist)">Ruck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Rupprecht" title="Albert Rupprecht">Rupprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Scheuer" title="Andreas Scheuer">Scheuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Schmidt" title="Christian Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Seehofer" title="Horst Seehofer">Seehofer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthias_Sehling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthias Sehling (page does not exist)">Sehling</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marion_Seib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marion Seib (page does not exist)">Seib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Silberhorn" title="Thomas Silberhorn">Silberhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Singhammer" title="Johannes Singhammer">Singhammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Straubinger" title="Max Straubinger">Straubinger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matth%C3%A4us_Strebl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthäus Strebl (page does not exist)">Strebl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Uhl" title="Hans-Peter Uhl">Uhl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_W%C3%B6hrl" title="Dagmar Wöhrl">Wöhrl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Zeitlmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Zeitlmann (page does not exist)">Zeitlmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Z%C3%B6ller" title="Wolfgang Zöller">Zöller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">GRÜNE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:15th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Template:15th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:15th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Template talk:15th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:15th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Special:EditPage/Template:15th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_GRUENE144" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/32px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/49px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/64px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="272" /></span></span> GRUENE</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Katrin_G%C3%B6ring-Eckardt" title="Katrin Göring-Eckardt">Katrin Göring-Eckardt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Krista_Sager" title="Krista Sager">Krista Sager</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Andreae" title="Kerstin Andreae">Andreae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marieluise_Beck" title="Marieluise Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Beck_(politician)" title="Volker Beck (politician)">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Behm" title="Cornelia Behm">Behm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgitt_Bender" title="Birgitt Bender">Bender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Berninger" title="Matthias Berninger">Berninger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grietje_Staffelt" title="Grietje Staffelt">Bettin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bonde" title="Alexander Bonde">Bonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekin_Delig%C3%B6z" title="Ekin Deligöz">Deligöz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thea_D%C3%BCckert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thea Dückert (page does not exist)">Dückert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jutta_D%C3%BCmpe-Kr%C3%BCger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jutta Dümpe-Krüger (page does not exist)">Dümpe-Krüger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franziska_Eichst%C3%A4dt-Bohlig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franziska Eichstädt-Bohlig (page does not exist)">Eichstädt-Bohlig</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uschi_Eid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uschi Eid (page does not exist)">Eid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Josef_Fell" title="Hans-Josef Fell">Fell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joschka_Fischer" title="Joschka Fischer">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_G%C3%B6ring-Eckardt" title="Katrin Göring-Eckardt">Göring-Eckardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Hajduk" title="Anja Hajduk">Hajduk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfried_Hermann" title="Winfried Hermann">Hermann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antje_Hermenau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antje Hermenau (page does not exist)">Hermenau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Hettlich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Hettlich (page does not exist)">Hettlich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrike_H%C3%B6fken" title="Ulrike Höfken">Höfken</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thilo_Hoppe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thilo Hoppe (page does not exist)">Hoppe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michaele_Hustedt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michaele Hustedt (page does not exist)">Hustedt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jutta_Kr%C3%BCger-Jacob&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jutta Krüger-Jacob (page does not exist)">Krüger-Jacob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Kuhn" title="Fritz Kuhn">Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renate_K%C3%BCnast" title="Renate Künast">Künast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Kurth_(politician)" title="Markus Kurth (politician)">Kurth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Undine_Kurth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Undine Kurth (page does not exist)">Kurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Lazar" title="Monika Lazar">Lazar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Loske&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhard Loske (page does not exist)">Loske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_L%C3%BChrmann" title="Anna Lührmann">Lührmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Montag" title="Jerzy Montag">Montag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerstin_M%C3%BCller_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kerstin Müller (politician) (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfried_Nachtwei" title="Winfried Nachtwei">Nachtwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silke_Stokar_von_Neuforn" title="Silke Stokar von Neuforn">Neuforn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christa_Nickels" title="Christa Nickels">Nickels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ostendorff" title="Friedrich Ostendorff">Ostendorff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simone_Probst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simone Probst (page does not exist)">Probst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Roth" title="Claudia Roth">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krista_Sager" title="Krista Sager">Sager</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Scheel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christine Scheel (page does not exist)">Scheel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irmingard_Schewe-Gerigk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irmingard Schewe-Gerigk (page does not exist)">Schewe-Gerigk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rezzo_Schlauch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rezzo Schlauch (page does not exist)">Schlauch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Albert Schmidt (politician)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Schulz" title="Werner Schulz">Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_Selg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Selg (page does not exist)">Selg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Sowa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Sowa (page does not exist)">Sowa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainder_Steenblock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainder Steenblock (page does not exist)">Steenblock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Christian_Str%C3%B6bele" title="Hans-Christian Ströbele">Ströbele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Trittin" title="Jürgen Trittin">Trittin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marianne_Tritz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marianne Tritz (page does not exist)">Tritz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubert_Ulrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hubert Ulrich (page does not exist)">Ulrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antje_Vogel-Sperl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antje Vogel-Sperl (page does not exist)">Vogel-Sperl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antje_Vollmer" title="Antje Vollmer">Vollmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludger_Volmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludger Volmer (page does not exist)">Volmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Winkler_(politician)" title="Josef Winkler (politician)">Winkler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margareta_Wolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margareta Wolf (page does not exist)">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">FDP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:15th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Template:15th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:15th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Template talk:15th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:15th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Special:EditPage/Template:15th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_FDP98" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/59px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png" decoding="async" width="59" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/90px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/117px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="314" /></span></span> FDP</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Gerhardt" title="Wolfgang Gerhardt">Wolfgang Gerhardt</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Addicks" title="Karl Addicks">Addicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bahr" title="Daniel Bahr">Bahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Br%C3%BCderle" title="Rainer Brüderle">Brüderle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Brunkhorst" title="Angelika Brunkhorst">Brunkhorst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Burgbacher" title="Ernst Burgbacher">Burgbacher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helga_Daub&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helga Daub (page does not exist)">Daub</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Eberl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Eberl (page does not exist)">Eberl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_van_Essen" title="Jörg van Essen">Essen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrike_Flach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrike Flach (page does not exist)">Flach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Fricke" title="Otto Fricke">Fricke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Friedrich" title="Horst Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Funke" title="Rainer Funke">Funke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Gerhardt" title="Wolfgang Gerhardt">Gerhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Michael_Goldmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Michael Goldmann (page does not exist)">Goldmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_G%C3%BCnther_(politician,_born_1948)" title="Joachim Günther (politician, born 1948)">Günther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Guttmacher" title="Karlheinz Guttmacher">Guttmacher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christel_Happach-Kasan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christel Happach-Kasan (page does not exist)">Happach-Kasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Hartmann_(politician)" title="Christoph Hartmann (politician)">Hartmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Haupt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Haupt (page does not exist)">Haupt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Heinrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Heinrich (page does not exist)">Heinrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgit_Homburger" title="Birgit Homburger">Homburger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Hoyer" title="Werner Hoyer">Hoyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kauch" title="Michael Kauch">Kauch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Leonhard_Kolb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Leonhard Kolb (page does not exist)">Kolb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hellmut_K%C3%B6nigshaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hellmut Königshaus (page does not exist)">Königshaus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudrun_Kopp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gudrun Kopp (page does not exist)">Kopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Koppelin" title="Jürgen Koppelin">Koppelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Kubicki" title="Wolfgang Kubicki">Kubicki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibylle_Laurischk" title="Sibylle Laurischk">Laurischk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Leibrecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harald Leibrecht (page does not exist)">Leibrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ina_Lenke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ina Lenke (page does not exist)">Lenke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger" title="Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger">Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markus_L%C3%B6ning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Markus Löning (page does not exist)">Löning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_M%C3%B6llemann" title="Jürgen Möllemann">Möllemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Niebel" title="Dirk Niebel">Niebel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCnther_Friedrich_Nolting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Günther Friedrich Nolting (page does not exist)">Nolting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eberhard_Otto_(politician)" title="Eberhard Otto (politician)">Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Joachim_Otto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Joachim Otto (page does not exist)">Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detlef_Parr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Detlef Parr (page does not exist)">Parr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Pieper" title="Cornelia Pieper">Pieper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gisela_Piltz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gisela Piltz (page does not exist)">Piltz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Pinkwart" title="Andreas Pinkwart">Pinkwart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Rexrodt" title="Günter Rexrodt">Rexrodt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marita_Sehn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marita Sehn (page does not exist)">Sehn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Otto_Solms" title="Hermann Otto Solms">Solms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Stadler" title="Max Stadler">Stadler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainer_Stinner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainer Stinner (page does not exist)">Stinner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Terwiesche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Terwiesche (page does not exist)">Terwiesche</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl-Ludwig_Thiele&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl-Ludwig Thiele (page does not exist)">Thiele</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dieter_Thomae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dieter Thomae (page does not exist)">Thomae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_T%C3%BCrk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Türk (page does not exist)">Türk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Westerwelle" title="Guido Westerwelle">Westerwelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Winterstein" title="Claudia Winterstein">Winterstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Wissing" title="Volker Wissing">Wissing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingo_Wolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingo Wolf (page does not exist)">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">OTHER</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:15th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Template:15th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:15th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Template talk:15th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:15th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Special:EditPage/Template:15th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Independent11" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Independent</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gesine_L%C3%B6tzsch" title="Gesine Lötzsch">Lötzsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Pau" title="Petra Pau">Pau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_15th_Bundestag" title="List of members of the 15th Bundestag">List of members of the 15th Bundestag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_16th_Bundestag_(2005–2009)371" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Members_of_the_16th_Bundestag" title="Template:Members of the 16th Bundestag"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Members_of_the_16th_Bundestag" title="Template talk:Members of the 16th Bundestag"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Members_of_the_16th_Bundestag" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Members of the 16th Bundestag"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_16th_Bundestag_(2005–2009)371" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/20px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/30px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/39px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="348" /></span></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/29px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/57px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_16th_Bundestag" title="List of members of the 16th Bundestag">Members of the 16th Bundestag (2005–2009)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Bundestag" title="President of the Bundestag">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Norbert_Lammert" title="Norbert Lammert">Norbert Lammert</a> (<a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">CDU</a>)</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">CDU/CSU</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Template:16th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:16th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Template talk:16th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:16th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Special:EditPage/Template:16th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_CDU_and_CSU120" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg/120px-Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg/250px-Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="227" /></span></span> CDU and CSU</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Volker_Kauder" title="Volker Kauder">Volker Kauder</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>CDU:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Adam" title="Ulrich Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Albach" title="Peter Albach">Albach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Altmaier" title="Peter Altmaier">Altmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Barei%C3%9F" title="Thomas Bareiß">Bareiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Barthle" title="Norbert Barthle">Barthle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Bauer" title="Wolf Bauer">Bauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Baumann" title="Günter Baumann">Baumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst-Reinhard_Beck" title="Ernst-Reinhard Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veronika_Bellmann" title="Veronika Bellmann">Bellmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Bergner" title="Christoph Bergner">Bergner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Bernhardt" title="Otto Bernhardt">Bernhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_Binninger" title="Clemens Binninger">Binninger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_von_Bismarck" title="Carl von Bismarck">Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bleser" title="Peter Bleser">Bleser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antje_Blumenthal" title="Antje Blumenthal">Blumenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_B%C3%B6hmer" title="Maria Böhmer">Böhmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochen_Borchert" title="Jochen Borchert">Borchert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_B%C3%B6rnsen" title="Wolfgang Börnsen">Börnsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Bosbach" title="Wolfgang Bosbach">Bosbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Br%C3%A4hmig" title="Klaus Brähmig">Brähmig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Brand_(politician)" title="Michael Brand (politician)">Brand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Brandt" title="Helmut Brandt">Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralf_Brauksiepe" title="Ralf Brauksiepe">Brauksiepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Br%C3%BCning" title="Monika Brüning">Brüning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Brunnhuber" title="Georg Brunnhuber">Brunnhuber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gitta_Connemann" title="Gitta Connemann">Connemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Dautzenberg" title="Leo Dautzenberg">Dautzenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Deittert" title="Hubert Deittert">Deittert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_D%C3%B6rflinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Dörflinger (page does not exist)">Dörflinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Luise_D%C3%B6tt" title="Marie-Luise Dött">Dött</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anke_Eymer" title="Anke Eymer">Eymer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilse_Falk" title="Ilse Falk">Falk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Georg_Faust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Georg Faust (page does not exist)">Faust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enak_Ferlemann" title="Enak Ferlemann">Ferlemann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingrid_Fischbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingrid Fischbach (page does not exist)">Fischbach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartwig_Fischer_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartwig Fischer (politician) (page does not exist)">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Fischer" title="Axel Fischer">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Fischer_(politician)" title="Dirk Fischer (politician)">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Flachsbarth" title="Maria Flachsbarth">Flachsbarth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus-Peter_Flosbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus-Peter Flosbach (page does not exist)">Flosbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_G._Fritz" title="Erich G. Fritz">Fritz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jochen-Konrad_Fromme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jochen-Konrad Fromme (page does not exist)">Fromme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fuchs_(politician)" title="Michael Fuchs (politician)">Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Joachim_Fuchtel" title="Hans-Joachim Fuchtel">Fuchtel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Gehb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Gehb (page does not exist)">Gehb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eberhard_Gienger" title="Eberhard Gienger">Gienger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralf_G%C3%B6bel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralf Göbel (page does not exist)">Göbel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_G%C3%B6hner" title="Reinhard Göhner">Göhner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G%C3%B6tz" title="Peter Götz">Götz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Granold" title="Ute Granold">Granold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Grindel" title="Reinhard Grindel">Grindel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Gr%C3%B6he" title="Hermann Gröhe">Gröhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Grosse-Br%C3%B6mer" title="Michael Grosse-Brömer">Grosse-Brömer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Gr%C3%BCbel" title="Markus Grübel">Grübel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Grund" title="Manfred Grund">Grund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Gr%C3%BCtters" title="Monika Grütters">Grütters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olav_Gutting" title="Olav Gutting">Gutting</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holger-Heinrich_Haibach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holger-Heinrich Haibach (page does not exist)">Haibach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Heinen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Heinen (page does not exist)">Heinen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uda_Carmen_Freia_Heller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uda Carmen Freia Heller (page does not exist)">Heller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hennrich" title="Michael Hennrich">Hennrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Herrmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Herrmann (page does not exist)">Herrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Heynemann" title="Bernd Heynemann">Heynemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hintze" title="Peter Hintze">Hintze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hochbaum" title="Robert Hochbaum">Hochbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz-Josef_Holzenkamp" title="Franz-Josef Holzenkamp">Holzenkamp</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_H%C3%B6rster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Hörster (page does not exist)">Hörster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anette_H%C3%BCbinger" title="Anette Hübinger">Hübinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_H%C3%BCppe" title="Hubert Hüppe">Hüppe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susanne_Jaffke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susanne Jaffke (page does not exist)">Jaffke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dieter_Peter_Jahr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dieter Peter Jahr (page does not exist)">Jahr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Heinrich_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Heinrich Jordan (page does not exist)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Jung" title="Andreas Jung">Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Jung" title="Franz Josef Jung">Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Werner_Kammer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Werner Kammer (page does not exist)">Kammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Kampeter" title="Steffen Kampeter">Kampeter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_Kaster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernhard Kaster (page does not exist)">Kaster</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegfried_Kauder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegfried Kauder (page does not exist)">Kauder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Kauder" title="Volker Kauder">Kauder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckart_von_Klaeden" title="Eckart von Klaeden">Klaeden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Klimke" title="Jürgen Klimke">Klimke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Kl%C3%B6ckner" title="Julia Klöckner">Klöckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Koeppen" title="Jens Koeppen">Koeppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristina_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Kristina Schröder">Köhler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Kolbe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Kolbe (page does not exist)">Kolbe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norbert_K%C3%B6nigshofen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norbert Königshofen (page does not exist)">Königshofen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Koschorrek" title="Rolf Koschorrek">Koschorrek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Kossendey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Kossendey (page does not exist)">Kossendey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kretschmer" title="Michael Kretschmer">Kretschmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunther_Krichbaum" title="Gunther Krichbaum">Krichbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Krings" title="Günter Krings">Krings</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martina_Krogmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martina Krogmann (page does not exist)">Krogmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann-Henrich_Krummacher" title="Johann-Henrich Krummacher">Krummacher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Kues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Kues (page does not exist)">Kues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_A._Lamers" title="Karl A. Lamers">Lamers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_L%C3%A4mmel" title="Andreas Lämmel">Lämmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Lammert" title="Norbert Lammert">Lammert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharina_Landgraf" title="Katharina Landgraf">Landgraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingbert_Liebing" title="Ingbert Liebing">Liebing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Wilhelm_Lippold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Wilhelm Lippold (page does not exist)">Lippold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Lips" title="Patricia Lips">Lips</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Andreas_Luther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Andreas Luther (page does not exist)">Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Meckelburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Meckelburg (page does not exist)">Meckelburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Meister" title="Michael Meister">Meister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Merkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Merz" title="Friedrich Merz">Merz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurenz_Meyer" title="Laurenz Meyer">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Michalk" title="Maria Michalk">Michalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Mi%C3%9Ffelder" title="Philipp Mißfelder">Mißfelder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eva_M%C3%B6llring&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eva Möllring (page does not exist)">Möllring</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernward_M%C3%BCller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernward Müller (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hildegard_M%C3%BCller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hildegard Müller (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_M%C3%BCller" title="Carsten Müller">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Neumann" title="Bernd Neumann">Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Nitzsche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Nitzsche (page does not exist)">Nitzsche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michaela_Noll" title="Michaela Noll">Noll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henning_Otte" title="Henning Otte">Otte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rita_Pawelski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rita Pawelski (page does not exist)">Pawelski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Paul_Paziorek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Paul Paziorek (page does not exist)">Paziorek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Petzold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Petzold (page does not exist)">Petzold</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibylle_Pfeiffer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sibylle Pfeiffer (page does not exist)">Pfeiffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Pfeiffer" title="Joachim Pfeiffer">Pfeiffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedbert_Pfl%C3%BCger" title="Friedbert Pflüger">Pflüger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_Philipp" title="Beatrix Philipp">Philipp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Pofalla" title="Ronald Pofalla">Pofalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruprecht_Polenz" title="Ruprecht Polenz">Polenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rachel" title="Thomas Rachel">Rachel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Harald_Rauen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Harald Rauen (page does not exist)">Rauen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckhardt_Rehberg" title="Eckhardt Rehberg">Rehberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherina_Reiche" title="Katherina Reiche">Reiche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Riegert" title="Klaus Riegert">Riegert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Riesenhuber" title="Heinz Riesenhuber">Riesenhuber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_Romer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz Romer (page does not exist)">Romer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_R%C3%B6ring" title="Johannes Röring">Röring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_R%C3%B6ttgen" title="Norbert Röttgen">Röttgen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Rzepka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Rzepka (page does not exist)">Rzepka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Anita Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Josef_Scharf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Josef Scharf (page does not exist)">Scharf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble" title="Wolfgang Schäuble">Schäuble</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartmut_Schauerte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartmut Schauerte (page does not exist)">Schauerte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Schavan" title="Annette Schavan">Schavan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Richard_Maria_Schiewerling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Richard Maria Schiewerling (page does not exist)">Schiewerling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Schindler" title="Norbert Schindler">Schindler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Schirmbeck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Schirmbeck (page does not exist)">Schirmbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Schmidbauer" title="Bernd Schmidbauer">Schmidbauer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_Schmidt_(politician,_born_1956)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas Schmidt (politician, born 1956) (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingo_Schmitt" title="Ingo Schmitt">Schmitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Schockenhoff" title="Andreas Schockenhoff">Schockenhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ole_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Ole Schröder">Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_Schulte-Dr%C3%BCggelte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernhard Schulte-Drüggelte (page does not exist)">Schulte-Drüggelte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Schummer" title="Uwe Schummer">Schummer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Josef_Sebastian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Josef Sebastian (page does not exist)">Sebastian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Segner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt Segner (page does not exist)">Segner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Siebert_(politician)" title="Bernd Siebert (politician)">Siebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Spahn" title="Jens Spahn">Spahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erika_Steinbach" title="Erika Steinbach">Steinbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_von_Stetten" title="Christian von Stetten">Stetten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gero_Storjohann" title="Gero Storjohann">Storjohann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Storm" title="Andreas Storm">Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Strobl" title="Thomas Strobl">Strobl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lena_Strothmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lena Strothmann (page does not exist)">Strothmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_St%C3%BCbgen" title="Michael Stübgen">Stübgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antje_Tillmann" title="Antje Tillmann">Tillmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Vaatz" title="Arnold Vaatz">Vaatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkmar_Uwe_Vogel" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkmar Uwe Vogel">Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Astrid_Vo%C3%9Fhoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrea Astrid Voßhoff (page does not exist)">Voßhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_W%C3%A4chter" title="Gerhard Wächter">Wächter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Wanderwitz" title="Marco Wanderwitz">Wanderwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai_Wegner" title="Kai Wegner">Wegner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Weinberg" title="Marcus Weinberg">Weinberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Wei%C3%9F_(politician)" title="Gerald Weiß (politician)">Weiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wei%C3%9F" title="Peter Weiß">Weiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingo_Wellenreuther" title="Ingo Wellenreuther">Wellenreuther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl-Georg_Wellmann" title="Karl-Georg Wellmann">Wellmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Widmann-Mauz" title="Annette Widmann-Mauz">Widmann-Mauz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus-Peter_Willsch" title="Klaus-Peter Willsch">Willsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Wimmer" title="Willy Wimmer">Wimmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Winkelmeier-Becker" title="Elisabeth Winkelmeier-Becker">Winkelmeier-Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willi_Zylajew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willi Zylajew (page does not exist)">Zylajew</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>CSU:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilse_Aigner" title="Ilse Aigner">Aigner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renate_Blank" title="Renate Blank">Blank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dobrindt" title="Alexander Dobrindt">Dobrindt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Eichhorn_(politician)" title="Maria Eichhorn (politician)">Eichhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Fahrenschon" title="Georg Fahrenschon">Fahrenschon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Frankenhauser" title="Herbert Frankenhauser">Frankenhauser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Friedrich" title="Hans-Peter Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gauweiler" title="Peter Gauweiler">Gauweiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Geis" title="Norbert Geis">Geis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Glos" title="Michael Glos">Glos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_G%C3%B6ppel" title="Josef Göppel">Göppel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_G%C3%B6tzer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Götzer (page does not exist)">Götzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl-Theodor_zu_Guttenberg" title="Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg">Guttenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerda_Hasselfeldt" title="Gerda Hasselfeldt">Hasselfeldt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Hinsken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Hinsken (page does not exist)">Hinsken</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Hofbauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Hofbauer (page does not exist)">Hofbauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholom%C3%A4us_Kalb" title="Bartholomäus Kalb">Kalb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alois_Karl" title="Alois Karl">Karl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartmut_Koschyk" title="Hartmut Koschyk">Koschyk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maximilian_Lehmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maximilian Lehmer (page does not exist)">Lehmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lehrieder" title="Paul Lehrieder">Lehrieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Lintner" title="Eduard Lintner">Lintner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothee_Mantel" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorothee Mantel">Mantel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Mayer" title="Stephan Mayer">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Michelbach" title="Hans Michelbach">Michelbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlene_Mortler" title="Marlene Mortler">Mortler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Gerd Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Stefan Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_N%C3%BC%C3%9Flein" title="Georg Nüßlein">Nüßlein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_Obermeier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz Obermeier (page does not exist)">Obermeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Oswald" title="Eduard Oswald">Oswald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Ludwig" title="Daniela Ludwig">Raab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Raidel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Raidel (page does not exist)">Raidel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ramsauer" title="Peter Ramsauer">Ramsauer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_J._Rossmanith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt J. Rossmanith (page does not exist)">Rossmanith</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Ruck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Ruck (page does not exist)">Ruck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Rupprecht" title="Albert Rupprecht">Rupprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Scheuer" title="Andreas Scheuer">Scheuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Schmidt" title="Christian Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Seehofer" title="Horst Seehofer">Seehofer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Silberhorn" title="Thomas Silberhorn">Silberhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Singhammer" title="Johannes Singhammer">Singhammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Straubinger" title="Max Straubinger">Straubinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Uhl" title="Hans-Peter Uhl">Uhl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_W%C3%B6hrl" title="Dagmar Wöhrl">Wöhrl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Z%C3%B6ller" title="Wolfgang Zöller">Zöller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">SPD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Template:16th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:16th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Template talk:16th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:16th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Special:EditPage/Template:16th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_SPD151" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/92px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="92" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/141px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/184px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="684" data-file-height="127" /></span></span> SPD</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Franz Müntefering</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Struck_(politician)" title="Peter Struck (politician)">Peter Struck</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lale_Akg%C3%BCn" title="Lale Akgün">Akgün</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Amann" title="Gregor Amann">Amann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_Andres" title="Gerd Andres">Andres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niels_Annen" title="Niels Annen">Annen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Arndt-Brauer" title="Ingrid Arndt-Brauer">Arndt-Brauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Arnold" title="Rainer Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Bahr" title="Ernst Bahr">Bahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Barnett" title="Doris Barnett">Barnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Bartels" title="Hans-Peter Bartels">Bartels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Barthel" title="Klaus Barthel">Barthel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6ren_Bartol" title="Sören Bartol">Bartol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_B%C3%A4tzing-Lichtenth%C3%A4ler" title="Sabine Bätzing-Lichtenthäler">Bätzing-Lichtenthäler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Becker" title="Dirk Becker">Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Beckmeyer" title="Uwe Beckmeyer">Beckmeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Uwe_Benneter" title="Klaus Uwe Benneter">Benneter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Berg_(politician)" title="Axel Berg (politician)">Berg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Berg" title="Ute Berg">Berg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Bierwirth" title="Petra Bierwirth">Bierwirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothar_Binding" title="Lothar Binding">Binding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Blumentritt" title="Volker Blumentritt">Blumentritt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Bodewig" title="Kurt Bodewig">Bodewig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_Bollen" title="Clemens Bollen">Bollen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_Bollmann" title="Gerd Bollmann">Bollmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Botz" title="Gerhard Botz">Botz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Brandner_(politician)" title="Klaus Brandner (politician)">Brandner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willi_Brase" title="Willi Brase">Brase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Brinkmann" title="Bernhard Brinkmann">Brinkmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edelgard_Bulmahn" title="Edelgard Bulmahn">Bulmahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_B%C3%BClow" title="Marco Bülow">Bülow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulla_Burchardt" title="Ulla Burchardt">Burchardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Burkert" title="Martin Burkert">Burkert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_B%C3%BCrsch" title="Michael Bürsch">Bürsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Carstensen" title="Christian Carstensen">Carstensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Caspers-Merk" title="Marion Caspers-Merk">Caspers-Merk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Danckert" title="Peter Danckert">Danckert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herta_D%C3%A4ubler-Gmelin" title="Herta Däubler-Gmelin">Däubler-Gmelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Diller" title="Karl Diller">Diller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_D%C3%B6rmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Dörmann (page does not exist)">Dörmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl-Christian_Dressel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl-Christian Dressel (page does not exist)">Dressel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elvira_Drobinski-Wei%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elvira Drobinski-Weiß (page does not exist)">Drobinski-Weiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrelt_Duin" title="Garrelt Duin">Duin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detlef_Dzembritzki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Detlef Dzembritzki (page does not exist)">Dzembritzki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Edathy" title="Sebastian Edathy">Edathy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegmund_Ehrmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegmund Ehrmann (page does not exist)">Ehrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Eichel" title="Hans Eichel">Eichel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gernot_Erler" title="Gernot Erler">Erler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_Ernstberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Ernstberger (page does not exist)">Ernstberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karin_Evers-Meyer" title="Karin Evers-Meyer">Evers-Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Fa%C3%9Fe" title="Annette Faße">Faße</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elke_Ferner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elke Ferner (page does not exist)">Ferner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Fograscher" title="Gabriele Fograscher">Fograscher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainer_Fornahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainer Fornahl (page does not exist)">Fornahl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriele_Frechen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriele Frechen (page does not exist)">Frechen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Freitag" title="Dagmar Freitag">Freitag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Friedrich_(politician,_born_1972)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Friedrich (politician, born 1972) (page does not exist)">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmar_Gabriel" title="Sigmar Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gerster" title="Martin Gerster">Gerster</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iris_Gleicke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iris Gleicke (page does not exist)">Gleicke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCnter_Gloser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Günter Gloser (page does not exist)">Gloser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renate_Gradistanac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renate Gradistanac (page does not exist)">Gradistanac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Graf" title="Angelika Graf">Graf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dieter_Grasedieck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dieter Grasedieck (page does not exist)">Grasedieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Griefahn" title="Monika Griefahn">Griefahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Griese" title="Kerstin Griese">Griese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Groneberg" title="Gabriele Groneberg">Groneberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achim_Gro%C3%9Fmann" title="Achim Großmann">Großmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Grotthaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Grotthaus (page does not exist)">Grotthaus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Gunkel_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Gunkel (politician) (page does not exist)">Gunkel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Joachim_Hacker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Joachim Hacker (page does not exist)">Hacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Hagedorn" title="Bettina Hagedorn">Hagedorn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Hagemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Hagemann (page does not exist)">Hagemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hartenbach" title="Alfred Hartenbach">Hartenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hartmann_(politician)" title="Michael Hartmann (politician)">Hartmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nina_Hauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nina Hauer (page does not exist)">Hauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Heil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhold_Hemker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhold Hemker (page does not exist)">Hemker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Hempelmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Hempelmann (page does not exist)">Hempelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hendricks_(politician)" title="Barbara Hendricks (politician)">Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Herzog" title="Gustav Herzog">Herzog</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_He%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Heß (page does not exist)">Heß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Hiller-Ohm" title="Gabriele Hiller-Ohm">Hiller-Ohm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephan_Hilsberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephan Hilsberg (page does not exist)">Hilsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Hinz" title="Petra Hinz">Hinz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerd_H%C3%B6fer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerd Höfer (page does not exist)">Höfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_Hoffmann" title="Iris Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Hofmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Hofmann">Hofmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eike_Anna_Maria_Hovermann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eike Anna Maria Hovermann (page does not exist)">Hovermann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaas_H%C3%BCbner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaas Hübner (page does not exist)">Hübner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christel_Humme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christel Humme (page does not exist)">Humme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lothar_Ibr%C3%BCgger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lothar Ibrügger (page does not exist)">Ibrügger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunhilde_Irber" title="Brunhilde Irber">Irber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Jung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Jung (page does not exist)">Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Juratovic" title="Josip Juratovic">Juratovic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kahrs_(politician)" title="Johannes Kahrs (politician)">Kahrs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Kasparick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Kasparick (page does not exist)">Kasparick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Kastner" title="Susanne Kastner">Kastner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Kelber" title="Ulrich Kelber">Kelber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Kleiminger" title="Christian Kleiminger">Kleiminger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Ulrich_Klose" title="Hans-Ulrich Klose">Klose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrid_Klug" title="Astrid Klug">Klug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_Kofler" title="Bärbel Kofler">Kofler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Kolbow" title="Walter Kolbow">Kolbow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz-Rudolf_K%C3%B6rper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fritz-Rudolf Körper (page does not exist)">Körper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karin_Kortmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karin Kortmann (page does not exist)">Kortmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Kramer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Kramer (page does not exist)">Kramer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anette_Kramme" title="Anette Kramme">Kramme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Kranz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Kranz (page does not exist)">Kranz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolette_Kressl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolette Kressl (page does not exist)">Kressl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volker_Kr%C3%B6ning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volker Kröning (page does not exist)">Kröning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Ulrich_Kr%C3%BCger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Ulrich Krüger (page does not exist)">Krüger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Kr%C3%BCger-Lei%C3%9Fner" title="Angelika Krüger-Leißner">Krüger-Leißner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Kucharczyk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Kucharczyk (page does not exist)">Kucharczyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helga_K%C3%BChn-Mengel" title="Helga Kühn-Mengel">Kühn-Mengel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ute_Kumpf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ute Kumpf (page does not exist)">Kumpf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uwe_K%C3%BCster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uwe Küster (page does not exist)">Küster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lambrecht" title="Christine Lambrecht">Lambrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Lange_(politician)" title="Christian Lange (politician)">Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Lauterbach" title="Karl Lauterbach">Lauterbach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waltraud_Lehn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waltraud Lehn (page does not exist)">Lehn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helga_Lopez" title="Helga Lopez">Lopez</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriele_L%C3%B6sekrug-M%C3%B6ller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriele Lösekrug-Möller (page does not exist)">Lösekrug-Möller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dirk_Manzewski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dirk Manzewski (page does not exist)">Manzewski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lothar_Mark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lothar Mark (page does not exist)">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caren_Marks" title="Caren Marks">Marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Mast" title="Katja Mast">Mast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildegard_Mattheis" class="mw-redirect" title="Hildegard Mattheis">Mattheis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes-Markus_Meckel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes-Markus Meckel (page does not exist)">Meckel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_Merkel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Merkel (page does not exist)">Merkel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrike_Merten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrike Merten (page does not exist)">Merten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Miersch" title="Matthias Miersch">Miersch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Mogg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Mogg (page does not exist)">Mogg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marko_M%C3%BChlstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marko Mühlstein (page does not exist)">Mühlstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_M%C3%BCller_(politician)_born_1948&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Müller (politician) born 1948 (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detlef_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Detlef Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gesine_Multhaupt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gesine Multhaupt (page does not exist)">Multhaupt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Müntefering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_M%C3%BCtzenich" title="Rolf Mützenich">Mützenich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Nahles" title="Andrea Nahles">Nahles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Oppermann" title="Thomas Oppermann">Oppermann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holger_Ortel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holger Ortel (page does not exist)">Ortel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Paula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Paula (page does not exist)">Paula</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Pflug&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Pflug (page does not exist)">Pflug</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_Po%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Poß (page does not exist)">Poß</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Pries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Pries (page does not exist)">Pries</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Priesmeier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Priesmeier (page does not exist)">Priesmeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Pronold" title="Florian Pronold">Pronold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sascha_Raabe" title="Sascha Raabe">Raabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechthild_Rawert" title="Mechthild Rawert">Rawert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Reiche" title="Steffen Reiche">Reiche</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maik_Reichel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maik Reichel (page does not exist)">Reichel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerold_Reichenbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerold Reichenbach (page does not exist)">Reichenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carola_Reimann" title="Carola Reimann">Reimann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christel_Riemann-Hanewinckel" title="Christel Riemann-Hanewinckel">Riemann-Hanewinckel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Riester" title="Walter Riester">Riester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6nke_Rix" title="Sönke Rix">Rix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_R%C3%B6spel" title="René Röspel">Röspel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst-Dieter_Rossmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst-Dieter Rossmann (page does not exist)">Rossmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karin_Roth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karin Roth (page does not exist)">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Roth_(politician)" title="Michael Roth (politician)">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortwin_Runde" title="Ortwin Runde">Runde</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marlene_Dorothe_Henriette_Rupprecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marlene Dorothe Henriette Rupprecht (page does not exist)">Rupprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Schaaf" title="Anton Schaaf">Schaaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Axel Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernd_Scheelen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernd Scheelen (page does not exist)">Scheelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Scheer" title="Hermann Scheer">Scheer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Schieder" title="Marianne Schieder">Schieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Schily" title="Otto Schily">Schily</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Schmidt_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Schmidt (politician) (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silvia_Schmidt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silvia Schmidt (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renate_Schmidt" title="Renate Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulla_Schmidt" title="Ulla Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Schmitt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Schmitt (page does not exist)">Schmitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Schneider" title="Carsten Schneider">Schneider</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottmar_Schreiner" title="Ottmar Schreiner">Schreiner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Walter_Schultz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhard Walter Schultz (page does not exist)">Schultz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swen_Schulz" title="Swen Schulz">Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewald_Schurer" title="Ewald Schurer">Schurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Schwabe" title="Frank Schwabe">Schwabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelica_Schwall-D%C3%BCren" title="Angelica Schwall-Düren">Schwall-Düren</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Schwanholz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Schwanholz (page does not exist)">Schwanholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Schwanitz" title="Rolf Schwanitz">Schwanitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Schwarzel%C3%BChr-Sutter" title="Rita Schwarzelühr-Sutter">Schwarzelühr-Sutter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Spanier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Spanier (page does not exist)">Spanier</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margrit_Spielmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margrit Spielmann (page does not exist)">Spielmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B6rg-Otto_Spiller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jörg-Otto Spiller (page does not exist)">Spiller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ditmar_Staffelt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ditmar Staffelt (page does not exist)">Staffelt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_Steppuhn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas Steppuhn (page does not exist)">Steppuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Stiegler" title="Ludwig Stiegler">Stiegler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_St%C3%B6ckel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Stöckel (page does not exist)">Stöckel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Str%C3%A4sser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Strässer (page does not exist)">Strässer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Struck_(politician)" title="Peter Struck (politician)">Struck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_St%C3%BCnker" title="Joachim Stünker">Stünker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainer_Tabillion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainer Tabillion (page does not exist)">Tabillion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jella_Teuchner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jella Teuchner (page does not exist)">Teuchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Thierse" title="Wolfgang Thierse">Thierse</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B6rn_Thie%C3%9Fen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jörn Thießen (page does not exist)">Thießen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Th%C3%B6nnes" title="Franz Thönnes">Thönnes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-J%C3%BCrgen_Uhl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Jürgen Uhl (page does not exist)">Uhl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdiger_Veit" title="Rüdiger Veit">Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simone_Violka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simone Violka (page does not exist)">Violka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B6rg_Willi_Vogels%C3%A4nger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jörg Willi Vogelsänger (page does not exist)">Vogelsänger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marlies_Eva_Volkmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marlies Eva Volkmer (page does not exist)">Volkmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hedi_Wegener&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hedi Wegener (page does not exist)">Wegener</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andreas_Weigel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreas Weigel (page does not exist)">Weigel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Weis" title="Petra Weis">Weis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunter_Wei%C3%9Fgerber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunter Weißgerber (page does not exist)">Weißgerber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gert_Weisskirchen" title="Gert Weisskirchen">Weisskirchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Wend" title="Rainer Wend">Wend</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lydia_Westrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lydia Westrich (page does not exist)">Westrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margrit_Wetzel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margrit Wetzel (page does not exist)">Wetzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Wicklein" title="Andrea Wicklein">Wicklein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidemarie_Wieczorek-Zeul" title="Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul">Wieczorek-Zeul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Wiefelsp%C3%BCtz" title="Dieter Wiefelspütz">Wiefelspütz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engelbert_Wistuba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Engelbert Wistuba (page does not exist)">Wistuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Wodarg" title="Wolfgang Wodarg">Wodarg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waltraud_Wolff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waltraud Wolff (page does not exist)">Wolff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heidemarie_Wright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heidemarie Wright (page does not exist)">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uta_Zapf" title="Uta Zapf">Zapf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Helmut_Z%C3%B6llmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Helmut Zöllmer (page does not exist)">Zöllmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Zypries" title="Brigitte Zypries">Zypries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">FDP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Template:16th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:16th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Template talk:16th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:16th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Special:EditPage/Template:16th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_FDP124" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/59px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png" decoding="async" width="59" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/90px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/117px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="314" /></span></span> FDP</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Gerhardt" title="Wolfgang Gerhardt">Wolfgang Gerhardt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guido_Westerwelle" title="Guido Westerwelle">Guido Westerwelle</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Ackermann" title="Jens Ackermann">Ackermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Addicks" title="Karl Addicks">Addicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Ahrendt" title="Christian Ahrendt">Ahrendt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bahr" title="Daniel Bahr">Bahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Barth" title="Uwe Barth">Barth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Br%C3%BCderle" title="Rainer Brüderle">Brüderle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Brunkhorst" title="Angelika Brunkhorst">Brunkhorst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Burgbacher" title="Ernst Burgbacher">Burgbacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_D%C3%B6ring" title="Patrick Döring">Döring</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mechthild_Dyckmans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mechthild Dyckmans (page does not exist)">Dyckmans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_van_Essen" title="Jörg van Essen">Essen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrike_Flach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrike Flach (page does not exist)">Flach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Fricke" title="Otto Fricke">Fricke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Klemens_Friedhoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Klemens Friedhoff (page does not exist)">Friedhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_Friedrich" title="Horst Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edmund_Peter_Geisen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edmund Peter Geisen (page does not exist)">Geisen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Gerhardt" title="Wolfgang Gerhardt">Gerhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Michael_Goldmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Michael Goldmann (page does not exist)">Goldmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miriam_Gru%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miriam Gruß (page does not exist)">Gruß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_G%C3%BCnther_(politician,_born_1948)" title="Joachim Günther (politician, born 1948)">Günther</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christel_Happach-Kasan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christel Happach-Kasan (page does not exist)">Happach-Kasan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz-Peter_Haustein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz-Peter Haustein (page does not exist)">Haustein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elke_Hoff" title="Elke Hoff">Hoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgit_Homburger" title="Birgit Homburger">Homburger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Hoyer" title="Werner Hoyer">Hoyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kauch" title="Michael Kauch">Kauch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Leonhard_Kolb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Leonhard Kolb (page does not exist)">Kolb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hellmut_K%C3%B6nigshaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hellmut Königshaus (page does not exist)">Königshaus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudrun_Kopp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gudrun Kopp (page does not exist)">Kopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Koppelin" title="Jürgen Koppelin">Koppelin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Kurth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Kurth (page does not exist)">Kurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Lanfermann" title="Heinz Lanfermann">Lanfermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibylle_Laurischk" title="Sibylle Laurischk">Laurischk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Leibrecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harald Leibrecht (page does not exist)">Leibrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ina_Lenke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ina Lenke (page does not exist)">Lenke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger" title="Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger">Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Georg_Link" title="Michael Georg Link">Link</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markus_L%C3%B6ning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Markus Löning (page does not exist)">Löning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horst_Meierhofer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horst Meierhofer (page does not exist)">Meierhofer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Meinhardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Meinhardt (page does not exist)">Meinhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_M%C3%BCcke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan Mücke (page does not exist)">Mücke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Burkhardt_M%C3%BCller-S%C3%B6nksen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Burkhardt Müller-Sönksen (page does not exist)">Müller-Sönksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Niebel" title="Dirk Niebel">Niebel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Joachim_Otto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Joachim Otto (page does not exist)">Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Detlef_Parr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Detlef Parr (page does not exist)">Parr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Pieper" title="Cornelia Pieper">Pieper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gisela_Piltz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gisela Piltz (page does not exist)">Piltz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B6rg_Rohde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jörg Rohde (page does not exist)">Rohde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sch%C3%A4ffler" title="Frank Schäffler">Schäffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Schily" title="Konrad Schily">Schily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Schuster" title="Marina Schuster">Schuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Otto_Solms" title="Hermann Otto Solms">Solms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Stadler" title="Max Stadler">Stadler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainer_Stinner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainer Stinner (page does not exist)">Stinner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl-Ludwig_Thiele&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl-Ludwig Thiele (page does not exist)">Thiele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Toncar" title="Florian Toncar">Toncar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Waitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Waitz (page does not exist)">Waitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Westerwelle" title="Guido Westerwelle">Westerwelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Winterstein" title="Claudia Winterstein">Winterstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Wissing" title="Volker Wissing">Wissing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartfrid_Wolff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartfrid Wolff (page does not exist)">Wolff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Zeil" title="Martin Zeil">Zeil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">LINKE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Bundestag_LINKE" title="Template:16th Bundestag LINKE"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:16th_Bundestag_LINKE" title="Template talk:16th Bundestag LINKE"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:16th_Bundestag_LINKE" title="Special:EditPage/Template:16th Bundestag LINKE"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_LINKE118" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/52px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/79px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/103px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="51" /></span></span> LINKE</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Gregor_Gysi" title="Gregor Gysi">Gregor Gysi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oskar_Lafontaine" title="Oskar Lafontaine">Oskar Lafontaine</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCseyin_Kenan_Ayd%C4%B1n" title="Hüseyin Kenan Aydın">Aydın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietmar_Bartsch" title="Dietmar Bartsch">Bartsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karin_Binder" title="Karin Binder">Binder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothar_Bisky" title="Lothar Bisky">Bisky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidrun_Bluhm" title="Heidrun Bluhm">Bluhm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Bulling-Schr%C3%B6ter" title="Eva Bulling-Schröter">Bulling-Schröter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martina_Bunge" title="Martina Bunge">Bunge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Claus" title="Roland Claus">Claus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevim_Da%C4%9Fdelen" title="Sevim Dağdelen">Dağdelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diether_Dehm" title="Diether Dehm">Dehm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Dreibus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Dreibus (page does not exist)">Dreibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Enkelmann" title="Dagmar Enkelmann">Enkelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Ernst" title="Klaus Ernst">Ernst</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Gehrcke-Reymann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Gehrcke-Reymann (page does not exist)">Gehrcke-Reymann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Golze" title="Diana Golze">Golze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Gysi" title="Gregor Gysi">Gysi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heike_H%C3%A4nsel" title="Heike Hänsel">Hänsel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutz_Eberhard_Heilmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lutz Eberhard Heilmann (page does not exist)">Heilmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Kurt_Hill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Kurt Hill (page does not exist)">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cornelia_Hirsch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cornelia Hirsch (page does not exist)">Hirsch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inge_H%C3%B6ger-Neuling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inge Höger-Neuling (page does not exist)">Höger-Neuling</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_H%C3%B6ll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Höll (page does not exist)">Höll</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steffen_Hultsch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steffen Hultsch (page does not exist)">Hultsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulla_Jelpke" title="Ulla Jelpke">Jelpke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lukrezia_Jochimsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lukrezia Jochimsen (page does not exist)">Jochimsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakk%C4%B1_Keskin" title="Hakkı Keskin">Keskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Kipping" title="Katja Kipping">Kipping</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monika_Knoche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monika Knoche (page does not exist)">Knoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Korte_(politician)" title="Jan Korte (politician)">Korte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_Kunert" title="Katrin Kunert">Kunert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Lafontaine" title="Oskar Lafontaine">Lafontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Gerhard_Leutert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Gerhard Leutert (page does not exist)">Leutert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_L%C3%B6tzer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Lötzer (page does not exist)">Lötzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gesine_L%C3%B6tzsch" title="Gesine Lötzsch">Lötzsch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Maurer_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Maurer (politician) (page does not exist)">Maurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doroth%C3%A9e_Menzner" title="Dorothée Menzner">Menzner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kornelia_Edeltraud_Karin_M%C3%B6ller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kornelia Edeltraud Karin Möller (page does not exist)">Möller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersten_Naumann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kersten Naumann (page does not exist)">Naumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ne%C5%A1kovi%C4%87" title="Wolfgang Nešković">Neskovic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Paech" title="Norman Paech">Paech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Pau" title="Petra Pau">Pau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodo_Ramelow" title="Bodo Ramelow">Ramelow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elke_Reinke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elke Reinke (page does not exist)">Reinke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sch%C3%A4fer_(politician)" title="Paul Schäfer (politician)">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volker_Schneider&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volker Schneider (page does not exist)">Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herbert_Schui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herbert Schui (page does not exist)">Schui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilja_Seifert" title="Ilja Seifert">Seifert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Sitte" title="Petra Sitte">Sitte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Spieth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Spieth (page does not exist)">Spieth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Tackmann" title="Kirsten Tackmann">Tackmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Tempel" title="Frank Tempel">Tempel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Troost" title="Axel Troost">Troost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ulrich" title="Alexander Ulrich">Ulrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gert_Winkelmeier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gert Winkelmeier (page does not exist)">Winkelmeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rn_Wunderlich" title="Jörn Wunderlich">Wunderlich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Zimmermann_(politician)" title="Sabine Zimmermann (politician)">Zimmermann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">GRÜNE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Template:16th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:16th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Template talk:16th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:16th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Special:EditPage/Template:16th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_GRUENE134" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/32px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/49px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/64px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="272" /></span></span> GRUENE</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Renate_K%C3%BCnast" title="Renate Künast">Renate Künast</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Kuhn" title="Fritz Kuhn">Fritz Kuhn</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Andreae" title="Kerstin Andreae">Andreae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marieluise_Beck" title="Marieluise Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Beck_(politician)" title="Volker Beck (politician)">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Behm" title="Cornelia Behm">Behm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgitt_Bender" title="Birgitt Bender">Bender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Berninger" title="Matthias Berninger">Berninger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bonde" title="Alexander Bonde">Bonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekin_Delig%C3%B6z" title="Ekin Deligöz">Deligöz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thea_D%C3%BCckert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thea Dückert (page does not exist)">Dückert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Eid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Eid (page does not exist)">Eid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Josef_Fell" title="Hans-Josef Fell">Fell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joschka_Fischer" title="Joschka Fischer">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai_Gehring" title="Kai Gehring">Gehring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_G%C3%B6ring-Eckardt" title="Katrin Göring-Eckardt">Göring-Eckardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Hajduk" title="Anja Hajduk">Hajduk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britta_Ha%C3%9Felmann" title="Britta Haßelmann">Haßelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfried_Hermann" title="Winfried Hermann">Hermann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Hettlich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Hettlich (page does not exist)">Hettlich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priska_Hinz" title="Priska Hinz">Hinz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrike_H%C3%B6fken" title="Ulrike Höfken">Höfken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Hofreiter" title="Anton Hofreiter">Hofreiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_H%C3%B6hn" title="Bärbel Höhn">Höhn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thilo_Hoppe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thilo Hoppe (page does not exist)">Hoppe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ute_Koczy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ute Koczy (page does not exist)">Koczy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Kotting-Uhl" title="Sylvia Kotting-Uhl">Kotting-Uhl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Kuhn" title="Fritz Kuhn">Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renate_K%C3%BCnast" title="Renate Künast">Künast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Undine_Kurth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Undine Kurth (page does not exist)">Kurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Kurth_(politician)" title="Markus Kurth (politician)">Kurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Lazar" title="Monika Lazar">Lazar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Loske&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhard Loske (page does not exist)">Loske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_L%C3%BChrmann" title="Anna Lührmann">Lührmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Montag" title="Jerzy Montag">Montag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerstin_M%C3%BCller_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kerstin Müller (politician) (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfried_Nachtwei" title="Winfried Nachtwei">Nachtwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Pothmer" title="Brigitte Pothmer">Pothmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Roth" title="Claudia Roth">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krista_Sager" title="Krista Sager">Sager</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elisabethe_Scharfenberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elisabethe Scharfenberg (page does not exist)">Scharfenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Scheel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christine Scheel (page does not exist)">Scheel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irmingard_Schewe-Gerigk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irmingard Schewe-Gerigk (page does not exist)">Schewe-Gerigk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schick" title="Gerhard Schick">Schick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grietje_Staffelt" title="Grietje Staffelt">Staffelt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainder_Steenblock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainder Steenblock (page does not exist)">Steenblock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silke_Stokar_von_Neuforn" title="Silke Stokar von Neuforn">Stokar von Neuforn </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Christian_Str%C3%B6bele" title="Hans-Christian Ströbele">Ströbele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Terpe" title="Harald Terpe">Terpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Trittin" title="Jürgen Trittin">Trittin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Wieland" title="Wolfgang Wieland">Wieland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Josef_Philip_Winkler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josef Philip Winkler (page does not exist)">Winkler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margareta_Wolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margareta Wolf (page does not exist)">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">OTHER</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:16th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Template:16th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:16th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Template talk:16th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:16th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Special:EditPage/Template:16th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Independent11" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Independent</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Tauss" title="Jörg Tauss">Tauss</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_16th_Bundestag" title="List of members of the 16th Bundestag">List of members of the 16th Bundestag</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_17th_Bundestag_(2009–2013)371" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Members_of_the_17th_Bundestag" title="Template:Members of the 17th Bundestag"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Members_of_the_17th_Bundestag" title="Template talk:Members of the 17th Bundestag"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Members_of_the_17th_Bundestag" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Members of the 17th Bundestag"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_17th_Bundestag_(2009–2013)371" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/20px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/30px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/39px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="348" /></span></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/29px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/57px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_17th_Bundestag" title="List of members of the 17th Bundestag">Members of the 17th Bundestag (2009–2013)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Bundestag" title="President of the Bundestag">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Norbert_Lammert" title="Norbert Lammert">Norbert Lammert</a> (<a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">CDU</a>)</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">CDU/CSU</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Template:17th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:17th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Template talk:17th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:17th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Special:EditPage/Template:17th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_CDU_and_CSU98" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg/120px-Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg/250px-Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="227" /></span></span> CDU and CSU</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Volker_Kauder" title="Volker Kauder">Volker Kauder</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>CDU:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Altmaier" title="Peter Altmaier">Altmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Barei%C3%9F" title="Thomas Bareiß">Bareiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Barthle" title="Norbert Barthle">Barthle</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Baumann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helmut Baumann (page does not exist)">Baumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst-Reinhard_Beck" title="Ernst-Reinhard Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Behrens" title="Manfred Behrens">Behrens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veronika_Bellmann" title="Veronika Bellmann">Bellmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Bergner" title="Christoph Bergner">Bergner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Beyer_(politician)" title="Peter Beyer (politician)">Beyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Bilger" title="Steffen Bilger">Bilger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_Binninger" title="Clemens Binninger">Binninger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bleser" title="Peter Bleser">Bleser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_B%C3%B6hmer" title="Maria Böhmer">Böhmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_B%C3%B6rnsen" title="Wolfgang Börnsen">Börnsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Bosbach" title="Wolfgang Bosbach">Bosbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Brackmann" title="Norbert Brackmann">Brackmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Br%C3%A4hmig" title="Klaus Brähmig">Brähmig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Brand_(politician)" title="Michael Brand (politician)">Brand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Brandt" title="Helmut Brandt">Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralf_Brauksiepe" title="Ralf Brauksiepe">Brauksiepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helge_Braun" title="Helge Braun">Braun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heike_Brehmer" title="Heike Brehmer">Brehmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Brinkhaus" title="Ralph Brinkhaus">Brinkhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cajus_Caesar" class="mw-redirect" title="Cajus Caesar">Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gitta_Connemann" title="Gitta Connemann">Connemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Dautzenberg" title="Leo Dautzenberg">Dautzenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_de_Maizi%C3%A8re" title="Thomas de Maizière">de Maizière</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_D%C3%B6rflinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Dörflinger (page does not exist)">Dörflinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Luise_D%C3%B6tt" title="Marie-Luise Dött">Dött</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Feist" title="Thomas Feist">Feist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enak_Ferlemann" title="Enak Ferlemann">Ferlemann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingrid_Fischbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingrid Fischbach (page does not exist)">Fischbach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartwig_Fischer_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartwig Fischer (politician) (page does not exist)">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Fischer" title="Axel Fischer">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Fischer_(politician)" title="Dirk Fischer (politician)">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Flachsbarth" title="Maria Flachsbarth">Flachsbarth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus-Peter_Flosbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus-Peter Flosbach (page does not exist)">Flosbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_G._Fritz" title="Erich G. Fritz">Fritz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fuchs_(politician)" title="Michael Fuchs (politician)">Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Joachim_Fuchtel" title="Hans-Joachim Fuchtel">Fuchtel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Funk" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Funk">Funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingo_G%C3%A4dechens" title="Ingo Gädechens">Gädechens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gebhart" title="Thomas Gebhart">Gebhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alois_Gerig" title="Alois Gerig">Gerig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eberhard_Gienger" title="Eberhard Gienger">Gienger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G%C3%B6tz" title="Peter Götz">Götz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Granold" title="Ute Granold">Granold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Grindel" title="Reinhard Grindel">Grindel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Gr%C3%B6he" title="Hermann Gröhe">Gröhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Grosse-Br%C3%B6mer" title="Michael Grosse-Brömer">Grosse-Brömer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrid_Grotel%C3%BCschen" title="Astrid Grotelüschen">Grotelüschen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Gr%C3%BCbel" title="Markus Grübel">Grübel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Grund" title="Manfred Grund">Grund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Gr%C3%BCtters" title="Monika Grütters">Grütters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olav_Gutting" title="Olav Gutting">Gutting</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holger-Heinrich_Haibach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holger-Heinrich Haibach (page does not exist)">Haibach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Harbarth" title="Stephan Harbarth">Harbarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Hardt" title="Jürgen Hardt">Hardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Heider" title="Matthias Heider">Heider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Heiderich" title="Helmut Heiderich">Heiderich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechthild_Heil" title="Mechthild Heil">Heil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Heinen-Esser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Heinen-Esser (page does not exist)">Heinen-Esser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Heinrich" title="Frank Heinrich">Heinrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Henke" title="Rudolf Henke">Henke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hennrich" title="Michael Hennrich">Hennrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrgen_Herrmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürgen Herrmann (page does not exist)">Herrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansgar_Heveling" title="Ansgar Heveling">Heveling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hintze" title="Peter Hintze">Hintze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Hirte" title="Christian Hirte">Hirte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hochbaum" title="Robert Hochbaum">Hochbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz-Josef_Holzenkamp" title="Franz-Josef Holzenkamp">Holzenkamp</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_H%C3%B6rster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Hörster (page does not exist)">Hörster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anette_H%C3%BCbinger" title="Anette Hübinger">Hübinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_H%C3%BCppe" title="Hubert Hüppe">Hüppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jarzombek" title="Thomas Jarzombek">Jarzombek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dieter_Jasper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dieter Jasper (page does not exist)">Jasper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Jung" title="Andreas Jung">Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Jung" title="Franz Josef Jung">Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egon_J%C3%BCttner" title="Egon Jüttner">Jüttner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Werner_Kammer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Werner Kammer (page does not exist)">Kammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Kampeter" title="Steffen Kampeter">Kampeter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_Kaster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernhard Kaster (page does not exist)">Kaster</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegfried_Kauder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegfried Kauder (page does not exist)">Kauder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Kauder" title="Volker Kauder">Kauder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Kaufmann_(politician)" title="Stefan Kaufmann (politician)">Kaufmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderich_Kiesewetter" title="Roderich Kiesewetter">Kiesewetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckart_von_Klaeden" title="Eckart von Klaeden">von Klaeden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewa_Klamt" title="Ewa Klamt">Klamt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkmar_Klein" title="Volkmar Klein">Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Klimke" title="Jürgen Klimke">Klimke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Kl%C3%B6ckner" title="Julia Klöckner">Klöckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Knoerig" title="Axel Knoerig">Knoerig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Koeppen" title="Jens Koeppen">Koeppen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Kolbe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Kolbe (page does not exist)">Kolbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Koschorrek" title="Rolf Koschorrek">Koschorrek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Kossendey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Kossendey (page does not exist)">Kossendey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kretschmer" title="Michael Kretschmer">Kretschmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunther_Krichbaum" title="Gunther Krichbaum">Krichbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Krings" title="Günter Krings">Krings</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martina_Krogmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martina Krogmann (page does not exist)">Krogmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdiger_Kruse" title="Rüdiger Kruse">Kruse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Kudla" title="Bettina Kudla">Kudla</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Kues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Kues (page does not exist)">Kues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Lach" title="Günter Lach">Lach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_A._Lamers" title="Karl A. Lamers">Lamers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_L%C3%A4mmel" title="Andreas Lämmel">Lämmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Lammert" title="Norbert Lammert">Lammert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Landgraf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Landgraf (page does not exist)">Landgraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">von der Leyen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingbert_Liebing" title="Ingbert Liebing">Liebing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthias_Lietz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthias Lietz (page does not exist)">Lietz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Linnemann" title="Carsten Linnemann">Linnemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Lips" title="Patricia Lips">Lips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan-Marco_Luczak" title="Jan-Marco Luczak">Luczak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Luther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Luther (page does not exist)">Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karin_Maag" title="Karin Maag">Maag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Georg_von_der_Marwitz_(politician)" title="Hans-Georg von der Marwitz (politician)">von der Marwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Mattfeldt" title="Andreas Mattfeldt">Mattfeldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Meister" title="Michael Meister">Meister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Merkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Michalk" title="Maria Michalk">Michalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathias_Middelberg" title="Mathias Middelberg">Middelberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Mi%C3%9Ffelder" title="Philipp Mißfelder">Mißfelder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Monstadt" title="Dietrich Monstadt">Monstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadine_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nadine Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Murmann" title="Philipp Murmann">Murmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Neumann" title="Bernd Neumann">Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michaela_Noll" title="Michaela Noll">Noll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henning_Otte" title="Henning Otte">Otte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Paul_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Paul (politician) (page does not exist)">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rita_Pawelski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rita Pawelski (page does not exist)">Pawelski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Petzold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Petzold (page does not exist)">Petzold</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibylle_Pfeiffer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sibylle Pfeiffer (page does not exist)">Pfeiffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Pfeiffer" title="Joachim Pfeiffer">Pfeiffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_Philipp" title="Beatrix Philipp">Philipp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Pofalla" title="Ronald Pofalla">Pofalla</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Poland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Poland (page does not exist)">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruprecht_Polenz" title="Ruprecht Polenz">Polenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckhard_Pols" title="Eckhard Pols">Pols</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucia_Puttrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucia Puttrich (page does not exist)">Puttrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rachel" title="Thomas Rachel">Rachel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckhardt_Rehberg" title="Eckhardt Rehberg">Rehberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherina_Reiche" title="Katherina Reiche">Reiche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothar_Riebsamen" title="Lothar Riebsamen">Riebsamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Rief" title="Josef Rief">Rief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Riegert" title="Klaus Riegert">Riegert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Riesenhuber" title="Heinz Riesenhuber">Riesenhuber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_R%C3%B6ring" title="Johannes Röring">Röring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_R%C3%B6ttgen" title="Norbert Röttgen">Röttgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_R%C3%BCddel" title="Erwin Rüddel">Rüddel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Anita Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble" title="Wolfgang Schäuble">Schäuble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Schavan" title="Annette Schavan">Schavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Schiewerling" title="Karl Schiewerling">Schiewerling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Schindler" title="Norbert Schindler">Schindler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tankred_Schipanski" title="Tankred Schipanski">Schipanski</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Schirmbeck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Schirmbeck (page does not exist)">Schirmbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Schnieder" title="Patrick Schnieder">Schnieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Schockenhoff" title="Andreas Schockenhoff">Schockenhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristina_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Kristina Schröder">Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ole_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Ole Schröder">Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_Schulte-Dr%C3%BCggelte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernhard Schulte-Drüggelte (page does not exist)">Schulte-Drüggelte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Schummer" title="Uwe Schummer">Schummer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armin_Schuster" title="Armin Schuster">Schuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detlef_Seif" title="Detlef Seif">Seif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Selle" title="Johannes Selle">Selle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Sendker" title="Reinhold Sendker">Sendker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Sensburg" title="Patrick Sensburg">Sensburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Siebert_(politician)" title="Bernd Siebert (politician)">Siebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Spahn" title="Jens Spahn">Spahn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carola_Stauche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carola Stauche (page does not exist)">Stauche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Steffel" title="Frank Steffel">Steffel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erika_Steinbach" title="Erika Steinbach">Steinbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_von_Stetten" title="Christian von Stetten">von Stetten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Stier" title="Dieter Stier">Stier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gero_Storjohann" title="Gero Storjohann">Storjohann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karin_Strenz" title="Karin Strenz">Strenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Strobl" title="Thomas Strobl">Strobl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lena_Strothmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lena Strothmann (page does not exist)">Strothmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_St%C3%BCbgen" title="Michael Stübgen">Stübgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Tauber" title="Peter Tauber">Tauber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antje_Tillmann" title="Antje Tillmann">Tillmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Vaatz" title="Arnold Vaatz">Vaatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkmar_Vogel" title="Volkmar Vogel">Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stefanie_Vogelsang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stefanie Vogelsang (page does not exist)">Vogelsang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Vo%C3%9Fhoff" title="Andrea Voßhoff">Voßhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wadephul" title="Johann Wadephul">Wadephul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Wanderwitz" title="Marco Wanderwitz">Wanderwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai_Wegner" title="Kai Wegner">Wegner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Weinberg" title="Marcus Weinberg">Weinberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Weiss_(politician)" title="Sabine Weiss (politician)">Weiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wei%C3%9F" title="Peter Weiß">Weiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingo_Wellenreuther" title="Ingo Wellenreuther">Wellenreuther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl-Georg_Wellmann" title="Karl-Georg Wellmann">Wellmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wichtel" title="Peter Wichtel">Wichtel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Widmann-Mauz" title="Annette Widmann-Mauz">Widmann-Mauz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus-Peter_Willsch" title="Klaus-Peter Willsch">Willsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Winkelmeier-Becker" title="Elisabeth Winkelmeier-Becker">Winkelmeier-Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Zimmer" title="Matthias Zimmer">Zimmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willi_Zylajew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willi Zylajew (page does not exist)">Zylajew</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>CSU:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilse_Aigner" title="Ilse Aigner">Aigner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Aumer" title="Peter Aumer">Aumer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothee_B%C3%A4r" title="Dorothee Bär">Bär</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Brandl" title="Reinhard Brandl">Brandl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dobrindt" title="Alexander Dobrindt">Dobrindt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Frankenhauser" title="Herbert Frankenhauser">Frankenhauser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Friedrich" title="Hans-Peter Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Frieser" title="Michael Frieser">Frieser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gauweiler" title="Peter Gauweiler">Gauweiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Geis" title="Norbert Geis">Geis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Glos" title="Michael Glos">Glos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_G%C3%B6ppel" title="Josef Göppel">Göppel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_G%C3%B6tzer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Götzer (page does not exist)">Götzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl-Theodor_zu_Guttenberg" title="Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg">zu Guttenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Hahn" title="Florian Hahn">Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerda_Hasselfeldt" title="Gerda Hasselfeldt">Hasselfeldt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_Hinsken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Hinsken (page does not exist)">Hinsken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Holmeier" title="Karl Holmeier">Holmeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholom%C3%A4us_Kalb" title="Bartholomäus Kalb">Kalb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alois_Karl" title="Alois Karl">Karl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartmut_Koschyk" title="Hartmut Koschyk">Koschyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Lange_(politician)" title="Ulrich Lange (politician)">Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Lehmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Lehmer (page does not exist)">Lehmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lehrieder" title="Paul Lehrieder">Lehrieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Mayer" title="Stephan Mayer">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Michelbach" title="Hans Michelbach">Michelbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlene_Mortler" title="Marlene Mortler">Mortler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Gerd Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Stefan Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_N%C3%BC%C3%9Flein" title="Georg Nüßlein">Nüßlein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_Obermeier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz Obermeier (page does not exist)">Obermeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Oswald" title="Eduard Oswald">Oswald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Ludwig" title="Daniela Ludwig">Raab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ramsauer" title="Peter Ramsauer">Ramsauer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Ruck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Ruck (page does not exist)">Ruck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Rupprecht" title="Albert Rupprecht">Rupprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Scheuer" title="Andreas Scheuer">Scheuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Schmidt" title="Christian Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Silberhorn" title="Thomas Silberhorn">Silberhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Singhammer" title="Johannes Singhammer">Singhammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Stracke" title="Stephan Stracke">Stracke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Straubinger" title="Max Straubinger">Straubinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Uhl" title="Hans-Peter Uhl">Uhl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_W%C3%B6hrl" title="Dagmar Wöhrl">Wöhrl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Z%C3%B6ller" title="Wolfgang Zöller">Zöller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">SPD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Template:17th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:17th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Template talk:17th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:17th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Special:EditPage/Template:17th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_SPD109" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/92px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="92" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/141px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/184px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="684" data-file-height="127" /></span></span> SPD</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Arndt-Brauer" title="Ingrid Arndt-Brauer">Arndt-Brauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Arnold" title="Rainer Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Joachim_Barchmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Joachim Barchmann (page does not exist)">Barchmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Barnett" title="Doris Barnett">Barnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Bartels" title="Hans-Peter Bartels">Bartels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Barthel" title="Klaus Barthel">Barthel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6ren_Bartol" title="Sören Bartol">Bartol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_Bas" title="Bärbel Bas">Bas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_B%C3%A4tzing-Lichtenth%C3%A4ler" title="Sabine Bätzing-Lichtenthäler">Bätzing-Lichtenthäler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Becker" title="Dirk Becker">Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Beckmeyer" title="Uwe Beckmeyer">Beckmeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothar_Binding" title="Lothar Binding">Binding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_Bollmann" title="Gerd Bollmann">Bollmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Brandner_(politician)" title="Klaus Brandner (politician)">Brandner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willi_Brase" title="Willi Brase">Brase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Brinkmann" title="Bernhard Brinkmann">Brinkmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edelgard_Bulmahn" title="Edelgard Bulmahn">Bulmahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_B%C3%BClow" title="Marco Bülow">Bülow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Burchardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Burchardt (page does not exist)">Burchardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Burkert" title="Martin Burkert">Burkert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_Crone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Crone (page does not exist)">Crone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Danckert" title="Peter Danckert">Danckert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_D%C3%B6rmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Dörmann (page does not exist)">Dörmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elvira_Drobinski-Wei%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elvira Drobinski-Weiß (page does not exist)">Drobinski-Weiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrelt_Duin" title="Garrelt Duin">Duin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Edathy" title="Sebastian Edathy">Edathy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingo_Egloff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingo Egloff (page does not exist)">Egloff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siegmund_Ehrmand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siegmund Ehrmand (page does not exist)">Ehrmand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gernot_Erler" title="Gernot Erler">Erler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_Ernstberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Ernstberger (page does not exist)">Ernstberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karin_Evers-Meyer" title="Karin Evers-Meyer">Evers-Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elke_Ferner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elke Ferner (page does not exist)">Ferner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Fograscher" title="Gabriele Fograscher">Fograscher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Franke" title="Edgar Franke">Franke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Freitag" title="Dagmar Freitag">Freitag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Friedrich_(politician,_born_1972)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Friedrich (politician, born 1972) (page does not exist)">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmar_Gabriel" title="Sigmar Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gerdes" title="Michael Gerdes">Gerdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gerster" title="Martin Gerster">Gerster</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iris_Gleicke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iris Gleicke (page does not exist)">Gleicke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCnter_Gloser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Günter Gloser (page does not exist)">Gloser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrike_Gottschalck" title="Ulrike Gottschalck">Gottschalck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Graf" title="Angelika Graf">Graf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Griese" title="Kerstin Griese">Griese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Groneberg" title="Gabriele Groneberg">Groneberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Groschek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Groschek (page does not exist)">Groschek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gro%C3%9F_(politician)" title="Michael Groß (politician)">Groß</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Gunkel_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Gunkel (politician) (page does not exist)">Gunkel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Joachim_Hacker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Joachim Hacker (page does not exist)">Hacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Hagedorn" title="Bettina Hagedorn">Hagedorn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Hagemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Hagemann (page does not exist)">Hagemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hartmann_(politician)" title="Michael Hartmann (politician)">Hartmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Heil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Hellmich" title="Wolfgang Hellmich">Hellmich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Hempelmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Hempelmann (page does not exist)">Hempelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hendricks_(politician)" title="Barbara Hendricks (politician)">Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Herzog" title="Gustav Herzog">Herzog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Hiller-Ohm" title="Gabriele Hiller-Ohm">Hiller-Ohm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Hinz" title="Petra Hinz">Hinz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Hofmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Hofmann">Hofmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_H%C3%B6gl" title="Eva Högl">Högl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christel_Humme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christel Humme (page does not exist)">Humme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Josip_Juratovi%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josip Juratović (page does not exist)">Juratović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Kaczmarek" title="Oliver Kaczmarek">Kaczmarek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kahrs_(politician)" title="Johannes Kahrs (politician)">Kahrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Kastner" title="Susanne Kastner">Kastner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Kelber" title="Ulrich Kelber">Kelber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Klingbeil" title="Lars Klingbeil">Klingbeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Ulrich_Klose" title="Hans-Ulrich Klose">Klose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrid_Klug" title="Astrid Klug">Klug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_Kofler" title="Bärbel Kofler">Kofler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Kolbe" title="Daniela Kolbe">Kolbe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_K%C3%B6rper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fritz Körper (page does not exist)">Körper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anette_Kramme" title="Anette Kramme">Kramme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolette_Kressl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolette Kressl (page does not exist)">Kressl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Kr%C3%BCger-Lei%C3%9Fner" title="Angelika Krüger-Leißner">Krüger-Leißner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ute_Kumpf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ute Kumpf (page does not exist)">Kumpf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Lambrecht" title="Christine Lambrecht">Lambrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Lange_(politician)" title="Christian Lange (politician)">Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Lauterbach" title="Karl Lauterbach">Lauterbach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steffen-Claudio_Lemme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steffen-Claudio Lemme (page does not exist)">Lemme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkhard_Lischka" title="Burkhard Lischka">Lischka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriele_L%C3%B6sekrug-M%C3%B6ller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriele Lösekrug-Möller (page does not exist)">Lösekrug-Möller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirsten_L%C3%BChmann" title="Kirsten Lühmann">Lühmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caren_Marks" title="Caren Marks">Marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Mast" title="Katja Mast">Mast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildegard_Mattheis" class="mw-redirect" title="Hildegard Mattheis">Mattheis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_Merkel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Merkel (page does not exist)">Merkel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ullrich_Me%C3%9Fmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ullrich Meßmer (page does not exist)">Meßmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Miersch" title="Matthias Miersch">Miersch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Franz Müntefering">Müntefering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_M%C3%BCtzenich" title="Rolf Mützenich">Mützenich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Nahles" title="Andrea Nahles">Nahles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietmar_Nietan" title="Dietmar Nietan">Nietan </a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Nink&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Nink (page does not exist)">Nink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Oppermann" title="Thomas Oppermann">Oppermann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holger_Ortel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holger Ortel (page does not exist)">Ortel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aydan_%C3%96zo%C4%9Fuz" title="Aydan Özoğuz">Özoğuz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Paula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Paula (page does not exist)">Paula</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Pflug&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Pflug (page does not exist)">Pflug</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_Po%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Poß (page does not exist)">Poß</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Priesmeier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Priesmeier (page does not exist)">Priesmeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Pronold" title="Florian Pronold">Pronold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sascha_Raabe" title="Sascha Raabe">Raabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechthild_Rawert" title="Mechthild Rawert">Rawert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stefan_Rebmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stefan Rebmann (page does not exist)">Rebmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerold_Reichenbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerold Reichenbach (page does not exist)">Reichenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carola_Reimann" title="Carola Reimann">Reimann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6nke_Rix" title="Sönke Rix">Rix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_R%C3%B6spel" title="René Röspel">Röspel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Dieter_Rossmann" title="Ernst Dieter Rossmann">Rossmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karin_Roth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karin Roth (page does not exist)">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Roth_(politician)" title="Michael Roth (politician)">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marlene_Rupprecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marlene Rupprecht (page does not exist)">Rupprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Sawade" title="Annette Sawade">Sawade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Schaaf" title="Anton Schaaf">Schaaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Axel Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernd_Scheelen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernd Scheelen (page does not exist)">Scheelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Scheer" title="Hermann Scheer">Scheer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Schieder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Schieder (page does not exist)">Schieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Schieder" title="Marianne Schieder">Schieder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sylvia_Schmidt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sylvia Schmidt (page does not exist)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulla_Schmidt" title="Ulla Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Schneider" title="Carsten Schneider">Schneider</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottmar_Schreiner" title="Ottmar Schreiner">Schreiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swen_Schulz" title="Swen Schulz">Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewald_Schurer" title="Ewald Schurer">Schurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Schwabe" title="Frank Schwabe">Schwabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelica_Schwall-D%C3%BCren" title="Angelica Schwall-Düren">Schwall-Düren</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Schwanholz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Schwanholz (page does not exist)">Schwanholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Schwanitz" title="Rolf Schwanitz">Schwanitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Schwartze" title="Stefan Schwartze">Schwartze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Schwarzel%C3%BChr-Sutter" title="Rita Schwarzelühr-Sutter">Schwarzelühr-Sutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Sieling" title="Carsten Sieling">Sieling</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonja_Amalie_Steffen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonja Amalie Steffen (page does not exist)">Steffen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peer_Steinbr%C3%BCck" title="Peer Steinbrück">Steinbrück</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Steinmeier</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Str%C3%A4sser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Strässer (page does not exist)">Strässer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Tack" title="Kerstin Tack">Tack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Thierse" title="Wolfgang Thierse">Thierse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Th%C3%B6nnes" title="Franz Thönnes">Thönnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Tiefensee" title="Wolfgang Tiefensee">Tiefensee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdiger_Veit" title="Rüdiger Veit">Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_Vogt" title="Ute Vogt">Vogt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eva_Volkmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eva Volkmer (page does not exist)">Volkmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Wicklein" title="Andrea Wicklein">Wicklein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidemarie_Wieczorek-Zeul" title="Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul">Wieczorek-Zeul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Wiefelsp%C3%BCtz" title="Dieter Wiefelspütz">Wiefelspütz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waltrud_Wolff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waltrud Wolff (page does not exist)">Wolff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uta_Zapf" title="Uta Zapf">Zapf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Ziegler" title="Dagmar Ziegler">Ziegler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manfred_Z%C3%B6llmer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manfred Zöllmer (page does not exist)">Zöllmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Zypries" title="Brigitte Zypries">Zypries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">FDP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Template:17th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:17th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Template talk:17th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:17th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Special:EditPage/Template:17th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_FDP122" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/59px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png" decoding="async" width="59" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/90px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/117px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="314" /></span></span> FDP</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Birgit_Homburger" title="Birgit Homburger">Birgit Homburger</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Br%C3%BCderle" title="Rainer Brüderle">Rainer Brüderle</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Ackermann" title="Jens Ackermann">Ackermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Ahrendt" title="Christian Ahrendt">Ahrendt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Aschenberg-Dugnus" title="Christine Aschenberg-Dugnus">Aschenberg-Dugnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bahr" title="Daniel Bahr">Bahr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Florian_Bernschneider&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Florian Bernschneider (page does not exist)">Bernschneider</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sebastian_Blumenthal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sebastian Blumenthal (page does not exist)">Blumenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudia_B%C3%B6gel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claudia Bögel (page does not exist)">Bögel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicole_Bracht-Bendt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicole Bracht-Bendt (page does not exist)">Bracht-Bendt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Breil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Breil (page does not exist)">Breil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Br%C3%BCderle" title="Rainer Brüderle">Brüderle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Brunkhorst" title="Angelika Brunkhorst">Brunkhorst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Burgbacher" title="Ernst Burgbacher">Burgbacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Buschmann" title="Marco Buschmann">Buschmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sylvia_Canel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sylvia Canel (page does not exist)">Canel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helga_Daub&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helga Daub (page does not exist)">Daub</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reiner_Deutschmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reiner Deutschmann (page does not exist)">Deutschmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijan_Djir-Sarai" title="Bijan Djir-Sarai">Djir-Sarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_D%C3%B6ring" title="Patrick Döring">Döring</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Drexler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Drexler (page does not exist)">Drexler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mechthild_Dyckmans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mechthild Dyckmans (page does not exist)">Dyckmans</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Werner_Ehrenberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Werner Ehrenberg (page does not exist)">Ehrenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainer_Erdel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainer Erdel (page does not exist)">Erdel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_van_Essen" title="Jörg van Essen">van Essen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrike_Flach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrike Flach (page does not exist)">Flach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Fricke" title="Otto Fricke">Fricke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Friedhoff" title="Paul Friedhoff">Friedhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edmund_Geisen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edmund Geisen (page does not exist)">Geisen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Gerhardt" title="Wolfgang Gerhardt">Gerhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Michael_Goldmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Michael Goldmann (page does not exist)">Goldmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Golombeck" title="Heinz Golombeck">Golombeck</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miriam_Gru%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miriam Gruß (page does not exist)">Gruß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_G%C3%BCnther_(politician,_born_1948)" title="Joachim Günther (politician, born 1948)">Günther</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christel_Happach-Kasan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christel Happach-Kasan (page does not exist)">Happach-Kasan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz-Peter_Haustein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz-Peter Haustein (page does not exist)">Haustein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_H%C3%B6ferlin" title="Manuel Höferlin">Höferlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elke_Hoff" title="Elke Hoff">Hoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgit_Homburger" title="Birgit Homburger">Homburger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Hoyer" title="Werner Hoyer">Hoyer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heiner_Kamp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heiner Kamp (page does not exist)">Kamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kauch" title="Michael Kauch">Kauch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutz_Knopek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lutz Knopek (page does not exist)">Knopek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Kober" title="Pascal Kober">Kober</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Kolb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Kolb (page does not exist)">Kolb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hellmut_K%C3%B6nigshaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hellmut Königshaus (page does not exist)">Königshaus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gudrun_Kopp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gudrun Kopp (page does not exist)">Kopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Koppelin" title="Jürgen Koppelin">Koppelin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sebastian_K%C3%B6rber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sebastian Körber (page does not exist)">Körber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holger_Krestel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holger Krestel (page does not exist)">Krestel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Kurth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Kurth (page does not exist)">Kurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Lanfermann" title="Heinz Lanfermann">Lanfermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibylle_Laurischk" title="Sibylle Laurischk">Laurischk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Leibrecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harald Leibrecht (page does not exist)">Leibrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger" title="Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger">Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Lindemann" title="Lars Lindemann">Lindemann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Lindner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Lindner (page does not exist)">Lindner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Lindner" title="Christian Lindner">Lindner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Georg_Link" title="Michael Georg Link">Link</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erwin_Lotter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erwin Lotter (page does not exist)">Lotter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Luksic" title="Oliver Luksic">Luksic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horst_Meierhofer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horst Meierhofer (page does not exist)">Meierhofer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Meinhardt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Meinhardt (page does not exist)">Meinhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helga_Molitor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helga Molitor (page does not exist)">Molitor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_M%C3%BCcke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan Mücke (page does not exist)">Mücke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petra_M%C3%BCller_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petra Müller (politician) (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Burkhardt_M%C3%BCller-S%C3%B6nksen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Burkhardt Müller-Sönksen (page does not exist)">Müller-Sönksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Neumann" title="Martin Neumann">Neumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Niebel" title="Dirk Niebel">Niebel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Joachim_Otto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Joachim Otto (page does not exist)">Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Pieper" title="Cornelia Pieper">Pieper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gisela_Piltz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gisela Piltz (page does not exist)">Piltz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B6rg_von_Polheim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jörg von Polheim (page does not exist)">von Polheim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christiane_Ratjen-Damerau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christiane Ratjen-Damerau (page does not exist)">Ratjen-Damerau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birgit_Reinemund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birgit Reinemund (page does not exist)">Reinemund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagen_Reinhold" title="Hagen Reinhold">Reinhold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_R%C3%B6hlinger" title="Peter Röhlinger">Röhlinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Ruppert" title="Stefan Ruppert">Ruppert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bj%C3%B6rn_S%C3%A4nger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Björn Sänger (page does not exist)">Sänger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sch%C3%A4ffler" title="Frank Schäffler">Schäffler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Schnurr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Schnurr (page does not exist)">Schnurr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Schulz" title="Jimmy Schulz">Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Schuster" title="Marina Schuster">Schuster</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erik_Schweickert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erik Schweickert (page does not exist)">Schweickert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Simmling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Simmling (page does not exist)">Simmling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Skudelny" title="Judith Skudelny">Skudelny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Otto_Solms" title="Hermann Otto Solms">Solms</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_Spatz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Spatz (page does not exist)">Spatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Stadler" title="Max Stadler">Stadler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torsten_Staffeldt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torsten Staffeldt (page does not exist)">Staffeldt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rainer_Stinner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rainer Stinner (page does not exist)">Stinner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl-Ludwig_Thiele&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl-Ludwig Thiele (page does not exist)">Thiele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Thomae" title="Stephan Thomae">Thomae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Todtenhausen" title="Manfred Todtenhausen">Todtenhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Toncar" title="Florian Toncar">Toncar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serkan_T%C3%B6ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serkan Tören (page does not exist)">Tören</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Vogel_(politician)" title="Johannes Vogel (politician)">Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Volk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Volk (page does not exist)">Volk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Westerwelle" title="Guido Westerwelle">Westerwelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Winterstein" title="Claudia Winterstein">Winterstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Wissing" title="Volker Wissing">Wissing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartfrid_Wolff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartfrid Wolff (page does not exist)">Wolff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">LINKE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Bundestag_LINKE" title="Template:17th Bundestag LINKE"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:17th_Bundestag_LINKE" title="Template talk:17th Bundestag LINKE"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:17th_Bundestag_LINKE" title="Special:EditPage/Template:17th Bundestag LINKE"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_LINKE93" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/52px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/79px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/103px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="51" /></span></span> LINKE</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Gregor_Gysi" title="Gregor Gysi">Gregor Gysi</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Alpers" title="Agnes Alpers">Alpers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietmar_Bartsch" title="Dietmar Bartsch">Bartsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Behrens" title="Herbert Behrens">Behrens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karin_Binder" title="Karin Binder">Binder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Birkwald" title="Matthias Birkwald">Birkwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidrun_Bluhm" title="Heidrun Bluhm">Bluhm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Bockhahn" title="Steffen Bockhahn">Bockhahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Buchholz" title="Christine Buchholz">Buchholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Bulling-Schr%C3%B6ter" title="Eva Bulling-Schröter">Bulling-Schröter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martina_Bunge" title="Martina Bunge">Bunge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Claus" title="Roland Claus">Claus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevim_Da%C4%9Fdelen" title="Sevim Dağdelen">Dağdelen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B6rg-Diether_Dehm-Desoi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jörg-Diether Dehm-Desoi (page does not exist)">Dehm-Desoi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heidrun_Dittrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heidrun Dittrich (page does not exist)">Dittrich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Dreibus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Dreibus (page does not exist)">Dreibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Enkelmann" title="Dagmar Enkelmann">Enkelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Ernst" title="Klaus Ernst">Ernst</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wolfgang_Gehrcke-Reymann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wolfgang Gehrcke-Reymann (page does not exist)">Gehrcke-Reymann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Gohlke" title="Nicole Gohlke">Gohlke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Golze" title="Diana Golze">Golze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Groth" title="Annette Groth">Groth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Gysi" title="Gregor Gysi">Gysi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heike_H%C3%A4nsel" title="Heike Hänsel">Hänsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemarie_Hein" title="Rosemarie Hein">Hein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inge_H%C3%B6ger" title="Inge Höger">Höger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_H%C3%B6ll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Höll (page does not exist)">Höll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrej_Hunko" title="Andrej Hunko">Hunko</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_Jelpke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Jelpke (page does not exist)">Jelpke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lukrezia_Jochimsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lukrezia Jochimsen (page does not exist)">Jochimsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Kipping" title="Katja Kipping">Kipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Koch" title="Harald Koch">Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Korte_(politician)" title="Jan Korte (politician)">Korte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jutta_Krellmann" title="Jutta Krellmann">Krellmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_Kunert" title="Katrin Kunert">Kunert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Lafontaine" title="Oskar Lafontaine">Lafontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caren_Lay" title="Caren Lay">Lay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Leidig" title="Sabine Leidig">Leidig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Lenkert" title="Ralph Lenkert">Lenkert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Leutert" title="Michael Leutert">Leutert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Liebich" title="Stefan Liebich">Liebich</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursula_L%C3%B6tzer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursula Lötzer (page does not exist)">Lötzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gesine_L%C3%B6tzsch" title="Gesine Lötzsch">Lötzsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lutze" title="Thomas Lutze">Lutze</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Maurer_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Maurer (politician) (page does not exist)">Maurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doroth%C3%A9e_Menzner" title="Dorothée Menzner">Menzner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_M%C3%B6hring" title="Cornelia Möhring">Möhring</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kornelia_M%C3%B6ller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kornelia Möller (page does not exist)">Möller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niema_Movassat" title="Niema Movassat">Movassat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kersten_Naumann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kersten Naumann (page does not exist)">Naumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nord" title="Thomas Nord">Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Pau" title="Petra Pau">Pau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jens_Petermann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jens Petermann (page does not exist)">Petermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Pitterle" title="Richard Pitterle">Pitterle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Ploetz" title="Yvonne Ploetz">Ploetz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Remmers" title="Ingrid Remmers">Remmers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sch%C3%A4fer_(politician)" title="Paul Schäfer (politician)">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Schlecht" title="Michael Schlecht">Schlecht</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herbert_Schui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herbert Schui (page does not exist)">Schui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilja_Seifert" title="Ilja Seifert">Seifert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kathrin_Senger-Sch%C3%A4fer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kathrin Senger-Schäfer (page does not exist)">Senger-Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raju_Sharma" title="Raju Sharma">Sharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Sitte" title="Petra Sitte">Sitte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabine_St%C3%BCber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabine Stüber (page does not exist)">Stüber</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_S%C3%BC%C3%9Fmair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Süßmair (page does not exist)">Süßmair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Tackmann" title="Kirsten Tackmann">Tackmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Tempel" title="Frank Tempel">Tempel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Troost" title="Axel Troost">Troost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ulrich" title="Alexander Ulrich">Ulrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_van_Aken_(Politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan van Aken (Politician)">van Aken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathrin_Vogler" title="Kathrin Vogler">Vogler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johanna_Vo%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johanna Voß (page does not exist)">Voß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahra_Wagenknecht" title="Sahra Wagenknecht">Wagenknecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halina_Wawzyniak" title="Halina Wawzyniak">Wawzyniak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Weinberg" title="Harald Weinberg">Weinberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_Werner" title="Katrin Werner">Werner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rn_Wunderlich" title="Jörn Wunderlich">Wunderlich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Zimmermann_(politician)" title="Sabine Zimmermann (politician)">Zimmermann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">GRÜNE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Template:17th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:17th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Template talk:17th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:17th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Special:EditPage/Template:17th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_GRUENE139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/32px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/49px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/64px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="272" /></span></span> GRUENE</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Renate_K%C3%BCnast" title="Renate Künast">Renate Künast</a> and <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Trittin" title="Jürgen Trittin">Jürgen Trittin</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Andreae" title="Kerstin Andreae">Andreae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marieluise_Beck" title="Marieluise Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Beck_(politician)" title="Volker Beck (politician)">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Behm" title="Cornelia Behm">Behm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgitt_Bender" title="Birgitt Bender">Bender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bonde" title="Alexander Bonde">Bonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekin_Delig%C3%B6z" title="Ekin Deligöz">Deligöz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_D%C3%B6rner" title="Katja Dörner">Dörner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Ebner" title="Harald Ebner">Ebner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Josef_Fell" title="Hans-Josef Fell">Fell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gambke" title="Thomas Gambke">Gambke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai_Gehring" title="Kai Gehring">Gehring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_G%C3%B6ring-Eckardt" title="Katrin Göring-Eckardt">Göring-Eckardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britta_Ha%C3%9Felmann" title="Britta Haßelmann">Haßelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Herlitzius" title="Bettina Herlitzius">Herlitzius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfried_Hermann" title="Winfried Hermann">Hermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priska_Hinz" title="Priska Hinz">Hinz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrike_H%C3%B6fken-Deipenbrock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrike Höfken-Deipenbrock (page does not exist)">Höfken-Deipenbrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Hofreiter" title="Anton Hofreiter">Hofreiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_H%C3%B6hn" title="Bärbel Höhn">Höhn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingrid_H%C3%B6nlinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingrid Hönlinger (page does not exist)">Hönlinger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thilo_Hoppe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thilo Hoppe (page does not exist)">Hoppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Kekeritz" title="Uwe Kekeritz">Kekeritz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Keul" title="Katja Keul">Keul</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Susanne_Kieckbusch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susanne Kieckbusch (page does not exist)">Kieckbusch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Memet_Kilic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Memet Kilic (page does not exist)">Kilic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sven-Christian_Kindler" title="Sven-Christian Kindler">Kindler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Klein-Schmeink" title="Maria Klein-Schmeink">Klein-Schmeink</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ute_Koczy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ute Koczy (page does not exist)">Koczy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Koenigs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Koenigs (page does not exist)">Koenigs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Kotting-Uhl" title="Sylvia Kotting-Uhl">Kotting-Uhl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Krischer" title="Oliver Krischer">Krischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Krumwiede" title="Agnes Krumwiede">Krumwiede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Kuhn" title="Fritz Kuhn">Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_K%C3%BChn" title="Stephan Kühn">Kühn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renate_K%C3%BCnast" title="Renate Künast">Künast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Undine_Kurth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Undine Kurth (page does not exist)">Kurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Kurth_(politician)" title="Markus Kurth (politician)">Kurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Lazar" title="Monika Lazar">Lazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Lindner" title="Tobias Lindner">Lindner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Maisch" title="Nicole Maisch">Maisch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agnes_Malczak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agnes Malczak (page does not exist)">Malczak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Montag" title="Jerzy Montag">Montag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerstin_M%C3%BCller_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kerstin Müller (politician) (page does not exist)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beate_M%C3%BCller-Gemmeke" title="Beate Müller-Gemmeke">Müller-Gemmeke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Nestle" title="Ingrid Nestle">Nestle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omid_Nouripour" title="Omid Nouripour">Nouripour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ostendorff" title="Friedrich Ostendorff">Ostendorff</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Ott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Ott (page does not exist)">Ott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Paus" title="Lisa Paus">Paus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Pothmer" title="Brigitte Pothmer">Pothmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabea_R%C3%B6%C3%9Fner" title="Tabea Rößner">Rößner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Roth" title="Claudia Roth">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krista_Sager" title="Krista Sager">Sager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Sarrazin" title="Manuel Sarrazin">Sarrazin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Scharfenberg" title="Elisabeth Scharfenberg">Scharfenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Scheel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christine Scheel (page does not exist)">Scheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schick" title="Gerhard Schick">Schick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frithjof_Schmidt" title="Frithjof Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Schneider&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Schneider (page does not exist)">Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Till_Seiler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Till Seiler (page does not exist)">Seiler</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dorothea_Steiner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorothea Steiner (page does not exist)">Steiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Strengmann-Kuhn" title="Wolfgang Strengmann-Kuhn">Strengmann-Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Christian_Str%C3%B6bele" title="Hans-Christian Ströbele">Ströbele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Terpe" title="Harald Terpe">Terpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Tressel" title="Markus Tressel">Tressel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Trittin" title="Jürgen Trittin">Trittin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viola_von_Cramon-Taubadel" title="Viola von Cramon-Taubadel">von Cramon-Taubadel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_von_Notz" title="Konstantin von Notz">von Notz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arfst_Wagner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arfst Wagner (page does not exist)">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Wagner" title="Daniela Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beate_Walter-Rosenheimer" title="Beate Walter-Rosenheimer">Walter-Rosenheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Wieland" title="Wolfgang Wieland">Wieland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Wilms" title="Valerie Wilms">Wilms</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Josef_Philip_Winkler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josef Philip Winkler (page does not exist)">Winkler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">OTHER</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:17th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Template:17th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:17th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Template talk:17th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:17th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Special:EditPage/Template:17th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Independent11" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Independent</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ne%C5%A1kovi%C4%87" title="Wolfgang Nešković">Nešković</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_17th_Bundestag" title="List of members of the 17th Bundestag">List of members of the 17th Bundestag</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_20th_Bundestag_(2021–2025)360" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Members_of_the_20th_Bundestag" title="Template:Members of the 20th Bundestag"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Members_of_the_20th_Bundestag" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Members of the 20th Bundestag"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Members_of_the_20th_Bundestag" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Members of the 20th Bundestag"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_20th_Bundestag_(2021–2025)360" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/20px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/30px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/39px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="348" /></span></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/29px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/57px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_20th_Bundestag" title="List of members of the 20th Bundestag">Members of the 20th Bundestag (2021–2025)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Bundestag" title="President of the Bundestag">President</a> <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_Bas" title="Bärbel Bas">Bärbel Bas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">SPD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Template:20th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:20th_Bundestag_SPD" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:20th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:20th_Bundestag_SPD" title="Special:EditPage/Template:20th Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_SPD140" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/92px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="92" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/141px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/184px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="684" data-file-height="127" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Rolf_M%C3%BCtzenich" title="Rolf Mützenich">Rolf Mützenich</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Other members:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanae_Abdi" title="Sanae Abdi">Abdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adis_Ahmetovic" title="Adis Ahmetovic">Ahmetovic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reem_Alabali-Radovan" title="Reem Alabali-Radovan">Alabali-Radovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Andres" title="Dagmar Andres">Andres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niels_Annen" title="Niels Annen">Annen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Arlt" title="Johannes Arlt">Arlt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heike_Baehrens" title="Heike Baehrens">Baehrens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrike_Bahr" title="Ulrike Bahr">Bahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Baldy" title="Daniel Baldy">Baldy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nezahat_Baradari" title="Nezahat Baradari">Baradari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6ren_Bartol" title="Sören Bartol">Bartol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bartz" title="Alexander Bartz">Bartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_Bas" title="Bärbel Bas">Bas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holger_Becker" title="Holger Becker">Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Berghahn" title="Jürgen Berghahn">Berghahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengt_Bergt" title="Bengt Bergt">Bergt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Blankenburg" title="Jakob Blankenburg">Blankenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leni_Breymaier" title="Leni Breymaier">Breymaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl-Heinz_Brunner" title="Karl-Heinz Brunner">Brunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_Budde" title="Katrin Budde">Budde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Cademartori" title="Isabel Cademartori">Cademartori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Castellucci" title="Lars Castellucci">Castellucci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Daldrup" title="Bernhard Daldrup">Daldrup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakan_Demir_(politician)" title="Hakan Demir (politician)">Demir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_De_Ridder" title="Daniela De Ridder">De Ridder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karamba_Diaby" title="Karamba Diaby">Diaby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Diedenhofen" title="Martin Diedenhofen">Diedenhofen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Dieren" title="Jan Dieren">Dieren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Dilcher" title="Esther Dilcher">Dilcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Dittmar" title="Sabine Dittmar">Dittmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_D%C3%B6ring" title="Felix Döring">Döring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falko_Dro%C3%9Fmann" title="Falko Droßmann">Droßmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Echeverria" title="Axel Echeverria">Echeverria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonja_Eichwede" title="Sonja Eichwede">Eichwede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heike_Engelhardt" title="Heike Engelhardt">Engelhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiebke_Esdar" title="Wiebke Esdar">Esdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saskia_Esken" title="Saskia Esken">Esken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_F%C3%A4scher" title="Ariane Fäscher">Fäscher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Fechner" title="Johannes Fechner">Fechner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Fiedler" title="Sebastian Fiedler">Fiedler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Franke" title="Edgar Franke">Franke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabian_Funke" title="Fabian Funke">Funke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Gava" title="Manuel Gava">Gava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gerdes" title="Michael Gerdes">Gerdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gerster" title="Martin Gerster">Gerster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Gl%C3%B6ckner" title="Angelika Glöckner">Glöckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Griese" title="Kerstin Griese">Griese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Hagedorn" title="Bettina Hagedorn">Hagedorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Hagl-Kehl" title="Rita Hagl-Kehl">Hagl-Kehl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metin_Hakverdi" title="Metin Hakverdi">Hakverdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Hartmann" title="Sebastian Hartmann">Hartmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Heidenblut" title="Dirk Heidenblut">Heidenblut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Heil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frauke_Heiligenstadt" title="Frauke Heiligenstadt">Heiligenstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Heinrich" title="Gabriela Heinrich">Heinrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Hellmich" title="Wolfgang Hellmich">Hellmich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anke_Hennig" title="Anke Hennig">Hennig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadine_Heselhaus" title="Nadine Heselhaus">Heselhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heike_Heubach" title="Heike Heubach">Heubach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hitschler" title="Thomas Hitschler">Hitschler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Hohmann" title="Angela Hohmann">Hohmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasmina_Hostert" title="Jasmina Hostert">Hostert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verena_Hubertz" title="Verena Hubertz">Hubertz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_H%C3%BCmpfer" title="Markus Hümpfer">Hümpfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Junge" title="Frank Junge">Junge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Juratovic" title="Josip Juratovic">Juratovic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Kaczmarek" title="Oliver Kaczmarek">Kaczmarek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Kaiser" title="Elisabeth Kaiser">Kaiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macit_Karaahmeto%C7%A7lu" class="mw-redirect" title="Macit Karaahmetoǧlu">Karaahmetoǧlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Kasper" title="Carlos Kasper">Kasper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Kassautzki" title="Anna Kassautzki">Kassautzki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Katzmarek" title="Gabriele Katzmarek">Katzmarek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franziska_Kersten" title="Franziska Kersten">Kersten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kleebank" title="Helmut Kleebank">Kleebank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristian_Klinck" title="Kristian Klinck">Klinck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Klingbeil" title="Lars Klingbeil">Klingbeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annika_Klose" title="Annika Klose">Klose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Kl%C3%BCssendorf" title="Tim Klüssendorf">Klüssendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_Kofler" title="Bärbel Kofler">Kofler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simona_Ko%C3%9F" title="Simona Koß">Koß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anette_Kramme" title="Anette Kramme">Kramme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunja_Kreiser" title="Dunja Kreiser">Kreiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Kr%C3%B6ber" title="Martin Kröber">Kröber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_K%C3%BChnert" title="Kevin Kühnert">Kühnert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Lahrkamp" title="Sarah Lahrkamp">Lahrkamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Larem" title="Andreas Larem">Larem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Lauterbach" title="Karl Lauterbach">Lauterbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Lehmann" title="Sylvia Lehmann">Lehmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Leiser" title="Kevin Leiser">Leiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luiza_Licina-Bode" title="Luiza Licina-Bode">Licina-Bode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esra_Limbacher" title="Esra Limbacher">Limbacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helge_Lindh" title="Helge Lindh">Lindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Lugk" title="Bettina Lugk">Lugk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lutze" title="Thomas Lutze">Lutze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanja_Machalet" title="Tanja Machalet">Machalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Mackensen-Geis" title="Isabel Mackensen-Geis">Mackensen-Geis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_von_Malottki" title="Erik von Malottki">Malottki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holger_Mann" title="Holger Mann">Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanda_Martens" title="Zanda Martens">Martens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsa_Marvi" title="Parsa Marvi">Marvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franziska_Mascheck" title="Franziska Mascheck">Mascheck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Mast" title="Katja Mast">Mast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Mehltretter" title="Andreas Mehltretter">Mehltretter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takis_Mehmet_Ali" title="Takis Mehmet Ali">Mehmet Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk-Ulrich_Mende" title="Dirk-Ulrich Mende">Mende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Mesarosch" title="Robin Mesarosch">Mesarosch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathrin_Michel" title="Kathrin Michel">Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Miersch" title="Matthias Miersch">Miersch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Mieves" title="Matthias Mieves">Mieves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Mittag" title="Susanne Mittag">Mittag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Moll" title="Claudia Moll">Moll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siemtje_M%C3%B6ller" title="Siemtje Möller">Möller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Bettina Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detlef_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Detlef Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_M%C3%BCller_(politician,_born_1964)" title="Michael Müller (politician, born 1964)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_M%C3%BCntefering" title="Michelle Müntefering">Müntefering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_M%C3%BCtzenich" title="Rolf Mützenich">Mützenich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasha_Nasr" title="Rasha Nasr">Nasr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Nickholz" title="Brian Nickholz">Nickholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietmar_Nietan" title="Dietmar Nietan">Nietan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_N%C3%BCrnberger" title="Jörg Nürnberger">Nürnberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennard_Oehl" title="Lennard Oehl">Oehl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Ortleb" title="Josephine Ortleb">Ortleb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmut_%C3%96zdemir" title="Mahmut Özdemir">Özdemir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aydan_%C3%96zo%C4%9Fuz" title="Aydan Özoğuz">Özoğuz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christos_Pantazis" title="Christos Pantazis">Pantazis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiebke_Papenbrock" title="Wiebke Papenbrock">Papenbrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathias_Papendieck" title="Mathias Papendieck">Papendieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalie_Pawlik" title="Natalie Pawlik">Pawlik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Peick" title="Jens Peick">Peick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Petry" title="Christian Petry">Petry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Plobner" title="Jan Plobner">Plobner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Poschmann" title="Sabine Poschmann">Poschmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achim_Post" title="Achim Post">Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Rabanus" title="Martin Rabanus">Rabanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye-One_Rhie" title="Ye-One Rhie">Rhie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Rimkus" title="Andreas Rimkus">Rimkus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Rinkert" title="Daniel Rinkert">Rinkert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6nke_Rix" title="Sönke Rix">Rix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Rohde" title="Dennis Rohde">Rohde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Roloff" title="Sebastian Roloff">Roloff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Rosemann" title="Martin Rosemann">Rosemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Rosenthal" title="Jessica Rosenthal">Rosenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Roth_(politician)" title="Michael Roth (politician)">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorsten_Rudolph" title="Thorsten Rudolph">Rudolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Rudolph" title="Tina Rudolph">Rudolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadine_Ruf" title="Nadine Ruf">Ruf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_R%C3%BCtzel" title="Bernd Rützel">Rützel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Ryglewski" title="Sarah Ryglewski">Ryglewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Saathoff" title="Johann Saathoff">Saathoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Axel Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingo_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Ingo Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Schamber" title="Rebecca Schamber">Schamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Sch%C3%A4tzl" title="Johannes Schätzl">Schätzl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Scheer" title="Nina Scheer">Scheer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Schieder" title="Marianne Schieder">Schieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udo_Schiefner" title="Udo Schiefner">Schiefner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peggy_Schierenbeck" title="Peggy Schierenbeck">Schierenbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timo_Schisanowski" title="Timo Schisanowski">Schisanowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Schmid" title="Christoph Schmid">Schmid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nils_Schmid" title="Nils Schmid">Schmid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Schmidt" title="Dagmar Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Uwe Schmidt (politician)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Schneider" title="Carsten Schneider">Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Schneider_(politician)" title="Daniel Schneider (politician)">Schneider</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Schraps" title="Johannes Schraps">Schraps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Schreider" title="Christian Schreider">Schreider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Schrodi" title="Michael Schrodi">Schrodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svenja_Schulze" title="Svenja Schulze">Schulze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Schwabe" title="Frank Schwabe">Schwabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Schwartze" title="Stefan Schwartze">Schwartze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Schwarz" title="Andreas Schwarz">Schwarz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Schwarzel%C3%BChr-Sutter" title="Rita Schwarzelühr-Sutter">Schwarzelühr-Sutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lina_Seitzl" title="Lina Seitzl">Seitzl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svenja_Stadler" title="Svenja Stadler">Stadler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martina_Stamm-Fibich" title="Martina Stamm-Fibich">Stamm-Fibich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralf_Stegner" title="Ralf Stegner">Stegner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathias_Stein" title="Mathias Stein">Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadja_Sthamer" title="Nadja Sthamer">Sthamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruppert_St%C3%BCwe" title="Ruppert Stüwe">Stüwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Tausend" title="Claudia Tausend">Tausend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Thews" title="Michael Thews">Thews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_T%C3%B6ns" title="Markus Töns">Töns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Tr%C3%A4ger" title="Carsten Träger">Träger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Troff-Schaffarzyk" title="Anja Troff-Schaffarzyk">Troff-Schaffarzyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derya_T%C3%BCrk-Nachbaur" title="Derya Türk-Nachbaur">Türk-Nachbaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Ullrich" title="Frank Ullrich">Ullrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marja-Liisa_V%C3%B6llers" title="Marja-Liisa Völlers">Völlers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Vontz" title="Emily Vontz">Vontz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_V%C3%B6pel" title="Dirk Vöpel">Vöpel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolin_Wagner" title="Carolin Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maja_Wallstein" title="Maja Wallstein">Wallstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannes_Walter_(politician)" title="Hannes Walter (politician)">Walter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Wegge" title="Carmen Wegge">Wegge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanie_Wegling" title="Melanie Wegling">Wegling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Weingarten" title="Joe Weingarten">Weingarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_Werner" title="Lena Werner">Werner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Westphal" title="Bernd Westphal">Westphal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Wiese_(politician)" title="Dirk Wiese (politician)">Wiese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Wollmann" title="Herbert Wollmann">Wollmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClistan_Y%C3%BCksel" title="Gülistan Yüksel">Yüksel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Zierke" title="Stefan Zierke">Zierke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Zimmermann_(politician)" title="Jens Zimmermann (politician)">Zimmermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armand_Zorn" title="Armand Zorn">Zorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_Zschau" title="Katrin Zschau">Zschau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">CDU/CSU</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Template:20th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:20th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Template talk:20th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:20th_Bundestag_CDU_and_CSU" title="Special:EditPage/Template:20th Bundestag CDU and CSU"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_CDU_and_CSU179" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg/120px-Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg/250px-Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="227" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">CDU</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Social_Union_in_Bavaria" title="Christian Social Union in Bavaria">CSU</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Merz" title="Friedrich Merz">Friedrich Merz</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>CDU:</b> <a href="/wiki/Knut_Abraham" title="Knut Abraham">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Albani" title="Stephan Albani">Albani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Altenkamp" title="Norbert Altenkamp">Altenkamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Amthor" title="Philipp Amthor">Amthor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Aumer" title="Peter Aumer">Aumer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Barei%C3%9F" title="Thomas Bareiß">Bareiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanie_Bernstein" title="Melanie Bernstein">Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Beyer_(politician)" title="Peter Beyer (politician)">Beyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Biadacz" title="Marc Biadacz">Biadacz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Bilger" title="Steffen Bilger">Bilger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_Borchardt" title="Simone Borchardt">Borchardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Brand_(politician)" title="Michael Brand (politician)">Brand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helge_Braun" title="Helge Braun">Braun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvia_Breher" title="Silvia Breher">Breher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heike_Brehmer" title="Heike Brehmer">Brehmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Breilmann" title="Michael Breilmann">Breilmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Brinkhaus" title="Ralph Brinkhaus">Brinkhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Brodesser" title="Carsten Brodesser">Brodesser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Br%C3%B6hr" title="Marlon Bröhr">Bröhr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yannick_Bury" title="Yannick Bury">Bury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gitta_Connemann" title="Gitta Connemann">Connemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Czaja" title="Mario Czaja">Czaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrid_Damerow" title="Astrid Damerow">Damerow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Donth" title="Michael Donth">Donth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_F%C3%A4rber" title="Hermann Färber">Färber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Feiler" title="Uwe Feiler">Feiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enak_Ferlemann" title="Enak Ferlemann">Ferlemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_F%C3%B6hr" title="Alexander Föhr">Föhr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorsten_Frei" title="Thorsten Frei">Frei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingo_G%C3%A4dechens" title="Ingo Gädechens">Gädechens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gebhart" title="Thomas Gebhart">Gebhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabian_Gramling" title="Fabian Gramling">Gramling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Gr%C3%B6he" title="Hermann Gröhe">Gröhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Grosse-Br%C3%B6mer" title="Michael Grosse-Brömer">Grosse-Brömer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Gr%C3%BCbel" title="Markus Grübel">Grübel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Gr%C3%BCtters" title="Monika Grütters">Grütters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Grund" title="Manfred Grund">Grund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Grundmann" title="Oliver Grundmann">Grundmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serap_G%C3%BCler" title="Serap Güler">Güler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_G%C3%BCntzler" title="Fritz Güntzler">Güntzler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olav_Gutting" title="Olav Gutting">Gutting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Haase" title="Christian Haase">Haase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Hardt" title="Jürgen Hardt">Hardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Hauer" title="Matthias Hauer">Hauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Heck" title="Stefan Heck">Heck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechthild_Heil" title="Mechthild Heil">Heil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Heilmann" title="Thomas Heilmann">Heilmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Helfrich_(politician)" title="Mark Helfrich (politician)">Helfrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Henrichmann" title="Marc Henrichmann">Henrichmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansgar_Heveling" title="Ansgar Heveling">Heveling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Hirte" title="Christian Hirte">Hirte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Hoppenstedt" title="Hendrik Hoppenstedt">Hoppenstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franziska_Hoppermann" title="Franziska Hoppermann">Hoppermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_H%C3%BCppe" title="Hubert Hüppe">Hüppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Janssen" title="Anne Janssen">Janssen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jarzombek" title="Thomas Jarzombek">Jarzombek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Jung" title="Andreas Jung">Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Karliczek" title="Anja Karliczek">Karliczek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Kaufmann_(politician)" title="Stefan Kaufmann (politician)">Kaufmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronja_Kemmer" title="Ronja Kemmer">Kemmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderich_Kiesewetter" title="Roderich Kiesewetter">Kiesewetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Kippels" title="Georg Kippels">Kippels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottilie_Klein" title="Ottilie Klein">Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkmar_Klein" title="Volkmar Klein">Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Kl%C3%B6ckner" title="Julia Klöckner">Klöckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Knoerig" title="Axel Knoerig">Knoerig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_K%C3%B6nig" title="Anne König">König</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Koeppen" title="Jens Koeppen">Koeppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_K%C3%B6rber" title="Carsten Körber">Körber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Koob" title="Markus Koob">Koob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunther_Krichbaum" title="Gunther Krichbaum">Krichbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Krings" title="Günter Krings">Krings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilman_Kuban" title="Tilman Kuban">Kuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armin_Laschet" title="Armin Laschet">Laschet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Lehmann_(cyclist)" title="Jens Lehmann (cyclist)">Lehmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Leikert" title="Katja Leikert">Leikert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Linnemann" title="Carsten Linnemann">Linnemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Lips" title="Patricia Lips">Lips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan-Marco_Luczak" title="Jan-Marco Luczak">Luczak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Mack" title="Klaus Mack">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Magwas" title="Yvonne Magwas">Magwas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrid_Mannes" title="Astrid Mannes">Mannes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Mayer-Lay" title="Volker Mayer-Lay">Mayer-Lay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Meister" title="Michael Meister">Meister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Merz" title="Friedrich Merz">Merz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Metzler" title="Jan Metzler">Metzler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathias_Middelberg" title="Mathias Middelberg">Middelberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_M%C3%B6rseburg" title="Maximilian Mörseburg">Mörseburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Monstadt" title="Dietrich Monstadt">Monstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Axel Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_M%C3%BCller" title="Carsten Müller">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Florian Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepp_M%C3%BCller" title="Sepp Müller">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Nacke" title="Stefan Nacke">Nacke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Nicolaisen" title="Petra Nicolaisen">Nicolaisen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfried_Oellers" title="Wilfried Oellers">Oellers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moritz_Oppelt" title="Moritz Oppelt">Oppelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Oster" title="Josef Oster">Oster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henning_Otte" title="Henning Otte">Otte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Pahlmann" title="Ingrid Pahlmann">Pahlmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Plo%C3%9F" title="Christoph Ploß">Ploß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Plum" title="Martin Plum">Plum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rachel" title="Thomas Rachel">Rachel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Radomski" title="Kerstin Radomski">Radomski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henning_Rehbaum" title="Henning Rehbaum">Rehbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Reichel" title="Markus Reichel">Reichel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Rief" title="Josef Rief">Rief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_R%C3%B6ttgen" title="Norbert Röttgen">Röttgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_R%C3%B6wekamp" title="Thomas Röwekamp">Röwekamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Rohwer" title="Lars Rohwer">Rohwer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Rouenhoff" title="Stefan Rouenhoff">Rouenhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_R%C3%BCddel" title="Erwin Rüddel">Rüddel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catarina_dos_Santos_Firnhaber" class="mw-redirect" title="Catarina dos Santos Firnhaber">Firnhaber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiane_Schenderlein" title="Christiane Schenderlein">Schenderlein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jana_Schimke" title="Jana Schimke">Schimke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Schnieder" title="Patrick Schnieder">Schnieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadine_Sch%C3%B6n" title="Nadine Schön">Schön</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Schreiner" title="Felix Schreiner">Schreiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detlef_Seif" title="Detlef Seif">Seif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melis_Sekmen" title="Melis Sekmen">Sekmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Simon" title="Björn Simon">Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tino_Sorge" title="Tino Sorge">Sorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Spahn" title="Jens Spahn">Spahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Stegemann" title="Albert Stegemann">Stegemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Steiniger" title="Johannes Steiniger">Steiniger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_von_Stetten" title="Christian von Stetten">von Stetten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Stier" title="Dieter Stier">Stier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_St%C3%B6cker" title="Diana Stöcker">Stöcker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_Stumpp" title="Christina Stumpp">Stumpp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann-Josef_Tebroke" title="Hermann-Josef Tebroke">Tebroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-J%C3%BCrgen_Thies" title="Hans-Jürgen Thies">Thies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Throm" title="Alexander Throm">Throm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antje_Tillmann" title="Antje Tillmann">Tillmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrid_Timmermann-Fechter" title="Astrid Timmermann-Fechter">Timmermann-Fechter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Uhl" title="Markus Uhl">Uhl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Ullrich_(politician)" title="Volker Ullrich (politician)">Ullrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Vieregge" title="Kerstin Vieregge">Vieregge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Vogt" title="Oliver Vogt">Vogt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_de_Vries" title="Christoph de Vries">Vries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wadephul" title="Johann Wadephul">Wadephul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Wanderwitz" title="Marco Wanderwitz">Wanderwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Warken" title="Nina Warken">Warken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria-Lena_Weiss" title="Maria-Lena Weiss">Weiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Weiss_(politician)" title="Sabine Weiss (politician)">Weiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai_Whittaker" title="Kai Whittaker">Whittaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Widmann-Mauz" title="Annette Widmann-Mauz">Widmann-Mauz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Wiener" title="Klaus Wiener">Wiener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Wiesmann" title="Bettina Wiesmann">Wiesmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus-Peter_Willsch" title="Klaus-Peter Willsch">Willsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Winkelmeier-Becker" title="Elisabeth Winkelmeier-Becker">Winkelmeier-Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mareike_Wulf" title="Mareike Wulf">Wulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ziemiak" title="Paul Ziemiak">Ziemiak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Zippelius" title="Nicolas Zippelius">Zippelius</a></li> <li><b>CSU:</b> <a href="/wiki/Artur_Auernhammer" title="Artur Auernhammer">Auernhammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothee_B%C3%A4r" title="Dorothee Bär">Bär</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Brandl" title="Reinhard Brandl">Brandl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Brehm" title="Sebastian Brehm">Brehm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dobrindt" title="Alexander Dobrindt">Dobrindt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hansj%C3%B6rg_Durz" title="Hansjörg Durz">Durz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Edelh%C3%A4u%C3%9Fer" title="Ralph Edelhäußer">Edelhäußer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Engelhard" title="Alexander Engelhard">Engelhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martina_Englhardt-Kopf" title="Martina Englhardt-Kopf">Englhardt-Kopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Erndl" title="Thomas Erndl">Erndl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Peter_Friedrich" title="Hans-Peter Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Frieser" title="Michael Frieser">Frieser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Geissler" title="Jonas Geissler">Geissler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Hahn" title="Florian Hahn">Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Hierl" title="Susanne Hierl">Hierl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hoffmann_(politician)" title="Alexander Hoffmann (politician)">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Irlstorfer" title="Erich Irlstorfer">Irlstorfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kie%C3%9Fling" title="Michael Kießling">Kießling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Lange_(politician)" title="Ulrich Lange (politician)">Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silke_Launert" title="Silke Launert">Launert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lehrieder" title="Paul Lehrieder">Lehrieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Lenz" title="Andreas Lenz">Lenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Lindholz" title="Andrea Lindholz">Lindholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Loos" title="Bernhard Loos">Loos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Ludwig" title="Daniela Ludwig">Ludwig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Mayer" title="Stephan Mayer">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Stefan Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_O%C3%9Fner" title="Florian Oßner">Oßner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Radwan" title="Alexander Radwan">Radwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alois_Rainer_(politician,_born_1965)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alois Rainer (politician, born 1965)">Rainer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ramsauer" title="Peter Ramsauer">Ramsauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Rupprecht" title="Albert Rupprecht">Rupprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Scheuer" title="Andreas Scheuer">Scheuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Silberhorn" title="Thomas Silberhorn">Silberhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_Staffler" title="Katrin Staffler">Staffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Stefinger" title="Wolfgang Stefinger">Stefinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Stracke" title="Stephan Stracke">Stracke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Straubinger" title="Max Straubinger">Straubinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Weisgerber" title="Anja Weisgerber">Weisgerber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Winkler" title="Tobias Winkler">Winkler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechthilde_Wittmann" title="Mechthilde Wittmann">Wittmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmi_Zeulner" title="Emmi Zeulner">Zeulner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">GRÜNE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Template:20th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:20th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Template talk:20th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:20th_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Special:EditPage/Template:20th Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_GRÜNE140" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/32px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/49px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/64px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="272" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alliance_90/The_Greens" title="Alliance 90/The Greens">GRÜNE</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Roth" title="Claudia Roth">Claudia Roth</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Other members:</b> <a href="/wiki/Luise_Amtsberg" title="Luise Amtsberg">Amtsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Audretsch" title="Andreas Audretsch">Audretsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maik_Au%C3%9Fendorf" title="Maik Außendorf">Außendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Bacherle" title="Tobias Bacherle">Bacherle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Badum" title="Lisa Badum">Badum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_B%C3%A4r" title="Karl Bär">Bär</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annalena_Baerbock" title="Annalena Baerbock">Baerbock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Banaszak" title="Felix Banaszak">Banaszak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canan_Bayram" title="Canan Bayram">Bayram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharina_Beck" title="Katharina Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukas_Benner" title="Lukas Benner">Benner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franziska_Brantner" title="Franziska Brantner">Brantner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnieszka_Brugger" title="Agnieszka Brugger">Brugger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Bsirske" title="Frank Bsirske">Bsirske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Christmann" title="Anna Christmann">Christmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janosch_Dahmen" title="Janosch Dahmen">Dahmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekin_Delig%C3%B6z" title="Ekin Deligöz">Deligöz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Detzer" title="Sandra Detzer">Detzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharina_Dr%C3%B6ge" title="Katharina Dröge">Dröge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_D%C3%BCring" title="Deborah Düring">Düring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Ebner" title="Harald Ebner">Ebner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Eckert" title="Leon Eckert">Eckert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Emmerich" title="Marcel Emmerich">Emmerich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilia_Fester" title="Emilia Fester">Fester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schahina_Gambir" title="Schahina Gambir">Gambir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tessa_Ganserer" title="Tessa Ganserer">Ganserer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Gastel" title="Matthias Gastel">Gastel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai_Gehring" title="Kai Gehring">Gehring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Gelbhaar" title="Stefan Gelbhaar">Gelbhaar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan-Niclas_Gesenhues" title="Jan-Niclas Gesenhues">Gesenhues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_G%C3%B6ring-Eckardt" title="Katrin Göring-Eckardt">Göring-Eckardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armin_Grau" title="Armin Grau">Grau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Gr%C3%BCtzmacher" title="Sabine Grützmacher">Grützmacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erhard_Grundl" title="Erhard Grundl">Grundl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Habeck" title="Robert Habeck">Habeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britta_Ha%C3%9Felmann" title="Britta Haßelmann">Haßelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Heitmann" title="Linda Heitmann">Heitmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathrin_Henneberger" title="Kathrin Henneberger">Henneberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Herrmann" title="Bernhard Herrmann">Herrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_H%C3%B6nel" title="Bruno Hönel">Hönel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Hoffmann_(politician)" title="Bettina Hoffmann (politician)">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Hofreiter" title="Anton Hofreiter">Hofreiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottmar_von_Holtz" title="Ottmar von Holtz">von Holtz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Janecek" title="Dieter Janecek">Janecek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamya_Kaddor" title="Lamya Kaddor">Kaddor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Kappert-Gonther" title="Kirsten Kappert-Gonther">Kappert-Gonther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Kekeritz" title="Uwe Kekeritz">Kekeritz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kellner" title="Michael Kellner">Kellner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Keul" title="Katja Keul">Keul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misbah_Khan" title="Misbah Khan">Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sven-Christian_Kindler" title="Sven-Christian Kindler">Kindler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Klein-Schmeink" title="Maria Klein-Schmeink">Klein-Schmeink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chantal_Kopf" title="Chantal Kopf">Kopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Kr%C3%A4mer" title="Philip Krämer">Krämer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Kraft" title="Laura Kraft">Kraft</a></li> <li><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Johannes Kretschmann">Kretschmann</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Kretz" title="Jürgen Kretz">Kretz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Krischer" title="Oliver Krischer">Krischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franziska_Krumwiede-Steiner" title="Franziska Krumwiede-Steiner">Krumwiede-Steiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renate_K%C3%BCnast" title="Renate Künast">Künast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Kurth_(politician)" title="Markus Kurth (politician)">Kurth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricarda_Lang" title="Ricarda Lang">Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sven_Lehmann" title="Sven Lehmann">Lehmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffi_Lemke" title="Steffi Lemke">Lemke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Liebert" title="Anja Liebert">Liebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helge_Limburg" title="Helge Limburg">Limburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Lindner" title="Tobias Lindner">Lindner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denise_Loop" title="Denise Loop">Loop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Lucks" title="Max Lucks">Lucks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_L%C3%BChrmann" title="Anna Lührmann">Lührmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoe_Mayer" title="Zoe Mayer">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Menge" title="Susanne Menge">Menge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swantje_Michaelsen" title="Swantje Michaelsen">Michaelsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Mihalic" title="Irene Mihalic">Mihalic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Mijatovi%C4%8D" title="Boris Mijatovič">Mijatovič</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Claudia Müller (politician)">C. Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sascha_M%C3%BCller" title="Sascha Müller">S. Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beate_M%C3%BCller-Gemmeke" title="Beate Müller-Gemmeke">Müller-Gemmeke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Nanni" title="Sara Nanni">Nanni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Nestle" title="Ingrid Nestle">Nestle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophelia_Nick" title="Ophelia Nick">Nick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_von_Notz" title="Konstantin von Notz">von Notz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omid_Nouripour" title="Omid Nouripour">Nouripour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cem_%C3%96zdemir" title="Cem Özdemir">Özdemir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karoline_Otte" title="Karoline Otte">Otte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Pahlke" title="Julian Pahlke">Pahlke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Paus" title="Lisa Paus">Paus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Piechotta" title="Paula Piechotta">Piechotta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filiz_Polat" title="Filiz Polat">Polat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Reinalter" title="Anja Reinalter">Reinalter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabea_R%C3%B6%C3%9Fner" title="Tabea Rößner">Rößner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corinna_R%C3%BCffer" title="Corinna Rüffer">Rüffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Sacher" title="Michael Sacher">Sacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kassem_Taher_Saleh" title="Kassem Taher Saleh">Taher Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamila_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Jamila Schäfer">J. Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Sebastian Schäfer">S. Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulle_Schauws" title="Ulle Schauws">Schauws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Stefan Schmidt (politician)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlene_Sch%C3%B6nberger" title="Marlene Schönberger">Schönberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina-Johanne_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Christina-Johanne Schröder">Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kordula_Schulz-Asche" title="Kordula Schulz-Asche">Schulz-Asche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyke_Slawik" title="Nyke Slawik">Slawik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-Monika_Spallek" title="Anne-Monika Spallek">Spallek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merle_Spellerberg" title="Merle Spellerberg">Spellerberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Till_Steffen" title="Till Steffen">Steffen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanna_Steinm%C3%BCller" title="Hanna Steinmüller">Steinmüller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Strengmann-Kuhn" title="Wolfgang Strengmann-Kuhn">Strengmann-Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awet_Tesfaiesus" title="Awet Tesfaiesus">Tesfaiesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Trittin" title="Jürgen Trittin">Trittin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_Uhlig" title="Katrin Uhlig">Uhlig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Verlinden" title="Julia Verlinden">Verlinden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niklas_Wagener" title="Niklas Wagener">N. Wagener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Wagener" title="Robin Wagener">R. Wagener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Wagner_(politician)" title="Johannes Wagner (politician)">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beate_Walter-Rosenheimer" title="Beate Walter-Rosenheimer">Walter-Rosenheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saskia_Weishaupt" title="Saskia Weishaupt">Weishaupt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Wenzel" title="Stefan Wenzel">Wenzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Winklmann" title="Tina Winklmann">Winklmann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">FDP</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Template:20th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:20th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Template talk:20th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:20th_Bundestag_FDP" title="Special:EditPage/Template:20th Bundestag FDP"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_FDP132" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/59px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png" decoding="async" width="59" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/90px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg/117px-Logo_fdp_bundestagsfraktion.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="314" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">FDP</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <a href="/wiki/Christian_D%C3%BCrr" title="Christian Dürr">Christian Dürr</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Other members:</b> <a href="/wiki/Valentin_Abel" title="Valentin Abel">Abel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Adler" title="Katja Adler">Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhanad_Al-Halak" title="Muhanad Al-Halak">Al-Halak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renata_Alt" title="Renata Alt">Alt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Aschenberg-Dugnus" title="Christine Aschenberg-Dugnus">Aschenberg-Dugnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Bartelt" title="Christian Bartelt">Bartelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Bauer" title="Nicole Bauer">Bauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Beeck" title="Jens Beeck">Beeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingo_Bodtke" title="Ingo Bodtke">Bodtke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedhelm_Boginski" title="Friedhelm Boginski">Boginski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Brandenburg" title="Jens Brandenburg">J. Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Brandenburg" title="Mario Brandenburg">M. Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Bubendorfer-Licht" title="Sandra Bubendorfer-Licht">Bubendorfer-Licht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Buschmann" title="Marco Buschmann">Buschmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Busen" title="Karlheinz Busen">Busen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl-Julius_Cronenberg" title="Carl-Julius Cronenberg">Cronenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijan_Djir-Sarai" title="Bijan Djir-Sarai">Djir-Sarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_D%C3%BCrr" title="Christian Dürr">Dürr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Faber" title="Marcus Faber">Faber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_F%C3%B6st" title="Daniel Föst">Föst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Funke-Kaiser" title="Maximilian Funke-Kaiser">Funke-Kaiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gassner-Herz" title="Martin Gassner-Herz">Gassner-Herz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knut_Gerschau" title="Knut Gerschau">Gerschau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nils_Gr%C3%BCnder" title="Nils Gründer">Gründer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hacker" title="Thomas Hacker">Hacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Hartewig" title="Philipp Hartewig">Hartewig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrike_Harzer" title="Ulrike Harzer">Harzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Heidt" title="Peter Heidt">Heidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_Helling-Plahr" title="Katrin Helling-Plahr">Helling-Plahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Herbrand" title="Markus Herbrand">Herbrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torsten_Herbst" title="Torsten Herbst">Herbst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Hessel" title="Katja Hessel">Hessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gero_Clemens_Hocker" title="Gero Clemens Hocker">Hocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_H%C3%B6ferlin" title="Manuel Höferlin">Höferlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Hoffmann_(politician)" title="Christoph Hoffmann (politician)">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Houben" title="Reinhard Houben">Houben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_in_der_Beek" title="Olaf in der Beek">in der Beek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyde_Jensen" title="Gyde Jensen">Jensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann-Veruschka_Jurisch" title="Ann-Veruschka Jurisch">Jurisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karsten_Klein" title="Karsten Klein">Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Kluckert" title="Daniela Kluckert">Kluckert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Kober" title="Pascal Kober">Kober</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukas_K%C3%B6hler" title="Lukas Köhler">Köhler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carina_Konrad" title="Carina Konrad">Konrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kruse_(politician)" title="Michael Kruse (politician)">Kruse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Kubicki" title="Wolfgang Kubicki">Kubicki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Kuhle" title="Konstantin Kuhle">Kuhle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Graf_Lambsdorff" title="Alexander Graf Lambsdorff">Lambsdorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Lechte" title="Ulrich Lechte">Lechte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Lenders" title="Jürgen Lenders">Lenders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorsten_Lieb" title="Thorsten Lieb">Lieb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Lindner" title="Christian Lindner">Lindner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Georg_Link" title="Michael Georg Link">Link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristine_L%C3%BCtke" title="Kristine Lütke">Lütke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Luksic" title="Oliver Luksic">Luksic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Till_Mansmann" title="Till Mansmann">Mansmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anik%C3%B3_Merten" class="mw-redirect" title="Anikó Merten">Merten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Meyer" title="Christoph Meyer">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Mordhorst" title="Maximilian Mordhorst">Mordhorst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Alexander Müller (politician)">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_M%C3%BCller-Rosentritt" title="Frank Müller-Rosentritt">Müller-Rosentritt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Raffelh%C3%BCschen" title="Claudia Raffelhüschen">Raffelhüschen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Redder" title="Volker Redder">Redder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagen_Reinhold" title="Hagen Reinhold">Reinhold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Reuther" title="Bernd Reuther">Reuther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Sauter_(politician)" title="Christian Sauter (politician)">Sauter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sch%C3%A4ffler" title="Frank Schäffler">Schäffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ria_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Ria Schröder">Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Schulz" title="Anja Schulz">Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Seestern-Pauly" title="Matthias Seestern-Pauly">Seestern-Pauly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Seiter" title="Stephan Seiter">Seiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Semet" title="Rainer Semet">Semet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Skudelny" title="Judith Skudelny">Skudelny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Stark-Watzinger" title="Bettina Stark-Watzinger">Stark-Watzinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Stockmeier" title="Konrad Stockmeier">Stockmeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Agnes_Strack-Zimmermann" title="Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann">Strack-Zimmermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Strasser" title="Benjamin Strasser">Strasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Teuteberg" title="Linda Teuteberg">Teuteberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Teutrine" title="Jens Teutrine">Teutrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Theurer" title="Michael Theurer">Theurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Thomae" title="Stephan Thomae">Thomae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nico_Tippelt" title="Nico Tippelt">Tippelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Todtenhausen" title="Manfred Todtenhausen">Todtenhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Toncar" title="Florian Toncar">Toncar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ullmann" title="Andrew Ullmann">Ullmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ullrich" title="Gerald Ullrich">Ullrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Vogel_(politician)" title="Johannes Vogel (politician)">Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Wagner" title="Tim Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Weeser" title="Sandra Weeser">Weeser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Westig" title="Nicole Westig">Westig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharina_Willkomm" title="Katharina Willkomm">Willkomm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">AfD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Bundestag_AfD" title="Template:20th Bundestag AfD"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:20th_Bundestag_AfD" title="Template talk:20th Bundestag AfD"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:20th_Bundestag_AfD" title="Special:EditPage/Template:20th Bundestag AfD"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_AfD107" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg/44px-AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg/66px-AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg/87px-AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1650" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">AfD</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Other members:</b> <a href="/wiki/Carolin_Bachmann" title="Carolin Bachmann">Bachmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_Baum" title="Christina Baum">Baum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Baumann" title="Bernd Baumann">Baumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Beckamp" title="Roger Beckamp">Beckamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Bernhard" title="Marc Bernhard">Bernhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Bleck" title="Andreas Bleck">Blerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Bochmann" title="René Bochmann">Bochmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Boehringer" title="Peter Boehringer">Boehringer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereon_Bollmann" title="Gereon Bollmann">Bollmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Brandes" title="Dirk Brandes">Brandes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Brandner" title="Stephan Brandner">Brandner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Braun" title="Jürgen Braun">Braun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_B%C3%BChl" title="Marcus Bühl">Bühl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petr_Bystron" title="Petr Bystron">Bystron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tino_Chrupalla" title="Tino Chrupalla">Chrupalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Curio" title="Gottfried Curio">Curio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dietz_(politician)" title="Thomas Dietz (politician)">Dietz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ehrhorn" title="Thomas Ehrhorn">Ehrhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Espendiller" title="Michael Espendiller">Espendiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Felser" title="Peter Felser">Felser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietmar_Friedhoff" title="Dietmar Friedhoff">Friedhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6tz_Fr%C3%B6mming" title="Götz Frömming">Frömming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Frohnmaier" title="Markus Frohnmaier">Frohnmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gauland" title="Alexander Gauland">Gauland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Glaser" title="Albrecht Glaser">Glaser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannes_Gnauck" title="Hannes Gnauck">Gnauck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Gottschalk" title="Kay Gottschalk">Gottschalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_Harder-K%C3%BChnel" title="Mariana Harder-Kühnel">Harder-Kühnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochen_Haug" title="Jochen Haug">Haug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Hess_(politician)" title="Martin Hess (politician)">Hess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karsten_Hilse" title="Karsten Hilse">Hilse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_H%C3%B6chst" title="Nicole Höchst">Höchst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leif-Erik_Holm" title="Leif-Erik Holm">Holm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerrit_Huy" title="Gerrit Huy">Huy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabian_Jacobi" title="Fabian Jacobi">Jacobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Janich" title="Steffen Janich">Janich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Jongen" title="Marc Jongen">Jongen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malte_Kaufmann" title="Malte Kaufmann">Ma. Kaufmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kaufmann_(politician)" title="Michael Kaufmann (politician)">Mi. Kaufmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Keuter" title="Stefan Keuter">Keuter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Kleinw%C3%A4chter" title="Norbert Kleinwächter">Kleinwächter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rn_K%C3%B6nig" title="Jörn König">König</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Komning" title="Enrico Komning">Komning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Kotr%C3%A9" title="Steffen Kotré">Kotré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Kraft" title="Rainer Kraft">Kraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Lenk_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbara Lenk (politician)">Lenk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdiger_Lucassen" title="Rüdiger Lucassen">Lucassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Moncsek" title="Mike Moncsek">Moncsek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Moosdorf" title="Matthias Moosdorf">Moosdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_M%C3%BCnz" title="Volker Münz">Münz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_M%C3%BCnzenmaier" title="Sebastian Münzenmaier">Münzenmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Naujok" title="Edgar Naujok">Naujok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Nolte" title="Jan Nolte">Nolte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerold_Otten" title="Gerold Otten">Otten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Peterka" title="Tobias Peterka">Peterka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Pohl" title="Jürgen Pohl">Pohl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Protschka" title="Stephan Protschka">Protschka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Reichardt" title="Martin Reichardt">Reichardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Renner" title="Martin Renner">Renner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Rinck" title="Frank Rinck">Rinck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Rothfu%C3%9F" title="Rainer Rothfuß">Rothfuß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Schattner" title="Bernd Schattner">Schattner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrike_Schielke-Ziesing" title="Ulrike Schielke-Ziesing">Schielke-Ziesing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Eugen Schmidt (politician)">E. Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Wenzel_Schmidt" title="Jan Wenzel Schmidt">J. Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Schiller" title="Manfred Schiller">Schiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Schneider_(politician)" title="Jörg Schneider (politician)">Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Schulz" title="Uwe Schulz">Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Sichert" title="Martin Sichert">Sichert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Springer" title="René Springer">Springer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_St%C3%B6ber" title="Klaus Stöber">Stöber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_von_Storch" title="Beatrix von Storch">von Storch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Weidel" title="Alice Weidel">Weidel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Weyel" title="Harald Weyel">Weyel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Wiehle" title="Wolfgang Wiehle">Wiehle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Wirth" title="Christian Wirth">Wirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Wundrak" title="Joachim Wundrak">Wundrak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay-Uwe_Ziegler" title="Kay-Uwe Ziegler">Ziegler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">LINKE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Bundestag_LINKE" title="Template:20th Bundestag LINKE"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:20th_Bundestag_LINKE" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:20th Bundestag LINKE"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:20th_Bundestag_LINKE" title="Special:EditPage/Template:20th Bundestag LINKE"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_LINKE100" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/52px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/79px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/103px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="51" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Germany)" title="The Left (Germany)">LINKE</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Other members:</b> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kay_Akbulut" title="Gökay Akbulut">Akbulut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietmar_Bartsch" title="Dietmar Bartsch">Bartsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Birkwald" title="Matthias Birkwald">Birkwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_B%C3%BCnger" title="Clara Bünger">Bünger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Cezanne" title="Jörg Cezanne">Cezanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anke_Domscheit-Berg" title="Anke Domscheit-Berg">Domscheit-Berg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Ferschl" title="Susanne Ferschl">Ferschl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Gohlke" title="Nicole Gohlke">Gohlke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_G%C3%B6rke" title="Christian Görke">Görke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ates_G%C3%BCrpinar" title="Ates Gürpinar">Gürpinar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Gysi" title="Gregor Gysi">Gysi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Hahn_(politician)" title="André Hahn (politician)">Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Hennig-Wellsow" title="Susanne Hennig-Wellsow">Hennig-Wellsow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Korte_(politician)" title="Jan Korte (politician)">Korte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ina_Latendorf" title="Ina Latendorf">Latendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caren_Lay" title="Caren Lay">Lay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Lenkert" title="Ralph Lenkert">Lenkert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gesine_L%C3%B6tzsch" title="Gesine Lötzsch">Lötzsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_M%C3%B6hring" title="Cornelia Möhring">Möhring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBaklin_Nasti%C4%87" title="Żaklin Nastić">Nastić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6ren_Pellmann" title="Sören Pellmann">Pellmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Perli" title="Victor Perli">Perlif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Reichinnek" title="Heidi Reichinnek">Reichinnek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martina_Renner" title="Martina Renner">Renner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Riexinger" title="Bernd Riexinger">Riexinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Sitte" title="Petra Sitte">Sitte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathrin_Vogler" title="Kathrin Vogler">Vogler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janine_Wissler" title="Janine Wissler">Wissler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">OTHER</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:20th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Template:20th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:20th_Bundestag_OTHER" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:20th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:20th_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Special:EditPage/Template:20th Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Non-attached12" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Non-attached</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Members:</b> <a href="/wiki/Ali_Al-Dailami" title="Ali Al-Dailami">Al-Dailami</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sahra_Wagenknecht_Alliance" title="Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance">BSW</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joana_Cotar" title="Joana Cotar">Cotar</a> (Ind.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevim_Da%C4%9Fdelen" title="Sevim Dağdelen">Dağdelen</a> (BSW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Ernst" title="Klaus Ernst">Ernst</a> (BSW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrej_Hunko" title="Andrej Hunko">Hunko</a> (BSW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Farle" title="Robert Farle">Farle</a> (Ind.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Helferich" title="Matthias Helferich">Helferich</a> (Ind.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Huber" title="Johannes Huber">Huber</a> (Ind.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Leye" title="Christian Leye">Leye</a> (BSW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amira_Mohamed_Ali" title="Amira Mohamed Ali">Mohamed Ali</a> (BSW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBaklin_Nasti%C4%87" title="Żaklin Nastić">Nastić</a> (BSW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Seitz" title="Thomas Seitz">Seitz</a> (Ind.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Tatti" title="Jessica Tatti">Tatti</a> (BSW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ulrich" title="Alexander Ulrich">Ulrich</a> (BSW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Seidler" title="Stefan Seidler">Seidler</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_Schleswig_Voters%27_Association" title="South Schleswig Voters' Association">SSW</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Spaniel" title="Dirk Spaniel">Spaniel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Values_Union" title="Values Union">WU</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahra_Wagenknecht" title="Sahra Wagenknecht">Wagenknecht</a> (BSW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Wissing" title="Volker Wissing">Wissing</a> (Ind.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Witt" title="Uwe Witt">Witt</a> (<a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCndnis_Deutschland" title="Bündnis Deutschland">BD</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_20th_Bundestag" title="List of members of the 20th Bundestag">List of members of the 20th Bundestag</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_21st_Bundestag_(2025–2029)371" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Members_of_the_21st_Bundestag" title="Template:Members of the 21st Bundestag"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Members_of_the_21st_Bundestag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Members of the 21st Bundestag (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Members_of_the_21st_Bundestag" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Members of the 21st Bundestag"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Members_of_the_21st_Bundestag_(2025–2029)371" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/20px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/30px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg/39px-Deutscher_Bundestag_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="348" /></span></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/29px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/57px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_21st_Bundestag" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 21st Bundestag">Members of the 21st Bundestag</a> (<a href="/wiki/2025_German_federal_election" title="2025 German federal election">2025</a>–<a href="/wiki/Next_German_federal_election" title="Next German federal election">2029</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Bundestag" title="President of the Bundestag">President</a> <i>TBD</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">LINKE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:21st_Bundestag_LINKE" title="Template:21st Bundestag LINKE"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:21st_Bundestag_LINKE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:21st Bundestag LINKE (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:21st_Bundestag_LINKE" title="Special:EditPage/Template:21st Bundestag LINKE"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_LINKE108" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/52px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/79px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg/103px-Die_Linke_BT_Fraktion_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="51" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Germany)" title="The Left (Germany)">LINKE</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <i>TBD</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Achelwilm" title="Doris Achelwilm">Achelwilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kay_Akbulut" title="Gökay Akbulut">Akbulut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_van_Aken_(Politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan van Aken (Politician)">van Aken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Arndt" title="Moses Arndt">Arndt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietmar_Bartsch" title="Dietmar Bartsch">Bartsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Bauer" title="Marcel Bauer">Bauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiree_Becker" title="Desiree Becker">Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenz_G%C3%B6sta_Beutin" title="Lorenz Gösta Beutin">Beutin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violetta_Bock" title="Violetta Bock">Bock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorrit_Bosch" title="Jorrit Bosch">Bosch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janina_B%C3%B6ttger" title="Janina Böttger">Böttger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-Mieke_Bremer" title="Anne-Mieke Bremer">Bremer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maik_Br%C3%BCckner" title="Maik Brückner">Brückner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_B%C3%BCnger" title="Clara Bünger">Bünger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Cezanne" title="Jörg Cezanne">Cezanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Conrad_(German_politician)" title="Agnes Conrad (German politician)">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirze_Edis" title="Mirze Edis">Edis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandy_Ei%C3%9Fing" title="Mandy Eißing">Eißing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabian_Fahl" title="Fabian Fahl">Fahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_Fey" title="Katrin Fey">Fey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Foullong" title="Uwe Foullong">Foullong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathrin_Gebel" title="Kathrin Gebel">Gebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katalin_Gennburg" title="Katalin Gennburg">Gennburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinzenz_Glaser" title="Vinzenz Glaser">Glaser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Gohlke" title="Nicole Gohlke">Gohlke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_G%C3%B6rke" title="Christian Görke">Görke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ates_G%C3%BCrpinar" title="Ates Gürpinar">Gürpinar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Gysi" title="Gregor Gysi">Gysi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mareike_Hermeier" title="Mareike Hermeier">Hermeier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Ho%C3%9F" title="Luke Hoß">Hoß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cem_Ince" title="Cem Ince">Ince</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maren_Kaminski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maren Kaminski (page does not exist)">Kaminski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferat_Ko%C3%A7ak" title="Ferat Koçak">Koçak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cansin_K%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrk" title="Cansin Köktürk">Köktürk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_K%C3%B6stering" title="Jan Köstering">Köstering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ina_Latendorf" title="Ina Latendorf">Latendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caren_Lay" title="Caren Lay">Lay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonja_Lemke" title="Sonja Lemke">Lemke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Mazzi" title="Tamara Mazzi">Mazzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Meiser" title="Pascal Meiser">Meiser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottavia_Merendino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottavia Merendino (page does not exist)">Merendino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahra_Mirow" title="Sahra Mirow">Mirow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charlotte_Antonia_Neuh%C3%A4user&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charlotte Antonia Neuhäuser (page does not exist)">Neuhäuser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cansu_%C3%96zdemir" title="Cansu Özdemir">Özdemir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luigi_Pantisano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luigi Pantisano (page does not exist)">Pantisano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6ren_Pellmann" title="Sören Pellmann">Pellmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodo_Ramelow" title="Bodo Ramelow">Ramelow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Reichinnek" title="Heidi Reichinnek">Reichinnek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lea_Reisner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lea Reisner (page does not exist)">Reisner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zada_Salihovi%C4%87" title="Zada Salihović">Salihović</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Schliesing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Schliesing (page does not exist)">Schliesing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evelyn_Sch%C3%B6tz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evelyn Schötz (page does not exist)">Schötz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ines_Schwerdtner" title="Ines Schwerdtner">Schwerdtner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julia-Christina_Stange&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julia-Christina Stange (page does not exist)">Stange</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Thoden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulrich Thoden (page does not exist)">Thoden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Trabert" title="Gerhard Trabert">Trabert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Valent" title="Aaron Valent">Valent</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isabelle_Vandre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isabelle Vandre (page does not exist)">Vandre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donata_Vogtschmidt" title="Donata Vogtschmidt">Vogtschmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vollath" title="Sarah Vollath">Vollath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sascha_H._Wagner" title="Sascha H. Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christin_Willnat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christin Willnat (page does not exist)">Willnat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janine_Wissler" title="Janine Wissler">Wissler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Zerr_(German_politician)" title="Anne Zerr (German politician)">Zerr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">GRÜNE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:21st_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Template:21st Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:21st_Bundestag_GRUENE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:21st Bundestag GRUENE (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:21st_Bundestag_GRUENE" title="Special:EditPage/Template:21st Bundestag GRUENE"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_GRÜNE131" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/32px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/49px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg/64px-B%C3%BCndnis_90_-_Die_Gr%C3%BCnen_Logo_%28transparent%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="272" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alliance_90/The_Greens" title="Alliance 90/The Greens">GRÜNE</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <i>TBD</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tarek_Al-Wazir" title="Tarek Al-Wazir">Al-Wazir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaa_Alhamwi" title="Alaa Alhamwi">Alhamwi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luise_Amtsberg" title="Luise Amtsberg">Amtsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayse_Asar" title="Ayse Asar">Asar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Audretsch" title="Andreas Audretsch">Audretsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Badum" title="Lisa Badum">Badum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_B%C3%A4r" title="Karl Bär">Bär</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annalena_Baerbock" title="Annalena Baerbock">Baerbock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Banaszak" title="Felix Banaszak">Banaszak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharina_Beck" title="Katharina Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukas_Benner" title="Lukas Benner">Benner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franziska_Brantner" title="Franziska Brantner">Brantner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Bro%C3%9Fart" title="Victoria Broßart">Broßart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnieszka_Brugger" title="Agnieszka Brugger">Brugger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janosch_Dahmen" title="Janosch Dahmen">Dahmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Detzer" title="Sandra Detzer">Detzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Dillschneider" title="Jeanne Dillschneider">Dillschneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharina_Dr%C3%B6ge" title="Katharina Dröge">Dröge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_D%C3%BCring" title="Deborah Düring">Düring</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timon_Dzienus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timon Dzienus (page does not exist)">Dzienus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Ebner" title="Harald Ebner">Ebner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Eckert" title="Leon Eckert">Eckert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Emmerich" title="Marcel Emmerich">Emmerich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_Fischer" title="Simone Fischer">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schahina_Gambir" title="Schahina Gambir">Gambir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Gastel" title="Matthias Gastel">Gastel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan-Niclas_Gesenhues" title="Jan-Niclas Gesenhues">Gesenhues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_G%C3%B6ring-Eckardt" title="Katrin Göring-Eckardt">Göring-Eckardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armin_Grau" title="Armin Grau">Grau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_Gumnior" title="Lena Gumnior">Gumnior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Habeck" title="Robert Habeck">Habeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britta_Ha%C3%9Felmann" title="Britta Haßelmann">Haßelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Heitmann" title="Linda Heitmann">Heitmann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moritz_Heuberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moritz Heuberger (page does not exist)">Heuberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Hofreiter" title="Anton Hofreiter">Hofreiter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julian-B%C3%A9la_Joswig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julian-Béla Joswig (page does not exist)">Joswig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamya_Kaddor" title="Lamya Kaddor">Kaddor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Kappert-Gonther" title="Kirsten Kappert-Gonther">Kappert-Gonther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kellner" title="Michael Kellner">Kellner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misbah_Khan_(politician)" title="Misbah Khan (politician)">Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chantal_Kopf" title="Chantal Kopf">Kopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricarda_Lang" title="Ricarda Lang">Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sven_Lehmann" title="Sven Lehmann">Lehmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffi_Lemke" title="Steffi Lemke">Lemke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Lenhard" title="Rebecca Lenhard">Lenhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helge_Limburg" title="Helge Limburg">Limburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denise_Loop" title="Denise Loop">Loop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Lucks" title="Max Lucks">Lucks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_L%C3%BChrmann" title="Anna Lührmann">Lührmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoe_Mayer" title="Zoe Mayer">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swantje_Michaelsen" title="Swantje Michaelsen">Michaelsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Mihalic" title="Irene Mihalic">Mihalic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Mijatovi%C4%87_(politician)" title="Boris Mijatović (politician)">Mijatović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Claudia Müller (politician)">C. Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sascha_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Sascha Müller (politician)">S. Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Nanni" title="Sara Nanni">Nanni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophelia_Nick" title="Ophelia Nick">Nick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_von_Notz" title="Konstantin von Notz">von Notz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omid_Nouripour" title="Omid Nouripour">Nouripour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karoline_Otte" title="Karoline Otte">Otte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Paus" title="Lisa Paus">Paus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Piechotta" title="Paula Piechotta">Piechotta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filiz_Polat" title="Filiz Polat">Polat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Reinalter" title="Anja Reinalter">Reinalter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Rietenberg" title="Sylvia Rietenberg">Rietenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Roth" title="Claudia Roth">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corinna_R%C3%BCffer" title="Corinna Rüffer">Rüffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kassem_Taher_Saleh" title="Kassem Taher Saleh">Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamila_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Jamila Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Sebastian Schäfer">Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulle_Schauws" title="Ulle Schauws">Schauws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Stefan Schmidt (politician)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Schneider" title="Julia Schneider">Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlene_Sch%C3%B6nberger" title="Marlene Schönberger">Schönberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyke_Slawik" title="Nyke Slawik">Slawik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Till_Steffen" title="Till Steffen">Steffen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Stein" title="Sandra Stein">Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanna_Steinm%C3%BCller" title="Hanna Steinmüller">Steinmüller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awet_Tesfaiesus" title="Awet Tesfaiesus">Tesfaiesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_Uhlig" title="Katrin Uhlig">Uhlig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Verlinden" title="Julia Verlinden">Verlinden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niklas_Wagener" title="Niklas Wagener">N. Wagener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Wagener" title="Robin Wagener">R. Wagener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Wagner_(politician)" title="Johannes Wagner (politician)">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Winklmann" title="Tina Winklmann">Winklmann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">SPD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:21st_Bundestag_SPD" title="Template:21st Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:21st_Bundestag_SPD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:21st Bundestag SPD (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:21st_Bundestag_SPD" title="Special:EditPage/Template:21st Bundestag SPD"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_SPD128" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/92px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="92" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/141px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg/184px-SPD-Bundestagsfraktion_Logo_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="684" data-file-height="127" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <i>TBD</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanae_Abdi" title="Sanae Abdi">Abdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adis_Ahmetovic" title="Adis Ahmetovic">Ahmetovic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reem_Alabali-Radovan" title="Reem Alabali-Radovan">Alabali-Radovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Baldy" title="Daniel Baldy">Baldy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6ren_Bartol" title="Sören Bartol">Bartol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_Bas" title="Bärbel Bas">Bas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Behrens" title="Jens Behrens">Behrens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bettermann" title="Daniel Bettermann">Bettermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Blankenburg" title="Jakob Blankenburg">Blankenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Bollmann" title="Hendrik Bollmann">Bollmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Cademartori" title="Isabel Cademartori">Cademartori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Castellucci" title="Lars Castellucci">Castellucci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Co%C3%9Fe" title="Jürgen Coße">Coße</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakan_Demir_(politician)" title="Hakan Demir (politician)">Demir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Dieren" title="Jan Dieren">Dieren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Dilcher" title="Esther Dilcher">Dilcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Dittmar" title="Sabine Dittmar">Dittmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_D%C3%B6ring" title="Felix Döring">Döring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falko_Dro%C3%9Fmann" title="Falko Droßmann">Droßmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonja_Eichwede" title="Sonja Eichwede">Eichwede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiebke_Esdar" title="Wiebke Esdar">Esdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saskia_Esken" title="Saskia Esken">Esken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Faeser" title="Nancy Faeser">Faeser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Fechner" title="Johannes Fechner">Fechner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Fiedler" title="Sebastian Fiedler">Fiedler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gerster" title="Martin Gerster">Gerster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelika_Gl%C3%B6ckner" title="Angelika Glöckner">Glöckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Griese" title="Kerstin Griese">Griese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Hagedorn" title="Bettina Hagedorn">Hagedorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metin_Hakverdi" title="Metin Hakverdi">Hakverdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Hartmann" title="Sebastian Hartmann">Hartmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubertus_Heil" title="Hubertus Heil">Heil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frauke_Heiligenstadt" title="Frauke Heiligenstadt">Heiligenstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Heinrich" title="Gabriela Heinrich">Heinrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadine_Heselhaus" title="Nadine Heselhaus">Heselhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heike_Heubach" title="Heike Heubach">Heubach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasmina_Hostert" title="Jasmina Hostert">Hostert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verena_Hubertz" title="Verena Hubertz">Hubertz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Junge" title="Frank Junge">Junge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Kaczmarek" title="Oliver Kaczmarek">Kaczmarek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Kaiser" title="Elisabeth Kaiser">Kaiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macit_Karaahmeto%C4%9Flu" title="Macit Karaahmetoğlu">Karaahmetoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franziska_Kersten" title="Franziska Kersten">Kersten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kleebank" title="Helmut Kleebank">Kleebank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Klingbeil" title="Lars Klingbeil">Klingbeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annika_Klose" title="Annika Klose">Klose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Kl%C3%BCssendorf" title="Tim Klüssendorf">Klüssendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4rbel_Kofler" title="Bärbel Kofler">Kofler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anette_Kramme" title="Anette Kramme">Kramme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunja_Kreiser" title="Dunja Kreiser">Kreiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Kr%C3%B6ber" title="Martin Kröber">Kröber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Lauterbach" title="Karl Lauterbach">Lauterbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esra_Limbacher" title="Esra Limbacher">Limbacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helge_Lindh" title="Helge Lindh">Lindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Lugk" title="Bettina Lugk">Lugk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanja_Machalet" title="Tanja Machalet">Machalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Mackensen-Geis" title="Isabel Mackensen-Geis">Mackensen-Geis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holger_Mann" title="Holger Mann">Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsa_Marvi" title="Parsa Marvi">Marvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Mast" title="Katja Mast">Mast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathrin_Michel" title="Kathrin Michel">Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Miersch" title="Matthias Miersch">Miersch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Mieves" title="Matthias Mieves">Mieves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siemtje_M%C3%B6ller" title="Siemtje Möller">Möller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Moll" title="Claudia Moll">Moll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_M%C3%BCtzenich" title="Rolf Mützenich">Mützenich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasha_Nasr" title="Rasha Nasr">Nasr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmut_%C3%96zdemir" title="Mahmut Özdemir">Özdemir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aydan_%C3%96zo%C4%9Fuz" title="Aydan Özoğuz">Özoğuz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Ortleb" title="Josephine Ortleb">Ortleb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christos_Pantazis" title="Christos Pantazis">Pantazis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalie_Pawlik" title="Natalie Pawlik">Pawlik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Peick" title="Jens Peick">Peick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Pistorius" title="Boris Pistorius">Pistorius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Poschmann" title="Sabine Poschmann">Poschmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Rabanus" title="Martin Rabanus">Rabanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truels_Reichardt" title="Truels Reichardt">Reichardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Rinkert" title="Daniel Rinkert">Rinkert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Rohde" title="Dennis Rohde">Rohde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Roloff" title="Sebastian Roloff">Roloff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Rottwilm" title="Philipp Rottwilm">Rottwilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorsten_Rudolph" title="Thorsten Rudolph">Rudolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_R%C3%BCtzel" title="Bernd Rützel">Rützel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Rump" title="Daniela Rump">Rump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Saathoff" title="Johann Saathoff">Saathoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Sch%C3%A4tzl" title="Johannes Schätzl">Schätzl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Scheer" title="Nina Scheer">Scheer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Schmid" title="Christoph Schmid">Schmid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nils_Schmid" title="Nils Schmid">Schmid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_Schmidt" title="Dagmar Schmidt">D. Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Schmidt" title="Uwe Schmidt">U. Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Schneider" title="Carsten Schneider">Schneider</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Schraps" title="Johannes Schraps">Schraps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Schrodi" title="Michael Schrodi">Schrodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svenja_Schulze" title="Svenja Schulze">Schulze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Schwabe" title="Frank Schwabe">Schwabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Schwartze" title="Stefan Schwartze">Schwartze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Schwarz" title="Andreas Schwarz">Schwarz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Schwarzel%C3%BChr-Sutter" title="Rita Schwarzelühr-Sutter">Schwarzelühr-Sutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lina_Seitzl" title="Lina Seitzl">Seitzl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svenja_Stadler" title="Svenja Stadler">Stadler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralf_Stegner" title="Ralf Stegner">Stegner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruppert_St%C3%BCwe" title="Ruppert Stüwe">Stüwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Thews" title="Michael Thews">Thews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_T%C3%B6ns" title="Markus Töns">Töns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Tr%C3%A4ger" title="Carsten Träger">Träger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Troff-Schaffarzyk" title="Anja Troff-Schaffarzyk">Troff-Schaffarzyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derya_T%C3%BCrk-Nachbaur" title="Derya Türk-Nachbaur">Türk-Nachbaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marja-Liisa_V%C3%B6llers" title="Marja-Liisa Völlers">Völlers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_V%C3%B6pel" title="Dirk Vöpel">Vöpel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingo_Vogel" title="Ingo Vogel">Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolin_Wagner" title="Carolin Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maja_Wallstein" title="Maja Wallstein">Wallstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Walter" title="Daniel Walter">Walter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Wegge" title="Carmen Wegge">Wegge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Wiese_(politician)" title="Dirk Wiese (politician)">Wiese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BClistan_Y%C3%BCksel" title="Gülistan Yüksel">Yüksel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Zierke" title="Stefan Zierke">Zierke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armand_Zorn" title="Armand Zorn">Zorn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">CDU/CSU</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:21st_Bundestag_CDU/CSU" title="Template:21st Bundestag CDU/CSU"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:21st_Bundestag_CDU/CSU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:21st Bundestag CDU/CSU (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:21st_Bundestag_CDU/CSU" title="Special:EditPage/Template:21st Bundestag CDU/CSU"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_CDU_and_CSU168" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg/120px-Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg/250px-Cducsu_fraktion_logo_rgb.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="227" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">CDU</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Social_Union_in_Bavaria" title="Christian Social Union in Bavaria">CSU</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <i>TBD</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>CDU:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Knut_Abraham" title="Knut Abraham">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Aeikens" title="Anna Aeikens">Aeikens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Albani" title="Stephan Albani">Albani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Altenkamp" title="Norbert Altenkamp">Altenkamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Amthor" title="Philipp Amthor">Amthor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_Babendererde" title="Cornell Babendererde">Babendererde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Barei%C3%9F" title="Thomas Bareiß">Bareiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sascha_van_Beek" title="Sascha van Beek">van Beek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanie_Bernstein" title="Melanie Bernstein">Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Beyer_(politician)" title="Peter Beyer (politician)">Beyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Biadacz" title="Marc Biadacz">Biadacz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Bilger" title="Steffen Bilger">Bilger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Bilic" title="Florian Bilic">Bilic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leif_Bodin" title="Leif Bodin">Bodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_Borchardt" title="Simone Borchardt">Borchardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Bosbach" title="Caroline Bosbach">Bosbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederik_Bouffier" title="Frederik Bouffier">Bouffier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Brand_(politician)" title="Michael Brand (politician)">Brand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvia_Breher" title="Silvia Breher">Breher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Brinkhaus" title="Ralph Brinkhaus">Brinkhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutz_Brinkmann" title="Lutz Brinkmann">Brinkmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Brodesser" title="Carsten Brodesser">Brodesser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Br%C3%B6hr" title="Marlon Bröhr">Bröhr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedikt_B%C3%BCdenbender" title="Benedikt Büdenbender">Büdenbender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yannick_Bury" title="Yannick Bury">Bury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Carstensen" title="Sandra Carstensen">Carstensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gitta_Connemann" title="Gitta Connemann">Connemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Dahler" title="Wolfgang Dahler">Dahler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Demuth" title="Ellen Demuth">Demuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Donth" title="Michael Donth">Donth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Ebmeyer" title="Joachim Ebmeyer">Ebmeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Andre_Ehm" class="mw-redirect" title="Lars Andre Ehm">Ehm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastian_Alfons_Ernst" class="mw-redirect" title="Bastian Alfons Ernst">Ernst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_F%C3%A4rber" title="Hermann Färber">Färber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Feiler" title="Uwe Feiler">Feiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Frauenprei%C3%9F" title="Christoph Frauenpreiß">Frauenpreiß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorsten_Frei" title="Thorsten Frei">Frei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Gebhard" title="Wilhelm Gebhard">Gebhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gebhart" title="Thomas Gebhart">Gebhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingeborg_Gr%C3%A4%C3%9Fle" title="Ingeborg Gräßle">Gräßle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabian_Gramling" title="Fabian Gramling">Gramling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Grasse" title="Adrian Grasse">Grasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Gregosz" title="David Gregosz">Gregosz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serap_G%C3%BCler" title="Serap Güler">Güler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_G%C3%BCnther" title="Georg Günther">Günther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_G%C3%BCntzler" title="Fritz Güntzler">Güntzler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olav_Gutting" title="Olav Gutting">Gutting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Haase" title="Christian Haase">Haase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Hardt" title="Jürgen Hardt">Hardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Hauer" title="Matthias Hauer">Hauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechthild_Heil" title="Mechthild Heil">Heil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Helfrich_(politician)" title="Mark Helfrich (politician)">Helfrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Henrichmann" title="Marc Henrichmann">Henrichmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Herbstreuth" title="Diana Herbstreuth">Herbstreuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansgar_Heveling" title="Ansgar Heveling">Heveling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Fabian_Hiller" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthias Fabian Hiller">Hiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Hirte" title="Christian Hirte">Hirte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Hoffmann_(German_politician)" title="Philip Hoffmann (German politician)">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Hoppenstedt" title="Hendrik Hoppenstedt">Hoppenstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franziska_Hoppermann" title="Franziska Hoppermann">Hoppermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hose" title="Michael Hose">Hose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Janssen" title="Anne Janssen">Janssen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jarzombek" title="Thomas Jarzombek">Jarzombek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Jordan" title="Alexander Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Jung" title="Andreas Jung">Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Karliczek" title="Anja Karliczek">Karliczek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronja_Kemmer" title="Ronja Kemmer">Kemmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roderich_Kiesewetter" title="Roderich Kiesewetter">Kiesewetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Kippels" title="Georg Kippels">Kippels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottilie_Klein" title="Ottilie Klein">Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Kl%C3%B6ckner" title="Julia Klöckner">Klöckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Knoerig" title="Axel Knoerig">Knoerig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_K%C3%B6lbl" title="Daniel Kölbl">Kölbl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_K%C3%B6nig" title="Anne König">König</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_K%C3%B6rber" title="Carsten Körber">Körber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Koob" title="Markus Koob">Koob</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stefan_Korbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stefan Korbach (page does not exist)">Korbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunther_Krichbaum" title="Gunther Krichbaum">Krichbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukas_Krieger" title="Lukas Krieger">Krieger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Krings" title="Günter Krings">Krings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilman_Kuban" title="Tilman Kuban">Kuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armin_Laschet" title="Armin Laschet">Laschet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Lehmann_(cyclist)" title="Jens Lehmann (cyclist)">Lehmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Linnemann" title="Carsten Linnemann">Linnemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Lips" title="Patricia Lips">Lips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan-Marco_Luczak" title="Jan-Marco Luczak">Luczak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saskia_Ludwig" title="Saskia Ludwig">Ludwig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Mack" title="Klaus Mack">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Mattfeldt" title="Andreas Mattfeldt">Mattfeldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Mayer-Lay" title="Volker Mayer-Lay">Mayer-Lay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Meister" title="Michael Meister">Meister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Merz" title="Friedrich Merz">Merz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Metzler" title="Jan Metzler">Metzler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathias_Middelberg" title="Mathias Middelberg">Middelberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Axel Müller (politician)">A. Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_M%C3%BCller" title="Carsten Müller">C. Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_M%C3%BCller_(politician)" title="Florian Müller (politician)">F. Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepp_M%C3%BCller" title="Sepp Müller">S. Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Nacke" title="Stefan Nacke">Nacke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfried_Oellers" title="Wilfried Oellers">Oellers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Oest" title="Florian Oest">Oest</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_Stefan_Orthey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harald Stefan Orthey (page does not exist)">Orthey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Oster" title="Josef Oster">Oster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henning_Otte" title="Henning Otte">Otte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pauls" title="Thomas Pauls">Pauls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Plo%C3%9F" title="Christoph Ploß">Ploß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Plum" title="Martin Plum">Plum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Reinhold_P%C3%B6psel" class="mw-redirect" title="Oliver Reinhold Pöpsel">Pöpsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan-Wilhelm_Pohlmann" title="Jan-Wilhelm Pohlmann">Pohlmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Preisendanz" title="David Preisendanz">Preisendanz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rachel" title="Thomas Rachel">Rachel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Radomski" title="Kerstin Radomski">Radomski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Reddig" title="Pascal Reddig">Reddig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henning_Rehbaum" title="Henning Rehbaum">Rehbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Reichel" title="Markus Reichel">Reichel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_R%C3%B6ttgen" title="Norbert Röttgen">Röttgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_R%C3%B6wekamp" title="Thomas Röwekamp">Röwekamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Rohwer" title="Lars Rohwer">Rohwer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Rothenberger" title="Johannes Rothenberger">Rothenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Rouenhoff" title="Stefan Rouenhoff">Rouenhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catarina_dos_Santos-Wintz" title="Catarina dos Santos-Wintz">dos Santos-Wintz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl-Philipp_Sassenrath" title="Carl-Philipp Sassenrath">Sassenrath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiane_Schenderlein" title="Christiane Schenderlein">Schenderlein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Schmidt" title="Henri Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Sebastian Schmidt (politician)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Schnieder" title="Patrick Schnieder">Schnieder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Schreiner" title="Felix Schreiner">Schreiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Schulz_(politician)" title="Marvin Schulz (politician)">Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detlef_Seif" title="Detlef Seif">Seif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nora_Seitz" title="Nora Seitz">Seitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Simon" title="Björn Simon">Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tino_Sorge" title="Tino Sorge">Sorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jens_Spahn" title="Jens Spahn">Spahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Stegemann" title="Albert Stegemann">Stegemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Steineke" title="Sebastian Steineke">Steineke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Steiniger" title="Johannes Steiniger">Steiniger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_von_Stetten" title="Christian von Stetten">von Stetten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Stier" title="Dieter Stier">Stier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katja_Strauss-K%C3%B6ster" title="Katja Strauss-Köster">Strauss-Köster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Streeck" title="Hendrik Streeck">Streeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_Stumpp" title="Christina Stumpp">Stumpp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivian_Tauschwitz" title="Vivian Tauschwitz">Tauschwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Theis" title="Roland Theis">Theis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Throm" title="Alexander Throm">Throm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrid_Timmermann-Fechter" title="Astrid Timmermann-Fechter">Timmermann-Fechter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Vieregge" title="Kerstin Vieregge">Vieregge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Vogt" title="Oliver Vogt">Vogt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Volkmann" title="Johannes Volkmann">Volkmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_de_Vries" title="Christoph de Vries">de Vries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wadephul" title="Johann Wadephul">Wadephul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Warken" title="Nina Warken">Warken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria-Lena_Weiss" title="Maria-Lena Weiss">Weiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai_Whittaker" title="Kai Whittaker">Whittaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Wiegelmann" title="Johannes Wiegelmann">Wiegelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Wiener" title="Klaus Wiener">Wiener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus-Peter_Willsch" title="Klaus-Peter Willsch">Willsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Winkel" title="Johannes Winkel">Winkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Winkelmeier-Becker" title="Elisabeth Winkelmeier-Becker">Winkelmeier-Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mareike_Wulf" title="Mareike Wulf">Wulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ziemiak" title="Paul Ziemiak">Ziemiak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Zippelius" title="Nicolas Zippelius">Zippelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanessa-Kim_Zobel" title="Vanessa-Kim Zobel">Zobel</a></li></ul> <p><b>CSU:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Aumer" title="Peter Aumer">Aumer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothee_B%C3%A4r" title="Dorothee Bär">Bär</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Baumgartner" title="Günter Baumgartner">Baumgartner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Brandl" title="Reinhard Brandl">Brandl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dobrindt" title="Alexander Dobrindt">Dobrindt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Dorn" title="Florian Dorn">Dorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BClya_D%C3%BCber" title="Hülya Düber">Düber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hansj%C3%B6rg_Durz" title="Hansjörg Durz">Durz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Edelh%C3%A4u%C3%9Fer" title="Ralph Edelhäußer">Edelhäußer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Engelhard" title="Alexander Engelhard">Engelhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martina_Englhardt-Kopf" title="Martina Englhardt-Kopf">Englhardt-Kopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Erndl" title="Thomas Erndl">Erndl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Frieser" title="Michael Frieser">Frieser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Geissler" title="Jonas Geissler">Geissler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Hahn" title="Florian Hahn">Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heiko_Hain" title="Heiko Hain">Hain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanne_Hierl" title="Susanne Hierl">Hierl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hoffmann_(politician)" title="Alexander Hoffmann (politician)">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kie%C3%9Fling" title="Michael Kießling">Kießling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_K%C3%B6rner" title="Konrad Körner">Körner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Georg_Koller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Georg Koller (page does not exist)">Koller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_Lange_(politician)" title="Ulrich Lange (politician)">Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silke_Launert" title="Silke Launert">Launert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Lenz" title="Andreas Lenz">Lenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Lindholz" title="Andrea Lindholz">Lindholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniela_Ludwig" title="Daniela Ludwig">Ludwig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Mayer" title="Stephan Mayer">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Anton_Moser" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Anton Moser">Moser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_O%C3%9Fner" title="Florian Oßner">Oßner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Pilsinger" title="Stephan Pilsinger">Pilsinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Radwan" title="Alexander Radwan">Radwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alois_Rainer" title="Alois Rainer">Rainer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Rupprecht" title="Albert Rupprecht">Rupprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Silberhorn" title="Thomas Silberhorn">Silberhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katrin_Staffler" title="Katrin Staffler">Staffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Stefinger" title="Wolfgang Stefinger">Stefinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Stracke" title="Stephan Stracke">Stracke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Diogenes_Theiss" class="mw-redirect" title="Hans Diogenes Theiss">Theiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siegfried_Walch" title="Siegfried Walch">Walch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Weisgerber" title="Anja Weisgerber">Weisgerber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Winkler" title="Tobias Winkler">Winkler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechthilde_Wittmann" title="Mechthilde Wittmann">Wittmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmi_Zeulner" title="Emmi Zeulner">Zeulner</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">AfD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:21st_Bundestag_AfD" title="Template:21st Bundestag AfD"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:21st_Bundestag_AfD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:21st Bundestag AfD (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:21st_Bundestag_AfD" title="Special:EditPage/Template:21st Bundestag AfD"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_AfD115" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg/44px-AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg/66px-AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg/87px-AFD_Fraktion_im_Bundestag_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1650" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">AfD</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Speaker:</b> <i>TBD</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Arpaschi" title="Alexander Arpaschi">Arpaschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolin_Bachmann" title="Carolin Bachmann">Bachmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Balten" title="Adam Balten">Balten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_Baum" title="Christina Baum">Baum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Baumann" title="Bernd Baumann">Baumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Becker" title="Carsten Becker">Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Bernhard" title="Marc Bernhard">Bernhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgit_Bessin" title="Birgit Bessin">Bessin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Birghan" title="Christoph Birghan">Birghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Bleck" title="Andreas Bleck">Bleck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Bloch" title="Joachim Bloch">Bloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Blos" title="Michael Blos">Blos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Bochmann" title="René Bochmann">Bochmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Boehringer" title="Peter Boehringer">Boehringer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bohnhof" title="Peter Bohnhof">Bohnhof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereon_Bollmann" title="Gereon Bollmann">Bollmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torben_Braga" title="Torben Braga">Braga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Brandes" title="Dirk Brandes">Brandes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Brandner" title="Stephan Brandner">Brandner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erhard_Brucker" title="Erhard Brucker">Brucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_B%C3%BChl" title="Marcus Bühl">Bühl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tino_Chrupalla" title="Tino Chrupalla">Chrupalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Curio" title="Gottfried Curio">Curio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dietz_(politician)" title="Thomas Dietz (politician)">Dietz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Douglas" title="Christian Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Dr%C3%B6%C3%9Fler" title="Christopher Drößler">Drößler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Ebenberger" title="Tobias Ebenberger">Ebenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Espendiller" title="Michael Espendiller">Espendiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micha_Fehre" title="Micha Fehre">Fehre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Felser" title="Peter Felser">Felser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Hendrik_Feser" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan Hendrik Feser">Feser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fetsch" title="Thomas Fetsch">Fetsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauke_Finger" title="Hauke Finger">Finger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6tz_Fr%C3%B6mming" title="Götz Frömming">Frömming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Frohnmaier" title="Markus Frohnmaier">Frohnmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Galla" title="Rainer Galla">Galla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Gamanov" title="Boris Gamanov">Gamanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gauland" title="Alexander Gauland">Gauland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Gl%C3%A4ser" title="Ronald Gläser">Gläser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannes_Gnauck" title="Hannes Gnauck">Gnauck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-J%C3%BCrgen_Go%C3%9Fner" title="Hans-Jürgen Goßner">Goßner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Gottschalk" title="Kay Gottschalk">Gottschalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Grimm" title="Christoph Grimm">Grimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rudolf_Rainer_Gro%C3%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="Karl Rudolf Rainer Groß">Groß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingo_Jochen_Hahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingo Jochen Hahn">Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Haise" title="Lars Haise">Haise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirco_Hanker" title="Mirco Hanker">Hanker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochen_Haug" title="Jochen Haug">Haug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Helferich" title="Matthias Helferich">Helferich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udo_Hemmelgarn" title="Udo Hemmelgarn">Hemmelgarn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Henze_(politician)" title="Stefan Henze (politician)">Henze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Hess_(politician)" title="Martin Hess (politician)">M. Hess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Claudia_Hess" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicole Claudia Hess">N. Hess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Hilmer" title="Olaf Hilmer">Hilmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karsten_Hilse" title="Karsten Hilse">Hilse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_H%C3%B6chst" title="Nicole Höchst">Höchst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leif-Erik_Holm" title="Leif-Erik Holm">Holm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerrit_Huy" title="Gerrit Huy">Huy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabian_Jacobi" title="Fabian Jacobi">Jacobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Janich" title="Steffen Janich">Janich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_J%C3%BCnger" title="Robin Jünger">Jünger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malte_Kaufmann" title="Malte Kaufmann">Kaufmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kaufmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Kaufmann">Kaufmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martina_Kempf" title="Martina Kempf">Kempf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Keuter" title="Stefan Keuter">Keuter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocco_Kever" title="Rocco Kever">Kever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Kleinschmidt" title="Kurt Kleinschmidt">Kleinschmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Kneller" title="Maximilian Kneller">Kneller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sieghard_Knodel" title="Sieghard Knodel">Knodel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Koch" title="Heinrich Koch">Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_K%C3%B6gel" title="Jürgen Kögel">Kögel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achim_K%C3%B6hler" title="Achim Köhler">Köhler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rn_K%C3%B6nig" title="Jörn König">König</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Komning" title="Enrico Komning">Komning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Korell" title="Thomas Korell">Korell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steffen_Kotr%C3%A9" title="Steffen Kotré">Kotré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Kraft_(politician)" title="Rainer Kraft (politician)">Kraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Eugen_Krah" class="mw-redirect" title="Maximilian Eugen Krah">Krah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Krauthausen" title="Manuel Krauthausen">Krauthausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ladzinski" title="Thomas Ladzinski">Ladzinski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Lamely" title="Pierre Lamely">Lamely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sascha_Lensing" title="Sascha Lensing">Lensing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdiger_Lucassen" title="Rüdiger Lucassen">Lucassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Maack" title="Sebastian Maack">Maack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Martel" title="Johann Martel">Martel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markus_Matzerath" title="Markus Matzerath">Matzerath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Mayer_(politician)" title="Andreas Mayer (politician)">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Meiners" title="Danny Meiners">Meiners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knuth_Meyer-Soltau" title="Knuth Meyer-Soltau">Meyer-Soltau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergej_Minich" title="Sergej Minich">Minich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Mixl" title="Reinhard Mixl">Mixl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_M%C3%B6ller" title="Stefan Möller">Möller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Moosdorf" title="Matthias Moosdorf">Moosdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_M%C3%BCnzenmaier" title="Sebastian Münzenmaier">Münzenmaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Naujok" title="Edgar Naujok">Naujok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_Nieland" title="Iris Nieland">Nieland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Nolte" title="Jan Nolte">Nolte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerold_Otten" title="Gerold Otten">Otten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Paul" title="Andreas Paul">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Pauli" title="Denis Pauli">Pauli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Peterka" title="Tobias Peterka">Peterka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Protschka" title="Stephan Protschka">Protschka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerstin_Przygodda" title="Kerstin Przygodda">Przygodda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Queckemeyer" title="Marcel Queckemeyer">Queckemeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Rathert" title="Anna Rathert">Rathert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arne_Raue" title="Arne Raue">Raue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Reck" title="Christian Reck">Reck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukas_Rehm" title="Lukas Rehm">Rehm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Reichardt" title="Martin Reichardt">Reichardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Renner" title="Martin Renner">Renner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Rentzsch" title="Matthias Rentzsch">Rentzsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Rothfu%C3%9F" title="Rainer Rothfuß">Rothfuß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Rudzka" title="Angela Rudzka">Rudzka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruben_Rupp" title="Ruben Rupp">Rupp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Schattner" title="Bernd Schattner">Schattner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raimond_Scheirich" title="Raimond Scheirich">Scheirich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Scheurell" title="Volker Scheurell">Scheurell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrike_Schielke-Ziesing" title="Ulrike Schielke-Ziesing">Schielke-Ziesing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Schieske" title="Lars Schieske">Schieske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carina_Schie%C3%9Fl" title="Carina Schießl">Schießl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Schiller" title="Manfred Schiller">Schiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Wenzel_Schmidt" title="Jan Wenzel Schmidt">J. W. Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Julian Schmidt (politician)">J. Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Paul Schmidt (politician)">P. Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Schnurrbusch" title="Volker Schnurrbusch">Schnurrbusch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Schr%C3%B6der_(politician)" title="Stefan Schröder (politician)">Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Schroeter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Schroeter (page does not exist)">Schroeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Schuhmann" title="Bernd Schuhmann">Schuhmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Schulz" title="Uwe Schulz">Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dario_Seifert" title="Dario Seifert">Seifert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Sichert" title="Martin Sichert">Sichert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Springer" title="René Springer">Springer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Stephan_(politician)" title="Thomas Stephan (politician)">Stephan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_von_Storch" title="Beatrix von Storch">Storch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto_Strau%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otto Strauß (page does not exist)">Strauß</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Daniel_Teich" class="mw-redirect" title="Tobias Daniel Teich">Teich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Teske" title="Robert Teske">Teske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastian_Treuheit" title="Bastian Treuheit">Treuheit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martina_Uhr" title="Martina Uhr">Uhr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Weidel" title="Alice Weidel">Weidel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathias_Weiser" title="Mathias Weiser">Weiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Weiss" title="Claudia Weiss">Weiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sven_Wendorf" title="Sven Wendorf">Wendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Wiehle" title="Wolfgang Wiehle">Wiehle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Wirth_(politician)" title="Christian Wirth (politician)">Wirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Wolf_(politician)" title="Alexander Wolf (politician)">Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Zaum" title="Christian Zaum">Zaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Zerbin" title="Daniel Zerbin">Zerbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay-Uwe_Ziegler" title="Kay-Uwe Ziegler">Ziegler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Zimmer" title="Diana Zimmer">Zimmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Zirwes" title="Jörg Zirwes">Zirwes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrich_von_Zons" title="Ulrich von Zons">Zons</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:21st_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Template:21st Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:21st_Bundestag_OTHER&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:21st Bundestag OTHER (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:21st_Bundestag_OTHER" title="Special:EditPage/Template:21st Bundestag OTHER"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Other5" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/S%C3%BCdschleswigscher_W%C3%A4hlerverband%2C_Logo.svg/40px-S%C3%BCdschleswigscher_W%C3%A4hlerverband%2C_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/S%C3%BCdschleswigscher_W%C3%A4hlerverband%2C_Logo.svg/60px-S%C3%BCdschleswigscher_W%C3%A4hlerverband%2C_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/S%C3%BCdschleswigscher_W%C3%A4hlerverband%2C_Logo.svg/120px-S%C3%BCdschleswigscher_W%C3%A4hlerverband%2C_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="330" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/South_Schleswig_Voters%27_Association" title="South Schleswig Voters' Association">SSW</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Seidler" title="Stefan Seidler">Seidler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFF; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #f4d552, inset -1px -1px 0 #f4d552;"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_21st_Bundestag" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 21st Bundestag">List of members of the 21st Bundestag</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Party_of_European_Socialists236" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Template:Party of European Socialists"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Template talk:Party of European Socialists"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Party of European Socialists"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Party_of_European_Socialists236" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>European Parliament group: <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/15px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Austria" title="Social Democratic Party of Austria">SPÖ</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="780" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Parti_Socialiste_(Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Parti Socialiste (Belgium)">PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vooruit_(political_party)" title="Vooruit (political party)">V</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/15px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Socialist_Party" title="Bulgarian Socialist Party">BSP/БСП</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Croatia" title="Social Democratic Party of Croatia">SDP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/15px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Social_Democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Movement for Social Democracy">EDEK/ΕΔΕΚ</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democracy_(Czech_Republic)" title="Social Democracy (Czech Republic)">SOCDEM</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/15px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/23px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democrats_(Denmark)" title="Social Democrats (Denmark)">A</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Estonia)" title="Social Democratic Party (Estonia)">SDE</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Finland" title="Social Democratic Party of Finland">SDP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(France)" title="Socialist Party (France)">PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/15px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/30px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/PASOK_%E2%80%93_Movement_for_Change" title="PASOK – Movement for Change">PA.SO.K./ΠΑ.ΣΟ.Κ.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Coalition_(Hungary)" title="Democratic Coalition (Hungary)">DK</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Socialist_Party" title="Hungarian Socialist Party">MSZP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Ireland)" title="Labour Party (Ireland)">Lab</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Italy)" title="Democratic Party (Italy)">PD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Socialist_Party_(2007)" title="Italian Socialist Party (2007)">PSI</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_%22Harmony%22" title="Social Democratic Party "Harmony"">Saskaņa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Lithuania" title="Social Democratic Party of Lithuania">LSDP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/15px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/30px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Socialist_Workers%27_Party" title="Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party">LSAP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/15px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/30px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">PL</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Labour Party (Netherlands)">PvdA</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/New_Left_(Poland)" title="New Left (Poland)">NL</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/15px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Portugal)" title="Socialist Party (Portugal)">PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/15px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)" title="Social Democratic Party (Romania)">PSD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Direction_%E2%80%93_Social_Democracy" title="Direction – Social Democracy">SMER-SD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democrats_(Slovenia)" title="Social Democrats (Slovenia)">SD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/15px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Socialist_Workers%27_Party" title="Spanish Socialist Workers' Party">PSOE</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/15px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Social_Democratic_Party" title="Swedish Social Democratic Party">SAP</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member parties (non-EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/20px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/40px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Norway)" title="Labour Party (Norway)">AP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Lab</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">SDLP</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated parties (EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/15px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Bulgarian_Social_Democrats" title="Party of Bulgarian Social Democrats">PBSD/БСДП</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Voice_-_Social_Democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Voice - Social Democracy">Hlas-SD</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated parties (non-EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/15px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Albania" title="Socialist Party of Albania">PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/15px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Democratic Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">SDP BiH</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland"><img alt="Iceland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Alliance" title="Social Democratic Alliance">S</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo"><img alt="Kosovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/15px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vet%C3%ABvendosje" title="Vetëvendosje">VV</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro"><img alt="Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/15px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/30px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Socialists_of_Montenegro" title="Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro">DPS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Montenegro" title="Social Democratic Party of Montenegro">SDP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/15px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Union_of_Macedonia" title="Social Democratic Union of Macedonia">SDSM/СДСМ</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><img alt="Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Serbia)" title="Democratic Party (Serbia)">DS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><img alt="Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/11px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/17px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Switzerland" title="Social Democratic Party of Switzerland">SP/PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/15px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republican_People%27s_Party" title="Republican People's Party">CHP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peoples%27_Democratic_Party_(Turkey)" title="Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey)">HDP</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observer parties (EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latvian_Social_Democratic_Workers%27_Party" title="Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party">LSDSP</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observer parties (non-EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra"><img alt="Andorra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/15px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/23px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/30px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Andorra)" title="Social Democratic Party (Andorra)">PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Revolutionary_Federation" title="Armenian Revolutionary Federation">ARF</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt"><img alt="Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/15px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/30px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Social_Democratic_Party" title="Egyptian Social Democratic Party">ESDP/الديمقراطي</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/15px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/23px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/30px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/The_Democrats_(Israel)" title="The Democrats (Israel)">Dem</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova"><img alt="Moldova" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/20px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/40px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party of Moldova">PDM</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco"><img alt="Morocco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/15px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/30px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Union_of_Popular_Forces" title="Socialist Union of Popular Forces">USPT</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus"><img alt="Northern Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Turkish_Party" title="Republican Turkish Party">CTP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine"><img alt="Palestine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/20px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah/فتح</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino"><img alt="San Marino" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/15px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/23px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/30px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Party of Socialists and Democrats">PSD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><img alt="Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Freedom_and_Justice" title="Party of Freedom and Justice">SSP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia"><img alt="Tunisia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Forum_for_Labour_and_Liberties" title="Democratic Forum for Labour and Liberties">FDTL</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former observer parties (non-EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Dream" title="Georgian Dream">GD</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Dr%C3%B6scher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Dröscher (page does not exist)">Wilhelm Dröscher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Pontillon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Pontillon (page does not exist)">Robert Pontillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joop_den_Uyl" title="Joop den Uyl">Joop den Uyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADtor_Const%C3%A2ncio" title="Vítor Constâncio">Vítor Constâncio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Spitaels" title="Guy Spitaels">Guy Spitaels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Claes" title="Willy Claes">Willy Claes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Scharping" title="Rudolf Scharping">Rudolf Scharping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Cook" title="Robin Cook">Robin Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poul_Nyrup_Rasmussen" title="Poul Nyrup Rasmussen">Poul Nyrup Rasmussen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Stanishev" title="Sergey Stanishev">Sergey Stanishev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_L%C3%B6fven" title="Stefan Löfven">Stefan Löfven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders in the <br /> European Parliament</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Mollet" title="Guy Mollet">Guy Mollet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hendrik_Fayat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hendrik Fayat (page does not exist)">Hendrik Fayat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Lapie_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Lapie (politician) (page does not exist)">Pierre Lapie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willi_Birkelbach" title="Willi Birkelbach">Willi Birkelbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A4te_Strobel" title="Käte Strobel">Käte Strobel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Vals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis Vals (page does not exist)">Francis Vals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Sp%C3%A9nale" title="Georges Spénale">Georges Spénale</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Sp%C3%A9nale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig Spénale (page does not exist)">Ludwig Spénale</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernest_Glinne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernest Glinne (page does not exist)">Ernest Glinne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudi_Arndt" title="Rudi Arndt">Rudi Arndt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Cot" title="Jean-Pierre Cot">Jean-Pierre Cot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Green" title="Pauline Green">Pauline Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Bar%C3%B3n" title="Enrique Barón">Enrique Barón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Schulz" title="Martin Schulz">Martin Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannes_Swoboda" title="Hannes Swoboda">Hannes Swoboda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianni_Pittella" title="Gianni Pittella">Gianni Pittella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udo_Bullmann" title="Udo Bullmann">Udo Bullmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iratxe_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Iratxe García">Iratxe García</a></li></ul> <hr /> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">European Commissioners (2024–2029)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Micallef" title="Glenn Micallef">Glenn Micallef</a> (Intergenerational Fairness, Youth, Culture, and Sport)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_J%C3%B8rgensen" title="Dan Jørgensen">Dan Jørgensen</a> (Energy and Housing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxana_M%C3%AEnzatu" title="Roxana Mînzatu">Roxana Mînzatu</a> (Executive VP for Skills, Education and Culture, Quality Jobs, and Social Rights)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresa_Ribera" title="Teresa Ribera">Teresa Ribera</a> (Executive VP for Clean, Just and Competitive Transition)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maro%C5%A1_%C5%A0ef%C4%8Dovi%C4%8D" title="Maroš Šefčovič">Maroš Šefčovič</a> (Trade and Economic Security, Interinstitutional Relations, and Transparency)</li> <li><b>see <a href="/wiki/Von_der_Leyen_Commission_II" title="Von der Leyen Commission II">Von der Leyen Commission II</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heads of government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Olaf Scholz</a> (Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mette_Frederiksen" title="Mette Frederiksen">Mette Frederiksen</a> (Denmark)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Abela" title="Robert Abela">Robert Abela</a> (Malta)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Pedro Sánchez">Pedro Sánchez</a> (Spain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a> (United Kingdom)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heads of state</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a> (Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Vella" title="George Vella">George Vella</a> (Malta)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_D._Higgins" title="Michael D. Higgins">Michael D. Higgins</a> (Ireland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoran_Milanovi%C4%87" title="Zoran Milanović">Zoran Milanović</a> (Croatia)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61053#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1804" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61053#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1804" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61053#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000072659681">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/100435581">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJh8TKddPPX3JykX9JRdwC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/139130810">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2009182738">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Scholz, Olaf"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jo20251250237&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000315015&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810544690905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007314715805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA16735505?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/139130810.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/139130810">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/22730862X">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/21px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/32px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/42px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Germany" title="Portal:Germany">Germany</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/20px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/40px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yellow_flag_waving.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/18px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/27px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/35px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Liberalism" title="Portal:Liberalism">Liberalism</a></li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header"><b>Olaf Scholz</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects" style="white-space:nowrap;">sister projects</span></a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" class="extiw" title="c:Olaf Scholz">Media</a></b> from Commons</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/21px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/32px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/42px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Olaf_Scholz" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Olaf Scholz">News</a></b> from Wikinews</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/16px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/24px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/32px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" class="extiw" title="q:Olaf Scholz">Quotations</a></b> from Wikiquote</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/21px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/42px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61053" class="extiw" title="d:Q61053">Data</a></b> from Wikidata</span></li></ul></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&oldid=1281779397">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&oldid=1281779397</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany_politicians" title="Category:Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians">Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Olaf_Scholz" title="Category:Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1958_births" title="Category:1958 births">1958 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politicians_from_Osnabr%C3%BCck" title="Category:Politicians from Osnabrück">Politicians from Osnabrück</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Wandsbek" title="Category:People from Wandsbek">People from Wandsbek</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Finance_ministers_of_Germany" title="Category:Finance ministers of Germany">Finance ministers of Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mayors_of_Hamburg" title="Category:Mayors of Hamburg">Mayors of Hamburg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vice-chancellors_of_Germany" title="Category:Vice-chancellors of Germany">Vice-chancellors of Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Senators_of_Hamburg" title="Category:Senators of Hamburg">Senators of Hamburg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Social_affairs_ministers_of_Germany" title="Category:Social affairs ministers of Germany">Social affairs ministers of Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Government_ministers_of_Germany" title="Category:Government ministers of Germany">Government ministers of Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ministers_of_labor_of_Germany" title="Category:Ministers of labor of Germany">Ministers of labor of Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Leaders_of_political_parties_in_Germany" title="Category:Leaders of political parties in Germany">Leaders of political parties in Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_Lutherans" title="Category:Former Lutherans">Former Lutherans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Bundestag_1998%E2%80%932002" title="Category:Members of the Bundestag 1998–2002">Members of the Bundestag 1998–2002</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Bundestag_2002%E2%80%932005" title="Category:Members of the Bundestag 2002–2005">Members of the Bundestag 2002–2005</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Bundestag_2005%E2%80%932009" title="Category:Members of the Bundestag 2005–2009">Members of the Bundestag 2005–2009</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Bundestag_2009%E2%80%932013" title="Category:Members of the Bundestag 2009–2013">Members of the Bundestag 2009–2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Bundestag_2021%E2%80%932025" title="Category:Members of the Bundestag 2021–2025">Members of the Bundestag 2021–2025</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Bundestag_for_Hamburg" title="Category:Members of the Bundestag for Hamburg">Members of the Bundestag for Hamburg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Bundestag_for_the_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Category:Members of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party of Germany">Members of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party of Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_Hamburg_alumni" title="Category:University of Hamburg alumni">University of Hamburg alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_German_politicians" title="Category:20th-century German politicians">20th-century German politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_chancellors_of_Germany" title="Category:21st-century chancellors of Germany">21st-century chancellors of Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Bundestag_2025%E2%80%932029" title="Category:Members of the Bundestag 2025–2029">Members of the Bundestag 2025–2029</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Phonos extension">Pages using the Phonos extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_non-numeric_formatnum_arguments" title="Category:Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments">Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_archiveis_links" title="Category:Webarchive template archiveis links">Webarchive template archiveis links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_January_2025" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from January 2025">Articles with dead external links from January 2025</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_October_2022" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from October 2022">Articles with dead external links from October 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_March_2025" title="Category:Use dmy dates from March 2025">Use dmy dates from March 2025</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Oxford_spelling_from_January_2025" title="Category:Use Oxford spelling from January 2025">Use Oxford spelling from January 2025</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2025" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2025">Articles with unsourced statements from March 2025</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_German_IPA" title="Category:Pages with German IPA">Pages with German IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_including_recorded_pronunciations" title="Category:Pages including recorded pronunciations">Pages including recorded pronunciations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_June_2023" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2023">Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_June_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from June 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_incomplete_citations" title="Category:All articles with incomplete citations">All articles with incomplete citations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_incomplete_citations_from_January_2025" title="Category:Articles with incomplete citations from January 2025">Articles with incomplete citations from January 2025</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_appearing_on_C-SPAN" title="Category:People appearing on C-SPAN">People appearing on C-SPAN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 March 2025, at 12:50<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olaf_Scholz&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Olaf Scholz</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>107 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.eqiad.main-75687f9f4b-8m7tt","wgBackendResponseTime":717,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"6.505","walltime":"7.761","ppvisitednodes":{"value":54382,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1690056,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":116413,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":24,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":28,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1229356,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 5720.471 1 -total"," 30.96% 1771.298 2 Template:Reflist"," 26.50% 1515.890 3 Template:Infobox_officeholder"," 17.10% 978.148 51 Template:Infobox_officeholder/office"," 16.26% 930.047 135 Template:Cite_news"," 10.34% 591.554 92 Template:Cite_web"," 10.21% 584.102 1 Template:Party_of_European_Socialists"," 3.82% 218.798 1 Template:IPA"," 3.17% 181.548 51 Template:Main_other"," 2.74% 156.577 1 Template:Social_democracy_sidebar"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"3.409","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":31505343,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n\"\"\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","900","22.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","420","10.6"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::expandTemplate","340","8.6"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","300","7.6"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","200","5.1"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","160","4.0"],["(for generator)","120","3.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getAllExpandedArguments","120","3.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","100","2.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","100","2.5"],["[others]","1200","30.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-75687f9f4b-mjgxz","timestamp":"20250322151124","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Olaf Scholz","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Olaf_Scholz","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q61053","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q61053","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-11-13T17:35:04Z","dateModified":"2025-03-22T12:50:52Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c9\/Olaf_Scholz_and_Gustavo_Petro_in_New_York_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg","headline":"German politician (SPD) and 9th Federal Chancellor of Germany (since 2021)"}</script> </body> </html>