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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Darpana+Academy+of+Performing+Arts%22">"Darpana Academy of Performing Arts"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Darpana+Academy+of+Performing+Arts%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Darpana+Academy+of+Performing+Arts%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Darpana+Academy+of+Performing+Arts%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Darpana+Academy+of+Performing+Arts%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Darpana+Academy+of+Performing+Arts%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Darpana Academy of Performing Arts</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">1949</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mrinalini_Sarabhai" title="Mrinalini Sarabhai">Mrinalini Sarabhai</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Vikram_Sarabhai" title="Vikram Sarabhai">Vikram Sarabhai</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Purpose</th><td class="infobox-data">Dance school for <a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_dance" title="Indian classical dance">Indian classical dance</a>, theatre, puppetry</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Usmanpura, <a href="/wiki/Ahmedabad" title="Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a>- 380013, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, India.</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Darpana_Academy_of_Performing_Arts&params=23_02_51_N_72_34_22_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">23°02′51″N</span> <span class="longitude">72°34′22″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">23.04750°N 72.57278°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">23.04750; 72.57278</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Director</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mallika_Sarabhai" title="Mallika Sarabhai">Mallika Sarabhai</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://darpana.com">darpana<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Darpana Academy of Performing Arts</b> is a school for <a href="/wiki/Performing_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Performing art">performing arts</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ahmedabad" title="Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a>, Gujarat, established by <a href="/wiki/Mrinalini_Sarabhai" title="Mrinalini Sarabhai">Mrinalini Sarabhai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vikram_Sarabhai" title="Vikram Sarabhai">Vikram Sarabhai</a> in 1949,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it has been directed by their daughter <a href="/wiki/Mallika_Sarabhai" title="Mallika Sarabhai">Mallika Sarabhai</a> for the last three decades.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school organises a three-day Interart, the "Vikram Sarabhai International Arts Festival" at Ahmedabad, every year.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It celebrated its golden jubilee on 28 December 1998, with the announcement of the annual "Mrinalini Sarabhai Award for Classical Excellence", in the field of classical dance.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naming">Naming</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darpana_Academy_of_Performing_Arts&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Naming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While <i>"darpana"</i> is the <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> word for "mirror",<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the use here also references the <i>"Abhinaya Darpana"</i>, "The Mirror of Gestures", <a href="/wiki/Nandikeshvara" title="Nandikeshvara">Nandikeshvara</a>'s ancient text upon Indian stage-craft and dance.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darpana_Academy_of_Performing_Arts&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vikrambhai_and_amma_.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Vikrambhai_and_amma_.jpg/220px-Vikrambhai_and_amma_.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Vikrambhai_and_amma_.jpg/330px-Vikrambhai_and_amma_.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Vikrambhai_and_amma_.jpg/440px-Vikrambhai_and_amma_.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1222" data-file-height="837" /></a><figcaption>Founder of Darpana Academy Dr. Vikram Sarabhai and Mrinalini Sarabhai</figcaption></figure> <p>The Darpana Academy of Performing Arts was founded in Ahmedabad, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> by <a href="/wiki/Vikram_Sarabhai" title="Vikram Sarabhai">Vikram Sarabhai</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Mrinalini_Sarabhai" title="Mrinalini Sarabhai">Mrinalini Sarabhai</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MunsiBurridge2012_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MunsiBurridge2012-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The work in using arts foe social change began at Darpana in the 1960s. Darpana’s puppeteers started working with the central ministry of rural development in teaching village women the use of smokeless stove. The theatre department then run by <a href="/wiki/Kailash_Pandya" title="Kailash Pandya">Kailash Pandya</a> created a play called Ma to rally people to the war effort. <a href="/wiki/Mrinalini_Sarabhai" title="Mrinalini Sarabhai">Mrinalini Sarabhai</a>, in a radical departure from the spiritual core of the classical <a href="/wiki/Bharat_Natyam" class="mw-redirect" title="Bharat Natyam">Bharat Natyam</a> used the style to talk of the horror of dowry violence. Over the years two departments were established to focus the work of using the arts for change. Darpana for Development in 1980, today run by actor activist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jignesh_Patel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jignesh Patel (page does not exist)">Jignesh Patel</a>, and Darpana Communication in 2001 run by film maker Yadavan Chandran. In addition, in 2009 CRANTI (Citizens Resource and Action Initiative) was formed to give practical guidance to citizen to use the laws and tools available to them to fight their own battles, and to train people in the use of the Right To Information Act to solve daily problems of access and justice, run by Bharatsinh Jhala. During the last three decades, these departments have worked on over 51 projects all over India, reaching out to over 12.5 million people. The work has been in areas ranging from <a href="/wiki/Public_health" title="Public health">public health</a>, <a href="/wiki/Women%E2%80%99s_empowerment" class="mw-redirect" title="Women’s empowerment">women’s empowerment</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gender_issues_and_education_to_the_environment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gender issues and education to the environment (page does not exist)">gender issues and education to the environment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Communal_harmony&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Communal harmony (page does not exist)">communal harmony</a>, <a href="/wiki/Good_governance" title="Good governance">good governance</a>, citizen’s participation in democracy, race, <a href="/wiki/Gender_and_disability" title="Gender and disability">gender and disability</a>. Through the use of television and film, theatrical and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Street_performances&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Street performances (page does not exist)">street performances</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quizzes" class="mw-redirect" title="Quizzes">quizzes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Debates" class="mw-redirect" title="Debates">debates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puppets" class="mw-redirect" title="Puppets">puppets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Board_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Board games">board games</a>. They have been able to effectively talk about a range of sensitive issues from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Women_and_violence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Women and violence (page does not exist)">women and violence</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Religious_intolerance" title="Religious intolerance">religious intolerance</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Natural_environment" title="Natural environment">environment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption">corruption</a> and <a href="/wiki/Justice" title="Justice">justice</a>. </p><p>The academy received <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> sponsorship to offer Artist Residency programs in 1999-2000 and 2005–2007.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The academy was also listed by UNESCO an institution active in the "Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage", and thereby invited to attend the subsequent Intergovernmental Committee meetings.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1962, <a href="/wiki/Achyut_Kanvinde" title="Achyut Kanvinde">Achyut Kanvinde</a> was commissioned by Sarabhai to design the building of the academy.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activities">Activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darpana_Academy_of_Performing_Arts&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Darpana_Academy_.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Darpana_Academy_.jpg/220px-Darpana_Academy_.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Darpana_Academy_.jpg/330px-Darpana_Academy_.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Darpana_Academy_.jpg/440px-Darpana_Academy_.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="1362" /></a><figcaption>dance academy</figcaption></figure> <p>The academy offers courses in Indian classical dance <a href="/wiki/Bharatanatyam" title="Bharatanatyam">Bharatanatyam</a>, Indian Classical Vocal, <a href="/wiki/Mridangam" title="Mridangam">Mridangam</a>, Violin and Flute, puppetry and martial art <a href="/wiki/Kalaripayattu" title="Kalaripayattu">Kalaripayattu</a>. Its departments range from performance and teaching of the arts, to the use of performance and arts as development communication, through face-to-face impact and software production. </p><p>The Drama Section, under acting duo <a href="/wiki/Kailash_Pandya" title="Kailash Pandya">Kailash Pandya</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Damini_Mehta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Damini Mehta (page does not exist)">Damini Mehta</a>, is responsible for more than 100 productions of a wide variety. </p><p>Darpana attracted young writers and staged their first scripts, making them an integral part of production efforts. Some of the names can be mentioned as <a href="/wiki/Madhu_Rye" title="Madhu Rye">Madhu Rye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Labhshankar_Thakar" title="Labhshankar Thakar">Labhshankar Thakar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shrikant_Shah" title="Shrikant Shah">Shrikant Shah</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Subhash_Shah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subhash Shah (page does not exist)">Subhash Shah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinu_Modi" title="Chinu Modi">Chinu Modi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hasmukh_Baradi" title="Hasmukh Baradi">Hasmukh Baradi</a>. It also conducted theatre-training courses for over two decades. </p><p>Its research wing, Janvak, published monographs like Goverdhan Panchal's on <a href="/wiki/Bhavai" title="Bhavai">Bhavai</a>. Darpana has also built an experimental thrust auditorium, Natrani, reminiscent of Greek amphitheatres, on the banks of the river Sabarmati. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_Kathakali_artists_and_musicians_who_worked_in_Darpana_since_1949">List of Kathakali artists and musicians who worked in Darpana since 1949</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darpana_Academy_of_Performing_Arts&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: List of Kathakali artists and musicians who worked in Darpana since 1949"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Guru <a href="/wiki/Vazhenkada_Kunchu_Nair" title="Vazhenkada Kunchu Nair">Vazhenkada Kunchu Nair</a>,</li> <li>Kavungal Shankarankutty Panicker,</li> <li>Guru Kottakkal Gopi Nair,</li> <li>Kottakkal Appu Nair,</li> <li>V.P. Ramakrishnan,</li> <li>Chandramana Govindan Namboodiri,</li> <li>Mankombu Sivashankara Pillai,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Govindan Kutty,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Murali,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Gopinath,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavungal_Chathunni_Panicker" title="Kavungal Chathunni Panicker">Kavungal Chathunni Panicker</a>,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Ravindra Warrior,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Madhavan,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Bhaskara Menon,</li> <li>Thakazhi Kuttan Pillai,</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalamandalam_Unnikrishna_Kurup&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalamandalam Unnikrishna Kurup (page does not exist)">Kalamandalam Unnikrishna Kurup</a>,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Subrahmanian,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Sukumaran,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamandalam_Haridas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalamandalam Haridas">Kalamandalam Haridas</a>,</li> <li>Kottakkal Narayanan Namboodiri,</li> <li>Kavungal Gopala Panicker,</li> <li>Kavungal Krishna Panicker,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Narayanan,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Ananda Narayanan,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Sasi Poduval,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Balaraman,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Anandan,</li> <li>Thichur Vasu Variar,</li> <li>V.P. Shankara Narayanan,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Shivaraman Nair,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamandalam_Devaki" title="Kalamandalam Devaki">Kalamandalam Devaki</a>,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Sitalakshmi,</li> <li>Painkulam Narayana Chakkyar,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Hariharan,</li> <li>Kalamandalam Kalyanikutti Amma,</li> <li>Kottakkal Sasidharan Nair<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darpana_Academy_of_Performing_Arts&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEpskampKees_Epskamp2006" class="citation book cs1">Epskamp, C. 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Zed Books. p. 52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84277-733-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-84277-733-5"><bdi>1-84277-733-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theatre+for+development%3A+an+introduction+to+context%2C+applications+and+training&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=Zed+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-84277-733-5&rft.aulast=Epskamp&rft.aufirst=C.+P.&rft.au=Kees+Epskamp&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEp3eux75oGkC%26q%3D%2522Darpana%2BAcademy%2Bof%2BPerforming%2BArts%2522%2B-inpublisher%253Aicon%26pg%3DPA52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADarpana+Academy+of+Performing+Arts" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMitter2015" class="citation web cs1">Mitter, Suprita (28 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mid-day.com/articles/a-movement-called-dance/16491194">"A movement called dance"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mid-Day" title="Mid-Day">Mid-Day</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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