EV batteries: manufacturers underestimate lifetime by 38%

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has-post-thumbnail hentry category-energy category-energise category-news category-technology tag-batteries tag-electric-vehicles tag-lithium-ion-batteries"> <header class="rows rows-gap"> <h1 class="entry-title row">EV battery lifetime is longer in the real world, not the lab</h1> <div class="row primary-image has-featured-image " data-featured-image="1200-16-GettyImages-1771118509.jpg"> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content cols-6 md-cols-1 cols-gap-1 margin-top-1"> <div class="content-left-sidebar cols-1 col"> <section class="contributors md-cols-1 rows-gap"> <div class="row post-date"> <span class="published-date">December 9, 2024</span> </div> <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/contributor/ellen-phiddian/" class="author row md-hide"> <img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCA0NTAgNDM2IiB3aWR0aD0iNDUwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjQzNiIgZGF0YS11PSIlMkZ3cC1jb250ZW50JTJGdXBsb2FkcyUyRjIwMjElMkYwMiUyRkVsbGVuLXNtYWxsLmpwZyIgZGF0YS13PSI0NTAiIGRhdGEtaD0iNDM2IiBkYXRhLWJpcD0iIj48L3N2Zz4=" data-spai="1" alt="Ellen Phiddian" width="200" /><noscript data-spai="1"><img src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Ellen-small.jpg" data-spai-egr="1" alt="Ellen Phiddian" width="200" /></noscript> <div class="bio"> <h3>Ellen Phiddian</h3> <p>Cosmos science journalist</p> </div> </a> <div id="author-name" class="hide"> <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/contributor/ellen-phiddian/" class="bio"> By Ellen Phiddian </a> </div> <div class="favourite__wrapper row cols"> <button class="showDialog simplefavorite-button" aria-label="Favourite button"> </button> </div> </section> </div> <div class="primary-content cols-1 col-span-5 col"> <div class="flexible-content "> <div class="copy"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1200" height="675" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxMjAwIDY3NSIgd2lkdGg9IjEyMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iNjc1IiBkYXRhLXU9IiUyRndwLWNvbnRlbnQlMkZ1cGxvYWRzJTJGMjAyMyUyRjA3JTJGMTIwMC0xNi1HZXR0eUltYWdlcy0xNzcxMTE4NTA5LmpwZyIgZGF0YS13PSIxMjAwIiBkYXRhLWg9IjY3NSIgZGF0YS1iaXA9IiI+PC9zdmc+" data-spai="1" alt="Electric vehicles charging" class="wp-image-318179" title="ev battery lifetime is longer in the real world, not the lab 1" ><noscript data-spai="1"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1200" height="675" src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1200-16-GettyImages-1771118509.jpg" data-spai-egr="1" alt="Electric vehicles charging" class="wp-image-318179" title="ev battery lifetime is longer in the real world, not the lab 1" srcset="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1200-16-GettyImages-1771118509.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1200-16-GettyImages-1771118509-600x338.jpg 600w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1200-16-GettyImages-1771118509-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/1200-16-GettyImages-1771118509-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px"></noscript><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Credit: Alexander Spatari / Getty Images</figcaption></figure> <p>Electric vehicle (EV) batteries may last longer in the real world than manufacturing lab tests predict, according to a new study.</p> <p>The researchers “surprisingly” found that charging and discharging based on driver data led to battery lifetimes 38% longer on average, compared to typical lab tests.</p> <p>Their study is <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01675-8" target="_blank" data-type="link" data-id="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01675-8" rel="noreferrer noopener">published</a> in <em>Nature Energy.</em></p> <p>“We’ve not been testing EV batteries the right way,” says senior author Associate Professor Simona Onori, a researcher at Stanford University, USA.</p> <p>“To our surprise, real driving with frequent acceleration, braking that charges the batteries a bit, stopping to pop into a store, and letting the batteries rest for hours at a time, helps batteries last longer than we had thought based on industry standard lab tests.”</p> <p>Manufacturers can’t spend 10 years confirming that a new model will last for 10 years, so <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/batteries-explainer/" target="_blank" data-type="link" data-id="https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/batteries-explainer/" rel="noreferrer noopener">battery</a> lifetime is normally tested by charging and discharging rapidly through hundreds or thousands of cycles.</p> <div class="advert ad-in-content ad-mobile auh-250"><div id="adn-00000000001fc2ca-i0p0" style="display: none"></div></div> <p>It was thought that the rapid charge-discharge in lab tests would be better for battery performance compared to real world driving conditions, which includes lots of partial charging and discharging, and long periods where the car is parked.</p> <p>This type of battery treatment is called “dynamic discharge.”</p> <div class="in-content-area related-box-wrapper content-third content-right margin-bottom-1"> <div class="gradient-title">Read More</div> <ul class="related-box article-listing"> <li class="cols"> <div class="article article-post"> <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/batteries-explainer/" class="thumbnail ar-16-9" aria-label="Article link"> <span data-spai-bg-on="1" class="image" style="background-image: url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxMjAwIDY3NSIgd2lkdGg9IjEyMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iNjc1IiBkYXRhLXU9Imh0dHBzJTNBJTJGJTJGY29zbW9zbWFnYXppbmUuY29tJTJGd3AtY29udGVudCUyRnVwbG9hZHMlMkYyMDIyJTJGMDglMkYxMjAwLUdldHR5SW1hZ2VzLTEyMTY4Njk4NzYxMS5qcGciIGRhdGEtdz0iMTIwMCIgZGF0YS1oPSI2NzUiIGRhdGEtYmlwPSIiPjwvc3ZnPg==)"></span> </a> <div class="article-content has-very-light-grey-background-color"> <a href="/technology/"> <span class="category technology-color"> Technology </span> </a> <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/batteries-explainer/"> <h3>Explainer: how do batteries work?</h3> </a> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <p>The researchers tested 92 commercial EV lithium-ion batteries over a 2-year period.</p> <a href="https://link.cosmosmagazine.com/OP59" class="newsletter-cta" data-device="mobile"> <img decoding="async" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAzMDAgMjUwIiB3aWR0aD0iMzAwIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjI1MCIgZGF0YS11PSIlMkZ3cC1jb250ZW50JTJGdXBsb2FkcyUyRjIwMjQlMkYwMyUyRldlZWtseS1DYXRjaHVwLTMwMHgyNTAtMS5wbmciIGRhdGEtdz0iMzAwIiBkYXRhLWg9IjI1MCIgZGF0YS1iaXA9IiI+PC9zdmc+" data-spai="1" alt="Newsletter" title="ev battery lifetime is longer in the real world, not the lab 2"><noscript data-spai="1"><img decoding="async" src="https://cdn.shortpixel.ai/spai/q_lossy+ret_img+to_auto/cosmosmagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Weekly-Catchup-300x250-1.png" data-spai-egr="1" alt="Newsletter" title="ev battery lifetime is longer in the real world, not the lab 2"></noscript> </a> <p>Some batteries were kept at a constant current, some were cycled neatly like they would be in a lab test, and some were treated with dynamic discharge cycles based on real-world driving data from 2 cities.</p> <p>The real-world dynamic cycling also had variations depending on how cars were used – whether for <a href="https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/will-electric-vehicles-ruin-weekend/" target="_blank" data-type="link" data-id="https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/will-electric-vehicles-ruin-weekend/" rel="noreferrer noopener">long or short highway trips</a>, urban driving, or a combination.</p> <div class="advert ad-in-content ad-mobile auh-250"><div id="adn-00000000001fc2ca-i1p0" style="display: none"></div></div> <p>The team ran regular diagnostic cycles to see how far the batteries had degraded.</p> <p>They found that the more dynamic a cycle, the longer the battery’s lifetime.</p> <p>While they don’t know exactly why this is the case, a machine-learning algorithm they used suggested that tiny pulses of charge and discharge, coming from rapid accelerations and braking, played a big role.</p> <p>The team argues for changing the ways that EV batteries are tested.</p> <p>“There is a need to systematically adopt realistic cycling protocols when developing new battery materials and cell designs, not only in terms of optimisation but also in terms of mechanistic understanding,” they write in their paper.</p> <div class="advert ad-in-content ad-mobile auh-250"><div id="adn-00000000001fc2ca-i2p0" style="display: none"></div></div> <p>“Going forward, evaluating new battery chemistries and designs with realistic demand profiles will be really important,” says co-author Dr Le Xu, a postdoctoral scholar at Stanford.</p> <div style><a href="https://link.cosmosmagazine.com/O5bE"><p align="center"><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-198773" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCA3MjggMjI1IiB3aWR0aD0iNzI4IiBoZWlnaHQ9IjIyNSIgZGF0YS11PSJodHRwcyUzQSUyRiUyRmNvc21vc21hZ2F6aW5lLmNvbSUyRndwLWNvbnRlbnQlMkZ1cGxvYWRzJTJGMjAyNCUyRjAzJTJGRGFpbHktRG9zZS1OZXdzbGV0dGVyX0Nvc21vc19FbWJlZF83Mjh4MjI1LmpwZyIgZGF0YS13PSI3MjgiIGRhdGEtaD0iMjI1IiBkYXRhLWJpcD0iIj48L3N2Zz4=" data-spai="1" 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EV batteries: manufacturers underestimate lifetime by 38%