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aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Raja_Kesavadas_and_Alappuzha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Raja_Kesavadas_and_Alappuzha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Raja Kesavadas and Alappuzha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Raja_Kesavadas_and_Alappuzha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Backwater_paddy_cultivation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Backwater_paddy_cultivation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Backwater paddy cultivation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Backwater_paddy_cultivation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-National_highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>National highways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.2</span> <span>State highways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Water</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Administration and politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Major_college_institutes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_college_institutes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Major college institutes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_college_institutes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_buildings_and_shrines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_buildings_and_shrines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Religious buildings and shrines</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Religious_buildings_and_shrines-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Religious buildings and shrines subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Religious_buildings_and_shrines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hindu_temples_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hindu_temples_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Hindu temples in Alappuzha (Alleppey)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hindu_temples_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Christian_churches_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christian_churches_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Christian churches in Alappuzha (Alleppey)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christian_churches_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muslim_mosques_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muslim_mosques_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Muslim mosques in Alappuzha (Alleppey)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muslim_mosques_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cinema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cinema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>Cinema</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cinema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.4</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Alappuzha</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 50 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%A7" title="الابوزها – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الابوزها" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF" title="আলেপ্পি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আলেপ্পি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE" title="अलाप्पुझा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अलाप्पुझा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alleppey_(lungsod_sa_Indiya)" title="Alleppey (lungsod sa Indiya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Alleppey (lungsod sa Indiya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alapula" title="Alapula – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Alapula" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%DA%98%D8%A7" title="آلاپوژا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آلاپوژا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%8F%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%80" title="એલેપ્પી – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="એલેપ્પી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80" title="अलेप्पी – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="अलेप्पी" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%9D%BC%ED%91%B8%EC%9E%90" title="알라푸자 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알라푸자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE" title="आलाप्पुड़ा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आलाप्पुड़ा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%B9" title="আলপ্পুজহ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="আলপ্পুজহ" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B3" title="ಆಲಪುಳ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆಲಪುಳ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alapu%C5%BEa" title="Alapuža – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Alapuža" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lappuzsa" title="Álappuzsa – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Álappuzsa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B4" title="ആലപ്പുഴ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആലപ്പുഴ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%BE" title="अलप्पुळा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अलप्पुळा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%87" title="الافوجه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الافوجه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="आलप्पुल – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="आलप्पुल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%9D%E0%AC%BE" title="ଆଲାପ୍ପୁଝା – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆଲାପ୍ପୁଝା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਅੱਲਾਪੁੜਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅੱਲਾਪੁੜਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B2%DA%BE%D8%A7" title="الاپوزھا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="الاپوزھا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B8" title="Аллеппи – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аллеппи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BE" title="ஆலப்புழா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆலப்புழா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B3" title="ఆలప్పుళ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆలప్పుళ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AC%E0%B8%B0" title="อาลัปปุฬะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาลัปปุฬะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BF%D1%96" title="Аллеппі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аллеппі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%DA%98%D8%A7" title="الاپوژا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="الاپوژا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Alappuzha" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allappuzha" title="Allappuzha – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Allappuzha" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8B%92%E7%9A%AE" title="阿勒皮 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿勒皮" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Alappuzha&params=9.49_N_76.33_E_type:city_region:IN"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">9°29′N</span> <span class="longitude">76°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">9.49°N 76.33°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">9.49; 76.33</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Kerala, India</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the metropolis in Kerala, India. For its namesake district, see <a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_district" title="Alappuzha district">Alappuzha district</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Municipality in Kerala, India</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement 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.infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Alappuzha</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of Kerala">Municipality</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:290px;max-width:290px"><div style=";height:190px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alappuzha_Boat_Beauty_W.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kettuvallam"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Alappuzha_Boat_Beauty_W.jpg/288px-Alappuzha_Boat_Beauty_W.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Alappuzha_Boat_Beauty_W.jpg/432px-Alappuzha_Boat_Beauty_W.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Alappuzha_Boat_Beauty_W.jpg/576px-Alappuzha_Boat_Beauty_W.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1656" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div style=";height:96px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AC_Road_SH-11.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="AC Road SH-11"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/AC_Road_SH-11.JPG/129px-AC_Road_SH-11.JPG" decoding="async" width="129" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/AC_Road_SH-11.JPG/194px-AC_Road_SH-11.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/AC_Road_SH-11.JPG/258px-AC_Road_SH-11.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2154" data-file-height="1606" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:157px;max-width:157px"><div style=";height:96px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alleppey_beach.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alappuzha beach"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Alleppey_beach.jpg/155px-Alleppey_beach.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Alleppey_beach.jpg/233px-Alleppey_beach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Alleppey_beach.jpg/310px-Alleppey_beach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="3749" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:146px;max-width:146px"><div style=";height:105px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mullakkal_Devi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mullakkal Devi"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mullakkal_Devi.jpg/144px-Mullakkal_Devi.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mullakkal_Devi.jpg/216px-Mullakkal_Devi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mullakkal_Devi.jpg/288px-Mullakkal_Devi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="864" data-file-height="633" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:142px;max-width:142px"><div style=";height:105px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7655.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Boating centre"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7655.JPG/140px-Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7655.JPG" decoding="async" width="140" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7655.JPG/210px-Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7655.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7655.JPG/280px-Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7655.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div style=";height:100px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jain-temple-alleppey.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jain Temple in Alappuzha"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jain-temple-alleppey.jpg/150px-Jain-temple-alleppey.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jain-temple-alleppey.jpg/225px-Jain-temple-alleppey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Jain-temple-alleppey.jpg/300px-Jain-temple-alleppey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1667" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:136px;max-width:136px"><div style=";height:100px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel_Cathedral.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Our Lady of Mount Carmel Cathedral"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel_Cathedral.jpg/134px-Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel_Cathedral.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel_Cathedral.jpg/201px-Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel_Cathedral.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel_Cathedral.jpg/268px-Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel_Cathedral.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><b>Clockwise from top left</b>: <a href="/wiki/Kettuvallam" title="Kettuvallam">Alappuzha houseboat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_Beach" title="Alappuzha Beach">Alappuzha Beach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vembanad_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Vembanad Lake">Vembanad Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Alleppey" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Alleppey">Roman Catholic Diocese of Alleppey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jain_temple,_Alappuzha" title="Jain temple, Alappuzha">Jain temple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mullakkal_Temple" title="Mullakkal Temple">Mullakkal Temple</a>, <a href="/wiki/State_Highway_11_(Kerala)" title="State Highway 11 (Kerala)">State Highway 11 (Kerala)</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><b>"<a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> of the East"</b></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container floatright" style="width: 300px; height: 300px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="300" data-zoom="12" data-lat="9.49" data-lon="76.33" data-overlays="["_50cecebf0a11642ef02ea09171fd5ca69a07980f"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/12/9.49/76.33/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,9.49,76.33,300x300.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Alappuzha&revid=1258383222&groups=_50cecebf0a11642ef02ea09171fd5ca69a07980f" width="300" height="300" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,12,9.49,76.33,300x300@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Alappuzha&revid=1258383222&groups=_50cecebf0a11642ef02ea09171fd5ca69a07980f 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_Kerala_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alappuzha is located in Kerala"><img alt="Alappuzha is located in Kerala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/India_Kerala_location_map.svg/250px-India_Kerala_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="364" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/India_Kerala_location_map.svg/375px-India_Kerala_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/India_Kerala_location_map.svg/500px-India_Kerala_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="874" data-file-height="1274" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:70.2%;left:52.286%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Alappuzha"><img alt="Alappuzha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Alappuzha</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Kerala</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alappuzha is located in India"><img alt="Alappuzha is located in India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/India_location_map.svg/250px-India_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/India_location_map.svg/375px-India_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/India_location_map.svg/500px-India_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1615" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:86.185%;left:29.156%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Alappuzha"><img alt="Alappuzha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Alappuzha</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of India</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Alappuzha&params=9.49_N_76.33_E_type:city_region:IN"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">9°29′N</span> <span class="longitude">76°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">9.49°N 76.33°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">9.49; 76.33</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="States and territories of India">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Kerala.png/23px-Flag_of_Kerala.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Kerala.png/35px-Flag_of_Kerala.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Kerala.png/45px-Flag_of_Kerala.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="454" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of districts of India">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_district" title="Alappuzha district">Alappuzha district</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Municipality</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Alappuzha Municipality</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Municipal Chairperson</th><td class="infobox-data">Jayamma (<a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">CPIM</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">65.57 km<sup>2</sup> (25.32 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2011)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">240,991</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">6th</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Languages<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Official</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>, English<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B5:30" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+5:30">UTC+5:30</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_Index_Number" title="Postal Index Number">PIN</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">688001</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Telephone code</th><td class="infobox-data">0477</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_RTO_districts_in_India#KL-Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="List of RTO districts in India">KL</a>-04 Alappuzha,</li> <li>KL-29 Kayamkulam</li> <li>KL-30 Chengannur</li> <li>KL-31 Mavelikkara</li> <li>KL-32 Cherthala</li> <li>KL-66 Kuttanad</li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_sex_ratio" title="Human sex ratio">Sex ratio</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1079 <a href="/wiki/Male" title="Male">♂</a>/<a href="/wiki/Female" title="Female">♀</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alappuzha.gov.in">alappuzha<wbr />.gov<wbr />.in</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sun_rise_view_Alleppey_backwaters_,_Kerala_06.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Sun_rise_view_Alleppey_backwaters_%2C_Kerala_06.jpg/220px-Sun_rise_view_Alleppey_backwaters_%2C_Kerala_06.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Sun_rise_view_Alleppey_backwaters_%2C_Kerala_06.jpg/330px-Sun_rise_view_Alleppey_backwaters_%2C_Kerala_06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Sun_rise_view_Alleppey_backwaters_%2C_Kerala_06.jpg/440px-Sun_rise_view_Alleppey_backwaters_%2C_Kerala_06.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Sun rise view Alleppey backwaters , Kerala</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Alappuzha</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Malayalam:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ml-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malayalam" title="Help:IPA/Malayalam">[aːlɐpːuɻɐ]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/26\/Alappuzha.ogg\/Alappuzha.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Alappuzha.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/Alappuzha.ogg/Alappuzha.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Alappuzha.ogg" title="File:Alappuzha.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>), formerly known as <b>Alleppey</b>, is a city and <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of Kerala">municipality</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_district" title="Alappuzha district">Alappuzha district</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. It is the district headquarters of the district, and is located about 130 km (80.8 mi) north of the state capital <a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram" title="Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a>. As per the <a href="/wiki/2011_Indian_census" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Indian census">2011 Indian census</a>, Alappuzha has a population of 240,991 people, and a population density of 3,675/km<sup>2</sup> (9,520/sq mi). </p><p>Alappuzha dates back to the <a href="/wiki/Sangam_literature" title="Sangam literature">Sangam era</a>, and was mentioned by <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a> as far back as the 1st century AD as "Baraces".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later in the 16th and 17th centuries, the town flourished as an important hub for trading spices with various European powers including the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Malabar" title="Dutch Malabar">Dutch</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_India" title="Portuguese India">Portuguese</a>. Under the rule of <a href="/wiki/Raja_Kesavadas" title="Raja Kesavadas">Raja Kesavadas</a>, a port was constructed and canals for transport were laid throughout the city, and the town experienced rapid development. However, by the late 18th century, the region had come under <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British rule</a> and experienced a decline in its status as a centre for commerce and culture.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, Alappuzha is a prominent tourist destination in Kerala. The town is famous for its <a href="/wiki/Kerala_Backwaters" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerala Backwaters">waterways and backwaters</a>, and has been described as the "<a href="/wiki/Venice_of_the_East" title="Venice of the East">Venice of the East</a>" for the small canals winding through its historic centre. Its also known as the Tarshish land of Kerala<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It plays a role as one of the primary access points for the annual <a href="/wiki/Nehru_Trophy_Boat_Race" title="Nehru Trophy Boat Race">Nehru Trophy Boat Race</a> during the festival of <a href="/wiki/Onam" title="Onam">Onam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alappuzha is also a hub for <a href="/wiki/Coir" title="Coir">coir</a> manufacturing, and has a thriving coir industry.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carved out of the erstwhile <a href="/wiki/Kottayam" title="Kottayam">Kottayam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quilon" class="mw-redirect" title="Quilon">Kollam</a> districts, Alappuzha district was formed on 17 August 1957 and consisted initially of seven <a href="/wiki/Taluk" class="mw-redirect" title="Taluk">taluks</a>, namely <a href="/wiki/Cherthala" title="Cherthala">Cherthala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ambalappuzha" title="Ambalappuzha">Ambalappuzha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuttanad" title="Kuttanad">Kuttanad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chengannur" title="Chengannur">Chengannur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karthikappally" title="Karthikappally">Karthikappally</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The district is bounded on the north by <a href="/wiki/Kochi" title="Kochi">Kochi</a> and Kanayannur taluks of <a href="/wiki/Ernakulam" title="Ernakulam">Ernakulam</a> district, on the east by <a href="/wiki/Vaikom" title="Vaikom">Vaikom</a>, Kottayam and <a href="/wiki/Changanassery" title="Changanassery">Changanassery</a> taluks of Kottayam district and Thiruvalla, <a href="/wiki/Kozhencherry" title="Kozhencherry">Kozhencherry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adoor" title="Adoor">Adoor</a> taluks of <a href="/wiki/Pathanamthitta" title="Pathanamthitta">Pathanamthitta</a> district, on the South by <a href="/wiki/Kunnathur_(Kerala)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kunnathur (Kerala)">Kunnathur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karunagappally" class="mw-redirect" title="Karunagappally">Karunagappally</a> taluks of <a href="/wiki/Kollam_district" title="Kollam district">Kollam district</a> and on the west by Laccadive Sea.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The present Alappuzha district comprises six taluks, namely Cherthala, Ambalappuzha, Kuttanad, Karthikappally, Chengannur and Mavelikkara.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area of the district is 1,414 km<sup>2</sup> (546 sq mi). Its headquarters is located at Alappuzha. </p><p>The name Ᾱlappuzha is a toponym. ‘Ᾱlayam’ means ‘home’ and ‘puzha’, according to Dr. Herman Gundert's dictionary, means ‘watercourse’ or ‘river’.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The name refers to the network of waterways and backwaters in Alappuzha and its surrounding areas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Alappuzha" title="Special:EditPage/Alappuzha">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Alappuzha%22">"Alappuzha"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Alappuzha%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Alappuzha%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Alappuzha%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Alappuzha%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Alappuzha%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stone_bridge,_Alleppey_1900.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Stone_bridge%2C_Alleppey_1900.jpg/220px-Stone_bridge%2C_Alleppey_1900.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Stone_bridge%2C_Alleppey_1900.jpg/330px-Stone_bridge%2C_Alleppey_1900.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Stone_bridge%2C_Alleppey_1900.jpg/440px-Stone_bridge%2C_Alleppey_1900.jpg 2x" data-file-width="712" data-file-height="557" /></a><figcaption>Stone Bridge in 1900.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alleppey_canal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Alleppey_canal.jpg/200px-Alleppey_canal.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Alleppey_canal.jpg/300px-Alleppey_canal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Alleppey_canal.jpg/400px-Alleppey_canal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Walkway in Commercial Canal</figcaption></figure> <p>Kuttanad, the <a href="/wiki/Breadbasket" title="Breadbasket">rice bowl</a> of Kerala, with its paddy fields, small streams and canals with lush green coconut palms, was well known even from the early periods of the <a href="/wiki/Sangam_age" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangam age">Sangam age</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-alappuzha_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alappuzha-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Literary works such as <i><a href="/wiki/Unnuneeli_Sandesam" title="Unnuneeli Sandesam">Unnuneeli Sandesam</a></i> give some insight into the ancient period of this district. Archaeological antiquities, such as the stone inscriptions, historical monuments found in the temples, churches, and rock-cut caves, also emphasise the historic importance of Alappuzha District. </p><p>Christianity had a foothold in this district, even from the 1st century AD. The church located at <a href="/wiki/Kokkamangalam" title="Kokkamangalam">Kokkamangalam</a> was one of the seven churches founded by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_the_Apostle" title="Thomas the Apostle">St Thomas</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> one of the twelve disciples of <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a>. It is generally believed that he landed at <a href="/wiki/Maliankara" title="Maliankara">Maliankara</a> in <a href="/wiki/Muziris" title="Muziris">Muziris</a> Port, presently known as <a href="/wiki/Cranganore" class="mw-redirect" title="Cranganore">Cranganore</a> or <a href="/wiki/Kodungallur" title="Kodungallur">Kodungallur</a>, in 52 AD and preached Christianity in <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a>. </p><p>The district flourished in religion and culture under the second Chera Empire, during 9th to 12th centuries AD. The literary work `Ascharya Choodamani`, a Sanskrit drama written by <a href="/wiki/Sakthibhadran" title="Sakthibhadran">Sakthibhadran</a>, a scholar of <a href="/wiki/Chengannur" title="Chengannur">Chengannur</a>, enables us to know many pertinent facts. Further, the temple on Lord <a href="/wiki/Ayyappan" title="Ayyappan">Ayyappan</a>, in Mukkal vattam near Muhamma in Alappuzha District, is called <a href="/wiki/Cheerappanchira" title="Cheerappanchira">Cheerappanchira</a>, for the Kalari from which Lord Ayyappa learnt his martial arts. A recent album by <a href="/wiki/P._Unni_Krishnan" class="mw-redirect" title="P. Unni Krishnan">P. Unni Krishnan</a> on Lord Ayyappa, titled 'Sabarimalai Va Charanam Solli Va', has songs illustrating the history of this temple and Lord Ayyappa's stay here before he went to conquer the Mahishi Demon.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since landing in <a href="/wiki/Kozhikode" title="Kozhikode">Calicut</a> in 1498, the <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portuguese</a> started playing an influential role in Alappuzha. They began by spreading Catholicism and converting already existing <a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Christians" title="Saint Thomas Christians">Christians</a> into Catholics. <a href="/wiki/Arthunkal#St._Andrew's_Basilica,_Arthunkal" title="Arthunkal">St Andrew's Basilica</a> was built during this period.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 17th century, as the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a> power declined, the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_people" title="Dutch people">Dutch</a> gained a predominant position in the principalities of this district. They built many factories and warehouses for storing <a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">pepper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">ginger</a>, relying on several treaties signed between the Dutch and the <a href="/wiki/Rajas" title="Rajas">Rajas</a> of <a href="/wiki/Purakkad" title="Purakkad">Purakkad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kayamkulam" title="Kayamkulam">Kayamkulam</a> and Karappuram. In course of time they also delved into the political and cultural affairs of the district. At that time Maharaja <a href="/wiki/Marthanda_Varma" title="Marthanda Varma">Marthanda Varma</a> (1706–1758), who was the 'Maker of modern <a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore</a>', intervened in the political affairs of those princedoms. </p><p>Travancore <a href="/wiki/Dewan" title="Dewan">Dewan</a> <a href="/wiki/Ramayyan_Dalawa" title="Ramayyan Dalawa">Ramayyan Dalawa</a> (d. 1756) resided in <a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a> where he had a palace built by Marthanda Varma. After the death of his wife, Ramayyan consorted with a Nair lady from <a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a> of the Edassery family (PGN Unnithan, a member of this family, later became the last Dewan of Travancore in 1947). After his death Ramayyan's descendants left Travancore to settle in <a href="/wiki/Pudukkottai" title="Pudukkottai">Pudukkottai</a> in Tamil Nadu. His Nair consort was given gifts and presents and special allowances from the Travancore government in recognition of his services to the state while his own descendants were bestowed with the honorific title of Dalawa. </p><p>In the 19th century the district saw progress in many spheres. One of the five subordinate courts opened in the state in connection with the reorganization of the judicial system by Colonel <a href="/wiki/George_Monro_(British_Army_officer)" title="George Monro (British Army officer)">George Monro</a> was located at <a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a>. The first post office and first telegraph office in the former Travancore state were established in this district. The first manufacturing factory for the <a href="/wiki/Coir" title="Coir">coir</a> mats was established in 1859. In 1894 the city Improvement Committee was set up. </p><p>The district played a role in the freedom struggle of the country. The struggles of <a href="/wiki/Punnapra-Vayalar_uprising" title="Punnapra-Vayalar uprising">Punnapra and Vayalar</a> in 1946 arrayed the people against Sir <a href="/wiki/C._P._Ramaswami_Iyer" title="C. P. Ramaswami Iyer">C. P. Ramaswami Iyer</a>, who was Dewan of Travancore. This led to Ramaswami Iyer's exit from the political scene of Travancore. A popular Ministry was formed in Travancore on 24 March 1948 after India's independence. Travancore and <a href="/wiki/Cochin" class="mw-redirect" title="Cochin">Cochin</a> states were integrated on 1 July 1949. This arrangement continued until the formation of Kerala State on 1 November 1956, under the <a href="/wiki/States_Reorganisation_Act,_1956" title="States Reorganisation Act, 1956">States Reorganisation Act 1956</a>. The district came into existence as a separate administrative unit on 1 August 1957. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Raja_Kesavadas_and_Alappuzha">Raja Kesavadas and Alappuzha</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Raja Kesavadas and Alappuzha"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Raja_Kesavadas" title="Raja Kesavadas">Raja Kesavadas</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Dewan" title="Dewan">Dewan</a> of <a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore</a> during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Dharma_Raja" title="Dharma Raja">Dharma Raja Karthika Thirunal Rama Varma</a> in 18th century was well known for his planning skills and administrative acumen. He was the master mind in developing the Alappuzha town.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He found Alappuzha as an ideal location and constructing a well planned port city in <a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore</a>. Alappuzha was most suitable, because of the geographical and oceanic reasons. He constructed two parallel canals for bringing goods to port from backwaters and offered infrastructural facilities to merchants and traders from Surat, Mumbai and Kutch to start industrial enterprises, trading, and cargo centres. Alappuzha attained progress and became the financial nerve centre of Travancore during his time.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The port was opened in 1762, mainly for the export of coir-matting and coir-yarn. Kesavadas built three ships for trade with Calcutta and Bombay, and alleppey afforded a convenient depot for the storage and disposal of goods produce in the east.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:808px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:VembanadAlleppey.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vembanad Lake"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/VembanadAlleppey.jpg/800px-VembanadAlleppey.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="376" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/VembanadAlleppey.jpg/1200px-VembanadAlleppey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/VembanadAlleppey.jpg/1600px-VembanadAlleppey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="2032" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:VembanadAlleppey.jpg" title="File:VembanadAlleppey.jpg"> </a></div><a href="/wiki/Vembanad_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Vembanad Lake">Vembanad Lake</a></div></div></div> <p>Alappuzha is located at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Alappuzha&params=9.54_N_76.40_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">9°32′N</span> <span class="longitude">76°24′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">9.54°N 76.40°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">9.54; 76.40</span></span></span></a></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average elevation is 1 metre (3.3 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alappuzha covers an area of 1,414 square kilometres (546 sq mi) and is flanked by 2,195 square kilometres (847 sq mi) of <a href="/wiki/Vembanad_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Vembanad Lake">Vembanad Lake</a>, where six major rivers spread out before joining the 80 km coast line of the district. The city of Alappuzha is crisscrossed by a system of <a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">canals</a>, which is a part of the <a href="/wiki/National_Waterway_3_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Waterway 3 (India)">National Waterway 3</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The district is a sandy strip of land intercepted by lagoons, rivers and canals. There are no mountains or hills in the district except some scattered hillocks lying between <a href="/wiki/Bharanikkavu" title="Bharanikkavu">Bharanikkavu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chengannur" title="Chengannur">Chengannur</a> blocks in the eastern portion of the district. There are no forest area in this district. </p><p>Alappuzha is bounded by the Laccadive Sea on its west. The town has a network of lakes, lagoons and <a href="/wiki/Fresh_water" title="Fresh water">fresh water</a> rivers. The richness of the coastal Alappuzha waters is expressed annually in the blooming and consequent deposit of a huge quantity of fishes and <a href="/wiki/Prawns" class="mw-redirect" title="Prawns">prawns</a> on the Alappuzha coast called ‘[Chakara]’. This annual shifting of sandbank appears during the post-monsoon period and contributes to the local economy and is a festive season for the people of Kerala. The annual floods rejuvenate and cleanse the soil and water due to which there is abundance of marine life like prawns, <a href="/wiki/Lobster" title="Lobster">lobsters</a>, fishes, turtles and other <a href="/wiki/Flora" title="Flora">flora</a> in the sea. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Kerala_Backwaters" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerala Backwaters">backwaters</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wetlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Wetlands">wetlands</a> host thousands of migrant <a href="/wiki/Common_teal" class="mw-redirect" title="Common teal">common teal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duck" title="Duck">ducks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cormorant" title="Cormorant">cormorants</a> every year who reach here from long distances. A major feature of the area is the region called Kuttanad, the 'granary of Kerala'. <a href="/wiki/Kuttanad" title="Kuttanad">Kuttanad</a> is also known as the rice bowl of Kerala and is one of the few places in the world where farming is done below sea level. The paddy fields lie about 0.6 to 2 m below mean sea level.<sup id="cite_ref-alappuzha_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alappuzha-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Owing to its proximity to the sea, the climate of Alappuzha is humid and hot during the summer, although it remains fairly cool and pleasant during the months of October and November. The average monthly temperature is 27 degrees Celsius. The district gets the benefit of two seasonal monsoons, as in other parts of the state. Alappuzha town experiences a long monsoon season with heavy showers as both the <a href="/wiki/Southwest_monsoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Southwest monsoon">Southwest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northeast_monsoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Northeast monsoon">Northeast monsoon</a> influences the weather of Alappuzha. The South-west monsoon affects the climate in the months from June to September. On the other hand, the North-east monsoon brings rain from October to November. The average rainfall received by the region is 2763 mm.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Alappuzha (1991–2020, extremes 1944–2012) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7<br />(98.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.4<br />(99.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">37.9<br />(100.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.2<br />(100.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7<br />(98.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.0<br />(93.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.2<br />(93.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.8<br />(94.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6<br />(96.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.4<br />(95.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.6<br />(97.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">38.2<br />(100.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.7<br />(90.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.0<br />(91.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.6<br />(92.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.7<br />(92.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.8<br />(91.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.4<br />(86.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.4<br />(84.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.6<br />(85.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.5<br />(86.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.3<br />(88.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0<br />(89.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.5<br />(90.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">31.8<br />(89.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6<br />(74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4<br />(77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.3<br />(77.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2<br />(73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7<br />(65.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.9<br />(67.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8<br />(64.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #E6FFE6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(0.64) </td> <td style="background: #BAFFBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.1<br />(1.66) </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.7<br />(2.47) </td> <td style="background: #34FF34; color:#000000;" class="notheme">131.7<br />(5.19) </td> <td style="background: #006500; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">274.1<br />(10.79) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">592.0<br />(23.31) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">485.9<br />(19.13) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">349.8<br />(13.77) </td> <td style="background: #003500; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">296.5<br />(11.67) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">357.4<br />(14.07) </td> <td style="background: #00EF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">175.8<br />(6.92) </td> <td style="background: #B7FFB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.2<br />(1.90) </td> <td style="background: #009700; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,832.4<br />(111.51) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 </td> <td style="background: #6F6FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">21.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000F5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">21.4 </td> <td style="background: #3232FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.6 </td> <td style="background: #4F4FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.8 </td> <td style="background: #4545FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.0 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9 </td> <td style="background: #7D7DFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">123.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(at 17:30 <a href="/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>)</span> </th> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78 </td> <td style="background: #0000B5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">86 </td> <td style="background: #0000AD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">88 </td> <td style="background: #0000B1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">87 </td> <td style="background: #0000BC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">84 </td> <td style="background: #0000C8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81 </td> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0000B5; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">86 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/India_Meteorological_Department" title="India Meteorological Department">India Meteorological Department</a><sup id="cite_ref-IMDnormals_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMDnormals-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:250px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:none"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religion in Alappuzha City (2011)</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">Percent</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:darkorange; width:49.85%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">49.85%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:blue; width:26.23%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">26.23%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:green; width:23.62%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">23.62%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:black; width:0.30%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.30%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JainTempleAlappuzhaFrontPrd.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/JainTempleAlappuzhaFrontPrd.jpg/250px-JainTempleAlappuzhaFrontPrd.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/JainTempleAlappuzhaFrontPrd.jpg/375px-JainTempleAlappuzhaFrontPrd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/JainTempleAlappuzhaFrontPrd.jpg/500px-JainTempleAlappuzhaFrontPrd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Jain Temple, Alappuzha</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale collapsible collapsed" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1991 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">174,666</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">239,384</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+37.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">240,991</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.7%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Sources: <ul><li>1991-2011<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>According to the 2011 census, Alappuzha Municipality+Outgrowths had a population of 240,991 with 116,439 men and 124,552 women. The City spreads over Alappuzha municipality and the outgrowths of <a href="/wiki/Punnapra" title="Punnapra">Punnapra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kalarcode" title="Kalarcode">Kalarcode</a> villages with an area of 65.57 km<sup>2</sup> (25.32 sq mi) and population density of 3,675 persons per square kilometre. There were 22,361 persons under six years of age. The <a href="/wiki/Literacy_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Literacy rate">literacy rate</a> of Alappuzha city stands at 95.81% with 209,201 literates where 101,927 are males (97.3%) and 107,274 are females (94.43%). Alappuzha had a sex ratio of 1070.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The population is predominantly <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindus</a>, and there are sizeable numbers of <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a>. The most widely spoken language is <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a>, although many people speak <a href="/wiki/Konkani_language" title="Konkani language">Konkani</a>. </p><p>The standard dialect of Malayalam spoken is Central Travancore dialect.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Konkani is a language that is spoken in the <a href="/wiki/Konkan" title="Konkan">Konkan</a> region. During the Portuguese and Dutch invasions of the 16th and 18th centuries, many <a href="/wiki/Konkanis" class="mw-redirect" title="Konkanis">Konkanis</a> migrated southwards to <a href="/wiki/Thuravoor,_Cherthala" title="Thuravoor, Cherthala">Thuravoor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cherthala" title="Cherthala">Cherthala</a> and Alappuzha in the state of <a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore</a> as well as other places in Kerala like <a href="/wiki/Cochin" class="mw-redirect" title="Cochin">Cochin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kodungalloor" class="mw-redirect" title="Kodungalloor">Kodungalloor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kollam" title="Kollam">Kollam</a>. A majority of these people got settled in Alappuzha.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alleppey_Boat_houses.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Alleppey_Boat_houses.jpg/220px-Alleppey_Boat_houses.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Alleppey_Boat_houses.jpg/330px-Alleppey_Boat_houses.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Alleppey_Boat_houses.jpg/440px-Alleppey_Boat_houses.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Houseboat" title="Houseboat">Houseboat</a> in Alleppey</figcaption></figure> <p>The economy of the district is based on agriculture and marine products. The agricultural activities predominantly revolve around the <a href="/wiki/Kuttanad" title="Kuttanad">Kuttanad</a> region, the rice bowl of Kerala. Though the district is industrially backward, some traditional industries based on <a href="/wiki/Coir" title="Coir">coir</a> and coir products, marine products, handlooms, different types of <a href="/wiki/Handicraft" title="Handicraft">handicrafts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toddy_tapping" class="mw-redirect" title="Toddy tapping">toddy tapping</a> have been active from the very early times. The district is known as the traditional home of coir industry in Kerala.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coco_Boat_Allapphy_Kerala.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Coco_Boat_Allapphy_Kerala.JPG/220px-Coco_Boat_Allapphy_Kerala.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Coco_Boat_Allapphy_Kerala.JPG/330px-Coco_Boat_Allapphy_Kerala.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Coco_Boat_Allapphy_Kerala.JPG/440px-Coco_Boat_Allapphy_Kerala.JPG 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>Alappuzha has extensive backwaters used for transportation and tourism purposes too.</figcaption></figure> <p>The availability of raw materials and the existence of backwaters and canals suitable for the getting of green husk and accessibility of transportation are the main factors of the development of this industry. <a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arabs</a> had carried on trade in coir products from very ancient period. The manufacture of mats and mattings were first introduced in 1859 by James Durragh.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Coir Board was established by the Central Government under the provisions of the Coir Industry Act in 1955.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A coir research institute functions at <a href="/wiki/Kalavoor" title="Kalavoor">Kalavoor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The National Coir Training and Designing Centre was established at Alappuzha in 1965. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Coir" title="Coir">Coir</a> is the most important commodity manufactured in Alappuzha, <a href="/wiki/Kayamkulam" title="Kayamkulam">Kayamkulam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kokkothamangalam" title="Kokkothamangalam">Kokkothamangalam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Komalapuram" title="Komalapuram">Komalapuram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mannancherry" title="Mannancherry">Mannancherry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muhamma" title="Muhamma">Muhamma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vayalar" title="Vayalar">Vayalar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coir products are available in <a href="/wiki/Cherthala" title="Cherthala">Cherthala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mannancherry" title="Mannancherry">Mannancherry</a>, lime shell in <a href="/wiki/Arookutty" title="Arookutty">Arookutty</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kodamthuruth" title="Kodamthuruth">Kodamthuruth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plywood" title="Plywood">plywood</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chengannur" title="Chengannur">Chengannur</a>, Keltron controls in <a href="/wiki/Aroor" title="Aroor">Aroor</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Potassium_chloride" title="Potassium chloride">potassium chloride</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a>, and coconuts and coconut oil in <a href="/wiki/Thanneermukkom" title="Thanneermukkom">Thanneermukkom</a>. Other important commodities manufactured in these towns are <a href="/wiki/Copra" title="Copra">copra</a>, glass, mats and <a href="/wiki/Match" title="Match">matches</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In recent times, tourism has become a major source of revenue. This is mainly due to the presence of <a href="/wiki/Houseboat" title="Houseboat">houseboats</a> that provide the tourists with a view of the scenic backwaters of the town. Another reason is the proximity to other tourist spots like <a href="/wiki/Munnar" title="Munnar">Munnar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varkala" title="Varkala">Varkala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wayanad" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayanad">Wayanad</a>. Furthermore, as per the Tourist Statistics by Kerala Tourism, there is a 74.55% increase in tourists arriving in Alleppey between 2021 and 2020 while the average for the entire state stands at 51.09%.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Backwater_paddy_cultivation">Backwater paddy cultivation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Backwater paddy cultivation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Alappuzha" title="Special:EditPage/Alappuzha">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Alappuzha%22">"Alappuzha"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Alappuzha%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Alappuzha%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Alappuzha%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Alappuzha%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Alappuzha%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kerala_Kuttanad2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Kerala_Kuttanad2.jpg/220px-Kerala_Kuttanad2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Kerala_Kuttanad2.jpg/330px-Kerala_Kuttanad2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Kerala_Kuttanad2.jpg/440px-Kerala_Kuttanad2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2552" data-file-height="1625" /></a><figcaption>Paddy fields in Kuttanad</figcaption></figure> <p>The major occupation in Alappuzha is farming. The Rice Bowl of Kerala, Kuttanadu is located in Alappuzha. Large farming areas near <a href="/wiki/Vembanad_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Vembanad Lake">Vembanad Lake</a> were reclaimed from the lake. In earlier times, the reclamation was done mainly from the shallow part of the <a href="/wiki/Vembanad_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Vembanad Lake">Vembanad Lake</a> or from the periphery of river Pamba. These reclamations constituted small areas of paddy fields called <i>Padsekharam</i>. The bailing out of water from those fields were done manually using water wheels (<i>Chakram</i>). Gradually the manual method used for bailing out of water gave way to steam engines. </p><p>Three stages can be identified in the reclamation of lands from the Vembanad Lake. In the first stage it was carried out by private entrepreneurs without any financial support from the part of the government. The <i>Pattom Proclamation</i>, made by the Travancore Kingdom in the year 1865, gave a great boost to the reclamation activities between 1865 and 1890. During this period de-watering of the polders were done manually, using waterwheels, restricting large-scale reclamations. Only about 250 hectares of land were reclaimed during this period. Venadu Lake and Madathil Lake that were reclaimed during this period are considered as the first <i>Kayal Nilam</i> (lake-reclaimed land) which were reclaimed from Vembanad Lake.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pioneering reclamation activity of lake-reclamation and cultivation was made by <a href="/wiki/Pallithanam_Luca_Matthai" title="Pallithanam Luca Matthai">Pallithanam Luca Matthai</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The period between 1865 and 1890 is usually considered as the first phase of lake-cultivation. </p><p>The introduction of kerosene engines for dewatering resulted in the reclamation of wider areas of the lake for cultivation. It made the farmers consider venturing into the deeper parts of the lake. During the period between 1898 and 1903, reclamation activity was led by <a href="/wiki/Pallithanam_Luca_Matthai" title="Pallithanam Luca Matthai">Pallithanam Luca Mathai</a> (alias Pallithanathu Mathaichen) who reclaimed the Cherukara and Pallithanam Moovayiram kayals. </p><p>The second phase (1890 to 1903) of reclamation activities came to a halt because of the ban on lake reclamation imposed by the Madras Government in 1903. Cherukali Kayal, Rama Rajapuram Kayal, Aarupanku Kayal, Pantharndu Panku Kayal, and Mathi Kayal were the other major reclamations during this period. </p><p>In 1912, the Madras Government approved a proposal from the Travencore Government for further reclamations in three stages. Under this reclamation scheme areas were notified for reclamation in blocks each named by an alphabet letter. Out of the total area of 19,500 acres of reclaimed land 12,000 acres were reclaimed between 1913 and 1920. The reclamations between 1914 and 1920 are known as new reclamations, which were carried out in three periods. In the first period Blocks A to G measuring 6300 Acres were reclaimed. C Block, D Block (Attumukham Aarayiram (Attumuttu Kayal), Thekke Aarayiram and Vadakke Aarayiram) and E Block (Erupathinalayiram Kayal) F Block (Judge's Aarayiram Kayal) and G Block (Kochu Kayal) are the major reclamations during this period. During the second period of new reclamation, blocks H to N measuring 3600 acres were reclaimed. During the third period of new reclamation, R Block measuring 1,400 acres were reclaimed. </p><p>Due to the steep decline in the price of rice during 1920 to 1940, the reclamation activities became sluggish, but they gained momentum again in the early 1940s. During this period, in order to increase the agricultural output, government initiated a <i>Grow More Food</i> campaign and provided incentives to encourage new reclamations. The advent of electric motors made the reclamation easier, cheaper and less risky as compared to the earlier periods. The last tract of the reclamations namely Q, S and T block were made during this period.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1208px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pallathuruthi_bridge_pano_small.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pallathuruthy bridge"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Pallathuruthi_bridge_pano_small.jpg/1200px-Pallathuruthi_bridge_pano_small.jpg" decoding="async" width="1200" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Pallathuruthi_bridge_pano_small.jpg/1800px-Pallathuruthi_bridge_pano_small.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Pallathuruthi_bridge_pano_small.jpg/2400px-Pallathuruthi_bridge_pano_small.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8999" data-file-height="1614" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Pallathuruthi_bridge_pano_small.jpg" title="File:Pallathuruthi bridge pano small.jpg"> </a></div><a href="/wiki/Pallathuruthy" title="Pallathuruthy">Pallathuruthy</a> bridge</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="National_highways">National highways</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: National highways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_66_(India)" title="National Highway 66 (India)">Nation Highway 66</a>, connecting <a href="/wiki/Panvel" title="Panvel">Panvel</a> to <a href="/wiki/Kanyakumari" title="Kanyakumari">Kanyakumari</a> runs through the Alappuzha <a href="/wiki/City_centre" title="City centre">city centre</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_Bypass" title="Alappuzha Bypass">Alappuzha Bypass</a> was built to route the national highway around city centers between Kommady and <a href="/wiki/Kalarkode" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalarkode">Kalarkode</a>. National Highway 66 connects Alappuzha city to other major cities like Mumbai, <a href="/wiki/Udupi" title="Udupi">Udupi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mangalore" title="Mangalore">Mangalore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kannur" title="Kannur">Kannur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kozhikode" title="Kozhikode">Kozhikode</a>, Ernakulam, Kollam and Trivandrum. There is a plan to upgrade <a href="/wiki/State_Highway_11_(Kerala)" title="State Highway 11 (Kerala)">State Highway 11</a> to a national highway in order to help connect Alappuzha to <a href="/wiki/Kodaikanal" title="Kodaikanal">Kodaikanal</a> as part of promoting the coastal-hill tourism project.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="State_highways">State highways</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: State highways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KSRTC_Bus_stand_Alappuzha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/KSRTC_Bus_stand_Alappuzha.jpg/250px-KSRTC_Bus_stand_Alappuzha.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/KSRTC_Bus_stand_Alappuzha.jpg/375px-KSRTC_Bus_stand_Alappuzha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/KSRTC_Bus_stand_Alappuzha.jpg/500px-KSRTC_Bus_stand_Alappuzha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4790" data-file-height="2113" /></a><figcaption>Alappuzha KSRTC bus station</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AC_Road_SH-11.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/AC_Road_SH-11.JPG/250px-AC_Road_SH-11.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/AC_Road_SH-11.JPG/375px-AC_Road_SH-11.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/AC_Road_SH-11.JPG/500px-AC_Road_SH-11.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2154" data-file-height="1606" /></a><figcaption>State Highway 11</figcaption></figure> <p>There are eight state highways in Alappuzha district, of which three of them originates from Alappuzha town. State Highway 11 starts from <a href="/wiki/Kalarcode" title="Kalarcode">Kalarcode</a> and ends at <a href="/wiki/Perunna" title="Perunna">Perunna</a>. This highway is locally known as AC road (Alappuzha-Changanassery road) and it covers a distance of 24.2 km. It is an important road which connects Alappuzha town with <a href="/wiki/Kottayam_district" title="Kottayam district">Kottayam district</a>. <a href="/wiki/State_Highway_40_(Kerala)" title="State Highway 40 (Kerala)">Stateway High 40</a> is an interstate highway in Alappuzha district which connects Alappuzha town with <a href="/wiki/Madurai" title="Madurai">Madurai</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>. It is the only interstate highway in Alappuzha district. <a href="/wiki/State_Highway_66_(Kerala)" title="State Highway 66 (Kerala)">State Highway 66</a> originates from Alappuzha town and terminates at <a href="/wiki/Thoppumpady" title="Thoppumpady">Thoppumpady</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are two bus terminals are situated in Alappuzha town, one for KSRTC buses (situated near state water transport corporation headquarters, boat jetty road) and the V K soman memorial municipal bus stand for private buses and interstate bound contract carriage buses (situated near Vazhicherry). KSRTC buses connect Alappuzha with, among other places, <a href="/wiki/Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangalore">Banglore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mysore" title="Mysore">Mysore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kollur,_Udupi_district" title="Kollur, Udupi district">Kollur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mangalore" title="Mangalore">Mangalore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coimbatore" title="Coimbatore">Coimbatore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trivandrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Trivandrum">Trivandrum</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thiruvalla" title="Thiruvalla">Thiruvalla</a>. <a href="/wiki/State_Express_Transport_Corporation" title="State Express Transport Corporation">SETC</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_State_Transport_Corporation" title="Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation">TNSTC</a> ply many daily services to the city. <a href="/wiki/Karnataka_State_Road_Transport_Corporation" title="Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation">Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation</a> have two daily services originating from Alappuzha.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water">Water</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Water"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The presence of a lot of backwaters and canals makes water transport a popular means of transport. <a href="/wiki/Inland_waterways_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Inland waterways of India">National Waterway-3</a> passes through Alappuzha. There is a <a href="/wiki/Kerala_State_Water_Transport_Department" title="Kerala State Water Transport Department">SWTD</a> boat jetty in the city that lies opposite to the <a href="/wiki/Kerala_State_Road_Transport_Corporation" title="Kerala State Road Transport Corporation">KSRTC</a> bus stand. It is served by boat services to Kottayam city and besides other small towns and jetties. Availing an <a href="/wiki/Kerala_State_Water_Transport_Department" title="Kerala State Water Transport Department">SWTD</a> boat is a cheaper alternative to houseboats for visiting tourists. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Public_Transport_Through_Waters_in_Kerala.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/The_Public_Transport_Through_Waters_in_Kerala.jpg/220px-The_Public_Transport_Through_Waters_in_Kerala.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/The_Public_Transport_Through_Waters_in_Kerala.jpg/330px-The_Public_Transport_Through_Waters_in_Kerala.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/The_Public_Transport_Through_Waters_in_Kerala.jpg/440px-The_Public_Transport_Through_Waters_in_Kerala.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>Public water transport organised by Kerala State Transport Agency for long-distance transport within the back waters of Kerala (India)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_railway_station" title="Alappuzha railway station">Alappuzha</a> is linked by <a href="/wiki/Ernakulam%E2%80%93Kayamkulam_coastal_railway_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Ernakulam–Kayamkulam coastal railway line">Ernakulam–Kayamkulam coastal railway line</a> and connects to cities like Trivandrum, Kollam, Cochin, <a href="/wiki/Coimbatore" title="Coimbatore">Coimbatore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bokaro_Steel_City" title="Bokaro Steel City">Bokaro</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_railway_station" title="Alappuzha railway station">railway station</a> is about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from the heart of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A total of four trains originate from Alappuzha to cities like <a href="/wiki/Kannur" title="Kannur">Kannur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dhanbad" title="Dhanbad">Dhanbad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tatanagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatanagar">Tatanagar</a>. There are a lot of local trains running throughout the day, which connect Alappuzha to other towns near by. Since Alappuzha is a prime destination, trains from important cities like <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mangalore" title="Mangalore">Mangalore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kozhikode" title="Kozhikode">Kozhikode</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amritsar" title="Amritsar">Amritsar</a> pass through this station.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Cochin_International_Airport" title="Cochin International Airport">Cochin International Airport</a>, which is 78 kilometres (48 mi) to the North, is the closest airport. <a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram_International_Airport" title="Thiruvananthapuram International Airport">Thiruvananthapuram International Airport</a>, 159 kilometres (99 mi) to the South, is the other airport that links the district with other countries. International tourists use these airports to reach Alappuzha. The other nearest airports are <a href="/wiki/Calicut" class="mw-redirect" title="Calicut">Calicut</a> (236 kilometres (147 mi)) and <a href="/wiki/Coimbatore" title="Coimbatore">Coimbatore</a> (254 kilometres (158 mi)) airports. A helipad in the town is reserved for government uses. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration_and_politics">Administration and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Administration and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin: 0 1em 0 0;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Alappuzha city officials </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/District_Collector" class="mw-redirect" title="District Collector">District Collector</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_V_Samuel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John V Samuel (page does not exist)">John V Samuel</a> IAS </td></tr> <tr> <td>Municipal chairperson </td> <td>(Mrs) jayamma <sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Superintendent_of_Police_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Superintendent of Police (India)">SP & District Police Chief</a> </td> <td>Chaitra Teresa John IPS<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7599.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7599.JPG/250px-Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7599.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7599.JPG/375px-Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7599.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7599.JPG/500px-Alappuzha_loves_Wikimedia_IMG_7599.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Alleppey Bar Association</figcaption></figure> <p>The two administrative systems prevailing in the district are <a href="/wiki/Revenue" title="Revenue">revenue</a> and <a href="/wiki/Local_self-government_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Local self-government in India">local self-government</a>. Under the revenue system, the district is divided into two revenue divisions, six <a href="/wiki/Taluks" class="mw-redirect" title="Taluks">taluks</a> and 91 villages. The two revenue divisions are Alappuzha division comprising <a href="/wiki/Cherthala" title="Cherthala">Cherthala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ambalappuzha" title="Ambalappuzha">Ambalappuzha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kuttanad" title="Kuttanad">Kuttanad</a> taluks consisting of 47 villages and <a href="/wiki/Chengannur" title="Chengannur">Chengannur</a> division comprising <a href="/wiki/Karthikapally" class="mw-redirect" title="Karthikapally">Karthikapally</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chengannur" title="Chengannur">Chengannur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a> taluks consisting of 44 villages. For census purposes, <a href="/wiki/Aroor" title="Aroor">Aroor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arookutty" title="Arookutty">Arookutty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kodamthuruth" title="Kodamthuruth">Kodamthuruth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thanneermukkom" title="Thanneermukkom">Thanneermukkom</a> Vadakku, Thaneermukkam Thekku, <a href="/wiki/Vayalar" title="Vayalar">Vayalar</a> East and <a href="/wiki/Kokkothamangalam" title="Kokkothamangalam">Kokkothamangalam</a> village, except the portions included in <a href="/wiki/Cherthala" title="Cherthala">Cherthala</a> municipality are treated in the 1981 census as census towns based on the threefold criteria adopted for treating a place as census town.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Under the local self-government system, the district is divided into five statutory towns and development blocks consisting of 71 <a href="/wiki/Panchayats" class="mw-redirect" title="Panchayats">panchayats</a>. The jurisdiction of a Development Block includes the areas falling in census towns also.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were nine <a href="/wiki/Legislature_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislature of Kerala">legislative assembly</a> segments in Alappuzha district for the <a href="/wiki/2011_Kerala_State_legislative_assembly_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Kerala State legislative assembly election">2011 Assembly elections</a>. They are <a href="/wiki/Aroor" title="Aroor">Aroor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cherthala" title="Cherthala">Cherthala</a>, Alappuzha, <a href="/wiki/Kuttanad" title="Kuttanad">Kuttanad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haripad" title="Haripad">Haripad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kayamkulam" title="Kayamkulam">Kayamkulam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chengannur" title="Chengannur">Chengannur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alappuzha assembly constituency is part of Alappuzha (Lok Sabha constituency). The other <a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a> constituency of the district is <a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table border="2"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2"><b>Parliament representatives</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Lok-Sabha constituency </th> <th>Year </th> <th>Political party </th></tr> <tr> <td>P. K. Vasudevan Nair </td> <td>Alappuzha </td> <td>1962–1977 </td> <td>Communist Party of India (as Ambalappuzha seat) </td></tr> <tr> <td>R.Achuthan </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>1962–1967 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.P. Mangalathumadom </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>1967–1971 </td> <td>Samyukta Socialist Party </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/R._Balakrishna_Pillai" title="R. Balakrishna Pillai">R. Balakrishna Pillai</a> </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>1971–1977 </td> <td>Kerala Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td>B.K. Nair </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>1977–1980 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td>Suseela Gopalan </td> <td>Alappuzha </td> <td>1980–1984 </td> <td>Communist Party of India (Marxist) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/P._J._Kurien" title="P. J. Kurien">Prof. P.J. Kurien</a> </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>1980–1984,1989-1998 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vakkom Purushotham </td> <td>Alappuzha </td> <td>1984–1991 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thampan_Thomas" title="Thampan Thomas">Thampan Thomas</a> </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>1984–1989 </td> <td>Janata Party </td></tr> <tr> <td>T. J. Anjalose </td> <td>Alappuzha </td> <td>1991–1996 </td> <td>Communist Party of India (Marxist) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramesh_Chennithala" title="Ramesh Chennithala">Ramesh Chennithala</a> </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>1999–2004 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C._S._Sujatha" title="C. S. Sujatha">C.S. Sujatha</a> </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>2004–2009 </td> <td>Communist Party of India (Marxist) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/V._M._Sudheeran" title="V. M. Sudheeran">V.M Sudheeran</a> </td> <td>Alappuzha </td> <td>1977–1980, 1996–2004 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/K._S._Manoj" title="K. S. Manoj">Dr. K.S Manoj</a> </td> <td>Alappuzha </td> <td>2004–2009 </td> <td>Communist Party Of India (Marxist) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/K._C._Venugopal" title="K. C. Venugopal">K.C Venugopal MP</a> </td> <td>Alappuzha </td> <td>2009- 2014 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kodikunnil_Suresh" title="Kodikunnil Suresh">Kodikunnil Suresh</a> MP </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>2009-2014 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/K._C._Venugopal" title="K. C. Venugopal">K.C Venugopal MP</a> </td> <td>Alappuzha </td> <td>2009- 2014 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kodikunnil_Suresh" title="Kodikunnil Suresh">Kodikunnil Suresh</a> MP </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>2009-2014 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/K._C._Venugopal" title="K. C. Venugopal">K.C Venugopal MP</a> </td> <td>Alappuzha </td> <td>2014- 2019 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kodikunnil_Suresh" title="Kodikunnil Suresh">Kodikunnil Suresh</a> MP </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>2014-2019 </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/A._M._Ariff" title="A. M. Ariff">A. M. Ariff</a> </td> <td>Alappuzha </td> <td>2019- </td> <td>Communist Party of India (Marxist) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kodikunnil_Suresh" title="Kodikunnil Suresh">Kodikunnil Suresh</a> MP </td> <td>Mavelikara </td> <td>2019- </td> <td>Indian National Congress </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Joseph%27s_College_for_Women_Alappuzha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/St._Joseph%27s_College_for_Women_Alappuzha.jpg/220px-St._Joseph%27s_College_for_Women_Alappuzha.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/St._Joseph%27s_College_for_Women_Alappuzha.jpg/330px-St._Joseph%27s_College_for_Women_Alappuzha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/St._Joseph%27s_College_for_Women_Alappuzha.jpg/440px-St._Joseph%27s_College_for_Women_Alappuzha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph%27s_College_for_Women,_Alappuzha" title="St. Joseph's College for Women, Alappuzha">St. Joseph's College for Women, Alappuzha</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alappuzha_Medical_College.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Alappuzha_Medical_College.jpg/220px-Alappuzha_Medical_College.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Alappuzha_Medical_College.jpg/330px-Alappuzha_Medical_College.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Alappuzha_Medical_College.jpg/440px-Alappuzha_Medical_College.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="958" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Government_T._D._Medical_College,_Alappuzha" class="mw-redirect" title="Government T. D. Medical College, Alappuzha">Government T. D. Medical College, Alappuzha</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leo_XIII_HSS,_Alappuzha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Leo_XIII_HSS%2C_Alappuzha.jpg/220px-Leo_XIII_HSS%2C_Alappuzha.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Leo_XIII_HSS%2C_Alappuzha.jpg/330px-Leo_XIII_HSS%2C_Alappuzha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Leo_XIII_HSS%2C_Alappuzha.jpg/440px-Leo_XIII_HSS%2C_Alappuzha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Leo XIII HSS, Alappuzha</figcaption></figure> <p>There are schools, computer institutes and colleges all over the district, with nine training schools, 405 lower primary schools, 105 high schools and 87 higher secondary schools.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first school in Alappuzha, the <a href="/wiki/Church_Missionary_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Church Missionary Society">Church Missionary Society</a> (CMS) School, was established in 1816. The school was established by the Rev. Thomas Norton, the first CMS missionary to India. The school is run by the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_South_India" title="Church of South India">CSI</a> Christ Church, Alappuzha. The first higher secondary school in Alappuzha was the Leo XIIIth Higher Secondary School, which was opened on 1 June 1889 by Portuguese Bishop <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Gomes_Pereira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Gomes Pereira (page does not exist)">John Gomes Pereira</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cochin" class="mw-redirect" title="Cochin">Cochin</a>. The first polytechnic college in Alappuzha was the Carmel Polytechnic College, established by Fr. Gilbert Palaekunnel and it is managed by CMI Congregation. Carmel is the academically top-ranked polytechnic in the state still.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cemp2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Cemp2.jpg/220px-Cemp2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Cemp2.jpg/330px-Cemp2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Cemp2.jpg/440px-Cemp2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/College_of_Engineering_and_Management,_Punnapra" title="College of Engineering and Management, Punnapra">College of Engineering and Management, Punnapra</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Colleges in Alappuzha offer both <a href="/wiki/Graduate_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Graduate school">graduate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Postgraduate" class="mw-redirect" title="Postgraduate">postgraduate</a> courses for their students.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_college_institutes">Major college institutes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Major college institutes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Engineering,_Cherthala" title="College of Engineering, Cherthala">College of Engineering, Cherthala</a><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochin_University_College_of_Engineering_Kuttanad" title="Cochin University College of Engineering Kuttanad">Cochin University College of Engineering Kuttanad</a><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanatana_Dharma_College" title="Sanatana Dharma College">Sanatana Dharma College</a><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._D._V._College_of_Arts_and_Applied_Science" title="S. D. V. College of Arts and Applied Science">S. D. V. College of Arts and Applied Science</a><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sree_Narayana_College,_Cherthala" title="Sree Narayana College, Cherthala">Sree Narayana College Cherthala-SN College Kanjikkuzhy</a><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N.S.S._College,_Cherthala" title="N.S.S. College, Cherthala">N.S.S. College, Cherthala</a><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Government College, Ambalappuzha<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Engineering_and_Management,_Punnapra" title="College of Engineering and Management, Punnapra">College of Engineering and Management, Punnapra</a><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Gregorios_College_Punnapra" title="Mar Gregorios College Punnapra">Mar Gregorios College Punnapra</a><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Engineering_Chengannur" title="College of Engineering Chengannur">College of Engineering Chengannur</a><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>College of Applied Sciences, Mavelikkara<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carmel_College_of_Engineering_and_Technology_Alappuzha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carmel College of Engineering and Technology Alappuzha (page does not exist)">Carmel College of Engineering and Technology Alappuzha</a><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_T_D_Medical_College,_Alappuzha" title="Government T D Medical College, Alappuzha">Government T D Medical College, Alappuzha</a><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph%27s_College_for_Women,_Alappuzha" title="St. Joseph's College for Women, Alappuzha">St Joseph's College for Women, Alappuzha</a><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Michael%27s_College,_Cherthala" title="St. Michael's College, Cherthala">St Michael's College, Cherthala</a><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._K._Madhava_Memorial_College" title="T. K. Madhava Memorial College">T. K. Madhava Memorial College</a><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Aloysius_College,_Edathua" title="St. Aloysius College, Edathua">St. Aloysius College Edathua</a><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Moore_College" title="Bishop Moore College">Bishop Moore College</a> Mavelikkara</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milad-E-Sherief_Memorial_College,_Kayamkulam" title="Milad-E-Sherief Memorial College, Kayamkulam">Milad-E-Sherief Memorial College, Kayamkulam</a> (MSM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_College,_Chengannur" title="Christian College, Chengannur">Christian College, Chengannur</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religious_buildings_and_shrines">Religious buildings and shrines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Religious buildings and shrines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mar_Sleeva_Forane_Church.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mar_Sleeva_Forane_Church.jpg/220px-Mar_Sleeva_Forane_Church.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="391" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mar_Sleeva_Forane_Church.jpg/330px-Mar_Sleeva_Forane_Church.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mar_Sleeva_Forane_Church.jpg/440px-Mar_Sleeva_Forane_Church.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2236" data-file-height="3975" /></a><figcaption>Mar Sleeva Forane Church</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hindu_temples_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)"><span id="Hindu_temples_in_Alappuzha_.28Alleppey.29"></span>Hindu temples in Alappuzha (Alleppey)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Hindu temples in Alappuzha (Alleppey)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambalappuzha_Sree_Krishna_Swamy_Temple" title="Ambalappuzha Sree Krishna Swamy Temple">Ambalappuzha Sree Krishna Swamy Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anandeshwaram_Mahadeva_Temple" title="Anandeshwaram Mahadeva Temple">Anandeshwaram Mahadeva Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakkulathukavu_Temple" title="Chakkulathukavu Temple">Chakkulathukavu Temple</a> (Bhagavathy Temple)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chettikulangara_Devi_Temple" title="Chettikulangara Devi Temple">Chettikulangara Devi Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengannur_Mahadeva_Temple" title="Chengannur Mahadeva Temple">Chengannur Mahadeva Temple</a></li> <li>Cheriyanad Sree Balasubrahmanya Swami Temple</li> <li>Chunakkara Thiruvairoor Mahadevar Temple</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haripad_Sree_Subrahmanya_Swamy_Temple" title="Haripad Sree Subrahmanya Swamy Temple">Haripad Sree Subrahmanya Swamy Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karthyayani_Devi_Temple,_Cherthala" title="Karthyayani Devi Temple, Cherthala">Kanichukulangara Devi Temple</a></li> <li>Kuttikattu Sree Bhadra Kali Devi Temple</li> <li>Karthyayani Devi Temple, Cherthala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandiyoor_Sree_Mahadeva_Temple" title="Kandiyoor Sree Mahadeva Temple">Kandiyoor Sree Mahadeva Temple</a>, Mavelikkara</li> <li>Karayamvattam Hanuman Temple</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannarasala_Temple" title="Mannarasala Temple">Mannarasala Temple</a> (Sree Nagaraja Temple)</li> <li>Maruthorvattom Sri Dhanwanthari Temple, Cherthala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullakkal_Temple" title="Mullakkal Temple">Mullakkal Rajarajeswari Temple</a></li> <li>Mavelikara Sree Krishna Swamy Temple</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padanilam_Parabrahma_Temple" title="Padanilam Parabrahma Temple">Padanilam Parabrahma Temple</a>, Nooranad</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puliyur_Mahavishnu_Temple" title="Puliyur Mahavishnu Temple">Thripuliyoor Mahavishnu Temple</a></li> <li>Thrikkunnappuzha Sree Dharmasastha Temple</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrichittatt_Maha_Vishnu_Temple" title="Thrichittatt Maha Vishnu Temple">Thrichittatt Maha Vishnu Temple</a></li> <li>Thuravoor Mahakshetram</li> <li>Thiruvizha Mahadeva Temple, Cherthala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valiyakulangara_Devi_Temple" title="Valiyakulangara Devi Temple">Valiyakulangara Devi Temple</a>, Karthikappally</li> <li>Vettikodu Sri Nagararaja Temple, <a href="/wiki/Kayamkulam" title="Kayamkulam">kayamkulam</a></li> <li>Mararikulam Sree Mahadeva Temple</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Christian_churches_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)"><span id="Christian_churches_in_Alappuzha_.28Alleppey.29"></span>Christian churches in Alappuzha (Alleppey)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Christian churches in Alappuzha (Alleppey)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Andrew%27s_Basilica,_Arthunkal" title="St. Andrew's Basilica, Arthunkal">St Andrew's Basilica, Arthunkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._George_Forane_Church,_Edathua" title="St. George Forane Church, Edathua">St. George/Paul Forane Church</a></li> <li>Basilica of St Mary, Champakulam (Chambakulam kalloorkadu Basilica)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_Church,_Thumpoly" title="St. Thomas Church, Thumpoly">St Thomas Church, Thumpoly</a> (Thumpoly pally)</li> <li>Our Lady of Assumption Church, Poomkavu</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Forane_Church,_Pulinkunnoo" title="St. Mary's Forane Church, Pulinkunnoo">St. Mary's Forane Church, Pulinkunnoo</a></li> <li>St Mary's Forane Church, Thankey</li> <li>St Mary's Forane Church, Pallipuram</li> <li>Mount Carmel Cathedral Church, Alappuzha</li> <li>St Thomas Orthodox Cathedral, <a href="/wiki/Karthikappally" title="Karthikappally">Karthikappally</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muslim_mosques_in_Alappuzha_(Alleppey)"><span id="Muslim_mosques_in_Alappuzha_.28Alleppey.29"></span>Muslim mosques in Alappuzha (Alleppey)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Muslim mosques in Alappuzha (Alleppey)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maqam_Masjid" title="Maqam Masjid">Maqam Masjid</a>, civil station ward, Alappuzha.<sup id="cite_ref-sunni_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sunni-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saukar_Masjid" title="Saukar Masjid">Saukar Masjid</a>, a mosque built in 1850.<sup id="cite_ref-News18_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-News18-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Makidusha Jumah Masjid Alappy</li> <li>Kizhake Masthan Jumah Masjid</li> <li>Padinjaare Jumah Masjid</li> <li>Thekke Jumah Masjid</li> <li>Kadhar Ali Bava Thykaav Dargah</li> <li>Purakkad Mosque Dargah</li> <li>Zilla Court Jumah Makidusha</li> <li>Kakkazhom Jumah Masjid</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nehru_Trophy_Boat_Race_2012_7791.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nehru_Trophy_Boat_Race_2012_7791.JPG/250px-Nehru_Trophy_Boat_Race_2012_7791.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nehru_Trophy_Boat_Race_2012_7791.JPG/375px-Nehru_Trophy_Boat_Race_2012_7791.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nehru_Trophy_Boat_Race_2012_7791.JPG/500px-Nehru_Trophy_Boat_Race_2012_7791.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2501" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Nehru_Trophy_Boat_Race" title="Nehru Trophy Boat Race">Nehru Trophy Boat Race</a> is a popular sport held in the Punnamada Lake near Alappuzha</figcaption></figure> <p>Alappuzha is globally famous for snake boat races, especially the Nehru Trophy Boat Race held in the <a href="/wiki/Punnamada_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Punnamada Lake">Punnamada Lake</a> near Alappuzha. In 1952, when <a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a>, the first prime minister of India, visited Kerala, the people of Alleppey decided to give a special entertainment for their prestigious guest and conducted a snake boat race. Nehru got so excited by this event and he jumped into 'Nadubhagam Chundan' (a snake boat), ignoring the security officials. By this excitement of sailing in a snake boat he donated a rolling trophy to be awarded to the winner of the race. Other than this snake boat race <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a>, <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rowing" title="Rowing">rowing</a> are among the most popular sports in town. In 2015, the <a href="/wiki/Kerala_Cricket_Association" title="Kerala Cricket Association">Kerala Cricket Association</a> inaugurated the <a href="/wiki/KCA_Cricket_Stadium_Alappuzha" class="mw-redirect" title="KCA Cricket Stadium Alappuzha">KCA Cricket Stadium Alappuzha</a>, which is an A-class cricket stadium.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another stadium named as EMS Stadium or municipal stadium is under construction as of 2021. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a more comprehensive list, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Alappuzha" title="List of people from Alappuzha">List of people from Alappuzha</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Alumni plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's list of residents <b>may not follow Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifiability</a> policy</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit">improve this article</a> by removing names that do not have independent <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a> showing they merit inclusion in this article AND are residents, or by incorporating the relevant publications into the body of the article through appropriate <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thakazhi_Sivasankara_Pillai" title="Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai">Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai</a> - Novelist and short story writer, recipient of India's highest literary award, the Jnanpith.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vayalar_Ramavarma" title="Vayalar Ramavarma">Vayalar Ramavarma</a> - Malayalam poet and film lyricist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arattupuzha_Velayudha_Panicker" title="Arattupuzha Velayudha Panicker">Arattupuzha Velayudha Panicker</a> - Social reformer in <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._K._Sanu" title="M. K. Sanu">M. K. Sanu</a> – writer, critic and social activist, a permanent member of the International body for Human rights</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irayimman_Thampi" title="Irayimman Thampi">Irayimman Thampi</a> - Carnatic musician as well as a music composer from Kerala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavalam_Narayana_Panicker" title="Kavalam Narayana Panicker">Kavalam Narayana Panicker</a> - director, poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._D._Shibulal" title="S. D. Shibulal">S. D. Shibulal</a> - chief executive officer and managing director of <a href="/wiki/Infosys" title="Infosys">Infosys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karunakara_Guru" title="Karunakara Guru">Navajyothi Sree Karunakara Guru</a> - Founder of <a href="/wiki/Santhigiri_Ashram" class="mw-redirect" title="Santhigiri Ashram">Santhigiri Ashram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Puthur" title="Ganesh Puthur">Ganesh Puthur</a> - Writer, Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award Winner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._S._Karthikeyan" title="P. S. Karthikeyan">P. S. Karthikeyan</a> - Former Secretary, S. N. Trust, former Director of <a href="/wiki/SNDP" class="mw-redirect" title="SNDP">SNDP</a> Yogam, former Member of the Legislative Assembly (Aroor), Chief Editor of Dinamani daily</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Narayana_Kurup" title="P. Narayana Kurup">P. Narayana Kurup</a> - Malayalam Poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_J._Kaimaparamban" title="Joy J. Kaimaparamban">Joy J. Kaimaparamban</a> - English and Malayalam author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itty_Achudan" title="Itty Achudan">Itty Achudan</a> - the major contributor of ethno-medical information for the compilation of <a href="/wiki/Hortus_Malabaricus" title="Hortus Malabaricus">Hortus Malabaricus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanour_Sinclair_Rohde" title="Eleanour Sinclair Rohde">Eleanour Sinclair Rohde</a> - British gardener and writer on horticulture</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._P._Sivakumar" title="V. P. Sivakumar">V. P. Sivakumar</a> - short story writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._T._Ravikumar" title="C. T. Ravikumar">Justice C.T.Ravikumar</a> - Supreme Court Judge.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._G._Sreekumar" title="M. G. Sreekumar">M. G. Sreekumar</a> - Musician, singer and music director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vayalar_Sarath_Chandra_Varma" title="Vayalar Sarath Chandra Varma">Vayalar Sarath Chandra Varma</a> - Poet and lyricist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavalam_Sreekumar" title="Kavalam Sreekumar">Kavalam Sreekumar</a> - Classical musician, playback singer, composer</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedumudi_Harikumar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nedumudi Harikumar (page does not exist)">Nedumudi Harikumar</a> - Poet, Writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajeev_Alunkal" title="Rajeev Alunkal">Rajeev Alunkal</a> - lyricist, poet and orator</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karunakara_Guru" title="Karunakara Guru">Karunakara Guru</a> - founder of Santhigiri Ashramam</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palackal_Thoma_Malpan" class="mw-redirect" title="Palackal Thoma Malpan">Palackal Thoma Malpan</a> - founder of the <a href="/wiki/Carmelites_of_Mary_Immaculate" title="Carmelites of Mary Immaculate">Carmelites of Mary Immaculate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mgr._Joseph_C._Panjikaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Mgr. Joseph C. Panjikaran">Mgr. Joseph C. Panjikaran</a> - founder of the Medical Sisters of St. Joseph</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_Theodore" title="Antony Theodore">Antony Theodore</a> - Christian educator, poet, social worker</li> <li>Saint <a href="/wiki/Kuriakose_Elias_Chavara" title="Kuriakose Elias Chavara">Kuriakose Elias Chavara</a> - Christian saint</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A._K._Antony" title="A. K. Antony">A. K. Antony</a> - three times Chief Minister of Kerala in <a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Front_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="United Democratic Front (India)">UDF</a> Ministry, former Indian Defence Minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._S._Achuthanandan" title="V. S. Achuthanandan">V. S. Achuthanandan</a> - former chief minister of Kerala and one of the most senior communist politicians of India</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesh_Chennithala" title="Ramesh Chennithala">Ramesh Chennithala</a> - former Home Minister and Former Leader of the opposition of Kerala, current legislative assembly member of Haripad constituency.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susheela_Gopalan" title="Susheela Gopalan">Suseela Gopalan</a>- Former Kerala Industries Minister and Communist Leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._R._Gowri" class="mw-redirect" title="K. R. Gowri">K. R. Gowri</a> - Revenue Minister in first Kerala <a href="/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front_(Kerala)" class="mw-redirect" title="Left Democratic Front (Kerala)">LDF</a> ministry, initiated the <a href="/wiki/Land_reforms" class="mw-redirect" title="Land reforms">land reforms</a> in Kerala, Agriculture minister in Kerala UDF Ministry</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vayalar_Ravi" title="Vayalar Ravi">Vayalar Ravi</a> - former Home minister of Kerala in UDF Ministry, former Union Cabinet Minister of Overseas Indian Affairs and Minister for Parliamentary Affairs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._K._Chandrappan" title="C. K. Chandrappan">C. K. Chandrappan</a> - communist leader and former Member of Parliament</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Ramachandran_Pillai" title="S. Ramachandran Pillai">S. Ramachandran Pillai</a> - Politburo member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and General Secretary of All India Kisan Sabha (Peasants Union)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Sudhakaran" title="G. Sudhakaran">G. Sudhakaran</a> - member of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist)</a> and former PWD minister of Kerala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Parameswaran" title="P. Parameswaran">P. Parameswaran</a> - Director of Bharatheeya Vichara Kendram; philosopher</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cinema">Cinema</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Cinema"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sreekumaran_Thampi" title="Sreekumaran Thampi">Sreekumaran Thampi</a> - lyricist, director, producer and screenwriter in Malayalam cinema</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jomon_T._John" title="Jomon T. John">Jomon T. John</a> - Indian cinematographer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratheesh" title="Ratheesh">Ratheesh</a> - Malayalam film actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunchacko" title="Kunchacko">Kunchacko</a> - Indian film producer and director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedumudi_Venu" title="Nedumudi Venu">Nedumudi Venu</a> - Malayalam film actor.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazil_(director)" title="Fazil (director)">Fazil</a> - Malayalam film director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunchacko_Boban" title="Kunchacko Boban">Kunchacko Boban</a> - Malayalam film actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riaz_M_T" class="mw-redirect" title="Riaz M T">Riaz M T</a> - Malayalam film actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahadh_Faasil" title="Fahadh Faasil">Fahadh Faasil</a> - Malayalam film actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannatha_Varma" title="Jagannatha Varma">Jagannatha Varma</a> - Kathakali artist, actor in Malayalam film and serial</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashokan_(actor)" title="Ashokan (actor)">Ashokan</a> - Malayalam film actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajan_P._Dev" title="Rajan P. Dev">Rajan P. Dev</a> – Malayalam film actor and drama/theatre person</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._L._Puram_Sadanandan" title="S. L. Puram Sadanandan">S. L. Puram Sadanandan</a> - Malayalam playwright and film scriptwriter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelangatt_Gopalakrishnan" title="Chelangatt Gopalakrishnan">Chelangatt Gopalakrishnan</a> - writer and film critic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radhika_(Malayalam_actress)" title="Radhika (Malayalam actress)">Radhika (Malayalam actress)</a> - Malayalam film actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navodaya_Appachan" title="Navodaya Appachan">Navodaya Appachan</a> - Malayalam movie producer and businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jijo_Punnoose" title="Jijo Punnoose">Jijo Punnoose</a> - film director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmarajan" title="Padmarajan">Padmarajan</a> - film director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narendra_Prasad" title="Narendra Prasad">Narendra Prasad</a> - film actor, writer and critic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KPAC_Lalitha" class="mw-redirect" title="KPAC Lalitha">KPAC Lalitha</a> - Malayalam film actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beeyar_Prasad" title="Beeyar Prasad">Beeyar Prasad</a> - Indian Malayalam lyricist and poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhu_Muttom" class="mw-redirect" title="Madhu Muttom">Madhu Muttom</a> - Screenwriter of <a href="/wiki/Manichitrathazhu" title="Manichitrathazhu">Manichitrathazhu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kakkothikkavile_Appooppan_Thaadikal" title="Kakkothikkavile Appooppan Thaadikal">Kakkothikkavile Appooppan Thaadikal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Ruth_Prabhu" title="Samantha Ruth Prabhu">Samantha Ruth Prabhu</a>- Actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navya_Nair" title="Navya Nair">Navya Nair</a> - Actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._G._Sreekumar" title="M. G. Sreekumar">MG Sreekumar</a> - Playback Singer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prasanth_Parameswaran" title="Prasanth Parameswaran">Prasanth Parameswaran</a> - Kerala first class cricketer (<a href="/wiki/Indian_Premier_League" title="Indian Premier League">Indian Premier League</a> and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Challengers_Bangalore" title="Royal Challengers Bangalore">Royal Challengers Bangalore</a> player)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saji_Thomas" title="Saji Thomas">Saji Thomas</a> - sportsman and Arjuna awardee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Udayakumar" title="K. Udayakumar">K. Udayakumar</a> - <a href="/wiki/India_men%27s_national_volleyball_team" title="India men's national volleyball team">India men's national volleyball</a> Player, <a href="/wiki/Arjuna_Award" title="Arjuna Award">Arjuna Awardee</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_East" title="Alappuzha East">Alappuzha East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_West" title="Alappuzha West">Alappuzha West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_Lighthouse" title="Alappuzha Lighthouse">Alappuzha Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_Beach" title="Alappuzha Beach">Alappuzha Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernakulam-Kayamkulam_coastal_railway_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Ernakulam-Kayamkulam coastal railway line">Ernakulam-Kayamkulam coastal railway line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KCA_Cricket_Stadium,_Alappuzha" class="mw-redirect" title="KCA Cricket Stadium, Alappuzha">KCA Cricket Stadium, Alappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Alappuzha" title="List of people from Alappuzha">List of people from Alappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_Higher_Secondary_School,_Cherthala" title="Technical Higher Secondary School, Cherthala">Technical Higher Secondary School, Cherthala</a>, Pallippuram</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travancore_Labour_Association" title="Travancore Labour Association">Travancore Labour Association</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-auto-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://lsgkerala.gov.in/system/files/2017-10/localbodies.pdf">https://lsgkerala.gov.in/system/files/2017-10/localbodies.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040225054758/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999">"Table - 3 : Population, population in the age group 0-6 and literates by sex - Cities/Towns (in alphabetic order): 2001"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999">the original</a> on 25 February 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table+-+3+%3A+Population%2C+population+in+the+age+group+0-6+and+literates+by+sex+-+Cities%2FTowns+%28in+alphabetic+order%29%3A+2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.net%2Fresults%2Ftown.php%3Fstad%3DA%26state5%3D999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citypopulation.de/en/india/kerala/3211__alappuzha/">"Cities and Towns in Alappuzha (Kerala, India) - Population Statistics, Charts"</a>. <i>www.citypopulation.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.citypopulation.de&rft.atitle=Cities+and+Towns+in+Alappuzha+%28Kerala%2C+India%29+-+Population+Statistics%2C+Charts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.citypopulation.de%2Fen%2Findia%2Fkerala%2F3211__alappuzha%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lawsofindia.org/pdf/kerala/1969/1969KERALA7.pdf">"The Kerala Official Language (Legislation) Act, 1969"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Kerala+Official+Language+%28Legislation%29+Act%2C+1969&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lawsofindia.org%2Fpdf%2Fkerala%2F1969%2F1969KERALA7.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alappuzha.nic.in/en/history/#:~:text=History%20says%20Alappuzha%20had%20trade,per%20GO(P)%20No">"History | District Alappuzha, Government of Kerala | India"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+%7C+District+Alappuzha%2C+Government+of+Kerala+%7C+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Falappuzha.nic.in%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Nehru Trophy Boat Race.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718024917/http://nehrutrophy.nic.in/new/home.html">"The History of NTBR ::::"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nehrutrophy.nic.in/new/home.html">the original</a> on 18 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiantrains.org/station-details/?code%3DALLP%26name%3DALLEPPEY">the original</a> on 6 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-06-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indian+Trains%3A+ALLEPPEY+%28ALLP%29+Railway+Station+Details&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiantrains.org%2Fstation-details%2F%3Fcode%253DALLP%2526name%253DALLEPPEY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span>"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721162743/http://www.alappuzha.nic.in/alp_muncpl_chrmns.htm">"Official Web Site of Alappuzha, Kerala, India"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alappuzha.nic.in/alp_muncpl_chrmns.htm">the original</a> on 21 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Web+Site+of+Alappuzha%2C+Kerala%2C+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alappuzha.nic.in%2Falp_muncpl_chrmns.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110807061530/http://alappuzha.nic.in/ele2009_phone.htm">"Election 2009 - Alappuzha District, Kerala State, India - Observers"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alappuzha.nic.in/ele2009_phone.htm">the original</a> on 7 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Election+2009+-+Alappuzha+District%2C+Kerala+State%2C+India+-+Observers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Falappuzha.nic.in%2Fele2009_phone.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721162712/http://www.alappuzha.nic.in/admin.htm">"Official Web Site of Alappuzha, Kerala, India"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alappuzha.nic.in/admin.htm">the original</a> on 21 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Web+Site+of+Alappuzha%2C+Kerala%2C+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alappuzha.nic.in%2Fadmin.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKerala_Legislature" class="citation web cs1">Kerala Legislature. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/members.htm">"Niyamsabha official site"</a>. Niyamasabha.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Niyamsabha+official+site&rft.pub=Niyamasabha.org&rft.au=Kerala+Legislature&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.niyamasabha.org%2Fcodes%2Fmembers.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718054105/http://eci.nic.in/archive/se2001/background/S11/KL_Dist_PC_AC.pdf">"constituency"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/archive/se2001/background/S11/KL_Dist_PC_AC.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=constituency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Farchive%2Fse2001%2Fbackground%2FS11%2FKL_Dist_PC_AC.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"education in Alappuzha <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110807061328/http://alappuzha.nic.in/dept.htm">"Official WEBSITE of Alappuzha, Kerala, India - Education Department"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alappuzha.nic.in/dept.htm">the original</a> on 7 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-06-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+WEBSITE+of+Alappuzha%2C+Kerala%2C+India+-+Education+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Falappuzha.nic.in%2Fdept.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span>"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Leo 13 school <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120426064244/http://alleppeydiocesanschools.org/php/schoolsDetails.php?sId=1&linkid=21&type=H">"Higher Secondary Schools"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alleppeydiocesanschools.org/php/schoolsDetails.php?sId%3D1%26linkid%3D21%26type%3DH">the original</a> on 26 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-06-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Higher+Secondary+Schools&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Falleppeydiocesanschools.org%2Fphp%2FschoolsDetails.php%3FsId%253D1%2526linkid%253D21%2526type%253DH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span>"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"colleges in Alappuzha <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110807061232/http://alappuzha.nic.in/college.htm">"Official WEBSITE of Alappuzha, Kerala, India - Colleges of Alappuzha"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alappuzha.nic.in/college.htm">the original</a> on 7 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-06-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+WEBSITE+of+Alappuzha%2C+Kerala%2C+India+-+Colleges+of+Alappuzha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Falappuzha.nic.in%2Fcollege.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span>"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cectl.ac.in/">"College of Engineering, Cherthala"</a>. Cectl.ac.in<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=College+of+Engineering%2C+Cherthala&rft.pub=Cectl.ac.in&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cectl.ac.in%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220094858/http://cusat.ac.in/dept.php?deptcode=cucek">"Official website of Cochin University of Science and Technology"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cusat.ac.in/dept.php?deptcode=cucek">the original</a> on 20 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+website+of+Cochin+University+of+Science+and+Technology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcusat.ac.in%2Fdept.php%3Fdeptcode%3Dcucek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sdcollege.in">"Welcome - Sanatana Dharma College"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Welcome+-+Sanatana+Dharma+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sdcollege.in&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sdvcollege.in">"Welcome: S. D. V. College of Arts and Applied Science"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Welcome%3A+S.+D.+V.+College+of+Arts+and+Applied+Science&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sdvcollege.in&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160222082800/http://www.sncollegecherthala.in/">"SN COLLEGE CHERTHALA"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sncollegecherthala.in/">the original</a> on 22 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Government+College%2C+Ambalapuzha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ambalapuzhagc.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cempunnapra.org">"CEM Punnapra"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stjosephcollegeforwomen.com/">the original</a> on 9 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SJCW&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stjosephcollegeforwomen.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">SMC <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527094214/http://www.keralauniversity.edu/stmicheals.htm">"St. Michael's College, Cherthala"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.keralauniversity.edu/stmicheals.htm">the original</a> on 27 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Michael%27s+College%2C+Cherthala&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.keralauniversity.edu%2Fstmicheals.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110926212337/http://www.keralauniversity.edu/tkmadava.htm">"T.K. Madhava Memorial College, Nangiarkulangara"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.keralauniversity.edu/tkmadava.htm">the original</a> on 26 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=T.K.+Madhava+Memorial+College%2C+Nangiarkulangara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.keralauniversity.edu%2Ftkmadava.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130829023214/http://www.aloysiuscollege.org/">"St Aloysius"</a>. Aloysiuscollege.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aloysiuscollege.org/">the original</a> on 29 August 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St+Aloysius&rft.pub=Aloysiuscollege.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aloysiuscollege.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sunni-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sunni_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSUNNIVOICE2021" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">SUNNIVOICE (31 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunnivoice.net/%e0%b4%86%e0%b4%b2%e0%b4%aa%e0%b5%8d%e0%b4%aa%e0%b5%81%e0%b4%b4-%e0%b4%95%e0%b4%a8%e0%b4%be%e0%b5%bd-%e0%b4%95%e0%b4%b0%e0%b4%95%e0%b4%b3%e0%b4%bf%e0%b4%b2%e0%b5%86-%e0%b4%aa%e0%b5%88%e0%b4%a4/">"ആലപ്പുഴ: കനാൽ കരകളിലെ പൈതൃകക്കാഴ്ചകൾ"</a> (in Malayalam)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B4%3A+%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BD+%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86+%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE&rft.date=2021-12-31&rft.au=SUNNIVOICE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsunnivoice.net%2F%25e0%25b4%2586%25e0%25b4%25b2%25e0%25b4%25aa%25e0%25b5%258d%25e0%25b4%25aa%25e0%25b5%2581%25e0%25b4%25b4-%25e0%25b4%2595%25e0%25b4%25a8%25e0%25b4%25be%25e0%25b5%25bd-%25e0%25b4%2595%25e0%25b4%25b0%25e0%25b4%2595%25e0%25b4%25b3%25e0%25b4%25bf%25e0%25b4%25b2%25e0%25b5%2586-%25e0%25b4%25aa%25e0%25b5%2588%25e0%25b4%25a4%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-News18-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-News18_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://malayalam.news18.com/news/alappuzha/sawker-masjid-timeless-beacon-of-spiritual-heritage-in-alappuzha-local18-649587.html">"ആലപ്പുഴ പൈതൃകപദ്ധതിയിൽ മുഖംമിനുക്കി ' സൗക്കാർ മസ്ജിദ് '<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>News18 മലയാളം</i> (in Malayalam). 14 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=News18+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%82&rft.atitle=%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B4+%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF+%27+%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC+%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D+%27&rft.date=2024-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmalayalam.news18.com%2Fnews%2Falappuzha%2Fsawker-masjid-timeless-beacon-of-spiritual-heritage-in-alappuzha-local18-649587.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.keralacricketassociation.com/Alappuzha-cg">"SD College- KCA Cricket Ground- Alapuzha"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SD+College-+KCA+Cricket+Ground-+Alapuzha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.keralacricketassociation.com%2FAlappuzha-cg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlappuzha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alappuzha&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585026#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585026#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585026#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/147975789">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdcw6YJGyBFWRPW36dPcP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4373322-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2008028646">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alappuzha_district" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alappuzha_district" title="Template:Alappuzha district"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alappuzha_district" title="Template talk:Alappuzha district"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alappuzha_district" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alappuzha district"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Alappuzha_district" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_district" title="Alappuzha district">Alappuzha district</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Cities and towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambalappuzha" title="Ambalappuzha">Ambalappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arookutty" title="Arookutty">Arookutty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aroor" title="Aroor">Aroor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengannur" title="Chengannur">Chengannur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherthala" title="Cherthala">Cherthala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chettikulangara" title="Chettikulangara">Chettikulangara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edathua" title="Edathua">Edathua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haripad" title="Haripad">Haripad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanjikkuzhi" title="Kanjikkuzhi">Kanjikkuzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayamkulam" title="Kayamkulam">Kayamkulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokkothamangalam" title="Kokkothamangalam">Kokkothamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komalapuram" title="Komalapuram">Komalapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkombu" title="Monkombu">Mankombu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannar,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Mannar, India">Mannar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mararikulam" title="Mararikulam">Mararikulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhamma" title="Muhamma">Muhamma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulinkunnu" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulinkunnu">Pulinkunnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poochakkal" title="Poochakkal">Poochakkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padanilam" title="Padanilam">Padanilam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takazhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Takazhi">Takazhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallikunnam" title="Vallikunnam">Vallikunnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Blocks and Panchayats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ambalappuzha</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambalappuzha_(North)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambalappuzha (North)">Ambalappuzha (North)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambalappuzha_(South)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambalappuzha (South)">Ambalappuzha (South)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punnapra_(North)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punnapra (North)">Punnapra (North)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punnapra_(South)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punnapra (South)">Punnapra (South)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purakkad" title="Purakkad">Purakkad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aryad</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aryad" title="Aryad">Aryad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannanchery" class="mw-redirect" title="Mannanchery">Mannanchery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mararikkulam_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Mararikkulam South">Mararikkulam South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhamma" title="Muhamma">Muhamma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bharanicavu</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharanikkavu" title="Bharanikkavu">Bharanikkavu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chunakkara" title="Chunakkara">Chunakkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara_Thamarakkulam" class="mw-redirect" title="Mavelikkara Thamarakkulam">Mavelikkara Thamarakkulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nooranad" title="Nooranad">Nooranad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palamel" title="Palamel">Palamel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallikunnam" title="Vallikunnam">Vallikunnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Champakulam</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Champakkulam" class="mw-redirect" title="Champakkulam">Champakkulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edathua" title="Edathua">Edathua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kainakary" title="Kainakary">Kainakary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedumudi" title="Nedumudi">Nedumudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thakazhy" title="Thakazhy">Thakazhy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalavadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Thalavadi">Thalavadi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chengannur</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ala,_Alappuzha" title="Ala, Alappuzha">Ala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budhannoor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budhannoor (page does not exist)">Budhannoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheriyanad" title="Cheriyanad">Cheriyanad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulakkuzha" class="mw-redirect" title="Mulakkuzha">Mulakkuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandanad" title="Pandanad">Pandanad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puliyoor" title="Puliyoor">Puliyoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvanvandur" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiruvanvandur">Thiruvanvandur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venmony" title="Venmony">Venmony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Harippad</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheruthana" title="Cheruthana">Cheruthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harippad" class="mw-redirect" title="Harippad">Harippad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karthikappally" title="Karthikappally">Karthikappally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karuvatta" title="Karuvatta">Karuvatta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumarapuram_Village" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumarapuram Village">Kumarapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallippad" title="Pallippad">Pallippad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrikkunnapuzha" title="Thrikkunnapuzha">Thrikkunnapuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veeyapuram" title="Veeyapuram">Veeyapuram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kanjikkuzhy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherthala_South" title="Cherthala South">Cherthala South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadakkarappally" title="Kadakkarappally">Kadakkarappally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanjikuzhi" title="Kanjikuzhi">Kanjikuzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mararikkulam_North" title="Mararikkulam North">Mararikkulam North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanneermukkam" class="mw-redirect" title="Thanneermukkam">Thanneermukkam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mavelikkara</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chennithala_Thriperumthara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chennithala Thriperumthara (page does not exist)">Chennithala Thriperumthara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chettikulangara" title="Chettikulangara">Chettikulangara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannar,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Mannar, India">Mannar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara_Thekkekara" class="mw-redirect" title="Mavelikkara Thekkekara">Mavelikkara Thekkekara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thazhakkara" title="Thazhakkara">Thazhakkara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Muthukulam</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arattupuzha" title="Arattupuzha">Arattupuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheppad" title="Cheppad">Cheppad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chingoli" title="Chingoli">Chingoli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Devikulangara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Devikulangara (page does not exist)">Devikulangara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandalloor" title="Kandalloor">Kandalloor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnapuram,_Alappuzha" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishnapuram, Alappuzha">Krishnapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muthukulam" title="Muthukulam">Muthukulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathiyoor" title="Pathiyoor">Pathiyoor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pattanakkad</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aroor" title="Aroor">Aroor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezhupunna" title="Ezhupunna">Ezhupunna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodamthuruthu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kodamthuruthu">Kodamthuruthu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuthiathodu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuthiathodu">Kuthiathodu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattanakkad" title="Pattanakkad">Pattanakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thuravoor,_Cherthala" title="Thuravoor, Cherthala">Thuravoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vayalar" title="Vayalar">Vayalar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Thycattussery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arookutty" title="Arookutty">Arookutty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chennampalippuram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chennampalippuram (page does not exist)">Chennampalippuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panavally" title="Panavally">Panavally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perumbalam" title="Perumbalam">Perumbalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaikattussery" title="Thaikattussery">Thaikattussery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Veliyanad</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kavalam" title="Kavalam">Kavalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muttar" title="Muttar">Muttar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neelamperoor" title="Neelamperoor">Neelamperoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulinkunnu" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulinkunnu">Pulinkunnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramankary" title="Ramankary">Ramankari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veliyanad" title="Veliyanad">Veliyanad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Travancore_region" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Travancore_region" title="Template:Travancore region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Travancore_region" title="Template talk:Travancore region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Travancore_region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Travancore region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Travancore_region" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore region</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanyakumari_district" title="Kanyakumari district">Kanyakumari</a> (Part)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram_district" title="Thiruvananthapuram district">Thiruvananthapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollam_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Kollam District"> Kollam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathanamthitta_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathanamthitta District"> Pathanamthitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_district" title="Alappuzha district"> Alappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottayam_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Kottayam District"> Kottayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idukki_district" title="Idukki district"> Idukki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernakulam_district" title="Ernakulam district">Ernakulam</a> (Part)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Travancore_Anchal_Box_Krishnapuram_Palace.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Travancore_Anchal_Box_Krishnapuram_Palace.jpg/100px-Travancore_Anchal_Box_Krishnapuram_Palace.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Travancore_Anchal_Box_Krishnapuram_Palace.jpg/150px-Travancore_Anchal_Box_Krishnapuram_Palace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Travancore_Anchal_Box_Krishnapuram_Palace.jpg/200px-Travancore_Anchal_Box_Krishnapuram_Palace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towns and<br />cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nagarcoil" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagarcoil">Nagarcoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanyakumari" title="Kanyakumari">Kanyakumari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thovala" class="mw-redirect" title="Thovala">Thovala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suchindram" title="Suchindram">Suchindram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manavalakurichi" title="Manavalakurichi">Manavalakurichy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaliyakkavilai" title="Kaliyakkavilai">Kaliyakkavilai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaikadu" title="Mandaikadu">Mandaikadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marthandam" title="Marthandam">Marthandam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neiyyur" title="Neiyyur">Neyyoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvithancode" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiruvithancode">Thiruvithancode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolachal" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolachal">Kolachal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram" title="Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parassala" title="Parassala">Parassala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neyyattinkara" title="Neyyattinkara">Neyyattinkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedumangadu" class="mw-redirect" title="Nedumangadu">Nedumangadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venjaramoodu" class="mw-redirect" title="Venjaramoodu">Venjaramoodu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryanad" class="mw-redirect" title="Aryanad">Aryanad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vembayam" title="Vembayam">Vembayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chirayinkeezhu" title="Chirayinkeezhu">Chirayinkeezhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attingal" title="Attingal">Attingal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varkala" title="Varkala">Varkala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avanavancherry" title="Avanavancherry">Avanavancherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallambalam" title="Kallambalam">Kallambalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilimanoor" title="Kilimanoor">Kilimanoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottarakkara" title="Kottarakkara">Kottarakkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neduvathoor" title="Neduvathoor">Neduvathoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayoor" title="Ayoor">Ayoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchal" title="Anchal">Anchal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edamulackal" title="Edamulackal">Edamulackal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadayamangalam" title="Chadayamangalam">Chadayamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chathannoor" title="Chathannoor">Chathannoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalluvathukkal" title="Kalluvathukkal">Kalluvathukkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottiyam" title="Kottiyam">Kottiyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollam" title="Kollam">Kollam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paravur,_Kollam" title="Paravur, Kollam">Paravur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parippally" title="Parippally">Parippally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munroethuruth" class="mw-redirect" title="Munroethuruth">Munroethuruth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayyanad" title="Mayyanad">Mayyanad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punalur" title="Punalur">Punalur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathanapuram" title="Pathanapuram">Pathanapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchalloor" title="Manchalloor">Manchalloor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pidavoor" title="Pidavoor">Pidavoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoor" title="Adoor">Adoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konni,_Kerala" title="Konni, Kerala">Konni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathanamthitta" title="Pathanamthitta">Pathanamthitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozhencherry" title="Kozhencherry">Kozhencherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranmula" title="Aranmula">Aranmula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbanad" title="Kumbanad">Kumbanad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranni,_Kerala" title="Ranni, Kerala">Ranni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadasserikkara" class="mw-redirect" title="Vadasserikkara">Vadasserikkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallapally" title="Mallapally">Mallapally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruvalla" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiruvalla">Tiruvalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parumala" title="Parumala">Parumala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannar_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mannar (India)">Mannar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edathua" title="Edathua">Edathua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengannur" title="Chengannur">Chengannur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padanilam" title="Padanilam">Padanilam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilakkal" title="Nilakkal">Nilakkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chettikulangara" title="Chettikulangara">Chettikulangara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayamkulam" title="Kayamkulam">Kayamkulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haripad" title="Haripad">Haripad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambalappuzha" title="Ambalappuzha">Ambalappuzha</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mankombu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mankombu">Mankombu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mararikulam" title="Mararikulam">Mararikulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherthala" title="Cherthala">Cherthala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aroor" title="Aroor">Aroor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changanacherry" class="mw-redirect" title="Changanacherry">Changanacherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vazhoor" title="Vazhoor">Vazhoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karukachal" title="Karukachal">Karukachal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottayam" title="Kottayam">Kottayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumarakam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumarakam">Kumarakam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pambadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Pambadi">Pambadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ettumanoor" title="Ettumanoor">Ettumanoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikom" title="Vaikom">Vaikom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaduthuruthy" title="Kaduthuruthy">Kaduthuruthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalayolaparambu" title="Thalayolaparambu">Thalayolaparambu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuravilangad" title="Kuravilangad">Kuravilangad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palai" class="mw-redirect" title="Palai">Palai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzhavoor" title="Uzhavoor">Uzhavoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poonjar" title="Poonjar">Poonjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erattupetta" title="Erattupetta">Erattupetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanjirappally" title="Kanjirappally">Kanjirappally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponkunnam" title="Ponkunnam">Ponkunnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erumely" title="Erumely">Erumely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundakayam" title="Mundakayam">Mundakayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vagamon" title="Vagamon">Vagamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peermade" title="Peermade">Peermade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumily" title="Kumily">Kumily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kattappana" title="Kattappana">Kattappana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adimali" title="Adimali">Adimali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vechoor" title="Vechoor">Vechoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Paravur" title="North Paravur">North Paravur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alengad" class="mw-redirect" title="Alengad">Alengad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angamaly" title="Angamaly">Angamaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalady" title="Kalady">Kalady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluva" title="Aluva">Aluva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perumbavoor" title="Perumbavoor">Perumbavoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muvattupuzha" title="Muvattupuzha">Muvattupuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kothamangalam,_Ernakulam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kothamangalam, Ernakulam">Kothamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arakuzha" title="Arakuzha">Arakuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koothattukulam" title="Koothattukulam">Koothattukulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piravom" title="Piravom">Piravom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolenchery" title="Kolenchery">Kolenchery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizhakkambalam" title="Kizhakkambalam">Kizhakkambalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idukki_district" title="Idukki district">Idukki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thodupuzha" title="Thodupuzha">Thodupuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painavu" title="Painavu">Painavu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munnar" title="Munnar">Munnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devikulam" title="Devikulam">Devikulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannan_Devan_Hills" title="Kannan Devan Hills">Kannan Devan Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marayur" title="Marayur">Marayur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adimali" title="Adimali">Adimali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udumbanchola" title="Udumbanchola">Udumbanchola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedumkandam" title="Nedumkandam">Nedumkandam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kattappana" title="Kattappana">Kattappana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajakkad" title="Rajakkad">Rajakkad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="x20px&#124;Seal_of_Kerala_State_of_Kerala" style="background: #e1ece4; vertical-align: middle;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #9cc1a5; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kerala" title="Template:Kerala"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kerala" title="Template talk:Kerala"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kerala" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kerala"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x20px&#124;Seal_of_Kerala_State_of_Kerala" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Banner_of_Kerala.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of Kerala"><img alt="Seal of Kerala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Banner_of_Kerala.png/36px-Banner_of_Kerala.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Banner_of_Kerala.png/54px-Banner_of_Kerala.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Banner_of_Kerala.png/71px-Banner_of_Kerala.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: none; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India" title="List of state and union territory capitals in India">Capital</a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram" title="Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #cde0d2; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Kerala" title="List of districts of Kerala">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: transparent; text-align: left/center;;background: transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram_district" title="Thiruvananthapuram district">Thiruvananthapuram KL-01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollam_district" title="Kollam district">Kollam KL-02</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathanamthitta_district" title="Pathanamthitta district">Pathanamthitta KL-03</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_district" title="Alappuzha district">Alappuzha KL-04</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottayam_district" title="Kottayam district">Kottayam KL-05</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idukki_district" title="Idukki district">Idukki KL-06</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernakulam_district" title="Ernakulam district">Ernakulam KL-07</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrissur_district" title="Thrissur district">Thrissur KL-08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palakkad_district" title="Palakkad district">Palakkad KL-09</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malappuram_district" title="Malappuram district">Malappuram KL-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozhikode_district" title="Kozhikode district">Kozhikode KL-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayanad_district" title="Wayanad district">Wayanad KL-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannur_district" title="Kannur district">Kannur KL-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasaragod_district" title="Kasaragod district">Kasaragod KL-14</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #cde0d2; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Kerala" title="Category:Kerala">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: transparent; text-align: left/center;;background: #f6fbf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arts_of_Kerala" title="Arts of Kerala">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kerala" title="Culture of Kerala">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kerala" title="Demographics of Kerala">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kerala" title="Economy of Kerala">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Kerala" title="Education in Kerala">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_cinema" title="Malayalam cinema">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Kerala" title="Geography of Kerala">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Kerala" title="Roads in Kerala"> Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ports_in_Kerala" title="Ports in Kerala"> Ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kerala" title="History of Kerala">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Kerala" title="Wildlife of Kerala">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kerala" title="Government of Kerala">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Kerala" title="Tourism in Kerala">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Kerala" title="Sports in Kerala">Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #cde0d2; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: transparent; text-align: left/center;;background: transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Bird</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Great_hornbill" title="Great hornbill">Great hornbill</a></dd> <dt>Animal</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Indian_elephant" title="Indian elephant">Indian elephant</a></dd> <dt>Tree</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">Coconut</a></dd> <dt>Flower</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cassia_fistula" title="Cassia fistula">Golden rain</a></dd> <dt>Fish</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Karimeen" class="mw-redirect" title="Karimeen">Karimeen</a></dd> <dt>Fruit</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jackfruit" title="Jackfruit">Jackfruit</a></dd> <dt>Insect</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Papilio_buddha" title="Papilio buddha">Papilio buddha</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #cde0d2; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_taluks_of_Kerala" title="List of taluks of Kerala">Taluks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: transparent; text-align: left/center;;background: #f6fbf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adoor" title="Adoor">Adoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alathur" title="Alathur">Alathur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluva" title="Aluva">Aluva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambalappuzha" title="Ambalappuzha">Ambalappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalakudy" title="Chalakudy">Chalakudy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changanassery" title="Changanassery">Changanassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chavakkad" title="Chavakkad">Chavakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengannur" title="Chengannur">Chengannur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherthala" title="Cherthala">Cherthala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chirayinkeezhu_taluk" title="Chirayinkeezhu taluk">Chirayinkeezhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittur-Thathamangalam" title="Chittur-Thathamangalam">Chittur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devikulam" title="Devikulam">Devikulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eranad_Taluk" class="mw-redirect" title="Eranad Taluk">Eranad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosdurg_taluk" title="Hosdurg taluk">Hosdurg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idukki" class="mw-redirect" title="Idukki">Idukki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iritty_taluk" title="Iritty taluk">Iritty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanayannur" title="Kanayannur">Kanayannur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanjirappally" title="Kanjirappally">Kanjirappally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannur_taluk" title="Kannur taluk">Kannur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karthikappally" title="Karthikappally">Karthikappally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karunagappalli" title="Karunagappalli">Karunagappalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasaragod_taluk" title="Kasaragod taluk">Kasaragod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kattakada" title="Kattakada">Kattakada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kochi" title="Kochi">Kochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodungallur" title="Kodungallur">Kodungallur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollam_taluk" title="Kollam taluk">Kollam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kondotty_taluk" title="Kondotty taluk">Kondotty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konni,_Kerala" title="Konni, Kerala">Konni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kothamangalam,_Kerala" title="Kothamangalam, Kerala">Kothamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottarakkara" title="Kottarakkara">Kottarakkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottayam" title="Kottayam">Kottayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koyilandy" title="Koyilandy">Koyilandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozhencherry" title="Kozhencherry">Kozhencherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozhikode" title="Kozhikode">Kozhikode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunnamkulam" title="Kunnamkulam">Kunnamkulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunnathunad" title="Kunnathunad">Kunnathunad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunnathur,_Kerala" title="Kunnathur, Kerala">Kunnathur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuttanad" title="Kuttanad">Kuttanad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallapally" title="Mallapally">Mallapally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mananthavady" title="Mananthavady">Mananthavady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjeshwaram_taluk" title="Manjeshwaram taluk">Manjeshwaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannarkkad" title="Mannarkkad">Mannarkkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meenachil" title="Meenachil">Meenachil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukundapuram_Taluk" title="Mukundapuram Taluk">Mukundapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muvattupuzha" title="Muvattupuzha">Muvattupuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedumangad_taluk" title="Nedumangad taluk">Nedumangad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neyyattinkara_taluk" title="Neyyattinkara taluk">Neyyattinkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilambur" title="Nilambur">Nilambur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paravur_taluk" title="Paravur taluk">North Paravur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottapalam" title="Ottapalam">Ottapalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palakkad" title="Palakkad">Palakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathanapuram" title="Pathanapuram">Pathanapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattambi" title="Pattambi">Pattambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payyanur_taluk" title="Payyanur taluk">Payyanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peermade" title="Peermade">Peermade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perinthalmanna_taluk" title="Perinthalmanna taluk">Perinthalmanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponnani_taluk" title="Ponnani taluk">Ponnani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punalur" title="Punalur">Punalur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranni,_Kerala" title="Ranni, Kerala">Ranni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Bathery" title="Sultan Bathery">Sultan Bathery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliparamba_taluk" title="Taliparamba taluk">Taliparamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalapilly" title="Thalapilly">Thalapilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassery" title="Thalassery">Thalassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamarassery" title="Thamarassery">Thamarassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvalla" title="Thiruvalla">Thiruvalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram_Taluk" title="Thiruvananthapuram Taluk">Thiruvananthapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thodupuzha" title="Thodupuzha">Thodupuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrissur" title="Thrissur">Thrissur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirur_Taluk" title="Tirur Taluk">Tirur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirurangadi_Taluk_Office" title="Tirurangadi Taluk Office">Tirurangadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udumbanchola" title="Udumbanchola">Udumbanchola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikom" title="Vaikom">Vaikom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varkala" title="Varkala">Varkala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatakara" title="Vatakara">Vatakara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellarikundu_Taluk" class="mw-redirect" title="Vellarikundu Taluk">Vellarikundu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vythiri" title="Vythiri">Vythiri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #cde0d2; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipal_corporations_in_Kerala" title="List of municipal corporations in Kerala">Municipal corporations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: transparent; text-align: left/center;;background: transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram_Corporation" title="Thiruvananthapuram Corporation">Thiruvananthapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozhikode_Municipal_Corporation" title="Kozhikode Municipal Corporation">Kozhikode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kochi_Municipal_Corporation" title="Kochi Municipal Corporation">Kochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollam_Municipal_Corporation" title="Kollam Municipal Corporation">Kollam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrissur_Municipal_Corporation" title="Thrissur Municipal Corporation">Thrissur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannur_Municipal_Corporation" title="Kannur Municipal Corporation">Kannur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #cde0d2; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of Kerala">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: transparent; text-align: left/center;;background: #f6fbf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adoor" title="Adoor">Adoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthoor" title="Anthoor">Anthoor</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluva" title="Aluva">Aluva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angamaly" title="Angamaly">Angamaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attingal" title="Attingal">Attingal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalakudy" title="Chalakudy">Chalakudy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changanassery" title="Changanassery">Changanassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chavakkad" title="Chavakkad">Chavakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengannur" title="Chengannur">Chengannur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherthala" title="Cherthala">Cherthala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittur-Thathamangalam" title="Chittur-Thathamangalam">Chittur-Thathamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eloor" title="Eloor">Eloor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guruvayur" title="Guruvayur">Guruvayur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irinjalakuda" title="Irinjalakuda">Irinjalakuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iritty" title="Iritty">Iritty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamassery" title="Kalamassery">Kalamassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpetta" title="Kalpetta">Kalpetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanhangad" title="Kanhangad">Kanhangad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karunagappalli" title="Karunagappalli">Karunagappalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasaragod" title="Kasaragod">Kasaragod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kattappana" title="Kattappana">Kattappana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayamkulam" title="Kayamkulam">Kayamkulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodungallur" title="Kodungallur">Kodungallur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kondotty" title="Kondotty">Kondotty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuthuparamba" title="Kuthuparamba">Kuthuparamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kothamangalam,_Kerala" title="Kothamangalam, Kerala">Kothamangalam, Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottakkal" title="Kottakkal">Kottakkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottarakkara" title="Kottarakkara">Kottarakkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottayam" title="Kottayam">Kottayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koyilandy" title="Koyilandy">Koyilandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunnamkulam" title="Kunnamkulam">Kunnamkulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malappuram" title="Malappuram">Malappuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjeri" title="Manjeri">Manjeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maradu" title="Maradu">Maradu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattanur" title="Mattanur">Mattanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muvattupuzha" title="Muvattupuzha">Muvattupuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedumangad" title="Nedumangad">Nedumangad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neyyattinkara" title="Neyyattinkara">Neyyattinkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilambur" title="Nilambur">Nilambur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nileshwaram" title="Nileshwaram">Nileshwaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Paravur" title="North Paravur">North Paravur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottapalam" title="Ottapalam">Ottapalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pala,_Kerala" title="Pala, Kerala">Pala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palakkad" title="Palakkad">Palakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panoor" title="Panoor">Panoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parappanangadi" title="Parappanangadi">Parappanangadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paravur,_Kollam" title="Paravur, Kollam">Paravur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathanamthitta" title="Pathanamthitta">Pathanamthitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payyanur" title="Payyanur">Payyanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perinthalmanna" title="Perinthalmanna">Perinthalmanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perumbavoor" title="Perumbavoor">Perumbavoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponnani" title="Ponnani">Ponnani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punalur" title="Punalur">Punalur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoranur" title="Shoranur">Shoranur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sreekandapuram" title="Sreekandapuram">Sreekandapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanur,_Malappuram" title="Tanur, Malappuram">Tanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassery" title="Thalassery">Thalassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliparamba" title="Taliparamba">Taliparamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvalla" title="Thiruvalla">Thiruvalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thodupuzha" title="Thodupuzha">Thodupuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrikkakkara" title="Thrikkakkara">Thrikkakkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrippunithura" title="Thrippunithura">Thrippunithura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirur" title="Tirur">Tirur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirurangadi" title="Tirurangadi">Tirurangadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valanchery" title="Valanchery">Valanchery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatakara" title="Vatakara">Vatakara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikom" title="Vaikom">Vaikom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varkala" title="Varkala">Varkala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #cde0d2; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;">Other towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: transparent; text-align: left/center;;background: transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #cde0d2; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edappal" title="Edappal">Edappal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thavanur" title="Thavanur">Thavanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthanathani" title="Puthanathani">Puthanathani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottakkal" title="Kottakkal">Kottakkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angadipuram" title="Angadipuram">Angadipuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mankada" title="Mankada">Mankada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuttippuram" title="Kuttippuram">Kuttippuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karipur" title="Karipur">Karipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Areekode" title="Areekode">Areekode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandoor,_Kerala" title="Wandoor, Kerala">Wandoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vengara,_Malappuram_district" title="Vengara, Malappuram district">Vengara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallikkunnu" title="Vallikkunnu">Vallikkunnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olavanna" title="Olavanna">Olavanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunnamangalam" title="Kunnamangalam">Kunnamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamarassery" title="Thamarassery">Thamarassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvambady" title="Thiruvambady">Thiruvambady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodencheri" title="Kodencheri">Kodencheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balussery" title="Balussery">Balussery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perambra" title="Perambra">Perambra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadapuram" title="Nadapuram">Nadapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuttiady" title="Kuttiady">Kuttiady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakkidi,_Wayanad" title="Lakkidi, Wayanad">Lakkidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vythiri" title="Vythiri">Vythiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chundale" title="Chundale">Chundale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meppadi" title="Meppadi">Meppadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottappadi_Part,_Meppadi" title="Kottappadi Part, Meppadi">Kottappadi Part</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muttil,_Kalpetta" title="Muttil, Kalpetta">Muttil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padinharethara" title="Padinharethara">Padinharethara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meenangadi" title="Meenangadi">Meenangadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamaram" title="Panamaram">Panamaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulpally" title="Pulpally">Pulpally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peravoor" title="Peravoor">Peravoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharmadom" title="Dharmadom">Dharmadom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anjarakkandy" title="Anjarakkandy">Anjarakkandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzhappilangad" title="Muzhappilangad">Muzhappilangad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azhikode_and_Azhikkal" title="Azhikode and Azhikkal">Azhikode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherukunnu" title="Cherukunnu">Cherukunnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pappinisseri" title="Pappinisseri">Pappinisseri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalliasseri" title="Kalliasseri">Kalliasseri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irikkur" title="Irikkur">Irikkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alakode,_Kannur_district" title="Alakode, Kannur district">Alakode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrikaripur" title="Thrikaripur">Thrikaripur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheruvathur" title="Cheruvathur">Cheruvathur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekal" title="Bekal">Bekal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udma" title="Udma">Udma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellarikundu" title="Vellarikundu">Vellarikundu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parappa_(village)" class="mw-redirect" title="Parappa (village)">Parappa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karadka" title="Karadka">Karadka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbla" title="Kumbla">Kumbla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangalpady" title="Mangalpady">Mangalpady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uppala" title="Uppala">Uppala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjeshwar" title="Manjeshwar">Manjeshwar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #cde0d2; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peermade" title="Peermade">Peermade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandiperiyar" title="Vandiperiyar">Vandiperiyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumily" title="Kumily">Kumily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajakkad" title="Rajakkad">Rajakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munnar" title="Munnar">Munnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devikulam" title="Devikulam">Devikulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adimali" title="Adimali">Adimali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolenchery" title="Kolenchery">Kolenchery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthencruz" title="Puthencruz">Puthencruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunnathunad" title="Kunnathunad">Kunnathunad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalady" title="Kalady">Kalady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayattoor" title="Malayattoor">Malayattoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chottanikkara" title="Chottanikkara">Chottanikkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udayamperoor" title="Udayamperoor">Udayamperoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varappuzha" title="Varappuzha">Varappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sreemoolanagaram" title="Sreemoolanagaram">Sreemoolanagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedumbassery" title="Nedumbassery">Nedumbassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mala,_Kerala" title="Mala, Kerala">Mala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodakara" title="Kodakara">Kodakara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthukkad" title="Puthukkad">Puthukkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manaloor" title="Manaloor">Manaloor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavaratty" title="Pavaratty">Pavaratty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelakkara" title="Chelakkara">Chelakkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadakkencherry" title="Vadakkencherry">Vadakkencherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alathur" title="Alathur">Alathur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemmara" title="Nemmara">Nemmara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthunagaram" title="Puthunagaram">Puthunagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malampuzha" title="Malampuzha">Malampuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sreekrishnapuram,_Palakkad" title="Sreekrishnapuram, Palakkad">Sreekrishnapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakkidi,_Palakkad" title="Lakkidi, Palakkad">Lakkidi-Perur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrithala" title="Thrithala">Thrithala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #cde0d2; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parassala" title="Parassala">Parassala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaramapuram" title="Balaramapuram">Balaramapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kattakada" title="Kattakada">Kattakada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chirayinkeezhu" title="Chirayinkeezhu">Chirayinkeezhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilimanoor" title="Kilimanoor">Kilimanoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parippally" title="Parippally">Parippally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chathannoor" title="Chathannoor">Chathannoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottiyam" title="Kottiyam">Kottiyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundara" title="Kundara">Kundara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neendakara" title="Neendakara">Neendakara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chavara" title="Chavara">Chavara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oachira" title="Oachira">Oachira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasthamkotta" title="Sasthamkotta">Sasthamkotta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunnathur,_Kerala" title="Kunnathur, Kerala">Kunnathur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchal" title="Anchal">Anchal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadakkal" title="Kadakkal">Kadakkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathanapuram" title="Pathanapuram">Pathanapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thenmala" title="Thenmala">Thenmala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulathupuzha" title="Kulathupuzha">Kulathupuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozhencherry" title="Kozhencherry">Kozhencherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konni,_Kerala" title="Konni, Kerala">Konni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranni,_Kerala" title="Ranni, Kerala">Ranni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallapally" title="Mallapally">Mallapally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbanad" title="Kumbanad">Kumbanad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranmula" title="Aranmula">Aranmula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulanada" title="Kulanada">Kulanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omallur" title="Omallur">Omallur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadasserikara" title="Vadasserikara">Vadasserikara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parumala" title="Parumala">Parumala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannar,_Alappuzha" title="Mannar, Alappuzha">Mannar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charummoodu" title="Charummoodu">Charummoodu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambalappuzha" title="Ambalappuzha">Ambalappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mararikulam" title="Mararikulam">Mararikulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aroor" title="Aroor">Aroor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanjirappally" title="Kanjirappally">Kanjirappally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erumely" title="Erumely">Erumely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundakayam" title="Mundakayam">Mundakayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vazhoor" title="Vazhoor">Vazhoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karukachal" title="Karukachal">Karukachal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampady" title="Pampady">Pampady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthuppally,_Kottayam" title="Puthuppally, Kottayam">Puthuppally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuravilangad" title="Kuravilangad">Kuravilangad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzhavoor" title="Uzhavoor">Uzhavoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalayolaparambu" title="Thalayolaparambu">Thalayolaparambu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaduthuruthy" title="Kaduthuruthy">Kaduthuruthy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #cde0d2; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Kerala#Subdivisions" title="Kerala">Historical regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: transparent; text-align: left/center;;background: #f6fbf7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kolathunadu" title="Kolathunadu">Kolathunadu (Kingdom of Cannanore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamorin" title="Zamorin">Zamorin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malabar_District" title="Malabar District">Malabar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Malabar" title="North Malabar">North Malabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Malabar" title="South Malabar">South Malabar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Cochin" title="Kingdom of Cochin">Cochin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venad_(kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venad (kingdom)">Venad (kingdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travancore%E2%80%93Cochin" title="Travancore–Cochin">Travancore–Cochin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #9CC1A5; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/48px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/64px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kerala_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kerala_topics" title="Template:Kerala topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kerala_topics" title="Template talk:Kerala topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kerala_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kerala topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kerala_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> <a href="/wiki/Category:Kerala" title="Category:Kerala">topics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kerala" title="History of Kerala">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sangam_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangam period">Sangam period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edakkal_Caves" class="mw-redirect" title="Edakkal Caves">Edakkal Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariyannur_Umbrellas" title="Ariyannur Umbrellas">Ariyannur Umbrellas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kudakkallu_Parambu" title="Kudakkallu Parambu">Kudakkallu Parambu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chovvanur_burial_cave" title="Chovvanur burial cave">Chovvanur burial cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chera_dynasty" title="Chera dynasty">Chera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamorin_of_Calicut" class="mw-redirect" title="Zamorin of Calicut">Zamorin of Calicut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venad" class="mw-redirect" title="Venad">Venad Swaroopam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolathunadu" title="Kolathunadu">Kingdom of Cannanore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_school_of_astronomy_and_mathematics" title="Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics">Kerala school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Colachel" title="Battle of Colachel">Battle of Kulachal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arakkal_kingdom" title="Arakkal kingdom">Arakkal kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshadweep" title="Lakshadweep">Lakshadweep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Mysore_Wars" title="Anglo-Mysore Wars">Anglo-Mysore Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Quilon" title="Battle of Quilon">Battle of Quilon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikom_Satyagraham" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaikom Satyagraham">Vaikom Satyagraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochin_Royal_Family" class="mw-redirect" title="Cochin Royal Family">Perumpadapu Swaroopam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malabar_Migration" title="Malabar Migration">Malabar Migration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kerala" title="Government of Kerala">Government</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Kerala" title="Category:Politics of Kerala">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kerala_State_Government_Organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Kerala State Government Organizations">Agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chief_Ministers_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chief Ministers of Kerala">Chief Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Kerala">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Legislative_Assembly" title="Kerala Legislative Assembly">Legislative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Body_Election_in_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="Local Body Election in Kerala"><i>Panchayat</i> elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saptakakshi_Munnani" class="mw-redirect" title="Saptakakshi Munnani">Saptakakshi Munnani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Front_(Kerala)" class="mw-redirect" title="United Front (Kerala)">Aikya Munnani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front" title="Left Democratic Front">Left Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Front_(Kerala)" title="United Democratic Front (Kerala)">United Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_politicians_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="List of politicians of Kerala">Politicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Incidents" class="mw-redirect" title="Incidents">Incidents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peruman_railway_accident" title="Peruman railway accident">1988 Perumon tragedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadalundi_train_derailment" title="Kadalundi train derailment">2001 Kadalundi Train derailment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puttingal_temple_fire" title="Puttingal temple fire">2016 Paravur temple fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Kerala_floods" title="2018 Kerala floods">2018 Kerala floods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Kerala" title="Geography of Kerala">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agasthyamala_Biosphere_Reserve" title="Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve">Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtamudi_Lake" title="Ashtamudi Lake">Ashtamudi Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavvayi_Backwaters" title="Kavvayi Backwaters">Kavvayi Backwaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Backwaters" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerala Backwaters">Backwaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of Kerala">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eravikulam_National_Park" title="Eravikulam National Park">Eravikulam National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_and_fauna_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="Flora and fauna of Kerala">Flora and fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malabar_Coast" title="Malabar Coast">Malabar Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marayoor" class="mw-redirect" title="Marayoor">Marayoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelliampathi" title="Nelliampathi">Nelliampathi Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_Biosphere_Reserve" title="Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve">Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilgiris_(mountains)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nilgiris (mountains)">Nilgiri Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palakkad_Gap" title="Palakkad Gap">Palakkad Gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected areas of Kerala">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasthamcotta_Lake" title="Sasthamcotta Lake">Sasthamcotta Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vembanad_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Vembanad Lake">Vembanad Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kerala" title="Demographics of Kerala">Demographics</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kerala" title="Economy of Kerala">Economy</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Religions_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="Religions of Kerala">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malayali" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayali">Malayalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namboothiri_Brahmin" class="mw-redirect" title="Namboothiri Brahmin">Namboothiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambalavasi" title="Ambalavasi">Ambalavasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samanta_Kshatriya" class="mw-redirect" title="Samanta Kshatriya">Samanthas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Nairs">Nairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Mappila" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim Mappila">Mappilas</a></li> <li>Thiyyas</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Christians" title="Saint Thomas Christians">Saint Thomas Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Iyers" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerala Iyers">Kerala Iyers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezhava" title="Ezhava">Ezhavas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochin_Jews" title="Cochin Jews">Cochin Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_in_Kerala" title="Jainism in Kerala">Jainism in Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulayar" title="Pulayar">Pulayar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravidian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Dravidian people">Dravidians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adivasi" title="Adivasi">Adivasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scheduled_Tribes_in_India#Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Scheduled Tribes in India">Scheduled Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_model" title="Kerala model">Kerala model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Kerala" title="Tourism in Kerala">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Kerala" title="Education in Kerala">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colleges_in_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="Colleges in Kerala">colleges and universities</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kerala" title="Culture of Kerala">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arts_of_Kerala" title="Arts of Kerala">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Kerala" title="Architecture of Kerala">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Kerala">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalarippayattu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalarippayattu">Kalarippayattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_literature" title="Malayalam literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarpam_Thullal" title="Sarpam Thullal">Sarpam Thullal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triumvirate_poets_of_modern_Malayalam" class="mw-redirect" title="Triumvirate poets of modern Malayalam">Triumvirate poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallam_kali" title="Vallam kali">Vallam kali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Dance / Drama / Cinema</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kathakali" title="Kathakali">Kathakali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolkali" title="Kolkali">Kolkali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koodiyattam" title="Koodiyattam">Koodiyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohiniyattam" title="Mohiniyattam">Mohiniyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margamkali" title="Margamkali">Margamkali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottamthullal" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottamthullal">Ottamthullal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theyyam" title="Theyyam">Theyyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_cinema" title="Malayalam cinema">Cinema of Kerala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vishu" title="Vishu">Vishu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onam" title="Onam">Onam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pooram" title="Pooram">Pooram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid al-Fitr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Adha" title="Eid al-Adha">Eid al-Adha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayalam_calendar" title="Malayalam calendar">Malayalam calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabi_Malayalam" title="Arabi Malayalam">Arabi Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriyani_Malayalam" title="Suriyani Malayalam">Suriyani Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeo-Malayalam" title="Judeo-Malayalam">Judeo-Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irula_language" title="Irula language">Irula language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kerala" title="Music of Kerala">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chenda" title="Chenda">Chenda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Thayambaka" title="Thayambaka">Thayambaka</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolkali" title="Kolkali">Kolkali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchari_melam" title="Panchari melam">Panchari melam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchavadyam" title="Panchavadyam">Panchavadyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sopanam">Sopanam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Organisations/Agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nair_Service_Society" title="Nair Service Society">Nair Service Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sree_Narayana_Dharma_Paripalana_Yogam_(SNDP)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam (SNDP)">Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam</a></li> <li>Samastha <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samastha_Kerala_Jem-iyyathul_Ulama_(1926%E2%80%931989)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1926–1989) (page does not exist)">Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1926–1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samastha_Kerala_Jem-iyyathul_Ulama_(1989%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1989–present)">Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1989–present)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Nadvathul_Mujahideen" title="Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen">Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malabar_Church" title="Syro-Malabar Church">Syro-Malabar Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Kerala" title="Tourism in Kerala">Tourism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Commerce_and_tourism">Alappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athirappilly_Falls" title="Athirappilly Falls">Athirappilly Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaches_in_Kerala" title="Beaches in Kerala">Beaches in Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekal" title="Bekal">Bekal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chembra_Peak" title="Chembra Peak">Chembra Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Backwaters" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerala Backwaters">Kerala Backwaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollam#Tourism.2C_Places_of_interest_and_historical_significance" title="Kollam">Kollam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malappuram_district#Places_of_Interest" title="Malappuram district">Places of Interest in Malappuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourist_attractions_in_Kannur" title="Tourist attractions in Kannur">Tourist attractions in Kannur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_Kollam" title="Islands of Kollam">Islands of Kollam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palakkad_district" title="Palakkad district">Tourist attractions of Palakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kovalam" title="Kovalam">Kovalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Kasaragod" title="List of tourist attractions in Kasaragod">Tourism in Kasaragod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munnar" title="Munnar">Munnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzhappilangad_Beach" title="Muzhappilangad Beach">Muzhappilangad Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvanam" title="Peruvanam">Peruvanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Kozhikode" title="List of tourist attractions in Kozhikode">List of tourist attractions in Kozhikode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estuaries_of_Paravur" title="Estuaries of Paravur">Estuaries of Paravur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Thiruvananthapuram" title="Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram">Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallam_kali" title="Vallam kali">Vallam kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayanad" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayanad">Wayanad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanhangad" title="Kanhangad">Kanhangad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasaragod" title="Kasaragod">Kasaragod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nileshwaram" title="Nileshwaram">Nileshwaram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kannur_district" title="Kannur district">Kannur</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthoor" title="Anthoor">Anthoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iritty" title="Iritty">Iritty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuthuparamba" title="Kuthuparamba">Kuthuparamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattannur" class="mw-redirect" title="Mattannur">Mattannur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panoor" title="Panoor">Panoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payyannur" class="mw-redirect" title="Payyannur">Payyannur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sreekandapuram" title="Sreekandapuram">Sreekandapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliparamba" title="Taliparamba">Taliparamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassery" title="Thalassery">Thalassery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wayanad_district" title="Wayanad district">Wayanad</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalpetta" title="Kalpetta">Kalpetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mananthavady" title="Mananthavady">Mananthavady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulthan_Bathery" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulthan Bathery">Sulthan Bathery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kozhikode_district" title="Kozhikode district">Kozhikode</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feroke" title="Feroke">Feroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koduvally" title="Koduvally">Koduvally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koyilandy" title="Koyilandy">Koyilandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukkam" title="Mukkam">Mukkam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payyoli" title="Payyoli">Payyoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanattukara" title="Ramanattukara">Ramanattukara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatakara" title="Vatakara">Vatakara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Malappuram_district" title="Malappuram district">Malappuram</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kondotty" title="Kondotty">Kondotty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottakkal" title="Kottakkal">Kottakkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malappuram" title="Malappuram">Malappuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjeri" title="Manjeri">Manjeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilambur" title="Nilambur">Nilambur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parappanangadi" title="Parappanangadi">Parappanangadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perinthalmanna" title="Perinthalmanna">Perinthalmanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponnani" title="Ponnani">Ponnani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanur,_Malappuram" title="Tanur, Malappuram">Tanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirur" title="Tirur">Tirur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirurangadi" title="Tirurangadi">Tirurangadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valanchery" title="Valanchery">Valanchery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Palakkad_district" title="Palakkad district">Palakkad</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherpulassery" title="Cherpulassery">Cherpulassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittur-Thathamangalam" title="Chittur-Thathamangalam">Chittur-Thathamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannarkkad" title="Mannarkkad">Mannarkkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottappalam" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottappalam">Ottappalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palakkad" title="Palakkad">Palakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattambi" title="Pattambi">Pattambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoranur" title="Shoranur">Shoranur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Thrissur_district" title="Thrissur district">Thrissur</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chalakudy" title="Chalakudy">Chalakudy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chavakkad" title="Chavakkad">Chavakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guruvayur" title="Guruvayur">Guruvayur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irinjalakuda" title="Irinjalakuda">Irinjalakuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodungallur" title="Kodungallur">Kodungallur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunnamkulam" title="Kunnamkulam">Kunnamkulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadakkancherry" title="Wadakkancherry">Wadakkancherry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ernakulam_district" title="Ernakulam district">Ernakulam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aluva" title="Aluva">Aluva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angamaly" title="Angamaly">Angamaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eloor" title="Eloor">Eloor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamassery" title="Kalamassery">Kalamassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koothattukulam" title="Koothattukulam">Koothattukulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kothamangalam,_Ernakulam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kothamangalam, Ernakulam">Kothamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maradu" title="Maradu">Maradu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muvattupuzha" title="Muvattupuzha">Muvattupuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Paravur" title="North Paravur">North Paravur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perumbavoor" title="Perumbavoor">Perumbavoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piravom" title="Piravom">Piravom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrikkakara" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrikkakara">Thrikkakara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrippunithura" title="Thrippunithura">Thrippunithura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Idukki_district" title="Idukki district">Idukki</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kattappana" title="Kattappana">Kattappana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thodupuzha" title="Thodupuzha">Thodupuzha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kottayam_district" title="Kottayam district">Kottayam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Changanassery" title="Changanassery">Changanassery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erattupetta" title="Erattupetta">Erattupetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ettumanoor" title="Ettumanoor">Ettumanoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottayam" title="Kottayam">Kottayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palai" class="mw-redirect" title="Palai">Palai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikom" title="Vaikom">Vaikom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alappuzha_district" title="Alappuzha district">Alappuzha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenganoor" class="mw-redirect" title="Chenganoor">Chenganoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherthala" title="Cherthala">Cherthala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haripad" title="Haripad">Haripad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayamkulam" title="Kayamkulam">Kayamkulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavelikkara" title="Mavelikkara">Mavelikkara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pathanamthitta_district" title="Pathanamthitta district">Pathanamthitta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adoor" title="Adoor">Adoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandalam" title="Pandalam">Pandalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathanamthitta" title="Pathanamthitta">Pathanamthitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvalla" title="Thiruvalla">Thiruvalla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kollam_district" title="Kollam district">Kollam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karunagappally" class="mw-redirect" title="Karunagappally">Karunagappally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottarakkara" title="Kottarakkara">Kottarakkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paravur,_Kollam" title="Paravur, Kollam">Paravur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punalur" title="Punalur">Punalur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiruvananthapuram District">Thiruvananthapuram</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attingal" title="Attingal">Attingal</a></li> <li><a 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