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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Uppercase_Pi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uppercase_Pi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Uppercase Pi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uppercase_Pi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lowercase_Pi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lowercase_Pi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Lowercase Pi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lowercase_Pi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variant_pi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variant_pi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Variant pi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variant_pi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unicode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unicode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Unicode</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unicode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pi (letter)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 88 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-88" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">88 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(letter)" title="Pi (letter) – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pi (letter)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A_(%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%81_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A)" title="بي (حرف يوناني) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بي (حرف يوناني)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(h%C9%99rf)" title="Pi (hərf) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pi (hərf)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87_(%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%B0)" title="পাই (অক্ষর) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পাই (অক্ষর)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0_(j%C4%AB-b%C3%B3)" title="Π (jī-bó) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Π (jī-bó)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96_(%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Пі (літара) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пі (літара)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96_(%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Пі (літара) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пі (літара)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8_(%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Пи (буква) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пи (буква)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(Buchstabe)" title="Pi (Buchstabe) – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Pi (Buchstabe)" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%95%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8D" title="ཕའེ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཕའེ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(lizherenn)" title="Pi (lizherenn) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pi (lizherenn)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(lletra_grega)" title="Pi (lletra grega) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pi (lletra grega)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AD_(p%C3%ADsmeno)" title="Pí (písmeno) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pí (písmeno)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(llythyren)" title="Pi (llythyren) – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pi (llythyren)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(bogstav)" title="Pi (bogstav) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pi (bogstav)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(Buchstabe)" title="Pi (Buchstabe) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pi (Buchstabe)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pii_(t%C3%A4ht)" title="Pii (täht) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pii (täht)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B9" title="Πι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pio_(litero)" title="Pio (litero) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pio (litero)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(hizkia)" title="Pi (hizkia) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pi (hizkia)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C_(%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%81)" title="پی (حرف) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پی (حرف)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(lettre_grecque)" title="Pi (lettre grecque) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pi (lettre grecque)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Py_(letter)" title="Py (letter) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Py (letter)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AD_(litir)" title="Pí (litir) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Pí (litir)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi" title="Pi – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Pi" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(letra)" title="Pi (letra) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pi (letra)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%AB_(%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%BC)" title="Պի (տառ) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պի (տառ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi" title="Pi – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(huruf_Yunani)" title="Pi (huruf Yunani) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pi (huruf Yunani)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AD_(b%C3%B3kstafur)" title="Pí (bókstafur) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Pí (bókstafur)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(lettera_greca)" title="Pi (lettera greca) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pi (lettera greca)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%99_(%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA)" title="פאי (אות) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פאי (אות)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D)" title="პი (ასო) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პი (ასო)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pai_(herufi)" title="Pai (herufi) – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Pai (herufi)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Пи (эллин шыпас) – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Пи (эллин шыпас)" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AE_(herf)" title="Pî (herf) – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pî (herf)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(littera_Graeca)" title="Pi (littera Graeca) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pi (littera Graeca)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%AB_(burts)" title="Pī (burts) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pī (burts)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(Buschtaf)" title="Pi (Buschtaf) – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Pi (Buschtaf)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8_(%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%84)" title="Пи (гьарф) – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Пи (гьарф)" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(raid%C4%97)" title="Pi (raidė) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pi (raidė)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AD_(bet%C5%B1)" title="Pí (betű) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pí (betű)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8_(%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Пи (буква) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пи (буква)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%88_(%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82)" title="പൈ (അക്ഷരം) – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പൈ (അക്ഷരം)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF_(%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0)" title="पाय (अक्षर) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पाय (अक्षर)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(huruf)" title="Pi (huruf) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pi (huruf)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(c%C3%AA-m%C5%8D%CC%A4)" title="Pi (cê-mō̤) – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Pi (cê-mō̤)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(letter)" title="Pi (letter) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pi (letter)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(bokstav)" title="Pi (bokstav) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pi (bokstav)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokstaven_pi" title="Bokstaven pi – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bokstaven pi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(letra_gr%C3%A8ga)" title="Pi (letra grèga) – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pi (letra grèga)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88_(%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%B0)" title="ਪਾਈ (ਅੱਖਰ) – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਾਈ (ਅੱਖਰ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi" title="Pi – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Pi" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(litera)" title="Pi (litera) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pi (litera)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(Bochstab)" title="Pi (Bochstab) – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Pi (Bochstab)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(liter%C4%83)" title="Pi (literă) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pi (literă)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8_(%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Пи (буква) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пи (буква)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(letter)" title="Pi (letter) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pi (letter)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AD_(gr%C3%A9cke_p%C3%ADsmeno)" title="Pí (grécke písmeno) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pí (grécke písmeno)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(%C4%8Drka)" title="Pi (črka) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pi (črka)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C_(%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AA)" title="پی (پیت) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پی (پیت)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(slovo)" title="Pi (slovo) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Pi (slovo)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(slovo)" title="Pi (slovo) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pi (slovo)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pii_(kirjain)" title="Pii (kirjain) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pii (kirjain)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(bokstav)" title="Pi (bokstav) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pi (bokstav)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2_(%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81)" title="พาย (อักษรกรีก) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พาย (อักษรกรีก)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(harf)" title="Pi (harf) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pi (harf)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96_(%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Пі (літера) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пі (літера)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(kirjam)" title="Pi (kirjam) – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Pi (kirjam)" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(ch%E1%BB%AF_c%C3%A1i)" title="Pi (chữ cái) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pi (chữ cái)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(agi)" title="Pi (agi) – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pi (agi)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99_(%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA)" title="פי (אות) – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פי (אות)" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Π" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" title="Π – Chinese" lang="zh" 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks greek-alphabet-sidebar" style="width:20em"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-top-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pi_uc_lc.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Pi_uc_lc.svg/100px-Pi_uc_lc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Pi_uc_lc.svg/150px-Pi_uc_lc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Pi_uc_lc.svg/200px-Pi_uc_lc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek alphabet</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none;margin-left:0.7em;text-align:left;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Αα</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Alpha" title="Alpha">Alpha</a></td><td> Νν</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Nu_(letter)" title="Nu (letter)">Nu</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Ββ</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Beta" title="Beta">Beta</a></td><td> Ξξ</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Xi_(letter)" title="Xi (letter)">Xi</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Γγ</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Gamma" title="Gamma">Gamma</a></td><td> Οο</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Omicron" title="Omicron">Omicron</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Δδ</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Delta_(letter)" title="Delta (letter)">Delta</a></td><td> Ππ</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pi</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Εε</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Epsilon" title="Epsilon">Epsilon</a></td><td> Ρρ</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Rho" title="Rho">Rho</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Ζζ</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Zeta" title="Zeta">Zeta</a></td><td> Σσς</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Sigma" title="Sigma">Sigma</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Ηη</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Eta" title="Eta">Eta</a></td><td> Ττ</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Tau" title="Tau">Tau</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Θθ</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Theta" title="Theta">Theta</a></td><td> Υυ</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Upsilon" title="Upsilon">Upsilon</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Ιι</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Iota" title="Iota">Iota</a></td><td> Φφ</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Phi" title="Phi">Phi</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Κκ</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Kappa" title="Kappa">Kappa</a></td><td> Χχ</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Chi_(letter)" title="Chi (letter)">Chi</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Λλ</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Lambda" title="Lambda">Lambda</a></td><td> Ψψ</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Psi_(Greek)" title="Psi (Greek)">Psi</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Μμ</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Mu_(letter)" title="Mu (letter)">Mu</a></td><td> Ωω</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Omega" title="Omega">Omega</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Greek_alphabet" title="History of the Greek alphabet">History</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.1em;padding-bottom:0.45em;"> <a href="/wiki/Archaic_Greek_alphabets" title="Archaic Greek alphabets"><b>Archaic local variants</b></a></div> <table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none;margin-left:0.7em;text-align:left;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Ϝ</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/Digamma" title="Digamma">Digamma</a></td><td> Ͱ</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Heta" title="Heta">Heta</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Ϻ</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <a href="/wiki/San_(letter)" title="San (letter)">San</a></td><td> Ϙ</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Koppa_(letter)" title="Koppa (letter)">Koppa</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> Ͷ</td><td style="padding-right:1.0em;"> <div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tsan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsan">Tsan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Digamma#Pamphylian_digamma" title="Digamma">Digamma</a></li></ul></div></td><td> Ͳ</td><td style="padding-right:0.6em;"> <a href="/wiki/Sampi" title="Sampi">Sampi</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Diacritics and other symbols</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; padding-top:0.3em;line-height:1.1em;padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/Greek_diacritics" title="Greek diacritics">Diacritics</a></div> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acute_accent" title="Acute accent">ά</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Grave_accent" title="Grave accent">ὰ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Circumflex" title="Circumflex">ᾶ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Smooth_breathing" title="Smooth breathing">ἀ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Rough_breathing" title="Rough breathing">ἁ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Macron_(diacritic)" title="Macron (diacritic)">ᾱ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Breve" title="Breve">ᾰ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Diaeresis_(diacritic)" title="Diaeresis (diacritic)">ϊ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Iota_subscript" title="Iota subscript">ᾳ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Caron" title="Caron">σ̌</a></li></ul></div> <div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; padding-top:0.3em;line-height:1.1em;padding-bottom:0;"><a href="/wiki/Greek_ligatures" title="Greek ligatures">Ligatures</a></div> <div class="hlist"><ul><li style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Kai_(conjunction)" title="Kai (conjunction)">ϗ</a></li><li style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Stigma_(ligature)" title="Stigma (ligature)">ϛ</a></li></ul></div> <div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; padding-top:0.3em;line-height:1.1em;padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Greek_numerals" title="Greek numerals">Numerals</a> (<a href="/wiki/Attic_numerals" title="Attic numerals">Attic</a>)</div> <div class="hlist"><ul><li style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Digamma" title="Digamma">ϛ <span style="font-size:85%;">(6)</span></a></li><li style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Koppa_(letter)" title="Koppa (letter)">ϟ <span style="font-size:85%;">(90)</span></a></li><li style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Sampi" title="Sampi">ϡ <span style="font-size:85%;">(900)</span></a></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Related topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_letters_used_in_mathematics,_science,_and_engineering" title="Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering">Use as scientific symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_orthography" title="Greek orthography">Orthography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek" title="Romanization of Greek">Romanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrillization_of_Greek" title="Cyrillization of Greek">Cyrillization</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Greek_letters" title="Category:Greek letters">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_alphabet_sidebar" title="Template:Greek alphabet sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_alphabet_sidebar" title="Template talk:Greek alphabet sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_alphabet_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek alphabet sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Pi</b> (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">/ˈpaɪ/</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> /piː/ or /peî/, uppercase <b>Π</b>, lowercase <b>π</b>, <a href="/wiki/Cursive" title="Cursive">cursive</a> <b>ϖ</b>; <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">πι</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="el-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[pi]</a></span>) is the sixteenth letter of the <a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek alphabet</a>, meaning units united, and representing the <a href="/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive">voiceless bilabial plosive</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="el-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[p]</a></span>. In the system of <a href="/wiki/Greek_numerals" title="Greek numerals">Greek numerals</a> it has a value of 80. It was derived from the <a href="/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet" title="Phoenician alphabet">Phoenician</a> letter <a href="/wiki/Pe_(Semitic_letter)" title="Pe (Semitic letter)">Pe</a> (<span style="background-color: white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phoenician_pe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Phoenician_pe.svg/16px-Phoenician_pe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Phoenician_pe.svg/24px-Phoenician_pe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Phoenician_pe.svg/32px-Phoenician_pe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span></span>). Letters that arose from pi include <a href="/wiki/Latin_alphabet" title="Latin alphabet">Latin</a> <a href="/wiki/P" title="P">P</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe_(Cyrillic)" title="Pe (Cyrillic)">Pe</a> (П, п), <a href="/wiki/Coptic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic alphabet">Coptic</a> pi (Ⲡ, ⲡ), and <a href="/wiki/Gothic_alphabet" title="Gothic alphabet">Gothic</a> <a href="/wiki/Pairthra" class="mw-redirect" title="Pairthra">pairthra</a> (𐍀).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uppercase_Pi">Uppercase Pi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pi_(letter)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Uppercase Pi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The uppercase letter Π is used as a symbol for: </p> <ul><li>In textual criticism, <i><a href="/wiki/Codex_Petropolitanus_(New_Testament)" title="Codex Petropolitanus (New Testament)">Codex Petropolitanus</a></i>, a 9th-century <a href="/wiki/Uncial" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncial">uncial</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex" title="Codex">codex</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospels</a>, now located in <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg, Russia">St. Petersburg, Russia</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Legal_shorthand" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal shorthand">legal shorthand</a>, it represents a <a href="/wiki/Plaintiff" title="Plaintiff">plaintiff</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Mathematical_finance" title="Mathematical finance">Mathematical finance</a>, it represents a portfolio.</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Greek_letters_used_in_mathematics,_science,_and_engineering" title="Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering">In science and engineering</a>: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Product_(mathematics)" title="Product (mathematics)">product</a> operator in mathematics, indicated with <a href="/wiki/Multiplication#Capital_pi_notation" title="Multiplication">capital pi notation</a> <span class="texhtml">Π</span> (in analogy to the use of the capital <a href="/wiki/Sigma" title="Sigma">Sigma</a> <span class="texhtml">Σ</span> as <a href="/wiki/Summation" title="Summation">summation</a> symbol).</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Osmotic_pressure" title="Osmotic pressure">osmotic pressure</a> in chemistry.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Viscous_stress_tensor" title="Viscous stress tensor">viscous stress tensor</a> in continuum mechanics and fluid dynamics.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lowercase_Pi">Lowercase Pi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pi_(letter)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Lowercase Pi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The lowercase letter <span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">π</span> is used as a symbol for: </p> <ul><li>The mathematical real <a href="/wiki/Transcendental_number" title="Transcendental number">transcendental</a> (and thus <a href="/wiki/Irrational_number" title="Irrational number">irrational</a>) <a href="/wiki/Pi" title="Pi">constant π</a> ≈ 3.14159..., the ratio of a circle's <a href="/wiki/Circumference" title="Circumference">circumference</a> to its <a href="/wiki/Diameter" title="Diameter">diameter</a> in <a href="/wiki/Euclidean_geometry" title="Euclidean geometry">Euclidean geometry</a>, exactly half of the circle constant. The letter "<span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">π</span>" is the first letter of the Greek words <span lang="grc"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%86%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1#Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="wikt:περιφέρεια">περιφέρεια</a></span> 'periphery' and <span lang="grc"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82#Ancient_Greek" class="extiw" title="wikt:περίμετρος">περίμετρος</a></span> 'perimeter', i.e. the circumference.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Prime-counting_function" title="Prime-counting function">prime-counting function</a> in mathematics.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homotopy_group" title="Homotopy group">Homotopy groups</a> in algebraic topology.</li> <li>Dimensionless parameters constructed using the <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_%CF%80_theorem" title="Buckingham π theorem">Buckingham π theorem</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dimensional_analysis" title="Dimensional analysis">dimensional analysis</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hadron" title="Hadron">hadron</a> called the <a href="/wiki/Pion" title="Pion">pion</a> (pi meson).</li> <li>Often <a href="/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">inflation</a> rate in macroeconomics.</li> <li>Sometimes <a href="/wiki/Profit_(economics)" title="Profit (economics)">profit</a> in microeconomics.</li> <li>A type of <a href="/wiki/Chemical_bond" title="Chemical bond">chemical bond</a> in which the p orbitals overlap, called a <a href="/wiki/Pi_bond" title="Pi bond">pi bond</a>.</li> <li>The natural projection on the <a href="/wiki/Tangent_bundle" title="Tangent bundle">tangent bundle</a> on a <a href="/wiki/Manifold_(mathematics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Manifold (mathematics)">manifold</a>.</li> <li>The unary operation of <a href="/wiki/Projection_(relational_algebra)" title="Projection (relational algebra)">projection</a> in <a href="/wiki/Relational_algebra" title="Relational algebra">relational algebra</a>.</li> <li>Policy in <a href="/wiki/Reinforcement_learning" title="Reinforcement learning">reinforcement learning</a>.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Polyamory_Pride_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Polyamory_Pride_Flag.svg/220px-Polyamory_Pride_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Polyamory_Pride_Flag.svg/330px-Polyamory_Pride_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Polyamory_Pride_Flag.svg/440px-Polyamory_Pride_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a><figcaption>The earliest <a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">polyamory</a> <a href="/wiki/Pride_flag" title="Pride flag">pride flag</a> design, created by Jim Evans in 1995, in which the lowercase letter π stands for the first letter of polyamory.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a> (in the earliest polyamory <a href="/wiki/Pride_flag" title="Pride flag">pride flag</a> design, created by Jim Evans in 1995, pi stands for the first letter of polyamory).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pi_(letter)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pi_(letter)&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>An early form of pi was <span style="background-color: white;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_Pi_archaic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Greek_Pi_archaic.svg/13px-Greek_Pi_archaic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Greek_Pi_archaic.svg/19px-Greek_Pi_archaic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Greek_Pi_archaic.svg/26px-Greek_Pi_archaic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="53" /></a></span></span>, appearing almost like a <a href="/wiki/Gamma" title="Gamma">gamma</a> with a hook.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variant_pi">Variant pi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pi_(letter)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Variant pi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Variant pi</b> or "pomega" (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varpi \,\!}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ϖ</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varpi \,\!}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/603032437006e2b386a0422d82779043853d3086" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; margin-right: -0.387ex; width:2.311ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varpi \,\!}"></span> or ϖ) is a <a href="/wiki/Glyph" title="Glyph">glyph</a> variant of lowercase pi sometimes used in technical contexts. It resembles a lowercase <a href="/wiki/Omega" title="Omega">omega</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Macron_(diacritic)" title="Macron (diacritic)">macron</a>, though historically it is simply a <a href="/wiki/Cursive" title="Cursive">cursive</a> form of pi, with its legs bent inward to meet. It was also used in the <a href="/wiki/Greek_minuscule" title="Greek minuscule">minuscule script</a>. It is a symbol for: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angular_frequency" title="Angular frequency">Angular frequency</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Ocean_surface_wave" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocean surface wave">wave</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fluid_dynamics" title="Fluid dynamics">fluid dynamics</a> (angular frequency is usually represented by <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \omega }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ω</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \omega }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/48eff443f9de7a985bb94ca3bde20813ea737be8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.446ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \omega }"></span> but this may be confused with <a href="/wiki/Vorticity" title="Vorticity">vorticity</a> in a fluid dynamics context).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longitude_of_the_periapsis" class="mw-redirect" title="Longitude of the periapsis">Longitude of pericenter</a> in <a href="/wiki/Celestial_mechanics" title="Celestial mechanics">celestial mechanics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoving_distance" class="mw-redirect" title="Comoving distance">Comoving distance</a> in cosmology.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-scattering_albedo" title="Single-scattering albedo">Single-scattering albedo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Radiative_transfer" title="Radiative transfer">radiative transfer</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mean_fitness" class="mw-redirect" title="Mean fitness">Mean fitness</a> of a population in <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biology</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weight_(representation_theory)" title="Weight (representation theory)">Fundamental weights</a> of a representation (probably to better distinguish from elements <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle w}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>w</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle w}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/88b1e0c8e1be5ebe69d18a8010676fa42d7961e6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.664ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle w}"></span> of the Weyl group, than the usual notation <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \omega }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ω</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \omega }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/48eff443f9de7a985bb94ca3bde20813ea737be8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.446ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \omega }"></span>).</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Lemniscate_constant" title="Lemniscate constant">lemniscate constant</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unicode">Unicode</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pi_(letter)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Unicode"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lower-case pi was fairly common in 8-bit character encodings, for instance it is at <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">0xE3</span> in <a href="/wiki/CP437" class="mw-redirect" title="CP437">CP437</a> and at <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">0xB9</span> on <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_Roman" title="Mac OS Roman">Mac OS Roman</a>. The various forms of pi present in <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> are: </p> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+03A0</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">Π</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PI</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">&Pi;</span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+03C0</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">π</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">GREEK SMALL LETTER PI</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">&pi;</span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+03D6</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ϖ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">GREEK PI SYMBOL</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">&piv;, &varpi;</span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D28</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᴨ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">GREEK LETTER SMALL CAPITAL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+213F</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ℿ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">DOUBLE-STRUCK CAPITAL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+213C</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ℼ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">DOUBLE-STRUCK SMALL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+220F</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">∏</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">N-ARY PRODUCT</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">&prod;, &Product;</span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+2210</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">∐</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">N-ARY COPRODUCT</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">&coprod;, &Coproduct;</span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+2CA0</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">Ⲡ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COPTIC CAPITAL LETTER PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+2CA1</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ⲡ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COPTIC SMALL LETTER PI</span></li></ul> <p>These are intended for use as mathematical symbols. Text written in the Greek language (i.e. words, as opposed to mathematics) should not come from any of the tables on this page, but instead should use the normal Greek letters, which have different code numbers and often a different appearance. Using the mathematical symbols to display words (or vice versa) is likely to result in inconsistent spacing and a clumsy, mismatched appearance: </p> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D6B7</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝚷</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL BOLD CAPITAL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D6D1</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝛑</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL BOLD SMALL PI</span><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D6E1</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝛡</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL BOLD PI SYMBOL</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D6F1</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝛱</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D70B</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝜋</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL ITALIC SMALL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D71B</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝜛</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL ITALIC PI SYMBOL</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D72B</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝜫</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC CAPITAL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D745</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝝅</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC SMALL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D755</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝝕</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC PI SYMBOL</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D765</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝝥</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD CAPITAL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D77F</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝝿</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD SMALL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D78F</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝞏</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD PI SYMBOL</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D79F</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝞟</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD ITALIC CAPITAL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D7B9</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝞹</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD ITALIC SMALL PI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1D7C9</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">𝟉</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD ITALIC PI SYMBOL</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pi_(letter)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%A0" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Π">Π</a></b></i> or <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%80" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:π">π</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pe_(Cyrillic)" title="Pe (Cyrillic)">П, п – Pe (Cyrillic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P" title="P">P, p – Pe (Latin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_letters_used_in_mathematics,_science,_and_engineering#Ππ_(pi)" title="Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering">Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering#Ππ (pi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau" title="Tau">Tau</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pi_(letter)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a 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