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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Adjacent_counties_and_municipalities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adjacent_counties_and_municipalities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Adjacent counties and municipalities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adjacent_counties_and_municipalities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Colonial_settlement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colonial_settlement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Colonial settlement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colonial_settlement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formation_of_Essex_County" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_of_Essex_County"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Formation of Essex County</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_of_Essex_County-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Settlement_1820_to_1870" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Settlement_1820_to_1870"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Settlement 1820 to 1870</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Settlement_1820_to_1870-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Late 19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_Century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_Century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>20th Century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_Century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Essex_County_restructuring,_1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Essex_County_restructuring,_1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.1</span> <span>Essex County restructuring, 1990s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Essex_County_restructuring,_1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Health care</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Emergency_medical_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emergency_medical_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.1</span> <span>Emergency medical services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emergency_medical_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Energy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Energy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Agriculture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tartan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tartan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Tartan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tartan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Essex County, Ontario</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A4%D9%84%DA%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88" title="زسکس بؤلگه‌سی، اونتاریو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="زسکس بؤلگه‌سی، اونتاریو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essex_County_(kondado_sa_Kanada)" title="Essex County (kondado sa Kanada) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Essex County (kondado sa Kanada)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essex_County_(Ontario)" title="Essex County (Ontario) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Essex County (Ontario)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condado_de_Essex_(Ontario)" title="Condado de Essex (Ontario) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Condado de Essex (Ontario)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88" title="شهرستان اسکس، انتاریو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شهرستان اسکس، انتاریو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comt%C3%A9_d%27Essex_(Ontario)" title="Comté d'Essex (Ontario) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Comté d'Essex (Ontario)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contea_di_Essex_(Canada)" title="Contea di Essex (Canada) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Contea di Essex (Canada)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%BB%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9%E9%83%A1_(%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AA%E5%B7%9E)" title="エセックス郡 (オンタリオ州) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エセックス郡 (オンタリオ州)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A4%D9%86%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%8C%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88" title="ایسکس کاؤنٹی،اونٹاریو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایسکس کاؤنٹی،اونٹاریو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrabstwo_Essex_(Ontario)" title="Hrabstwo Essex (Ontario) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hrabstwo Essex (Ontario)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condado_de_Essex_(Ont%C3%A1rio)" title="Condado de Essex (Ontário) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Condado de Essex (Ontário)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_(%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE,_%D0%9E%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE)" title="Эссекс (графство, Онтарио) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эссекс (графство, Онтарио)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontea_Essex_(Kanada)" title="Kontea Essex (Kanada) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kontea Essex (Kanada)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essex_County,_Ontario" title="Essex County, Ontario – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Essex County, Ontario" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essex_County,_Ontario" title="Essex County, Ontario – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Essex County, Ontario" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_(%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE,_%D0%9E%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE)" title="Ессекс (графство, Онтаріо) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ессекс (графство, Онтаріо)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E7%B8%A3_(%E5%AE%89%E5%A4%A7%E7%95%A5%E7%9C%81)" title="艾塞克斯縣 (安大略省) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="艾塞克斯縣 (安大略省)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q953088#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Essex_County,_Ontario" title="Special:EditPage/Essex County, Ontario">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Essex+County%2C+Ontario%22">"Essex County, Ontario"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Essex+County%2C+Ontario%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Essex+County%2C+Ontario%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Essex+County%2C+Ontario%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Essex+County%2C+Ontario%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Essex+County%2C+Ontario%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">County in Ontario, Canada</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Essex County</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Census_divisions_of_Ontario#Counties" class="mw-redirect" title="Census divisions of Ontario">County</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ontario#Upper-tier_municipalities" title="List of municipalities in Ontario">upper-tier</a>)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">County of Essex<br /><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Comté d'Essex</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Essex_County,_Ontario_Flag_(2014_-_present).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Essex County"><img alt="Flag of Essex County" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%282014_-_present%29.svg/100px-Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%282014_-_present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%282014_-_present%29.svg/150px-Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%282014_-_present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%282014_-_present%29.svg/200px-Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%282014_-_present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="288" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Ontario_ESSEX.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Essex County in Ontario"><img alt="Location of Essex County in Ontario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Map_of_Ontario_ESSEX.svg/280px-Map_of_Ontario_ESSEX.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Map_of_Ontario_ESSEX.svg/420px-Map_of_Ontario_ESSEX.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Map_of_Ontario_ESSEX.svg/560px-Map_of_Ontario_ESSEX.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="330" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Essex County in Ontario</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Essex_County,_Ontario&params=42_10_N_82_47_W_region:CA-ON_type:city(192970)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°10′N</span> <span class="longitude">82°47′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.167°N 82.783°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.167; -82.783</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Canada</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settled</th><td class="infobox-data">1749</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Named for</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seat</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Local_government" title="Local government">Local government</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Essex,_Ontario" title="Essex, Ontario">Town of Essex</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Municipalities</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Amherstburg" title="Amherstburg">Amherstburg</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Essex,_Ontario" title="Essex, Ontario">Essex</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Kingsville,_Ontario" title="Kingsville, Ontario">Kingsville</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Lakeshore,_Ontario" title="Lakeshore, Ontario">Lakeshore</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/LaSalle,_Ontario" title="LaSalle, Ontario">LaSalle</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Tecumseh,_Ontario" title="Tecumseh, Ontario">Tecumseh</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario" title="Leamington, Ontario">Leamington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Warden</th><td class="infobox-data">Hilda McDonald</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Deputy Warden</th><td class="infobox-data">Joe Bachetti</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-cp2011_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cp2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">1,662.73 km<sup>2</sup> (641.98 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2021)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">192,970</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC-5" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC-5">UTC-5</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone" title="Eastern Time Zone">EST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC-4" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC-4">UTC-4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone" title="Eastern Time Zone">EDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_codes_519,_226,_and_548" class="mw-redirect" title="Area codes 519, 226, and 548">519/226/548</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.countyofessex.ca/">www.countyofessex.ca</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Essex County</b> is a primarily rural county in <a href="/wiki/Southwestern" class="mw-redirect" title="Southwestern">Southwestern</a> <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, Canada comprising seven municipalities: <a href="/wiki/Amherstburg" title="Amherstburg">Amherstburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingsville,_Ontario" title="Kingsville, Ontario">Kingsville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lakeshore,_Ontario" title="Lakeshore, Ontario">Lakeshore</a>, <a href="/wiki/LaSalle,_Ontario" title="LaSalle, Ontario">LaSalle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario" title="Leamington, Ontario">Leamington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tecumseh,_Ontario" title="Tecumseh, Ontario">Tecumseh</a> and the administrative seat, <a href="/wiki/Essex,_Ontario" title="Essex, Ontario">Essex</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Essex County is composed of seven municipalities (in order of population): </p> <ul><li>Municipality of <a href="/wiki/Lakeshore,_Ontario" title="Lakeshore, Ontario">Lakeshore</a></li> <li>Town of <a href="/wiki/LaSalle,_Ontario" title="LaSalle, Ontario">LaSalle</a></li> <li>Municipality of <a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario" title="Leamington, Ontario">Leamington</a></li> <li>Town of <a href="/wiki/Tecumseh,_Ontario" title="Tecumseh, Ontario">Tecumseh</a></li> <li>Town of <a href="/wiki/Amherstburg" title="Amherstburg">Amherstburg</a></li> <li>Town of <a href="/wiki/Kingsville,_Ontario" title="Kingsville, Ontario">Kingsville</a></li> <li>Town of <a href="/wiki/Essex,_Ontario" title="Essex, Ontario">Essex</a></li></ul> <p>The City of <a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a> and the Township of <a href="/wiki/Pelee,_Ontario" title="Pelee, Ontario">Pelee</a> are within the Essex census division but are not part of Essex County. The census division had a population of 422,860 as of 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Essex County is largely composed of clay-based soils, with sandy soils along the beaches and shores. For the most part, Essex County is flat farmland, with some <a href="/wiki/Woodlot" title="Woodlot">woodlots</a>. There is a small 30–50 foot (10–15 m) high <a href="/wiki/Onondaga_(geological_formation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Onondaga (geological formation)">ridge</a> near Kingsville and Leamington in the southern part of the county, and large marshland near Hillman Marsh Conservation Area, and <a href="/wiki/Point_Pelee_National_Park" title="Point Pelee National Park">Point Pelee National Park</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lake_Saint_Clair_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Saint Clair (North America)">Lake St. Clair</a> is located north, the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_River" title="Detroit River">Detroit River</a> to the west, and the western basin of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie" title="Lake Erie">Lake Erie</a> to the south. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjacent_counties_and_municipalities">Adjacent counties and municipalities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Adjacent counties and municipalities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a> (north)</li> <li>Across <a href="/wiki/Lake_Saint_Clair_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Saint Clair (North America)">Lake St. Clair</a> lies <a href="/wiki/Macomb_County,_Michigan" title="Macomb County, Michigan">Macomb County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a> (north)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatham-Kent,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatham-Kent, Ontario">Chatham-Kent</a> (east)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_County,_Michigan" title="Wayne County, Michigan">Wayne County, Michigan</a>, US (west and northwest)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_County,_Michigan" title="Monroe County, Michigan">Monroe County, Michigan</a>, US (southwest)</li> <li>Across <a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie" title="Lake Erie">Lake Erie</a> lie <a href="/wiki/Lucas_County,_Ohio" title="Lucas County, Ohio">Lucas</a> (southwest), <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_County,_Ohio" title="Ottawa County, Ohio">Ottawa</a> (south), and <a href="/wiki/Erie_County,_Ohio" title="Erie County, Ohio">Erie</a> (southeast) counties, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>, US</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Essex County hosts some of the warmest summer weather in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, given that it is the southernmost part of Canada. It has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> <i>Dfa</i>) with four distinct seasons and a localized maritime climate from the surrounding Great Lakes. </p><p>Average winters are wet and cold with a variety of conditions including <a href="/wiki/Rain" title="Rain">rain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snow" title="Snow">snow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freezing_rain" title="Freezing rain">freezing rain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ice_pellets" title="Ice pellets">sleet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fog" title="Fog">fog</a>. Temperatures and conditions change frequently during the winter months, with short periods of both bitter cold or mild weather. Winter storms are common but usually cause minimal disruption. Essex County resides outside of the <a href="/wiki/Snowbelt" title="Snowbelt">Great Lakes snowbelt</a> and doesn't experience intense lake-effect snow accumulation like other surrounding areas, although strong westerlies off <a href="/wiki/Lake_Michigan" title="Lake Michigan">Lake Michigan</a> can sometimes push snow squalls into the area. </p><p>Summers are hot and humid with an abundance of sunny weather. Like the surrounding <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thunderstorms" class="mw-redirect" title="Thunderstorms">thunderstorms</a> and severe weather are more frequent during the spring and summer months. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Kingsville (1981−2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.0<br />(80.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0<br />(87.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.5<br />(99.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(97.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0<br />(96.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.5<br />(94.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5<br />(79.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1B00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">37.5<br />(99.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.3<br />(31.5) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7<br />(42.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.4<br />(54.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3<br />(75.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8<br />(80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(78.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3<br />(36.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.7<br />(25.3) </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.5<br />(27.5) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9<br />(46.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.4<br />(57.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.9<br />(67.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6<br />(70.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.1<br />(19.2) </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.1<br />(21.0) </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.3<br />(27.9) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br />(38.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1<br />(44.8) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8<br />(35.2) </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.6<br />(25.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.6<br />(42.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #4A4AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−29.0<br />(−20.2) </td> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−26.0<br />(−14.8) </td> <td style="background: #6F6FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−22.0<br />(−7.6) </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13.0<br />(8.6) </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.0<br />(28.4) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.0<br />(23.0) </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.5<br />(11.3) </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−23.0<br />(−9.4) </td> <td style="background: #4A4AFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−29.0<br />(−20.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #A3FFA3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.2<br />(2.41) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.0<br />(2.32) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.0<br />(2.56) </td> <td style="background: #79FF79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.7<br />(3.41) </td> <td style="background: #81FF81; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.2<br />(3.31) </td> <td style="background: #8EFF8E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.3<br />(2.89) </td> <td style="background: #81FF81; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.1<br />(3.31) </td> <td style="background: #86FF86; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.1<br />(3.19) </td> <td style="background: #77FF77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.9<br />(3.46) </td> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.9<br />(2.83) </td> <td style="background: #85FF85; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.0<br />(3.11) </td> <td style="background: #9AFF9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.3<br />(2.65) </td> <td style="background: #8DFF8D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">900.5<br />(35.45) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #CDFFCD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.9<br />(1.30) </td> <td style="background: #C2FFC2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.8<br />(1.45) </td> <td style="background: #B4FFB4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.7<br />(1.96) </td> <td style="background: #7DFF7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.3<br />(3.32) </td> <td style="background: #81FF81; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.2<br />(3.31) </td> <td style="background: #8EFF8E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.3<br />(2.89) </td> <td style="background: #81FF81; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.1<br />(3.31) </td> <td style="background: #86FF86; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.1<br />(3.19) </td> <td style="background: #77FF77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.9<br />(3.46) </td> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.9<br />(2.83) </td> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.4<br />(3.01) </td> <td style="background: #B1FFB1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.9<br />(2.04) </td> <td style="background: #98FF98; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">814.2<br />(32.06) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #005800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">28.3<br />(11.1) </td> <td style="background: #009200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(8.7) </td> <td style="background: #1BFF1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3<br />(6.0) </td> <td style="background: #DAFFDA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(0.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #D8FFD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #18FF18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(6.1) </td> <td style="background: #91FF91; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">86.3<br />(34.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.0 </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3 </td> <td style="background: #9191FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">129.3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6 </td> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3 </td> <td style="background: #9696FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 </td> <td style="background: #6060FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.4 </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3 </td> <td style="background: #9191FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #6E6EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2 </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">111.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #AEAEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5 </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7 </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8 </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.73 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.08 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.96 </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6 </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Environment_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment Canada">Environment Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-climate_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-climate-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonial_settlement">Colonial settlement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Colonial settlement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lighthousecove(lighthouse).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Lighthousecove%28lighthouse%29.jpg/220px-Lighthousecove%28lighthouse%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Lighthousecove%28lighthouse%29.jpg/330px-Lighthousecove%28lighthouse%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Lighthousecove%28lighthouse%29.jpg/440px-Lighthousecove%28lighthouse%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Thames River Lighthouse, in Essex County, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, built in 1818.</figcaption></figure> <p>The area that has come to be known as Essex was one of the first counties to be settled by non-indigenous people in <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper Canada</a>, later to become <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>. The settlements were mostly established by French settlers in the mid-18th century. Around 1749, the first permanent settlements began to appear on what is now the south or Canadian side of the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_River" title="Detroit River">Detroit River</a>, across from the French Fort Detroit. They cultivated long, narrow plots of land along the river. Despite the name, this is not a river as such but rather a strait connecting <a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Lake Huron</a> and the smaller <a href="/wiki/Lake_Saint_Clair" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Saint Clair">Lake Saint Clair</a> in the north to <a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie" title="Lake Erie">Lake Erie</a> in the south, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="All of this information needs a source. (April 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Lower down the river, lands were occupied by native people known as <a href="/wiki/Wyandot_people" title="Wyandot people">Wyandot</a> or Huron, around the Jesuit Catholic Mission of Bois Blanc (French for White Wood), opposite the island of the same name. The Mission was eventually abandoned and re-established closer to what became <a href="/wiki/Sandwich,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandwich, Ontario">Sandwich Township</a> after the British took over the French territory following the Seven Years' War. It was closer to the safety of the British-fortified <a href="/wiki/Fort_Detroit" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Detroit">Fort Detroit</a>. When farmers arrived, they encountered difficulty in trying to clear the extremely thick forests that covered Essex County. The farmers grew to "hate" the trees, and chopped them down, starved them from nourishment by cutting deep gashes in the bark, and burned them to clear the way to get to the fertile soils underneath. The fires were so intense, that the reddish glow could be seen from <a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Fort Chicago</a>, 300 miles (500 km) away, as millions of cords of wood burned. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Atlas_of_the_Dominion._Counties_of_Kent_and_Essex._Province_of_Ontario._CTASC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Atlas_of_the_Dominion._Counties_of_Kent_and_Essex._Province_of_Ontario._CTASC.jpg/220px-Atlas_of_the_Dominion._Counties_of_Kent_and_Essex._Province_of_Ontario._CTASC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Atlas_of_the_Dominion._Counties_of_Kent_and_Essex._Province_of_Ontario._CTASC.jpg/330px-Atlas_of_the_Dominion._Counties_of_Kent_and_Essex._Province_of_Ontario._CTASC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Atlas_of_the_Dominion._Counties_of_Kent_and_Essex._Province_of_Ontario._CTASC.jpg/440px-Atlas_of_the_Dominion._Counties_of_Kent_and_Essex._Province_of_Ontario._CTASC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="462" /></a><figcaption>Historical map that includes Essex County (1875)</figcaption></figure> <p>Settlement continued southward along the river and was known as Petite Côte (Small Coast), which was a reference to the shorter length of river frontage compared to the Detroit/American side. Landmarks were named for settler <a href="/wiki/La_Salle_(surname)" title="La Salle (surname)">LaSalle</a> and the local <a href="/wiki/Ojibway" class="mw-redirect" title="Ojibway">Ojibway</a>, which continue to be in use. The first road in Ontario was laid out to connect the settlements, which is now over 200 years old and is known as <a href="/wiki/Highway_18_(Ontario)" class="mw-redirect" title="Highway 18 (Ontario)">Former King's Highway 18</a> (now County Road 20). </p><p>When river frontage along the Petite Côte was occupied, settlement began to extend toward <a href="/wiki/Lake_Saint_Clair_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Saint Clair (North America)">Lake St. Clair</a>, which became known as the "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Assumption_Settlement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assumption Settlement (page does not exist)">Assumption Settlement</a>", for the name of its Catholic church. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the French ventured east along the south shore of Lake Saint Clair and settled in the present-day areas of Belle River (Belle-Rivière), Rochester, Tecumseh, Saint-Joachim and Stoney Point (Pointe-aux-Roches). These communities still have a large <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">francophone</a> population. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Amherstburg,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Amherstburg, Ontario">Amherstburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sandwich,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandwich, Ontario">Sandwich</a> were the first towns established in Essex County, both in 1796 after the British finally ceded and evacuated <a href="/wiki/Fort_Detroit" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Detroit">Fort Detroit</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_River" title="Detroit River">Detroit River</a> under the terms of the "<a href="/wiki/Jay_Treaty" title="Jay Treaty">Jay Treaty</a>". This was negotiated by <a href="/wiki/John_Jay" title="John Jay">John Jay</a>, and signed in 1794 following the American Revolutionary War. It was intended to settle the US northern boundary with Canada. It upheld the original boundary lines along the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a> between the US and <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper Canada</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris of 1783</a> and the wider set of treaties known as the <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Peace of Paris (1783)">Peace of Paris</a>, which ended the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a> (1775–1783) and overseas European and multi-continental wars. Britain <a href="/wiki/Cession" title="Cession">ceded</a> the territory of eastern <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a> to be the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States" title="History of the United States">United States</a>. </p><p>The British built <a href="/wiki/Fort_Malden" title="Fort Malden">Fort Malden</a> near Amherstburg, opposite <a href="/wiki/Bois_Blanc_Island_(Ontario)" title="Bois Blanc Island (Ontario)">Bois Blanc Island</a>, separating the British military presence from the more heavily populated area of <a href="/wiki/Sandwich,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandwich, Ontario">Sandwich</a> upstream, and positioned strategically to control the entrance of the river from <a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie" title="Lake Erie">Lake Erie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Lake Huron</a> to the north. The populations of both towns were augmented by people immigrating from the southern <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> after the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> (1775–1783), including from <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">the new City of Detroit</a>, who chose to remain <a href="/wiki/British_subjects" class="mw-redirect" title="British subjects">British subjects</a>, known as "<a href="/wiki/Loyalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Loyalists">Loyalists</a>" or "<a href="/wiki/United_Empire_Loyalists" class="mw-redirect" title="United Empire Loyalists">United Empire Loyalists</a>". </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a> (1812–1815), which also was a confrontation over the northern border, some people continued to migrate north to the area. Settlers also arrived from the east seeking land, traveling by <a href="/wiki/Lake_Ontario" title="Lake Ontario">Lake Ontario</a> and the <a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_River" title="St. Lawrence River">St. Lawrence River</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lower_Canada" title="Lower Canada">Lower Canada</a>. Settlers began to move eastward along the north shore of Lake Erie. </p><p>The colonial government purchased land for development from the Indigenous in the southern half of the current county, located in the four townships formerly known as Gosfield North and South, and Colchester North and South. The British Court made land available for settlement, provided that the colonist complete certain improvements within a year and that it not be used for speculation. This area became known as the "New Settlement" (as compared to the "Old Settlement" of the towns of Amherstburg and Sandwich. Settlers in this area included <a href="/wiki/Hessian_(soldiers)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hessian (soldiers)">Hessians</a> who fought for the British against the American rebels, (especially known in history at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trenton" title="Battle of Trenton">Battle of Trenton</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> on the morning of December 26, 1776) and <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Dutch" title="Pennsylvania Dutch">Pennsylvania Dutch</a> pacifists (ethnic German <a href="/wiki/Mennonites" title="Mennonites">Mennonites</a>, many from <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_of_Essex_County">Formation of Essex County</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Formation of Essex County"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1791, the province of <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper Canada</a> was formed. In 1792, Upper Canada was divided into nineteen counties, of which Essex was the eighteenth and part of the <a href="/wiki/Western_District,_Upper_Canada" title="Western District, Upper Canada">Western District</a>. At that time, the eastern boundary of Essex County extended further east into what is now <a href="/wiki/Kent_County,_Ontario" title="Kent County, Ontario">Kent County</a>. Settlement continued: on January 1, 1800, an <b>Act for the Better Division of the Province</b> established the Townships of Rochester, Mersea, Gosfield, Maidstone, Sandwich and Malden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Settlement_1820_to_1870">Settlement 1820 to 1870</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Settlement 1820 to 1870"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22Underground%22_routes_to_Canada,_Map_cropped_to_display_Southern_Ontario,_Canada.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/%22Underground%22_routes_to_Canada%2C_Map_cropped_to_display_Southern_Ontario%2C_Canada.jpg/220px-%22Underground%22_routes_to_Canada%2C_Map_cropped_to_display_Southern_Ontario%2C_Canada.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/%22Underground%22_routes_to_Canada%2C_Map_cropped_to_display_Southern_Ontario%2C_Canada.jpg/330px-%22Underground%22_routes_to_Canada%2C_Map_cropped_to_display_Southern_Ontario%2C_Canada.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/%22Underground%22_routes_to_Canada%2C_Map_cropped_to_display_Southern_Ontario%2C_Canada.jpg/440px-%22Underground%22_routes_to_Canada%2C_Map_cropped_to_display_Southern_Ontario%2C_Canada.jpg 2x" data-file-width="864" data-file-height="576" /></a><figcaption>A number of settlements of Black slaves in Essex County are identified on this 1898 <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%22Underground%22_routes_to_Canada_(NYPL_b10341074-5365491).jpg">map</a> of <i>"Underground" Routes to Canada</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chadwick_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chadwick-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Longer roads began to appear in the county after the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>, the first of which followed Indian trails. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Talbot_(Upper_Canada)" title="Thomas Talbot (Upper Canada)">Colonel Thomas Talbot</a> contributed to road development, and Talbot Road was named for him. Talbot Road followed a natural ridge of glacial moraine which stretched from Windsor to <a href="/wiki/Point_Pelee" class="mw-redirect" title="Point Pelee">Point Pelee</a>. </p><p>The establishment of good roads led to further settlement along the 'Middle Road' and in the area of what is now <a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario" title="Leamington, Ontario">Leamington</a>. Settlers of this era were often emigrants from Britain and Ireland; in the 1840s the <a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Great Famine</a> led to significant immigration. The village of Maidstone was the centre of the Irish community, and an area known as the "Scotch Colony" appeared along the shore of Lake St. Clair to the north. </p><p>In 1854 the <a href="/wiki/Great_Western_Railway_(Ontario)" title="Great Western Railway (Ontario)">Great Western Railway</a> connected the Detroit frontier with the east, crossing Essex County. The Canadian terminal was in Windsor, which consequently forged ahead of the other towns of the county. Other railway lines were built that connected settlements in Kingsville, Harrow, Essex and Leamington. </p><p>Essex County was also a destination of the <a href="/wiki/Underground_Railroad" title="Underground Railroad">Underground Railroad</a>. In the 19th-century Black Americans came to Essex county by way of <a href="/wiki/Point_Pelee_National_Park" title="Point Pelee National Park">Pelee's Point</a>, Gosfield (now <a href="/wiki/Kingsville,_Ontario" title="Kingsville, Ontario">Kingsville</a>), <a href="/wiki/Colchester,_Ontario" title="Colchester, Ontario">Colchester</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandwich,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandwich, Ontario">Sandwich</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Switala_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Switala-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those who stayed in the area settled in the communities of <a href="/wiki/Fort_Malden" title="Fort Malden">Fort Malden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandwich,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandwich, Ontario">Sandwich</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Canaan,_Ontario" title="New Canaan, Ontario">New Canaan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario" title="Leamington, Ontario">Mersea</a>, and nearby <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dawn_Settlement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dawn Settlement (page does not exist)">Dawn Settlement</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Dresden,_Ontario" title="Dresden, Ontario">Dresden</a>), <a href="/wiki/Buxton" title="Buxton">Buxton</a> (now <a href="/wiki/North_Buxton,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="North Buxton, Ontario">North Buxton</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Buxton,_Ontario" title="South Buxton, Ontario">South Buxton</a>), <a href="/wiki/Chatham,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatham, Ontario">Chatham</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Elgin,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Elgin, Ontario">Elgin</a>. The major settlement areas were <a href="/wiki/Amherstburg,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Amherstburg, Ontario">Amherstburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Switala_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Switala-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Chadwick_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chadwick-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/John_Freeman_Walls_Historic_Site" title="John Freeman Walls Historic Site">John Freeman Walls Historic Site</a> in Maidstone (<a href="/wiki/Lakeshore,_Ontario" title="Lakeshore, Ontario">Lakeshore</a>) is testament to this period. Many of the descendants of the fugitives moved back to the United States to support the Northerners (<a href="/wiki/Union_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Army">Union Army</a>) in the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, (1861–1865), or to reconnect with family after <a href="/wiki/Emancipation_Proclamation" title="Emancipation Proclamation">emancipation</a>. Many families stayed.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_19th_century">Late 19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Late 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Essex_County_Ontario_1881.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Essex_County_Ontario_1881.jpg/220px-Essex_County_Ontario_1881.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Essex_County_Ontario_1881.jpg/330px-Essex_County_Ontario_1881.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Essex_County_Ontario_1881.jpg/440px-Essex_County_Ontario_1881.jpg 2x" data-file-width="706" data-file-height="551" /></a><figcaption>Map showing the townships of Essex County in 1881. From the <i>Illustrated atlas of the Dominion of Canada</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>By the late 19th century Essex County had seen fur trading and logging, land clearing and farming, road building and railway development, saw mills and gristmills, railway stations and water ports. By this time the forests were being removed to make way for farmland. </p><p>Also noticeable in some farmers' fields are <a href="/wiki/Pumpjack" title="Pumpjack">oil pumps</a>, particularly near <a href="/wiki/Belle_River,_Ontario" title="Belle River, Ontario">Belle River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario" title="Leamington, Ontario">Leamington</a>, in the northern and eastern parts of the county, respectively. This is from <a href="/wiki/Oil_shale" title="Oil shale">oil shale</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Bedrock" title="Bedrock">bedrock</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Marcellus_Formation" title="Marcellus Formation">Marcellus Formation</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_Century">20th Century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 20th Century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Essex_County_restructuring,_1990s"><span id="Essex_County_restructuring.2C_1990s"></span>Essex County restructuring, 1990s</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Essex County restructuring, 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Essex_County,_Ontario_Flag_(pre-2014).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%28pre-2014%29.svg/220px-Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%28pre-2014%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%28pre-2014%29.svg/330px-Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%28pre-2014%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%28pre-2014%29.svg/440px-Essex_County%2C_Ontario_Flag_%28pre-2014%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="288" /></a><figcaption>Flag of Essex County, in use until 2014.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1992, discussions began to take place to reduce the number of individual municipalities, which at the time numbered 21 in the county. This culminated on January 1, 1999, when a Minister's Order by the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Minister_of_Municipal_Affairs_and_Housing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ontario Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing">Ontario Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing</a> was implemented, putting in place the new municipal structure for the County of Essex. </p> <table class="wikitable" align="right"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#eeeeee"> <td><b>Township</b> </td> <td><b>Township seat</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anderdon_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Anderdon Township, Ontario">Anderdon Township</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amherstburg,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Amherstburg, Ontario">Amherstburg</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colchester_North_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colchester North Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Colchester North</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Essex,_Ontario" title="Essex, Ontario">Essex</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Colchester_South_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Colchester South Township, Ontario">Colchester South</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harrow,_Ontario" title="Harrow, Ontario">Harrow</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosfield_North_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gosfield North Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Gosfield North</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cottam,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Cottam, Ontario">Cottam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosfield_South_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gosfield South Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Gosfield South</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingsville,_Ontario" title="Kingsville, Ontario">Kingsville</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maidstone_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Maidstone Township, Ontario">Maidstone</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belle_River,_Ontario" title="Belle River, Ontario">Belle River</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Malden_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Malden Township, Ontario">Malden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malden_Centre,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Malden Centre, Ontario">Malden Centre</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mersea_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Mersea Township, Ontario">Mersea</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario" title="Leamington, Ontario">Leamington</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Rochester Township, Ontario">Rochester</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Joachim,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Joachim, Ontario">St. Joachim</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandwich_East_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandwich East Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Sandwich East</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandwich_South_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandwich South Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Sandwich South</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tecumseh,_Ontario" title="Tecumseh, Ontario">Tecumseh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandwich_West_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandwich West Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Sandwich West</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/LaSalle,_Ontario" title="LaSalle, Ontario">LaSalle</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tilbury_North_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tilbury North Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Tilbury North</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stoney_Point,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Stoney Point, Ontario">Stoney Point</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tilbury_West_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Tilbury West Township, Ontario">Tilbury West</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Comber,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Comber, Ontario">Comber</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Townships: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anderdon_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Anderdon Township, Ontario">Anderdon</a> - Now part of Amherstburg</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colchester_North_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colchester North Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Colchester North</a> - Now part of Essex</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colchester_South_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Colchester South Township, Ontario">Colchester South</a> - Now part of Essex</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosfield_North_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gosfield North Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Gosfield North</a> - Now part of Kingsville</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gosfield_South_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gosfield South Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Gosfield South</a> - Now part of Kingsville</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maidstone_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Maidstone Township, Ontario">Maidstone</a> - Now part of Lakeshore</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malden_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Malden Township, Ontario">Malden</a> - Now part of Amherstburg</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersea_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Mersea Township, Ontario">Mersea</a> - Now part of Leamington</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Rochester Township, Ontario">Rochester</a> - Now part of Lakeshore</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandwich_East_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandwich East Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Sandwich East</a> - Parts in Windsor and in Tecumseh</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandwich_South_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandwich South Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Sandwich South</a> - Now in Tecumseh</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandwich_West_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandwich West Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Sandwich West</a> - Parts in LaSalle and in Windsor</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tilbury_North_Township,_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tilbury North Township, Ontario (page does not exist)">Tilbury North</a> - Now in Lakeshore</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilbury_West_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Tilbury West Township, Ontario">Tilbury West</a> - Now in Lakeshore</li></ul> <p>Towns: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amherstburg,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Amherstburg, Ontario">Amherstburg, Ontario</a> (former town of, now merged with Anderdon Twp. and Malden Twp.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_River,_Ontario" title="Belle River, Ontario">Belle River, Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex,_Ontario" title="Essex, Ontario">Essex, Ontario</a> (former town of, merged with Colchester N. Twp. and Colchester S. Twp.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow,_Ontario" title="Harrow, Ontario">Harrow, Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsville,_Ontario" title="Kingsville, Ontario">Kingsville, Ontario</a> (former town of, merged with Gosfield N. Twp. and Gosfield S. Twp.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lasalle,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Lasalle, Ontario">Lasalle, Ontario</a> (former part of Sandwich Town)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario" title="Leamington, Ontario">Leamington, Ontario</a> (former town of, merged with Mersea Twp.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Clair_Beach,_Ontario" title="St. Clair Beach, Ontario">St. Clair Beach, Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecumseh,_Ontario" title="Tecumseh, Ontario">Tecumseh, Ontario</a> (former town of, merged with Sandwich S. Twp)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:17em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical populations</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_1996_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 1996 Census">1996</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">152,352</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2001_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2001 Census">2001</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">165,501</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+8.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2006_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2006 Census">2006</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">176,642</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2011_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2011 Census">2011</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">177,720</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2016_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2016 Census">2016</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">181,530</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+2.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2021_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2021 Census">2021</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">192,970</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.3%</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>As a <a href="/wiki/Census_divisions_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Census divisions of Canada">census division</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_census" title="2021 Canadian census">2021 Census of Population</a> conducted by <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>, Essex County had a population of <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005422860000000000♠"></span>422,860</span> living in <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005165787000000000♠"></span>165,787</span> of its <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005174446000000000♠"></span>174,446</span> total private dwellings, a change of <span data-sort-value="7000599243519913373♠" style="display:none"></span>6% from its 2016 population of <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005398953000000000♠"></span>398,953</span>. With a land area of 1,844.21 km<sup>2</sup> (712.05 sq mi), it had a population density of <span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7002229290590550967♠"></span>229.3/km<sup>2</sup> (593.9/sq mi) in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-2021census_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021census-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The County of Essex is governed by a County Council, whose members are the <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">mayors</a> and deputy mayors from the seven lower-tier municipalities of the county. The Head of Council is known as the Warden. The term of office for County Councillors and the Warden coincides with the frequency of municipal elections in Ontario, in other words a person elected to be Mayor of Leamington, for example, will be a member of County Council for the term that she or he is Mayor. Hilda MacDonald, Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario" title="Leamington, Ontario">Leamington</a>, was chosen to be Warden at the most recent election. A complete list (from 1853 to present) of the past Wardens of Essex County can be found online.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>County government is responsible for issues that include transportation, community and social services (e.g. homes for the aged, child care, social housing), libraries, planning, emergency management coordination and corporate-wide business such as finance and taxation policies, general corporate policy and labour relations. The County does not have a police force or fire services, for which the seven municipalities are responsible. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_secondary_schools_in_Ontario#Essex_County" title="List of secondary schools in Ontario">List of secondary schools in Ontario § Essex County</a></div> <p>English-language public education for kindergarten through secondary school grades in Essex County is administered by the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Essex_County_District_School_Board" title="Greater Essex County District School Board">Greater Essex County District School Board</a>, along with the <a href="/wiki/Windsor-Essex_Catholic_District_School_Board" title="Windsor-Essex Catholic District School Board">Windsor-Essex Catholic District School Board</a> which oversees English-language Catholic education. </p><p>French-language public and Catholic education are overseen by the <a href="/wiki/Conseil_scolaire_Viamonde" title="Conseil scolaire Viamonde">Conseil scolaire Viamonde</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Conseil_scolaire_catholique_Providence" title="Conseil scolaire catholique Providence">Conseil scolaire catholique Providence</a> respectively. The scope of all of these organizations includes both the County and the City of Windsor. </p><p>Until 1998 the <a href="/wiki/Essex_County_Board_of_Education" title="Essex County Board of Education">Essex County Board of Education</a> operated Anglophone secular public schools. </p><p>Public post-secondary education is available at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Windsor" title="University of Windsor">University of Windsor</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Clair_College" title="St. Clair College">St. Clair College</a>, and more recently <a href="/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_Bor%C3%A9al" title="Collège Boréal">Collège Boréal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Health care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Emergency_medical_services">Emergency medical services</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Emergency medical services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Essex-Windsor Emergency Medical Services (EMS) provides pre-hospital treatment and transportation to over 45,000 patients per year. The service operates out of 12 bases, and employs over 260 <a href="/wiki/Paramedics_in_Canada#Primary_Care_Paramedics" title="Paramedics in Canada">Primary Care Paramedics</a>. Essex-Windsor EMS covers all of Essex County, Windsor, and Pelee Island.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energy">Energy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Energy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Essexcountywindmills.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Essexcountywindmills.jpg/220px-Essexcountywindmills.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Essexcountywindmills.jpg/330px-Essexcountywindmills.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Essexcountywindmills.jpg/440px-Essexcountywindmills.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wind_turbine" title="Wind turbine">Wind turbines</a> in Essex County, Ontario, Canada.</figcaption></figure> <p>Essex County is home to Canada's largest <a href="/wiki/Wind_farm" title="Wind farm">wind farm</a> as of June 2012. This is due to both its ideal wind conditions and abundance of available farmland.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Essex County has one of Canada's longest growing seasons at 212 days per year.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leamington, a town in Essex County, has also been known for its <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse" title="Greenhouse">greenhouses</a>. It now has the largest concentration of commercial greenhouses in all of North America, with nearly 2000 acres of greenhouse vegetable production in the general area.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Major products of the greenhouse industry, in addition to tomatoes, are <a href="/wiki/Capsicum" title="Capsicum">peppers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">cannabis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cucumber" title="Cucumber">cucumbers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">roses</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Flower" title="Flower">flowers</a>. </p><p>Major employers include Highbury Canco, <a href="/wiki/Aphria_Inc." title="Aphria Inc.">Aphria</a>, FortDearborn, Highline Mushrooms, <a href="/wiki/ElringKlinger" title="ElringKlinger">Elring-Klinger</a>, Nature Fresh Farms, <a href="/wiki/Hub_International" title="Hub International">Hub International</a>, Lakeside Produce and AMCO Farms. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Essex County is home to 13 <a href="/wiki/Vintners_Quality_Alliance" title="Vintners Quality Alliance">VQA</a> <a href="/wiki/Winery" title="Winery">wineries</a> that are a part of Ontario's southernmost <a href="/wiki/Appellation" title="Appellation">appellation</a>. At the same latitude as the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_basin" title="Mediterranean basin">Mediterranean</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_wine" title="Ontario wine">Lake Erie North Shore Region</a> provides a unique climate in a continental region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tartan">Tartan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Tartan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EssexCountyTartan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3e/EssexCountyTartan.jpg/220px-EssexCountyTartan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/3e/EssexCountyTartan.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="268" data-file-height="180" /></a><figcaption>Essex County's Official <a href="/wiki/Tartan" title="Tartan">Tartan</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Essex County also has an official <a href="/wiki/Tartan" title="Tartan">tartan</a>. </p><p>The tartan's colours correspond to different meanings. </p> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Golden" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Golden">Golden</a>/<a href="/wiki/Yellow" title="Yellow">Yellow</a> is meant to stand for <a href="/wiki/Sunlight" title="Sunlight">sunshine</a>, also for the rich agriculture and golden harvests of the many farmed plants (<a href="/wiki/Grain" title="Grain">grains</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">corn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">soybeans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oat" title="Oat">oats</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green" title="Green">Green</a> stands for the spring fields around Essex County.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">Red</a> represents tomatoes, as <a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario" title="Leamington, Ontario">Leamington</a> is the "Tomato Capital of Canada", and for other fruits, such as <a href="/wiki/Apple" title="Apple">apples</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue" title="Blue">Blue</a> stands for the blue skies and the <a href="/wiki/Waterway" title="Waterway">waterways</a> of the county.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black" title="Black">Black</a> is meant to represent the <a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">automotive industry</a> that fuels <a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a> and Essex County.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White" title="White">White</a> represents the <a href="/wiki/Salt_mine" class="mw-redirect" title="Salt mine">salt mines</a> in Windsor and western Essex County, and <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a> in the surrounding rivers and lakes.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Amherstburg#Notable_people" title="Amherstburg">Amherstburg § Notable people</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario#Notable_people" title="Leamington, Ontario">Leamington, Ontario § Notable people</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Crowder" title="Bruce Crowder">Bruce Crowder</a> and <a href="/wiki/Keith_Crowder" title="Keith Crowder">Keith Crowder</a>, retired NHL players</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richie_Hawtin" title="Richie Hawtin">Richie Hawtin</a>, electronic music artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Lemire" title="Jeff Lemire">Jeff Lemire</a>, comic book artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Miner" title="Jack Miner">Jack Miner</a>, naturalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Willson" title="Luke Willson">Luke Willson</a>, retired NFL player</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/48px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/64px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ontario" title="Portal:Ontario">Ontario portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essex_Tech_Center" title="Essex Tech Center">Essex Tech Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ontario" title="List of municipalities in Ontario">List of municipalities in Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_townships_in_Ontario" title="List of townships in Ontario">List of townships in Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Underground_Railroad_sites" title="List of Underground Railroad sites">List of Underground Railroad sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsville,_Ontario" title="Kingsville, Ontario">Town of Kingsville</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-cp2011-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cp2011_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160819085715/http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CD&Code1=3537&Geo2=PR&Code2=35&Data=Count&SearchText=Essex&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1">"Essex County census profile"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Canada_2011_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2011 Census">2011 Census of Population</a></i>. Statistics Canada. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CD&Code1=3537&Geo2=PR&Code2=35&Data=Count&SearchText=Essex&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1">the original</a> on August 19, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 28,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2011+Census+of+Population&rft.atitle=Essex+County+census+profile&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww12.statcan.ca%2Fcensus-recensement%2F2011%2Fdp-pd%2Fprof%2Fdetails%2Fpage.cfm%3FLang%3DE%26Geo1%3DCD%26Code1%3D3537%26Geo2%3DPR%26Code2%3D35%26Data%3DCount%26SearchText%3DEssex%26SearchType%3DBegins%26SearchPR%3D01%26B1%3DAll%26Custom%3D%26TABID%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=essex&DGUIDlist=2021A00033537&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0">"Essex, County [Census division] census profile"</a>. <i>Statistics Canada</i>. February 9, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statistics+Canada&rft.atitle=Essex%2C+County+%5BCensus+division%5D+census+profile&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww12.statcan.gc.ca%2Fcensus-recensement%2F2021%2Fdp-pd%2Fprof%2Fdetails%2Fpage.cfm%3FLang%3DE%26SearchText%3Dessex%26DGUIDlist%3D2021A00033537%26GENDERlist%3D1%2C2%2C3%26STATISTIClist%3D1%26HEADERlist%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-climate-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-climate_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=4647&lang=e&dCode=0&province=ONT&provBut=Go&month1=0&month2=12">"Kingsville MOE"</a>. <i>Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010</i>. <a href="/wiki/Environment_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment Canada">Environment Canada</a>. October 31, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Climate+Normals+1981%E2%80%932010&rft.atitle=Kingsville+MOE&rft.date=2011-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclimate.weather.gc.ca%2Fclimate_normals%2Fresults_1981_2010_e.html%3FstnID%3D4647%26lang%3De%26dCode%3D0%26province%3DONT%26provBut%3DGo%26month1%3D0%26month2%3D12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chadwick-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chadwick_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chadwick_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChadwick1999" class="citation book cs1">Chadwick, Bruce (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/travelingundergr00chad"><i>Traveling the underground railroad : a visitor's guide to more than 300 sites</i></a></span>. Secaucus, NJ: Carol Pub. Group. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/travelingundergr00chad/page/272">272</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0806520930" title="Special:BookSources/0806520930"><bdi>0806520930</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Traveling+the+underground+railroad+%3A+a+visitor%27s+guide+to+more+than+300+sites&rft.place=Secaucus%2C+NJ&rft.pages=272&rft.pub=Carol+Pub.+Group&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0806520930&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftravelingundergr00chad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Switala-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Switala_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Switala_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwitala2006" class="citation book cs1">Switala, William (2006). <i>Underground railroad in New Jersey and New York</i>. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books. p. 144. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780811746298" title="Special:BookSources/9780811746298"><bdi>9780811746298</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Underground+railroad+in+New+Jersey+and+New+York&rft.place=Mechanicsburg%2C+PA&rft.pages=144&rft.pub=Stackpole+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780811746298&rft.aulast=Switala&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFG.1981" class="citation book cs1">G., Hill, Daniel (1981). <i>The freedom-seekers : Blacks in early Canada</i>. Agincourt, Canada: Book Society of Canada. p. 48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0772552835" title="Special:BookSources/0772552835"><bdi>0772552835</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/8114887">8114887</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+freedom-seekers+%3A+Blacks+in+early+Canada&rft.place=Agincourt%2C+Canada&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Book+Society+of+Canada&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F8114887&rft.isbn=0772552835&rft.aulast=G.&rft.aufirst=Hill%2C+Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_B’bériReid-MaroneyWright2014" class="citation book cs1">de B’béri, Boulou Ebanda; Reid-Maroney, Nina; Wright, Handel Kashope (2014). <i>The Promised Land: History and Historiography of the Black Experience in Chatham-Kent's Settlements and Beyond</i>. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781442667464" title="Special:BookSources/9781442667464"><bdi>9781442667464</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Promised+Land%3A+History+and+Historiography+of+the+Black+Experience+in+Chatham-Kent%27s+Settlements+and+Beyond&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781442667464&rft.aulast=de+B%E2%80%99b%C3%A9ri&rft.aufirst=Boulou+Ebanda&rft.au=Reid-Maroney%2C+Nina&rft.au=Wright%2C+Handel+Kashope&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021census-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2021census_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000701">"Population and dwelling counts: Canada and census divisions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>. February 9, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+and+dwelling+counts%3A+Canada+and+census+divisions&rft.pub=Statistics+Canada&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww150.statcan.gc.ca%2Ft1%2Ftbl1%2Fen%2Ftv.action%3Fpid%3D9810000701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203012119/http://www.countyofessex.on.ca/wps/wcm/connect/COE/COE/ABOUT+ESSEX+COUNTY/History+of+Essex+County/Essex+County+Wardens+%281853-2014%29/">"County of Essex: Wardens of Essex County (1853-2014)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.countyofessex.on.ca/wps/wcm/connect/COE/COE/ABOUT+ESSEX+COUNTY/History+of+Essex+County/Essex+County+Wardens+%281853-2014%29/">the original</a> on December 3, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=County+of+Essex%3A+Wardens+of+Essex+County+%281853-2014%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.countyofessex.on.ca%2Fwps%2Fwcm%2Fconnect%2FCOE%2FCOE%2FABOUT%2BESSEX%2BCOUNTY%2FHistory%2Bof%2BEssex%2BCounty%2FEssex%2BCounty%2BWardens%2B%25281853-2014%2529%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.countyofessex.on.ca/en/residents/ambulance.asp">"Essex-Windsor Emergency Medical Services (EMS)"</a>. County of Essex<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 1,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Essex-Windsor+Emergency+Medical+Services+%28EMS%29&rft.pub=County+of+Essex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.countyofessex.on.ca%2Fen%2Fresidents%2Fambulance.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall2012" class="citation news cs1">Hall, Dave (June 5, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://windsorstar.com/business/33698">"Essex County home to Canada's largest wind farm"</a>. <i>Windsor Star</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 14,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Windsor+Star&rft.atitle=Essex+County+home+to+Canada%27s+largest+wind+farm&rft.date=2012-06-05&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwindsorstar.com%2Fbusiness%2F33698&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.countyofessex.ca/en/doing-business/community-profile.aspx">"Community Profile"</a>. <i>www.countyofessex.ca</i>. April 24, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.countyofessex.ca&rft.atitle=Community+Profile&rft.date=2024-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.countyofessex.ca%2Fen%2Fdoing-business%2Fcommunity-profile.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.leamington.ca/en/business/utilitiesandrates.aspx#Agriculture">"Key Industries"</a>. <i>www.leamington.ca</i>. January 30, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.leamington.ca&rft.atitle=Key+Industries&rft.date=2023-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.leamington.ca%2Fen%2Fbusiness%2Futilitiesandrates.aspx%23Agriculture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEssex+County%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>John Clarke. <i>The Ordinary People of Essex: Environment, Culture, and Economy on the Frontier of Upper Canada</i> (McGill-Queen's University Press, 2010)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Essex_County_(Ontario)#Q953088" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Essex County (Ontario)">Essex County (Ontario)</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Essex_County,_Ontario" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Essex County, Ontario">Essex County, Ontario</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.countyofessex.ca/en/index.aspx">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q953088#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Essex_County,_Ontario" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Essex_County,_Ontario" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Essex County, Ontario</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Lake_Saint_Clair_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Saint Clair (North America)">Lake St. Clair</a></i></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Wayne_County,_Michigan" title="Wayne County, Michigan">Wayne County, Michigan</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Essex County</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Chatham-Kent" title="Chatham-Kent">Chatham-Kent</a> (single-tier city)</td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie" title="Lake Erie">Lake Erie</a></i></td> <td></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Subdivisions_of_Ontario" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Subdivisions_of_Ontario" title="Template:Subdivisions of Ontario"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Subdivisions_of_Ontario" title="Template talk:Subdivisions of Ontario"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions_of_Ontario" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions of Ontario"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Subdivisions_of_Ontario" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Subdivisions of <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Census_divisions_of_Ontario#Counties" class="mw-redirect" title="Census divisions of Ontario">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_County" title="Bruce County">Bruce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dufferin_County" title="Dufferin County">Dufferin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elgin_County" title="Elgin County">Elgin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontenac_County" title="Frontenac County">Frontenac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_County" title="Grey County">Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haliburton_County" title="Haliburton County">Haliburton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_County" title="Hastings County">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huron_County,_Ontario" title="Huron County, Ontario">Huron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambton_County" title="Lambton County">Lambton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanark_County" title="Lanark County">Lanark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Counties_of_Leeds_and_Grenville" title="United Counties of Leeds and Grenville">Leeds and Grenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennox_and_Addington_County" title="Lennox and Addington County">Lennox and Addington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Ontario" title="Middlesex County, Ontario">Middlesex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northumberland_County,_Ontario" title="Northumberland County, Ontario">Northumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perth_County,_Ontario" title="Perth County, Ontario">Perth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterborough_County" title="Peterborough County">Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Counties_of_Prescott_and_Russell" title="United Counties of Prescott and Russell">Prescott and Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renfrew_County" title="Renfrew County">Renfrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simcoe_County" title="Simcoe County">Simcoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Counties_of_Stormont,_Dundas_and_Glengarry" title="United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry">Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_County,_Ontario" title="Wellington County, Ontario">Wellington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Census_divisions_of_Ontario#Districts" class="mw-redirect" title="Census divisions of Ontario">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algoma_District" title="Algoma District">Algoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochrane_District" title="Cochrane District">Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenora_District" title="Kenora District">Kenora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitoulin_District" title="Manitoulin District">Manitoulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nipissing_District" title="Nipissing District">Nipissing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parry_Sound_District" title="Parry Sound District">Parry Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainy_River_District" title="Rainy River District">Rainy River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudbury_District" title="Sudbury District">Sudbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay_District" title="Thunder Bay District">Thunder Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timiskaming_District" title="Timiskaming District">Timiskaming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Census_divisions_of_Ontario#Regional_municipalities" class="mw-redirect" title="Census divisions of Ontario">Regional municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Durham" title="Regional Municipality of Durham">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Halton" title="Regional Municipality of Halton">Halton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Municipality_of_Muskoka" title="District Municipality of Muskoka">Muskoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Niagara" title="Regional Municipality of Niagara">Niagara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_County,_Ontario" title="Oxford County, Ontario">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Peel" title="Regional Municipality of Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Waterloo" title="Regional Municipality of Waterloo">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_York" title="Regional Municipality of York">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ontario#Single-tier_municipalities" title="List of municipalities in Ontario">Single-tier municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/County_of_Brant" title="County of Brant">Brant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brantford" title="Brantford">Brantford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatham-Kent" title="Chatham-Kent">Chatham-Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Sudbury" title="Greater Sudbury">Greater Sudbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haldimand_County" title="Haldimand County">Haldimand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontario" title="Hamilton, Ontario">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawartha_Lakes" title="Kawartha Lakes">Kawartha Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_County,_Ontario" title="Norfolk County, Ontario">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_County,_Ontario" title="Prince Edward County, Ontario">Prince Edward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ontario_separated_municipalities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ontario separated municipalities">Separated municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barrie" title="Barrie">Barrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belleville,_Ontario" title="Belleville, Ontario">Belleville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brockville" title="Brockville">Brockville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornwall,_Ontario" title="Cornwall, Ontario">Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gananoque" title="Gananoque">Gananoque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guelph" title="Guelph">Guelph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Ontario" title="Kingston, Ontario">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London,_Ontario" title="London, Ontario">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orillia" title="Orillia">Orillia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembroke,_Ontario" title="Pembroke, Ontario">Pembroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterborough,_Ontario" title="Peterborough, Ontario">Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prescott,_Ontario" title="Prescott, Ontario">Prescott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinte_West" title="Quinte West">Quinte West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smiths_Falls" title="Smiths Falls">Smiths Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Marys,_Ontario" title="St. Marys, Ontario">St. Marys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Thomas,_Ontario" title="St. Thomas, Ontario">St. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford,_Ontario" title="Stratford, Ontario">Stratford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ontario" title="Southern Ontario">Southern Ontario</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Ontario" title="Central Ontario">Central Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ontario" title="Eastern Ontario">Eastern Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Horseshoe" title="Golden Horseshoe">Golden Horseshoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Ontario" title="Southwestern Ontario">Southwestern Ontario</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ontario" title="Northern Ontario">Northern Ontario</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Ontario" title="Northeastern Ontario">Northeastern Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Ontario" title="Northwestern Ontario">Northwestern Ontario</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communities_in_Ontario" title="List of communities in Ontario">Ontario communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ontario" title="List of municipalities in Ontario">Ontario municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ontario_electoral_districts" title="Category:Ontario electoral districts">Ontario electoral districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Former_counties_of_Ontario" title="Former counties of Ontario">Former counties of Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ontario" title="Geography of Ontario">Geography of Ontario</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/48px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ontario" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Ontario">WikiProject: Ontario</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Essex_County,_Ontario,_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Essex_County,_Ontario" title="Template:Essex County, Ontario"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Essex_County,_Ontario" title="Template talk:Essex County, Ontario"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Essex_County,_Ontario" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Essex County, Ontario"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Essex_County,_Ontario,_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Essex County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, Canada</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transport" title="Transport">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current Provincial Highways</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_3" title="Ontario Highway 3">Highway 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_77" title="Ontario Highway 77">Highway 77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_401" title="Ontario Highway 401">Highway 401</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former Provincial Highways</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_2" title="Ontario Highway 2">Highway 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_39" title="Ontario Highway 39">Highway 39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_98" title="Ontario Highway 98">Highway 98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_107" title="Ontario Highway 107">Highway 107</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_114" title="Ontario Highway 114">Highway 114</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Essex County Roads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_numbered_roads_in_Essex_County" title="List of numbered roads in Essex County">County Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_numbered_roads_in_Essex_County#Windsor_Suburban_Roads" title="List of numbered roads in Essex County">Windsor Suburban Roads</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport" title="Rail transport">Railways</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essex_Terminal_Railway" title="Essex Terminal Railway">Essex Terminal Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Subdivision" title="Windsor Subdivision">Windsor Subdivision</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chatham_Subdivision&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chatham Subdivision (page does not exist)">Chatham Subdivision</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CASO_Subdivision&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CASO Subdivision (page does not exist)">CASO Subdivision</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Municipalities_in_Essex_County,_Ontario" title="Category:Municipalities in Essex County, Ontario">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amherstburg" title="Amherstburg">Amherstburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex,_Ontario" title="Essex, Ontario">Essex</a> <sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsville,_Ontario" title="Kingsville, Ontario">Kingsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakeshore,_Ontario" title="Lakeshore, Ontario">Lakeshore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaSalle,_Ontario" title="LaSalle, Ontario">LaSalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leamington,_Ontario" title="Leamington, Ontario">Leamington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelee,_Ontario" title="Pelee, Ontario">Pelee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecumseh,_Ontario" title="Tecumseh, Ontario">Tecumseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a> <sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Communities_in_Essex_County,_Ontario" title="Category:Communities in Essex County, Ontario">Communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belle_River,_Ontario" title="Belle River, Ontario">Belle River</a> <sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colchester,_Ontario" title="Colchester, Ontario">Colchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comber,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Comber, Ontario">Comber</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottam,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Cottam, Ontario">Cottam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deerbrook,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Deerbrook, Ontario">Deerbrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emeryville,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Emeryville, Ontario">Emeryville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow,_Ontario" title="Harrow, Ontario">Harrow</a> <sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maidstone,_Ontario" title="Maidstone, Ontario">Maidstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malden_Centre,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Malden Centre, Ontario">Malden Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGregor,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="McGregor, Ontario">McGregor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldcastle,_Ontario" title="Oldcastle, Ontario">Oldcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puce,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Puce, Ontario">Puce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Canard,_Ontario" title="River Canard, Ontario">River Canard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthven,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruthven, Ontario">Ruthven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Clair_Beach,_Ontario" title="St. Clair Beach, Ontario">St. Clair Beach</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joachim,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Joachim, Ontario">St. Joachim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seacliffe,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Seacliffe, Ontario">Seacliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoney_Point,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Stoney Point, Ontario">Stoney Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodslee,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodslee, Ontario">Woodslee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">Attractions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Park" title="Park">parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Point_Pelee_National_Park" title="Point Pelee National Park">Point Pelee National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Malden" title="Fort Malden">Fort Malden National Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Miner" title="Jack Miner">Jack Miner Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colasanti%27s_Tropical_Gardens" title="Colasanti's Tropical Gardens">Colasanti's Tropical Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_Region_Conservation_Authority" title="Essex Region Conservation Authority">ERCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Canada_Greenway" title="Chrysler Canada Greenway">Chrysler Canada Greenway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans_Canada_Trail" title="Trans Canada Trail">Trans Canada Trail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography" title="Geography">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bois_Blanc_Island_(Ontario)" title="Bois Blanc Island (Ontario)">Bois Blanc Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_River" title="Detroit River">Detroit River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Sister_Island_(Ontario)" title="East Sister Island (Ontario)">East Sister Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighting_Island" title="Fighting Island">Fighting Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Island_(Lake_Erie)" title="Middle Island (Lake Erie)">Middle Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peche_Island" title="Peche Island">Peche Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelee,_Ontario" title="Pelee, Ontario">Pelee Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Pelee_National_Park" title="Point Pelee National Park">Point Pelee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seat</a></li> <li><sup>2</sup> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ontario_separated_municipalities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ontario separated municipalities">Separated Municipality</a>, as of 1998<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Essex_County,_Ontario&action=edit">[update]</a></sup></li> <li><sup>3</sup> Formerly a separate municipality, merged into another as of 1998.</li></ul> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ontario" title="List of municipalities in Ontario">List of municipalities in Ontario</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1332215/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4780177-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Essex (Ont. : County)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83203775">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007562106805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" 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