CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Soyuz-7 - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"1db1c629-2aea-4fc7-a38c-b1be4836a163","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Soyuz-7","wgTitle":"Soyuz-7","wgCurRevisionId":1266836077,"wgRevisionId":1266836077,"wgArticleId":47580418,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments","CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles needing translation from Russian Wikipedia","Articles containing Russian-language text","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020","Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2017","All Wikipedia articles in need of updating","Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020","Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2024","All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases","Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from October 2020","Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2020","All articles with vague or ambiguous time","Vague or ambiguous time from November 2024","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020","All articles containing potentially dated statements","Wikipedia articles in need of updating from November 2024","Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets via Module:Annotated link","Space launch vehicles of Russia","Proposed space launch vehicles","Partially reusable space launch vehicles","Roscosmos"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Soyuz-7","wgRelevantArticleId":47580418,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"Soyuz-7_(rocket_family)","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/Soyuz-7","wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q48770740","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.22"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg/1200px-Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="2130"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg/960px-Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1420"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1136"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Soyuz-7 - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz-7"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz-7"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Soyuz-7 rootpage-Soyuz-7 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Soyuz-7" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Soyuz-7" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Soyuz-7" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Soyuz-7" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amur_unveiling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amur_unveiling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Amur unveiling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amur_unveiling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grasshopper_prototype" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grasshopper_prototype"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span><i>Grasshopper</i> prototype</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grasshopper_prototype-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Versions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Versions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Versions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Versions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Versions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Versions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Previous" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Previous"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Previous</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Previous-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Launches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Launches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Launches</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Launches-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Launches subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Launches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Future_Launches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future_Launches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Future Launches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Future_Launches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz-7</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 6 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-6" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">6 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amour_(fus%C3%A9e)" title="Amour (fusée) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Amour (fusée)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%9C%A0%EC%8A%A4-7_(%EB%A1%9C%EC%BC%93)" title="소유스-7 (로켓) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소유스-7 (로켓)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuz-7_(roket)" title="Soyuz-7 (roket) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Soyuz-7 (roket)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB_(%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B1%E3%83%83%E3%83%88)" title="アムール (ロケット) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アムール (ロケット)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7-7_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C)" title="Союз-7 (ракета-носитель) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Союз-7 (ракета-носитель)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amur_(raket)" title="Amur (raket) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Amur (raket)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q48770740#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-7" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Soyuz-7" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-7"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-7"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Soyuz-7" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Soyuz-7" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&oldid=1266836077" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Soyuz-7&id=1266836077&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSoyuz-7"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSoyuz-7"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Soyuz-7&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q48770740" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7_(rocket_family)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-7 (rocket family)">Soyuz-7 (rocket family)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Proposed reusable Russian rocket design</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_language plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice skin-invert-image" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:100%; padding: 0px;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; padding-right: 3em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left">You can help <b>expand this article with text translated from <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7-7_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C)" class="extiw" title="ru:Союз-7 (ракета-носитель)">the corresponding article</a> in Russian</b>.  <i><small>(November 2024)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.</li> <li>Consider <b><a href="/wiki/Template:Expand_Russian#Topics_and_categorization" title="Template:Expand Russian">adding a topic</a></b> to this template: there are already 1,160 articles in the <a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_translation_from_Russian_Wikipedia" title="Category:Articles needing translation from Russian Wikipedia">main category</a>, and specifying<code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|topic=</code> will aid in categorization.</li> <li>Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.</li> <li>You <b>must</b> provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">copyright attribution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> accompanying your translation by providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a> to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at [[:ru:Союз-7 (ракета-носитель)]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|ru|Союз-7 (ракета-носитель)}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Soyuz-7" title="Talk:Soyuz-7">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about a mid-2010s proposed new Russian carrier rocket family. For the 1969 spaceflight, see <a href="/wiki/Soyuz_7" title="Soyuz 7">Soyuz 7</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title">Soyuz-7<sup id="cite_ref-soyuz7-0717_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-soyuz7-0717-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Amur rocket at RUSSIA exhibition"><img alt="Amur rocket at RUSSIA exhibition" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg/330px-Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="532" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg/500px-Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg/960px-Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1217" data-file-height="2160" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Function</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Reusable_launch_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Reusable launch system">Partially reusable</a> <a href="/wiki/Orbital_spaceflight" title="Orbital spaceflight">orbital</a> <a href="/wiki/Medium-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Medium-lift launch vehicle">medium-lift launch vehicle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data brand"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Progress_State_Research_and_Production_Rocket_Space_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Progress State Research and Production Rocket Space Center">JSC SRC Progress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KB_Khimavtomatika" class="mw-redirect" title="KB Khimavtomatika">KB Khimavtomatika</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">Russia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Project cost</th><td class="infobox-data">US$900 million<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cost per launch</th><td class="infobox-data">US$22 million <small>(planned)</small></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;">Size</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">55 m (180 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">4.1 m (13 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">360,000 kg (790,000 lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stages</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;">Capacity <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddf;">Payload to <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">LEO</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data"><b>Reusable:</b> 10,500 kg (23,100 lb)<br /><b>Expendable:</b> 13,600 kg (30,000 lb)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;">Associated rockets</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Comparable</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2 (rocket)">Soyuz-2 (rocket)</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;">Launch history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">In development</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch sites</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vostochny_Cosmodrome" title="Vostochny Cosmodrome">Vostochny Cosmodrome</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">2028–2030 (planned)<sup id="cite_ref-tass-20230727_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tass-20230727-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">First stage</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">4.1 m (13 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Powered by</th><td class="infobox-data">5 <a href="/wiki/RD-0169" title="RD-0169">RD-0169</a><sup id="cite_ref-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kbkha-annualreport2013_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kbkha-annualreport2013-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Maximum thrust</th><td class="infobox-data">3,330 kN (750,000 lb<sub>f</sub>)<sup id="cite_ref-kbkha-annualreport2014_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kbkha-annualreport2014-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Specific_impulse" title="Specific impulse">Specific impulse</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><b>Sea Level</b>:321 seconds<br /><b>Vacuum</b>: 356 seconds</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Propellant</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liquid_methane" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid methane">CH<sub>4</sub></a> / <a href="/wiki/LOX" class="mw-redirect" title="LOX">LOX</a><sup id="cite_ref-ria-1190701345_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ria-1190701345-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">Second stage</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">4.1 m (13 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Powered by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/RD-0169" title="RD-0169">RD-0169</a><sup id="cite_ref-ria-1190701345_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ria-1190701345-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Maximum thrust</th><td class="infobox-data">737 kN (166,000 lb<sub>f</sub>)<sup id="cite_ref-kbkha-annualreport2014_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kbkha-annualreport2014-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Propellant</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liquid_methane" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid methane">CH<sub>4</sub></a> / <a href="/wiki/LOX" class="mw-redirect" title="LOX">LOX</a><sup id="cite_ref-ria-1190701345_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ria-1190701345-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="metadata" style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48770740" class="extiw" title="d:Q48770740">edit on Wikidata</a>]</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Soyuz-7</b> (Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru"><b>Союз-7</b></span></span>) or <b>Amur</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Аму́р</span>) is a partially-<a href="/wiki/Reusable_launch_vehicle" title="Reusable launch vehicle">reusable</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liquid_methane" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid methane">methane</a>–fueled, <a href="/wiki/Orbital_spaceflight" title="Orbital spaceflight">orbital</a> <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">launch vehicle</a> currently in the design concept stage of <a href="/wiki/New_product_development" title="New product development">development</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Roscosmos_State_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Roscosmos State Corporation">Roscosmos State Corporation</a> in Russia. The preliminary design process began in October 2020, with operational flights planned for no earlier than 2028.<sup id="cite_ref-tass-20230727_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tass-20230727-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amur is intended to substitute for the existing <a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2" title="Soyuz-2">Soyuz-2</a>, at a much lower per launch cost.<sup id="cite_ref-ars20201007_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars20201007-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This is a proposed family of new Russian <a href="/wiki/Rocket" title="Rocket">rockets</a> proposed by <a href="/wiki/Progress_State_Research_and_Production_Rocket_Space_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Progress State Research and Production Rocket Space Center">JSC SRC Progress</a> in the mid-2010s, to replace the legacy <a href="/wiki/Soyuz_(rocket_family)" title="Soyuz (rocket family)">Soyuz</a> for launch after the early 2020s. JSC SRC Progress had been the manufacturer and custodian of the Soyuz family design for many decades.<sup id="cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsw-soyuz5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new design concept was a part of Project <b>Feniks</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru"><b>Феникс</b></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'Fenix').<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources in the body of the article. (October 2020)">not verified in body</span></a></i>]</sup> While all previous iterations of the Soyuz family had their roots firmly set on the <a href="/wiki/R-7_(rocket_family)" title="R-7 (rocket family)">R-7</a> <a href="/wiki/ICBM" class="mw-redirect" title="ICBM">ICBM</a> legacy, the new rocket, designated <i>Soyuz-7</i> in 2013, was to be a completely new design from the ground up. The proposed new design was to be based on a new propellant: <a href="/wiki/LOX" class="mw-redirect" title="LOX">LOX</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liquid_methane" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid methane">liquid methane</a>, use a new tank structure, new <a href="/wiki/Rocket_engine" title="Rocket engine">propulsion</a>, and would do away with the famous <a href="/wiki/R-7_(rocket_family)#Korolev_Cross" title="R-7 (rocket family)">Korolev Cross</a>, and have <a href="/wiki/Thrust_vectoring" title="Thrust vectoring">thrust vector control</a> in the main engine rather than using <a href="/wiki/Vernier_thrusters" class="mw-redirect" title="Vernier thrusters">vernier engines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsw-soyuz5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was conceived in 2013 to be a scalable family with three versions covering the <a href="/wiki/Medium-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Medium-lift launch vehicle">medium</a> to <a href="/wiki/Heavy-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Heavy-lift launch vehicle">heavy</a> payload ranges.<sup id="cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsw-soyuz5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The project would help to assure access to space for Russia by acting as a backup launcher in the event of problems with the <a href="/wiki/Angara_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Angara (rocket)">Angara</a> rocket family.<sup id="cite_ref-ria-1190701345_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ria-1190701345-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As conceived in the mid-2010s, the smallest version was to be a 270-tonne rocket, intended as a replacement of the <a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2 (rocket)">Soyuz-2</a> rocket, with an expected payload to <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">LEO</a> of 9 t (9,000 kg). It will use a single <a href="/w/index.php?title=RD-0164&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RD-0164 (page does not exist)">RD-0164</a> engine on the first stage, and a <a href="/wiki/RD-0169" title="RD-0169">RD-0169</a> engine on the second.<sup id="cite_ref-tass-791963_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tass-791963-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first engineering design was expected to be completed by 2016,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The text near this tag is dated. (January 2017)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> and the first flight expected as early as 2022.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The use of just two stages for the base version, and the simplification of subsystems was intended to product a more reliable and less-expensive <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">launch vehicle</a>, with the lightest version expected to be cheaper than the Soyuz-2.<sup id="cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spaceflightinsider-20150820-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During an interview with the <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstani</a> magazine <i>Space Research and Technologies</i> during 2013, Mr. Kirilin, CEO of TSKB Progress, explained the conception of the project.<sup id="cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spaceflightinsider-20150820-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the <a href="/wiki/Rus-M" title="Rus-M">Rus-M</a> project was cancelled, TSKB Progress started work sometime prior to mid-2015<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (November 2024)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> on a methane fueled launch vehicle under the Roscosmos <b>Magistral</b> research program.<sup id="cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spaceflightinsider-20150820-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The venerable Soyuz rocket vehicle would be an approximately 60-year-old design by 2020 and it could not remain competitive with the new vehicles,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (October 2020)">according to whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> like the <a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a>. It was described by Progress CEO, Mr. Kirilin, as <i>technologically and operationally hopelessly outdated</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spaceflightinsider-20150820-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has conical sections, where each panel is unique, it uses six engines with 24 nozzles, most rocket manufacturing tasks include a number of manual operations, it even requires five different fluids: <a href="/wiki/Kerosene" title="Kerosene">kerosene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liquid_oxygen" title="Liquid oxygen">liquid oxygen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_peroxide" title="Hydrogen peroxide">hydrogen peroxide</a>, gaseous <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a> and gaseous <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a>. Looking forward, the price of <a href="/wiki/RG-1_(propellant)" class="mw-redirect" title="RG-1 (propellant)">RG-1</a> fuel was going up, since it could only be distilled from a single oil field, that, by 2015, was expected to be depleted soon.<sup id="cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spaceflightinsider-20150820-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The proposed <i>Soyuz-7</i> was, unline previous Soyuz rockets, planned to use the same diameter for all sections of the rocket, 3.6 m (12 ft), use <a href="/wiki/Liquid_methane" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid methane">liquid methane</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liquid_oxygen" title="Liquid oxygen">liquid oxygen</a>, have a single engine with a single nozzle on each stage, and automate<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> most tasks.<sup id="cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spaceflightinsider-20150820-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The proposed new rocket was conceived to use the existing Soyuz pads and installations after some modifications. <a href="/wiki/Liquid_methane" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid methane">Liquid methane</a> is cheap, Russia has ample reserves and it has a huge installed base. It also has some important thermal and polymerizing properties that paves the way for reusable rockets. The rocket was expected to use the <a href="/wiki/KBKhA" class="mw-redirect" title="KBKhA">KBKhA</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=RD-0164&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RD-0164 (page does not exist)">RD-0164</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> engine in the core<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> stages, and a methane version of the KBKhA <a href="/wiki/RD-0124" title="RD-0124">RD-0124</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> in the upper stage.<sup id="cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spaceflightinsider-20150820-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During an August, 2015 interview with Ria Novosti, Mr. Kirilin stated that a preliminary design was expected in 2015 or 2016,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The text near this tag is dated. (January 2017)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> that they intended to first develop a light version<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, that they anticipated an initial <a href="/wiki/Test_flight" class="mw-redirect" title="Test flight">test flight</a> of the first prototype in 2022 and that the propulsion would be the RD-0164 for the cores<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and the RD-0169<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> rocket engine for the upper stage.<sup id="cite_ref-ria-1190701345_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ria-1190701345-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, this project, part of <a href="/wiki/Irtysh_(rocket)" title="Irtysh (rocket)">Soyuz-5</a>, was abandoned when Soyuz-5 evolved into a replacement for <a href="/wiki/Zenit_(rocket_family)" title="Zenit (rocket family)">Zenit family</a> named Irtysh,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (November 2024)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> with <a href="/wiki/Energia_(corporation)" title="Energia (corporation)">RKK Energia</a> as manufacturer. The methalox rocket was later renamed to Soyuz-7. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amur_unveiling">Amur unveiling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Amur unveiling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The design concept for a reusable Russian launch vehicle, referred to as <i>Amur</i>, was unveiled publicly in 2020. The design was shown to have a "reusable first stage and <a href="/wiki/Liquid_methane" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid methane">methane</a>-fueled engines and <a href="/wiki/SpaceX_reusable_launch_system_development_program" title="SpaceX reusable launch system development program">land</a> like the <a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a>. The maiden launch was then planned for 2026.<sup id="cite_ref-ars20241111_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars20241111-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The contract for the preliminary design phase of the Amur was signed on 5 October 2020, to build "the first Russian reusable methane rocket."<sup id="cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roscosmos20201005-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The design reference goals included high-reliability, operational launch cost target of <span style="white-space: nowrap">US$22 million</span>, and a reusable <a href="/wiki/Multistage_rocket" title="Multistage rocket">first stage</a>, with an <a href="/wiki/Expendable_rocket" class="mw-redirect" title="Expendable rocket">expendable</a> second stage.<sup id="cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roscosmos20201005-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2020 Roscosmos budget had a "not to exceed" program cost of 70 billion rubles (<span style="white-space: nowrap">US$880 million</span>) for the development program through the first launch.<sup id="cite_ref-tass20201005a_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tass20201005a-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2020, the rocket design was expected to follow the practice of <a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a> with the Falcon 9 to design the first stage for reusability.<sup id="cite_ref-ars20201007_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars20201007-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-techtimes20201005_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-techtimes20201005-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the rocket engine to be reused 100 or more times.<sup id="cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roscosmos20201005-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By November 2024, little progress had been made, with the debut having slipped four years, from 2026 to 2030.<sup id="cite_ref-ars20241111_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars20241111-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grasshopper_prototype"><i>Grasshopper</i> prototype</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Grasshopper prototype"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November 2024, Roscosmos official Igor Pshenichnikov, deputy director of future programs, revealed that they will look to develop a prototype Amur first stage called <i>Grasshopper</i>, and said that preparations for it would begin in 2025. Roscosmos has not yet located the site for where the launch pad will be located to test the experimental vehicle.<sup id="cite_ref-ars20241111_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars20241111-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Versions">Versions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Versions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Previous">Previous</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Previous"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the mid-2010s, <i>Soyuz-7</i> was initially conceived to be a scalable family, with three conceptual versions: </p> <ul><li>Basic version, designed to replace the <a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2 (rocket)">Soyuz-2.1a</a>/b rockets, was to have used <a href="/wiki/Two-stage-to-orbit" title="Two-stage-to-orbit">just a first and a second stage</a>. It was conceived to have a payload to a 200 km (120 mi) circular <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">LEO</a> orbit of 9 t (8.9 long tons; 9.9 short tons).<sup id="cite_ref-progress-4608_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-progress-4608-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsw-soyuz5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A three-core-stage version, designed as a crew carrier vehicle, that would use a central core and two equal cores on the side as boosters. This design concept was to have not an air-ignited second stage to eliminate air start risk. It was expected to have a payload to LEO of 16 t (16 long tons; 18 short tons).<sup id="cite_ref-progress-4608_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-progress-4608-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsw-soyuz5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The heaviest version with maximum capability.<sup id="cite_ref-spacedigest-20150622_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spacedigest-20150622-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was expected to achieve a payload to LEO of 25 t (25 long tons; 28 short tons).<sup id="cite_ref-progress-4608_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-progress-4608-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsw-soyuz5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>By 2020, Roscosmos had pivoted the <i>Soyuz-7</i> concept to the <i>Amur</i>, with a new design for a reusable, methane-fueled rocket.<sup id="cite_ref-ars20241111_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars20241111-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Description">Description</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2020, Amur is planned to be a 4.1 m (13 ft)-diameter <a href="/wiki/Two-stage-to-orbit" title="Two-stage-to-orbit">two-stage-to-orbit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medium-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Medium-lift launch vehicle">medium-lift</a><sup id="cite_ref-ars20201007_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars20201007-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> vehicle of 55 m (180 ft) height, with a gross liftoff mass of 360 t (790,000 lb).<sup id="cite_ref-tass20201005a_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tass20201005a-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roscosmos20201005-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is aimed to deliver a payload to <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">low Earth orbit</a> of 10.5 t (23,000 lb),<sup id="cite_ref-ars20201007_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars20201007-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but could loft 12.5 t (28,000 lb) if the first stage is expended and not reused, as all traditional launch vehicles of the early space age were.<sup id="cite_ref-tass20201005a_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tass20201005a-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amur is planned to launch from the <a href="/wiki/Vostochny_Cosmodrome" title="Vostochny Cosmodrome">Vostochny Cosmodrome</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tass20201005b_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tass20201005b-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first stage of the rocket will use <a href="/wiki/Grid_fin" title="Grid fin">grid fins</a> to assist with <a href="/wiki/Spacecraft_attitude_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Spacecraft attitude control">attitude control</a> during <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_reentry" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmospheric reentry">atmospheric reentry</a> and is planned to be powered by five RD-0169A <a href="/wiki/Liquid_methane" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid methane">metha</a><a href="/wiki/Liquid_oxygen" title="Liquid oxygen">lox</a> engines,<sup id="cite_ref-ars20201007_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars20201007-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which, as of 2020, were under development at the <a href="/wiki/Chemical_Automatics_Design_Bureau" title="Chemical Automatics Design Bureau">Chemical Automatics Design Bureau</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roscosmos20201005-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The long-term target is for most of the engines to fire 100 times, but the center engine, reignited for descent through the <a href="/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Earth" title="Atmosphere of Earth">atmosphere</a> and again for <a href="/wiki/Retropropulsive_landing" class="mw-redirect" title="Retropropulsive landing">landing operations</a> with <a href="/wiki/Landing_legs" class="mw-redirect" title="Landing legs">landing legs</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ars20201007_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars20201007-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> will be aimed to eventually reach a life expectancy of 300 engine firings.<sup id="cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roscosmos20201005-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the ground test program for the new <a href="/wiki/Methalox" class="mw-redirect" title="Methalox">methalox</a>-propellant engines was expected to be completed by late 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-tass20201005b_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tass20201005b-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The text near this tag is dated. (November 2024)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> However, as of November 2024, the maiden launch of Amur has been delayed to 2030. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Launches">Launches</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Launches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Future_Launches">Future Launches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Future Launches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Serial number </th> <th>Rocket & serial </th> <th>Date (UTC) </th> <th>Launch site </th> <th>Payload </th> <th>Orbit </th> <th>Outcome </th> <th>Remarks </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td>Amur </td> <td data-sort-value="December 2028"><abbr title="No earlier than">NET</abbr> 2030<sup id="cite_ref-ars20241111_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ars20241111-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vostochny_Cosmodrome" title="Vostochny Cosmodrome">Vostochny Cosmodrome Site 2A</a> </td> <td>GVM-M(Simulated mass) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">LEO</a> </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>First test flight of Amur </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/28px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/42px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/56px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight" title="Portal:Spaceflight">Spaceflight portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_orbital_launch_systems" title="Comparison of orbital launch systems">Comparison of orbital launch systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_programme" title="Soyuz programme">Soyuz programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_(rocket_family)" title="Soyuz (rocket family)">Soyuz rocket family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-5_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-5 (rocket)">Soyuz-5 rocket family</a> – Russian rocket, in development<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angara_(rocket_family)" title="Angara (rocket family)">Angara</a> – Russian family of space launch vehicles</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-soyuz7-0717-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-soyuz7-0717_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ria.ru/science/20170718/1498685067.html">"Российскую ракету с метановыми двигателями хотят назвать "Союз-7"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> [Russian rocket with methane engine could be named Soyuz-7] (in Russian). RIA. 2017-07-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%8E+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%83+%D1%81+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8F%D1%82+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C+%22%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7-7%22&rft.pub=RIA&rft.date=2017-07-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fria.ru%2Fscience%2F20170718%2F1498685067.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBerger2020" class="citation web cs1">Berger, Eric (6 October 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2020/10/russian-space-corporation-unveils-planned-amur-rocket-and-it-looks-familiar/">"Russian space corporation unveils planned "Amur" rocket—and it looks familiar"</a>. <i>arstechnica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=arstechnica&rft.atitle=Russian+space+corporation+unveils+planned+%22Amur%22+rocket%E2%80%94and+it+looks+familiar&rft.date=2020-10-06&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fscience%2F2020%2F10%2Frussian-space-corporation-unveils-planned-amur-rocket-and-it-looks-familiar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spaceresearchandtech-2013n3p47_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVoroncov2013" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Voroncov, Dimitry (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cosmos.kz/pdf/KIT_web%208.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Союз" с метаном"</a> [Soyuz on Methane] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Space Research and Technologies</i> (in Russian). <b>3</b> (8): <span class="nowrap">47–</span>51<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Space+Research+and+Technologies&rft.atitle=%22%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%22+%D1%81+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E47-%3C%2Fspan%3E51&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Voroncov&rft.aufirst=Dimitry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cosmos.kz%2Fpdf%2FKIT_web%25208.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tass-20230727-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tass-20230727_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tass-20230727_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.ru/kosmos/18387525">"Первый пуск метановой ракеты "Амур" планируется в 2028-2030 годах"</a> [The first launch of the Amur methane rocket is planned for 2028-2030]. <i><a href="/wiki/TASS" title="TASS">TASS</a></i> (in Russian). 27 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TASS&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B+%22%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%22+%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%B2+2028-2030+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85&rft.date=2023-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.ru%2Fkosmos%2F18387525&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kbkha-annualreport2013-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kbkha-annualreport2013_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation report cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.e-disclosure.ru/portal/FileLoad.ashx?Fileid=900387">ГОДОВОЙ ОТЧЕТ Акционерного общества "Конструкторское бюро химавтоматики" (АО КБХА) за 2013 год</a> ["Chemical Automatics Design Bureau" (JSC KBKhA) Annual Report for 2013] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report) (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/KBKhA" class="mw-redirect" title="KBKhA">JSC KBKhA</a>. 2014-05-28. p. 37<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=%D0%93%D0%9E%D0%94%D0%9E%D0%92%D0%9E%D0%99+%D0%9E%D0%A2%D0%A7%D0%95%D0%A2+%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0+%22%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE+%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%22+%28%D0%90%D0%9E+%D0%9A%D0%91%D0%A5%D0%90%29+%D0%B7%D0%B0+2013+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=JSC+KBKhA&rft.date=2014-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.e-disclosure.ru%2Fportal%2FFileLoad.ashx%3FFileid%3D900387&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kbkha-annualreport2014-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kbkha-annualreport2014_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kbkha-annualreport2014_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation report cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.e-disclosure.ru/portal/FileLoad.ashx?Fileid=1094198">ГОДОВОЙ ОТЧЕТ Акционерного общества "Конструкторское бюро химавтоматики" (АО КБХА) за 2014 год</a> ["Chemical Automatics Design Bureau" (JSC KBKhA) Annual Report for 2014] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report) (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/KBKhA" class="mw-redirect" title="KBKhA">JSC KBKhA</a>. 2015-05-22. p. 43<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=%D0%93%D0%9E%D0%94%D0%9E%D0%92%D0%9E%D0%99+%D0%9E%D0%A2%D0%A7%D0%95%D0%A2+%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0+%22%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE+%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%22+%28%D0%90%D0%9E+%D0%9A%D0%91%D0%A5%D0%90%29+%D0%B7%D0%B0+2014+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=JSC+KBKhA&rft.date=2015-05-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.e-disclosure.ru%2Fportal%2FFileLoad.ashx%3FFileid%3D1094198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ria-1190701345-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ria-1190701345_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ria-1190701345_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ria-1190701345_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ria-1190701345_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ria-1190701345_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ria.ru/interview/20150818/1190701345.html">"РКЦ "Прогресс": летный образец ракеты "Союз-5" ожидаем к 2022 году"</a> [RCC "Progress": expects to fly "Soyuz-5" prototype by 2022] (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/RIA_Novosti" title="RIA Novosti">RIA Novosti</a>. 2015-08-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%9A%D0%A6+%22%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%22%3A+%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%86+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B+%22%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7-5%22+%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BC+%D0%BA+2022+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83&rft.pub=RIA+Novosti&rft.date=2015-08-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fria.ru%2Finterview%2F20150818%2F1190701345.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ars20201007-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ars20201007_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ars20201007_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ars20201007_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ars20201007_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ars20201007_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ars20201007_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFberger2020" class="citation news cs1">berger, Eric (7 October 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2020/10/russian-space-corporation-unveils-planned-amur-rocket-and-it-looks-familiar/">"Russian space corporation unveils planned "Amur" rocket—and it looks familiar"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_Technica" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=Russian+space+corporation+unveils+planned+%22Amur%22+rocket%E2%80%94and+it+looks+familiar&rft.date=2020-10-07&rft.aulast=berger&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fscience%2F2020%2F10%2Frussian-space-corporation-unveils-planned-amur-rocket-and-it-looks-familiar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rsw-soyuz5-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rsw-soyuz5_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZak2014" class="citation web cs1">Zak, Anatoly (2014-07-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.russianspaceweb.com/soyuz5.html">"Soyuz-5 rocket"</a>. RussianSpaceWeb<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Soyuz-5+rocket&rft.pub=RussianSpaceWeb&rft.date=2014-07-31&rft.aulast=Zak&rft.aufirst=Anatoly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.russianspaceweb.com%2Fsoyuz5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tass-791963-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tass-791963_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tass.ru/en/non-political/791963">"Russia's new rocket will be named Fenix — source"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Russian_News_Agency_TASS" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian News Agency TASS">Russian News Agency TASS</a>. 2015-04-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russia%27s+new+rocket+will+be+named+Fenix+%E2%80%94+source&rft.pub=Russian+News+Agency+TASS&rft.date=2015-04-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftass.ru%2Fen%2Fnon-political%2F791963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-spaceflightinsider-20150820-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spaceflightinsider-20150820_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNowakowski2015" class="citation web cs1">Nowakowski, Tomasz (2015-08-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spaceflightinsider.com/organizations/roscosmos/russia-build-new-eco-friendly-soyuz-5-rocket-2022/">"Russia to build new eco-friendly Soyuz-5 rocket by 2022"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russia+to+build+new+eco-friendly+Soyuz-5+rocket+by+2022&rft.date=2015-08-20&rft.aulast=Nowakowski&rft.aufirst=Tomasz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spaceflightinsider.com%2Forganizations%2Froscosmos%2Frussia-build-new-eco-friendly-soyuz-5-rocket-2022%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ars20241111-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ars20241111_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ars20241111_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ars20241111_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ars20241111_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ars20241111_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBerger2024" class="citation news cs1">Berger, Eric (11 November 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/space/2024/11/russia-fine-i-guess-we-should-have-a-grasshopper-rocket-project-too/">"Russia: Fine, I guess we should have a Grasshopper rocket project, too"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_Technica" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=Russia%3A+Fine%2C+I+guess+we+should+have+a+Grasshopper+rocket+project%2C+too&rft.date=2024-11-11&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fspace%2F2024%2F11%2Frussia-fine-i-guess-we-should-have-a-grasshopper-rocket-project-too%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-roscosmos20201005-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-roscosmos20201005_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.roscosmos.ru/29357/">"Trouble-free as a Kalashnikov assault rifle: the Amur methane rocket"</a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Roscosmos" title="Roscosmos">Roscosmos</a>. 5 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trouble-free+as+a+Kalashnikov+assault+rifle%3A+the+Amur+methane+rocket&rft.pub=Roscosmos&rft.date=2020-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.roscosmos.ru%2F29357%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tass20201005a-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tass20201005a_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tass20201005a_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tass20201005a_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.com/science/1208729">"Russia to spend $880 mln on Amur reusable space rocket"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/TASS" title="TASS">TASS</a></i>. 5 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TASS&rft.atitle=Russia+to+spend+%24880+mln+on+Amur+reusable+space+rocket&rft.date=2020-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.com%2Fscience%2F1208729&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-techtimes20201005-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-techtimes20201005_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techtimes.com/articles/253103/20201005/russia-copies-spacex-designing-reusable-rockets-elon-musk-reacts.htm">Russia "Copies" SpaceX by Designing Reusable Rockets: Elon Musk Reacts</a>, Tech Times, 5 October 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-progress-4608-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-progress-4608_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-progress-4608_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-progress-4608_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.samspace.ru/news/press_relizy/4638/">"Делегация "ЦСКБ-Прогресс" приняла участие в открытии международной выставки "ILA Berlin Airshow 2014"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> [Samara Space Center participates in the International Exhibition «ILA Berlin Airshow 2014»] (in Russian). JSC SRC Progress. 2014-05-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%22%D0%A6%D0%A1%D0%9A%D0%91-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%22+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%B2+%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8+%22ILA+Berlin+Airshow+2014%22&rft.pub=JSC+SRC+Progress&rft.date=2014-05-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.samspace.ru%2Fnews%2Fpress_relizy%2F4638%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-spacedigest-20150622-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-spacedigest-20150622_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spacedigest.net/en/articles/what-roscosmos-showed-and-said-during-the-paris-air-show">"What Roscosmos showed, and said, during the Paris Air Show"</a>. Space Digest. 2015-06-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Roscosmos+showed%2C+and+said%2C+during+the+Paris+Air+Show&rft.pub=Space+Digest&rft.date=2015-06-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspacedigest.net%2Fen%2Farticles%2Fwhat-roscosmos-showed-and-said-during-the-paris-air-show&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tass20201005b-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tass20201005b_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tass20201005b_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.com/science/1208675">"Russia to launch first reusable rocket with payload in 2026"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/TASS" title="TASS">TASS</a></i>. 5 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TASS&rft.atitle=Russia+to+launch+first+reusable+rocket+with+payload+in+2026&rft.date=2020-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.com%2Fscience%2F1208675&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoyuz-7" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.russianspaceweb.com/soyuz5.html">Anatoly Zak's page on the Soyuz-7</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Soviet_and_Russian_launch_vehicles134" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_launch_systems" title="Template:Russian launch systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russian_launch_systems" title="Template talk:Russian launch systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russian_launch_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russian launch systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Soviet_and_Russian_launch_vehicles134" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_space_program" title="Soviet space program">Soviet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roscosmos" title="Roscosmos">Russian</a> <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">launch vehicles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angara_(rocket_family)" title="Angara (rocket family)">Angara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angara-1.2" title="Angara-1.2">1.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angara_A5" title="Angara A5">A5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2" title="Soyuz-2">Soyuz-2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2.1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2.1a">2.1a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2.1b" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2.1b">2.1b</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Rocket" title="Universal Rocket">UR</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-7_(rocket_family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-7 (rocket family)">Amur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irtysh_(rocket)" title="Irtysh (rocket)">Irtysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yenisei_(rocket)" title="Yenisei (rocket)">Yenisei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dnepr_(rocket)" title="Dnepr (rocket)">Dnepr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energia_(rocket)" title="Energia (rocket)">Energia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_(rocket_family)" title="Kosmos (rocket family)">Kosmos</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-1" title="Kosmos-1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-2I" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosmos-2I">2I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-3" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosmos-3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-3M" title="Kosmos-3M">3M</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N1_(rocket)" title="N1 (rocket)">N1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-7_(rocket_family)" title="R-7 (rocket family)">R-7</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_(rocket)" title="Luna (rocket)">Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molniya_(rocket)" title="Molniya (rocket)">Molniya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Molniya-M" title="Molniya-M">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molniya-L" class="mw-redirect" title="Molniya-L">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyot_(rocket)" title="Polyot (rocket)">Polyot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_(rocket_family)" title="Soyuz (rocket family)">Soyuz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_(rocket)" title="Soyuz (rocket)">original</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-L" title="Soyuz-L">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-M" title="Soyuz-M">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-U" title="Soyuz-U">U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-U2" title="Soyuz-U2">U2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-FG" title="Soyuz-FG">FG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2.1v" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2.1v">2.1v</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz/Vostok" title="Soyuz/Vostok">Soyuz/Vostok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sputnik_(rocket)" title="Sputnik (rocket)">Sputnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voskhod_(rocket)" title="Voskhod (rocket)">Voskhod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok_(rocket_family)" title="Vostok (rocket family)">Vostok</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-L" title="Vostok-L">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-K" title="Vostok-K">K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-2_(rocket)" title="Vostok-2 (rocket)">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-2M" title="Vostok-2M">2M</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-29_Vysota" class="mw-redirect" title="R-29 Vysota">R-29</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shtil%27" title="Shtil'">Shtil'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volna" title="Volna">Volna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Start-1" title="Start-1">Start-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon" title="Tsyklon">Tsyklon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon" title="Tsyklon">original</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon-2" title="Tsyklon-2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon-3" title="Tsyklon-3">3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Rocket" title="Universal Rocket">UR</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proton_(rocket_family)" title="Proton (rocket family)">UR-500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton-K" title="Proton-K">Proton-K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rokot" title="Rokot">Rokot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strela_(rocket)" title="Strela (rocket)">Strela</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit_(rocket_family)" title="Zenit (rocket family)">Zenit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-2" title="Zenit-2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-2M" title="Zenit-2M">2M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3SL" title="Zenit-3SL">3SL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3SLB" title="Zenit-3SLB">3SLB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3F" title="Zenit-3F">3F</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled (no launch attempts)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon-4" title="Tsyklon-4">Tsyklon-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton_(rocket_family)" title="Proton (rocket family)">Proton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proton_Light" class="mw-redirect" title="Proton Light">Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton_Medium" class="mw-redirect" title="Proton Medium">Medium</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Reusable_launch_systems_and_spacecraft127" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Reusable_launch_systems" title="Template:Reusable launch systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Reusable_launch_systems" title="Template talk:Reusable launch systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Reusable_launch_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Reusable launch systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Reusable_launch_systems_and_spacecraft127" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Reusable_launch_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Reusable launch system">Reusable launch systems</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reusable_spacecraft" title="Reusable spacecraft">spacecraft</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Launch_systems127" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Launch systems</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Heavy" title="Falcon Heavy">Falcon Heavy</a> (core stages)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Shepard" title="New Shepard">New Shepard</a>* (fully reusable)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a> (orbiter and boosters)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrel_(rocket)" title="Petrel (rocket)">Petrel</a>* (booster)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skua_(rocket)" title="Skua (rocket)">Skua</a>* (booster)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amur_(launch_vehicle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Amur (launch vehicle)">Amur</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_Next" title="Ariane Next">Ariane Next</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CALLISTO" title="CALLISTO">CALLISTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CORONA_(rocket)" title="CORONA (rocket)">CORONA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Lab_Electron" title="Rocket Lab Electron">Electron</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I-Space_(Chinese_company)#Hyperbola-3" title="I-Space (Chinese company)">Hyperbola-3</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_(rocket_family)" title="Long March (rocket family)">Long March</a> <ul><li>6X (first stage)</li> <li>8R (first stage)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miura_5" title="Miura 5">Miura 5</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Glenn" title="New Glenn">New Glenn</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbex#Prime" title="Orbex">Orbex Prime</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas-1" title="Pallas-1">Pallas-1</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RLV-TD" class="mw-redirect" title="RLV-TD">RLV-TD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Lab_Neutron" title="Rocket Lab Neutron">Rocket Lab Neutron</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Starship" title="SpaceX Starship">Starship (SpaceX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoke_Space_Nova" title="Stoke Space Nova">Stoke Space Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terran_R" title="Terran R">Terran R</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianlong-3" title="Tianlong-3">Tianlong-3</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulcan (rocket)">Vulcan</a> (engines)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kankoh-maru" title="Kankoh-maru">Kankoh-maru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_SASSTO" title="Douglas SASSTO">SASSTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn-Shuttle" title="Saturn-Shuttle">Saturn-Shuttle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canceled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adeline_(rocket_stage)" title="Adeline (rocket stage)">Adeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angara_(rocket_family)" title="Angara (rocket family)">Angara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares_I" title="Ares I">Ares I</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares_V" title="Ares V">Ares V</a> (boosters)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_spaceplane_program#869_Project" title="China's spaceplane program">Chang Cheng-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energia_(rocket)" title="Energia (rocket)">Energia II (Uragan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_1e" class="mw-redirect" title="Falcon 1e">Falcon 1e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Falcon 5">Falcon 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_Nexus" title="General Dynamics Nexus">Nexus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I-Space_(Chinese_company)#Hyperbola-2" title="I-Space (Chinese company)">Hyperbola-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HOPE-X" title="HOPE-X">HOPE-X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopper_(spacecraft)" title="Hopper (spacecraft)">Hopper / <i>Phoenix</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Aerospace_HOTOL" title="British Aerospace HOTOL">HOTOL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-1_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="K-1 (rocket)">K-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_Fly-back_Booster" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid Fly-back Booster">Liquid Fly-back Booster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAKS_(spacecraft)" title="MAKS (spacecraft)">MAKS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reusable_Booster_System" title="Reusable Booster System">Reusable Booster System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_Rocket" title="Rotary Rocket">Roton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Dragon_(rocket)" title="Sea Dragon (rocket)">Sea Dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylon_(spacecraft)" title="Skylon (spacecraft)">Skylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_spaceplane_program#869_Project" title="China's spaceplane program">Tianjiao-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-105" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-105">Spiral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_spaceplane_program#869_Project" title="China's spaceplane program">V-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VentureStar" title="VentureStar">VentureStar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Spacecraft127" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Spacecraft</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Starliner" title="Boeing Starliner">Boeing Starliner</a> (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_X-37" title="Boeing X-37">Boeing X-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Shepard" title="New Shepard">New Shepard</a>* (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Dragon_2" title="SpaceX Dragon 2">Dragon 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenlong_(spacecraft)" title="Shenlong (spacecraft)">Shenlong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Dragon_1" title="SpaceX Dragon 1">Dragon</a> (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemini_SC-2" title="Gemini SC-2">Gemini SC-2</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceShipOne" title="SpaceShipOne">SpaceShipOne</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceShipTwo" title="SpaceShipTwo">SpaceShipTwo</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_orbiter" title="Space Shuttle orbiter">Space Shuttle orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_X-15" title="North American X-15">X-15</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dream_Chaser" title="Dream Chaser">Dream Chaser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengzhou_(spacecraft)" title="Mengzhou (spacecraft)">Mengzhou</a> (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orel_(spacecraft)" title="Orel (spacecraft)">Orel (spacecraft)</a> (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(spacecraft)" title="Orion (spacecraft)">Orion</a> (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Starship" title="SpaceX Starship">Starship</a> upper stage</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avatar_(spacecraft)" title="Avatar (spacecraft)">Avatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Meteor_Junior" title="Goodyear Meteor Junior">Goodyear Meteor Junior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I-Space_(Chinese_company)" title="I-Space (Chinese company)">Ya Guidao Gainian Feixingqi</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Upper_Stage_for_Innovative_Exploration" title="Smart Upper Stage for Innovative Exploration">SUSIE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buran_programme" title="Buran programme">Buran-class orbiter</a> (never actually reused, flew just once)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_spaceplane_program#869_Project" title="China's spaceplane program">H-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kliper" title="Kliper">Kliper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XCOR_Lynx" title="XCOR Lynx">Lynx</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAC_Mustard" title="BAC Mustard">Mustard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlanetSpace#Silver_Dart" title="PlanetSpace">Silver Dart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAR_(spaceplane)" title="SOAR (spaceplane)">SOAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_X-30" title="Rockwell X-30">X-30 NASP</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_X-33" title="Lockheed Martin X-33">X-33</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceShipThree" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceShipThree">SpaceShipThree</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>* indicates <a href="/wiki/Sub-orbital_spaceflight" title="Sub-orbital spaceflight">suborbital</a> vehicles</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Orbital_launch_systems535" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbital_launch_systems" title="Template:Orbital launch systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orbital_launch_systems" title="Template talk:Orbital launch systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital_launch_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital launch systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Orbital_launch_systems535" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">Orbital launch systems</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_orbital_launch_systems" title="List of orbital launch systems">List of orbital launch systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_orbital_launch_systems" title="Comparison of orbital launch systems">Comparison of orbital launch systems</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angara_(rocket_family)" title="Angara (rocket family)">Angara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angara-1.2" title="Angara-1.2">1.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angara_A5" title="Angara A5">A5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_6" title="Ariane 6">Ariane 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_V" title="Atlas V">Atlas V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceres-1" title="Ceres-1">Ceres</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceres-1" title="Ceres-1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceres-1S" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceres-1S">1S</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chollima-1" title="Chollima-1">Chollima-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Lab_Electron" title="Rocket Lab Electron">Electron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_Block_5" title="Falcon 9 Block 5">Falcon 9 Block 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Heavy" title="Falcon Heavy">Falcon Heavy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_Alpha" title="Firefly Alpha">Firefly Alpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity-1" title="Gravity-1">Gravity-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geosynchronous_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle">GSLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-IIA" title="H-IIA">H-IIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H3_(rocket)" title="H3 (rocket)">H3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperbola-1" title="Hyperbola-1">Hyperbola-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jielong_(rocket_family)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jielong (rocket family) (page does not exist)">Jielong</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jielong_1" title="Jielong 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jielong_3" title="Jielong 3">3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_One_KAIROS" title="Space One KAIROS">KAIROS</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaituozhe_(rocket_family)" title="Kaituozhe (rocket family)">Kaituozhe 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinetica_1" title="Kinetica 1">Kinetica 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou" title="Kuaizhou">Kuaizhou</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuaizhou 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou_1A" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuaizhou 1A">1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou_11" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuaizhou 11">11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_(rocket_family)" title="Long March (rocket family)">Long March</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_2C" title="Long March 2C">2C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_2D" title="Long March 2D">2D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_2F" title="Long March 2F">2F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3A" title="Long March 3A">3A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3B" title="Long March 3B">3B/E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3C" title="Long March 3C">3C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_4B" title="Long March 4B">4B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_4C" title="Long March 4C">4C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_5" title="Long March 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_5B" class="mw-redirect" title="Long March 5B">5B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_6" title="Long March 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_6A" title="Long March 6A">6A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_6C" title="Long March 6C">6C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_7" title="Long March 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_7A" class="mw-redirect" title="Long March 7A">7A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_8" title="Long March 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_11" title="Long March 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_11" title="Long March 11">11H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_12" title="Long March 12">12</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LVM3" title="LVM3">LVM3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_(rocket_family)" title="Minotaur (rocket family)">Minotaur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_I" title="Minotaur I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_IV" title="Minotaur IV">IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_V" title="Minotaur V">V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur-C" title="Minotaur-C">C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Glenn" title="New Glenn">New Glenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuri_(rocket)" title="Nuri (rocket)">Nuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS-M1" class="mw-redirect" title="OS-M1">OS-M1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_XL" class="mw-redirect" title="Pegasus XL">Pegasus XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton-M" title="Proton-M">Proton-M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle">PSLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaem_100" title="Qaem 100">Qaem 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qased_(rocket)" title="Qased (rocket)">Qased</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_2" title="Shavit 2">Shavit 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simorgh_(rocket)" title="Simorgh (rocket)">Simorgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System" title="Space Launch System">SLS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System#Block_variants" title="Space Launch System">Block 1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2" title="Soyuz-2">Soyuz-2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2.1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2.1a">2.1a / STA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2.1b" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2.1b">2.1b / STB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Small Satellite Launch Vehicle">SSLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Starship" title="SpaceX Starship">Starship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianlong-2" title="Tianlong-2">Tianlong-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unha" title="Unha">Unha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_(rocket)" title="Vega (rocket)">Vega</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vega_C" title="Vega C">C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_Centaur" title="Vulcan Centaur">Vulcan Centaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LandSpace" title="LandSpace">Zhuque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhuque-2" title="Zhuque-2">2</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">Antares 330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloostar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloostar">Bloostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Whale_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue Whale 1">Blue Whale 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclone-4M" title="Cyclone-4M">Cyclone-4M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Technologies#DECA_orbital_rocket" title="Interstellar Technologies">Deca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_(rocket)#Epsilon_S" title="Epsilon (rocket)">Epsilon S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilmour_Space_Technologies#Eris_orbital_rocket" title="Gilmour Space Technologies">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orienspace" title="Orienspace">Gravity-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innospace_HANBIT-NANO" title="Innospace HANBIT-NANO">HANBIT-NANO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperbola-2" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperbola-2">Hyperbola-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irtysh_(rocket)" title="Irtysh (rocket)">Irtysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KSLV-III" title="KSLV-III">KSLV-III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou" title="Kuaizhou">Kuaizhou</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou_21" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuaizhou 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaizhou_31" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuaizhou 31">31</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_(rocket_family)" title="Long March (rocket family)">Long March</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_9" title="Long March 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_10" title="Long March 10">10</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miura_5" title="Miura 5">Miura 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medium_Launch_Vehicle" title="Medium Launch Vehicle">MLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Lab_Neutron" title="Rocket Lab Neutron">Neutron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Line_1" class="mw-redirect" title="New Line 1">New Line 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_Generation_Launch_Vehicle" title="Next Generation Launch Vehicle">NGLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoke_Space_Nova" title="Stoke Space Nova">Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OneSpace#OS-M_series" title="OneSpace">OS-M</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OneSpace#OS-M_series" title="OneSpace">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OneSpace#OS-M_series" title="OneSpace">4</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbex#Prime" title="Orbex">Orbex Prime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas-1" title="Pallas-1">Pallas-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BluShift_Aerospace#Red_Dwarf" title="BluShift Aerospace">Red Dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System" title="Space Launch System">SLS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System#Block_variants" title="Space Launch System">Block 1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System#Block_variants" title="Space Launch System">Block 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-7_(rocket_family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-7 (rocket family)">Soyuz-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isar_Aerospace_Spectrum" title="Isar Aerospace Spectrum">Spectrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terran_R" title="Terran R">Terran R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianlong-3" title="Tianlong-3">Tianlong-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VLM_(rocket)" title="VLM (rocket)">VLM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_E" class="mw-redirect" title="Vega E">Vega E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Technologies#ZERO_orbital_rocket" title="Interstellar Technologies">Zero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LandSpace" title="LandSpace">Zhuque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LandSpace#Zhuque-3" title="LandSpace">3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuljanah_(rocket)" title="Zuljanah (rocket)">Zuljanah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">Antares</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">130</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">230</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antares_(rocket)" title="Antares (rocket)">230+</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_(rocket_family)" title="Ariane (rocket family)">Ariane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_1" title="Ariane 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_2" title="Ariane 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_3" title="Ariane 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augmented_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle">ASLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena_(rocket_family)" title="Athena (rocket family)">Athena</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athena_I" title="Athena I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena_II" title="Athena II">II</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(rocket_family)" title="Atlas (rocket family)">Atlas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SM-65B_Atlas" title="SM-65B Atlas">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-65D_Atlas" title="SM-65D Atlas">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_E/F" title="Atlas E/F">E/F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_G" title="Atlas G">G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_H" title="Atlas H">H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_I" title="Atlas I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_II" title="Atlas II">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_III" title="Atlas III">III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_LV-3B" title="Atlas LV-3B">LV-3B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_SLV-3" title="Atlas SLV-3">SLV-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas-Able" title="Atlas-Able">Able</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas-Agena" title="Atlas-Agena">Agena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas-Centaur" title="Atlas-Centaur">Centaur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Arrow" title="Black Arrow">Black Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conestoga_(rocket)" title="Conestoga (rocket)">Conestoga</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_(rocket_family)" title="Delta (rocket family)">Delta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta_A" title="Delta A">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_B" title="Delta B">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_C" title="Delta C">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_D" title="Delta D">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_E" title="Delta E">E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_G" title="Delta G">G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_J" title="Delta J">J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_L" title="Delta L">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_M" title="Delta M">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_N" title="Delta N">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_0100" title="Delta 0100">0100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_1000" title="Delta 1000">1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_2000" title="Delta 2000">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_3000" title="Delta 3000">3000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_4000" title="Delta 4000">4000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_5000" title="Delta 5000">5000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_II" title="Delta II">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_III" title="Delta III">III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_IV" title="Delta IV">IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_IV_Heavy" title="Delta IV Heavy">IV Heavy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamant" title="Diamant">Diamant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnepr_(rocket)" title="Dnepr (rocket)">Dnepr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energia_(rocket)" title="Energia (rocket)">Energia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_(rocket)" title="Epsilon (rocket)">Epsilon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(rocket)" title="Europa (rocket)">Europa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(rocket)" title="Europa (rocket)">I</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(rocket)" title="Europa (rocket)">II</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_1" title="Falcon 1">Falcon 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.0" title="Falcon 9 v1.0">v1.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.1" title="Falcon 9 v1.1">v1.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_Full_Thrust" title="Falcon 9 Full Thrust">v1.2 "Full Thrust"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feng_Bao_1" title="Feng Bao 1">Feng Bao 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geosynchronous_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle">GSLV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GSLV_Mk_I" class="mw-redirect" title="GSLV Mk I">Mk I</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-I" title="H-I">H-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-II" title="H-II">H-II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-IIB" title="H-IIB">H-IIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juno_I" title="Juno I">Juno I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juno_II" title="Juno II">Juno II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaituozhe-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaituozhe-1">Kaituozhe-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_(rocket_family)" title="Kosmos (rocket family)">Kosmos</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_(rocket_family)" title="Kosmos (rocket family)">original</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-1" title="Kosmos-1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-2I" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosmos-2I">2/2I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-3" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosmos-3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos-3M" title="Kosmos-3M">3M</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_(rocket_family)" title="Lambda (rocket family)">Lambda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_4S" title="Lambda 4S">4S</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LauncherOne" title="LauncherOne">LauncherOne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_(rocket_family)" title="Long March (rocket family)">Long March</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_1" title="Long March 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_1D" title="Long March 1D">1D</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_2A" title="Long March 2A">2A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_2E" title="Long March 2E">2E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3" title="Long March 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_3B" title="Long March 3B">3B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_4A" title="Long March 4A">4A</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_(rocket_family)" title="Mu (rocket family)">Mu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M-4S" class="mw-redirect" title="M-4S">4S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-3C" class="mw-redirect" title="M-3C">3C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-3H" class="mw-redirect" title="M-3H">3H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-3S" class="mw-redirect" title="M-3S">3S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-3SII" class="mw-redirect" title="M-3SII">3SII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-V" title="M-V">V</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N1_(rocket)" title="N1 (rocket)">N1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-I_(rocket)" title="N-I (rocket)">N-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-II_(rocket)" title="N-II (rocket)">N-II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naro-1" title="Naro-1">Naro-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paektusan_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paektusan (rocket)">Paektusan</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NOTS-EV-1_Pilot" title="NOTS-EV-1 Pilot">Pilot-2</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-7_(rocket_family)" title="R-7 (rocket family)">R-7</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_(rocket)" title="Luna (rocket)">Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molniya_(rocket)" title="Molniya (rocket)">Molniya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Molniya-M" title="Molniya-M">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molniya-L" class="mw-redirect" title="Molniya-L">L</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyot_(rocket)" title="Polyot (rocket)">Polyot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_(rocket_family)" title="Soyuz (rocket family)">Soyuz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_(rocket)" title="Soyuz (rocket)">original</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-FG" title="Soyuz-FG">FG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-L" title="Soyuz-L">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-M" title="Soyuz-M">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-U" title="Soyuz-U">U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-U2" title="Soyuz-U2">U2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz-2-1v" class="mw-redirect" title="Soyuz-2-1v">2-1v</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz/Vostok" title="Soyuz/Vostok">Soyuz/Vostok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sputnik_(rocket)" title="Sputnik (rocket)">Sputnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voskhod_(rocket)" title="Voskhod (rocket)">Voskhod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok_(rocket_family)" title="Vostok (rocket family)">Vostok</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-L" title="Vostok-L">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-K" title="Vostok-K">K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-2_(rocket)" title="Vostok-2 (rocket)">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vostok-2M" title="Vostok-2M">2M</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-29_Vysota" class="mw-redirect" title="R-29 Vysota">R-29</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shtil%27" title="Shtil'">Shtil'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volna" title="Volna">Volna</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astra_Rocket" title="Astra Rocket">Rocket 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS1_(rocket)" title="RS1 (rocket)">RS1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safir_(rocket)" title="Safir (rocket)">Safir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Safir_(rocket)" title="Safir (rocket)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safir_(rocket)" title="Safir (rocket)">1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safir_(rocket)" title="Safir (rocket)">1B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_(rocket_family)" title="Saturn (rocket family)">Saturn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_I" title="Saturn I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_IB" title="Saturn IB">IB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_V" title="Saturn V">V</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_(rocket_family)" title="Scout (rocket family)">Scout</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scout_X-1" title="Scout X-1">X-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RM-90_Blue_Scout_II" title="RM-90 Blue Scout II">Blue Scout II</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_X-2" title="Scout X-2">X-2</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_X-2M" title="Scout X-2M">X-2M</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scout_X-3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scout X-3 (page does not exist)">X-3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scout_X-3M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scout X-3M (page does not exist)">X-3M</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scout_X-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scout X-4 (page does not exist)">X-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_X-2B" title="Scout X-2B">X-2B</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout B">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout A">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_B-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout B-1">B-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_D-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout D-1">D-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_A-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout A-1">A-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scout_E-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scout E-1 (page does not exist)">E-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_F-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout F-1">F-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_G-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout G-1">G-1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_2" title="Shavit 2">Shavit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_2" title="Shavit 2">original</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_2" title="Shavit 2">1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" title="Satellite Launch Vehicle">SLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARK_(rocket)" title="SPARK (rocket)">SPARK</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparta_(rocket)" title="Sparta (rocket)">Sparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS-520#SS-520-4" class="mw-redirect" title="SS-520">SS-520</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Start-1" title="Start-1">Start-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terran_1" title="Terran 1">Terran 1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_(rocket_family)" title="Thor (rocket family)">Thor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Able" title="Thor-Able">Able</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Ablestar" title="Thor-Ablestar">Ablestar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Ablestar" title="Thor-Ablestar">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Ablestar" title="Thor-Ablestar">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Agena" title="Thor-Agena">Agena</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Agena" title="Thor-Agena">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Agena" title="Thor-Agena">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Agena" title="Thor-Agena">D</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Burner" title="Thor-Burner">Burner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Burner" title="Thor-Burner">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Burner" title="Thor-Burner">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor-Delta" title="Thor-Delta">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_DSV-2U" title="Thor DSV-2U">DSV-2U</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorad-Agena" title="Thorad-Agena">Thorad-Agena</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thorad-Agena" title="Thorad-Agena">SLV-2G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorad-Agena" title="Thorad-Agena">SLV-2H</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_(rocket_family)" title="Titan (rocket family)">Titan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titan_II_GLV" title="Titan II GLV">II GLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIA" title="Titan IIIA">IIIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIB" title="Titan IIIB">IIIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIC" title="Titan IIIC">IIIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIID" title="Titan IIID">IIID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IIIE" title="Titan IIIE">IIIE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_34D" title="Titan 34D">34D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_23G" title="Titan 23G">23G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Titan_III" title="Commercial Titan III">CT-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_IV" title="Titan IV">IV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon" title="Tsyklon">Tsyklon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R-36_(missile)" title="R-36 (missile)">R-36-O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon" title="Tsyklon">original</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon-2" title="Tsyklon-2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsyklon-3" title="Tsyklon-3">3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Rocket" title="Universal Rocket">Universal Rocket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proton_(rocket_family)" title="Proton (rocket family)">UR-500 Proton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton-K" title="Proton-K">Proton-K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rokot" title="Rokot">Rokot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strela_(rocket)" title="Strela (rocket)">Strela</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_(rocket)" title="Vanguard (rocket)">Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_(rocket)" title="Vega (rocket)">Vega</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vega_(rocket)" title="Vega (rocket)">original</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VLS-1" title="VLS-1">VLS-1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit_(rocket_family)" title="Zenit (rocket family)">Zenit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-2" title="Zenit-2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-2M" title="Zenit-2M">2M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-2M" title="Zenit-2M">2FG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3SL" title="Zenit-3SL">3SL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3SLB" title="Zenit-3SLB">3SLB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenit-3F" title="Zenit-3F">3F</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LandSpace" title="LandSpace">Zhuque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhuque-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhuque-1">1</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sounding_rocket" title="Sounding rocket">Sounding rocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Small-lift launch vehicle">Small-lift launch vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medium-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Medium-lift launch vehicle">Medium-lift launch vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Heavy-lift launch vehicle">Heavy-lift launch vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_heavy-lift_launch_vehicle" title="Super heavy-lift launch vehicle">Super heavy-lift launch vehicle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>This template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future</li> <li>Symbol <sup>†</sup> indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&oldid=1266836077">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&oldid=1266836077</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_launch_vehicles_of_Russia" title="Category:Space launch vehicles of Russia">Space launch vehicles of Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Proposed_space_launch_vehicles" title="Category:Proposed space launch vehicles">Proposed space launch vehicles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Partially_reusable_space_launch_vehicles" title="Category:Partially reusable space launch vehicles">Partially reusable space launch vehicles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Roscosmos" title="Category:Roscosmos">Roscosmos</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_non-numeric_formatnum_arguments" title="Category:Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments">Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Russian-language_sources_(ru)" title="Category:CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)">CS1 Russian-language sources (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_translation_from_Russian_Wikipedia" title="Category:Articles needing translation from Russian Wikipedia">Articles needing translation from Russian Wikipedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Russian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Russian-language text">Articles containing Russian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2020" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating_from_January_2017" title="Category:Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2017">Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles in need of updating">All Wikipedia articles in need of updating</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2020" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020">Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_November_2024" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2024">Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases" title="Category:All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases">All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases_from_October_2020" title="Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from October 2020">Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from October 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_October_2020" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2020">Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_vague_or_ambiguous_time" title="Category:All articles with vague or ambiguous time">All articles with vague or ambiguous time</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_time_from_November_2024" title="Category:Vague or ambiguous time from November 2024">Vague or ambiguous time from November 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2020" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating_from_November_2024" title="Category:Wikipedia articles in need of updating from November 2024">Wikipedia articles in need of updating from November 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_displaying_short_descriptions_of_redirect_targets_via_Module:Annotated_link" title="Category:Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets via Module:Annotated link">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets via Module:Annotated link</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 2 January 2025, at 12:37<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soyuz-7&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz-7</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>6 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c6f46dcf-xhmx6","wgBackendResponseTime":190,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.763","walltime":"0.961","ppvisitednodes":{"value":8283,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":196318,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":16371,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":14,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":106543,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":2,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 818.499 1 -total"," 26.79% 219.245 4 Template:Infobox"," 20.25% 165.743 1 Template:Infobox_rocket"," 17.00% 139.115 1 Template:Reflist"," 11.02% 90.165 10 Template:Cite_web"," 9.25% 75.748 1 Template:Lang-rus"," 9.09% 74.392 1 Template:Language_with_name"," 8.93% 73.072 1 Template:Lang"," 8.78% 71.832 4 Template:Navbox"," 8.52% 69.746 1 Template:Russian_launch_vehicles"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.433","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":17875446,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c6f46dcf-q8pgk","timestamp":"20250329082917","ttl":55846,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Soyuz-7","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Soyuz-7","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q48770740","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q48770740","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2015-08-20T20:02:27Z","dateModified":"2025-01-02T12:37:45Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a5\/Amur_rocket_at_RUSSIA_exibition.jpg","headline":"LOX and methane fueled"}</script> </body> </html>