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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Kalmarunie" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Kalmarunie" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Kalmarunie" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div 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<span>Epiloog</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epiloog-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bronnelys" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronnelys"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bronnelys</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronnelys-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kalmarunie</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 77 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-77" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">77 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="اتحاد كالمار – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اتحاد كالمار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xuni%C3%B3n_de_Kalmar" title="Xunión de Kalmar – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xunión de Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmar_%C4%B0ttifaq%C4%B1" title="Kalmar İttifaqı – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kalmar İttifaqı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="کالمار بیرلیگی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کالمار بیرلیگی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Кальмар унияһы – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кальмар унияһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmara_on%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Kalmara onėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kalmara onėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Кальмарская унія – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кальмарская унія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Кальмарская унія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кальмарская унія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Калмарска уния – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Калмарска уния" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unaniezh_Kalmar" title="Unaniezh Kalmar – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Unaniezh Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarska_unija" title="Kalmarska unija – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kalmarska unija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3_de_Kalmar" title="Unió de Kalmar – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Unió de Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarsk%C3%A1_unie" title="Kalmarská unie – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kalmarská unie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undeb_Kalmar" title="Undeb Kalmar – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Undeb Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarunionen" title="Kalmarunionen – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kalmarunionen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarer_Union" title="Kalmarer Union – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kalmarer Union" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%88%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%81" title="Ένωση του Κάλμαρ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ένωση του Κάλμαρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kalmar Union" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unio_de_Kalmar" title="Unio de Kalmar – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Unio de Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_de_Kalmar" title="Unión de Kalmar – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Unión de Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmari_unioon" title="Kalmari unioon – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kalmari unioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarko_Batasuna" title="Kalmarko Batasuna – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kalmarko Batasuna" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="اتحاد کالمار – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اتحاد کالمار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarin_unioni" title="Kalmarin unioni – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kalmarin unioni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarsamveldi%C3%B0" title="Kalmarsamveldið – Faroëes" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kalmarsamveldið" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroëes" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_de_Kalmar" title="Union de Kalmar – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Union de Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uny_fan_Kalmar" title="Uny fan Kalmar – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Uny fan Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aonadh_Kalmar" title="Aonadh Kalmar – Skotse Gallies" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Aonadh Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Skotse Gallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_de_Kalmar" title="Unión de Kalmar – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Unión de Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%97%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A8" title="איחוד קאלמאר – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איחוד קאלמאר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarska_unija" title="Kalmarska unija – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kalmarska unija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmari_uni%C3%B3" title="Kalmari unió – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kalmari unió" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Կալմարյան միություն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կալմարյան միություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_de_Kalmar" title="Union de Kalmar – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Union de Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni_Kalmar" title="Uni Kalmar – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Uni Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmar-uniono" title="Kalmar-uniono – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kalmar-uniono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarsambandi%C3%B0" title="Kalmarsambandið – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kalmarsambandið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unione_di_Kalmar" title="Unione di Kalmar – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Unione di Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AB%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F" title="カルマル同盟 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カルマル同盟" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="კალმარის უნია – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კალმარის უნია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Кальмар униясы – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кальмар униясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%BC%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4_%EB%8F%99%EB%A7%B9" title="칼마르 동맹 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="칼마르 동맹" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Кальмар уния – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Кальмар уния" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unio_Calmariensis" title="Unio Calmariensis – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Unio Calmariensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmaro_unija" title="Kalmaro unija – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kalmaro unija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalm%C4%81ras_%C5%ABnija" title="Kalmāras ūnija – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kalmāras ūnija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Калмарска Унија – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Калмарска Унија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="कल्मार संघटन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कल्मार संघटन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesatuan_Kalmar" title="Kesatuan Kalmar – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kesatuan Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%87" title="کالمار اتحادیه – Masanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کالمار اتحادیه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unie_van_Kalmar" title="Unie van Kalmar – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Unie van Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarunionen" title="Kalmarunionen – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kalmarunionen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarunionen" title="Kalmarunionen – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kalmarunionen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_de_Kalmar" title="Union de Kalmar – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Union de Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unia_kalmarska" title="Unia kalmarska – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Unia kalmarska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87" title="کالمار ټولنه – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کالمار ټولنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%A3o_de_Kalmar" title="União de Kalmar – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="União de Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniunea_de_la_Kalmar" title="Uniunea de la Kalmar – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Uniunea de la Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Кальмарская уния – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кальмарская уния" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmara_uniovdna" title="Kalmara uniovdna – Noord-Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Kalmara uniovdna" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Noord-Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarska_unija" title="Kalmarska unija – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kalmarska unija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kalmar Union" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarsk%C3%A1_%C3%BAnia" title="Kalmarská únia – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kalmarská únia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarska_unija" title="Kalmarska unija – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kalmarska unija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmar_union" title="Kalmar union – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Kalmar union" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashkimi_i_Kalmarit" title="Bashkimi i Kalmarit – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bashkimi i Kalmarit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Калмарска унија – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Калмарска унија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmarunionen" title="Kalmarunionen – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kalmarunionen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="สหภาพคาลมาร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สหภาพคาลมาร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unyong_Kalmar" title="Unyong Kalmar – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Unyong Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmar_Birli%C4%9Fi" title="Kalmar Birliği – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kalmar Birliği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Кальмарська унія – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кальмарська унія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="کالمار اتحاد – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کالمار اتحاد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AAn_minh_Kalmar" title="Liên minh Kalmar – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Liên minh Kalmar" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E9%A9%AC%E8%81%94%E5%90%88" title="卡尔马联合 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="卡尔马联合" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E9%A9%AC%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="卡尔马联盟 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卡尔马联盟" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%E9%A6%AC%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="卡爾馬聯盟 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="卡爾馬聯盟" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q62623#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kalmarunie" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Kalmarunie" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kalmarunie"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kalmarunie"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Kalmarunie" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Kalmarunie" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&oldid=2701075" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Kalmarunie&id=2701075&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKalmarunie"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKalmarunie"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kalmarunie"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kalmarunie&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kalmar_Union" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q62623" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geografiese_ko%C3%B6rdinatestelsel" title="Geografiese koördinatestelsel">Koördinate</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2670708">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kalmarunie&language=af&params=55_51_N_12_34_O_type:country({{{area}}})"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Kaarte, lugfoto's, en ander data vir hierdie plek"><span class="latitude">55°51′N</span> <span class="longitude">12°34′O</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Kaarte, lugfoto's, en ander data vir hierdie plek">55.850°N 12.567°O</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">55.850; 12.567</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><div style="background: var(--background-color-base); color: var(--color-base); float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; width: auto; text-align: center; font-size: 90%; line-height: 1.4em;"> <div style="border:1px solid #ccd2d9; width:24.5em; background: var(--background-color-base); color: var(--color-base); text-align:left; padding:0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em; text-align:center;"> <table style="v.C.transparent; text-align:left; table-layout:auto; border-collapse:collapse; padding:0; font-size:100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <caption style="margin-left:inherit; font-size:135%; padding-bottom:0.5em; line-height:1.1em;"> <i><b>Kalmarunionen</b></i><br /> <b>Kalmar Unie</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9"> <table width="275" style="text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:var(--background-color-base); color:inherit;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="50px" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Denemarke" title="Denemarke">←</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Royal_Banner_of_Denmark_(14th_Century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Royal_Banner_of_Denmark_%2814th_Century%29.svg/30px-Royal_Banner_of_Denmark_%2814th_Century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Royal_Banner_of_Denmark_%2814th_Century%29.svg/45px-Royal_Banner_of_Denmark_%2814th_Century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Royal_Banner_of_Denmark_%2814th_Century%29.svg/60px-Royal_Banner_of_Denmark_%2814th_Century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="761" data-file-height="1021" /></a></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Noorwe%C3%AB" title="Noorweë">←</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Royal_Banner_of_Norway_(14th_Century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Royal_Banner_of_Norway_%2814th_Century%29.svg/30px-Royal_Banner_of_Norway_%2814th_Century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Royal_Banner_of_Norway_%2814th_Century%29.svg/45px-Royal_Banner_of_Norway_%2814th_Century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Royal_Banner_of_Norway_%2814th_Century%29.svg/60px-Royal_Banner_of_Norway_%2814th_Century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="594" /></a></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Swede" title="Swede">←</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Royal_Banner_of_Sweden_(14th_Century).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Royal_Banner_of_Sweden_%2814th_Century%29.svg/30px-Royal_Banner_of_Sweden_%2814th_Century%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Royal_Banner_of_Sweden_%2814th_Century%29.svg/45px-Royal_Banner_of_Sweden_%2814th_Century%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Royal_Banner_of_Sweden_%2814th_Century%29.svg/60px-Royal_Banner_of_Sweden_%2814th_Century%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="594" /></a></span><br /> </td> <td style="background: var(--background-color-base); color: var(--color-base); vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:105%;"><b><a href="/wiki/1397" title="1397">1397</a> – <a href="/wiki/1523" title="1523">1523</a></b> </td> <td width="50px" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Sweden_(1562%E2%80%931650).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Sweden_%281562%E2%80%931650%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sweden_%281562%E2%80%931650%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Sweden_%281562%E2%80%931650%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sweden_%281562%E2%80%931650%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_Sweden_%281562%E2%80%931650%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Sweden_%281562%E2%80%931650%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Swede" title="Swede">→</a><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9"> <table width="100%" style="text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:var(--background-color-base); color:inherit;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="50%" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span style="border:1px solid #bbbbbb; display:table-cell;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_Kalmar_Union.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag"><img alt="Vlag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_the_Kalmar_Union.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Kalmar_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_the_Kalmar_Union.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Kalmar_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_the_Kalmar_Union.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Kalmar_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> </td> <td width="50%" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Armoiries_medievales_d_Eric_de_Pom%C3%A9ranie_1382-1459.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wapenskild"><img alt="Wapenskild" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Armoiries_medievales_d_Eric_de_Pom%C3%A9ranie_1382-1459.svg/100px-Armoiries_medievales_d_Eric_de_Pom%C3%A9ranie_1382-1459.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Armoiries_medievales_d_Eric_de_Pom%C3%A9ranie_1382-1459.svg/150px-Armoiries_medievales_d_Eric_de_Pom%C3%A9ranie_1382-1459.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Armoiries_medievales_d_Eric_de_Pom%C3%A9ranie_1382-1459.svg/200px-Armoiries_medievales_d_Eric_de_Pom%C3%A9ranie_1382-1459.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="674" data-file-height="831" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="font-size: 95%;"> <td style="border:0; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Vlag" title="Vlag">Vlag</a> </td> <td style="border:0; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Wapen_(heraldiek)" title="Wapen (heraldiek)">Wapen</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; vertical-align:top; text-align:center; font-size:95%; padding:0.4em 0 0.4em 0"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Kalmar_Union_ca._1400.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ligging of Kalmar Unie"><img alt="Ligging of Kalmar Unie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Kalmar_Union_ca._1400.svg/250px-Kalmar_Union_ca._1400.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Kalmar_Union_ca._1400.svg/375px-Kalmar_Union_ca._1400.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Kalmar_Union_ca._1400.svg/500px-Kalmar_Union_ca._1400.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="463" /></a><figcaption>Ligging of Kalmar Unie</figcaption></figure><small>Die Kalmar Unie teen die begin van die <a href="/wiki/16de_eeu" title="16de eeu">16de eeu</a>.</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td width="50%" style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Hoofstad" title="Hoofstad">Hoofstad</a></b> </td> <td width="50%" style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top"><a href="/wiki/Kopenhagen" title="Kopenhagen">Kopenhagen</a><br /> <small><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2670708">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kalmarunie&language=af&params=55_51_N_12_34_O_type:country({{{area}}})"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Kaarte, lugfoto's, en ander data vir hierdie plek"><span class="latitude">55°51′N</span> <span class="longitude">12°34′O</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Kaarte, lugfoto's, en ander data vir hierdie plek">55.850°N 12.567°O</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">55.850; 12.567</span></span></span></a></span></span></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Godsdiens" title="Godsdiens">Godsdiens</a></b> </td> <td style="border-top: solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top"><a href="/wiki/Rooms-Katolieke_Kerk" title="Rooms-Katolieke Kerk">Rooms-Katolieke Kerk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Regering" title="Regering">Regering</a></b> </td> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0 0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Monargie" title="Monargie">Monargie</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Koning" title="Koning">Koning</a></b> </td> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"> - <a href="/wiki/1387" title="1387">1387</a>–<a href="/wiki/1412" title="1412">1412</a> (Denemarke)<br />   <a href="/wiki/1388" title="1388">1388</a>–<a href="/wiki/1389" title="1389">1389</a> (Noorweë)<br />   <a href="/wiki/1389" title="1389">1389</a>–<a href="/wiki/1412" title="1412">1412</a> (Swede) </td> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"><a href="/wiki/Margrethe_I_van_Denemarke" title="Margrethe I van Denemarke">Margrethe I Valdemarsdatter</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"> - <a href="/wiki/1389" title="1389">1389</a>–<a href="/wiki/1442" title="1442">1442</a> (Noorweë)<br />   <a href="/wiki/1396" title="1396">1396</a>–<a href="/wiki/1439" title="1439">1439</a> (Swede)<br />   <a href="/wiki/1396" title="1396">1396</a>–<a href="/wiki/1439" title="1439">1439</a> (Denemarke) </td> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"><a href="/wiki/Erik_van_Pommere" title="Erik van Pommere">Erik van Pommere</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"> - <a href="/wiki/1481" title="1481">1481</a>–<a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a> (Denemarke)<br />   <a href="/wiki/1483" title="1483">1483</a>–<a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a> (Noorweë)<br />   <a href="/wiki/1497" title="1497">1497</a>–<a href="/wiki/1501" title="1501">1501</a> (Swede) </td> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"><a href="/wiki/Hans_van_Denemarke" title="Hans van Denemarke">Hans van Denemarke</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"> - <a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a>–<a href="/wiki/1523" title="1523">23</a> (Denemarke en Noorweë<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)<br />   <a href="/wiki/1520" title="1520">1520</a>–<a href="/wiki/1521" title="1521">21</a> (Swede) </td> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"><a href="/wiki/Christiaan_II_van_Denemarke" title="Christiaan II van Denemarke">Christiaan II</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"> - <a href="/wiki/1524" title="1524">1524</a>–<a href="/wiki/1533" title="1533">33</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1em 0.2em 0; text-align:left; vertical-align:top"><a href="/wiki/Frederik_I_van_Denemarke" title="Frederik I van Denemarke">Frederik I</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Wetgewer" title="Wetgewer">Wetgewer</a></b> </td> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top;"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riksr%C3%A5d&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Riksråd (bladsy bestaan nie)">Riksråd</a></i> en <i>Herredag</i> (een in elke koninkryk) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"><b>Historiese tydperk</b> </td> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0 0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Middeleeue" title="Middeleeue">Middeleeue</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top"> - <a href="/wiki/Margrethe_I_van_Denemarke" title="Margrethe I van Denemarke">Margrethe I</a> erken as <a href="/wiki/Koninkryk_van_Denemarke" title="Koninkryk van Denemarke">regent van Denemarke</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/1387" title="1387">1387</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top"> - Gevestig</td> <td><a href="/wiki/17_Junie" title="17 Junie">17 Junie</a> <a href="/wiki/1397" title="1397">1397</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top"> - Engelbrekt rebellie</td> <td><a href="/wiki/1434" title="1434">1434</a>–<a href="/wiki/1436" title="1436">36</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top"> - Stockholm Bloedbad</td> <td>November <a href="/wiki/1520" title="1520">1520</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top"> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_I_van_Swede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav I van Swede (bladsy bestaan nie)">Gustav Vasa</a> verkies tot <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koning_van_Swede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koning van Swede (bladsy bestaan nie)">Koning van Swede</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/6_Junie" title="6 Junie">6 Junie</a> <a href="/wiki/1523" title="1523">1523</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top"> - <a href="/wiki/Denemarke" title="Denemarke">Deense</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rigsr%C3%A5d&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rigsråd (bladsy bestaan nie)">Rigsråd</a></i> annekseer <a href="/wiki/Noorwe%C3%AB" title="Noorweë">Noorweë</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/1536" title="1536">1536</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top"> - Verdrag van Kiel</td> <td><a href="/wiki/14_Januarie" title="14 Januarie">14 Januarie</a> <a href="/wiki/1814" title="1814">1814</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td width="50%" style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_and_outlying_territories_by_area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of countries and outlying territories by area (bladsy bestaan nie)">Area</a></b> </td> <td width="50%" style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top">2 839 386 km<sup>2</sup> <br />1 096 293 sq mi </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Geldeenheid" title="Geldeenheid">Geldeenheid</a></b> </td> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top;">Mark, penning </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> </div> <p>Die <b>Kalmarunie</b> (<a href="/wiki/Deens" title="Deens">Deens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noors" title="Noors">Noors</a> en <a href="/wiki/Sweeds" title="Sweeds">Sweeds</a>: <i>Kalmarunionen</i>; <a href="/wiki/Fins" title="Fins">Fins</a>: <i>Kalmarin unioni</i>; <a href="/wiki/Yslands" title="Yslands">Yslands</a>: <i>Kalmarsambandið</i>; <a href="/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn">Latyn</a>: <i>Unio Calmariensis</i>) het die drie koninkryke van <a href="/wiki/Denemarke" title="Denemarke">Denemarke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noorwe%C3%AB" title="Noorweë">Noorweë</a> en <a href="/wiki/Swede" title="Swede">Swede</a> in 1397 onder een monarg verenig. Die lande het hulle soewereiniteit maar nie hulle onafhanklikheid prysgegee nie.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sweedse ontevredenheid oor die Deense gesentraliseerde bestuur het dan ook gelei tot konflik wat sou lei tot die uitmekaarval van die unie in 1523. </p><p>Die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Personeleunie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Personeleunie (bladsy bestaan nie)">personeleunie</a> is gevorm deur die koningin <a href="/wiki/Margrethe_I_van_Denemarke" title="Margrethe I van Denemarke">Margrethe I van Denemarke</a> (1353–1413) in die Sweedse stad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalmar (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kalmar</a>, aan die Deense grens, nadat Deense en Sweedse troepe die Sweedse koning, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_van_Mecklenburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert van Mecklenburg (bladsy bestaan nie)">Albert van Mecklenburg</a> verslaan het. Koningin Margrethe I kon haar neef <a href="/wiki/Erik_van_Pommere" title="Erik van Pommere">Erik van Pommere</a> op die Noorse troon kry, wie vervolgens tot koning verklaar word van eweneens albei ander lande. Margrethe I beloof om die politieke invloedvoorregte van die <a href="/wiki/Adel" title="Adel">adel</a> te beskerm in haar unie, maar koning Erik wou die <a href="/wiki/Monargie" title="Monargie">monargie</a> versterk. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Konflik">Konflik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Konflik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Konflik"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die Swede was nie tevrede met die verskillende Deense oorloë, wat Sweedse uitvoer van produkte (veral <a href="/wiki/Yster" title="Yster">yster</a>), belemmer het nie. Desentralisasie van mag in Denemarke het ook ongelukkigheid veroorsaak. Die unie verbrokkel in die jaar 1430 tot op die punt van 'n gewapende opstand. Erik word in 1438–1439 onttroon, en opgevolg deur <a href="/wiki/Christoffel_van_Beiere" title="Christoffel van Beiere">Christoffel van Beiere</a>. In die magvakuum na Christoffel se dood in 1448 verkies Swede <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karel_VIII_van_Swede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karel VIII van Swede (bladsy bestaan nie)">Karel VIII van Swede</a> tot koning, wat die volgende jaar ook tot koning van Noorweë verkies word. Denemarke verkies egter <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_I_van_Denemarke" title="Christiaan I van Denemarke">Christiaan I van Denemarke</a> tot koning, en wou hulle troon nie sommer prysgee nie. Die volgende sewentig jaar sou oorloë tussen Swede en Denemarke die unie oorheers. </p><p>Na die suksesvolle herowering van Swede deur Christiaan I van Denemarke en die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bloedbad_van_Stockholm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bloedbad van Stockholm (bladsy bestaan nie)">Bloedbad van Stockholm</a> in 1521 begin Swede nog 'n opstand. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_I_van_Swede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav I van Swede (bladsy bestaan nie)">Gustav I van Swede</a> verklaar egter Swede onafhanklik op 6 Junie 1523 na sy kroning, en hef die unie finaal op. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Epiloog">Epiloog</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Epiloog" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Epiloog"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die laaste strukture van die Kalmarunie bly bestaan tot 1536, toe Denemarke Noorweë eensydig tot 'n Deense provinsie verklaar. Noorweë behou aparte instellings en sy eie regsstelsel, maar hulle oorsese besittings (<a href="/wiki/Ysland" title="Ysland">Ysland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Groenland" title="Groenland">Groenland</a> en die <a href="/wiki/Faro%C3%ABreilande" title="Faroëreilande">Faroëreilande</a>) word Deense kroonbesit. In 1814 is die koning van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Denemarke%E2%80%93Noorwe%C3%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Denemarke–Noorweë (bladsy bestaan nie)">Denemarke–Noorweë</a> egter verplig om Noorweë aan die koning van Swede te oorhandig, wat die begin was van die nuwe <a href="/w/index.php?title=Personeleunie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Personeleunie (bladsy bestaan nie)">personeleunie</a> van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Swede%E2%80%93Noorwe%C3%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swede–Noorweë (bladsy bestaan nie)">Swede–Noorweë</a>. </p><p>Die Kalmarunie sou vir 500 jaar die laaste militêre alliansie wees wat al die Skandinawiese lande behels het. Sedert die toetrede van <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> en Swede tot die <a href="/wiki/NAVO" title="NAVO">NAVO</a> in onderskeidelik 2023 en 2024 is al die Skandinawiese lande weer lede van dieselfde militêre alliansie, met Denemarke, Noorweë en Ysland wat in 1949 stigtingslede van dié organisasie was.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Notas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Notas"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Erik_van_Pommere" title="Erik van Pommere">Erik VII van Denemarke</a>, Erik III van Noorweë, Erik XIII van Swede.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">2. <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_II_van_Denemarke" title="Christiaan II van Denemarke">Christiaan II</a> was <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regent (bladsy bestaan nie)">Regent</a> van <a href="/wiki/Noorwe%C3%AB" title="Noorweë">Noorweë</a> van 1506 af.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFChristine_Ingebritsen2006" class="citation book cs1">Christine Ingebritsen (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.nl/books?id=v1VRPBAF9NcC&pg=PA7&dq=kalmar+union&hl=nl&sa=X&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAzgKahUKEwiI_omI37_HAhULnnIKHRVaCvQ#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>Scandinavia in World Politics</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7425-0966-5" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7425-0966-5"><bdi>978-0-7425-0966-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">12 Maart</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scandinavia+in+World+Politics&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-7425-0966-5&rft.au=Christine+Ingebritsen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.nl%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv1VRPBAF9NcC%26pg%3DPA7%26dq%3Dkalmar%2Bunion%26hl%3Dnl%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0CDoQ6AEwAzgKahUKEwiI_omI37_HAhULnnIKHRVaCvQ%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalmarunie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Duits">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">de</span>) </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFRonald_D._Gerste2023" class="citation web cs1">Ronald D. Gerste (30 Mei 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zeit.de/2023/22/schweden-unabhaengigkeit-gustav-vasa-nato-beitritt">"Unabhängigkeit von Schweden – Alter Schwede"</a>. Die Zeit<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">12 Maart</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unabh%C3%A4ngigkeit+von+Schweden+%E2%80%93+Alter+Schwede&rft.pub=Die+Zeit&rft.date=2023-05-30&rft.au=Ronald+D.+Gerste&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2F2023%2F22%2Fschweden-unabhaengigkeit-gustav-vasa-nato-beitritt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalmarunie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Duits">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">de</span>) </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFLinda_Koponen2024" class="citation web cs1">Linda Koponen (28 Februarie 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzz.ch/international/schweden-tritt-nato-bei-was-die-erweiterung-fuer-die-ostsee-bedeutet-ld.1748476">"Gewinnt die Nato nach Schwedens Beitritt die alleinige Kontrolle über die Ostsee? Es ist kompliziert – eine Analyse in Karten"</a>. Neue Zürcher Zeitung<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">12 Maart</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gewinnt+die+Nato+nach+Schwedens+Beitritt+die+alleinige+Kontrolle+%C3%BCber+die+Ostsee%3F+Es+ist+kompliziert+%E2%80%93+eine+Analyse+in+Karten&rft.pub=Neue+Z%C3%BCrcher+Zeitung&rft.date=2024-02-28&rft.au=Linda+Koponen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzz.ch%2Finternational%2Fschweden-tritt-nato-bei-was-die-erweiterung-fuer-die-ostsee-bedeutet-ld.1748476&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalmarunie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bronnelys">Bronnelys</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Bronnelys" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Bronnelys"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Kalmar-Union">"Kalmar Union"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">12 Maart</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kalmar+Union&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FKalmar-Union&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKalmarunie" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons logo"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> het meer media in die kategorie <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kalmar_Union" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kalmar Union">Kalmarunie</a>.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Geskiedenis_van_Europa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Ou_Steentydperk_in_Europa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ou Steentydperk in Europa (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ou Steentydperk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuwe_Steentydperk_in_Europa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuwe Steentydperk in Europa (bladsy bestaan nie)">Nuwe Steentydperk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronstydperk" title="Bronstydperk">Bronstydperk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ystertydperk" title="Ystertydperk">Ystertydperk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klassieke_oudheid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klassieke oudheid (bladsy bestaan nie)">Klassieke oudheid</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Klassieke_Griekeland" title="Klassieke Griekeland">Klassieke Griekeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Republiek" title="Romeinse Republiek">Romeinse Republiek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hellenisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hellenisme (bladsy bestaan nie)">Hellenisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Ryk" title="Romeinse Ryk">Romeinse Ryk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vroe%C3%AB_Christendom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vroeë Christendom (bladsy bestaan nie)">Vroeë Christendom</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krisis_van_die_derde_eeu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krisis van die derde eeu (bladsy bestaan nie)">Krisis van die derde eeu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val_van_die_Wes-Romeinse_Ryk" title="Val van die Wes-Romeinse Ryk">Val van die Wes-Romeinse Ryk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laat_oudheid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laat oudheid (bladsy bestaan nie)">Laat oudheid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Middeleeue" title="Middeleeue">Middeleeue</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vroe%C3%AB_Middeleeue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vroeë Middeleeue (bladsy bestaan nie)">Vroeë Middeleeue</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groot_Volksverhuising&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Groot Volksverhuising (bladsy bestaan nie)">Groot Volksverhuising</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerstening&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kerstening (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kerstening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankiese_Ryk" title="Frankiese Ryk">Frankiese Ryk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisantynse_Ryk" title="Bisantynse Ryk">Bisantynse Ryk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maritieme_Republieke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maritieme Republieke (bladsy bestaan nie)">Maritieme Republieke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikingtydperk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vikingtydperk (bladsy bestaan nie)">Vikingtydperk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ki%C3%ABf-Roes" title="Kiëf-Roes">Kiëf-Roes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heilige_Romeinse_Ryk" title="Heilige Romeinse Ryk">Heilige Romeinse Ryk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ho%C3%AB_Middeleeue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoë Middeleeue (bladsy bestaan nie)">Hoë Middeleeue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feodalisme" title="Feodalisme">Feodalisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kruistog" title="Kruistog">Kruistogte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongoolse_inval_van_Europa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongoolse inval van Europa">Mongoolse inval</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laat_Middeleeue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laat Middeleeue (bladsy bestaan nie)">Laat Middeleeue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honderdjarige_Oorlog" title="Honderdjarige Oorlog">Honderdjarige Oorlog</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kalmarunie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vroegmoderne_Europa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vroegmoderne Europa (bladsy bestaan nie)">Vroegmoderne</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestantse_Hervorming" title="Protestantse Hervorming">Reformasie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teenhervorming" title="Teenhervorming">Teenhervorming</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ontdekkingstydperk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ontdekkingstydperk (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ontdekkingstydperk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barok" title="Barok">Barok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dertigjarige_Oorlog" title="Dertigjarige Oorlog">Dertigjarige Oorlog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_monargie" title="Absolute monargie">Absolute monargie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottomaanse_Ryk" title="Ottomaanse Ryk">Ottomaanse Ryk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugese_Ryk" title="Portugese Ryk">Portugese Ryk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaanse_Ryk" title="Spaanse Ryk">Spaanse Ryk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vroegmoderne_Frankryk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vroegmoderne Frankryk (bladsy bestaan nie)">Vroegmoderne Frankryk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pools-Litause_Gemenebes" title="Pools-Litause Gemenebes">Pools-Litause Gemenebes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sweedse_Ryk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sweedse Ryk (bladsy bestaan nie)">Sweedse Ryk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republiek_van_die_Sewe_Verenigde_Nederlande" title="Republiek van die Sewe Verenigde Nederlande">Republiek van die Sewe Verenigde Nederlande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britse_Ryk" title="Britse Ryk">Britse Ryk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Habsburgse_monargie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Habsburgse monargie (bladsy bestaan nie)">Habsburgse monargie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russiese_Ryk" title="Russiese Ryk">Russiese Ryk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verligting" title="Verligting">Verligting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groot_Divergensie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Groot Divergensie (bladsy bestaan nie)">Groot Divergensie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industri%C3%ABle_Revolusie" title="Industriële Revolusie">Industriële Revolusie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franse_Rewolusie" title="Franse Rewolusie">Franse Rewolusie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleontiese_Oorlo%C3%AB" title="Napoleontiese Oorloë">Napoleontiese Oorloë</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opkoms_van_nasionalisme_in_Europa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opkoms van nasionalisme in Europa (bladsy bestaan nie)">Nasionalisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolusiejaar_1848" title="Revolusiejaar 1848">Revolusies van 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eerste_W%C3%AAreldoorlog" title="Eerste Wêreldoorlog">Eerste Wêreldoorlog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russiese_Rewolusie_(1917)" title="Russiese Rewolusie (1917)">Russiese Rewolusie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tussenoorlogse_tydperk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tussenoorlogse tydperk (bladsy bestaan nie)">Tussenoorlogse tydperk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweede_W%C3%AAreldoorlog" title="Tweede Wêreldoorlog">Tweede Wêreldoorlog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koue_Oorlog" title="Koue Oorlog">Koue Oorlog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europese_Unie" title="Europese Unie">Europese Unie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sien ook</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Westerse_kuns&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Westerse kuns (bladsy bestaan nie)">Westerse kuns</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genetiese_geskiedenis_van_Europa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genetiese geskiedenis van Europa (bladsy bestaan nie)">Genetiese geskiedenis van Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geskiedenis_van_die_Middellandse_Seegebied&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geskiedenis van die Middellandse Seegebied (bladsy bestaan nie)">Geskiedenis van die Middellandse Seegebied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geskiedenis_van_die_Europese_Parlement" title="Geskiedenis van die Europese Parlement">Geskiedenis van die Europese Unie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geskiedenis_van_Westerse_beskawing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geskiedenis van Westerse beskawing (bladsy bestaan nie)">Geskiedenis van Westerse beskawing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maritieme_geskiedenis_van_Europa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maritieme geskiedenis van Europa (bladsy bestaan nie)">Maritieme geskiedenis van Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Milit%C3%AAre_geskiedenis_van_Europa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Militêre geskiedenis van Europa (bladsy bestaan nie)">Militêre geskiedenis van Europa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62623&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62623&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62623" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" 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href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat Identities</a> (via VIAF): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/147458153">147458153</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ontsluit van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&oldid=2701075">https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kalmarunie&oldid=2701075</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Kategorie%C3%AB" title="Spesiaal:Kategorieë">Kategorieë</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Voormalige_lande_in_Europa" title="Kategorie:Voormalige lande in Europa">Voormalige lande in 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