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GitHub - sanko/readonly: Facility for creating read-only scalars, arrays, hashes
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22.4362C9.07125 22.5325 9.2775 22.2025 9.2775 21.9137C9.2775 21.6525 9.26375 20.7862 9.26375 19.865C6.5 20.3737 5.785 19.1912 5.565 18.5725C5.44125 18.2562 4.905 17.28 4.4375 17.0187C4.0525 16.8125 3.5025 16.3037 4.42375 16.29C5.29 16.2762 5.90875 17.0875 6.115 17.4175C7.105 19.0812 8.68625 18.6137 9.31875 18.325C9.415 17.61 9.70375 17.1287 10.02 16.8537C7.5725 16.5787 5.015 15.63 5.015 11.4225C5.015 10.2262 5.44125 9.23625 6.1425 8.46625C6.0325 8.19125 5.6475 7.06375 6.2525 5.55125C6.2525 5.55125 7.17375 5.2625 9.2775 6.67875C10.1575 6.43125 11.0925 6.3075 12.0275 6.3075C12.9625 6.3075 13.8975 6.43125 14.7775 6.67875C16.8813 5.24875 17.8025 5.55125 17.8025 5.55125C18.4075 7.06375 18.0225 8.19125 17.9125 8.46625C18.6138 9.23625 19.04 10.2125 19.04 11.4225C19.04 15.6437 16.4688 16.5787 14.0213 16.8537C14.42 17.1975 14.7638 17.8575 14.7638 18.8887C14.7638 20.36 14.75 21.5425 14.75 21.9137C14.75 22.2025 14.9563 22.5462 15.5063 22.4362C19.8513 20.9787 23 16.8537 23 12C23 5.9225 18.0775 1 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1-.052-1.086c0-1.331.282-2.499 1.132-3.368.397-.406.89-.717 1.474-.952 1.399-1.136 3.392-2.093 6.122-2.093 2.731 0 4.767.957 6.166 2.093.584.235 1.077.546 1.474.952.85.869 1.132 2.037 1.132 3.368 0 .368-.014.733-.052 1.086.23.462.477 1.088.644 1.517 1.258.364 2.233 1.721 2.605 2.656a.832.832 0 0 1 .053.22v2.869a.641.641 0 0 1-.078.256ZM12.172 11h-.344a4.323 4.323 0 0 1-.355.508C10.703 12.455 9.555 13 7.965 13c-1.725 0-2.989-.359-3.782-1.259a2.005 2.005 0 0 1-.085-.104L4 11.741v6.585c1.435.779 4.514 2.179 8 2.179 3.486 0 6.565-1.4 8-2.179v-6.585l-.098-.104s-.033.045-.085.104c-.793.9-2.057 1.259-3.782 1.259-1.59 0-2.738-.545-3.508-1.492a4.323 4.323 0 0 1-.355-.508h-.016.016Zm.641-2.935c.136 1.057.403 1.913.878 2.497.442.544 1.134.938 2.344.938 1.573 0 2.292-.337 2.657-.751.384-.435.558-1.15.558-2.361 0-1.14-.243-1.847-.705-2.319-.477-.488-1.319-.862-2.824-1.025-1.487-.161-2.192.138-2.533.529-.269.307-.437.808-.438 1.578v.021c0 .265.021.562.063.893Zm-1.626 0c.042-.331.063-.628.063-.894v-.02c-.001-.77-.169-1.271-.438-1.578-.341-.391-1.046-.69-2.533-.529-1.505.163-2.347.537-2.824 1.025-.462.472-.705 1.179-.705 2.319 0 1.211.175 1.926.558 2.361.365.414 1.084.751 2.657.751 1.21 0 1.902-.394 2.344-.938.475-.584.742-1.44.878-2.497Z"></path><path d="M14.5 14.25a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v2a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-2a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-5 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v2a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-2a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"></path> </svg> <div> <div class="color-fg-default h4">GitHub Copilot</div> Write better code with AI </div> </a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description pb-lg-3" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"github_advanced_security","context":"product","tag":"link","label":"github_advanced_security_link_product_navbar"}" href="https://github.com/security/advanced-security"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" width="24" 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0v3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 12.25 14h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 12.25v-8.5C2 2.784 2.784 2 3.75 2Zm6.854-1h4.146a.25.25 0 0 1 .25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 0 1-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0 1 10.604 1Z"></path> </svg> </a></li> <li> <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary Link--external" target="_blank" data-analytics-event="{"location":"navbar","action":"github_skills","context":"product","tag":"link","label":"github_skills_link_product_navbar"}" href="https://skills.github.com"> GitHub Skills <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-link-external HeaderMenu-external-icon color-fg-subtle"> <path d="M3.75 2h3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-3.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v8.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h8.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 12.25 14h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 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</div> </modal-dialog></div> </div> <div data-action="click:qbsearch-input#retract" class="dark-backdrop position-fixed" hidden data-target="qbsearch-input.darkBackdrop"></div> <div class="color-fg-default"> <dialog-helper> <dialog data-target="qbsearch-input.feedbackDialog" data-action="close:qbsearch-input#handleDialogClose cancel:qbsearch-input#handleDialogClose" id="feedback-dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="feedback-dialog-title" aria-describedby="feedback-dialog-description" data-view-component="true" class="Overlay Overlay-whenNarrow Overlay--size-medium Overlay--motion-scaleFade Overlay--disableScroll"> <div data-view-component="true" class="Overlay-header"> <div class="Overlay-headerContentWrap"> <div class="Overlay-titleWrap"> <h1 class="Overlay-title " id="feedback-dialog-title"> Provide feedback </h1> </div> <div class="Overlay-actionWrap"> <button data-close-dialog-id="feedback-dialog" aria-label="Close" type="button" data-view-component="true" class="close-button 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seriously.</p> <textarea name="feedback" class="form-control width-full mb-2" style="height: 120px" id="feedback"></textarea> <input name="include_email" id="include_email" aria-label="Include my email address so I can be contacted" class="form-control mr-2" type="checkbox"> <label for="include_email" style="font-weight: normal">Include my email address so I can be contacted</label> </form></div> </scrollable-region> <div data-view-component="true" class="Overlay-footer Overlay-footer--alignEnd"> <button data-close-dialog-id="feedback-dialog" type="button" data-view-component="true" class="btn"> Cancel </button> <button form="code-search-feedback-form" data-action="click:qbsearch-input#submitFeedback" type="submit" data-view-component="true" class="btn-primary btn"> Submit feedback </button> </div> </dialog></dialog-helper> <custom-scopes data-target="qbsearch-input.customScopesManager"> <dialog-helper> <dialog data-target="custom-scopes.customScopesModalDialog" data-action="close:qbsearch-input#handleDialogClose cancel:qbsearch-input#handleDialogClose" id="custom-scopes-dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="custom-scopes-dialog-title" aria-describedby="custom-scopes-dialog-description" data-view-component="true" class="Overlay Overlay-whenNarrow Overlay--size-medium Overlay--motion-scaleFade Overlay--disableScroll"> <div data-view-component="true" class="Overlay-header Overlay-header--divided"> <div class="Overlay-headerContentWrap"> <div class="Overlay-titleWrap"> <h1 class="Overlay-title " id="custom-scopes-dialog-title"> Saved searches </h1> <h2 id="custom-scopes-dialog-description" class="Overlay-description">Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly</h2> </div> <div class="Overlay-actionWrap"> <button data-close-dialog-id="custom-scopes-dialog" aria-label="Close" type="button" data-view-component="true" class="close-button Overlay-closeButton"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-x"> <path d="M3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 6.94l3.22-3.22a.749.749 0 0 1 1.275.326.749.749 0 0 1-.215.734L9.06 8l3.22 3.22a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L8 9.06l-3.22 3.22a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L6.94 8 3.72 4.78a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path> </svg></button> </div> </div> </div> <scrollable-region data-labelled-by="custom-scopes-dialog-title"> <div data-view-component="true" class="Overlay-body"> <div data-target="custom-scopes.customScopesModalDialogFlash"></div> <div hidden class="create-custom-scope-form" data-target="custom-scopes.createCustomScopeForm"> <!-- '"` --><!-- </textarea></xmp> --></option></form><form id="custom-scopes-dialog-form" data-turbo="false" action="/search/custom_scopes" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" data-csrf="true" name="authenticity_token" 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src=\"https://camo.githubusercontent.com/fb2a65ccaad6962b092af799ddf586817444d09ce09c1d94e71506268c3100ff/68747470733a2f2f62616467652e667572792e696f2f706c2f526561646f6e6c792e737667\" alt=\"MetaCPAN Release\" data-canonical-src=\"https://badge.fury.io/pl/Readonly.svg\" style=\"max-width: 100%;\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eNAME\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-name\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: NAME\" href=\"#name\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly - Facility for creating read-only scalars, arrays, hashes\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eSynopsis\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-synopsis\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Synopsis\" href=\"#synopsis\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"use Readonly;\n\n# Deep Read-only scalar\nReadonly::Scalar $sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\nReadonly::Scalar my $sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\n\n# Deep Read-only array\nReadonly::Array @arr =\u0026gt; @values;\nReadonly::Array my @arr =\u0026gt; @values;\n\n# Deep Read-only hash\nReadonly::Hash %has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\nReadonly::Hash my %has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\n# or:\nReadonly::Hash %has =\u0026gt; {key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...};\n\n# You can use the read-only variables like any regular variables:\nprint $sca;\n$something = $sca + $arr[2];\nnext if $has{$some_key};\n\n# But if you try to modify a value, your program will die:\n$sca = 7;\npush @arr, 'seven';\ndelete $has{key};\n# The error message is \u0026quot;Modification of a read-only value attempted\u0026quot;\n\n# Alternate form (Perl 5.8 and later)\nReadonly $sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\nReadonly my $sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\nReadonly @arr =\u0026gt; @values;\nReadonly my @arr =\u0026gt; @values;\nReadonly %has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\nReadonly my %has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\nReadonly my $sca; # Implicit undef, readonly value\n\n# Alternate form (for Perls earlier than v5.8)\nReadonly \\$sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\nReadonly \\my $sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\nReadonly \\@arr =\u0026gt; @values;\nReadonly \\my @arr =\u0026gt; @values;\nReadonly \\%has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\nReadonly \\my %has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003euse Readonly;\n\n# Deep Read-only scalar\nReadonly::Scalar $sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\nReadonly::Scalar my $sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\n\n# Deep Read-only array\nReadonly::Array @arr =\u0026gt; @values;\nReadonly::Array my @arr =\u0026gt; @values;\n\n# Deep Read-only hash\nReadonly::Hash %has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\nReadonly::Hash my %has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\n# or:\nReadonly::Hash %has =\u0026gt; {key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...};\n\n# You can use the read-only variables like any regular variables:\nprint $sca;\n$something = $sca + $arr[2];\nnext if $has{$some_key};\n\n# But if you try to modify a value, your program will die:\n$sca = 7;\npush @arr, 'seven';\ndelete $has{key};\n# The error message is \"Modification of a read-only value attempted\"\n\n# Alternate form (Perl 5.8 and later)\nReadonly $sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\nReadonly my $sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\nReadonly @arr =\u0026gt; @values;\nReadonly my @arr =\u0026gt; @values;\nReadonly %has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\nReadonly my %has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\nReadonly my $sca; # Implicit undef, readonly value\n\n# Alternate form (for Perls earlier than v5.8)\nReadonly \\$sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\nReadonly \\my $sca =\u0026gt; $initial_value;\nReadonly \\@arr =\u0026gt; @values;\nReadonly \\my @arr =\u0026gt; @values;\nReadonly \\%has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\nReadonly \\my %has =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eDescription\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-description\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Description\" href=\"#description\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis is a facility for creating non-modifiable variables. This is useful for\nconfiguration files, headers, etc. It can also be useful as a development and\ndebugging tool for catching updates to variables that should not be changed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eVariable Depth\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-variable-depth\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Variable Depth\" href=\"#variable-depth\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly has the ability to create both deep and shallow readonly variables.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf you pass a \u003ccode\u003e$ref\u003c/code\u003e, an \u003ccode\u003e@array\u003c/code\u003e or a \u003ccode\u003e%hash\u003c/code\u003e to corresponding functions\n\u003ccode\u003e::Scalar()\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003e::Array()\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003e::Hash()\u003c/code\u003e, then those functions recurse over\nthe data structure, marking everything as readonly. The entire structure is\nthen non-modifiable. This is normally what you want.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf you want only the top level to be readonly, use the alternate (and poorly\nnamed) \u003ccode\u003e::Scalar1()\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003e::Array1()\u003c/code\u003e, and \u003ccode\u003e::Hash1()\u003c/code\u003e functions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003ePlain \u003ccode\u003eReadonly()\u003c/code\u003e creates what the original author calls a \"shallow\"\nreadonly variable, which is great if you don't plan to use it on anything but\nonly one dimensional scalar values.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Scalar()\u003c/code\u003e makes the variable 'deeply' readonly, so the following\nsnippet kills over as you expect:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"use Readonly;\n\nReadonly::Scalar my $ref =\u0026gt; { 1 =\u0026gt; 'a' };\n$ref-\u0026gt;{1} = 'b';\n$ref-\u0026gt;{2} = 'b';\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003euse Readonly;\n\nReadonly::Scalar my $ref =\u0026gt; { 1 =\u0026gt; 'a' };\n$ref-\u0026gt;{1} = 'b';\n$ref-\u0026gt;{2} = 'b';\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eWhile the following snippet does \u003cstrong\u003enot\u003c/strong\u003e make your structure 'deeply' readonly:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"use Readonly;\n\nReadonly my $ref =\u0026gt; { 1 =\u0026gt; 'a' };\n$ref-\u0026gt;{1} = 'b';\n$ref-\u0026gt;{2} = 'b';\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003euse Readonly;\n\nReadonly my $ref =\u0026gt; { 1 =\u0026gt; 'a' };\n$ref-\u0026gt;{1} = 'b';\n$ref-\u0026gt;{2} = 'b';\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe Past\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-the-past\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: The Past\" href=\"#the-past\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe following sections are updated versions of the previous authors\ndocumentation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eComparison with \"use constant\"\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-comparison-with-use-constant\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Comparison with \u0026quot;use constant\u0026quot;\" href=\"#comparison-with-use-constant\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003ePerl provides a facility for creating constant values, via the \u003ca href=\"https://metacpan.org/pod/constant\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003econstant\u003c/a\u003e\npragma. There are several problems with this pragma.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe constants created have no leading sigils.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThese constants cannot be interpolated into strings.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eSyntax can get dicey sometimes. For example:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\" use constant CARRAY =\u0026gt; (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13);\n $a_prime = CARRAY[2]; # wrong!\n $a_prime = (CARRAY)[2]; # right -- MUST use parentheses\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e use constant CARRAY =\u0026gt; (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13);\n $a_prime = CARRAY[2]; # wrong!\n $a_prime = (CARRAY)[2]; # right -- MUST use parentheses\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eYou have to be very careful in places where barewords are allowed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eFor example:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\" use constant SOME_KEY =\u0026gt; 'key';\n %hash = (key =\u0026gt; 'value', other_key =\u0026gt; 'other_value');\n $some_value = $hash{SOME_KEY}; # wrong!\n $some_value = $hash{+SOME_KEY}; # right\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e use constant SOME_KEY =\u0026gt; 'key';\n %hash = (key =\u0026gt; 'value', other_key =\u0026gt; 'other_value');\n $some_value = $hash{SOME_KEY}; # wrong!\n $some_value = $hash{+SOME_KEY}; # right\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e(who thinks to use a unary plus when using a hash to scalarize the key?)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003euse constant\u003c/code\u003e works for scalars and arrays, not hashes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThese constants are global to the package in which they're declared;\ncannot be lexically scoped.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eWorks only at compile time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eCan be overridden:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\" use constant PI =\u0026gt; 3.14159;\n ...\n use constant PI =\u0026gt; 2.71828;\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e use constant PI =\u0026gt; 3.14159;\n ...\n use constant PI =\u0026gt; 2.71828;\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e(this does generate a warning, however, if you have warnings enabled).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIt is very difficult to make and use deep structures (complex data\nstructures) with \u003ccode\u003euse constant\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eComparison with typeglob constants\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-comparison-with-typeglob-constants\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Comparison with typeglob constants\" href=\"#comparison-with-typeglob-constants\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eAnother popular way to create read-only scalars is to modify the symbol table\nentry for the variable by using a typeglob:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"*a = \\'value';\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e*a = \\'value';\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis works fine, but it only works for global variables (\"my\" variables have\nno symbol table entry). Also, the following similar constructs do \u003cstrong\u003enot\u003c/strong\u003e work:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"*a = [1, 2, 3]; # Does NOT create a read-only array\n*a = { a =\u0026gt; 'A'}; # Does NOT create a read-only hash\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e*a = [1, 2, 3]; # Does NOT create a read-only array\n*a = { a =\u0026gt; 'A'}; # Does NOT create a read-only hash\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003ePros\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-pros\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Pros\" href=\"#pros\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly.pm, on the other hand, will work with global variables and with\nlexical (\"my\") variables. It will create scalars, arrays, or hashes, all of\nwhich look and work like normal, read-write Perl variables. You can use them\nin scalar context, in list context; you can take references to them, pass them\nto functions, anything.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly.pm also works well with complex data structures, allowing you to tag\nthe whole structure as nonmodifiable, or just the top level.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eAlso, Readonly variables may not be reassigned. The following code will die:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Scalar $pi =\u0026gt; 3.14159;\n...\nReadonly::Scalar $pi =\u0026gt; 2.71828;\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Scalar $pi =\u0026gt; 3.14159;\n...\nReadonly::Scalar $pi =\u0026gt; 2.71828;\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eCons\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-cons\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Cons\" href=\"#cons\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly.pm used to impose a performance penalty. It was pretty slow. How\nslow? Run the \u003ccode\u003eeg/benchmark.pl\u003c/code\u003e script that comes with Readonly. On my test\nsystem, \"use constant\" (const), typeglob constants (tglob), regular read/write\nPerl variables (normal/literal), and the new Readonly (ro/ro_simple) are all\nabout the same speed, the old, tie based Readonly.pm constants were about 1/22\nthe speed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eHowever, there is relief. There is a companion module available, Readonly::XS.\nYou won't need this if you're using Perl 5.8.x or higher.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eI repeat, you do not need Readonly::XS if your environment has perl 5.8.x or\nhigher. Please see section entitled \u003ca href=\"#internals\"\u003eInternals\u003c/a\u003e for more.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eFunctions\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-functions\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Functions\" href=\"#functions\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly::Scalar $var =\u0026gt; $value;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eCreates a nonmodifiable scalar, \u003ccode\u003e$var\u003c/code\u003e, and assigns a value of \u003ccode\u003e$value\u003c/code\u003e to\nit. Thereafter, its value may not be changed. Any attempt to modify the value\nwill cause your program to die.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eA value \u003cem\u003emust\u003c/em\u003e be supplied. If you want the variable to have \u003ccode\u003eundef\u003c/code\u003e as its\nvalue, you must specify \u003ccode\u003eundef\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf \u003ccode\u003e$value\u003c/code\u003e is a reference to a scalar, array, or hash, then this function\nwill mark the scalar, array, or hash it points to as being Readonly as well,\nand it will recursively traverse the structure, marking the whole thing as\nReadonly. Usually, this is what you want. However, if you want only the\n\u003ccode\u003e$value\u003c/code\u003e marked as Readonly, use \u003ccode\u003eScalar1\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf $var is already a Readonly variable, the program will die with an error\nabout reassigning Readonly variables.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly::Array @arr =\u0026gt; (value, value, ...);\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eCreates a nonmodifiable array, \u003ccode\u003e@arr\u003c/code\u003e, and assigns the specified list of\nvalues to it. Thereafter, none of its values may be changed; the array may not\nbe lengthened or shortened or spliced. Any attempt to do so will cause your\nprogram to die.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf any of the values passed is a reference to a scalar, array, or hash, then\nthis function will mark the scalar, array, or hash it points to as being\nReadonly as well, and it will recursively traverse the structure, marking the\nwhole thing as Readonly. Usually, this is what you want. However, if you want\nonly the hash \u003ccode\u003e%@arr\u003c/code\u003e itself marked as Readonly, use \u003ccode\u003eArray1\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf \u003ccode\u003e@arr\u003c/code\u003e is already a Readonly variable, the program will die with an error\nabout reassigning Readonly variables.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly::Hash %h =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly::Hash %h =\u0026gt; {key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...};\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eCreates a nonmodifiable hash, \u003ccode\u003e%h\u003c/code\u003e, and assigns the specified keys and values\nto it. Thereafter, its keys or values may not be changed. Any attempt to do so\nwill cause your program to die.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eA list of keys and values may be specified (with parentheses in the synopsis\nabove), or a hash reference may be specified (curly braces in the synopsis\nabove). If a list is specified, it must have an even number of elements, or\nthe function will die.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf any of the values is a reference to a scalar, array, or hash, then this\nfunction will mark the scalar, array, or hash it points to as being Readonly\nas well, and it will recursively traverse the structure, marking the whole\nthing as Readonly. Usually, this is what you want. However, if you want only\nthe hash \u003ccode\u003e%h\u003c/code\u003e itself marked as Readonly, use \u003ccode\u003eHash1\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf \u003ccode\u003e%h\u003c/code\u003e is already a Readonly variable, the program will die with an error\nabout reassigning Readonly variables.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly $var =\u0026gt; $value;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly @arr =\u0026gt; (value, value, ...);\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly %h =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly %h =\u0026gt; {key =\u0026gt; value, ...};\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly $var;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003eReadonly\u003c/code\u003e function is an alternate to the \u003ccode\u003eScalar\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eArray\u003c/code\u003e, and\n\u003ccode\u003eHash\u003c/code\u003e functions. It has the advantage (if you consider it an advantage) of\nbeing one function. That may make your program look neater, if you're\ninitializing a whole bunch of constants at once. You may or may not prefer\nthis uniform style.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIt has the disadvantage of having a slightly different syntax for versions of\nPerl prior to 5.8. For earlier versions, you must supply a backslash, because\nit requires a reference as the first parameter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\" Readonly \\$var =\u0026gt; $value;\n Readonly \\@arr =\u0026gt; (value, value, ...);\n Readonly \\%h =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\n Readonly \\%h =\u0026gt; {key =\u0026gt; value, ...};\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e Readonly \\$var =\u0026gt; $value;\n Readonly \\@arr =\u0026gt; (value, value, ...);\n Readonly \\%h =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\n Readonly \\%h =\u0026gt; {key =\u0026gt; value, ...};\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eYou may or may not consider this ugly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eNote that you can create implicit undefined variables with this function like\nso \u003ccode\u003eReadonly my $var;\u003c/code\u003e while a verbose undefined value must be passed to the\nstandard \u003ccode\u003eScalar\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eArray\u003c/code\u003e, and \u003ccode\u003eHash\u003c/code\u003e functions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly::Scalar1 $var =\u0026gt; $value;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly::Array1 @arr =\u0026gt; (value, value, ...);\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly::Hash1 %h =\u0026gt; (key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...);\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eReadonly::Hash1 %h =\u0026gt; {key =\u0026gt; value, key =\u0026gt; value, ...};\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThese alternate functions create shallow Readonly variables, instead of deep\nones. For example:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\" Readonly::Array1 @shal =\u0026gt; (1, 2, {perl=\u0026gt;'Rules', java=\u0026gt;'Bites'}, 4, 5);\n Readonly::Array @deep =\u0026gt; (1, 2, {perl=\u0026gt;'Rules', java=\u0026gt;'Bites'}, 4, 5);\n\n $shal[1] = 7; # error\n $shal[2]{APL}='Weird'; # Allowed! since the hash isn't Readonly\n $deep[1] = 7; # error\n $deep[2]{APL}='Weird'; # error, since the hash is Readonly\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003e Readonly::Array1 @shal =\u0026gt; (1, 2, {perl=\u0026gt;'Rules', java=\u0026gt;'Bites'}, 4, 5);\n Readonly::Array @deep =\u0026gt; (1, 2, {perl=\u0026gt;'Rules', java=\u0026gt;'Bites'}, 4, 5);\n\n $shal[1] = 7; # error\n $shal[2]{APL}='Weird'; # Allowed! since the hash isn't Readonly\n $deep[1] = 7; # error\n $deep[2]{APL}='Weird'; # error, since the hash is Readonly\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eCloning\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-cloning\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Cloning\" href=\"#cloning\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eWhen cloning using \u003ca href=\"https://metacpan.org/pod/Storable\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eStorable\u003c/a\u003e or \u003ca href=\"https://metacpan.org/pod/Clone\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eClone\u003c/a\u003e you will notice that the value stays\nreadonly, which is correct. If you want to clone the value without copying the\nreadonly flag, use the \u003ccode\u003eClone\u003c/code\u003e function:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Scalar my $scalar =\u0026gt; {qw[this that]};\n# $scalar-\u0026gt;{'eh'} = 'foo'; # Modification of a read-only value attempted\nmy $scalar_clone = Readonly::Clone $scalar;\n$scalar_clone-\u0026gt;{'eh'} = 'foo';\n# $scalar_clone is now {this =\u0026gt; 'that', eh =\u0026gt; 'foo'};\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Scalar my $scalar =\u0026gt; {qw[this that]};\n# $scalar-\u0026gt;{'eh'} = 'foo'; # Modification of a read-only value attempted\nmy $scalar_clone = Readonly::Clone $scalar;\n$scalar_clone-\u0026gt;{'eh'} = 'foo';\n# $scalar_clone is now {this =\u0026gt; 'that', eh =\u0026gt; 'foo'};\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe new variable (\u003ccode\u003e$scalar_clone\u003c/code\u003e) is a mutable clone of the original\n\u003ccode\u003e$scalar\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eExamples\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-examples\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Examples\" href=\"#examples\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThese are a few very simple examples:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eScalars\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-scalars\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Scalars\" href=\"#scalars\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eA plain old read-only value\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Scalar $a =\u0026gt; \u0026quot;A string value\u0026quot;;\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Scalar $a =\u0026gt; \"A string value\";\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe value need not be a compile-time constant:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Scalar $a =\u0026gt; $computed_value;\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Scalar $a =\u0026gt; $computed_value;\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eArrays/Lists\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-arrayslists\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Arrays/Lists\" href=\"#arrayslists\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eA read-only array:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Array @a =\u0026gt; (1, 2, 3, 4);\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Array @a =\u0026gt; (1, 2, 3, 4);\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe parentheses are optional:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Array @a =\u0026gt; 1, 2, 3, 4;\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Array @a =\u0026gt; 1, 2, 3, 4;\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eYou can use Perl's built-in array quoting syntax:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Array @a =\u0026gt; qw/1 2 3 4/;\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Array @a =\u0026gt; qw/1 2 3 4/;\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eYou can initialize a read-only array from a variable one:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Array @a =\u0026gt; @computed_values;\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Array @a =\u0026gt; @computed_values;\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eA read-only array can be empty, too:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Array @a =\u0026gt; ();\nReadonly::Array @a; # equivalent\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Array @a =\u0026gt; ();\nReadonly::Array @a; # equivalent\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch2 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eHashes\u003c/h2\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-hashes\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Hashes\" href=\"#hashes\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eTypical usage:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Hash %a =\u0026gt; (key1 =\u0026gt; 'value1', key2 =\u0026gt; 'value2');\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Hash %a =\u0026gt; (key1 =\u0026gt; 'value1', key2 =\u0026gt; 'value2');\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eA read-only hash can be initialized from a variable one:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Hash %a =\u0026gt; %computed_values;\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Hash %a =\u0026gt; %computed_values;\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eA read-only hash can be empty:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Hash %a =\u0026gt; ();\nReadonly::Hash %a; # equivalent\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Hash %a =\u0026gt; ();\nReadonly::Hash %a; # equivalent\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf you pass an odd number of values, the program will die:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"Readonly::Hash %a =\u0026gt; (key1 =\u0026gt; 'value1', \u0026quot;value2\u0026quot;);\n# This dies with \u0026quot;May not store an odd number of values in a hash\u0026quot;\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Hash %a =\u0026gt; (key1 =\u0026gt; 'value1', \"value2\");\n# This dies with \"May not store an odd number of values in a hash\"\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eExports\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-exports\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Exports\" href=\"#exports\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eHistorically, this module exports the \u003ccode\u003eReadonly\u003c/code\u003e symbol into the calling\nprogram's namespace by default. The following symbols are also available for\nimport into your program, if you like: \u003ccode\u003eScalar\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eScalar1\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eArray\u003c/code\u003e,\n\u003ccode\u003eArray1\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eHash\u003c/code\u003e, and \u003ccode\u003eHash1\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eInternals\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-internals\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Internals\" href=\"#internals\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eSome people simply do not understand the relationship between this module and\nReadonly::XS so I'm adding this section. Odds are, they still won't understand\nbut I like to write so...\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIn the past, Readonly's \"magic\" was performed by \u003ccode\u003etie()\u003c/code\u003e-ing variables to the\n\u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Scalar\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Array\u003c/code\u003e, and \u003ccode\u003eReadonly::Hash\u003c/code\u003e packages (not\nto be confused with the functions of the same names) and acting on \u003ccode\u003eWRITE\u003c/code\u003e,\n\u003ccode\u003eREAD\u003c/code\u003e, et. al. While this worked well, it was slow. Very slow. Like 20-30\ntimes slower than accessing variables directly or using one of the other\nconst-related modules that have cropped up since Readonly was released in\n2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eTo 'fix' this, Readonly::XS was written. If installed, Readonly::XS used the\ninternal methods \u003ccode\u003eSvREADONLY\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eSvREADONLY_on\u003c/code\u003e to lock simple scalars. On\nthe surface, everything was peachy but things weren't the same behind the\nscenes. In edge cases, code performed very differently if Readonly::XS was\ninstalled and because it wasn't a required dependency in most code, it made\ndownstream bugs very hard to track.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIn the years since Readonly::XS was released, the then private internal\nmethods have been exposed and can be used in pure perl. Similar modules were\nwritten to take advantage of this and a patch to Readonly was created. We no\nlonger need to build and install another module to make Readonly useful on\nmodern builds of perl.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou do not need to install Readonly::XS.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYou should stop listing Readonly::XS as a dependency or expect it to\nbe installed.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStop testing the \u003ccode\u003e$Readonly::XSokay\u003c/code\u003e variable!\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eRequirements\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-requirements\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Requirements\" href=\"#requirements\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003ePlease note that most users of Readonly no longer need to install the\ncompanion module Readonly::XS which is recommended but not required for perl\n5.6.x and under. Please do not force it as a requirement in new code and do\nnot use the package variable \u003ccode\u003e$Readonly::XSokay\u003c/code\u003e in code/tests. For more, see\n\u003ca href=\"https://metacpan.org/pod/the%20section%20on%20Readonly%27s%20new%20internals#Internals\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\"Internals\" in the section on Readonly's new internals\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThere are no non-core requirements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eBug Reports\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-bug-reports\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Bug Reports\" href=\"#bug-reports\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf email is better for you, \u003ca href=\"#author\"\u003emy address is mentioned below\u003c/a\u003e but I\nwould rather have bugs sent through the issue tracker found at\n\u003ca href=\"http://github.com/sanko/readonly/issues\"\u003ehttp://github.com/sanko/readonly/issues\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-acknowledgements\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Acknowledgements\" href=\"#acknowledgements\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThanks to Slaven Rezic for the idea of one common function (Readonly) for all\nthree types of variables (13 April 2002).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThanks to Ernest Lergon for the idea (and initial code) for deeply-Readonly\ndata structures (21 May 2002).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThanks to Damian Conway for the idea (and code) for making the Readonly\nfunction work a lot smoother under perl 5.8+.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eAuthor\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-author\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: Author\" href=\"#author\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eSanko Robinson \u003ca href=\"mailto:sanko@cpan.org\"\u003esanko@cpan.org\u003c/a\u003e - \u003ca href=\"http://sankorobinson.com/\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttp://sankorobinson.com/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eCPAN ID: SANKO\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eOriginal author: Eric J. Roode, \u003ca href=\"mailto:roode@cpan.org\"\u003eroode@cpan.org\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown-heading\" dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ch1 tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"heading-element\" dir=\"auto\"\u003eLicense and Legal\u003c/h1\u003e\u003ca id=\"user-content-license-and-legal\" class=\"anchor\" aria-label=\"Permalink: License and Legal\" href=\"#license-and-legal\"\u003e\u003csvg class=\"octicon octicon-link\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z\"\u003e\u003c/path\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eCopyright (C) 2013-2016 by Sanko Robinson \u003ca href=\"mailto:sanko@cpan.org\"\u003esanko@cpan.org\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eCopyright (c) 2001-2004 by Eric J. Roode. All Rights Reserved.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under\nthe same terms as Perl itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/article\u003e","loaded":true,"timedOut":false,"errorMessage":null,"headerInfo":{"toc":[{"level":1,"text":"NAME","anchor":"name","htmlText":"NAME"},{"level":1,"text":"Synopsis","anchor":"synopsis","htmlText":"Synopsis"},{"level":1,"text":"Description","anchor":"description","htmlText":"Description"},{"level":1,"text":"Variable Depth","anchor":"variable-depth","htmlText":"Variable Depth"},{"level":1,"text":"The Past","anchor":"the-past","htmlText":"The Past"},{"level":2,"text":"Comparison with \"use constant\"","anchor":"comparison-with-use-constant","htmlText":"Comparison with \"use constant\""},{"level":1,"text":"Comparison with typeglob constants","anchor":"comparison-with-typeglob-constants","htmlText":"Comparison with typeglob constants"},{"level":2,"text":"Pros","anchor":"pros","htmlText":"Pros"},{"level":2,"text":"Cons","anchor":"cons","htmlText":"Cons"},{"level":1,"text":"Functions","anchor":"functions","htmlText":"Functions"},{"level":1,"text":"Cloning","anchor":"cloning","htmlText":"Cloning"},{"level":1,"text":"Examples","anchor":"examples","htmlText":"Examples"},{"level":2,"text":"Scalars","anchor":"scalars","htmlText":"Scalars"},{"level":2,"text":"Arrays/Lists","anchor":"arrayslists","htmlText":"Arrays/Lists"},{"level":2,"text":"Hashes","anchor":"hashes","htmlText":"Hashes"},{"level":1,"text":"Exports","anchor":"exports","htmlText":"Exports"},{"level":1,"text":"Internals","anchor":"internals","htmlText":"Internals"},{"level":1,"text":"Requirements","anchor":"requirements","htmlText":"Requirements"},{"level":1,"text":"Bug Reports","anchor":"bug-reports","htmlText":"Bug Reports"},{"level":1,"text":"Acknowledgements","anchor":"acknowledgements","htmlText":"Acknowledgements"},{"level":1,"text":"Author","anchor":"author","htmlText":"Author"},{"level":1,"text":"License and Legal","anchor":"license-and-legal","htmlText":"License and Legal"}],"siteNavLoginPath":"/login?return_to=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fsanko%2Freadonly"}},{"displayName":"LICENSE","repoName":"readonly","refName":"master","path":"LICENSE","preferredFileType":"license","tabName":"License","richText":null,"loaded":false,"timedOut":false,"errorMessage":null,"headerInfo":{"toc":null,"siteNavLoginPath":"/login?return_to=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fsanko%2Freadonly"}}],"overviewFilesProcessingTime":0}},"appPayload":{"helpUrl":"https://docs.github.com","findFileWorkerPath":"/assets-cdn/worker/find-file-worker-7d7eb7c71814.js","findInFileWorkerPath":"/assets-cdn/worker/find-in-file-worker-96e76d5fdb2c.js","githubDevUrl":null,"enabled_features":{"copilot_workspace":null,"code_nav_ui_events":false,"overview_shared_code_dropdown_button":false,"react_blob_overlay":false,"accessible_code_button":true,"github_models_repo_integration":false}}}}</script> <div data-target="react-partial.reactRoot"><style data-styled="true" 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data-loading="false" data-no-visuals="true" data-size="medium" data-variant="default" aria-describedby=":Rr5ab:-loading-announcement"><span data-component="buttonContent" data-align="center" class="prc-Button-ButtonContent-HKbr-"><span data-component="text" class="prc-Button-Label-pTQ3x">Go to file</span></span></button></div><div class="react-directory-add-file-icon"></div><div class="react-directory-remove-file-icon"></div></div><button type="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0" class="prc-Button-ButtonBase-c50BI" data-loading="false" data-size="medium" data-variant="primary" aria-describedby=":R55ab:-loading-announcement" id=":R55ab:"><span data-component="buttonContent" data-align="center" class="prc-Button-ButtonContent-HKbr-"><span data-component="leadingVisual" class="prc-Button-Visual-2epfX prc-Button-VisualWrap-Db-eB"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-code hide-sm" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="m11.28 3.22 4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.275-.326.749.749 0 0 1 .215-.734L13.94 8l-3.72-3.72a.749.749 0 0 1 .326-1.275.749.749 0 0 1 .734.215Zm-6.56 0a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042L2.06 8l3.72 3.72a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L.47 8.53a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></span><span data-component="text" class="prc-Button-Label-pTQ3x">Code</span><span data-component="trailingVisual" class="prc-Button-Visual-2epfX prc-Button-VisualWrap-Db-eB"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-triangle-down" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="m4.427 7.427 3.396 3.396a.25.25 0 0 0 .354 0l3.396-3.396A.25.25 0 0 0 11.396 7H4.604a.25.25 0 0 0-.177.427Z"></path></svg></span></span></button><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 izFOf"><button data-component="IconButton" type="button" aria-label="Open more actions menu" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0" class="prc-Button-ButtonBase-c50BI prc-Button-IconButton-szpyj" data-loading="false" data-no-visuals="true" data-size="medium" data-variant="default" aria-describedby=":R75ab:-loading-announcement" id=":R75ab:"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-kebab-horizontal" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M8 9a1.5 1.5 0 1 0 0-3 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 3ZM1.5 9a1.5 1.5 0 1 0 0-3 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 3Zm13 0a1.5 1.5 0 1 0 0-3 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 3Z"></path></svg></button></div></div></div><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 vIPPs"><div data-hpc="true"><button hidden="" data-testid="focus-next-element-button" data-hotkey="j"></button><button hidden="" data-testid="focus-previous-element-button" data-hotkey="k"></button><h2 class="sr-only ScreenReaderHeading-module__userSelectNone--vW4Cq prc-Heading-Heading-6CmGO" data-testid="screen-reader-heading" id="folders-and-files">Folders and files</h2><table aria-labelledby="folders-and-files" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 fdROMU"><thead class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 jGKpsv"><tr class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 jdgHnn"><th colSpan="2" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bQivRW"><span class="text-bold">Name</span></th><th colSpan="1" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 ldkMIO"><span class="text-bold">Name</span></th><th class="hide-sm"><div title="Last commit message" class="Truncate__StyledTruncate-sc-23o1d2-0 liVpTx width-fit"><span class="text-bold">Last commit message</span></div></th><th colSpan="1" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 jMbWeI"><div title="Last commit date" class="Truncate__StyledTruncate-sc-23o1d2-0 liVpTx width-fit"><span class="text-bold">Last commit date</span></div></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 gpqjiB"><td colSpan="3" class="bgColor-muted p-1 rounded-top-2"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 dzCJzi"><h2 class="sr-only ScreenReaderHeading-module__userSelectNone--vW4Cq prc-Heading-Heading-6CmGO" data-testid="screen-reader-heading">Latest commit</h2><div style="width:120px" class="Skeleton Skeleton--text" data-testid="loading"> </div><div class="d-flex flex-shrink-0 gap-2"><div data-testid="latest-commit-details" class="d-none d-sm-flex flex-items-center"></div><div class="d-flex gap-2"><h2 class="sr-only ScreenReaderHeading-module__userSelectNone--vW4Cq prc-Heading-Heading-6CmGO" data-testid="screen-reader-heading">History</h2><a href="/sanko/readonly/commits/master/" class="prc-Button-ButtonBase-c50BI d-none d-lg-flex LinkButton-module__code-view-link-button--xvCGA flex-items-center fgColor-default" data-loading="false" data-size="small" data-variant="invisible" aria-describedby=":Raqj8pab:-loading-announcement"><span data-component="buttonContent" data-align="center" class="prc-Button-ButtonContent-HKbr-"><span data-component="leadingVisual" class="prc-Button-Visual-2epfX prc-Button-VisualWrap-Db-eB"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-history" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="m.427 1.927 1.215 1.215a8.002 8.002 0 1 1-1.6 5.685.75.75 0 1 1 1.493-.154 6.5 6.5 0 1 0 1.18-4.458l1.358 1.358A.25.25 0 0 1 3.896 6H.25A.25.25 0 0 1 0 5.75V2.104a.25.25 0 0 1 .427-.177ZM7.75 4a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.992l2.028.812a.75.75 0 0 1-.557 1.392l-2.5-1A.751.751 0 0 1 7 8.25v-3.5A.75.75 0 0 1 7.75 4Z"></path></svg></span><span data-component="text" class="prc-Button-Label-pTQ3x"><span class="fgColor-default">64 Commits</span></span></span></a><div class="d-sm-none"></div><div class="d-flex d-lg-none"><span role="tooltip" aria-label="64 Commits" id="history-icon-button-tooltip" class="Tooltip__TooltipBase-sc-17tf59c-0 hWlpPn tooltipped-n"><a href="/sanko/readonly/commits/master/" class="prc-Button-ButtonBase-c50BI LinkButton-module__code-view-link-button--xvCGA flex-items-center fgColor-default" data-loading="false" data-size="small" data-variant="invisible" aria-describedby=":R1iqj8pab:-loading-announcement history-icon-button-tooltip"><span data-component="buttonContent" data-align="center" class="prc-Button-ButtonContent-HKbr-"><span data-component="leadingVisual" class="prc-Button-Visual-2epfX prc-Button-VisualWrap-Db-eB"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-history" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="m.427 1.927 1.215 1.215a8.002 8.002 0 1 1-1.6 5.685.75.75 0 1 1 1.493-.154 6.5 6.5 0 1 0 1.18-4.458l1.358 1.358A.25.25 0 0 1 3.896 6H.25A.25.25 0 0 1 0 5.75V2.104a.25.25 0 0 1 .427-.177ZM7.75 4a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.992l2.028.812a.75.75 0 0 1-.557 1.392l-2.5-1A.751.751 0 0 1 7 8.25v-3.5A.75.75 0 0 1 7.75 4Z"></path></svg></span></span></a></span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="react-directory-row undefined" id="folder-row-0"><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-small-screen" colSpan="2"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file-directory-fill icon-directory" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M1.75 1A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 0 2.75v10.5C0 14.216.784 15 1.75 15h12.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 16 13.25v-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 14.25 3H7.5a.25.25 0 0 1-.2-.1l-.9-1.2C6.07 1.26 5.55 1 5 1H1.75Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title=".github" aria-label=".github, (Directory)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/tree/master/.github">.github</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-large-screen" colSpan="1"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file-directory-fill icon-directory" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M1.75 1A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 0 2.75v10.5C0 14.216.784 15 1.75 15h12.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 16 13.25v-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 14.25 3H7.5a.25.25 0 0 1-.2-.1l-.9-1.2C6.07 1.26 5.55 1 5 1H1.75Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title=".github" aria-label=".github, (Directory)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/tree/master/.github">.github</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-commit-cell"><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td><td><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td></tr><tr class="react-directory-row undefined" id="folder-row-1"><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-small-screen" colSpan="2"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file-directory-fill icon-directory" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M1.75 1A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 0 2.75v10.5C0 14.216.784 15 1.75 15h12.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 16 13.25v-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 14.25 3H7.5a.25.25 0 0 1-.2-.1l-.9-1.2C6.07 1.26 5.55 1 5 1H1.75Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title="eg" aria-label="eg, (Directory)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/tree/master/eg">eg</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-large-screen" colSpan="1"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file-directory-fill icon-directory" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M1.75 1A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 0 2.75v10.5C0 14.216.784 15 1.75 15h12.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 16 13.25v-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 14.25 3H7.5a.25.25 0 0 1-.2-.1l-.9-1.2C6.07 1.26 5.55 1 5 1H1.75Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title="eg" aria-label="eg, (Directory)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/tree/master/eg">eg</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-commit-cell"><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td><td><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td></tr><tr class="react-directory-row undefined" id="folder-row-2"><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-small-screen" colSpan="2"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file-directory-fill icon-directory" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M1.75 1A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 0 2.75v10.5C0 14.216.784 15 1.75 15h12.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 16 13.25v-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 14.25 3H7.5a.25.25 0 0 1-.2-.1l-.9-1.2C6.07 1.26 5.55 1 5 1H1.75Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title="lib" aria-label="lib, (Directory)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/tree/master/lib">lib</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-large-screen" colSpan="1"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file-directory-fill icon-directory" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M1.75 1A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 0 2.75v10.5C0 14.216.784 15 1.75 15h12.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 16 13.25v-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 14.25 3H7.5a.25.25 0 0 1-.2-.1l-.9-1.2C6.07 1.26 5.55 1 5 1H1.75Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title="lib" aria-label="lib, (Directory)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/tree/master/lib">lib</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-commit-cell"><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td><td><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td></tr><tr class="react-directory-row undefined" id="folder-row-3"><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-small-screen" colSpan="2"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file-directory-fill icon-directory" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M1.75 1A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 0 2.75v10.5C0 14.216.784 15 1.75 15h12.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 16 13.25v-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 14.25 3H7.5a.25.25 0 0 1-.2-.1l-.9-1.2C6.07 1.26 5.55 1 5 1H1.75Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title="t" aria-label="t, (Directory)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/tree/master/t">t</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-large-screen" colSpan="1"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file-directory-fill icon-directory" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M1.75 1A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 0 2.75v10.5C0 14.216.784 15 1.75 15h12.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 16 13.25v-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 0 14.25 3H7.5a.25.25 0 0 1-.2-.1l-.9-1.2C6.07 1.26 5.55 1 5 1H1.75Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title="t" aria-label="t, (Directory)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/tree/master/t">t</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-commit-cell"><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td><td><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td></tr><tr class="react-directory-row undefined" id="folder-row-4"><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-small-screen" colSpan="2"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file color-fg-muted" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M2 1.75C2 .784 2.784 0 3.75 0h6.586c.464 0 .909.184 1.237.513l2.914 2.914c.329.328.513.773.513 1.237v9.586A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 13.25 16h-9.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 14.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v12.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h9.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V6h-2.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9 4.25V1.5Zm6.75.062V4.25c0 .138.112.25.25.25h2.688l-.011-.013-2.914-2.914-.013-.011Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title=".gitignore" aria-label=".gitignore, (File)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/blob/master/.gitignore">.gitignore</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-large-screen" colSpan="1"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file color-fg-muted" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M2 1.75C2 .784 2.784 0 3.75 0h6.586c.464 0 .909.184 1.237.513l2.914 2.914c.329.328.513.773.513 1.237v9.586A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 13.25 16h-9.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 14.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v12.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h9.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V6h-2.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9 4.25V1.5Zm6.75.062V4.25c0 .138.112.25.25.25h2.688l-.011-.013-2.914-2.914-.013-.011Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title=".gitignore" aria-label=".gitignore, (File)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/blob/master/.gitignore">.gitignore</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-commit-cell"><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td><td><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td></tr><tr class="react-directory-row undefined" id="folder-row-5"><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-small-screen" colSpan="2"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file color-fg-muted" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M2 1.75C2 .784 2.784 0 3.75 0h6.586c.464 0 .909.184 1.237.513l2.914 2.914c.329.328.513.773.513 1.237v9.586A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 13.25 16h-9.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 14.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v12.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h9.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V6h-2.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9 4.25V1.5Zm6.75.062V4.25c0 .138.112.25.25.25h2.688l-.011-.013-2.914-2.914-.013-.011Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title="Build.PL" aria-label="Build.PL, (File)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/blob/master/Build.PL">Build.PL</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-large-screen" colSpan="1"><div class="react-directory-filename-column"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-file color-fg-muted" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M2 1.75C2 .784 2.784 0 3.75 0h6.586c.464 0 .909.184 1.237.513l2.914 2.914c.329.328.513.773.513 1.237v9.586A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 13.25 16h-9.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 14.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v12.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h9.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V6h-2.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9 4.25V1.5Zm6.75.062V4.25c0 .138.112.25.25.25h2.688l-.011-.013-2.914-2.914-.013-.011Z"></path></svg><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="react-directory-filename-cell"><div class="react-directory-truncate"><a title="Build.PL" aria-label="Build.PL, (File)" class="Link--primary" href="/sanko/readonly/blob/master/Build.PL">Build.PL</a></div></div></div></div></td><td class="react-directory-row-commit-cell"><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td><td><div class="Skeleton Skeleton--text"> </div></td></tr><tr class="react-directory-row undefined" id="folder-row-6"><td class="react-directory-row-name-cell-small-screen" colSpan="2"><div 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style="max-width: 100%;"></a> <a href="https://github.com/sanko/readonly/actions"><img src="https://github.com/sanko/readonly/actions/workflows/osx.yaml/badge.svg" alt="Actions Status" style="max-width: 100%;"></a> <a href="https://github.com/sanko/readonly/actions"><img src="https://github.com/sanko/readonly/actions/workflows/freebsd.yaml/badge.svg" alt="Actions Status" style="max-width: 100%;"></a> <a href="https://metacpan.org/release/Readonly" rel="nofollow"><img src="https://camo.githubusercontent.com/fb2a65ccaad6962b092af799ddf586817444d09ce09c1d94e71506268c3100ff/68747470733a2f2f62616467652e667572792e696f2f706c2f526561646f6e6c792e737667" alt="MetaCPAN Release" data-canonical-src="https://badge.fury.io/pl/Readonly.svg" style="max-width: 100%;"></a></p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">NAME</h1><a id="user-content-name" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: NAME" href="#name"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Readonly - Facility for creating read-only scalars, arrays, hashes</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Synopsis</h1><a id="user-content-synopsis" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Synopsis" href="#synopsis"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="use Readonly; # Deep Read-only scalar Readonly::Scalar $sca => $initial_value; Readonly::Scalar my $sca => $initial_value; # Deep Read-only array Readonly::Array @arr => @values; Readonly::Array my @arr => @values; # Deep Read-only hash Readonly::Hash %has => (key => value, key => value, ...); Readonly::Hash my %has => (key => value, key => value, ...); # or: Readonly::Hash %has => {key => value, key => value, ...}; # You can use the read-only variables like any regular variables: print $sca; $something = $sca + $arr[2]; next if $has{$some_key}; # But if you try to modify a value, your program will die: $sca = 7; push @arr, 'seven'; delete $has{key}; # The error message is "Modification of a read-only value attempted" # Alternate form (Perl 5.8 and later) Readonly $sca => $initial_value; Readonly my $sca => $initial_value; Readonly @arr => @values; Readonly my @arr => @values; Readonly %has => (key => value, key => value, ...); Readonly my %has => (key => value, key => value, ...); Readonly my $sca; # Implicit undef, readonly value # Alternate form (for Perls earlier than v5.8) Readonly \$sca => $initial_value; Readonly \my $sca => $initial_value; Readonly \@arr => @values; Readonly \my @arr => @values; Readonly \%has => (key => value, key => value, ...); Readonly \my %has => (key => value, key => value, ...);"><pre class="notranslate"><code>use Readonly; # Deep Read-only scalar Readonly::Scalar $sca => $initial_value; Readonly::Scalar my $sca => $initial_value; # Deep Read-only array Readonly::Array @arr => @values; Readonly::Array my @arr => @values; # Deep Read-only hash Readonly::Hash %has => (key => value, key => value, ...); Readonly::Hash my %has => (key => value, key => value, ...); # or: Readonly::Hash %has => {key => value, key => value, ...}; # You can use the read-only variables like any regular variables: print $sca; $something = $sca + $arr[2]; next if $has{$some_key}; # But if you try to modify a value, your program will die: $sca = 7; push @arr, 'seven'; delete $has{key}; # The error message is "Modification of a read-only value attempted" # Alternate form (Perl 5.8 and later) Readonly $sca => $initial_value; Readonly my $sca => $initial_value; Readonly @arr => @values; Readonly my @arr => @values; Readonly %has => (key => value, key => value, ...); Readonly my %has => (key => value, key => value, ...); Readonly my $sca; # Implicit undef, readonly value # Alternate form (for Perls earlier than v5.8) Readonly \$sca => $initial_value; Readonly \my $sca => $initial_value; Readonly \@arr => @values; Readonly \my @arr => @values; Readonly \%has => (key => value, key => value, ...); Readonly \my %has => (key => value, key => value, ...); </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Description</h1><a id="user-content-description" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Description" href="#description"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">This is a facility for creating non-modifiable variables. This is useful for configuration files, headers, etc. It can also be useful as a development and debugging tool for catching updates to variables that should not be changed.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Variable Depth</h1><a id="user-content-variable-depth" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Variable Depth" href="#variable-depth"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Readonly has the ability to create both deep and shallow readonly variables.</p> <p dir="auto">If you pass a <code>$ref</code>, an <code>@array</code> or a <code>%hash</code> to corresponding functions <code>::Scalar()</code>, <code>::Array()</code> and <code>::Hash()</code>, then those functions recurse over the data structure, marking everything as readonly. The entire structure is then non-modifiable. This is normally what you want.</p> <p dir="auto">If you want only the top level to be readonly, use the alternate (and poorly named) <code>::Scalar1()</code>, <code>::Array1()</code>, and <code>::Hash1()</code> functions.</p> <p dir="auto">Plain <code>Readonly()</code> creates what the original author calls a "shallow" readonly variable, which is great if you don't plan to use it on anything but only one dimensional scalar values.</p> <p dir="auto"><code>Readonly::Scalar()</code> makes the variable 'deeply' readonly, so the following snippet kills over as you expect:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="use Readonly; Readonly::Scalar my $ref => { 1 => 'a' }; $ref->{1} = 'b'; $ref->{2} = 'b';"><pre class="notranslate"><code>use Readonly; Readonly::Scalar my $ref => { 1 => 'a' }; $ref->{1} = 'b'; $ref->{2} = 'b'; </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">While the following snippet does <strong>not</strong> make your structure 'deeply' readonly:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="use Readonly; Readonly my $ref => { 1 => 'a' }; $ref->{1} = 'b'; $ref->{2} = 'b';"><pre class="notranslate"><code>use Readonly; Readonly my $ref => { 1 => 'a' }; $ref->{1} = 'b'; $ref->{2} = 'b'; </code></pre></div> <h1 dir="auto"></h1> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">The Past</h1><a id="user-content-the-past" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: The Past" href="#the-past"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">The following sections are updated versions of the previous authors documentation.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Comparison with "use constant"</h2><a id="user-content-comparison-with-use-constant" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Comparison with "use constant"" href="#comparison-with-use-constant"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Perl provides a facility for creating constant values, via the <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/constant" rel="nofollow">constant</a> pragma. There are several problems with this pragma.</p> <ul dir="auto"> <li> <p dir="auto">The constants created have no leading sigils.</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">These constants cannot be interpolated into strings.</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Syntax can get dicey sometimes. For example:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=" use constant CARRAY => (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13); $a_prime = CARRAY[2]; # wrong! $a_prime = (CARRAY)[2]; # right -- MUST use parentheses"><pre class="notranslate"><code> use constant CARRAY => (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13); $a_prime = CARRAY[2]; # wrong! $a_prime = (CARRAY)[2]; # right -- MUST use parentheses </code></pre></div> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">You have to be very careful in places where barewords are allowed.</p> <p dir="auto">For example:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=" use constant SOME_KEY => 'key'; %hash = (key => 'value', other_key => 'other_value'); $some_value = $hash{SOME_KEY}; # wrong! $some_value = $hash{+SOME_KEY}; # right"><pre class="notranslate"><code> use constant SOME_KEY => 'key'; %hash = (key => 'value', other_key => 'other_value'); $some_value = $hash{SOME_KEY}; # wrong! $some_value = $hash{+SOME_KEY}; # right </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">(who thinks to use a unary plus when using a hash to scalarize the key?)</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto"><code>use constant</code> works for scalars and arrays, not hashes.</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">These constants are global to the package in which they're declared; cannot be lexically scoped.</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Works only at compile time.</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Can be overridden:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=" use constant PI => 3.14159; ... use constant PI => 2.71828;"><pre class="notranslate"><code> use constant PI => 3.14159; ... use constant PI => 2.71828; </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">(this does generate a warning, however, if you have warnings enabled).</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">It is very difficult to make and use deep structures (complex data structures) with <code>use constant</code>.</p> </li> </ul> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Comparison with typeglob constants</h1><a id="user-content-comparison-with-typeglob-constants" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Comparison with typeglob constants" href="#comparison-with-typeglob-constants"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Another popular way to create read-only scalars is to modify the symbol table entry for the variable by using a typeglob:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="*a = \'value';"><pre class="notranslate"><code>*a = \'value'; </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">This works fine, but it only works for global variables ("my" variables have no symbol table entry). Also, the following similar constructs do <strong>not</strong> work:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="*a = [1, 2, 3]; # Does NOT create a read-only array *a = { a => 'A'}; # Does NOT create a read-only hash"><pre class="notranslate"><code>*a = [1, 2, 3]; # Does NOT create a read-only array *a = { a => 'A'}; # Does NOT create a read-only hash </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Pros</h2><a id="user-content-pros" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Pros" href="#pros"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Readonly.pm, on the other hand, will work with global variables and with lexical ("my") variables. It will create scalars, arrays, or hashes, all of which look and work like normal, read-write Perl variables. You can use them in scalar context, in list context; you can take references to them, pass them to functions, anything.</p> <p dir="auto">Readonly.pm also works well with complex data structures, allowing you to tag the whole structure as nonmodifiable, or just the top level.</p> <p dir="auto">Also, Readonly variables may not be reassigned. The following code will die:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Scalar $pi => 3.14159; ... Readonly::Scalar $pi => 2.71828;"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Scalar $pi => 3.14159; ... Readonly::Scalar $pi => 2.71828; </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Cons</h2><a id="user-content-cons" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Cons" href="#cons"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Readonly.pm used to impose a performance penalty. It was pretty slow. How slow? Run the <code>eg/benchmark.pl</code> script that comes with Readonly. On my test system, "use constant" (const), typeglob constants (tglob), regular read/write Perl variables (normal/literal), and the new Readonly (ro/ro_simple) are all about the same speed, the old, tie based Readonly.pm constants were about 1/22 the speed.</p> <p dir="auto">However, there is relief. There is a companion module available, Readonly::XS. You won't need this if you're using Perl 5.8.x or higher.</p> <p dir="auto">I repeat, you do not need Readonly::XS if your environment has perl 5.8.x or higher. Please see section entitled <a href="#internals">Internals</a> for more.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Functions</h1><a id="user-content-functions" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Functions" href="#functions"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <ul dir="auto"> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly::Scalar $var => $value;</p> <p dir="auto">Creates a nonmodifiable scalar, <code>$var</code>, and assigns a value of <code>$value</code> to it. Thereafter, its value may not be changed. Any attempt to modify the value will cause your program to die.</p> <p dir="auto">A value <em>must</em> be supplied. If you want the variable to have <code>undef</code> as its value, you must specify <code>undef</code>.</p> <p dir="auto">If <code>$value</code> is a reference to a scalar, array, or hash, then this function will mark the scalar, array, or hash it points to as being Readonly as well, and it will recursively traverse the structure, marking the whole thing as Readonly. Usually, this is what you want. However, if you want only the <code>$value</code> marked as Readonly, use <code>Scalar1</code>.</p> <p dir="auto">If $var is already a Readonly variable, the program will die with an error about reassigning Readonly variables.</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly::Array @arr => (value, value, ...);</p> <p dir="auto">Creates a nonmodifiable array, <code>@arr</code>, and assigns the specified list of values to it. Thereafter, none of its values may be changed; the array may not be lengthened or shortened or spliced. Any attempt to do so will cause your program to die.</p> <p dir="auto">If any of the values passed is a reference to a scalar, array, or hash, then this function will mark the scalar, array, or hash it points to as being Readonly as well, and it will recursively traverse the structure, marking the whole thing as Readonly. Usually, this is what you want. However, if you want only the hash <code>%@arr</code> itself marked as Readonly, use <code>Array1</code>.</p> <p dir="auto">If <code>@arr</code> is already a Readonly variable, the program will die with an error about reassigning Readonly variables.</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly::Hash %h => (key => value, key => value, ...);</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly::Hash %h => {key => value, key => value, ...};</p> <p dir="auto">Creates a nonmodifiable hash, <code>%h</code>, and assigns the specified keys and values to it. Thereafter, its keys or values may not be changed. Any attempt to do so will cause your program to die.</p> <p dir="auto">A list of keys and values may be specified (with parentheses in the synopsis above), or a hash reference may be specified (curly braces in the synopsis above). If a list is specified, it must have an even number of elements, or the function will die.</p> <p dir="auto">If any of the values is a reference to a scalar, array, or hash, then this function will mark the scalar, array, or hash it points to as being Readonly as well, and it will recursively traverse the structure, marking the whole thing as Readonly. Usually, this is what you want. However, if you want only the hash <code>%h</code> itself marked as Readonly, use <code>Hash1</code>.</p> <p dir="auto">If <code>%h</code> is already a Readonly variable, the program will die with an error about reassigning Readonly variables.</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly $var => $value;</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly @arr => (value, value, ...);</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly %h => (key => value, ...);</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly %h => {key => value, ...};</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly $var;</p> <p dir="auto">The <code>Readonly</code> function is an alternate to the <code>Scalar</code>, <code>Array</code>, and <code>Hash</code> functions. It has the advantage (if you consider it an advantage) of being one function. That may make your program look neater, if you're initializing a whole bunch of constants at once. You may or may not prefer this uniform style.</p> <p dir="auto">It has the disadvantage of having a slightly different syntax for versions of Perl prior to 5.8. For earlier versions, you must supply a backslash, because it requires a reference as the first parameter.</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=" Readonly \$var => $value; Readonly \@arr => (value, value, ...); Readonly \%h => (key => value, ...); Readonly \%h => {key => value, ...};"><pre class="notranslate"><code> Readonly \$var => $value; Readonly \@arr => (value, value, ...); Readonly \%h => (key => value, ...); Readonly \%h => {key => value, ...}; </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">You may or may not consider this ugly.</p> <p dir="auto">Note that you can create implicit undefined variables with this function like so <code>Readonly my $var;</code> while a verbose undefined value must be passed to the standard <code>Scalar</code>, <code>Array</code>, and <code>Hash</code> functions.</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly::Scalar1 $var => $value;</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly::Array1 @arr => (value, value, ...);</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly::Hash1 %h => (key => value, key => value, ...);</p> </li> <li> <p dir="auto">Readonly::Hash1 %h => {key => value, key => value, ...};</p> <p dir="auto">These alternate functions create shallow Readonly variables, instead of deep ones. For example:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=" Readonly::Array1 @shal => (1, 2, {perl=>'Rules', java=>'Bites'}, 4, 5); Readonly::Array @deep => (1, 2, {perl=>'Rules', java=>'Bites'}, 4, 5); $shal[1] = 7; # error $shal[2]{APL}='Weird'; # Allowed! since the hash isn't Readonly $deep[1] = 7; # error $deep[2]{APL}='Weird'; # error, since the hash is Readonly"><pre class="notranslate"><code> Readonly::Array1 @shal => (1, 2, {perl=>'Rules', java=>'Bites'}, 4, 5); Readonly::Array @deep => (1, 2, {perl=>'Rules', java=>'Bites'}, 4, 5); $shal[1] = 7; # error $shal[2]{APL}='Weird'; # Allowed! since the hash isn't Readonly $deep[1] = 7; # error $deep[2]{APL}='Weird'; # error, since the hash is Readonly </code></pre></div> </li> </ul> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Cloning</h1><a id="user-content-cloning" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Cloning" href="#cloning"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">When cloning using <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/Storable" rel="nofollow">Storable</a> or <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/Clone" rel="nofollow">Clone</a> you will notice that the value stays readonly, which is correct. If you want to clone the value without copying the readonly flag, use the <code>Clone</code> function:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Scalar my $scalar => {qw[this that]}; # $scalar->{'eh'} = 'foo'; # Modification of a read-only value attempted my $scalar_clone = Readonly::Clone $scalar; $scalar_clone->{'eh'} = 'foo'; # $scalar_clone is now {this => 'that', eh => 'foo'};"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Scalar my $scalar => {qw[this that]}; # $scalar->{'eh'} = 'foo'; # Modification of a read-only value attempted my $scalar_clone = Readonly::Clone $scalar; $scalar_clone->{'eh'} = 'foo'; # $scalar_clone is now {this => 'that', eh => 'foo'}; </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">The new variable (<code>$scalar_clone</code>) is a mutable clone of the original <code>$scalar</code>.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Examples</h1><a id="user-content-examples" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Examples" href="#examples"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">These are a few very simple examples:</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Scalars</h2><a id="user-content-scalars" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Scalars" href="#scalars"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">A plain old read-only value</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Scalar $a => "A string value";"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Scalar $a => "A string value"; </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">The value need not be a compile-time constant:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Scalar $a => $computed_value;"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Scalar $a => $computed_value; </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Arrays/Lists</h2><a id="user-content-arrayslists" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Arrays/Lists" href="#arrayslists"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">A read-only array:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Array @a => (1, 2, 3, 4);"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Array @a => (1, 2, 3, 4); </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">The parentheses are optional:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Array @a => 1, 2, 3, 4;"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Array @a => 1, 2, 3, 4; </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">You can use Perl's built-in array quoting syntax:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Array @a => qw/1 2 3 4/;"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Array @a => qw/1 2 3 4/; </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">You can initialize a read-only array from a variable one:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Array @a => @computed_values;"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Array @a => @computed_values; </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">A read-only array can be empty, too:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Array @a => (); Readonly::Array @a; # equivalent"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Array @a => (); Readonly::Array @a; # equivalent </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h2 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Hashes</h2><a id="user-content-hashes" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Hashes" href="#hashes"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Typical usage:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Hash %a => (key1 => 'value1', key2 => 'value2');"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Hash %a => (key1 => 'value1', key2 => 'value2'); </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">A read-only hash can be initialized from a variable one:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Hash %a => %computed_values;"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Hash %a => %computed_values; </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">A read-only hash can be empty:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Hash %a => (); Readonly::Hash %a; # equivalent"><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Hash %a => (); Readonly::Hash %a; # equivalent </code></pre></div> <p dir="auto">If you pass an odd number of values, the program will die:</p> <div class="snippet-clipboard-content notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="Readonly::Hash %a => (key1 => 'value1', "value2"); # This dies with "May not store an odd number of values in a hash""><pre class="notranslate"><code>Readonly::Hash %a => (key1 => 'value1', "value2"); # This dies with "May not store an odd number of values in a hash" </code></pre></div> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Exports</h1><a id="user-content-exports" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Exports" href="#exports"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Historically, this module exports the <code>Readonly</code> symbol into the calling program's namespace by default. The following symbols are also available for import into your program, if you like: <code>Scalar</code>, <code>Scalar1</code>, <code>Array</code>, <code>Array1</code>, <code>Hash</code>, and <code>Hash1</code>.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Internals</h1><a id="user-content-internals" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Internals" href="#internals"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Some people simply do not understand the relationship between this module and Readonly::XS so I'm adding this section. Odds are, they still won't understand but I like to write so...</p> <p dir="auto">In the past, Readonly's "magic" was performed by <code>tie()</code>-ing variables to the <code>Readonly::Scalar</code>, <code>Readonly::Array</code>, and <code>Readonly::Hash</code> packages (not to be confused with the functions of the same names) and acting on <code>WRITE</code>, <code>READ</code>, et. al. While this worked well, it was slow. Very slow. Like 20-30 times slower than accessing variables directly or using one of the other const-related modules that have cropped up since Readonly was released in 2003.</p> <p dir="auto">To 'fix' this, Readonly::XS was written. If installed, Readonly::XS used the internal methods <code>SvREADONLY</code> and <code>SvREADONLY_on</code> to lock simple scalars. On the surface, everything was peachy but things weren't the same behind the scenes. In edge cases, code performed very differently if Readonly::XS was installed and because it wasn't a required dependency in most code, it made downstream bugs very hard to track.</p> <p dir="auto">In the years since Readonly::XS was released, the then private internal methods have been exposed and can be used in pure perl. Similar modules were written to take advantage of this and a patch to Readonly was created. We no longer need to build and install another module to make Readonly useful on modern builds of perl.</p> <ul dir="auto"> <li>You do not need to install Readonly::XS.</li> <li>You should stop listing Readonly::XS as a dependency or expect it to be installed.</li> <li>Stop testing the <code>$Readonly::XSokay</code> variable!</li> </ul> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Requirements</h1><a id="user-content-requirements" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Requirements" href="#requirements"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Please note that most users of Readonly no longer need to install the companion module Readonly::XS which is recommended but not required for perl 5.6.x and under. Please do not force it as a requirement in new code and do not use the package variable <code>$Readonly::XSokay</code> in code/tests. For more, see <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/the%20section%20on%20Readonly%27s%20new%20internals#Internals" rel="nofollow">"Internals" in the section on Readonly's new internals</a>.</p> <p dir="auto">There are no non-core requirements.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Bug Reports</h1><a id="user-content-bug-reports" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Bug Reports" href="#bug-reports"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">If email is better for you, <a href="#author">my address is mentioned below</a> but I would rather have bugs sent through the issue tracker found at <a href="http://github.com/sanko/readonly/issues">http://github.com/sanko/readonly/issues</a>.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Acknowledgements</h1><a id="user-content-acknowledgements" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Acknowledgements" href="#acknowledgements"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Thanks to Slaven Rezic for the idea of one common function (Readonly) for all three types of variables (13 April 2002).</p> <p dir="auto">Thanks to Ernest Lergon for the idea (and initial code) for deeply-Readonly data structures (21 May 2002).</p> <p dir="auto">Thanks to Damian Conway for the idea (and code) for making the Readonly function work a lot smoother under perl 5.8+.</p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">Author</h1><a id="user-content-author" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: Author" href="#author"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Sanko Robinson <a href="mailto:sanko@cpan.org">sanko@cpan.org</a> - <a href="http://sankorobinson.com/" rel="nofollow">http://sankorobinson.com/</a></p> <p dir="auto">CPAN ID: SANKO</p> <p dir="auto">Original author: Eric J. Roode, <a href="mailto:roode@cpan.org">roode@cpan.org</a></p> <div class="markdown-heading" dir="auto"><h1 tabindex="-1" class="heading-element" dir="auto">License and Legal</h1><a id="user-content-license-and-legal" class="anchor" aria-label="Permalink: License and Legal" href="#license-and-legal"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path></svg></a></div> <p dir="auto">Copyright (C) 2013-2016 by Sanko Robinson <a href="mailto:sanko@cpan.org">sanko@cpan.org</a></p> <p dir="auto">Copyright (c) 2001-2004 by Eric J. Roode. All Rights Reserved.</p> <p dir="auto">This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.</p> </article></div></div></div></div></div> <!-- --> <!-- --> <script type="application/json" id="__PRIMER_DATA_:R0:__">{"resolvedServerColorMode":"day"}</script></div> </react-partial> <input type="hidden" data-csrf="true" value="9FmfP1PVHmP+8c63+ObRmOmg6C70op9u3pvPAOcpRaLX52xrZNNl13H6AF7QW2kWMb910kzUuSBfQUEaizFwkw==" /> </div> <div data-view-component="true" class="Layout-sidebar"> <div class="BorderGrid about-margin" data-pjax> <div class="BorderGrid-row"> <div class="BorderGrid-cell"> <div class="hide-sm hide-md"> <h2 class="mb-3 h4">About</h2> <p class="f4 my-3"> Facility for creating read-only scalars, arrays, hashes </p> <div class="my-3 d-flex flex-items-center"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-link flex-shrink-0 mr-2"> <path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 4.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002 0 0 0-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042Zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 2.83 0l1.25-1.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5 0 1 1-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 4.95 0 .751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018 1.998 1.998 0 0 0-2.83 0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998 0 0 0 0 2.83Z"></path> </svg> <span class="flex-auto min-width-0 css-truncate css-truncate-target width-fit"> <a title="https://metacpan.org/release/Readonly" role="link" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" class="text-bold" href="https://metacpan.org/release/Readonly">metacpan.org/release/Readonly</a> </span> </div> <h3 class="sr-only">Resources</h3> <div class="mt-2"> <a class="Link--muted" data-analytics-event="{"category":"Repository 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0-1.5h2.234a.249.249 0 0 0 .125-.033l1.288-.737c.265-.15.564-.23.869-.23h.984V.75a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0Zm2.945 8.477c.285.135.718.273 1.305.273s1.02-.138 1.305-.273L13 6.327Zm-10 0c.285.135.718.273 1.305.273s1.02-.138 1.305-.273L3 6.327Z"></path> </svg> View license </a> </div> <include-fragment src="/sanko/readonly/hovercards/citation/sidebar_partial?tree_name=master"> </include-fragment> <div class="mt-2"> <a href="/sanko/readonly/activity" data-view-component="true" class="Link Link--muted"><svg text="gray" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-pulse mr-2"> <path d="M6 2c.306 0 .582.187.696.471L10 10.731l1.304-3.26A.751.751 0 0 1 12 7h3.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-2.742l-1.812 4.528a.751.751 0 0 1-1.392 0L6 4.77 4.696 8.03A.75.75 0 0 1 4 8.5H.75a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5h2.742l1.812-4.529A.751.751 0 0 1 6 2Z"></path> </svg> <span class="color-fg-muted">Activity</span></a> </div> <h3 class="sr-only">Stars</h3> <div class="mt-2"> <a href="/sanko/readonly/stargazers" data-view-component="true" class="Link Link--muted"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-star mr-2"> <path d="M8 .25a.75.75 0 0 1 .673.418l1.882 3.815 4.21.612a.75.75 0 0 1 .416 1.279l-3.046 2.97.719 4.192a.751.751 0 0 1-1.088.791L8 12.347l-3.766 1.98a.75.75 0 0 1-1.088-.79l.72-4.194L.818 6.374a.75.75 0 0 1 .416-1.28l4.21-.611L7.327.668A.75.75 0 0 1 8 .25Zm0 2.445L6.615 5.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.564.41l-3.097.45 2.24 2.184a.75.75 0 0 1 .216.664l-.528 3.084 2.769-1.456a.75.75 0 0 1 .698 0l2.77 1.456-.53-3.084a.75.75 0 0 1 .216-.664l2.24-2.183-3.096-.45a.75.75 0 0 1-.564-.41L8 2.694Z"></path> </svg> <strong>16</strong> stars</a> </div> <h3 class="sr-only">Watchers</h3> <div class="mt-2"> <a href="/sanko/readonly/watchers" data-view-component="true" class="Link Link--muted"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-eye mr-2"> <path d="M8 2c1.981 0 3.671.992 4.933 2.078 1.27 1.091 2.187 2.345 2.637 3.023a1.62 1.62 0 0 1 0 1.798c-.45.678-1.367 1.932-2.637 3.023C11.67 13.008 9.981 14 8 14c-1.981 0-3.671-.992-4.933-2.078C1.797 10.83.88 9.576.43 8.898a1.62 1.62 0 0 1 0-1.798c.45-.677 1.367-1.931 2.637-3.022C4.33 2.992 6.019 2 8 2ZM1.679 7.932a.12.12 0 0 0 0 .136c.411.622 1.241 1.75 2.366 2.717C5.176 11.758 6.527 12.5 8 12.5c1.473 0 2.825-.742 3.955-1.715 1.124-.967 1.954-2.096 2.366-2.717a.12.12 0 0 0 0-.136c-.412-.621-1.242-1.75-2.366-2.717C10.824 4.242 9.473 3.5 8 3.5c-1.473 0-2.825.742-3.955 1.715-1.124.967-1.954 2.096-2.366 2.717ZM8 10a2 2 0 1 1-.001-3.999A2 2 0 0 1 8 10Z"></path> </svg> <strong>4</strong> watching</a> </div> <h3 class="sr-only">Forks</h3> <div class="mt-2"> <a href="/sanko/readonly/forks" data-view-component="true" class="Link Link--muted"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-repo-forked mr-2"> <path d="M5 5.372v.878c0 .414.336.75.75.75h4.5a.75.75 0 0 0 .75-.75v-.878a2.25 2.25 0 1 1 1.5 0v.878a2.25 2.25 0 0 1-2.25 2.25h-1.5v2.128a2.251 2.251 0 1 1-1.5 0V8.5h-1.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 3.5 6.25v-.878a2.25 2.25 0 1 1 1.5 0ZM5 3.25a.75.75 0 1 0-1.5 0 .75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0Zm6.75.75a.75.75 0 1 0 0-1.5.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5Zm-3 8.75a.75.75 0 1 0-1.5 0 .75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0Z"></path> </svg> <strong>8</strong> forks</a> </div> <div class="mt-2"> <a class="Link--muted" href="/contact/report-content?content_url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fsanko%2Freadonly&report=sanko+%28user%29"> Report repository </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="BorderGrid-row"> <div class="BorderGrid-cell"> <h2 class="h4 mb-3" data-pjax="#repo-content-pjax-container" data-turbo-frame="repo-content-turbo-frame"> <a href="/sanko/readonly/releases" data-view-component="true" class="Link--primary no-underline Link">Releases</a></h2> <a class="Link--primary 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0-2.609.986-3.029 2.456a.749.749 0 0 1-1.442 0C6.859 3.486 5.623 2.5 4.25 2.5Z"></path> </svg> Sponsor </button></include-fragment> <div class="text-small mt-3"> <a href="/sponsors">Learn more about GitHub Sponsors</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="BorderGrid-row"> <div class="BorderGrid-cell"> <h2 class="h4 mb-3"> <a href="/users/sanko/packages?repo_name=readonly" data-view-component="true" class="Link--primary no-underline Link d-flex flex-items-center">Packages <span title="0" hidden="hidden" data-view-component="true" class="Counter ml-1">0</span></a></h2> <div class="text-small color-fg-muted" > No packages published <br> </div> </div> </div> <div class="BorderGrid-row" hidden> <div class="BorderGrid-cell"> <include-fragment src="/sanko/readonly/used_by_list" accept="text/fragment+html"> </include-fragment> </div> </div> <div class="BorderGrid-row"> <div class="BorderGrid-cell"> <h2 class="h4 mb-3"> <a href="/sanko/readonly/graphs/contributors" data-view-component="true" class="Link--primary no-underline Link d-flex flex-items-center">Contributors <span title="5" data-view-component="true" class="Counter ml-1">5</span></a></h2> <include-fragment src="/sanko/readonly/contributors_list?count=5&current_repository=readonly&items_to_show=5" aria-busy="true" aria-label="Loading contributors"> <ul class="list-style-none d-flex flex-wrap mb-n2"> <li class="mb-2 "> <div class="Skeleton avatar avatar-user mr-2" style="width:32px;height:32px;"></div> </li> <li class="mb-2 "> <div class="Skeleton avatar avatar-user mr-2" style="width:32px;height:32px;"></div> </li> <li class="mb-2 "> <div class="Skeleton avatar avatar-user mr-2" style="width:32px;height:32px;"></div> </li> <li class="mb-2 "> <div class="Skeleton avatar avatar-user mr-2" style="width:32px;height:32px;"></div> </li> <li class="mb-2 "> <div class="Skeleton avatar avatar-user mr-2" style="width:32px;height:32px;"></div> </li> </ul> </include-fragment> </div> </div> <div class="BorderGrid-row"> <div 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dialog" data-close-dialog> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-x"> <path d="M3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 6.94l3.22-3.22a.749.749 0 0 1 1.275.326.749.749 0 0 1-.215.734L9.06 8l3.22 3.22a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L8 9.06l-3.22 3.22a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L6.94 8 3.72 4.78a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path> </svg> </button> <div class="octocat-spinner my-6 js-details-dialog-spinner"></div> </details-dialog> </details> </template> <div class="Popover js-hovercard-content position-absolute" style="display: none; outline: none;"> <div class="Popover-message Popover-message--bottom-left Popover-message--large Box color-shadow-large" style="width:360px;"> </div> </div> <template id="snippet-clipboard-copy-button"> <div class="zeroclipboard-container position-absolute right-0 top-0"> <clipboard-copy aria-label="Copy" class="ClipboardButton btn js-clipboard-copy m-2 p-0" data-copy-feedback="Copied!" data-tooltip-direction="w"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-copy js-clipboard-copy-icon m-2"> <path d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25Z"></path><path d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 5 9.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path> </svg> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-check js-clipboard-check-icon color-fg-success d-none m-2"> <path d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path> </svg> </clipboard-copy> </div> </template> <template id="snippet-clipboard-copy-button-unpositioned"> <div class="zeroclipboard-container"> <clipboard-copy aria-label="Copy" class="ClipboardButton btn btn-invisible js-clipboard-copy m-2 p-0 d-flex flex-justify-center flex-items-center" data-copy-feedback="Copied!" data-tooltip-direction="w"> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-copy js-clipboard-copy-icon"> <path d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25Z"></path><path d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 5 9.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path> </svg> <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-check js-clipboard-check-icon color-fg-success d-none"> <path d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.751.751 0 0 1 .018-1.042.751.751 0 0 1 1.042-.018L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path> </svg> </clipboard-copy> </div> </template> </div> <div id="js-global-screen-reader-notice" class="sr-only mt-n1" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true" ></div> <div id="js-global-screen-reader-notice-assertive" class="sr-only mt-n1" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true"></div> </body> </html>