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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Political movement in post-revolutionary Iran</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Standard_of_the_Shahanshah_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Standard_of_the_Shahanshah_of_Iran.svg/220px-Standard_of_the_Shahanshah_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Standard_of_the_Shahanshah_of_Iran.svg/330px-Standard_of_the_Shahanshah_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Standard_of_the_Shahanshah_of_Iran.svg/440px-Standard_of_the_Shahanshah_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="894" data-file-height="547" /></a><figcaption>Personal Standard of <a href="/wiki/Shah_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Shah of Iran">Shah of Iran</a> before 1979 Revolution, <a href="/wiki/Lion_and_Sun" title="Lion and Sun">Lion and Sun</a> <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Iran" title="Flag of Iran">Flag of Iran</a> with <a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Iran" title="Emblem of Iran">Pahlavi Coat of Arms</a>. <a href="/wiki/Turquoise_(color)" title="Turquoise (color)">Turquoise</a> is the colour of monarchists.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Iranian monarchism</b> is the advocacy of restoring the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarchy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, which was abolished after the <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Revolution">1979 Revolution</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Iran&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iran first became a constitutional monarchy in 1906 under the <a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Qajar dynasty</a>, but underwent a period of autocracy during the years 1925–1941 during the rule of <a href="/wiki/Reza_Shah" title="Reza Shah">Reza Shah</a>, who, after staging a coup d'état that led to the founding of the <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty" title="Pahlavi dynasty">Pahlavi dynasty</a>, imposed self-rule. Parliament became a rubber stamp, the press was censored and the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Persia" title="Communist Party of Persia">Communist Party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">trade unions</a> banned.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Reza Shah's abdication in 1941, the <a href="/wiki/Majles_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Majles of Iran">Iranian National Assembly</a> was restored to power. During the years 1941 to 1953, Iran remained a constitutional monarchy and active <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">parliamentary democracy</a> with Shah <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Mohammad Reza Pahlavi</a> retaining extensive legal executive powers. </p><p>On March 15, 1951, the National Assembly, led by Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Hossein_Ala" class="mw-redirect" title="Hossein Ala">Hossein Ala</a>, unanimously voted to nationalize the oil industry, which at the time was dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Iranian_Oil_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Iranian Oil Company">Anglo-Iranian Oil Company</a> (now <a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a>). In 1953, the British <a href="/wiki/MI6" title="MI6">MI6</a> and American <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> orchestrated a coup against <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Mossadegh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammed Mossadegh">Mohammed Mossadegh</a>'s government. Agents fueled rumors that the republican-minded Mossadegh was planning on abolishing the monarchy and declaring himself president of a new Republic of Iran, leading to a pro-monarchist backlash from the public and leading to a successful result in the coup against the prime minister. </p><p>The Shah, who had gone into exile during the coup, returned to Iran and named General <a href="/wiki/Fazlollah_Zahedi" title="Fazlollah Zahedi">Fazlollah Zahedi</a> as the new prime minister. Many contemporary sources attribute the coup, or counter <a href="/wiki/Coup" class="mw-redirect" title="Coup">coup</a>, entirely to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a> American <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> (<a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> <a href="/wiki/Coup" class="mw-redirect" title="Coup">Coup</a>) and agents of the British <a href="/wiki/MI6" title="MI6">MI6</a> who are reported to have organized and paid for it.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These sources point to many other coups in which the CIA was instrumental, such as that in Chile in 1973. Monarchists, however, argue that the counter-coup was in fact a popular uprising, and that the foreign intelligence agencies' undeniable involvement was peripheral. At least some historians argue the coup could not have taken place without both CIA organizing and Iranian support.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Afterwards, the era of constitutional monarchy gradually came to an end as the Shah increasingly exercised his executive powers unilaterally, thus leading towards the development of autocracy. By the early 1970s, with most political parties having been banned, Iran had effectively become a one-party state under <a href="/wiki/Rastakhiz_Party" title="Rastakhiz Party">Rastakhiz</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Front_(Iran)" title="National Front (Iran)">National Front</a> leaders like <a href="/wiki/Karim_Sanjabi" title="Karim Sanjabi">Karim Sanjabi</a> and moderate traditional Islamic leaders like <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Kazem_Shariatmadari" title="Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari">Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari</a> continued to espouse a constitutional monarchy. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mohammad_Pahlavi_Coronation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Mohammad_Pahlavi_Coronation.jpg/220px-Mohammad_Pahlavi_Coronation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Mohammad_Pahlavi_Coronation.jpg/330px-Mohammad_Pahlavi_Coronation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Mohammad_Pahlavi_Coronation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="417" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption>Imperial family of Iran at the coronation of Shah Mohammad Reza in 1967.</figcaption></figure> <p>Under increasing international pressure, particularly from President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> of the United States, the Shah pushed forward major democratic reforms in the late 1970s, designed to gradually restore the constitutional monarchy as it had originally been. However, several uprisings in 1978 and 1979 culminated in the Shah, who had been diagnosed with terminal cancer and had kept the fact secret, to leave the country with his family to seek treatment overseas. Within a few weeks the Shah's government had effectively collapsed and the Second Revolution had begun. The new provisional revolutionary government officially abolished the monarchy and declared Iran to be a republic. In April 1979, the Islamic Republic of Iran was established, under the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Leader_of_Iran" title="Supreme Leader of Iran">Supreme Leadership</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ruhollah Khomeini</a>. </p><p>In the months following the Revolution, former Field Marshal of the Imperial Armed Forces <a href="/wiki/Bahram_Aryana" title="Bahram Aryana">Bahram Aryana</a> organized a counter-revolution in exile. Based in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, with other military officials of the Imperial Armed Forces and Prince <a href="/wiki/Shahriar_Shafiq" title="Shahriar Shafiq">Shahriar Shafiq</a>, he established <a href="/wiki/Iran_Liberation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Iran Liberation Army">Azadegan</a>, a paramilitary resistance intended to help restore the constitutional monarchy. Fearing a growing counter-revolution, Prince Shahriar was assassinated in Paris in December 1979 by Khomeinist agents, which was a major setback for the monarchist resistance. Despite a number of successful operations which garnered international media attention in 1980 and 1981, the outbreak of war between Iran and <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> officially brought any hope for counter-revolution to an end. </p><p>In the 1990s and the decade following 2000, the Shah's reputation has staged something of a revival, with many Iranians looking back on his era as a time when Iran was more prosperous<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the government less oppressive.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Journalist <a href="/wiki/Afshin_Molavi" title="Afshin Molavi">Afshin Molavi</a> reports even members of the uneducated poor - traditionally core supporters of the revolution that overthrew the Shah - making remarks such as 'God bless the Shah's soul, the economy was better then;' and finds that "books about the former Shah (even censored ones) sell briskly," while "books of the Rightly Guided Path sit idle."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The former Crown Prince of Iran, <a href="/wiki/Reza_Pahlavi,_Crown_Prince_of_Iran" title="Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran">Reza Pahlavi</a>, himself does not advocate the restoration of his <a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">dynasty</a>, instead stating that the matter is for Iranians themselves to decide in a national referendum whether or not to restore the constitutional monarchy with the restoration of the House of Pahlavi.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monarchist_political_parties">Monarchist political parties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Iran&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Monarchist political parties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitutionalist_Party_of_Iran" title="Constitutionalist Party of Iran">Constitutionalist Party of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Party_(Iran)" title="Justice Party (Iran)">Justice Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalists%27_Party" title="Nationalists' Party">Nationalists' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_Party_(Iran)" title="National Union Party (Iran)">National Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran-e-No_Party" title="Iran-e-No Party">New Iran Party (1927)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Novin_Party" title="Iran Novin Party">New Iran Party (1963-1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Iran)" title="People's Party (Iran)">People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_Party_(Iran)" title="Progress Party (Iran)">Progress Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastakhiz_Party" title="Rastakhiz Party">Rastakhiz</a></li> <li>Sarbazan and Janbakhtegan</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Iran&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #154E9D; border-spacing:0.2em 0;color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Conservatism_in_Iran" title="Category:Conservatism in Iran">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#36c; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:160%; font-weight:normal; color:white; line-height:1em;"><a href="/wiki/Conservatism#Iran" title="Conservatism"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFF">Conservatism in Iran</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lion_and_Sun_Emblem_of_Iran_(Pahlavi).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Lion_and_Sun_Emblem_of_Iran_%28Pahlavi%29.svg/80px-Lion_and_Sun_Emblem_of_Iran_%28Pahlavi%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Lion_and_Sun_Emblem_of_Iran_%28Pahlavi%29.svg/120px-Lion_and_Sun_Emblem_of_Iran_%28Pahlavi%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Lion_and_Sun_Emblem_of_Iran_%28Pahlavi%29.svg/160px-Lion_and_Sun_Emblem_of_Iran_%28Pahlavi%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="325" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_Iran.svg/70px-Emblem_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_Iran.svg/105px-Emblem_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_Iran.svg/140px-Emblem_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Ideologies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Authoritarian_conservatism#Iran" title="Authoritarian conservatism">Authoritarian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_conservatism" title="National conservatism">National</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deviant_current" title="Deviant current">Deviant current</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_conservatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious conservatism">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islamism" title="Shia Islamism">Shia Islamism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_fundamentalism_in_Iran" title="Islamic fundamentalism in Iran">Fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khomeinism" title="Khomeinism">Khomeinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_principlists" title="Iranian principlists">Principlist</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Mojahedin_Organization_of_Iran#Terrorist_designation" title="People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran">Anti-MEK</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Arabism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Arabism">Anti-Arabism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Kurdism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Kurdism">Anti-Kurdism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authority" title="Authority">Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duty" title="Duty">Duty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elitism" title="Elitism">Elitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familialism" title="Familialism">Familialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_stratification" title="Social stratification">Hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_and_order_(politics)" title="Law and order (politics)">Law and order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militarism" title="Militarism">Militarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">Patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_order" title="Social order">Social order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Principlist groups</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-American_sentiment_in_Iran" title="Anti-American sentiment in Iran">Anti-Americanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Sunnism" title="Anti-Sunnism">Anti-Sunnism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Zionism#Islamism" title="Anti-Zionism">Anti-Zionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_antisemitism#Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of antisemitism">Antisemitism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clericalism_in_Iran" title="Clericalism in Iran">Clericalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homophobia" title="Homophobia">Homophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misogyny" title="Misogyny">Misogyny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theocracy" title="Theocracy">Theocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelver_Shi%27ism" title="Twelver Shi'ism">Twelver Shi'ism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guardianship_of_the_Islamic_Jurist" title="Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist">Vilayat Faqih</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Monarchist groups</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-clericalism" title="Anti-clericalism">Anti-clericalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_nationalism" title="Iranian nationalism">Iranian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Royalism">Royalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_state" title="Secular state">Secular state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westernization" title="Westernization">Westernization</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Revolution">Iranian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty" title="Pahlavi dynasty">Pahlavi dynasty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1953 Iranian coup d'état">1953 Iranian coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Revolution" title="White Revolution">White Revolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%ADs" title="Persecution of Baháʼís">Persecution of Baháʼís</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safavid_conversion_of_Iran_to_Shia_Islam" title="Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam">Safavid conversion to Shia Islam</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Intellectuals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Alamolhoda" title="Ahmad Alamolhoda">Alamolhoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Fardid" title="Ahmad Fardid">Fardid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadegh_Khalkhali" title="Sadegh Khalkhali">Khalkhali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Khomeini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadeq_Larijani" title="Sadeq Larijani">Larijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Modarres" title="Hassan Modarres">Modarres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taqi_Yazdi" title="Taqi Yazdi">Yazdi</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><b>Principlists</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Ahmadinejad" title="Mahmoud Ahmadinejad">Ahmadinejad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habibollah_Asgaroladi" title="Habibollah Asgaroladi">Asgaroladi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Bagher_Ghalibaf" title="Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf">Ghalibaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir-Hossein_Ghazizadeh_Hashemi" title="Amir-Hossein Ghazizadeh Hashemi">Ghazizadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeed_Jalili" title="Saeed Jalili">Jalili </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Jannati" title="Ahmad Jannati">Jannati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Khamenei" title="Ali Khamenei">Khamenei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Khomeini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadeq_Larijani" title="Sadeq Larijani">Larijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryam_Mojtahedzadeh" title="Maryam Mojtahedzadeh">Mojtahedzadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostafa_Pourmohammadi" title="Mostafa Pourmohammadi">Pourmohammadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebrahim_Raisi" title="Ebrahim Raisi">Raisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohsen_Rezaee" title="Mohsen Rezaee">Rezaee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qasem_Soleimani" title="Qasem Soleimani">Soleimani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alireza_Zakani" title="Alireza Zakani">Zakani</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Monarchists</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amir-Abbas_Hoveyda" title="Amir-Abbas Hoveyda">Hoveyda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Ali_Mansur" title="Hassan Ali Mansur">Mansur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reza_Shah" title="Reza Shah">Palevi I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi" title="Mohammad Reza Pahlavi">Palevi II</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Government" title="Islamic Government">Islamic Government</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1970)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><b>Active</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Combatant_Clergy_Association" title="Combatant Clergy Association">Combatant Clergy Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_of_Islamic_Revolution_Stability" title="Front of Islamic Revolution Stability">Front of Islamic Revolution Stability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Coalition_Party" title="Islamic Coalition Party">Islamic Coalition Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Devotees_of_the_Islamic_Revolution" title="Society of Devotees of the Islamic Revolution">Society of Devotees of the Islamic Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Seminary_Teachers_of_Qom" title="Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom">Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YEKTA_Front" title="YEKTA Front">YEKTA Front</a></li></ul> <p><b>Defunct</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Novin_Party" title="Iran Novin Party">Iran Novin Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran-e-No_Party" title="Iran-e-No Party">Iran-e-No Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republican_Party" title="Islamic Republican Party">Islamic Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Learned_Council" title="Learned Council">Learned Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Will_Party" title="National Will Party">National Will Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalists%27_Party" title="Nationalists' Party">Nationalists' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_Party_(Iran)" title="Progress Party (Iran)">Progress Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastakhiz_Party" title="Rastakhiz Party">Rastakhiz Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformers%27_Party" title="Reformers' Party">Reformers' Party</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hojjatie_Society" title="Hojjatie Society">Hojjatie Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps" title="Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps">Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restart_(group)" title="Restart (group)">Restart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAVAK" title="SAVAK">SAVAK</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Abrar" title="Abrar">Abrar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republican_(newspaper)" title="Islamic Republican (newspaper)">Islamic Republican</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kayhan" title="Kayhan">Kayhan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Partow-e_Sokhan" title="Partow-e Sokhan">Partow-e Sokhan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rajanews" title="Rajanews">Rajanews</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Resalat_(newspaper)" title="Resalat (newspaper)">Resalat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vatan-e-Emrooz" title="Vatan-e-Emrooz">Vatan-e-Emrooz</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yalasarat" title="Yalasarat">Yalasarat</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_to_America" title="Death to America">Death to America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Civilization" title="Great Civilization">Great Civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Iran" title="Greater Iran">Greater Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_denial#Iran" title="Holocaust denial">Holocaust denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iran" title="Islam in Iran">Islam in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_system_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" title="Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran">Judicial system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Iran" title="Nuclear program of Iran">Nuclear program of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Iranism" title="Pan-Iranism">Pan-Iranism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Iran" title="Politics of Iran">Politics of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_crescent" title="Shia crescent">Shia crescent</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/30px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Conservatism" title="Portal:Conservatism">Conservatism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/16px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/24px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Iran" title="Portal:Iran">Iran portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conservatism_in_Iran" title="Template:Conservatism in Iran"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conservatism_in_Iran" title="Template talk:Conservatism in Iran"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism_in_Iran" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism in Iran"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Iran" title="Politics of Iran">Politics of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Political parties in Iran">Political parties in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Assembly_of_Iran" title="Kingdom Assembly of Iran">Kingdom Assembly of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Persia" title="List of monarchs of Persia">List of monarchs of Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shahbanus_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Shahbanus of Persia">List of Shahbanus of Persia</a></li> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Iran&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Townson, Duncan, <i>The New Penguin Dictionary of Modern History 1789-1945 (Second Edition)</i>, Penguin, 2001, p. 459</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kinzer, Stephen, <i>All the Shah's Men : An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror</i>, Stephen Kinzer, John Wiley and Sons, 2003, p.5, 6, 210</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keddie, Nikki R., Roots of Revolution, Yale University Press, 1981, p.140</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kinzer, Stephen, <i>All the Shah's Men : An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror</i>, Stephen Kinzer, John Wiley and Sons, 2003, p.211</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Molavi, Afshin, <i>The Soul of Iran</i>, Norton (2005), p.74</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/iran/2004/5-020204.htm">Iran Report</a> 2 February 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sciolino, Elaine, <i>Persian Mirrors,</i> Touchstone, (2000), p.239, 244</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Molavi, Afshin, <i>The Soul of Iran</i>, Norton (2005), p.74, 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rezapahlavi.com/articles/?english&id=52">Reza Pahlavi's Next Revolution: Successor Story, The New Republic, Franklin Foer, Thursday, January 3rd, 2002</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070221210613/http://www.rezapahlavi.com/articles/?english&id=52">Archived</a> 2007-02-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Iran&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://azadeganiran.com/Default.asp">Azadegan</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarchism_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchism_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Monarchism in Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Afghanistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Afghanistan (page does not exist)">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Armenia (page does not exist)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Azerbaijan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Azerbaijan (page does not exist)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Bahrain (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Bangladesh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Bangladesh (page does not exist)">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Bhutan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Bhutan (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Brunei (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Cambodia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Cambodia (page does not exist)">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in China (page does not exist)">China</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Cyprus (page does not exist)">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_East_Timor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in East Timor (page does not exist)">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Egypt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Egypt (page does not exist)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarchism in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_India&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in India (page does not exist)">India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Indonesia (page does not exist)">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Iraq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Iraq (page does not exist)">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Israel (page does not exist)">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Japan (page does not exist)">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Jordan (page does not exist)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_North_Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in North Korea (page does not exist)">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_South_Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in South Korea (page does not exist)">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Kuwait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Kuwait (page does not exist)">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Kyrgyzstan (page does not exist)">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Laos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Laos (page does not exist)">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Lebanon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Lebanon (page does not exist)">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Malaysia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Malaysia (page does not exist)">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_the_Maldives&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in the Maldives (page does not exist)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Mongolia (page does not exist)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Myanmar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Myanmar (page does not exist)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Nepal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Nepal (page does not exist)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Oman (page does not exist)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Pakistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Pakistan (page does not exist)">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_the_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in the Philippines (page does not exist)">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Qatar (page does not exist)">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_Russia" title="Monarchism in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Saudi Arabia (page does not exist)">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Singapore (page does not exist)">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Syria (page does not exist)">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Tajikistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Tajikistan (page does not exist)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Thailand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Thailand (page does not exist)">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Turkey (page does not exist)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Turkmenistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Turkmenistan (page does not exist)">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in the United Arab Emirates (page does not exist)">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Uzbekistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Uzbekistan (page does not exist)">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Vietnam (page does not exist)">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Yemen (page does not exist)">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_the_State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in the State of Palestine (page does not exist)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Taiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Taiwan (page does not exist)">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Hong Kong (page does not exist)">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarchism_in_Macau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarchism in Macau (page does not exist)">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" 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