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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Variants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Operators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accidents_and_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accidents_and_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Accidents and incidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accidents_and_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specifications_(AS.6J_Series_III_)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specifications_(AS.6J_Series_III_)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Specifications (AS.6J Series III )</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specifications_(AS.6J_Series_III_)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" 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class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%81%D9%88%D9%8A" title="ايرسبيد إينفوي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ايرسبيد إينفوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="Airspeed Envoy – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Airspeed Envoy" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_AS.6_Envoy" title="Airspeed AS.6 Envoy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Airspeed AS.6 Envoy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_AS.6" title="Airspeed AS.6 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Airspeed AS.6" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="Airspeed Envoy – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Airspeed Envoy" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_AS.6_Envoy" title="Airspeed AS.6 Envoy – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Airspeed AS.6 Envoy" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="Airspeed Envoy – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Airspeed Envoy" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="Airspeed Envoy – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Airspeed Envoy" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="Airspeed Envoy – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Airspeed Envoy" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="Airspeed Envoy – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Airspeed Envoy" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%83%94%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89_%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9C%E3%82%A4" title="エアスピードエンボイ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エアスピードエンボイ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_AS.6_Envoy" title="Airspeed AS.6 Envoy – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Airspeed AS.6 Envoy" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="Airspeed Envoy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Airspeed Envoy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_AS.6_Envoy" title="Airspeed AS.6 Envoy – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Airspeed AS.6 Envoy" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B4_AS_6_Envoy" title="Ерспид AS 6 Envoy – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ерспид AS 6 Envoy" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="Airspeed Envoy – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Airspeed Envoy" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="Airspeed Envoy – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Airspeed Envoy" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="Airspeed Envoy – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Airspeed Envoy" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="Airspeed Envoy – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Airspeed Envoy" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q409136#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Envoy" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1930s British light aircraft</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248642317">.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-above{line-height:1.6em;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-header{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;line-height:23px;background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft-caption-left .infobox-label{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-label{width:30%;padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-aircraft .infobox-data{width:50%}}</style><table class="infobox ib-aircraft vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">AS.6 Envoy</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Airspeed_AS.6_Envoy_G-AHAC_Private_Charter_RWY_1948_edited-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Airspeed_AS.6_Envoy_G-AHAC_Private_Charter_RWY_1948_edited-2.jpg/300px-Airspeed_AS.6_Envoy_G-AHAC_Private_Charter_RWY_1948_edited-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Airspeed_AS.6_Envoy_G-AHAC_Private_Charter_RWY_1948_edited-2.jpg/450px-Airspeed_AS.6_Envoy_G-AHAC_Private_Charter_RWY_1948_edited-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Airspeed_AS.6_Envoy_G-AHAC_Private_Charter_RWY_1948_edited-2.jpg/600px-Airspeed_AS.6_Envoy_G-AHAC_Private_Charter_RWY_1948_edited-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="667" /></a></span> <div class="ib-aircraft-caption">The last surviving Airspeed Envoy, operated by Private Charter Ltd at <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Airport" title="Manchester Airport">Manchester (Ringway) Airport</a> in 1948</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Transport</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">National origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aerospace_manufacturer" title="Aerospace manufacturer">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed Ltd">Airspeed Ltd</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><div> <a href="/wiki/A._H._Tiltman" title="A. H. Tiltman">A. H. Tiltman</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number built</th><td class="infobox-data">52</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufactured</th><td class="infobox-data">1934–1939</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduction date</th><td class="infobox-data">1934</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">26 June 1934</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Retired</th><td class="infobox-data">1951</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Variants</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Viceroy" title="Airspeed Viceroy">Airspeed Viceroy</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Oxford" title="Airspeed Oxford">Airspeed Oxford</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Airspeed AS.6 Envoy</b> was a twin-engined light transport aircraft designed and produced by the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British</a> aircraft manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ltd." title="Airspeed Ltd.">Airspeed Ltd.</a> </p><p>The Envoy originated as a heavier twin-engine derivative of Airspeed's <a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Courier" title="Airspeed Courier">Courier</a> light transport aircraft. Sharing much of its design with this earlier aircraft, it was relatively easy to develop; confidence in the project was so high that within a week of the prototype's <a href="/wiki/Maiden_flight" title="Maiden flight">maiden flight</a>, it was performing as a display aircraft to the public. Quantity production of the Envoy had been initiated even before this first flight. Early on, Airspeed worked closely with the British engine manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Motors" title="Wolseley Motors">Wolseley Motors</a> as both a key supplier and early custom of the Envoy; development subsequently branched out to a wide variety of engines and configurations. </p><p>The majority of Envoys were produced by Airspeed at their facility at <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth#Transport_and_communications" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth Aerodrome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a>. The type was also produced overseas in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> by <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi" title="Mitsubishi">Mitsubishi</a> following the acquisition of a <a href="/wiki/Licensed_production" title="Licensed production">licence</a> at the company's <a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a> factory; it was locally known as the <i>Mitsubishi Hinazuru-type Passenger Transport</i>. While many customers of the Envoy were in the civilian sector, where it was used for a variety of purposes from <a href="/wiki/Air_racing" title="Air racing">air racing</a> to operating as an <a href="/wiki/Airliner" title="Airliner">airliner</a>, it also found an audience with military operators. The <i>Convertible Envoy</i> was developed for <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, which sought a model that could be rapidly reconfigured between civilian and military duties, being outfitted for use as a <a href="/wiki/Light_bomber" title="Light bomber">light bomber</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_aircraft" title="Reconnaissance aircraft">reconnaissance aircraft</a> for the latter capacity. The Envoy served as the basis for the <a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Oxford" title="Airspeed Oxford">Airspeed Oxford</a>, a militarised trainer aircraft operated in large numbers by the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies</a> in and around the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the early 1930s, Airspeed successfully introduced the innovative <a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Courier" title="Airspeed Courier">Courier</a>, the first British aircraft to feature a retractable <a href="/wiki/Landing_gear" title="Landing gear">undercarriage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_54_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_54-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Very quickly following the first flight, the company's management recognised that a logical follow-up project would be an enlarged derivative powered by twin engines, involving considerably less design work than an equivalent clean sheet initiative. The design effort was headed by co-founder <a href="/wiki/A._H._Tiltman" title="A. H. Tiltman">A. H. (Hessell) Tiltman</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p20-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> during November 1933, Airspeed's board authorised the project to proceed. By January 1934, six aircraft, including the prototype, were at various stages of construction.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_54_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_54-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 26 June 1934, the prototype, <i>G-ACMT</i>, performed its <a href="/wiki/Maiden_flight" title="Maiden flight">maiden flight</a>, piloted by C. H. A. Colman.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_54_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_54-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One week later, confidence in the prototype was so high that Airspeed decided to dispatch it for its first public appearance, an exhibition by the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_British_Aircraft_Constructors" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of British Aircraft Constructors">Society of British Aircraft Constructors</a> (SBAC) at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Hendon" class="mw-redirect" title="RAF Hendon">Hendon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p20-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By September 1934, the prototype was undergoing <a href="/wiki/Airworthiness_certificate" title="Airworthiness certificate">airworthiness certification</a> testing at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Martlesham_Heath" title="RAF Martlesham Heath">RAF Martlesham Heath</a>. Furthermore, work was progressing well on a specialised racing variant of the aircraft, the <a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Viceroy" title="Airspeed Viceroy">Airspeed Viceroy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_54_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_54-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Originally, Airspeed worked closely with British engine manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Motors" title="Wolseley Motors">Wolseley Motors</a> on the Envoy; it was originally designed to work with the latter's <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Aries" title="Wolseley Aries">Wolseley Aries</a> engine.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_54_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_54-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This partnership involved, amongst other aspects, the first two Envoys being sold to Wolseley and its owner <a href="/wiki/William_Morris,_1st_Viscount_Nuffield" title="William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield">Lord Nuffield</a>. The prototype, and several early production aircraft, were powered by Aries engines; however, the prototype was subsequently reengined with the <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Scorpio" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolseley Scorpio">Wolseley Scorpio</a> (amongst other changes) during early 1936.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_545_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_545-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wolseley abruptly decided to cease aircraft engine manufacture in September 1936 as a result of the bureaucratic requirements of the Air Ministry being considered excessive by Lord Nuffield. Accordingly, Airspeed decided to adapt the aircraft to work with a variety of different engines.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_545_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_545-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This decision led to customers being offered a choice of various engines to power their aircraft; these powerplants included the Aries, <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Cheetah" title="Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah">Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah V</a> or <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Lynx" title="Armstrong Siddeley Lynx">Armstrong Siddeley Lynx IVC</a> radial engines.<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p20-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-taylor_697_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_697-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early on, Airspeed promoted the Envoy by entering individual aircraft in <a href="/wiki/Air_race" class="mw-redirect" title="Air race">air races</a> and performing numerous long-distance flights.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_56_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_56-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The specialised Viceroy derivative, being tailored towards racing, was used in this promotional campaign as well.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_56_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_56-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Production of the Envoy was produced in three distinct series; initial production aircraft lacked several of the features present on later-built examples, such as <a href="/wiki/Trailing_edge" title="Trailing edge">trailing edge</a> <a href="/wiki/Flap_(aeronautics)" title="Flap (aeronautics)">flaps</a>. Seventeen Series I Envoys were completed, followed by thirteen Series II aircraft (equipped with <a href="/wiki/Flap_(aeronautics)#Split_flap" title="Flap (aeronautics)">split flaps</a>) and the improved Series III, of which nineteen were constructed.<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p20-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-taylor_69_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_69-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Akin to the preceding Courier, a 'colonial' model of the Envoy was developed for overseas customers.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_57_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_57-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Oxford#Design" title="Airspeed Oxford">Airspeed Oxford § Design</a></div> <p>The Airspeed Envoy was a twin-engined low-wing cabin monoplane of all-wood construction apart from fabric covered control surfaces. It had a rearward retracting main undercarriage with a fixed tailwheel. Having been designed from the onset as a twin-engined development of the company's earlier <a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Courier" title="Airspeed Courier">Courier</a>, numerous commonalities were shared between the two aircraft, including near-identical wooden construction, the same outer wing panels and the main <a href="/wiki/Landing_gear" title="Landing gear">undercarriage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p20-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The airframe had a <a href="/wiki/Plywood" title="Plywood">plywood</a> exterior while the structure was composed of wood as well and was considered to be conventional for the era.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_69_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_69-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a typical configuration, the cabin could accommodate eight passengers along with a single pilot, while the Envoy's normal fuel capacity was 78 gallons, accommodated within a pair of aluminium tanks in the centre section. A separate aft compartment was normally used to store <a href="/wiki/Baggage" title="Baggage">baggage</a>, accessible via an exterior door on the starboard side of the aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_69_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_69-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If the optional <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_lavatory" title="Aircraft lavatory">lavatory</a> was installed, a reduced maximum capacity of six passengers was necessary. Passenger access to the cabin was via a single door on the port side of the aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_69_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_69-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The wing of Envoy changed between models, with early-built aircraft not featuring <a href="/wiki/Flap_(aeronautics)" title="Flap (aeronautics)">flaps</a> unlike later production models.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_69_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_69-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also featured outboard extension wings, which could optionally accommodate a pair of additional 30 gallon fuel tanks to extend the aircraft's range. The wing's center section was integral with the aircraft's semi-<a href="/wiki/Monocoque" title="Monocoque">monocoque</a> fuselage, possessing an aspect ratio of 8.16, a mean dihedral of 5 degrees, and an incidence of 2 degrees at the fuselage.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_69_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_69-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Envoy was powered by a range of engines across its various models. While initial aircraft were furnished with a pair of <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Aries" title="Wolseley Aries">Wolseley Aries</a> engines, other models were equipped with powerplants such as the <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Cheetah" title="Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah">Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah V</a> and <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Lynx" title="Armstrong Siddeley Lynx">Armstrong Siddeley Lynx IVC</a> <a href="/wiki/Radial_engine" title="Radial engine">radial engines</a>. Regardless of the engine used, each was accommodated within an appropriate cowling, typically a short chord <a href="/wiki/Townend_ring" title="Townend ring">Townend ring</a>, but also wider chord cowlings with and without blisters for cylinder heads.<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p20-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-taylor_697_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_697-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operational_history">Operational history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Operational history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civilian_use">Civilian use</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Civilian use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first production Envoy I, <i>G-ACVH</i>, flew in October 1934 and was used as a company demonstrator. The second, also a Series I but fitted with <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Aries" title="Wolseley Aries">Wolseley Aries III</a> radial engines,<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p20-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was delivered to <a href="/wiki/William_Morris,_1st_Viscount_Nuffield" title="William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield">Lord Nuffield</a>. This aircraft was due to fly in the <a href="/wiki/MacRobertson_Air_Race" title="MacRobertson Air Race">MacRobertson Air Race</a> from England to <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> in 1934 but the aircraft was damaged and withdrawn from the race.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_56_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_56-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another aircraft, a specially modified version with long-range tanks (the <a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Viceroy" title="Airspeed Viceroy">AS 8 Viceroy</a>) reached as far as <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> before leaving the race due to damage.<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p20-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A single Envoy participated in the <a href="/wiki/Schlesinger_Race" class="mw-redirect" title="Schlesinger Race">Schlesinger Race</a> to Johannesburg, but crashed midway through, killing two of its crew.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-taylor_612_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_612-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Numerous early airlines adopted the Envoy for their fleets. The British company <a href="/wiki/North_Eastern_Airways" title="North Eastern Airways">North Eastern Airways</a> was the first to use the type as an airliner; multiple Envoys were used by the firm, which encountered difficulties on some routes due to limited passenger demand and navigation difficulties, leading to its discontinuation in 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_578_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_578-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indian operator <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tata_Air_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tata Air Service (page does not exist)">Tata Air Service</a> operated a single Envoy on a demonstration flight between <a href="/wiki/Bombay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombay">Bombay</a> (known as <i>Mumbai</i> today) and <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a> (since re-spelt as <i>Kolkata</i>) on 25 February 1935 to validate the viability of <a href="/wiki/Air_mail" class="mw-redirect" title="Air mail">air mail</a> service between the two cities. Amongst the more successful airlines to operate the Envoy was <a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan_Air_Transport_Co.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan Air Transport Co. (page does not exist)">Japan Air Transport Co.</a> (NKYKK – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nihon_Koku_Yuso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nihon Koku Yuso (page does not exist)">Nihon Koku Yuso</a> KK) and the <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakian</a> firm <a href="/wiki/Czech_Airlines" title="Czech Airlines">Czech Airlines</a> (CSA), the latter having ordered four Envoys to launch its operations with on 1 October 1935.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_58601_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_58601-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Orders for the Envoy came from a wide variety of customers, many of which were distributed across the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>. A pair of aircraft were delivered to the <a href="/wiki/Ansett_Australia" title="Ansett Australia">Ansett Airlines</a> in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>. The Spanish company <a href="/wiki/Commercial_Air_Hire" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercial Air Hire">Commercial Air Hire</a> acquired one of the early-build Envoys for civilian purposes; it was subsequently <a href="/wiki/Impressment" title="Impressment">impressed</a> into military service along with several Envoys during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_57_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_57-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two Envoys were used as the personal aircraft of separate Chinese governors; one of these may have been operated in a military capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_623_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_623-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During May 1937, the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Flight" class="mw-redirect" title="King's Flight">King's Flight</a> took delivery of a single Envoy III as a replacement for a <a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Dragon_Rapide" title="De Havilland Dragon Rapide">de Havilland Dragon Rapide</a>; this aircraft received the registration <i>G-AEXX</i> and was painted in distinctive red and blue colours.<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p23_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p23-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-taylor_66_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_66-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through the mid to late 1930s, several overseas companies entered negotiations with Airspeed with the aim of acquiring a <a href="/wiki/Licensed_production" title="Licensed production">licence</a> to produce the Envoy themselves. The Japanese company <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi" title="Mitsubishi">Mitsubishi</a> successfully did so, producing it as the <i>Mitsubishi Hinazuru-type Passenger Transport</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_5860_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_5860-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Austrian firm <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirtenberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirtenberger (page does not exist)">Hirtenberger</a> also secured a licence to locally manufacture the aircraft, while other entities, such as a <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavian</a> venture, also made efforts to secure similar accommodations.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_656_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_656-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_use">Military use</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Military use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Oxford#Operational_history" title="Airspeed Oxford">Airspeed Oxford § Operational history</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RMM_Brussel_Airspeed_Oxford.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/RMM_Brussel_Airspeed_Oxford.JPG/220px-RMM_Brussel_Airspeed_Oxford.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/RMM_Brussel_Airspeed_Oxford.JPG/330px-RMM_Brussel_Airspeed_Oxford.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/RMM_Brussel_Airspeed_Oxford.JPG/440px-RMM_Brussel_Airspeed_Oxford.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2954" data-file-height="1524" /></a><figcaption>A.S. 10 Oxford, developed from the AS.6 Envoy</figcaption></figure> <p>The Envoy also saw military use, being adopted by the air arms of different countries. The aircraft was used in quantity by the Air Forces of <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, along with several additional nations. </p><p>Seven Envoys were ordered for joint use by the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South African Air Force</a> (SAAF) and <a href="/wiki/South_African_Airways" title="South African Airways">South African Airways</a>, with three being delivered in military form and four delivered to South African Airways, where they were used on the air route between <a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bloemfontein" title="Bloemfontein">Bloemfontein</a> – <a href="/wiki/Port_Elizabeth" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Elizabeth">Port Elizabeth</a> on 12 October 1936.<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p21_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p21-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These aircraft, known as the "Convertible Envoy", could be equipped at short notice with <a href="/wiki/Bomb_rack" class="mw-redirect" title="Bomb rack">bomb racks</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Machinegun" class="mw-redirect" title="Machinegun">machinegun</a> in a hand-operated <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Whitworth" title="Armstrong Whitworth">Armstrong Whitworth</a> dorsal turret.<sup id="cite_ref-Mod_p628_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mod_p628-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-taylor_634_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_634-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Accordingly, each of these seven aircraft could be transformed by a work crew of four within four hours from the transport version into a light bomber or reconnaissance aircraft; in this configuration, the crew consisted of four; pilot, navigator, radio operator and gunner. While not a large order, Airspeed benefitted substantially from its work to develop the Convertible Envoy when it subsequently developed further militarised versions of the aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-Mod_p628_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mod_p628-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> (RAF) procured a handful of Envoys for communications work both domestically and overseas in the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_679_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_679-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During October 1936, the British <a href="/wiki/Air_Ministry" title="Air Ministry">Air Ministry</a> placed a sizable order for 136 Envoys, specially equipped for crew training, to fulfil <a href="/wiki/List_of_Air_Ministry_specifications#1930.E2.80.931939" title="List of Air Ministry specifications">Specification T.23/36</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ab18_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ab18-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These further developed aircraft were given a new company designation as the AS.10, and entered RAF service as the <a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Oxford" title="Airspeed Oxford">Airspeed Oxford</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mod_p628_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mod_p628-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>, ten AS.6 Envoys were obtained by the <a href="/wiki/Second_Spanish_Republic" title="Second Spanish Republic">Spanish Republicans</a>, with the Nationalist side using two, including one that defected from the Republicans,<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p392-3_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p392-3-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as transport, reconnaissance aircraft or light bombers.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the Nationalist Envoys flew into a mountain in June 1937, killing General <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Mola" title="Emilio Mola">Emilio Mola</a>; this Envoy had been their demonstrator and was sold for £6,000 cash (six £1000 Bank of England notes).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorway1954233_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorway1954233-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, the German <a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a> captured several Envoys and operated a few as trainer aircraft for a time.<sup id="cite_ref-KBR_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KBR-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan">Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During 1935, a pair of Envoy-Is were delivered to Japan, one for evaluation by the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Air_Transport" title="Japan Air Transport">Japan Air Transport Co.</a> (NKYKK – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nihon_Koku_Yuso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nihon Koku Yuso (page does not exist)">Nihon Koku Yuso</a> KK) and the other for the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy_Air_Service" title="Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service">Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service</a> as the <i>Airspeed LXM</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_60_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_60-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three months later, a follow-up order was placed four additional Envoys.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorway1954226_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorway1954226-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the acquisition of a <a href="/wiki/Licensed_production" title="Licensed production">licence</a>, local production of the aircraft started at the <a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a> <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi" title="Mitsubishi">Mitsubishi</a> factory of the <i>Mitsubishi Hinazuru-type Passenger Transport</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_5860_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_5860-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was initially powered by <a href="/wiki/Gasuden_Jimpu" class="mw-redirect" title="Gasuden Jimpu">Gasuden Jimpu</a> engines, but later using licence built <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Lynx" title="Armstrong Siddeley Lynx">Armstrong Siddeley Lynx</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Aries_Mk.III" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolseley Aries Mk.III">Wolseley Aries Mk.III</a> engines. While largely identical to their British-made equivalents, Mitsubishi-built aircraft differed in that they were outfitted with landing flaps, along with additional supporting frames around the passenger cabin windows and a covering for the transport cockpit canopy.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_60_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_60-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Flight testing of the Jimpu powered aircraft resulted in a crash, killing the flight test observer, (the first fatality during flight testing of Mitsubishi aircraft), blamed on the engines producing excessive drag, resulting in the switch to licence-built British engines. Eleven aircraft were built at Nagoya before production ceased, all of which flew domestic services for NKYKK (later to become <a href="/wiki/Greater_Japan_Airways" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Japan Airways">Greater Japan Airways</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_60_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_60-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar_era">Postwar era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Postwar era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the end of the Second World War, there were very few Envoys left in operation. One of the RAF Envoy IIIs that survived the conflict was subsequently disposed of as surplus and operated by Private Charter Ltd as <i>G-AHAC</i> for civil passenger charter flights, it was retired and finally scrapped at <a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Nottingham Airport">Tollerton airport, Nottingham</a> during 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_679_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_679-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>AS.6 Envoy I</dt> <dd>Powered by two 200-hp (149-kW) <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Aries" title="Wolseley Aries">Wolesley A.R.9</a> piston engines. 5 built</dd> <dt>AS.6A Envoy I</dt> <dd>Powered by two 240-hp (179-kW) <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Lynx" title="Armstrong Siddeley Lynx">Armstrong Siddeley Lynx IVC</a> radial piston engines. 5 built</dd> <dt>AS.6D Envoy II</dt> <dd>Powered by two 350-hp (261-kW) <a href="/wiki/Wright_R-760" class="mw-redirect" title="Wright R-760">Wright R-760-E2 Whirlwind 7</a> radial piston engines, eight built.</dd> <dt>AS.6E Envoy III</dt> <dd>Powered by two 340-hp (254-kW) <a href="/wiki/Walter_Castor" title="Walter Castor">Walter Castor</a> engines. 5 built</dd> <dt>AS.6G</dt> <dd>Powered by two 250-hp (186-kW) <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Scorpio" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolseley Scorpio">Wolseley Scorpio</a> I engines.</dd> <dt>AS.6H Envoy</dt> <dd>Powered by two 225-hp (168-kW) <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Aries" title="Wolseley Aries">Wolseley Aries</a> III engines. 1 built</dd> <dt>AS.6J Envoy III</dt> <dd>Seven-seat light transport aircraft. Powered by two 345-hp (257-kW) <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Cheetah" title="Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah">Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah IX</a> radial piston engines. 27 built</dd> <dt>AS.6JC Envoy</dt> <dd>Powered by two 350-hp (261-kW) <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Cheetah" title="Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah">Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah</a> IX radial piston engines. 4 built</dd> <dt>AS.6JM Envoy</dt> <dd>Powered by two 350-hp (261-kW) Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah IX radial piston engines. 3 built</dd> <dt>AS.6K Envoy III</dt> <dd>Three-built.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Viceroy" title="Airspeed Viceroy">AS.8 Viceroy</a></dt> <dd>A special, one-off racer developed for the <a href="/wiki/MacRobertson_Race" class="mw-redirect" title="MacRobertson Race">MacRobertson Race</a> from the Envoy.</dd> <dt>Airspeed LXM</dt> <dd>One Envoy evaluated by the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy_Air_Service" title="Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service">Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service</a></dd> <dt>Mitsubishi Hinazuru-type Passenger Transport</dt> <dd>(<i>Hinazuru</i> – <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">en</a> Young Crane) Licence production by Mitsubishi, fitted with flaps and powered by <a href="/wiki/Gasuden_Jimpu" class="mw-redirect" title="Gasuden Jimpu">Gasuden Jimpu</a>, or licence-built <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Lynx" title="Armstrong Siddeley Lynx">Armstrong Siddeley Lynx</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Aries_Mk.III" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolseley Aries Mk.III">Wolseley Aries Mk.III</a> engines. Eleven built from 1936 to 1938</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operators">Operators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Operators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Envoy also saw service in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>. </p> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansett_Australia" title="Ansett Australia">Ansett Airlines</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span data-sort-value="Croatia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281941%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Croatia</a></span></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_of_the_Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia">Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Airlines" title="Czech Airlines">ČSA</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978526_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978526-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Air_Force" title="Finnish Air Force">Finnish Air Force</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span data-sort-value="Germany"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></span></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a></i> (small numbers)<sup id="cite_ref-KBR_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KBR-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Air_Transport" title="Japan Air Transport">Japan Air Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japan_Airways" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Japan Airways">Imperial Japan Airways</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg/23px-Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg/35px-Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg/45px-Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Manchukuo" title="Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manchukuo_National_Airways" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchukuo National Airways">Manchukuo National Airways</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Airways" title="South African Airways">South African Airways</a> operated four aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978528_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978528-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South African Air Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978528_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978528-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Spain_%281931%E2%80%931939%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Republican_Air_Force" title="Spanish Republican Air Force">Spanish Republican Air Force</a> from <a href="/wiki/LAPE" title="LAPE">LAPE</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Air Force">Spanish Air Force</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Eastern_Airways" title="North Eastern Airways">North Eastern Airways</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Archive''_1992_No._246_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Archive''_1992_No._246-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Olley Air Service</li> <li>Portsmouth, Southsea and Isle of Wight Aviation<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978525–526_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978525–526-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Private Charter Ltd</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No._24_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 24 Squadron RAF">No. 24 Squadron RAF</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-taylor_667_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_667-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._17_Group_Communication_Flight_RAF" class="mw-redirect" title="No. 17 Group Communication Flight RAF">No. 17 Group Communication Flight RAF</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELake1999122_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELake1999122-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Air_Arm" title="Fleet Air Arm">Fleet Air Arm</a><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accidents_and_incidents">Accidents and incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Accidents and incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cheetah-powered Envoy, <i>VH-UXY</i>, piloted by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Ulm" title="Charles Ulm">Charles Ulm</a>, disappeared in December 1934 during an attempt to fly the Pacific route between <a href="/wiki/Oakland" class="mw-redirect" title="Oakland">Oakland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p20-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had been specially built with a large long-range fuel tank filling the middle of the cabin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorway1954221–224_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorway1954221–224-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jackson1_p20-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Findlay" title="Maxwell Findlay">Maxwell Findlay</a> fatally crashed another Envoy, modified with long-range fuel tanks, in northern <a href="/wiki/Rhodesia" title="Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a> during the October 1936 Portsmouth to Johannesburg <a href="/wiki/Schlesinger_African_Air_Race" class="mw-redirect" title="Schlesinger African Air Race">Schlesinger African Air Race</a>. They were to use a <a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Viceroy" title="Airspeed Viceroy">Viceroy</a> purchased for £5500; but when offered £9500 (the cost of the plane plus the first prize of £4000) by a Spanish (war) buyer they cashed the cheque and ordered a Cheetah-engine Envoy with long range tanks which had similar performance to the Viceroy. But at Abercorn in Africa they could not wait for the wind to drop so they could take off downhill. They took off with maximum load uphill against the wind but failed to clear trees beyond the strip and crashed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorway1954233_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorway1954233-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Envoy prototype (demonstrator) was sold to the Spanish Nationalists for £6000 cash (six £1000 Bank of England notes) in September 1936 and used as a VIP transport. On 3 June 1937 it flew into a mountain killing all on board including General Mola.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorway1954233_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorway1954233-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications_(AS.6J_Series_III_)"><span id="Specifications_.28AS.6J_Series_III_.29"></span>Specifications (AS.6J Series III )</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Specifications (AS.6J Series III )"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p style="font-size: 90%; margin:0;"><i>Data from</i> <i>Airspeed Aircraft since 1931</i><sup id="cite_ref-taylor_697_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taylor_697-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>General characteristics</b></span> </p><ul><li><b>Crew:</b> 1 pilot</li> <li><b>Capacity:</b> 6 passengers</li> <li><b>Length:</b> 34 ft 6 in (10.52 m)</li> <li><b>Wingspan:</b> 52 ft 4 in (15.95 m)</li> <li><b>Height:</b> 9 ft 6 in (2.90 m)</li> <li><b>Wing area:</b> 339 sq ft (31.5 m<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li><b>Empty weight:</b> 4,057 lb (1,840 kg)</li> <li><b>Gross weight:</b> 6,300 lb (2,858 kg)</li> <li><b>Powerplant:</b> 2 × <a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Siddeley_Cheetah" title="Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah">Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah</a> IX seven-cylinder <a href="/wiki/Radial_engine" title="Radial engine">radial engine</a>, 345 hp (257 kW) each</li></ul> <p><span style="font-size:120%"><b>Performance</b></span> </p> <ul><li><b>Maximum speed:</b> 210 mph (340 km/h, 180 kn) at 7,300 ft (2,230 m)</li> <li><b>Cruise speed:</b> 192 mph (309 km/h, 167 kn) at 75% power and 7,300 ft (2,230 m)</li> <li><b>Range:</b> 650 mi (1,050 km, 560 nmi) at 62.5% power and 10,000 ft (3,050 m)</li> <li><b>Service ceiling:</b> 22,500 ft (6,900 m) service</li> <li><b>Time to altitude:</b> to 10,000 ft (3,050 m), 8 min</li> <li><b>Wing loading:</b> 18.6 lb/sq ft (91 kg/m<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Power-to-weight_ratio" title="Power-to-weight ratio">Power/mass</a>:</b> 0.11 hp/lb (0.18 kW/kg)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p> <b>Related lists</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_of_World_War_II" title="List of aircraft of World War II">List of aircraft of World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_of_the_RAF" class="mw-redirect" title="List of aircraft of the RAF">List of aircraft of the RAF</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-taylor_54-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_54_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_54_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_54_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_54_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_54_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, p. 54</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jackson1_p20-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p20_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJackson1973">Jackson 1973</a>, p. 20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_545-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_545_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_545_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, pp. 54–55</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_697-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_697_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_697_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_697_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, pp. 69–70</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_56-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_56_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_56_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_56_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, p. 56</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_69-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_69_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_69_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_69_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_69_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_69_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_69_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, p. 69</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_57-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_57_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_57_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, p. 57</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1936/1936%20-%202705.html">"One out of nine."</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Flight_International" title="Flight International">Flight</a></i>, 8 October 1936, pp. 352–354.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_612-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-taylor_612_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, pp. 61–62</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_578-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-taylor_578_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, pp. 57–58</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_58601-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-taylor_58601_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, pp. 58, 60–61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_623-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-taylor_623_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, pp. 62–63</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jackson1_p23-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p23_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJackson1973">Jackson 1973</a>, p. 23</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_66-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-taylor_66_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, p. 66</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_5860-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_5860_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_5860_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, pp. 58–60</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_656-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-taylor_656_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, pp. 65–66</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jackson1_p21-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p21_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJackson1973">Jackson 1973</a>, p. 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mod_p628-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mod_p628_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mod_p628_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mod_p628_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFlight_30_June_1938"><i>Flight</i> 30 June 1938</a>, p. 628</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_634-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-taylor_634_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, pp. 63–64</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_679-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_679_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_679_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, pp. 67–69</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ab18-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ab18_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHamlin2001">Hamlin 2001</a>, pp. 18–26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jackson1_p392-3-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jackson1_p392-3_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJackson1973">Jackson 1973</a>, pp. 392–393</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHowson1979">Howson 1979</a>, pp. 68–78</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorway1954233-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorway1954233_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorway1954233_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorway1954233_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNorway1954">Norway 1954</a>, p. 233.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KBR-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KBR_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KBR_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKetleyRolfe1996">Ketley & Rolfe 1996</a>, p. 11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_60-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_60_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_60_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taylor_60_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, p. 60</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorway1954226-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorway1954226_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNorway1954">Norway 1954</a>, p. 226.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978526-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978526_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMiddleton_October_1978">Middleton October 1978</a>, p. 526.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978528-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978528_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978528_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMiddleton_October_1978">Middleton October 1978</a>, p. 528.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Archive''_1992_No._246-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Archive''_1992_No._246_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArchive_1992_No._2"><i>Archive</i> 1992 No. 2</a>, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978525–526-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiddleton_October_1978525–526_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMiddleton_October_1978">Middleton October 1978</a>, pp. 525–526.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor_667-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-taylor_667_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1970">Taylor 1970</a>, pp. 66–67</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELake1999122-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELake1999122_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLake1999">Lake 1999</a>, p. 122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSturtivantBurrow1995">Sturtivant & Burrow 1995</a>, p. 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorway1954221–224-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorway1954221–224_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNorway1954">Norway 1954</a>, pp. 221–224.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShoresFranksGuest1990">Shores, Franks & Guest 1990</a>, p. 155</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHamlin2001">Hamlin 2001</a>, p. 11</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHamlin2001" class="citation book cs1">Hamlin, John (2001). <i>The Oxford, Consul & Envoy File</i>. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: <a href="/wiki/Air-Britain" title="Air-Britain">Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0_85130_2890" title="Special:BookSources/0 85130 2890"><bdi>0 85130 2890</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford%2C+Consul+%26+Envoy+File&rft.place=Tonbridge%2C+Kent%2C+UK&rft.pub=Air-Britain+%28Historians%29+Ltd&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0851302890&rft.aulast=Hamlin&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowson1979" class="citation magazine cs1">Howson, Gerald (July–September 1979). "Contraband Wings of the Spanish Civil War...Britain's Clandestine Contribution". <i><a href="/wiki/Air_Enthusiast" title="Air Enthusiast">Air Enthusiast</a></i>. No. 10. pp. 68–78.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+Enthusiast&rft.atitle=Contraband+Wings+of+the+Spanish+Civil+War...Britain%27s+Clandestine+Contribution&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=68-78&rft.date=1979-07%2F1979-09&rft.aulast=Howson&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson1973" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, A. J. (1973). <i>British Civil Aircraft since 1919: Volume 1</i> (2nd ed.). London: Putnam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-370-10006-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-370-10006-9"><bdi>0-370-10006-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Civil+Aircraft+since+1919%3A+Volume+1&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Putnam&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=0-370-10006-9&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=A.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKetleyRolfe1996" class="citation book cs1">Ketley, Barry; Rolfe, Mark (1996). <i>Luftwaffe Fledglings 1935–1945: Luftwaffe Training Units and their Aircraft</i>. Aldershot, UK: Hikoki Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9519899-2-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9519899-2-0"><bdi>978-0-9519899-2-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Luftwaffe+Fledglings+1935%E2%80%931945%3A+Luftwaffe+Training+Units+and+their+Aircraft&rft.place=Aldershot%2C+UK&rft.pub=Hikoki+Publications&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-9519899-2-0&rft.aulast=Ketley&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft.au=Rolfe%2C+Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLake1999" class="citation book cs1">Lake, Alan (1999). <i>Flying units of the RAF</i>. <a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury" title="Shrewsbury">Shrewsbury</a>, UK: Airlife. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84037-086-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-84037-086-6"><bdi>1-84037-086-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flying+units+of+the+RAF&rft.place=Shrewsbury%2C+UK&rft.pub=Airlife&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-84037-086-6&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiddleton_October_1978" class="citation magazine cs1">Middleton, Don (October 1978). "Airspeed's Elegant Envoy – Part 2". <i><a href="/wiki/Aeroplane_Monthly" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeroplane Monthly">Aeroplane Monthly</a></i>. Vol. 6, no. 10. pp. 524–529.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aeroplane+Monthly&rft.atitle=Airspeed%27s+Elegant+Envoy+%E2%80%93+Part+2&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=524-529&rft.date=1978-10&rft.aulast=Middleton&rft.aufirst=Don&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlight_30_June_1938" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1938/1938%20-%201836.html">"Modern Trainer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Flight_International" title="Flight International">Flight</a></i>. 30 June 1938. pp. 628–632.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight&rft.atitle=Modern+Trainer.&rft.pages=628-632&rft.date=1938-06-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1938%2F1938%2520-%25201836.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorway1954" class="citation book cs1">Norway, Neville Shute (1954). <i><a href="/wiki/Slide_Rule:_Autobiography_of_an_Engineer" title="Slide Rule: Autobiography of an Engineer">Slide Rule</a></i>. London: William Heinemann.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Slide+Rule&rft.place=London&rft.pub=William+Heinemann&rft.date=1954&rft.aulast=Norway&rft.aufirst=Neville+Shute&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArchive_1992_No._2" class="citation magazine cs1">"Pre-War Airliner Fleets: 2. North Eastern Airways Ltd". <i>Archive</i>. No. 2. <a href="/wiki/Air-Britain" title="Air-Britain">Air-Britain</a>. 1992. pp. 45–46. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0262-4923">0262-4923</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archive&rft.atitle=Pre-War+Airliner+Fleets%3A+2.+North+Eastern+Airways+Ltd&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=45-46&rft.date=1992&rft.issn=0262-4923&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShoresFranksGuest1990" class="citation book cs1">Shores, Christopher; Franks, Norman; Guest, Russell (1990). <i>Above The Trenches: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915–1920</i>. London, UK: Grub Street. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-948817-19-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-948817-19-4"><bdi>0-948817-19-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Above+The+Trenches%3A+A+Complete+Record+of+the+Fighter+Aces+and+Units+of+the+British+Empire+Air+Forces+1915%E2%80%931920&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pub=Grub+Street&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-948817-19-4&rft.aulast=Shores&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.au=Franks%2C+Norman&rft.au=Guest%2C+Russell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSturtivantBurrow1995" class="citation book cs1">Sturtivant, Ray; Burrow, Mick (1995). <i>Fleet Air Arm Aircraft 1939 to 1945</i>. Tunbridge Wells, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85130-232-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-85130-232-7"><bdi>0-85130-232-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fleet+Air+Arm+Aircraft+1939+to+1945&rft.place=Tunbridge+Wells%2C+UK&rft.pub=Air-Britain+%28Historians%29+Ltd.&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-85130-232-7&rft.aulast=Sturtivant&rft.aufirst=Ray&rft.au=Burrow%2C+Mick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1970" class="citation book cs1">Taylor, H. A. (1970). <i>Airspeed Aircraft since 1931</i>. London: Putnam Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-370-00110-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-370-00110-9"><bdi>0-370-00110-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Airspeed+Aircraft+since+1931&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Putnam+Publishing&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=0-370-00110-9&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=H.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirspeed+Envoy" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_Envoy&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox 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href="/wiki/Template:Airspeed_aircraft" title="Template:Airspeed aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Airspeed_aircraft" title="Template talk:Airspeed aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Airspeed_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Airspeed aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Airspeed_aircraft" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ltd." title="Airspeed Ltd.">Airspeed</a> aircraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturer <br /> designations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Tern" title="Airspeed Tern">AS.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.2" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.2">AS.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.3" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.3">AS.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ferry" title="Airspeed Ferry">AS.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Courier" title="Airspeed Courier">AS.5</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AS.6</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AS.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Viceroy" title="Airspeed Viceroy">AS.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.9" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.9">AS.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Oxford" title="Airspeed Oxford">AS.10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Courier" title="Airspeed Courier">AS.11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.12" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.12">AS.12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.14_Ambassador" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.14 Ambassador">AS.14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.15" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.15">AS.15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.16" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.16">AS.16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.17" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.17">AS.17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.18" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.18">AS.18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.19" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.19">AS.19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.20" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.20">AS.20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.21" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.21">AS.21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.22" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.22">AS.22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.23" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.23">AS.23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.24" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.24">AS.24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.26" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.26">AS.26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.27" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.27">AS.27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.28" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.28">AS.28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.29" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.29">AS.29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Queen_Wasp" title="Airspeed Queen Wasp">AS.30</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_AS.31&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Airspeed AS.31 (page does not exist)">AS.31</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airspeed_AS.32&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Airspeed AS.32 (page does not exist)">AS.32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.33" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.33">AS.33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.34" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.34">AS.34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.35" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.35">AS.35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.36" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.36">AS.36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.37" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.37">AS.37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Queen_Wasp" title="Airspeed Queen Wasp">AS.38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Fleet_Shadower" title="Airspeed Fleet Shadower">AS.39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Oxford" title="Airspeed Oxford">AS.40, AS.41, AS.42, AS.43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.44" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.44">AS.44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Cambridge" title="Airspeed Cambridge">AS.45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Oxford" title="Airspeed Oxford">AS.46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.47" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.47">AS.47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.48" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.48">AS.48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.49" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.49">AS.49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Queen_Wasp" title="Airspeed Queen Wasp">AS.50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Horsa" title="Airspeed Horsa">AS.51, AS.52, AS.53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.54" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.54">AS.54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.55" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.55">AS.55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.56" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.56">AS.56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ambassador" title="Airspeed Ambassador">AS.57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Horsa" title="Airspeed Horsa">AS.58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ambassador" title="Airspeed Ambassador">AS.59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ayrshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed Ayrshire">AS.60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.61" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.61">AS.61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.62" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.62">AS.62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_AS.63" class="mw-redirect" title="Airspeed AS.63">AS.63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ambassador" title="Airspeed Ambassador">AS.64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Consul" title="Airspeed Consul">AS.65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ambassador" title="Airspeed Ambassador">AS.66, AS.67, AS.68, AS.69</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airliners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ambassador" title="Airspeed Ambassador">Ambassador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Consul" title="Airspeed Consul">Consul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Courier" title="Airspeed Courier">Courier</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Envoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Ferry" title="Airspeed Ferry">Ferry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Maritime patrol</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Fleet_Shadower" title="Airspeed Fleet Shadower">Fleet Shadower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Racers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Viceroy" title="Airspeed Viceroy">Viceroy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sailplane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sailplane">Sailplanes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Tern" title="Airspeed Tern">Tern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/UAV" class="mw-redirect" title="UAV">Target drones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Queen_Wasp" title="Airspeed Queen Wasp">Queen Wasp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trainers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Cambridge" title="Airspeed Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Oxford" title="Airspeed Oxford">Oxford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport gliders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_Horsa" title="Airspeed Horsa">Horsa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Imperial_Japanese_Navy_aircraft_designations_(short_system)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_Navy_short_aircraft_designations" title="Template:Japanese Navy short aircraft designations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japanese_Navy_short_aircraft_designations" title="Template talk:Japanese Navy short aircraft designations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese_Navy_short_aircraft_designations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese Navy short aircraft designations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Imperial_Japanese_Navy_aircraft_designations_(short_system)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_military_aircraft_designation_systems" title="Japanese military aircraft designation systems">Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft designations (short system)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fighters (A)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_A1N" title="Nakajima A1N">A1N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_A2N" title="Nakajima A2N">A2N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_A2N" title="Nakajima A2N">A3N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_A4N" title="Nakajima A4N">A4N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_A5M" title="Mitsubishi A5M">A5M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_A6M_Zero" title="Mitsubishi A6M Zero">A6M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_112" title="Heinkel He 112">A7He</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_A7M" title="Mitsubishi A7M">A7M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seversky_A8V" title="Seversky A8V">A8V</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_P-12" title="Boeing P-12">AXB</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewoitine_D.500" title="Dewoitine D.500">AXD</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_FF" title="Grumman FF">AXG</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawker_Nimrod" title="Hawker Nimrod">AXH</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_100" title="Heinkel He 100">AXHe</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vought_V-141" title="Vought V-141">AXV</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Torpedo bombers (B)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_B1M" title="Mitsubishi B1M">B1M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_B2M" title="Mitsubishi B2M">B2M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_B3N" title="Nakajima B3N">B3N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kugisho_B3Y" title="Kugisho B3Y">B3Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_B4M" title="Mitsubishi B4M">B4M</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nakajima_B4N&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nakajima B4N (page does not exist)">B4N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_B4Y" title="Yokosuka B4Y">B4Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_B5M" title="Mitsubishi B5M">B5M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_B5N" title="Nakajima B5N">B5N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_B6N" title="Nakajima B6N">B6N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_B7A" title="Aichi B7A">B7A</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Gamma" title="Northrop Gamma">BXN</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_C6N" title="Nakajima C6N">C6N1-B</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shipboard reconnaissance (C)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_2MR" title="Mitsubishi 2MR">C1M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_Ki-6" title="Nakajima Ki-6">C2N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_C3N" title="Nakajima C3N">C3N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_C4A" title="Aichi C4A">C4A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Ki-15" title="Mitsubishi Ki-15">C5M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_C6N" title="Nakajima C6N">C6N</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Potez_540" title="Potez 540">CXP</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_D4Y" title="Yokosuka D4Y">D4Y1-C</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_E4N" title="Nakajima E4N">E4N2-C</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dive bombers (D)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_D1A" title="Aichi D1A">D1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_D1A" title="Aichi D1A">D2A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nakajima_D2N&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nakajima D2N (page does not exist)">D2N</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yokosuka_D2Y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yokosuka D2Y (page does not exist)">D2Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_D3A" title="Aichi D3A">D3A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitsubishi_D3M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitsubishi D3M (page does not exist)">D3M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_D3N" title="Nakajima D3N">D3N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_D3Y" title="Yokosuka D3Y">D3Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_D4Y" title="Yokosuka D4Y">D4Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_D3Y" title="Yokosuka D3Y">D5Y</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_BT" title="Northrop BT">DXD</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_118" title="Heinkel He 118">DXHe</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reconnaissance seaplanes (E)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_E1Y" title="Yokosuka E1Y">E1Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_E2N" title="Nakajima E2N">E2N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_E3A" title="Aichi E3A">E3A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_E4N" title="Nakajima E4N">E4N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_E5K" class="mw-redirect" title="Kawanishi E5K">E5K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_E5Y" title="Yokosuka E5Y">E5Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_E6Y" title="Yokosuka E6Y">E6Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_E7K" title="Kawanishi E7K">E7K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_E8A" title="Aichi E8A">E8A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kawanishi_E8K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kawanishi E8K (page does not exist)">E8K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_E8N" title="Nakajima E8N">E8N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watanabe_E9W" title="Watanabe E9W">E9W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_E10A" title="Aichi E10A">E10A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_E10K" title="Kawanishi E10K">E10K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_E11A" title="Aichi E11A">E11A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_E11K" title="Kawanishi E11K">E11K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_E12A" class="mw-redirect" title="Aichi E12A">E12A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kawanishi_E12K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kawanishi E12K (page does not exist)">E12K</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nakajima_E12N&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nakajima E12N (page does not exist)">E12N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_E13A" title="Aichi E13A">E13A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_E13K" title="Kawanishi E13K">E13K</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Watanabe_E14W&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Watanabe E14W (page does not exist)">E14W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_E14Y" title="Yokosuka E14Y">E14Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_E15K" title="Kawanishi E15K">E15K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_E16A" title="Aichi E16A">E16A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observation seaplanes (F)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_F1A" title="Aichi F1A">F1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_F1M" title="Mitsubishi F1M">F1M</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_J1N" title="Nakajima J1N">J1N1-F</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Land-based bombers (G)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_3MT5" title="Mitsubishi 3MT5">G1M (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_G1M" title="Mitsubishi G1M">G1M (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiro_G2H" title="Hiro G2H">G2H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_G3M" title="Mitsubishi G3M">G3M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_G4M" title="Mitsubishi G4M">G4M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_G5N" title="Nakajima G5N">G5N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_G4M" title="Mitsubishi G4M">G6M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_G7M" title="Mitsubishi G7M">G7M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_G8N" title="Nakajima G8N">G8N</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kawanishi_G9K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kawanishi G9K (page does not exist)">G9K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_G10N" title="Nakajima G10N">G10N</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flying Boats (H)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiro_H1H" title="Hiro H1H">H1H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiro_H2H" title="Hiro H2H">H2H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiro_H3H1" title="Hiro H3H1">H3H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_H3K" title="Kawanishi H3K">H3K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiro_H4H" title="Hiro H4H">H4H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_H5Y" title="Yokosuka H5Y">H5Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_H6K" title="Kawanishi H6K">H6K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_H7Y" title="Yokosuka H7Y">H7K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_H8K" title="Kawanishi H8K">H8K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_H9A" title="Aichi H9A">H9A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hiro_H10H&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hiro H10H (page does not exist)">H10H</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kawanishi_H11K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kawanishi H11K (page does not exist)">H11K</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_P2Y" title="Consolidated P2Y">HXC</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DF" title="Douglas DF">HXD</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potez_452" title="Potez 452">HXP</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Land-based Fighters (J)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_J1N" title="Nakajima J1N">J1N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_J2M" title="Mitsubishi J2M">J2M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_J3K" title="Kawanishi J3K">J3K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_J4M" title="Mitsubishi J4M">J4M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_J5N" title="Nakajima J5N">J5M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_J6K" title="Kawanishi J6K">J6K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyushu_J7W_Shinden" title="Kyushu J7W Shinden">J7W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_J8M" title="Mitsubishi J8M">J8M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_Kikka" title="Nakajima Kikka">J9N</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_N1K" title="Kawanishi N1K">N1K1-J/N1K2-J</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trainers (K)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_K1Y" title="Yokosuka K1Y">K1Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avro_504" title="Avro 504">K2Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_K3M" title="Mitsubishi K3M">K3M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_K4Y" title="Yokosuka K4Y">K4Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_K5Y" title="Yokosuka K5Y">K5Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_K6K" title="Kawanishi K6K">K6K</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitsubishi_K6M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitsubishi K6M (page does not exist)">K6M</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Watanabe_K6W&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Watanabe K6W (page does not exist)">K6W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_K7M" title="Mitsubishi K7M">K7M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_K8K" title="Kawanishi K8K">K8K</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nippi_K8Ni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nippi K8Ni (page does not exist)">K8Ni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nihon_K8P&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nihon K8P (page does not exist)">N8P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watanabe_K8W" title="Watanabe K8W">K8W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_131_Jungmann" title="Bücker Bü 131 Jungmann">K9W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyushu_K10W" title="Kyushu K10W">K10W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyushu_K11W" title="Kyushu K11W">K11W</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_NA-16" title="North American NA-16">KXA</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCcker_B%C3%BC_131_Jungmann" title="Bücker Bü 131 Jungmann">KXBu</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caudron_C.600_Aiglon" title="Caudron C.600 Aiglon">KXC</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_A50" class="mw-redirect" title="Junkers A50">KXJ</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_72" class="mw-redirect" title="Heinkel He 72">KXHe</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_10_Electra" title="Lockheed Model 10 Electra">KXL</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_A5M" title="Mitsubishi A5M">A5M4-K</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_A6M_Zero" title="Mitsubishi A6M Zero">A6M2-K</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_B5N" title="Nakajima B5N">B5N1-K</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_D3Y" title="Yokosuka D3Y">D3Y1-K</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_E13A" title="Aichi E13A">E13A1-K</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_F1M" title="Mitsubishi F1M">F1M2-K</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_G6M" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitsubishi G6M">G6M1-K</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_M6A" title="Aichi M6A">M6A1-K</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyushu_Q1W" title="Kyushu Q1W">Q1W1-K</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transports (L)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_Ki-34" title="Nakajima Ki-34">L1N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Showa/Nakajima_L2D" title="Showa/Nakajima L2D">L2D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_G3M" title="Mitsubishi G3M">L3Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Ki-57" title="Mitsubishi Ki-57">L4M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihon_L7P" title="Nihon L7P">L7P</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_CA-1" title="Curtiss-Wright CA-1">LXC</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4E" title="Douglas DC-4E">LXD</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_91_Baby_Clipper" title="Fairchild 91 Baby Clipper">LXF</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gasuden_KR-2" class="mw-redirect" title="Gasuden KR-2">LXG (KR-2)</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grumman_G-21_Goose" title="Grumman G-21 Goose">LXG (G-21)</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_70_Blitz" title="Heinkel He 70 Blitz">LXHe</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_60" title="Junkers Ju 60">LXJ (Ju 60)</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_Ju_86" title="Junkers Ju 86">LXJ (Ju 86)</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinner_Envoy" title="Kinner Envoy">LXK</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">LXM</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_G5N" title="Nakajima G5N">G5N2-L</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_G4M" title="Mitsubishi G4M">G6M1-L</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_H6K" title="Kawanishi H6K">H6K2-L/H6K4-L</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_H8K" title="Kawanishi H8K">H8K1-L/H8K2-L/H8K4-L</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kawanishi_H11K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kawanishi H11K (page does not exist)">H11K1-L</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_K3M" title="Mitsubishi K3M">K3M3-L</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special-purpose (M)<sup><small>1</small></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_M6A" title="Aichi M6A">M6A</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nihon_MXJ1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nihon MXJ1 (page does not exist)">MXJ1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_MXY1" title="Yokosuka MXY1">MXY1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_MXY1" title="Yokosuka MXY1">MXY2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yokosuka_MXY3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yokosuka MXY3 (page does not exist)">MXY2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yokosuka_MXY4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yokosuka MXY4 (page does not exist)">MXY4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_MXY5" title="Yokosuka MXY5">MXY5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyushu_J7W_Shinden" title="Kyushu J7W Shinden">MXY6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_MXY-7_Ohka" title="Yokosuka MXY-7 Ohka">MXY7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_MXY8" title="Yokosuka MXY8">MXY8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_MXY9" title="Yokosuka MXY9">MXY9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_P1Y" title="Yokosuka P1Y">MXY10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_G4M" title="Mitsubishi G4M">MXY11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mizuno_MXZ1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mizuno MXZ1 (page does not exist)">MXZ1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Floatplane fighters (N)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi_N1K" title="Kawanishi N1K">N1K</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_A6M2-N" title="Nakajima A6M2-N">A6M2-N</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Land-based bombers (P)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_P1Y" title="Yokosuka P1Y">P1Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Ki-67" title="Mitsubishi Ki-67">P2M</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Patrol (Q)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyushu_Q1W" title="Kyushu Q1W">Q1W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Q2M" title="Mitsubishi Q2M">Q2M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyushu_K11W" title="Kyushu K11W">Q3W</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Land-based reconnaissance (R)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yokosuka_R1Y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yokosuka R1Y (page does not exist)">R1Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_R2Y" title="Yokosuka R2Y">R2Y</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_D4Y" title="Yokosuka D4Y">D4Y2-R</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_J1N" title="Nakajima J1N">J1N1-R</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Night fighters (S)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_S1A" title="Aichi S1A">S1A</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_C6N" title="Nakajima C6N">C6N1-S</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_D4Y" title="Yokosuka D4Y">D4Y2-S</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aichi_E13A" title="Aichi E13A">E13A1a-S/E13A1b-S</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakajima_J1N" title="Nakajima J1N">J1N1-S</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka_P1Y" title="Yokosuka P1Y">P1Y1-S/P1Y2-S</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup> X as second letter is for experimental aircraft or imported technology demonstrators not intended for service, <sup>2</sup> Hyphenated trailing letter (-J, -K, -L, -N or -S) denotes design modified for secondary role, <sup>3</sup> Possibly incorrect designation, but used in many sources</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Spanish_Armed_Forces_liaison/utility_aircraft_designations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Spanish_liaison_aircraft" title="Template:Spanish liaison aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Spanish_liaison_aircraft" title="Template talk:Spanish liaison aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish_liaison_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Spanish liaison aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Spanish_Armed_Forces_liaison/utility_aircraft_designations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces" title="Spanish Armed Forces">Spanish Armed Forces</a> liaison/utility aircraft designations</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Enlace</i> (L)<br /><small>Liaison</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Percival_Gull" title="Percival Gull">L.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caudron_Simoun" title="Caudron Simoun">L.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonz%C3%A1lez_Gil-Paz%C3%B3_GP-1" title="González Gil-Pazó GP-1">L.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klemm_Kl_32" title="Klemm Kl 32">L.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Falcon" title="Miles Falcon">L.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartan_Executive" title="Spartan Executive">L.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farman_F.180" class="mw-redirect" title="Farman F.180">L.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Aircraft_Monospar_ST-25" title="General Aircraft Monospar ST-25">L.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Dragon" title="De Havilland Dragon">L.9 (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Dragon_Rapide" title="De Havilland Dragon Rapide">L.9 (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_10_Electra" title="Lockheed Model 10 Electra">L.10</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">L.11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Delta" title="Northrop Delta">L.12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vultee_V-1" title="Vultee V-1">L.13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junkers_W_34" title="Junkers W 34">L.14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_108_Taifun" title="Messerschmitt Bf 108 Taifun">L.15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_156_Storch" title="Fieseler Fi 156 Storch">L.16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Fleetster" title="Consolidated Fleetster">L.17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koolhoven_F.K.51" title="Koolhoven F.K.51">L.18 (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AISA_AVD.12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AISA AVD.12 (page does not exist)">L.18 (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA_HM.1" title="INTA HM.1">L.19</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heinkel_He_70_Blitz" title="Heinkel He 70 Blitz">L.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stinson_108" title="Stinson 108">L.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonz%C3%A1lez_Gil-Paz%C3%B3_GP-1" title="González Gil-Pazó GP-1">L.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_108_Taifun" title="Messerschmitt Bf 108 Taifun">L.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA_HM.1" title="INTA HM.1">L.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA_HM.1" title="INTA HM.1">L.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieseler_Fi_156_Storch" title="Fieseler Fi 156 Storch">L.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AISA_I-11" title="AISA I-11">L.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_27" title="Dornier Do 27">L.9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AISA_AVD.10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AISA AVD.10 (page does not exist)">L.10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hispano_HA-231_Gui%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hispano HA-231 Guión (page does not exist)">L.11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_O-1_Bird_Dog" title="Cessna O-1 Bird Dog">L.12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percival_Gull" title="Percival Gull">L.13</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Utilitario</i> (U)<br /><small>Utility</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">U.1–U.8</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_27" title="Dornier Do 27">U.9</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">U.10</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">U.11</span><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_O-1_Bird_Dog" title="Cessna O-1 Bird Dog">U.12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-215" title="Canadair CL-215">UD.13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dornier_Do_28" title="Dornier Do 28">U.14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair_CL-415" title="Canadair CL-415">UD.14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PZL_SZD-30_Pirat" title="PZL SZD-30 Pirat">U.15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheibe_Tandem-Falke" title="Scheibe Tandem-Falke">U.16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LET_L-13_Blan%C3%ADk" title="LET L-13 Blaník">U.17</a></li> <li>U.18<sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li>U.19<sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessna_Citation_II" title="Cessna Citation II">U.20</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Not assigned</li> <li><sup>2</sup> No details known</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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