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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_War_and_Reconstruction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Civil War and Reconstruction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_War_and_Reconstruction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-End_of_Reconstruction_and_late_19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#End_of_Reconstruction_and_late_19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>End of Reconstruction and late 19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-End_of_Reconstruction_and_late_19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rise_of_the_Jim_Crow_laws_and_early_20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rise_of_the_Jim_Crow_laws_and_early_20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Rise of the Jim Crow laws and early 20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rise_of_the_Jim_Crow_laws_and_early_20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fall_of_segregation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fall_of_segregation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Fall of segregation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fall_of_segregation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Boundaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boundaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Boundaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boundaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Terrain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terrain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Terrain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terrain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Hydrology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora_and_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora_and_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Flora and fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora_and_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cities_and_towns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cities_and_towns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Cities and towns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cities_and_towns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Race_and_ethnicity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Race_and_ethnicity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Race and ethnicity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Race_and_ethnicity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Industry_and_commerce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industry_and_commerce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Industry and commerce</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industry_and_commerce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Executive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Executive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Executive</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Executive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Legislative</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judicial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judicial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Judicial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judicial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Federal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>Military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.7</span> <span>Taxation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sports_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Sports and recreation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Attractions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attractions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Attractions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attractions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Arkansas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 194 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-194" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">194 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%AB%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%8D" title="አርካንሳው – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አርካንሳው" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc%C7%A3nsa" title="Arcǣnsa – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Arcǣnsa" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="أركنساس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أركنساس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%AA%DC%9F%DC%A2%DC%A3%DC%90%DC%A3" title="ܐܪܟܢܣܐܣ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܪܟܢܣܐܣ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas_suyu" title="Arkansas suyu – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Arkansas suyu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanzas" title="Arkanzas – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Arkanzas" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آرکانزاس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آرکانزاس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="আর্কানসাস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আর্কানসাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="आर्कन्सा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="आर्कन्सा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨར་ཁན་སཱ་སི། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨར་ཁན་སཱ་སི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="أركانساس – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="أركانساس" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzi%C5%82_Bii%CA%BC_Dz%C3%ADgaii_Hahoodzo" title="Dził Biiʼ Dzígaii Hahoodzo – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Dził Biiʼ Dzígaii Hahoodzo" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%BF" title="Άρκανσο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άρκανσο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ark%C3%A0nsas" title="Arkànsas – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Arkànsas" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansaso" title="Arkansaso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Arkansaso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آرکانزاس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آرکانزاس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcansas" title="Arcansas – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Arcansas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%82%AF%E8%89%B2%E5%B7%9E" title="阿肯色州 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="阿肯色州" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آرکانزاس – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="آرکانزاس" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8" title="અરકાનસાસ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="અરકાનસાસ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%85" title="𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍅 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍅" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%B9%B8%EC%86%8C%EC%A3%BC" title="아칸소주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아칸소주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas_(jiha)" title="Arkansas (jiha) – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Arkansas (jiha)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBAkanaka" title="ʻAkanaka – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻAkanaka" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%BD_(%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3)" title="Արկանզաս (նահանգ) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արկանզաս (նահանգ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="आर्कन्सा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आर्कन्सा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkins%E1%BB%8D" title="Arkinsọ – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Arkinsọ" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="আরকান্‌সাস – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="আরকান্‌সাস" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aakansaa" title="Aakansaa – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Aakansaa" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%95" title="ארקנסו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארקנסו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arakanzaa" title="Arakanzaa – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Arakanzaa" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಅರ್ಕಾನ್ಸಾಸ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅರ್ಕಾನ್ಸಾಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="არკანზასი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="არკანზასი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Арканзас (штат) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Арканзас (штат)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akennsas_(eta)" title="Akennsas (eta) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Akennsas (eta)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Арканзас (штат) – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Арканзас (штат)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcansia" title="Arcansia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Arcansia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80rkanzasa" title="Ārkanzasa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ārkanzasa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanzasas" title="Arkanzasas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Arkanzasas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="आर्कान्स – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="आर्कान्स" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE" title="ആർക്കൻസാ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആർക്കൻസാ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80kanara" title="Ākanara – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Ākanara" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="आर्कान्सा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आर्कान्सा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="არკანზასი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="არკანზასი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88" title="اركانسو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اركانسو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آرکانزاس – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آرکانزاس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%81" title="ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯥꯟꯁꯥꯁ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯥꯟꯁꯥꯁ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="အာကင်ဆောပြည်နယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အာကင်ဆောပြည်နယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas_(staat)" title="Arkansas (staat) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Arkansas (staat)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="आर्कान्स – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="आर्कान्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%83" title="आर्कान्सः – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="आर्कान्सः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BD%E3%83%BC%E5%B7%9E" title="アーカンソー州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アーカンソー州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanzas" title="Arkanzas – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Arkanzas" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਆਰਕੰਸਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਰਕੰਸਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8:" title="आर्कान्स: – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="आर्कान्स:" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آرکانساس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آرکانساس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ارکنزاس – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ارکنزاس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanzas" title="Arkanzas – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Arkanzas" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas_suyu" title="Arkansas suyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Arkansas suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="अर्कान्स – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="अर्कान्स" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ارڪنساس – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ارڪنساس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ئارکنساس – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئارکنساس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE" title="ஆர்கன்சா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆர்கன்சா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="ఆర్కెన్సా రాష్ట్రం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆర్కెన్సా రాష్ట్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD" title="รัฐอาร์คันซอ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐอาร์คันซอ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Арканзас – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арканзас" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آرکنساس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آرکنساس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanzas_Shtati" title="Arkanzas Shtati – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Arkanzas Shtati" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%82%AF%E8%89%B2%E5%B7%9E" title="阿肯色州 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="阿肯色州" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%82%AF%E8%89%B2%E5%B7%9E" title="阿肯色州 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿肯色州" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%90" title="ארקענסא – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ארקענסא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%82%AF%E8%89%B2%E5%B7%9E" title="阿肯色州 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿肯色州" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanzasos" title="Arkanzasos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Arkanzasos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%82%AF%E8%89%B2%E5%B7%9E" title="阿肯色州 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿肯色州" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Arkansas" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanzas" title="Arkanzas – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Arkanzas" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1612#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Arkansas&params=35_N_92_W_dim:300000_region:US-AR_type:adm1st&title=State+of+Arkansas"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°N</span> <span class="longitude">92°W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35°N 92°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35; -92</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">State of Arkansas</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">U.S. state</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the U.S. state. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Arkansas (disambiguation)">Arkansas (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State in the United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Arkansas</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Arkansas.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Arkansas"><img alt="Flag of Arkansas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/125px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/188px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/250px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Arkansas" title="Flag of Arkansas">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Arkansas.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Arkansas"><img alt="Official seal of Arkansas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Seal_of_Arkansas.svg/100px-Seal_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Seal_of_Arkansas.svg/150px-Seal_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Seal_of_Arkansas.svg/200px-Seal_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="396" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_Arkansas" title="Great Seal of Arkansas">Seal</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_nicknames" title="List of U.S. state and territory nicknames">Nicknames</a>: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">The Natural State (current)<br />Land of Opportunity (former)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_mottos" title="List of U.S. state and territory mottos">Motto</a>: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><i><a href="/wiki/Regnat_populus" class="mw-redirect" title="Regnat populus">Regnat populus</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>: The People Rule)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_songs" title="List of U.S. state songs">Anthem:</a> "<a href="/wiki/Arkansas_(song)" title="Arkansas (song)">Arkansas</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Arkansas_(You_Run_Deep_in_Me)" title="Arkansas (You Run Deep in Me)">Arkansas (You Run Deep in Me)</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Oh,_Arkansas" title="Oh, Arkansas">Oh, Arkansas</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/The_Arkansas_Traveler_(song)" title="The Arkansas Traveler (song)">The Arkansas Traveler</a>"</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arkansas_in_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Arkansas within the United States"><img alt="Location of Arkansas within the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Arkansas_in_United_States.svg/300px-Arkansas_in_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Arkansas_in_United_States.svg/450px-Arkansas_in_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Arkansas_in_United_States.svg/600px-Arkansas_in_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Arkansas within the United States</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Before statehood</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Territory" title="Arkansas Territory">Arkansas Territory</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union" title="List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union">Admitted to the Union</a></th><td class="infobox-data">June 15, 1836 (25th)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">Capital</a><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of largest cities of U.S. states and territories by population">and largest city</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_most_populous_counties_by_U.S._state" title="List of the most populous counties by U.S. state">Largest county or equivalent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_County,_Arkansas" title="Pulaski County, Arkansas">Pulaski</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Statistical_area_(United_States)" title="Statistical area (United States)">Largest metro</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_urban_areas" title="List of United States urban areas">urban</a> areas</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_Arkansas" title="Central Arkansas">Central Arkansas</a> <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Arkansas" title="Northwest Arkansas">Northwest Arkansas</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Arkansas">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Huckabee_Sanders" title="Sarah Huckabee Sanders">Sarah Huckabee Sanders</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Arkansas" title="Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas">Lieutenant Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Rutledge" title="Leslie Rutledge">Leslie Rutledge</a> (R)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislature</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_General_Assembly" title="Arkansas General Assembly">Arkansas General Assembly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">Upper house</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Senate" title="Arkansas Senate">Senate</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower house</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_House_of_Representatives" title="Arkansas House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">Judiciary</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Supreme_Court" title="Arkansas Supreme Court">Arkansas Supreme Court</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arkansas" title="List of United States senators from Arkansas">U.S. senators</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Boozman" title="John Boozman">John Boozman</a> (R)</span><br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Tom Cotton</a> (R)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Arkansas" title="List of United States representatives from Arkansas">U.S. House delegation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4 Republicans (<a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Arkansas" title="United States congressional delegations from Arkansas">list</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">53,179 sq mi (137,732 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">52,035 sq mi (134,771 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">1,143 sq mi (2,961 km<sup>2</sup>)  2.15%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_area" title="List of U.S. states and territories by area">29th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Dimensions<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Length</th><td class="infobox-data">240 mi (386 km)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Width</th><td class="infobox-data">270 mi (435 km)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">650 ft (200 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Mount_Magazine" title="Mount Magazine">Mount Magazine</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGS_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NAVD88_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAVD88-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,753 ft (839 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lowest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Ouachita_River" title="Ouachita River">Ouachita River</a> at <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> border</span><sup id="cite_ref-USGS_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NAVD88_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAVD88-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">55 ft (17 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2024)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Neutral increase"><img alt="Neutral increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Increase_Neutral.svg/11px-Increase_Neutral.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Increase_Neutral.svg/17px-Increase_Neutral.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Increase_Neutral.svg/22px-Increase_Neutral.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="347" data-file-height="346" /></span></span> 3,088,354<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population">33rd</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">57.9/sq mi (22.4/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">  • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States_by_population_density" title="List of states and territories of the United States by population density">35th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States" title="Household income in the United States">Median household income</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">$58,700 (2<span>0</span>23)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Income rank<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_income#States_and_territories_ranked_by_median_household_income" title="List of U.S. states and territories by income">48th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Adjectivals_and_demonyms_for_U.S._states" class="mw-redirect" title="Adjectivals and demonyms for U.S. states">Arkansan<br />Arkansawyer<br />Arkanite</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Language<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_States" title="Languages of the United States">Official language</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9206:00" title="UTC−06:00">UTC−06:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Time Zone (North America)">Central</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9205:00" title="UTC−05:00">UTC−05:00</a> (CDT)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_abbreviations" title="List of U.S. state and territory abbreviations">USPS abbreviation</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">AR</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:US" title="ISO 3166-2:US">US-AR</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_abbreviations" title="List of U.S. state and territory abbreviations">Traditional abbreviation</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Ark.</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Latitude</th><td class="infobox-data">33° 00′ N to 36° 30′ N</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Longitude</th><td class="infobox-data">89° 39′ W to 94° 37′ W</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arkansas.gov">arkansas<wbr />.gov</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1141396924">.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-none{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-center{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-title{font-size:120%}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-subheader{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cddeff}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-island{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cef2e0}</style><table class="infobox ib-region-symbols"><caption class="infobox-title">State symbols of Arkansas</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:85%; white-space:nowrap;"><span style="font-size:120%;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_state_symbols" title="List of Arkansas state symbols">List of state symbols</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Arkansas.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/250px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/375px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/500px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Arkansas" title="Flag of Arkansas">Flag of Arkansas</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Arkansas.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Seal_of_Arkansas.svg/150px-Seal_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Seal_of_Arkansas.svg/225px-Seal_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Seal_of_Arkansas.svg/300px-Seal_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="396" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal of Arkansas">Seal of Arkansas</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid">Living insignia</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_birds" title="List of U.S. state birds">Bird</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northern_mockingbird" title="Northern mockingbird">Mockingbird</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_insects" title="List of U.S. state insects">Butterfly</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diana_fritillary" title="Diana fritillary">Diana fritillary</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_flowers" title="List of U.S. state and territory flowers">Flower</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Apple" title="Apple">Apple</a> blossom</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_insects" title="List of U.S. state insects">Insect</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Western_honeybee" class="mw-redirect" title="Western honeybee">Western honeybee</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_mammals" title="List of U.S. state mammals">Mammal</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_deer" title="White-tailed deer">White-tailed deer</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_trees" title="List of U.S. state and territory trees">Tree</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pinus_taeda" title="Pinus taeda">Pine tree</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Vegetable</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">South Arkansas vine ripe pink tomato</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid">Inanimate insignia</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_beverages" title="List of U.S. state beverages">Beverage</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">Milk</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_dances" title="List of U.S. state dances">Dance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Square_dance" title="Square dance">Square dance</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_foods" title="List of U.S. state foods">Food</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pecan" title="Pecan">Pecan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_minerals,_rocks,_stones_and_gemstones" title="List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones">Gemstone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diamond" title="Diamond">Diamond</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_minerals,_rocks,_stones_and_gemstones" title="List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones">Mineral</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Quartz" title="Quartz">Quartz</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_minerals,_rocks,_stones_and_gemstones" title="List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones">Rock</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bauxite" title="Bauxite">Bauxite</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_soils" title="List of U.S. state soils">Soil</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stuttgart_(soil)" title="Stuttgart (soil)">Stuttgart</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_highways_in_the_United_States#State_highways" title="Numbered highways in the United States">State route marker</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arkansas_1.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Route marker"><img alt="Route marker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Arkansas_1.svg/85px-Arkansas_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Arkansas_1.svg/128px-Arkansas_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Arkansas_1.svg/170px-Arkansas_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="/wiki/50_State_quarters" title="50 State quarters">State quarter</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2003_AR_Proof.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Arkansas quarter dollar coin"><img alt="Arkansas quarter dollar coin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/2003_AR_Proof.png/85px-2003_AR_Proof.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/2003_AR_Proof.png/128px-2003_AR_Proof.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/2003_AR_Proof.png/169px-2003_AR_Proof.png 2x" data-file-width="1119" data-file-height="1123" /></a></span><div>Released in 2003</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_United_States_state_symbols" title="Lists of United States state symbols">Lists of United States state symbols</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Arkansas</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɔː/: 'au' in 'fraud'">ɔː</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/b\/b5\/En-us-Arkansas3.ogg\/En-us-Arkansas3.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-Arkansas3.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/En-us-Arkansas3.ogg/En-us-Arkansas3.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-Arkansas3.ogg" title="File:En-us-Arkansas3.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">AR</span>-kən-saw</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Arkansas_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arkansas-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a landlocked <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">state</a> in the <a href="/wiki/West_South_Central_region" class="mw-redirect" title="West South Central region">West South Central region</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wsc_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsc-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It borders <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> to the south, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> to the southwest, and <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> to the west. Its name derives from the <a href="/wiki/Osage_language" title="Osage language">Osage language</a>, and refers to their relatives, the <a href="/wiki/Quapaw" title="Quapaw">Quapaw</a> people.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state's diverse geography ranges from the mountainous regions of the <a href="/wiki/The_Ozarks" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ozarks">Ozark</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ouachita_Mountains" title="Ouachita Mountains">Ouachita Mountains</a>, which make up the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Interior_Highlands" title="U.S. Interior Highlands">U.S. Interior Highlands</a>, to the densely forested land in the south known as the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Timberlands" title="Arkansas Timberlands">Arkansas Timberlands</a>, to the eastern lowlands along the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Delta" title="Arkansas Delta">Arkansas Delta</a>. </p><p>Previously part of <a href="/wiki/French_Louisiana" title="French Louisiana">French Louisiana</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase" title="Louisiana Purchase">Louisiana Purchase</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Territory of Arkansas">Territory of Arkansas</a> was <a href="/wiki/Admitted_to_the_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Admitted to the Union">admitted to the Union</a> as the 25th state on June 15, 1836.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the Delta had been developed for cotton plantations, and landowners there largely depended on <a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States" title="Slavery in the United States">enslaved African Americans</a>' labor. In 1861, Arkansas seceded from the United States and joined the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>. On returning to the Union in 1868, Arkansas continued to suffer economically, due to its overreliance on the large-scale <a href="/wiki/Plantation_economy" title="Plantation economy">plantation economy</a>. Cotton remained the leading commodity crop, and the cotton market declined. Because farmers and businessmen did not diversify and there was little industrial investment, the state fell behind in economic opportunity. In the late 19th century, the state instituted various <a href="/wiki/Jim_Crow_laws" title="Jim Crow laws">Jim Crow laws</a> to disenfranchise and segregate the African-American population. <a href="/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White</a> interests dominated Arkansas's politics, with disenfranchisement of African Americans and refusal to reapportion the legislature; only after the federal legislation passed were more African Americans able to vote. During the <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">civil rights movement</a> of the 1950s and 1960s, Arkansas and particularly Little Rock were major battlegrounds for efforts to integrate schools. Following <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> in the 1940s, Arkansas began to diversify its economy and see prosperity. During the 1960s, the state became the base of the <a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Walmart</a> corporation, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_companies_by_revenue" title="List of largest companies by revenue">world's largest company by revenue</a>, headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Bentonville,_Arkansas" title="Bentonville, Arkansas">Bentonville</a>. </p><p>Arkansas is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_area" title="List of U.S. states and territories by area">29th largest by area</a> and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territories_by_population" title="List of U.S. states and territories by population">33rd most populous</a> state, with a population of just over three million at the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 census</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bureau_2021_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bureau_2021-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">capital</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Arkansas" title="List of municipalities in Arkansas">most populous city</a> is <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a>, in the central part of the state, a hub for transportation, business, culture, and government. The northwestern corner of the state, namely the <a href="/wiki/Fayetteville%E2%80%93Springdale%E2%80%93Rogers_Metropolitan_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Fayetteville–Springdale–Rogers Metropolitan Area">Fayetteville–Springdale–Rogers Metropolitan Area</a>, is a population, education, cultural, and economic center. The <a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith_metropolitan_area" title="Fort Smith metropolitan area">Fort Smith Metropolitan Area</a> is also an economic center and is known for its historic sites related to western expansion and the persecution of Native Americans.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest city in the state's eastern part is <a href="/wiki/Jonesboro,_Arkansas" title="Jonesboro, Arkansas">Jonesboro</a>. The largest city in the state's southeastern part is <a href="/wiki/Pine_Bluff,_Arkansas" title="Pine Bluff, Arkansas">Pine Bluff</a>. </p><p>In the 21st century, Arkansas's economy is based on service industries, aircraft, poultry, steel, and tourism, along with important commodity crops of cotton, <a href="/wiki/Soybeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Soybeans">soybeans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a>. The state supports a network of public <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">universities</a> and colleges, including two major university systems: <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_State_University_System" title="Arkansas State University System">Arkansas State University System</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas_System" title="University of Arkansas System">University of Arkansas System</a>. <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Arkansas" title="Culture of Arkansas">Arkansas's culture</a> is observable in museums, theaters, novels, television shows, restaurants, and athletic venues across the state. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-left"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-Arkansas.ogg" title="File:En-us-Arkansas.ogg">Pronunciation of Arkansas</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="En-us-Arkansas.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/En-us-Arkansas.ogg/En-us-Arkansas.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/En-us-Arkansas.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description"></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <p>The name <i>Arkansas</i> initially applied to the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas River</a>. It derives from a <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> term, <i>Arcansas</i>, their plural term for their transliteration of <i>akansa</i>, an <a href="/wiki/Algonquian_languages" title="Algonquian languages">Algonquian</a> term for the <a href="/wiki/Quapaw" title="Quapaw">Quapaw</a> people,<sup id="cite_ref-bright_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bright-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is believed to translate to "south wind people."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These were a <a href="/wiki/Dhegiha_Siouan" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhegiha Siouan">Dhegiha Siouan</a>-speaking people who settled in Arkansas around the 13th century. <i>Kansa</i> is likely also the root term for <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a>, which was named after the related <a href="/wiki/Kaw_people" title="Kaw people">Kaw people</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bright_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bright-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name has been pronounced and spelled in a variety of ways.<sup id="cite_ref-Arkansas_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arkansas-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1881, the state legislature defined the official pronunciation of Arkansas as having the final "s" be silent (as it would be in French). A dispute had arisen between the state's two senators over the pronunciation issue. One favored <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɔː/: 'au' in 'fraud'">ɔː</span></span>/</a></span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">AR</span>-kən-saw</i></a>), the other <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">ar-<span style="font-size:90%">KAN</span>-zəs</i></a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Arkansas_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arkansas-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2007, the state legislature passed a non-binding resolution declaring that the possessive form of the state's name is <i>Arkansas's</i>, which the state government has increasingly followed.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Arkansas" title="Special:EditPage/Arkansas">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Arkansas" title="History of Arkansas">History of Arkansas</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)" title="Louisiana (New France)">Louisiana (New France)</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_War" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">Treaty of Paris (1763)</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_Spain)" title="Louisiana (New Spain)">Louisiana (New Spain)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Aranjuez_(1801)" title="Treaty of Aranjuez (1801)">Treaty of Aranjuez (1801)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chromesun_toltec_mounds_photo01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Chromesun_toltec_mounds_photo01.jpg/220px-Chromesun_toltec_mounds_photo01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Chromesun_toltec_mounds_photo01.jpg/330px-Chromesun_toltec_mounds_photo01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Chromesun_toltec_mounds_photo01.jpg/440px-Chromesun_toltec_mounds_photo01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="575" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Platform_mound" title="Platform mound">Platform mounds</a> were constructed frequently during the <a href="/wiki/Woodland_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodland Period">Woodland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mississippian_culture" title="Mississippian culture">Mississippian periods</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Before European settlement of North America, Arkansas was inhabited by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. The <a href="/wiki/Caddo" title="Caddo">Caddo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osage_Nation" title="Osage Nation">Osage</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Quapaw" title="Quapaw">Quapaw</a> peoples encountered European explorers. The first of these Europeans was Spanish explorer <a href="/wiki/Hernando_de_Soto_(explorer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hernando de Soto (explorer)">Hernando de Soto</a> in 1541, who crossed the Mississippi and marched across central Arkansas and the Ozark Mountains. After finding nothing he considered of value and encountering native resistance the entire way, he and his men returned to the Mississippi River where de Soto fell ill. From his deathbed he ordered his men to massacre all the men of the nearby village of Anilco, who he feared had been plotting with a powerful polity down the Mississippi River, <i><a href="/wiki/Quigualtam" title="Quigualtam">Quigualtam</a></i>. His men obeyed and did not stop with the men, but were said to have massacred women and children as well. He died the following day in what is believed to be the vicinity of modern-day <a href="/wiki/McArthur,_Arkansas" title="McArthur, Arkansas">McArthur, Arkansas</a>, in May 1542. His body was weighted down with sand and he was consigned to a watery grave in the Mississippi River under cover of darkness by his men. De Soto had attempted to deceive the native population into thinking he was an immortal deity, sun of the sun, in order to forestall attack by outraged Native Americans on his by then weakened and bedraggled army. In order to keep the ruse up, his men informed the locals that de Soto had ascended into the sky. His will at the time of his death listed "four Indian slaves, three horses and 700 hogs" which were auctioned off. The starving men, who had been living off maize stolen from natives, immediately started butchering the hogs and later, commanded by former <a href="/wiki/Aide-de-camp" title="Aide-de-camp">aide-de-camp</a> Moscoso, attempted an overland return to Mexico. They made it as far as Texas before running into territory too dry for maize farming and too thinly populated to sustain themselves by stealing food from the locals. The expedition promptly backtracked to Arkansas. After building a small fleet of boats they then headed down the Mississippi River and eventually on to Mexico by water.<sup id="cite_ref-HUDSONKNIGHTS_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HUDSONKNIGHTS-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later explorers included the French <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Marquette" title="Jacques Marquette">Jacques Marquette</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louis_Jolliet" title="Louis Jolliet">Louis Jolliet</a> in 1673, and Frenchmen <a href="/wiki/Robert_La_Salle" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert La Salle">Robert La Salle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Tonti" title="Henri de Tonti">Henri de Tonti</a> in 1681.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tonti established <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Post" title="Arkansas Post">Arkansas Post</a> at a Quapaw village in 1686, making it the first European settlement in the territory.<sup id="cite_ref-ce_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The early Spanish or French explorers of the state gave it its name, which is probably a phonetic spelling of the <a href="/wiki/Illinois_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Illinois language">Illinois</a> tribe's name for the <a href="/wiki/Quapaw" title="Quapaw">Quapaw</a> people, who lived downriver from them.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Arkansas_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arkansas-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name Arkansas has been pronounced and spelled in a variety of fashions. The region was organized as the <a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Arkansaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Territory of Arkansaw">Territory of Arkansaw</a> on July 4, 1819, with the territory admitted to the United States as the state of Arkansas on June 15, 1836. The name was historically <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɔː/: 'au' in 'fraud'">ɔː</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>, and several other variants. Historically and modernly, the people of Arkansas call themselves either "Arkansans" or "Arkansawyers". In 1881, the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_General_Assembly" title="Arkansas General Assembly">Arkansas General Assembly</a> passed Arkansas Code 1-4-105 (official text): </p> <blockquote><p>Whereas, confusion of practice has arisen in the pronunciation of the name of our state and it is deemed important that the true pronunciation should be determined for use in oral official proceedings.</p></blockquote> <blockquote><p>And, whereas, the matter has been thoroughly investigated by the State Historical Society and the Eclectic Society of Little Rock, which have agreed upon the correct pronunciation as derived from history, and the early usage of the American immigrants.</p></blockquote> <blockquote><p>Be it therefore resolved by both houses of the General Assembly, that the only true pronunciation of the name of the state, in the opinion of this body, is that received by the French from the native Indians and committed to writing in the French word representing the sound. It should be pronounced in three (3) syllables, with the final "s" silent, the "a" in each syllable with the Italian sound, and the accent on the first and last syllables. The pronunciation with the accent on the second syllable with the sound of "a" in "man" and the sounding of the terminal "s" is an innovation to be discouraged.</p></blockquote> <p>Citizens of the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Kansas" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Kansas">state of Kansas</a> often pronounce the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas River</a> as <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>, in a manner similar to the common pronunciation of the name of their state. </p><p>Settlers, such as fur trappers, moved to Arkansas in the early 18th century. These people used Arkansas Post as a home base and <a href="/wiki/Entrep%C3%B4t" title="Entrepôt">entrepôt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ce_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ce-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the colonial period, Arkansas changed hands between <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a>, although neither showed interest in the remote settlement of Arkansas Post.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 1783, Arkansas saw its only battle of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>, a brief <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arkansas_Post_(American_Revolutionary_War)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Arkansas Post (American Revolutionary War)">siege</a> of the post by British Captain James Colbert with the assistance of the <a href="/wiki/Choctaw" title="Choctaw">Choctaw</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chickasaw" title="Chickasaw">Chickasaw</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Purchase_and_statehood">Purchase and statehood</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase" title="Louisiana Purchase">Louisiana Purchase</a>, <a href="/wiki/District_of_Louisiana" title="District of Louisiana">District of Louisiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Territory" title="Louisiana Territory">Louisiana Territory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri_Territory" title="Missouri Territory">Missouri Territory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Organic_act#List_of_organic_acts" title="Organic act">Organic act § List of organic acts</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Territory" title="Arkansas Territory">Arkansas Territory</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arkansasterritory.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Arkansasterritory.PNG/220px-Arkansasterritory.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Arkansasterritory.PNG/330px-Arkansasterritory.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Arkansasterritory.PNG/440px-Arkansasterritory.PNG 2x" data-file-width="453" data-file-height="206" /></a><figcaption>Map of the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Territory" title="Arkansas Territory">Arkansas Territory</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon Bonaparte</a> sold <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)" title="Louisiana (New France)">French Louisiana</a> to the United States in 1803, including all of Arkansas, in a transaction known today as the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase" title="Louisiana Purchase">Louisiana Purchase</a>. French soldiers remained as a garrison at <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Post" title="Arkansas Post">Arkansas Post</a>. Following the purchase, the balanced give-and-take relationship between settlers and Native Americans began to change all along the frontier, including in Arkansas.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following <a href="/wiki/Missouri_compromise" class="mw-redirect" title="Missouri compromise">a controversy over allowing slavery in the territory</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Territory of Arkansas">Territory of Arkansas</a> was organized on July 4, 1819.<sup id="cite_ref-Arkansas_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arkansas-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gradual emancipation in Arkansas was struck down by one vote, the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the House</a> <a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Henry Clay</a>, allowing Arkansas to organize as a slave territory.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States" title="Slavery in the United States">Slavery</a> became a wedge issue in Arkansas, forming a geographic divide that remained for decades. Owners and operators of the cotton <a href="/wiki/Plantation_economy" title="Plantation economy">plantation economy</a> in southeast Arkansas firmly supported slavery, as they perceived <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slave labor</a> as the best or "only" economically viable method of harvesting their commodity crops.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "hill country" of northwest Arkansas was unable to grow cotton and relied on a cash-scarce, <a href="/wiki/Subsistence_farming" class="mw-redirect" title="Subsistence farming">subsistence farming</a> economy.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arkansas_Centennial_state_houses_single,_3c,_1936_issue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Arkansas_Centennial_state_houses_single%2C_3c%2C_1936_issue.jpg/310px-Arkansas_Centennial_state_houses_single%2C_3c%2C_1936_issue.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Arkansas_Centennial_state_houses_single%2C_3c%2C_1936_issue.jpg/465px-Arkansas_Centennial_state_houses_single%2C_3c%2C_1936_issue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Arkansas_Centennial_state_houses_single%2C_3c%2C_1936_issue.jpg/620px-Arkansas_Centennial_state_houses_single%2C_3c%2C_1936_issue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1208" data-file-height="776" /></a><figcaption>Arkansas statehood, 100th anniversary issue; released on June 15, 1936, on the 100th anniversary of Arkansas statehood. The old state house is depicted at center, the fort surrounding the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Post" title="Arkansas Post">Arkansas Post</a> at left with the present day state capitol building at right.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>As European Americans settled throughout the East Coast and into the Midwest, in the 1830s the United States government forced the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Removal" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Removal">removal</a> of many <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> tribes to Arkansas and <a href="/wiki/Indian_Territory" title="Indian Territory">Indian Territory</a> west of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>. </p><p>Additional Native American removals began in earnest during the territorial period, with final Quapaw removal complete by 1833 as they were pushed into Indian Territory.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The capital was relocated from Arkansas Post to <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a> in 1821, during the territorial period.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Admission_to_the_Union" title="Admission to the Union">Admission to the Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union" title="List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union">List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union</a></div> <p>When Arkansas applied for statehood, the slavery issue was again raised in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> Congress eventually approved the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkansas Constitution">Arkansas Constitution</a> after a 25-hour session, admitting Arkansas on June 15, 1836, as the 25th state and the 13th <a href="/wiki/Slave_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Slave state">slave state</a>, having a population of about 60,000.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkansas struggled with taxation to support its new state government, a problem made worse by <a href="/wiki/Holford_Bonds" title="Holford Bonds">a state banking scandal</a> and worse yet by the <a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1837" title="Panic of 1837">Panic of 1837</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil_War_and_Reconstruction">Civil War and Reconstruction</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Ordinance_of_Secession" title="Ordinance of Secession">Ordinance of Secession</a>, <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Arkansas in the American Civil War">Arkansas in the American Civil War</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lakeport_Plantation,_Lake_Village,_Chicot_County,_Arkansas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Lakeport_Plantation%2C_Lake_Village%2C_Chicot_County%2C_Arkansas.jpg/290px-Lakeport_Plantation%2C_Lake_Village%2C_Chicot_County%2C_Arkansas.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Lakeport_Plantation%2C_Lake_Village%2C_Chicot_County%2C_Arkansas.jpg/435px-Lakeport_Plantation%2C_Lake_Village%2C_Chicot_County%2C_Arkansas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Lakeport_Plantation%2C_Lake_Village%2C_Chicot_County%2C_Arkansas.jpg/580px-Lakeport_Plantation%2C_Lake_Village%2C_Chicot_County%2C_Arkansas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/Lakeport_Plantation" title="Lakeport Plantation">Lakeport Plantation</a>, built <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1859</span></figcaption></figure> <p>In early antebellum Arkansas, the southeast Arkansas slave-based economy developed rapidly. On the eve of the American Civil War in 1860, enslaved African Americans numbered 111,115 people, just over 25% of the state's population.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A plantation system based largely on cotton agriculture developed that, after the war, kept the state and region behind the nation for decades.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The wealth developed among planters of southeast Arkansas caused a political rift between the northwest and southeast.<sup id="cite_ref-bol_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bol-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many politicians were elected to office from <a href="/wiki/The_Family_(Arkansas_politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Family (Arkansas politics)">the Family</a>, the Southern rights political force in antebellum Arkansas. Residents generally wanted to avoid a civil war. When the Gulf states seceded in early 1861, delegates to a convention called to determine whether Arkansas should secede referred the question back to the voters for a referendum to be held in August.<sup id="cite_ref-bol_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bol-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkansas did not secede until <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> demanded Arkansas troops be sent to <a href="/wiki/Fort_Sumter" title="Fort Sumter">Fort Sumter</a> to quell <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Sumter" title="Battle of Fort Sumter">the rebellion there</a>. On May 6, the members of the state convention, having been recalled by the convention president, voted to terminate Arkansas's membership in the Union and join the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bol_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bol-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cannons_from_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge,_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Cannons_from_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge%2C_2016.jpg/290px-Cannons_from_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge%2C_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Cannons_from_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge%2C_2016.jpg/435px-Cannons_from_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge%2C_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Cannons_from_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge%2C_2016.jpg/580px-Cannons_from_Battle_of_Pea_Ridge%2C_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Cannons at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pea_Ridge" title="Battle of Pea Ridge">Battle of Pea Ridge</a> site</figcaption></figure> <p>Arkansas held a very important position for the Rebels, maintaining control of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> and surrounding Southern states. The bloody <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wilson%27s_Creek" title="Battle of Wilson's Creek">Battle of Wilson's Creek</a> just across the border in Missouri shocked many Arkansans who thought the war would be a quick and decisive Southern victory. Battles early in the war took place in northwest Arkansas, including the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cane_Hill" title="Battle of Cane Hill">Battle of Cane Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pea_Ridge" title="Battle of Pea Ridge">Battle of Pea Ridge</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Prairie_Grove" title="Battle of Prairie Grove">Battle of Prairie Grove</a>. Union general <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ryan_Curtis" title="Samuel Ryan Curtis">Samuel Curtis</a> swept across the state to <a href="/wiki/Helena-West_Helena,_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena-West Helena, Arkansas">Helena</a> in the Delta in 1862. Little Rock was captured the following year. The government shifted the state Confederate capital to <a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs,_Arkansas" title="Hot Springs, Arkansas">Hot Springs</a>, and then again to <a href="/wiki/Washington,_Arkansas" title="Washington, Arkansas">Washington</a> from 1863 to 1865, for the remainder of the war. Throughout the state, <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerrilla">guerrilla</a> warfare ravaged the countryside and destroyed cities.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Passion for the Confederate cause waned after implementation of programs such as the draft, high taxes, and martial law. </p><p>Under the <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era#Military_Reconstruction" title="Reconstruction era">Military Reconstruction Act</a>, Congress declared Arkansas restored to the Union in June 1868, after the Legislature accepted the 14th Amendment. The Republican-controlled reconstruction legislature established universal male suffrage (though temporarily disfranchising former Confederate Army officers, who were all Democrats), a public education system for blacks and whites, and passed general issues to improve the state and help more of the population. The State soon came under control of the <a href="/wiki/Radical_Republicans" title="Radical Republicans">Radical Republicans</a> and Unionists, and led by Governor <a href="/wiki/Powell_Clayton" title="Powell Clayton">Powell Clayton</a>, they presided over a time of great upheaval as Confederate sympathizers and the <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a> fought the new developments, particularly voting rights for African Americans. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="End_of_Reconstruction_and_late_19th_century">End of Reconstruction and late 19th century</h3></div> <p>In 1874, the <a href="/wiki/Brooks-Baxter_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooks-Baxter War">Brooks-Baxter War</a>, a political struggle between factions of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Republican_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Republican Party">Republican Party</a> shook Little Rock and the state governorship. It was settled only when President <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a> ordered <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brooks_(politician)" title="Joseph Brooks (politician)">Joseph Brooks</a> to disperse his militant supporters.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the Brooks-Baxter War, a new state constitution was ratified, re-enfranchising former Confederates and effectively bringing an end to Reconstruction. </p><p>In 1881, the Arkansas state legislature enacted a bill that adopted an official pronunciation of the state's name, to combat a controversy then simmering. (See Law and Government below.) </p><p>After Reconstruction, the state began to receive more <a href="/wiki/Immigrants" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigrants">immigrants</a> and <a href="/wiki/Migrant_worker" title="Migrant worker">migrants</a>. Chinese, <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Syrian" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian">Syrian</a> men were recruited for farm labor in the developing Delta region. None of these nationalities stayed long at farm labor; the Chinese especially, as they quickly became small merchants in towns around the Delta. Many Chinese became such successful merchants in small towns that they were able to educate their children at college.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Construction of railroads enabled more farmers to get their products to market. It also brought new development into different parts of the state, including the Ozarks, where some areas were developed as resorts. In a few years at the end of the 19th century, for instance, <a href="/wiki/Eureka_Springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Eureka Springs">Eureka Springs</a> in <a href="/wiki/Carroll_County,_Arkansas" title="Carroll County, Arkansas">Carroll County</a> grew to 10,000 people, rapidly becoming a tourist destination and the fourth-largest city of the state. It featured newly constructed, elegant resort hotels and spas planned around its natural springs, considered to have healthful properties. The town's attractions included horse racing and other entertainment. It appealed to a wide variety of classes, becoming almost as popular as <a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs,_Arkansas" title="Hot Springs, Arkansas">Hot Springs</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rise_of_the_Jim_Crow_laws_and_early_20th_century">Rise of the Jim Crow laws and early 20th century</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Elaine_massacre" title="Elaine massacre">Elaine massacre</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Colored_boys_playing_on_top_of_Coca_Cola_stand._Little_Rock,_Arkansas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Colored_boys_playing_on_top_of_Coca_Cola_stand._Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas.jpg/170px-Colored_boys_playing_on_top_of_Coca_Cola_stand._Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Colored_boys_playing_on_top_of_Coca_Cola_stand._Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas.jpg/255px-Colored_boys_playing_on_top_of_Coca_Cola_stand._Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Colored_boys_playing_on_top_of_Coca_Cola_stand._Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas.jpg/340px-Colored_boys_playing_on_top_of_Coca_Cola_stand._Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6992" data-file-height="8614" /></a><figcaption>A group of <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a> boys in <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a> in 1938.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the late 1880s, the worsening agricultural depression catalyzed Populist and third party movements, leading to interracial coalitions. Struggling to stay in power, in the 1890s the Democrats in Arkansas followed other Southern states in passing legislation and constitutional amendments that <a href="/wiki/Disfranchisement_after_Reconstruction_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Disfranchisement after Reconstruction era">disfranchised</a> blacks and poor whites. In 1891 state legislators passed a requirement for a <a href="/wiki/Literacy_test" title="Literacy test">literacy test</a>, knowing it would exclude many blacks and whites. At the time, more than 25% of the population could neither read nor write. In 1892, they amended the state constitution to require a <a href="/wiki/Poll_tax_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Poll tax (United States)">poll tax</a> and more complex residency requirements, both of which adversely affected poor people and sharecroppers, forcing most blacks and many poor whites from voter rolls. </p><p>By 1900 the Democratic Party expanded use of the <a href="/wiki/White_primary" title="White primary">white primary</a> in county and state elections, further denying blacks a part in the political process. Only in the primary was there any competition among candidates, as Democrats held all the power. The state was a Democratic one-party state for decades, until after passage of the federal <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964" title="Civil Rights Act of 1964">Civil Rights Act of 1964</a> and <a href="/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965" title="Voting Rights Act of 1965">Voting Rights Act of 1965</a> to enforce constitutional rights.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1905 and 1911, Arkansas began to receive a small immigration of <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">German</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovaks" title="Slovaks">Slovak</a>, and Scots-Irish from Europe. The German and Slovak peoples settled in the eastern part of the state known as the <a href="/wiki/Prairie" title="Prairie">Prairie</a>, and the Irish founded small communities in the southeast part of the state. The Germans were mostly Lutheran and the Slovaks were primarily Catholic. The Irish were mostly Protestant from <a href="/wiki/Ulster" title="Ulster">Ulster</a>, of Scots and Northern Borders descent. Some early 20th-century immigration included people from eastern Europe. Together, these immigrants made the Delta more diverse than the rest of the state. In the same years, some black migrants moved into the area because of opportunities to develop the bottomlands and own their own property. </p><p>Black sharecroppers began to try to organize a farmers' union after World War<span class="nowrap"> </span>I. They were seeking better conditions of payment and accounting from white landowners of the area cotton plantations. Whites resisted any change and often tried to break up their meetings. On September 30, 1919, two white men, including a local deputy, tried to break up a meeting of black sharecroppers who were trying to organize a farmers' union. After a white deputy was killed in a confrontation with guards at the meeting, word spread to town and around the area.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Hundreds of whites from Phillips and neighboring areas rushed to suppress the blacks, and started attacking blacks at large. <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Arkansas">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hillman_Brough" title="Charles Hillman Brough">Charles Hillman Brough</a> requested federal troops to stop what was called the <a href="/wiki/Elaine_massacre" title="Elaine massacre">Elaine massacre</a>. White mobs spread throughout the county, killing an estimated 237 blacks before most of the violence was suppressed after October 1.<sup id="cite_ref-encyclopediaofarkansas.net_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyclopediaofarkansas.net-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Five whites also died in the incident. The governor accompanied the troops to the scene; President <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> had approved their use. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arkansas_State_Planning_Board_Areas_Inundated_by_Flood_in_1927.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Arkansas_State_Planning_Board_Areas_Inundated_by_Flood_in_1927.jpg/220px-Arkansas_State_Planning_Board_Areas_Inundated_by_Flood_in_1927.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Arkansas_State_Planning_Board_Areas_Inundated_by_Flood_in_1927.jpg/330px-Arkansas_State_Planning_Board_Areas_Inundated_by_Flood_in_1927.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Arkansas_State_Planning_Board_Areas_Inundated_by_Flood_in_1927.jpg/440px-Arkansas_State_Planning_Board_Areas_Inundated_by_Flood_in_1927.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1761" data-file-height="1450" /></a><figcaption>Map of the flood of 1927 in Arkansas</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Great_Mississippi_Flood_of_1927" title="Great Mississippi Flood of 1927">Great Mississippi Flood of 1927</a> flooded the areas along the Ouachita Rivers along with many other rivers. </p><p>Based on the order of President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> given shortly after <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Japan">Imperial Japan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">attack on Pearl Harbor</a>, nearly 16,000 <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Americans" title="Japanese Americans">Japanese Americans</a> were forcibly removed from the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast of the United States</a> and incarcerated in two internment camps in the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Delta" title="Arkansas Delta">Arkansas Delta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-encyclopedia_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyclopedia-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Rohwer_War_Relocation_Center" title="Rohwer War Relocation Center">Rohwer Camp</a> in <a href="/wiki/Desha_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Desha County">Desha County</a> operated from September 1942 to November 1945 and at its peak interned 8,475 prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-encyclopedia_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyclopedia-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Jerome_War_Relocation_Center" title="Jerome War Relocation Center">Jerome War Relocation Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Drew_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Drew County">Drew County</a> operated from October 1942 to June 1944 and held about 8,000.<sup id="cite_ref-encyclopedia_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyclopedia-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fall_of_segregation">Fall of segregation</h3></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a> ruled segregation in public schools unconstitutional in <a href="/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education" title="Brown v. Board of Education"><i>Brown </i>v.<i> Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas</i></a> (1954), some students worked to integrate schools in the state. The <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_Nine" title="Little Rock Nine">Little Rock Nine</a> brought Arkansas to national attention in 1957 when the federal government had to intervene to protect African-American students trying to integrate a high school in the capital. Governor <a href="/wiki/Orval_Faubus" title="Orval Faubus">Orval Faubus</a> had ordered the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_National_Guard" title="Arkansas National Guard">Arkansas National Guard</a> to help segregationists prevent nine African-American students from enrolling at Little Rock's Central High School. After attempting three times to contact Faubus, President <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> sent 1,000 troops from the active-duty 101st Airborne Division to escort and protect the African-American students as they entered school on September 25, 1957. In defiance of federal court orders to integrate, the governor and city of Little Rock decided to close the high schools for the remainder of the school year. By the fall of 1959, the Little Rock high schools were completely integrated.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Arkansas" title="Geography of Arkansas">Geography of Arkansas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boxley_Valley_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Boxley_Valley_001.jpg/220px-Boxley_Valley_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Boxley_Valley_001.jpg/330px-Boxley_Valley_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Boxley_Valley_001.jpg/440px-Boxley_Valley_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2984" data-file-height="1996" /></a><figcaption>View from the <a href="/wiki/Ozark_Highlands_Scenic_Byway" class="mw-redirect" title="Ozark Highlands Scenic Byway">Ozark Highlands Scenic Byway</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boxley_Valley_Historic_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxley Valley Historic District">Boxley Valley</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Boundaries">Boundaries</h3></div> <p>Arkansas borders <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> to the south, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> to the southwest, <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> to the north, and <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> to the east. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> classifies Arkansas as a <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">southern</a> state, sub-categorized among the <a href="/wiki/West_South_Central_States" class="mw-redirect" title="West South Central States">West South Central States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wsc_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsc-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> forms most of its eastern border, except in <a href="/wiki/Clay_County,_Arkansas" title="Clay County, Arkansas">Clay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greene_County,_Arkansas" title="Greene County, Arkansas">Greene</a> counties, where the <a href="/wiki/St._Francis_River" title="St. Francis River">St. Francis River</a> forms the western boundary of the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_Bootheel" title="Missouri Bootheel">Missouri Bootheel</a>, and in many places where the channel of the Mississippi has meandered (or been straightened by man) from its original 1836 course.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Terrain">Terrain</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg/220px-Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg/330px-Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg/440px-Buffalo_national_river_steel_creek_overlook.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5964" data-file-height="2798" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Ozarks" title="Ozarks">Ozarks</a> rise behind a bend in the <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo River</a> from an overlook on the Buffalo River Trail.</figcaption></figure> <p>Arkansas can generally be split into two halves, the highlands in the northwest and the lowlands of the southeast.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The highlands are part of the Southern Interior Highlands, including <a href="/wiki/The_Ozarks" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ozarks">The Ozarks</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ouachita_Mountains" title="Ouachita Mountains">Ouachita Mountains</a>. The southern lowlands include the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coastal_Plain" title="Gulf Coastal Plain">Gulf Coastal Plain</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Delta" title="Arkansas Delta">Arkansas Delta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This split can yield to a regional division into northwest, southwest, northeast, southeast, and central Arkansas. These regions are broad and not defined along county lines. Arkansas has seven distinct natural regions: the Ozark Mountains, Ouachita Mountains, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River_Valley" title="Arkansas River Valley">Arkansas River Valley</a>, Gulf Coastal Plain, <a href="/wiki/Crowley%27s_Ridge" title="Crowley's Ridge">Crowley's Ridge</a>, and the Arkansas Delta, with <a href="/wiki/Central_Arkansas" title="Central Arkansas">Central Arkansas</a> sometimes included as a blend of multiple regions.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arkansas_Delta,_Desha_County,_AR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Arkansas_Delta%2C_Desha_County%2C_AR.jpg/220px-Arkansas_Delta%2C_Desha_County%2C_AR.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Arkansas_Delta%2C_Desha_County%2C_AR.jpg/330px-Arkansas_Delta%2C_Desha_County%2C_AR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Arkansas_Delta%2C_Desha_County%2C_AR.jpg/440px-Arkansas_Delta%2C_Desha_County%2C_AR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>The flat terrain and rich soils of the Arkansas Delta near <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_City,_Arkansas" title="Arkansas City, Arkansas">Arkansas City</a> are in stark contrast to the northwestern part of the state.</figcaption></figure> <p>The southeastern part of Arkansas along the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Alluvial_Plain" title="Mississippi Alluvial Plain">Mississippi Alluvial Plain</a> is sometimes called the Arkansas Delta. This region is a flat landscape of <a href="/wiki/River_delta" title="River delta">rich alluvial soils formed by repeated flooding</a> of the adjacent Mississippi. Farther from the river, in the southeastern part of the state, the Grand Prairie has a more undulating landscape. Both are fertile agricultural areas. The Delta region is bisected by a geological formation known as <a href="/wiki/Crowley%27s_Ridge" title="Crowley's Ridge">Crowley's Ridge</a>. A narrow band of rolling hills, Crowley's Ridge rises 250 to 500 feet (76 to 152 m) above the surrounding alluvial plain and underlies many of eastern Arkansas's major towns.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Northwest Arkansas is part of the <a href="/wiki/Ozark_Plateau" class="mw-redirect" title="Ozark Plateau">Ozark Plateau</a> including the <a href="/wiki/Ozark_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Ozark Mountains">Ozark Mountains</a>, to the south are the <a href="/wiki/Ouachita_Mountains" title="Ouachita Mountains">Ouachita Mountains</a>, and these regions are divided by the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas River</a>; the southern and eastern parts of Arkansas are called the Lowlands.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These mountain ranges are part of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Interior_Highlands" title="U.S. Interior Highlands">U.S. Interior Highlands</a> region, the only major mountainous region between the <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountains" title="Rocky Mountains">Rocky Mountains</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachian Mountains</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state's highest point is <a href="/wiki/Mount_Magazine" title="Mount Magazine">Mount Magazine</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Ouachita_Mountains" title="Ouachita Mountains">Ouachita Mountains</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is 2,753 feet (839 m) above sea level.<sup id="cite_ref-sh_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sh-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cedar_Falls_Trail,_Petit_Jean_State_Park_010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Cedar_Falls_Trail%2C_Petit_Jean_State_Park_010.jpg/220px-Cedar_Falls_Trail%2C_Petit_Jean_State_Park_010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Cedar_Falls_Trail%2C_Petit_Jean_State_Park_010.jpg/330px-Cedar_Falls_Trail%2C_Petit_Jean_State_Park_010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Cedar_Falls_Trail%2C_Petit_Jean_State_Park_010.jpg/440px-Cedar_Falls_Trail%2C_Petit_Jean_State_Park_010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Cedar Falls in <a href="/wiki/Petit_Jean_State_Park" title="Petit Jean State Park">Petit Jean State Park</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Arkansas is home to many <a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_in_Arkansas" title="List of caves in Arkansas">caves</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Blanchard_Springs_Caverns" title="Blanchard Springs Caverns">Blanchard Springs Caverns</a>. The State Archeologist has catalogued more than 43,000 Native American living, hunting and tool-making sites, many of them Pre-Columbian burial mounds and rock shelters. <a href="/wiki/Crater_of_Diamonds_State_Park" title="Crater of Diamonds State Park">Crater of Diamonds State Park</a> near <a href="/wiki/Murfreesboro,_Arkansas" title="Murfreesboro, Arkansas">Murfreesboro</a> is the world's only diamond-bearing site accessible to the public for digging.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkansas is home to a dozen Wilderness Areas totaling 158,444 acres (641.20 km<sup>2</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These areas are set aside for outdoor recreation and are open to hunting, fishing, hiking, and primitive camping. No mechanized vehicles nor developed campgrounds are allowed in these areas.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrology">Hydrology</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buffalo_National_River.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Buffalo_National_River.jpg/220px-Buffalo_National_River.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Buffalo_National_River.jpg/330px-Buffalo_National_River.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Buffalo_National_River.jpg 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="180" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo National River</a> is one of many attractions that give the state its nickname, <i>The Natural State</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Arkansas has many rivers, lakes, and reservoirs within or along its borders. Major tributaries to the Mississippi River include the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas River</a>, the <a href="/wiki/White_River_(Arkansas)" class="mw-redirect" title="White River (Arkansas)">White River</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/St._Francis_River" title="St. Francis River">St. Francis River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Federal_Writers_1987,_p._8_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Federal_Writers_1987,_p._8-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Arkansas is fed by the <a href="/wiki/Mulberry_River_(Arkansas)" title="Mulberry River (Arkansas)">Mulberry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fourche_La_Fave_River" title="Fourche La Fave River">Fourche LaFave Rivers</a> in the Arkansas River Valley, which is also home to <a href="/wiki/Lake_Dardanelle" title="Lake Dardanelle">Lake Dardanelle</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Little_Red_River_(Arkansas)" title="Little Red River (Arkansas)">Little Red</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_River_(Arkansas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Black River (Arkansas)">Black</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cache_River_(Arkansas)" title="Cache River (Arkansas)">Cache Rivers</a> are all tributaries to the <a href="/wiki/White_River_(Arkansas)" class="mw-redirect" title="White River (Arkansas)">White River</a>, which also empties into the Mississippi. <a href="/wiki/Bayou_Bartholomew" title="Bayou Bartholomew">Bayou Bartholomew</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Saline_River_(Ouachita_River)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saline River (Ouachita River)">Saline</a>, <a href="/wiki/Little_Missouri_River_(Arkansas)" title="Little Missouri River (Arkansas)">Little Missouri</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Caddo_River" title="Caddo River">Caddo Rivers</a> are all tributaries to the <a href="/wiki/Ouachita_River" title="Ouachita River">Ouachita River</a> in south Arkansas, <a href="/wiki/Old_River_Control_Structure" title="Old River Control Structure">which empties into the Mississippi</a> in Louisiana. The <a href="/wiki/Red_River_of_the_South" title="Red River of the South">Red River</a> briefly forms the state's boundary with Texas.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkansas has few natural lakes and many reservoirs,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="This term requires quantification. (August 2016)">quantify</span></a></i>]</sup> such as <a href="/wiki/Bull_Shoals_Lake" title="Bull Shoals Lake">Bull Shoals Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Ouachita" title="Lake Ouachita">Lake Ouachita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greers_Ferry_Lake" title="Greers Ferry Lake">Greers Ferry Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Millwood_Lake" title="Millwood Lake">Millwood Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beaver_Lake_(Arkansas)" title="Beaver Lake (Arkansas)">Beaver Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norfork_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Norfork Lake">Norfork Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/DeGray_Lake" title="DeGray Lake">DeGray Lake</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Conway" title="Lake Conway">Lake Conway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:White_River,_Arkansas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/White_River%2C_Arkansas.jpg/220px-White_River%2C_Arkansas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/White_River%2C_Arkansas.jpg/330px-White_River%2C_Arkansas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/White_River%2C_Arkansas.jpg/440px-White_River%2C_Arkansas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="878" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/White_River_(Arkansas)" class="mw-redirect" title="White River (Arkansas)">White River</a> in eastern Arkansas</figcaption></figure> <p>Arkansas's mix of warm temperate moist forest and subtropical bottomland is divided into three broad ecoregions: the <i>Ozark, Ouachita-Appalachian Forests</i>, the <i>Mississippi Alluvial and Southeast USA Coastal Plains</i>, and the <i>Southeastern USA Plains</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state is further divided into seven subregions: the Arkansas Valley, <a href="/wiki/Boston_Mountains" title="Boston Mountains">Boston Mountains</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Alluvial_Plain" title="Mississippi Alluvial Plain">Mississippi Alluvial Plain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crowley%27s_Ridge" title="Crowley's Ridge">Mississippi Valley Loess Plain</a>, Ozark Highlands, Ouachita Mountains, and the South Central Plains.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2010 <a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">United States Forest Service</a> survey determined 18,720,000 acres (7,580,000 ha) of Arkansas's land is forestland, or 56% of the state's total area.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dominant species in Arkansas's forests include <i><a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">Quercus</a></i> (oak), <i><a href="/wiki/Hickory" title="Hickory">Carya</a></i> (hickory), <i><a href="/wiki/Pinus_echinata" title="Pinus echinata">Pinus echinata</a></i> (shortleaf pine) and <i><a href="/wiki/Pinus_taeda" title="Pinus taeda">Pinus taeda</a></i> (loblolly pine).<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arkansas's plant life varies with its climate and elevation. The <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Timberlands" title="Arkansas Timberlands">pine belt</a> stretching from the Arkansas delta to Texas consists of dense oak-hickory-pine growth. Lumbering and paper milling activity is active throughout the region.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In eastern Arkansas, one can find <i><a href="/wiki/Taxodium" title="Taxodium">Taxodium</a> </i>(cypress), <i><a href="/wiki/Quercus_nigra" title="Quercus nigra">Quercus nigra</a></i> (water oaks), and hickories with their roots submerged in the Mississippi Valley bayous indicative of the Deep South. <a href="/wiki/Saw_palmetto" class="mw-redirect" title="Saw palmetto">Saw palmetto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Needle_palm" class="mw-redirect" title="Needle palm">needle palm</a> both range into Arkansas.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nearby Crowley's Ridge is the only home of the <a href="/wiki/Liriodendron" title="Liriodendron">tulip tree</a> in the state, and generally hosts more northeastern plant life such as the <a href="/wiki/Beech" title="Beech">beech</a> tree.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The northwestern highlands are covered in an oak-hickory mixture, with <a href="/wiki/Juniperus_ashei" title="Juniperus ashei">Ozark white cedars</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cornus_(genus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cornus (genus)">cornus</a></i> (dogwoods), and <i><a href="/wiki/Cercis_canadensis" title="Cercis canadensis">Cercis canadensis</a></i> (redbuds) also present. The higher peaks in the Arkansas River Valley play host to scores of ferns, including the <i><a href="/wiki/Physematium_scopulinum" title="Physematium scopulinum">Physematium scopulinum</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Adiantum" title="Adiantum">Adiantum</a></i> (maidenhair fern) on Mount Magazine.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The white-tailed deer is the official state mammal.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Arkansas" title="Climate change in Arkansas">Climate change in Arkansas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SnowstormPics1-9-2011_(14).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/SnowstormPics1-9-2011_%2814%29.jpg/220px-SnowstormPics1-9-2011_%2814%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/SnowstormPics1-9-2011_%2814%29.jpg/330px-SnowstormPics1-9-2011_%2814%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/SnowstormPics1-9-2011_%2814%29.jpg/440px-SnowstormPics1-9-2011_%2814%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Rare snowy winter at <a href="/wiki/Historic_Washington_State_Park" title="Historic Washington State Park">Historic Washington State Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hempstead_County,_Arkansas" title="Hempstead County, Arkansas">Hempstead County</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Arkansas generally has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a>. While not bordering the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a>, Arkansas, is still close enough to the warm, large body of water for it to influence the weather in the state. Generally, Arkansas, has hot, humid summers and slightly drier, mild to cool winters. In <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a>, the daily high temperatures average around 93 °F (34 °C) with lows around 73 °F (23 °C) in July. In January highs average around 51 °F (11 °C) and lows around 32 °F (0 °C). In <a href="/wiki/Siloam_Springs,_Arkansas" title="Siloam Springs, Arkansas">Siloam Springs</a> in the northwest part of the state, the average high and low temperatures in July are 89 and 67 °F (32 and 19 °C) and in January the average high and low are 44 and 23 °F (7 and −5 °C). Annual precipitation throughout the state averages between about 40 and 60 inches (1,000 and 1,500 mm); it is somewhat wetter in the south and drier in the northern part of the state.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Snowfall is infrequent but most common in the northern half of the state.<sup id="cite_ref-Federal_Writers_1987,_p._8_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Federal_Writers_1987,_p._8-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The half of the state south of Little Rock is more apt to see ice storms. Arkansas's record high is 120 °F (49 °C) at <a href="/wiki/Ozark,_Arkansas" title="Ozark, Arkansas">Ozark</a> on August 10, 1936; the record low is −29 °F (−34 °C) at <a href="/wiki/Gravette,_Arkansas" title="Gravette, Arkansas">Gravette</a>, on February 13, 1905.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arkansas is known for extreme weather and frequent storms. A typical year brings thunderstorms, tornadoes, and hail. Occasional cold snaps stand to bring varying amounts of snow, as well as ice storms. Between both the <a href="/wiki/Great_Plains" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf States</a>, Arkansas, receives around 60 days of thunderstorms. Arkansas is located in <a href="/wiki/Dixie_alley" class="mw-redirect" title="Dixie alley">Dixie alley</a>, and very near <a href="/wiki/Tornado_alley" class="mw-redirect" title="Tornado alley">tornado alley</a>. As a result, a few of the most destructive tornadoes in U.S. history have struck the state. While sufficiently far from the coast to avoid a direct hit from a hurricane, Arkansas can often get the remnants of a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">tropical system</a>, which dumps tremendous amounts of rain in a short time and often spawns smaller tornadoes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:120%;background:#E8EAFA;">Monthly Normal High and Low Temperatures For Various Arkansas Cities </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">City </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Jan </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Feb </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Mar </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Apr </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">May </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Jun </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Jul </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Aug </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Sep </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Oct </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Nov </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Dec </th> <th style="background:#e5afaa; color:Black; height:17px;">Avg </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f8f3ca; color:Black; height:16px;"><a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Arkansas" title="Fayetteville, Arkansas">Fayetteville</a><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">44/24<br />(7/-4) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">51/29<br />(10/-2) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">59/38<br />(15/3) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">69/46<br />(20/8) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">76/55<br />(24/13) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">84/64<br />(29/18) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">89/69<br />(32/20) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">89/67<br />(32/19) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">81/59<br />(27/15) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">70/47<br />(21/9) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">57/37<br />(14/3) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">48/28<br />(9/-2) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">68/47<br />(20/8) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#c5dfe1; color:Black; height:16px;"><a href="/wiki/Jonesboro,_Arkansas" title="Jonesboro, Arkansas">Jonesboro</a><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">45/26<br />(7/-3) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">51/30<br />(11/-1) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">61/40<br />(16/4) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">71/49<br />(22/9) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">80/58<br />(26/15) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">88/67<br />(31/19) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">92/71<br />(34/22) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">91/69<br />(33/20) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">84/61<br />(29/16) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">74/49<br />(23/9) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">60/39<br />(15/4) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">49/30<br />(10/-1) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">71/49<br />(21/9) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f8f3ca; color:Black; height:16px;"><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">51/31<br />(11/-1) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">55/35<br />(13/2) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">64/43<br />(18/6) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">73/51<br />(23/11) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">81/61<br />(27/16) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">89/69<br />(32/21) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">93/73<br />(34/23) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">93/72<br />(34/22) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">86/65<br />(30/18) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">75/53<br />(24/12) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">63/42<br />(17/6) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">52/34<br />(11/1) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">73/51<br />(23/11) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#c5dfe1; color:Black; height:16px;"><a href="/wiki/Texarkana,_Arkansas" title="Texarkana, Arkansas">Texarkana</a><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">53/31<br />(11/-1) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">58/34<br />(15/1) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">67/42<br />(19/5) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">75/50<br />(24/10) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">82/60<br />(28/16) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">89/68<br />(32/20) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">93/72<br />(34/22) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">93/71<br />(34/21) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">86/64<br />(30/18) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">76/52<br />(25/11) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">64/41<br />(18/5) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">55/33<br />(13/1) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">74/52<br />(23/11) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#f8f3ca; color:Black; height:16px;"><a href="/wiki/Monticello,_Arkansas" title="Monticello, Arkansas">Monticello</a><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">52/30<br />(11/-1) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">58/34<br />(14/1) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">66/43<br />(19/6) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">74/49<br />(23/10) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">82/59<br />(28/15) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">89/66<br />(32/19) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">92/70<br />(34/21) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">92/68<br />(33/20) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">86/62<br />(30/17) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">76/50<br />(25/10) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">64/41<br />(18/5) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">55/34<br />(13/1) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#f8f3ca; color:Black;">74/51<br />(23/10) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#c5dfe1; color:Black; height:16px;"><a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith,_Arkansas" title="Fort Smith, Arkansas">Fort Smith</a><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">48/27<br />(8/-2) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">54/32<br />(12/0) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">64/40<br />(17/4) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">73/49<br />(22/9) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">80/58<br />(26/14) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">87/67<br />(30/19) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">92/71<br />(33/21) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">92/70<br />(33/21) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">84/62<br />(29/17) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">75/50<br />(23/10) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">61/39<br />(16/4) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">50/31<br />(10/0) </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#c5dfe1; color:Black;">72/50<br />(22/10) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="14">Average high °F/average low °F (average high °C/average low°C) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cities_and_towns">Cities and towns</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in Arkansas">List of cities and towns in Arkansas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_metropolitan_areas" title="Arkansas metropolitan areas">Arkansas metropolitan areas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_townships_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of townships in Arkansas">List of townships in Arkansas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cleveland_County_Arkansas_Courthouse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Cleveland_County_Arkansas_Courthouse.jpg/220px-Cleveland_County_Arkansas_Courthouse.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Cleveland_County_Arkansas_Courthouse.jpg/330px-Cleveland_County_Arkansas_Courthouse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Cleveland_County_Arkansas_Courthouse.jpg/440px-Cleveland_County_Arkansas_Courthouse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="672" data-file-height="440" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_County_Courthouse_(Arkansas)" title="Cleveland County Courthouse (Arkansas)">Cleveland County Courthouse</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rison,_Arkansas" title="Rison, Arkansas">Rison</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a> has been Arkansas's <a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">capital city</a> since 1821 when it replaced <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Post,_Arkansas" title="Arkansas Post, Arkansas">Arkansas Post</a> as the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Territory of Arkansas">Territory of Arkansas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state capitol was moved to <a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs,_Arkansas" title="Hot Springs, Arkansas">Hot Springs</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Washington,_Arkansas" title="Washington, Arkansas">Washington</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> when the Union armies threatened the city in 1862, and state government did not return to Little Rock until after the war ended. Today, the <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock%E2%80%93North_Little_Rock%E2%80%93Conway_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Rock–North Little Rock–Conway metropolitan area">Little Rock–North Little Rock–Conway metropolitan area</a> is the largest in the state, with a population of 724,385 in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Fayetteville%E2%80%93Springdale%E2%80%93Rogers_Metropolitan_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Fayetteville–Springdale–Rogers Metropolitan Area">Fayetteville–Springdale–Rogers Metropolitan Area</a> is the second-largest metropolitan area in Arkansas, growing at the fastest rate due to the influx of businesses and the growth of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas" title="University of Arkansas">University of Arkansas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Walmart</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The state has eight cities with populations above 50,000 (based on 2010 census). In descending order of size, they are <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith,_Arkansas" title="Fort Smith, Arkansas">Fort Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Arkansas" title="Fayetteville, Arkansas">Fayetteville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Springdale,_Arkansas" title="Springdale, Arkansas">Springdale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jonesboro,_Arkansas" title="Jonesboro, Arkansas">Jonesboro</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="North Little Rock, Arkansas">North Little Rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conway,_Arkansas" title="Conway, Arkansas">Conway</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rogers,_Arkansas" title="Rogers, Arkansas">Rogers</a>. Of these, only Fort Smith and Jonesboro are outside the two largest metropolitan areas. Other cities in Arkansas include <a href="/wiki/Pine_Bluff,_Arkansas" title="Pine Bluff, Arkansas">Pine Bluff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crossett,_Arkansas" title="Crossett, Arkansas">Crossett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bryant,_Arkansas" title="Bryant, Arkansas">Bryant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Village,_Arkansas" title="Lake Village, Arkansas">Lake Village</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs,_Arkansas" title="Hot Springs, Arkansas">Hot Springs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bentonville,_Arkansas" title="Bentonville, Arkansas">Bentonville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texarkana,_Arkansas" title="Texarkana, Arkansas">Texarkana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sherwood,_Arkansas" title="Sherwood, Arkansas">Sherwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Arkansas" title="Jacksonville, Arkansas">Jacksonville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russellville,_Arkansas" title="Russellville, Arkansas">Russellville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bella_Vista,_Arkansas" title="Bella Vista, Arkansas">Bella Vista</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Memphis,_Arkansas" title="West Memphis, Arkansas">West Memphis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paragould,_Arkansas" title="Paragould, Arkansas">Paragould</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cabot,_Arkansas" title="Cabot, Arkansas">Cabot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Searcy,_Arkansas" title="Searcy, Arkansas">Searcy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Van_Buren,_Arkansas" title="Van Buren, Arkansas">Van Buren</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Dorado,_Arkansas" title="El Dorado, Arkansas">El Dorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blytheville,_Arkansas" title="Blytheville, Arkansas">Blytheville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harrison,_Arkansas" title="Harrison, Arkansas">Harrison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dumas,_Arkansas" title="Dumas, Arkansas">Dumas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rison,_Arkansas" title="Rison, Arkansas">Rison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warren,_Arkansas" title="Warren, Arkansas">Warren</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mountain_Home,_Arkansas" title="Mountain Home, Arkansas">Mountain Home</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219497266">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><div style="float:left; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110%;">Largest cities or towns in Arkansas</span><br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;">Source:<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Rank </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Arkansas">Name</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Counties of Arkansas">County</a> </th> <th>Pop. </th> <th>Rank </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Arkansas">Name</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Counties of Arkansas">County</a> </th> <th>Pop.</th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Little_Rock.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Little Rock"><img alt="Little Rock" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Little_Rock.jpg/120px-Little_Rock.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Little_Rock.jpg/180px-Little_Rock.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Little_Rock.jpg/240px-Little_Rock.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="316" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fort_Smith,_AR_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fort Smith"><img alt="Fort Smith" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Fort_Smith%2C_AR_002.jpg/120px-Fort_Smith%2C_AR_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Fort_Smith%2C_AR_002.jpg/180px-Fort_Smith%2C_AR_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Fort_Smith%2C_AR_002.jpg/240px-Fort_Smith%2C_AR_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5248" data-file-height="2952" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith,_Arkansas" title="Fort Smith, Arkansas">Fort Smith</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_County,_Arkansas" title="Pulaski County, Arkansas">Pulaski</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">198,606</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs,_Arkansas" title="Hot Springs, Arkansas">Hot Springs</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Garland_County,_Arkansas" title="Garland County, Arkansas">Garland</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">36,915 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fayetteville,_Arkansas_skyline_featuring_University_of_Arkansas.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fayetteville"><img alt="Fayetteville" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Fayetteville%2C_Arkansas_skyline_featuring_University_of_Arkansas.jpg/120px-Fayetteville%2C_Arkansas_skyline_featuring_University_of_Arkansas.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Fayetteville%2C_Arkansas_skyline_featuring_University_of_Arkansas.jpg/180px-Fayetteville%2C_Arkansas_skyline_featuring_University_of_Arkansas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Fayetteville%2C_Arkansas_skyline_featuring_University_of_Arkansas.jpg/240px-Fayetteville%2C_Arkansas_skyline_featuring_University_of_Arkansas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1933" data-file-height="636" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Arkansas" title="Fayetteville, Arkansas">Fayetteville</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith,_Arkansas" title="Fort Smith, Arkansas">Fort Smith</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_County,_Arkansas" title="Sebastian County, Arkansas">Sebastian</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">88,037</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Benton,_Arkansas" title="Benton, Arkansas">Benton</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Saline_County,_Arkansas" title="Saline County, Arkansas">Saline</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">35,789 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Arkansas" title="Fayetteville, Arkansas">Fayetteville</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Arkansas" title="Washington County, Arkansas">Washington</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">85,257</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">13</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sherwood,_Arkansas" title="Sherwood, Arkansas">Sherwood</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_County,_Arkansas" title="Pulaski County, Arkansas">Pulaski</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">31,081 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Springdale,_Arkansas" title="Springdale, Arkansas">Springdale</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Arkansas" title="Washington County, Arkansas">Washington</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">79,599</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">14</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Texarkana,_Arkansas" title="Texarkana, Arkansas">Texarkana</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Miller_County,_Arkansas" title="Miller County, Arkansas">Miller</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">30,259 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jonesboro,_Arkansas" title="Jonesboro, Arkansas">Jonesboro</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Craighead_County,_Arkansas" title="Craighead County, Arkansas">Craighead</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">75,866</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Russellville,_Arkansas" title="Russellville, Arkansas">Russellville</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pope_County,_Arkansas" title="Pope County, Arkansas">Pope</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">29,318 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Rogers,_Arkansas" title="Rogers, Arkansas">Rogers</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Benton_County,_Arkansas" title="Benton County, Arkansas">Benton</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">66,430</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">16</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Arkansas" title="Jacksonville, Arkansas">Jacksonville</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_County,_Arkansas" title="Pulaski County, Arkansas">Pulaski</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">28,513 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/North_Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="North Little Rock, Arkansas">North Little Rock</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_County,_Arkansas" title="Pulaski County, Arkansas">Pulaski</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">65,911</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">17</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bella_Vista,_Arkansas" title="Bella Vista, Arkansas">Bella Vista</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Benton_County,_Arkansas" title="Benton County, Arkansas">Benton</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">28,511 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Conway,_Arkansas" title="Conway, Arkansas">Conway</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Faulkner_County,_Arkansas" title="Faulkner County, Arkansas">Faulkner</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">65,782</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">18</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Paragould,_Arkansas" title="Paragould, Arkansas">Paragould</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Greene_County,_Arkansas" title="Greene County, Arkansas">Greene</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">28,488 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bentonville,_Arkansas" title="Bentonville, Arkansas">Bentonville</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Benton_County,_Arkansas" title="Benton County, Arkansas">Benton</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">49,298</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">19</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Cabot,_Arkansas" title="Cabot, Arkansas">Cabot</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Lonoke_County,_Arkansas" title="Lonoke County, Arkansas">Lonoke</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">26,141 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pine_Bluff,_Arkansas" title="Pine Bluff, Arkansas">Pine Bluff</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Arkansas" title="Jefferson County, Arkansas">Jefferson</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">42,984</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">20</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/West_Memphis,_Arkansas" title="West Memphis, Arkansas">West Memphis</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Crittenden_County,_Arkansas" title="Crittenden County, Arkansas">Crittenden</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">24,860 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Arkansas" title="Demographics of Arkansas">Demographics of Arkansas</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population">Population</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:403px;max-width:403px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arkansas_population_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Map of Arkansas, showing density of population by county." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Arkansas_population_map.png/195px-Arkansas_population_map.png" decoding="async" width="195" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Arkansas_population_map.png/293px-Arkansas_population_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Arkansas_population_map.png/390px-Arkansas_population_map.png 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="446" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arkansas,_Percent_Change_in_Population_by_County,_2000_to_2010.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Map of Arkansas, with many southern and eastern counties recording population losses with the rest of the state showing moderate gains. Benton and Faulkner counties were the most rapidly growing in population between 2000 and 2010." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Arkansas%2C_Percent_Change_in_Population_by_County%2C_2000_to_2010.png/200px-Arkansas%2C_Percent_Change_in_Population_by_County%2C_2000_to_2010.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Arkansas%2C_Percent_Change_in_Population_by_County%2C_2000_to_2010.png/300px-Arkansas%2C_Percent_Change_in_Population_by_County%2C_2000_to_2010.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Arkansas%2C_Percent_Change_in_Population_by_County%2C_2000_to_2010.png/400px-Arkansas%2C_Percent_Change_in_Population_by_County%2C_2000_to_2010.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="484" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Left: Arkansas's population distribution. Red indicates high density in urban areas, green indicates low density in rural areas, blue indicates water.<br />Right: Map showing population changes by county between 2000 and 2010. Blue indicates population gain, purple indicates population loss, and shade indicates magnitude.</div></div></div></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> estimated that the population of Arkansas was 3,017,804 on July 1, 2019, a 3.49% increase since the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010 United States census</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AnnualEstUS_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AnnualEstUS-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 U.S. census</a>, Arkansas had a resident population of 3,011,524. </p><p>From fewer than 15,000 in 1820, Arkansas's population grew to 52,240 during a special census in 1835, far exceeding the 40,000 required to apply for statehood.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following statehood in 1836, the population doubled each decade until the <a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870 census</a> conducted following the American Civil War. The state recorded growth in each successive decade, although it gradually slowed in the 20th century. </p><p>It recorded population losses in the <a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a> and <a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960 censuses</a>. This outmigration was a result of multiple factors, including farm mechanization, decreasing labor demand, and young educated people leaving the state due to a lack of non-farming industry in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkansas again began to grow, recording positive growth rates ever since and exceeding two million by the <a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980 census</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkansas's rate of change, age distributions, and gender distributions mirror national averages. <a href="/wiki/Minority_group" title="Minority group">Minority group</a> data also approximates national averages. There are fewer people in Arkansas of Hispanic or Latino origin than the national average.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Center_of_population" title="Center of population">center of population</a> of Arkansas for 2000 was located in <a href="/wiki/Perry_County,_Arkansas" title="Perry County, Arkansas">Perry County</a>, near Nogal.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Department of Housing and Urban Development">HUD</a>'s 2022 <a href="/wiki/Annual_Homeless_Assessment_Report_to_Congress" title="Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress">Annual Homeless Assessment Report</a>, there were an estimated 2,459 <a href="/wiki/Homelessness" title="Homelessness">homeless</a> people in Arkansas.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="sr-only">Note</span></th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1810_United_States_census" title="1810 United States census">1810</a></th><td>1,062</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_census" title="1820 United States census">1820</a></th><td>14,273</td><td></td><td>1,244.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1830_United_States_census" title="1830 United States census">1830</a></th><td>30,388</td><td></td><td>112.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_census" title="1840 United States census">1840</a></th><td>97,574</td><td></td><td>221.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1850_United_States_census" title="1850 United States census">1850</a></th><td>209,897</td><td></td><td>115.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td>435,450</td><td></td><td>107.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td>484,471</td><td></td><td>11.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td>802,525</td><td></td><td>65.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td>1,128,211</td><td></td><td>40.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td>1,311,564</td><td></td><td>16.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td>1,574,449</td><td></td><td>20.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td>1,752,204</td><td></td><td>11.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td>1,854,482</td><td></td><td>5.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td>1,949,387</td><td></td><td>5.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td>1,909,511</td><td></td><td>−2.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td>1,786,272</td><td></td><td>−6.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td>1,923,295</td><td></td><td>7.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td>2,286,435</td><td></td><td>18.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>2,350,725</td><td></td><td>2.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>2,673,400</td><td></td><td>13.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>2,915,918</td><td></td><td>9.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td>3,011,524</td><td></td><td>3.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">2024 (est.)</th><td class="us-census-pop-estimate">3,088,354</td><td><sup id="cite_ref-USCensusEst2024_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USCensusEst2024-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td>2.6%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote" style="text-align: center">Source: 1910–2020<sup id="cite_ref-Census2010_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census2010-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Race_and_ethnicity">Race and ethnicity</h3></div> <p>Per the 2019 census estimates, Arkansas was 72.0% non-Hispanic white, 15.4% Black or African American, 0.5% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.5% Asian, 0.4% Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, 0.1% some other race, 2.4% two or more races, and 7.7% Hispanic or Latin American of any race.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2011, the state was 80.1% white (74.2% <a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_white" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic white">non-Hispanic white</a>), 15.6% Black or <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a>, 0.9% <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">American Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Native">Alaska Native</a>, 1.3% <a href="/wiki/Asian_ethnicity" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian ethnicity">Asian</a>, and 1.8% from two or more races. <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanics</a> or Latinos of any race made up 6.6% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-census_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2011, 39.0% of Arkansas's population younger than age<span class="nowrap"> </span>1 were minorities.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible"> <caption style="font-size:90%">Ethnic composition as of the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 census</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race and ethnicity<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Alone </th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Total </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino whites">White (non-Hispanic)</a> </td> <td align="right">68.5% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">68.5</span><div style="width:137px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td> <td align="right">73.2% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">73.2</span><div style="width:146.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African American (non-Hispanic)</a> </td> <td align="right">14.9% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">14.9</span><div style="width:29.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:mediumblue"> </div> </td> <td align="right">16.2% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">16.2</span><div style="width:32.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:mediumblue"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">— </td> <td> </td> <td align="right">8.5% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">8.5</span><div style="width:17px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:green"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> </td> <td align="right">1.7% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">1.7</span><div style="width:3.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple"> </div> </td> <td align="right">2.2% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">2.2</span><div style="width:4.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> </td> <td align="right">0.7% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">0.7</span><div style="width:1.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gold"> </div> </td> <td align="right">3.4% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">3.4</span><div style="width:6.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gold"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander</a> </td> <td align="right">0.5% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">0.5</span><div style="width:1px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:pink"> </div> </td> <td align="right">0.6% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">0.6</span><div style="width:1.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:pink"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other </td> <td align="right">0.3% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">0.3</span><div style="width:0.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:brown"> </div> </td> <td align="right">1.1% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">1.1</span><div style="width:2.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:brown"> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ethnic_Origins_in_Arkansas.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ethnic_Origins_in_Arkansas.png/330px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Arkansas.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ethnic_Origins_in_Arkansas.png/495px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Arkansas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ethnic_Origins_in_Arkansas.png/660px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Arkansas.png 2x" data-file-width="7000" data-file-height="4638" /></a><figcaption>Ethnic origins in Arkansas</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arkansas_counties_by_race.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arkansas_counties_by_race.svg/187px-Arkansas_counties_by_race.svg.png" decoding="async" width="187" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arkansas_counties_by_race.svg/281px-Arkansas_counties_by_race.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arkansas_counties_by_race.svg/374px-Arkansas_counties_by_race.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="198" data-file-height="181" /></a><figcaption>Map of counties in Arkansas by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census<div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Legend</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <b>Non-Hispanic White</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#dd7e6b; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 40–50%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#cc4125; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 50–60%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#a61c00; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 60–70%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#85200c; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 70–80%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#5b0f00; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 80–90%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#410b00; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 90%+</div> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <b>Black or African American</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ffe599; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 40–50%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ffd966; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 50–60%</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#f1c232; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 60–70%</div>   </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </li></ul> </div></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"> <caption><b>Arkansas Racial Breakdown of Population</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Racial composition</th> <th>1990<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>2000<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>2010<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>2020<sup id="cite_ref-2020DP1_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020DP1-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White</a></td> <td>82.7%</td> <td>80.0%</td> <td>77.0%</td> <td>70.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a></td> <td>15.9%</td> <td>15.7%</td> <td>15.4%</td> <td>15.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian American">Asian</a></td> <td>0.5%</td> <td>0.8%</td> <td>1.2%</td> <td>1.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native</a></td> <td>0.5%</td> <td>0.7%</td> <td>0.8%</td> <td>0.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiian" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Hawaiian">Native Hawaiian</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander" title="Pacific Islander">other Pacific Islander</a></td> <td>–</td> <td>0.1%</td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States Census">Other race</a></td> <td>0.3%</td> <td>1.5%</td> <td>3.4%</td> <td>4.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiracial American">Two or more races</a></td> <td>–</td> <td>1.3%</td> <td>2.0%</td> <td>7.1% </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>European Americans have a strong presence in the northwestern <a href="/wiki/Ozarks" title="Ozarks">Ozarks</a> and the central part of the state. African Americans live mainly in the southern and eastern parts of the state. Arkansans of Irish, English and German ancestry are mostly found in the far northwestern Ozarks near the Missouri border. Ancestors of the Irish in the Ozarks were chiefly <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Scots_people" title="Ulster Scots people">Scots-Irish</a>, Protestants from <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scottish</a> lowlands and northern England part of the largest group of immigrants from <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Kingdom of Ireland">Ireland</a> before the American Revolution. <a href="/wiki/English_American" class="mw-redirect" title="English American">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scots-Irish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Scots-Irish American">Scots-Irish</a> immigrants settled throughout the back country of the South and in the more mountainous areas. Americans of <a href="/wiki/English_American" class="mw-redirect" title="English American">English</a> stock are found throughout the state.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2010 survey of the principal ancestries of Arkansas's residents revealed the following:<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 15.5% <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a>, 12.3% <a href="/wiki/Irish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish American">Irish</a>, 11.5% <a href="/wiki/German_Americans" title="German Americans">German</a>, 11.0% <a href="/wiki/American_ethnicity" class="mw-redirect" title="American ethnicity">American</a>, 10.1% <a href="/wiki/English_American" class="mw-redirect" title="English American">English</a>, 4.7% <a href="/wiki/Mexican_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican American">Mexican</a>, 2.1% <a href="/wiki/French_American" class="mw-redirect" title="French American">French</a>, 1.7% <a href="/wiki/Scottish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish American">Scottish</a>, 1.7% <a href="/wiki/Dutch_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch American">Dutch</a>, 1.6% <a href="/wiki/Italian_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian American">Italian</a>, and 1.4% <a href="/wiki/Scots-Irish_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Scots-Irish American">Scots-Irish</a>. </p><p>Most people identifying as "American" are of English descent or Scots-Irish descent. Their families have been in the state so long, in many cases since before statehood, that they choose to identify simply as having American ancestry or do not in fact know their ancestry. Their ancestry primarily goes back to the original 13 colonies and for this reason many of them today simply claim American ancestry. Many people who identify as of Irish descent are in fact of Scots-Irish descent.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the American Immigration Council, in 2015, the top countries of origin for Arkansas' immigrants were Mexico, El Salvador, India, Vietnam, and Guatemala.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the 2006–2008 American Community Survey, 93.8% of Arkansas's population (over the age of five) spoke only English at home. About 4.5% of the state's population spoke Spanish at home. About 0.7% of the state's population spoke another <a href="/wiki/Indo-European_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-European language">Indo-European language</a>. About 0.8% of the state's population spoke an <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Asia" title="Languages of Asia">Asian language</a>, and 0.2% spoke other languages.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="At least a quarter of the Indo-European languages are in Asia (March 2017)">clarification needed</span></a> dubious</i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3></div> <div class="barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,white); color: var(--color-base,black)"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religion in Arkansas (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-pew2014_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pew2014-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">Religion</td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">Percent</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Blue; width:70%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">70%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">Unaffiliated</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Grey; width:18%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">18%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:DarkOrchid; width:8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Green; width:2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Mormon" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon">Mormon</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:pink; width:1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:grey; width:1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>Like most other Southern states, Arkansas is part of the <a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt">Bible Belt</a> and predominantly <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a>. The largest denominations by number of adherents in 2010 were the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptist Convention</a> with 661,382; the <a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a> with 158,574; non-denominational Evangelical Protestants with 129,638; the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> with 122,662; and <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> with 31,254. Other religions include Islam, <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a>/<a href="/wiki/Paganism" title="Paganism">Paganism</a>, Hinduism, Buddhism, and some residents have no religious affiliation.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, the <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a> determined that 79% of the population was Christian, dominated by evangelicals in the Southern Baptist and independent Baptist churches. In contrast with many other states, the Catholic Church as of 2014 was not the largest Christian denomination in Arkansas. Of the unaffiliated population, 2% were <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheist</a> in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Public_Religion_Research_Institute" title="Public Religion Research Institute">Public Religion Research Institute</a> determined 71% of the population was Christian.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkansas continued to be dominated by evangelicals, followed by <a href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestant" title="Mainline Protestant">mainline Protestants</a> and <a href="/wiki/Black_church" title="Black church">historically black or African American churches</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Arkansas" title="Economy of Arkansas">Economy of Arkansas</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_companies" title="List of Arkansas companies">List of Arkansas companies</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_locations_by_per_capita_income" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkansas locations by per capita income">Arkansas locations by per capita income</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Metropolitan_Bank_Tower.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Metropolitan_Bank_Tower.png/170px-Metropolitan_Bank_Tower.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Metropolitan_Bank_Tower.png/255px-Metropolitan_Bank_Tower.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Metropolitan_Bank_Tower.png/340px-Metropolitan_Bank_Tower.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Simmons_Tower" title="Simmons Tower">Simmons Tower</a> in <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a> is the state's tallest building.</figcaption></figure> <p>Once a state with a cashless society in the uplands and <a href="/wiki/Plantation_economy" title="Plantation economy">plantation</a> agriculture in the lowlands, Arkansas's economy has evolved and diversified. The state's gross domestic product (GDP) was $176.24<span class="nowrap"> </span>billion in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-GDPByState_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GDPByState-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Six <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> companies are based in Arkansas, including the world's #1 retailer, <a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Walmart</a>; <a href="/wiki/Tyson_Foods" title="Tyson Foods">Tyson Foods</a>, <a href="/wiki/J.B._Hunt" class="mw-redirect" title="J.B. Hunt">J.B. Hunt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dillard%27s" title="Dillard's">Dillard's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murphy_USA" title="Murphy USA">Murphy USA</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Windstream" class="mw-redirect" title="Windstream">Windstream</a> are also headquartered in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-f500_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f500-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_GDP_per_capita_(nominal)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states by GDP per capita (nominal)">per capita personal income</a> in 2023 was $54,347, ranking 46th in the nation, and the <a href="/wiki/Median_household_income" class="mw-redirect" title="Median household income">median household income</a> was $55,432, which ranked 47th.<sup id="cite_ref-r095_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r095-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-u858_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-u858-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state's agriculture outputs are poultry and eggs, soybeans, sorghum, cattle, cotton, rice, hogs, and milk. Its industrial outputs are food processing, electric equipment, fabricated metal products, machinery, and paper products. Arkansas's mines produce natural gas, oil, crushed stone, bromine, and vanadium.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>, Arkansas is the 20th-best state for business, with the 2nd-lowest cost of doing business, 5th-lowest cost of living, 11th-best workforce, 20th-best economic climate, 28th-best-educated workforce, 31st-best infrastructure and the 32nd-friendliest regulatory environment.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Arkansas gained 12 spots in the best state for business rankings since 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2014, it was the most affordable state to live in.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As of July 2023, the state's unemployment rate was 2.6%; the preliminary rate for December 2023 is 3.4%.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry_and_commerce">Industry and commerce</h3></div> <p>Arkansas's earliest industries were <a href="/wiki/Fur_trading" class="mw-redirect" title="Fur trading">fur trading</a> and agriculture, with development of cotton <a href="/wiki/Plantations_in_the_American_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantations in the American South">plantations</a> in the areas near the Mississippi River. They were dependent on slave labor through the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today only about three percent of the population are employed in the agricultural sector,<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it remains a major part of the state's economy, ranking 13th in the nation in the value of products sold.<sup id="cite_ref-agcensus_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agcensus-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkansas is the nation's largest producer of rice, <a href="/wiki/Broiler" title="Broiler">broilers</a>, and turkeys,<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and ranks in the top three for <a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pullets" class="mw-redirect" title="Pullets">pullets</a>, and aquaculture (catfish).<sup id="cite_ref-agcensus_126-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agcensus-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Forestry remains strong in the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Timberlands" title="Arkansas Timberlands">Arkansas Timberlands</a>, and the state ranks fourth nationally and first in the South in softwood lumber production.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Automobile parts manufacturers have opened factories in eastern Arkansas to support auto plants in other states. <a href="/wiki/Bauxite" title="Bauxite">Bauxite</a> was formerly a large part of the state's economy, mined mostly around <a href="/wiki/Saline_County,_Arkansas" title="Saline County, Arkansas">Saline County</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tourism is also very important to the Arkansas economy; the official state nickname "The Natural State" was created for state tourism advertising in the 1970s, and is still used to this day. The state maintains <a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_state_parks" title="List of Arkansas state parks">52 state parks</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> maintains seven properties in Arkansas. The completion of the <a href="/wiki/William_Jefferson_Clinton_Presidential_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="William Jefferson Clinton Presidential Library">William Jefferson Clinton Presidential Library</a> in Little Rock has drawn many visitors to the city and revitalized the nearby <a href="/wiki/River_Market_District_(Little_Rock,_Arkansas)" title="River Market District (Little Rock, Arkansas)">River Market District</a>. Many cities also hold festivals, which draw tourists to Arkansas culture, such as The Bradley County Pink Tomato Festival in Warren, <a href="/wiki/King_Biscuit_Blues_Festival" title="King Biscuit Blues Festival">King Biscuit Blues Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ozark_Folk_Center" title="Ozark Folk Center">Ozark Folk Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toad_Suck_Daze" title="Toad Suck Daze">Toad Suck Daze</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tontitown,_Arkansas" title="Tontitown, Arkansas">Tontitown Grape Festival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Arkansas" title="Special:EditPage/Arkansas">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_railroads" title="List of Arkansas railroads">List of Arkansas railroads</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_Arkansas" title="Aviation in Arkansas">Aviation in Arkansas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Highway_System" title="Arkansas Highway System">Arkansas Highway System</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_railroads" title="List of Arkansas railroads">List of Arkansas railroads</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Arkansas" title="List of airports in Arkansas">List of airports in Arkansas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:River_cruise_2009_27b2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/River_cruise_2009_27b2.jpg/220px-River_cruise_2009_27b2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/River_cruise_2009_27b2.jpg/330px-River_cruise_2009_27b2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/River_cruise_2009_27b2.jpg/440px-River_cruise_2009_27b2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="877" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Greenville_Bridge" title="Greenville Bridge">Greenville Bridge</a> crosses over the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> into <a href="/wiki/Shives,_Arkansas" title="Shives, Arkansas">Shives</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Transportation in Arkansas is overseen by the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Department_of_Transportation" title="Arkansas Department of Transportation">Arkansas Department of Transportation</a> (ArDOT), headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a>. Several main corridors pass through Little Rock, including <a href="/wiki/Interstate_30_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate 30 in Arkansas">Interstate<span class="nowrap"> </span>30</a> (I-30) and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_40_in_Arkansas" title="Interstate 40 in Arkansas">I-40</a> (the nation's 3rd-busiest trucking corridor).<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkansas first designated a state highway system in 1924, and first numbered its roads in 1926. Arkansas had one of the first paved roads, the <a href="/wiki/Dollarway_Road" title="Dollarway Road">Dollarway Road</a>, and one of the first members of the <a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate Highway System</a>. The state maintains a large system of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_state_highways" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Arkansas state highways">state highways</a> today, in addition to eight <a href="/wiki/List_of_Interstate_Highways_in_Arkansas" title="List of Interstate Highways in Arkansas">Interstates</a> and 20 <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._Routes_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. Routes in Arkansas">U.S. Routes</a>. </p><p>In northeast Arkansas, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_55_in_Arkansas" title="Interstate 55 in Arkansas">I-55</a> travels north from <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a> to <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, with a new spur to <a href="/wiki/Jonesboro,_Arkansas" title="Jonesboro, Arkansas">Jonesboro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Interstate_555" title="Interstate 555">I-555</a>). Northwest Arkansas is served by the segment of <a href="/wiki/Interstate_49_in_Arkansas" title="Interstate 49 in Arkansas">I-49</a> from Fort Smith to the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Highway_549" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkansas Highway 549">Bella Vista Bypass</a>. This segment of I-49 currently follows mostly the same route as the <a href="/wiki/Interstate_540_(Arkansas)#History" title="Interstate 540 (Arkansas)">former section of I-540</a> that extended north of I-40.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state also has the 13th largest <a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_state_highways" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Arkansas state highways">state highway system</a> in the nation.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MNA_2167.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/MNA_2167.jpg/220px-MNA_2167.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/MNA_2167.jpg/330px-MNA_2167.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/MNA_2167.jpg/440px-MNA_2167.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="711" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Missouri_and_Northern_Arkansas_Railroad" title="Missouri and Northern Arkansas Railroad">Missouri and Northern Arkansas Railroad</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Arkansas is served by 2,750 miles (4,430 km) of railroad track divided among twenty-six railroad companies including three <a href="/wiki/Class_I_railroads" class="mw-redirect" title="Class I railroads">Class I railroads</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Freight railroads are concentrated in southeast Arkansas to serve the industries in the region. The <a href="/wiki/Texas_Eagle" title="Texas Eagle">Texas Eagle</a>, an Amtrak passenger train, serves five stations in the state <a href="/wiki/Walnut_Ridge_(Amtrak_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Walnut Ridge (Amtrak station)">Walnut Ridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_(Amtrak_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Rock (Amtrak station)">Little Rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malvern_(Amtrak_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Malvern (Amtrak station)">Malvern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkadelphia_(Amtrak_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkadelphia (Amtrak station)">Arkadelphia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Texarkana_(Amtrak_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Texarkana (Amtrak station)">Texarkana</a>. </p><p>Arkansas also benefits from the use of its rivers for commerce. The <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas River</a> are both major rivers. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Corps_of_Engineers" title="United States Army Corps of Engineers">United States Army Corps of Engineers</a> maintains the <a href="/wiki/McClellan-Kerr_Arkansas_River_Navigation_System" class="mw-redirect" title="McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System">McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System</a>, allowing barge traffic up the Arkansas River to the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Catoosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Port of Catoosa">Port of Catoosa</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, Oklahoma</a>. </p><p>There are four airports with commercial service: <a href="/wiki/Clinton_National_Airport" title="Clinton National Airport">Clinton National Airport</a> (formerly Little Rock National Airport or Adams Field), <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Arkansas_Regional_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport">Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith_Regional_Airport" title="Fort Smith Regional Airport">Fort Smith Regional Airport</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Texarkana_Regional_Airport" title="Texarkana Regional Airport">Texarkana Regional Airport</a>, with <a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Arkansas" title="List of airports in Arkansas">dozens of smaller airports in the state</a>. </p><p>Intercity bus services across the state are provided by <a href="/wiki/Flixbus" class="mw-redirect" title="Flixbus">Flixbus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greyhound_Lines" title="Greyhound Lines">Greyhound Lines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Lines" title="Jefferson Lines">Jefferson Lines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Public transit and community transport services for the elderly or those with developmental disabilities are provided by agencies such as the <a href="/wiki/Central_Arkansas_Transit_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Arkansas Transit Authority">Central Arkansas Transit Authority</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ozark_Regional_Transit" title="Ozark Regional Transit">Ozark Regional Transit</a>, organizations that are part of the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Transit_Association" title="Arkansas Transit Association">Arkansas Transit Association</a>. </p> <table class="collapsible collapsed" style="border:1px #aaa solid; width:50em; margin:0.2em auto"> <tbody><tr> <th>Local transit map </th></tr> <tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:602px"><div style="position:relative;width:600px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Arkansas_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arkansas is located in Arkansas"><img alt="Arkansas is located in Arkansas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/USA_Arkansas_location_map.svg/600px-USA_Arkansas_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="600" height="520" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/USA_Arkansas_location_map.svg/900px-USA_Arkansas_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/USA_Arkansas_location_map.svg/1200px-USA_Arkansas_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="1040" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:33.691%;left:6.974%;font-size:90%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fort Smith Transit"><img alt="Fort Smith Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"><div><b><small><a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith_Transit" title="Fort Smith Transit">Fort Smith Transit</a></small></b></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.376%;left:51.79%;font-size:90%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pine Bluff Transit"><img alt="Pine Bluff Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:11px"><div><b><small><a href="/wiki/Pine_Bluff_Transit" title="Pine Bluff Transit">Pine Bluff Transit</a></small></b></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:56.209%;left:32.355%;font-size:90%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Intracity Transit"><img alt="Intracity Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:11px"><div><b><small><a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs_Intracity_Transit" title="Hot Springs Intracity Transit">Intracity Transit</a></small></b></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:22.043%;left:75.834%;font-size:90%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Jonesboro Economical Transit"><img alt="Jonesboro Economical Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:11px"><div><b><small><a href="/wiki/Jonesboro_Economical_Transit" title="Jonesboro Economical Transit">Jonesboro Economical Transit</a></small></b></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:84.017%;left:14.05%;font-size:90%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Texarkana Urban Transit District"><img alt="Texarkana Urban Transit District" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:11px"><div><b><small><a href="/wiki/Texarkana_Urban_Transit_District" title="Texarkana Urban Transit District">Texarkana Urban Transit District</a></small></b></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:50.142%;left:46.889%;font-size:90%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rock Region Metro"><img alt="Rock Region Metro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:11px"><div><b><small><a href="/wiki/Rock_Region_Metro" title="Rock Region Metro">Rock Region Metro</a></small></b></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:13.474%;left:12.24%;font-size:90%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ozark Regional Transit"><img alt="Ozark Regional Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:11px;left:-3em"><div><b><small><a href="/wiki/Ozark_Regional_Transit" title="Ozark Regional Transit">Ozark Regional Transit</a></small></b></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:16.237%;left:11.58%;font-size:90%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Razorback Transit"><img alt="Razorback Transit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:11px;left:-3em"><div><b><small><a href="/wiki/Razorback_Transit" title="Razorback Transit">Razorback Transit</a></small></b></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:39.834%;left:85.742%;font-size:90%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Memphis Area Transit Authority"><img alt="Memphis Area Transit Authority" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/20px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/30px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Icon-mode-bus-default.svg/40px-Icon-mode-bus-default.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:11px"><div><b><small><a href="/wiki/Memphis_Area_Transit_Authority" title="Memphis Area Transit Authority">Memphis Area Transit Authority</a></small></b></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Arkansas_location_map.svg" title="File:USA Arkansas location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Local Transit Systems (Only systems with fixed-route services are shown)</div></div></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Arkansas" title="Special:EditPage/Arkansas">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_and_government_of_Arkansas" title="Politics and government of Arkansas">Politics and government of Arkansas</a></div> <p>As with the federal government of the United States, political power in Arkansas is divided into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. Each officer's term is four years long. Office holders are <a href="/wiki/Term-limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Term-limited">term-limited</a> to two full terms plus any partial terms before the first full term.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Executive">Executive</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Arkansas">Governor of Arkansas</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Arkansas" title="List of governors of Arkansas">List of governors of Arkansas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Cabinet" title="Arkansas Cabinet">Arkansas Cabinet</a></div> <p>The governor of Arkansas is <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Huckabee_Sanders" title="Sarah Huckabee Sanders">Sarah Huckabee Sanders</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>, who was inaugurated on January 10, 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The six other elected executive positions in Arkansas are <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Arkansas" title="Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas">lieutenant governor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Arkansas" title="Secretary of State of Arkansas">secretary of state</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Attorney_General" title="Arkansas Attorney General">attorney general</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_State_Treasurer" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkansas State Treasurer">treasurer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_State_Auditor" title="Arkansas State Auditor">auditor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Land_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkansas Land Commissioner">land commissioner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The governor also appoints the leaders of various state boards, committees, and departments. Arkansas governors served two-year terms until a referendum lengthened the term to four years, effective with the 1986 election. Individuals elected to these offices are limited to a lifetime total of two four-year terms per office. </p><p>In Arkansas, the lieutenant governor is elected separately from the governor and thus can be from a different political party.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative">Legislative</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_General_Assembly" title="Arkansas General Assembly">Arkansas General Assembly</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_General_Assembly" title="Arkansas General Assembly">Arkansas General Assembly</a> is the state's <a href="/wiki/Bicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral">bicameral</a> bodies of legislators, composed of the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Senate" title="Arkansas Senate">Senate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_House_of_Representatives" title="Arkansas House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>. The Senate contains 35 members from districts of approximately equal population. These districts are redrawn decennially with each US census, and in election years ending in "2", the entire body is put up for reelection. Following the election, half of the seats are designated as two-year seats and are up for reelection again in two years, these "half-terms" do not count against a legislator's term limits. The remaining half serve a full four-year term. This staggers elections such that half the body is up for reelection every two years and allows for complete body turnover following redistricting.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkansas voters elected a 21–14 Republican majority in the Senate in 2012. Arkansas House members can serve a maximum of three two-year terms. House districts are redistricted by the Arkansas Board of Apportionment. In the 2012 elections, Republicans gained a 51–49 majority in the House of Representatives.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Republican Party <a href="/wiki/Majority" title="Majority">majority</a> status in the Arkansas State House of Representatives after the 2012 elections, is the party's first since 1874. Arkansas was the last state of the old Confederacy to not have Republican control of either chamber of its house since the American Civil War.<sup id="cite_ref-sen_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sen-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the term limits changes, studies have shown that lobbyists have become less influential in state politics. Legislative staff, not subject to term limits, have acquired additional power and influence due to the high rate of elected official turnover.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judicial">Judicial</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Courts_of_Arkansas" title="Courts of Arkansas">Courts of Arkansas</a></div> <p>Arkansas's judicial branch has five court systems: <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Supreme_Court" title="Arkansas Supreme Court">Arkansas Supreme Court</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Court_of_Appeals" title="Arkansas Court of Appeals">Arkansas Court of Appeals</a>, Circuit Courts, District Courts and City Courts. </p><p>Most cases begin in district court, which is subdivided into state district court and local district court. State district courts exercise district-wide jurisdiction over the districts created by the General Assembly, and local district courts are presided over by part-time judges who may privately practice law. 25 state district court judges preside over 15 districts, with more districts created in 2013 and 2017. There are 28 judicial circuits of Circuit Court, with each contains five subdivisions: criminal, civil, probate, domestic relations, and juvenile court. The jurisdiction of the Arkansas Court of Appeals is determined by the Arkansas Supreme Court, and there is no <a href="/wiki/Appeal" title="Appeal">right of appeal</a> from the Court of Appeals to the high court. The Arkansas Supreme Court can review Court of Appeals cases upon application by either a party to the litigation, upon request by the Court of Appeals, or if the Arkansas Supreme Court feels the case should have been initially assigned to it. The twelve judges of the Arkansas Court of Appeals are elected from judicial districts to renewable six-year terms. </p><p>The Arkansas Supreme Court is the court of last resort in the state, composed of seven justices elected to eight-year terms. Established by the Arkansas Constitution in 1836, the court's decisions can be appealed to only the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal">Federal</h3></div> <p>Both Arkansas's U.S. senators, <a href="/wiki/John_Boozman" title="John Boozman">John Boozman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Tom Cotton</a>, are Republicans. The state has four seats in <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a>. All four seats are held by Republicans: <a href="/wiki/Rick_Crawford_(politician)" title="Rick Crawford (politician)">Rick Crawford</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 1st congressional district">1st district</a>), <a href="/wiki/French_Hill_(politician)" title="French Hill (politician)">French Hill</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 2nd congressional district">2nd district</a>), <a href="/wiki/Steve_Womack" title="Steve Womack">Steve Womack</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 3rd congressional district">3rd district</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Westerman" title="Bruce Westerman">Bruce Westerman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 4th congressional district">4th district</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-sw_146-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sw-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_and_government_of_Arkansas" title="Politics and government of Arkansas">Politics and government of Arkansas</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6">Party registration as of October 3, 2024<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Total voters </th> <th>Percentage </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_voter" title="Independent voter">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td align="center">1,581,556 </td> <td align="center">87.59% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td align="center">140,291 </td> <td align="center">7.47% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td align="center">88,969 </td> <td align="center">4.89% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="List of political parties in the United States">Other</a> </td> <td align="center">851 </td> <td align="center">0.05% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total </th> <th align="center">1,811,667 </th> <th align="center">100.00% </th></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_J._Clinton_Presidential_Library,_Little_Rock,_Arkansas_(exterior_view_-_2007).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/William_J._Clinton_Presidential_Library%2C_Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas_%28exterior_view_-_2007%29.jpg/220px-William_J._Clinton_Presidential_Library%2C_Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas_%28exterior_view_-_2007%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/William_J._Clinton_Presidential_Library%2C_Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas_%28exterior_view_-_2007%29.jpg/330px-William_J._Clinton_Presidential_Library%2C_Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas_%28exterior_view_-_2007%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/William_J._Clinton_Presidential_Library%2C_Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas_%28exterior_view_-_2007%29.jpg/440px-William_J._Clinton_Presidential_Library%2C_Little_Rock%2C_Arkansas_%28exterior_view_-_2007%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Presidential_Center" title="Clinton Presidential Center">Clinton Presidential Center</a> in Little Rock</figcaption></figure> <p>Arkansas governor <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> brought national attention to the state with a long speech at the <a href="/wiki/1988_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1988 Democratic National Convention">1988 Democratic National Convention</a> endorsing <a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis" title="Michael Dukakis">Michael Dukakis</a>. Some journalists suggested the speech was a threat to his ambitions; Clinton defined it "a comedy of error, just one of those fluky things".<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He won the Democratic nomination for president in 1992. Presenting himself as a "New Democrat" and using incumbent <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Read_my_lips:_no_new_taxes" title="Read my lips: no new taxes">broken promise</a> against him, Clinton won the <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 1992">1992 presidential election</a> with 43.0% of the vote to Bush's 37.5% and independent billionaire <a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot" title="Ross Perot">Ross Perot</a>'s 18.9%. </p><p>Most Republican strength traditionally lay mainly in the northwestern part of the state, particularly <a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith,_Arkansas" title="Fort Smith, Arkansas">Fort Smith</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bentonville,_Arkansas" title="Bentonville, Arkansas">Bentonville</a>, as well as North Central Arkansas around the <a href="/wiki/Mountain_Home,_Arkansas" title="Mountain Home, Arkansas">Mountain Home</a> area. In the latter area, Republicans have been known to get 90% or more of the vote, while the rest of the state was more Democratic. After 2010, Republican strength expanded further to the Northeast and Southwest and into the Little Rock suburbs. The Democrats are mostly concentrated to central Little Rock, the Mississippi Delta, the Pine Bluff area, and the areas around the southern border with Louisiana. </p><p>Arkansas has elected only three Republicans to the U.S. Senate since <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction era of the United States">Reconstruction</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tim_Hutchinson" title="Tim Hutchinson">Tim Hutchinson</a>, who was defeated after one term by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Pryor" title="Mark Pryor">Mark Pryor</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_Boozman" title="John Boozman">John Boozman</a>, who defeated incumbent <a href="/wiki/Blanche_Lincoln" title="Blanche Lincoln">Blanche Lincoln</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Tom Cotton</a>, who defeated Pryor in 2014. Before 2013, the General Assembly had not been controlled by the Republican Party since Reconstruction, with the GOP holding a 51-seat majority in the state House and a 21-seat (of 35) in the state Senate following victories in 2012. Arkansas was one of just three states among the states of the former <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederacy</a> that sent two Democrats to the U.S. Senate (the others being Florida and <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>) for any period during the first decade of the 21st century. </p><p>In 2010, Republicans captured three of the state's four seats in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a>. In 2012, they won election to all four House seats. Arkansas held the distinction of having a U.S. House delegation composed entirely of military veterans (<a href="/wiki/Rick_Crawford_(politician)" title="Rick Crawford (politician)">Rick Crawford</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a>; <a href="/wiki/Tim_Griffin" title="Tim Griffin">Tim Griffin</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Reserve" title="United States Army Reserve">Army Reserve</a>; <a href="/wiki/Steve_Womack" title="Steve Womack">Steve Womack</a>, Army <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="National Guard of the United States">National Guard</a>; <a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Tom Cotton</a>, Army). When Pryor was defeated in 2014, the entire congressional delegation was in GOP hands for the first time since <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction era of the United States">Reconstruction</a>. </p><p>Reflecting the state's large evangelical population, Arkansas has a strong <a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism" title="Social conservatism">social conservative</a> bent. In the aftermath of the landmark Supreme Court decision <i><a href="/wiki/Dobbs_v._Jackson_Women%27s_Health_Organization" title="Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization">Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization</a></i>, Arkansas became one of nine states where <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a> is banned.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkansas Constitution">Arkansas Constitution</a>, Arkansas is a <a href="/wiki/Right-to-work_law" title="Right-to-work law">right to work state</a>. Its voters passed a ban on <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a> in 2004, with 75% voting yes,<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although that ban has been inactive since the Supreme Court protected same-sex marriage in <i><a href="/wiki/Obergefell_v._Hodges" title="Obergefell v. Hodges">Obergefell v. Hodges</a></i>. </p><p>Arkansas retains the <a href="/wiki/Death_penalty" class="mw-redirect" title="Death penalty">death penalty</a>. Authorized methods of execution include the <a href="/wiki/Electric_chair" title="Electric chair">electric chair</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military">Military</h3></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command" title="Strategic Air Command">Strategic Air Command</a> facility of <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_Air_Force_Base" title="Little Rock Air Force Base">Little Rock Air Force Base</a> was one of eighteen silos in the command of the <a href="/wiki/308th_Armament_Systems_Wing#Intercontinental_Ballistic_Missiles" title="308th Armament Systems Wing">308th Strategic Missile Wing</a> (308th SMW), specifically one of the nine silos within its <a href="/wiki/374th_Strategic_Missile_Squadron" title="374th Strategic Missile Squadron">374th Strategic Missile Squadron</a> (374th SMS). The squadron was responsible for Launch Complex 374–7, site of the <a href="/wiki/1980_Damascus_Titan_missile_explosion" title="1980 Damascus Titan missile explosion">1980 explosion</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Titan_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titan (missile)">Titan<span class="nowrap"> </span>II</a> Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) in <a href="/wiki/Damascus,_Arkansas" title="Damascus, Arkansas">Damascus, Arkansas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taxation">Taxation</h3></div> <p>Taxes are collected by the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Department_of_Finance_and_Administration" title="Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration">Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health">Health</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_Arkansas" title="List of hospitals in Arkansas">List of hospitals in Arkansas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UAMSmedcenter.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UAMSmedcenter.JPG/220px-UAMSmedcenter.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UAMSmedcenter.JPG/330px-UAMSmedcenter.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/UAMSmedcenter.JPG/440px-UAMSmedcenter.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/UAMS_Medical_Center" title="UAMS Medical Center">UAMS Medical Center</a>, Little Rock</figcaption></figure> <p>As of 2012, Arkansas, as with many Southern states, has a high incidence of premature death, infant mortality, cardiovascular deaths, and occupational fatalities compared to the rest of the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-health_155-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-health-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state is tied for 43rd with <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> in percentage of adults who regularly exercise.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arkansas is usually ranked as one of the least healthy states due to high obesity, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle rates,<sup id="cite_ref-health_155-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-health-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but according to a Gallup poll, Arkansas made the most immediate progress in reducing its number of uninsured residents after the <a href="/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act</a> passed. The percentage of uninsured in Arkansas dropped from 22.5 in 2013 to 12.4 in August 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/List_of_smoking_bans_in_the_United_States#Arkansas" title="List of smoking bans in the United States">Arkansas Clean Indoor Air Act</a>, a statewide smoking ban excluding bars and some restaurants, went into effect in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Healthcare in Arkansas is provided by a network of hospitals as members of the Arkansas Hospital Association. Major institutions with multiple branches include Baptist Health, <a href="/wiki/Community_Health_Systems" title="Community Health Systems">Community Health Systems</a>, and <a href="/wiki/HealthSouth" class="mw-redirect" title="HealthSouth">HealthSouth</a>. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas_for_Medical_Sciences" title="University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences">University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences</a> (UAMS) in Little Rock operates the <a href="/wiki/UAMS_Medical_Center" title="UAMS Medical Center">UAMS Medical Center</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Teaching_hospital" title="Teaching hospital">teaching hospital</a> ranked as high performing nationally in <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nephrology" title="Nephrology">nephrology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pediatric division of UAMS Medical Center is known as <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Children%27s_Hospital" title="Arkansas Children's Hospital">Arkansas Children's Hospital</a>, nationally ranked in pediatric <a href="/wiki/Cardiology" title="Cardiology">cardiology</a> and heart surgery.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together, these two institutions are the state's only <a href="/wiki/Level_I_trauma_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Level I trauma center">Level I trauma centers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Arkansas" title="Education in Arkansas">Education in Arkansas</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Arkansas" title="List of colleges and universities in Arkansas">List of colleges and universities in Arkansas</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_high_schools_in_Arkansas" title="List of high schools in Arkansas">List of high schools in Arkansas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_school_districts_in_Arkansas" title="List of school districts in Arkansas">List of school districts in Arkansas</a></div> <p>Arkansas has 1,064 state-funded kindergartens, elementary, junior and senior high schools.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The state supports a network of public <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">universities</a> and colleges, including two major university systems: <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_State_University_System" title="Arkansas State University System">Arkansas State University System</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas_System" title="University of Arkansas System">University of Arkansas System</a>. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas" title="University of Arkansas">University of Arkansas</a>, flagship campus of the University of Arkansas System in Fayetteville was ranked #63 among public schools in the nation by <i><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other public institutions include <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas_at_Pine_Bluff" title="University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff">University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Tech_University" title="Arkansas Tech University">Arkansas Tech University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henderson_State_University" title="Henderson State University">Henderson State University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Arkansas_University" title="Southern Arkansas University">Southern Arkansas University</a>, and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Central_Arkansas" title="University of Central Arkansas">University of Central Arkansas</a> across the state. It is also home to 11 private colleges and universities including <a href="/wiki/Hendrix_College" title="Hendrix College">Hendrix College</a>, one of the nation's top 100 <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal arts">liberal arts</a> colleges, according to U.S. News & World Report.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1920s the state required all children to attend public schools. The school year was set at 131 days, although some areas were unable to meet that requirement.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Generally prohibited in the <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">West</a> at large, <a href="/wiki/School_corporal_punishment" title="School corporal punishment">school corporal punishment</a> is not unusual in Arkansas, with 20,083 public school students<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Paddle_(spanking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paddle (spanking)">paddled</a> at least one time, according to government data for the 2011–12 school year.<sup id="cite_ref-CORPUN_US_SCHOOL_168-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CORPUN_US_SCHOOL-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rate of corporal punishment in public schools is higher only in <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CORPUN_US_SCHOOL_168-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CORPUN_US_SCHOOL-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <span class="anonymous-show"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk%3AArkansas&preload=Template%3ASubmit+an+edit+request%2Fpreload&action=edit&section=new&editintro=Template%3AEdit+protected%2Feditintro&preloadtitle=Protected+edit+request+on+6+March+2025&preloadparams%5B%5D=edit+fully-protected&preloadparams%5B%5D=Arkansas">making an edit request</a></span></span><span class="user-show"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arkansas&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a> </span>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>As of 2010 many Arkansas local newspapers are owned by <a href="/wiki/WEHCO_Media" title="WEHCO Media">WEHCO Media</a>, Alabama-based Lancaster Management, Kentucky-based <a href="/wiki/Paxton_Media_Group" title="Paxton Media Group">Paxton Media Group</a>, Missouri-based <a href="/wiki/Rust_Communications" title="Rust Communications">Rust Communications</a>, Nevada-based <a href="/wiki/Stephens_Media_(newspapers)" title="Stephens Media (newspapers)">Stephens Media</a>, and New York-based <a href="/wiki/GateHouse_Media" title="GateHouse Media">GateHouse Media</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Arkansas" title="Special:EditPage/Arkansas">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Arkansas" title="Culture of Arkansas">Culture of Arkansas</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Van_Buren_Confederate_Monument_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Van_Buren_Confederate_Monument_001.jpg/106px-Van_Buren_Confederate_Monument_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="106" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Van_Buren_Confederate_Monument_001.jpg/158px-Van_Buren_Confederate_Monument_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Van_Buren_Confederate_Monument_001.jpg/211px-Van_Buren_Confederate_Monument_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2322" data-file-height="4128" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Van_Buren_Confederate_Monument" title="Van Buren Confederate Monument">Van Buren Confederate Monument</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Arkansas" title="Crawford County, Arkansas">Crawford County</a> Courthouse in <a href="/wiki/Van_Buren,_Arkansas" title="Van Buren, Arkansas">Van Buren, Arkansas</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The culture of Arkansas includes distinct cuisine, dialect, and traditional festivals. Sports are also very important to the culture, including football, baseball, basketball, hunting, and fishing. Perhaps the best-known aspect of Arkansas's culture is the stereotype that its citizens are shiftless hillbillies.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reputation began when early explorers characterized the state as a savage wilderness full of outlaws and thieves.<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most enduring icon of Arkansas's hillbilly reputation is <i><a href="/wiki/Edward_Washburn" title="Edward Washburn">The Arkansas Traveller</a></i>, a painted depiction of a folk tale from the 1840s.<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though intended to represent the divide between rich southeastern plantation Arkansas planters and the poor northwestern hill country, the meaning was twisted to represent a Northerner lost in the Ozarks on a white horse asking a backwoods Arkansan for directions.<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state also suffers from the racial stigma common to former Confederate states, with historical events such as the <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_Nine" title="Little Rock Nine">Little Rock Nine</a> adding to Arkansas's enduring image.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Art and history museums display pieces of cultural value for Arkansans and tourists to enjoy. <a href="/wiki/Crystal_Bridges_Museum_of_American_Art" title="Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art">Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bentonville,_Arkansas" title="Bentonville, Arkansas">Bentonville</a> was visited by 604,000 people in 2012, its first year.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The museum includes walking trails and educational opportunities in addition to displaying over 450 works covering five centuries of American art.<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several historic town sites have been restored as Arkansas <a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_state_parks" title="List of Arkansas state parks">state parks</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Historic_Washington_State_Park" title="Historic Washington State Park">Historic Washington State Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Powhatan_Historic_State_Park" title="Powhatan Historic State Park">Powhatan Historic State Park</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Davidsonville_Historic_State_Park" title="Davidsonville Historic State Park">Davidsonville Historic State Park</a>. </p><p>Arkansas features a variety of native music across the state, ranging from the <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a> heritage of <a href="/wiki/West_Memphis,_Arkansas" title="West Memphis, Arkansas">West Memphis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pine_Bluff,_Arkansas" title="Pine Bluff, Arkansas">Pine Bluff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helena%E2%80%93West_Helena,_Arkansas" title="Helena–West Helena, Arkansas">Helena–West Helena</a> to <a href="/wiki/Rockabilly" title="Rockabilly">rockabilly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bluegrass_music" title="Bluegrass music">bluegrass</a>, and folk music from the Ozarks. Festivals such as the <a href="/wiki/King_Biscuit_Blues_Festival" title="King Biscuit Blues Festival">King Biscuit Blues Festival</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bikes,_Blues,_and_BBQ" class="mw-redirect" title="Bikes, Blues, and BBQ">Bikes, Blues, and BBQ</a> pay homage to the history of blues in the state. The Ozark Folk Festival in <a href="/wiki/Mountain_View,_Arkansas" title="Mountain View, Arkansas">Mountain View</a> is a celebration of Ozark culture and often features folk and bluegrass musicians. Literature set in Arkansas such as <i><a href="/wiki/I_Know_Why_the_Caged_Bird_Sings" title="I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings">I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Maya_Angelou" title="Maya Angelou">Maya Angelou</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/A_Painted_House" title="A Painted House">A Painted House</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Grisham" title="John Grisham">John Grisham</a> describe the culture at various time periods. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports_and_recreation">Sports and recreation</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wapanocca_National_Wildlife_Refuge_Crittenden_County_AR_052.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wapanocca_National_Wildlife_Refuge_Crittenden_County_AR_052.jpg/220px-Wapanocca_National_Wildlife_Refuge_Crittenden_County_AR_052.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wapanocca_National_Wildlife_Refuge_Crittenden_County_AR_052.jpg/330px-Wapanocca_National_Wildlife_Refuge_Crittenden_County_AR_052.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wapanocca_National_Wildlife_Refuge_Crittenden_County_AR_052.jpg/440px-Wapanocca_National_Wildlife_Refuge_Crittenden_County_AR_052.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>The flooded, forested <a href="/wiki/Upland_and_lowland_(freshwater_ecology)#Lowland" class="mw-redirect" title="Upland and lowland (freshwater ecology)">bottomlands</a> of east Arkansas attract wintering waterfowl.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sports have become an integral part of the culture of Arkansas, and her residents enjoy participating in, betting on, and spectating various events throughout the year.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Team sports and especially collegiate football are important to Arkansans. College football in Arkansas began from humble beginnings, when the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas" title="University of Arkansas">University of Arkansas</a> first fielded a team in <a href="/wiki/1894_Arkansas_Cardinals_football_team" class="mw-redirect" title="1894 Arkansas Cardinals football team">1894</a>. Over the years, many Arkansans have looked to <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Razorbacks_football" title="Arkansas Razorbacks football">Arkansas Razorbacks football</a> as the public image of the state.<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the University of Arkansas is based in <a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Arkansas" title="Fayetteville, Arkansas">Fayetteville</a>, the Razorbacks have always played at least one game per season at <a href="/wiki/War_Memorial_Stadium_(Arkansas)" title="War Memorial Stadium (Arkansas)">War Memorial Stadium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a> in an effort to keep fan support in central and south Arkansas. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_State_University" title="Arkansas State University">Arkansas State University</a> became the second <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Football_Bowl_Subdivision" title="NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision">NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision</a> (FBS) (then known as Division I-A) team in the state in 1992 after playing in lower divisions for nearly two decades. The two schools have never played each other, due to the University of Arkansas's policy of not playing intrastate games.<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two other campuses of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas_System" title="University of Arkansas System">University of Arkansas System</a> are Division I members. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas_at_Pine_Bluff" title="University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff">University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff</a> is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Athletic_Conference" title="Southwestern Athletic Conference">Southwestern Athletic Conference</a>, a league whose members all play football in the second-level <a href="/wiki/Football_Championship_Subdivision" class="mw-redirect" title="Football Championship Subdivision">Football Championship Subdivision</a> (FCS). The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas_at_Little_Rock" title="University of Arkansas at Little Rock">University of Arkansas at Little Rock</a>, known for sports purposes as Little Rock, joined the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_Valley_Conference" title="Ohio Valley Conference">Ohio Valley Conference</a> in 2022 after playing in the <a href="/wiki/Sun_Belt_Conference" title="Sun Belt Conference">Sun Belt Conference</a>; unlike many other OVC members, it does not field <a href="/wiki/List_of_NCAA_Division_I_non-football_programs" title="List of NCAA Division I non-football programs">a football program</a>. The state's other Division<span class="nowrap"> </span>I member is the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Central_Arkansas" title="University of Central Arkansas">University of Central Arkansas</a> (UCA), which joined the <a href="/wiki/ASUN_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="ASUN Conference">ASUN Conference</a> in 2021 after leaving the FCS <a href="/wiki/Southland_Conference" title="Southland Conference">Southland Conference</a>. Because the ASUN does not plan to start FCS football competition until at least 2022, UCA football is competing in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Athletic_Conference" title="Western Athletic Conference">Western Athletic Conference</a> as part of a formal football partnership between the two leagues. Seven of Arkansas's smaller colleges play in <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_II" title="NCAA Division II">NCAA Division II</a>, with six in the <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Conference" title="Great American Conference">Great American Conference</a> and one in the <a href="/wiki/Lone_Star_Conference" title="Lone Star Conference">Lone Star Conference</a>. Two other small Arkansas colleges compete in <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_III" title="NCAA Division III">NCAA Division III</a>, in which <a href="/wiki/Athletic_scholarship" title="Athletic scholarship">athletic scholarships</a> are prohibited. High school football also began to grow in Arkansas in the early 20th century. </p><p>Baseball runs deep in Arkansas and was popular before the state hosted <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> (MLB) <a href="/wiki/Spring_training" title="Spring training">spring training</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs,_Arkansas" title="Hot Springs, Arkansas">Hot Springs</a> from 1886 to the 1920s. Two <a href="/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball" title="Minor League Baseball">minor league</a> teams are based in the state. The <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Travelers" title="Arkansas Travelers">Arkansas Travelers</a> play at <a href="/wiki/Dickey%E2%80%93Stephens_Park" title="Dickey–Stephens Park">Dickey–Stephens Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="North Little Rock, Arkansas">North Little Rock</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Arkansas_Naturals" title="Northwest Arkansas Naturals">Northwest Arkansas Naturals</a> play in <a href="/wiki/Arvest_Ballpark" title="Arvest Ballpark">Arvest Ballpark</a> in <a href="/wiki/Springdale,_Arkansas" title="Springdale, Arkansas">Springdale</a>. Both teams compete in <a href="/wiki/Double-A_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="Double-A Central">Double-A Central</a>. </p><p>Hunting continues in the state. The state created the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Game_and_Fish_Commission" title="Arkansas Game and Fish Commission">Arkansas Game and Fish Commission</a> in 1915 to regulate hunting.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today a significant portion of Arkansas's population participates in hunting <a href="/wiki/Duck" title="Duck">duck</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_flyway" class="mw-redirect" title="Mississippi flyway">Mississippi flyway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deer" title="Deer">deer</a> across the state.<sup id="cite_ref-Sutherlin_1996,_p._164_181-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sutherlin_1996,_p._164-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ducks_Unlimited" title="Ducks Unlimited">Ducks Unlimited</a> has called <a href="/wiki/Stuttgart,_Arkansas" title="Stuttgart, Arkansas">Stuttgart, Arkansas</a>, "the epicenter of the duck universe".<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Millions of acres of public land are available for both bow and modern gun hunters.<sup id="cite_ref-Sutherlin_1996,_p._164_181-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sutherlin_1996,_p._164-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fishing has always been popular in Arkansas,<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the sport and the state have benefited from the creation of reservoirs across the state. Following the completion of <a href="/wiki/Norfork_Dam" title="Norfork Dam">Norfork Dam</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Norfork_Tailwater" title="Norfork Tailwater">Norfork Tailwater</a> and the <a href="/wiki/White_River_(Arkansas)" class="mw-redirect" title="White River (Arkansas)">White River</a> have become a destination for <a href="/wiki/Trout" title="Trout">trout</a> fishers. Several smaller retirement communities such as <a href="/wiki/Bull_Shoals,_Arkansas" title="Bull Shoals, Arkansas">Bull Shoals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs_Village,_Arkansas" title="Hot Springs Village, Arkansas">Hot Springs Village</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fairfield_Bay,_Arkansas" title="Fairfield Bay, Arkansas">Fairfield Bay</a> have flourished due to their position on a fishing lake. The <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> has preserved the <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo National River</a> in its natural state and fly fishers visit it annually. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attractions">Attractions</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blanchard_Springs_II.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Blanchard_Springs_II.jpg/220px-Blanchard_Springs_II.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Blanchard_Springs_II.jpg/330px-Blanchard_Springs_II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Blanchard_Springs_II.jpg/440px-Blanchard_Springs_II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2588" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Blanchard_Springs_Caverns" title="Blanchard Springs Caverns">Blanchard Springs Caverns</a> in <a href="/wiki/Stone_County,_Arkansas" title="Stone County, Arkansas">Stone County</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Post_National_Memorial" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkansas Post National Memorial">Arkansas Post National Memorial</a> at <a href="/wiki/Gillett,_Arkansas" title="Gillett, Arkansas">Gillett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanchard_Springs_Caverns" title="Blanchard Springs Caverns">Blanchard Springs Caverns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo National River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith_National_Historic_Site" title="Fort Smith National Historic Site">Fort Smith National Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs_National_Park" title="Hot Springs National Park">Hot Springs National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_Central_High_School_National_Historic_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site">Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pea_Ridge_National_Military_Park" title="Pea Ridge National Military Park">Pea Ridge National Military Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site" title="President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home National Historic Site">President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home National Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_State_Capitol_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkansas State Capitol Building">Arkansas State Capitol Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_state_parks" title="List of Arkansas state parks">List of Arkansas state parks</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Arkansas-related_articles" title="Index of Arkansas-related articles">Index of Arkansas-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Arkansas" title="Outline of Arkansas">Outline of Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Louisiana" title="History of Louisiana">History of Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Arkansas" title="USS Arkansas">USS <i>Arkansas</i></a>, 5 ships</li> <li><i><b><small><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/48px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/64px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Arkansas" title="Portal:Arkansas">Arkansas portal</a></small></b></i></li> <li><i><b><small><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></small></b></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NAVD88-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NAVD88_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NAVD88_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Elevation adjusted to <a href="/wiki/North_American_Vertical_Datum_of_1988" title="North American Vertical Datum of 1988">North American Vertical Datum of 1988</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Geographic Names Index System (GNIS) of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a> (USGS) indicates that the official name of this feature is Magazine Mountain, not "Mount Magazine". Although not a hard and fast rule, generally "Mount X" is used for a peak and "X Mountain" is more frequently used for ridges, which better describes this feature. Magazine Mountain appears in the GNIS as a ridge,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with Signal Hill identified as its summit.<sup id="cite_ref-sh_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sh-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "<a href="/wiki/Mount_Magazine" title="Mount Magazine">Mount Magazine</a>" is the name used by the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Department_of_Parks_and_Tourism" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism">Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism</a>, which follows what the locals have used since the area was first settled.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arkansas-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Arkansas_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arkansas_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arkansas_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arkansas_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arkansas_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> The region was organized as the <a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Arkansaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Territory of Arkansaw">Territory of Arkansaw</a> on July 4, 1819, but the territory was admitted to the United States as the state of Arkansas on June 15, 1836. The name was historically pronounced <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɔː/: 'au' in 'fraud'">ɔː</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>, and several other variants. The residents of Arkansas have called themselves either "Arkansans" or "Arkansawyers". In 1881, the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_General_Assembly" title="Arkansas General Assembly">Arkansas General Assembly</a> passed the following concurrent resolution, now Arkansas Code<span class="nowrap"> </span>1 April<span class="nowrap"> </span>105:<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Whereas, confusion of practice has arisen in the pronunciation of the name of our state and it is deemed important that the true pronunciation should be determined for use in oral official proceedings. </p><p>And, whereas, the matter has been thoroughly investigated by the State Historical Society and the Eclectic Society of Little Rock, which have agreed upon the correct pronunciation as derived from history, and the early usage of the American immigrants. </p><p> Be it therefore resolved by both houses of the General Assembly, that the only true pronunciation of the name of the state, in the opinion of this body, is that received by the French from the native Indians and committed to writing in the French word representing the sound. It should be pronounced in three (3) syllables, with the final "s" silent, the "a" in each syllable with the Italian sound, and the accent on the first and last syllables. The pronunciation with the accent on the second syllable with the sound of "a" in "man" and the sounding of the terminal "s" is discouraged by Arkansans.</p></blockquote> Despite this, the state's name is still frequently mispronounced, especially by non-Americans; in fact, it is spelled in <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic alphabet">Cyrillic</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">ar-<span style="font-size:90%">KAN</span>-zəs</i></a> pronunciation. <p>Citizens of the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Kansas" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Kansas">state of Kansas</a> often pronounce the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas River</a> as <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>, in a manner similar to the common pronunciation of the name of their state. </p> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin are not distinguished between total and partial ancestry.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This figure refers to only the number of students paddled, regardless of whether a student was spanked multiple times in a year, and does not refer to the number of instances of corporal punishment, which would be substantially higher.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds_mark.prl?PidBox=FG1888">"Mag"</a>. <i>NGS Data Sheet</i>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._National_Geodetic_Survey" title="U.S. National Geodetic Survey">National Geodetic Survey</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Commerce" title="United States Department of Commerce">United States Department of Commerce</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NGS+Data+Sheet&rft.atitle=Mag&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ngs.noaa.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fds_mark.prl%3FPidBox%3DFG1888&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGS-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USGS_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGS_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111015012701/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html">"Elevations and Distances in the United States"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>. 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html">the original</a> on October 15, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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August 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/state/2008/myb2-2008-ar.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 9, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 11,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2008+Minerals+Yearbook&rft.atitle=The+Mineral+Industry+of+Arkansas&rft.date=2011-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fminerals.usgs.gov%2Fminerals%2Fpubs%2Fstate%2F2008%2Fmyb2-2008-ar.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/id/100003143">"Arkansas #20"</a>. <i>America's Best States for Business 2012</i>. CNBC. 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=America%27s+Best+States+for+Business+2012&rft.atitle=Arkansas+%2320&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2Fid%2F100003143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bls.gov/eag/eag.ar.htm">"Arkansas Economy at a Glance"</a>. <i>U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Bureau+of+Labor+Statistics&rft.atitle=Arkansas+Economy+at+a+Glance&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bls.gov%2Feag%2Feag.ar.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFlagel2010" class="citation book cs1">Flagel, Thomas R. (September 1, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7dH3lmpMbkgC&dq=arkansas+were+dependent+on+slave+labor+during+civil+war&pg=PA21"><i>The History Buff's Guide to the Civil War: The best, the worst, the largest, and the most lethal top ten rankings of the Civil War</i></a>. Sourcebooks, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4022-5487-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4022-5487-1"><bdi>978-1-4022-5487-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+Buff%27s+Guide+to+the+Civil+War%3A+The+best%2C+the+worst%2C+the+largest%2C+and+the+most+lethal+top+ten+rankings+of+the+Civil+War&rft.pub=Sourcebooks%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.isbn=978-1-4022-5487-1&rft.aulast=Flagel&rft.aufirst=Thomas+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7dH3lmpMbkgC%26dq%3Darkansas%2Bwere%2Bdependent%2Bon%2Bslave%2Blabor%2Bduring%2Bcivil%2Bwar%26pg%3DPA21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200212213253/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_5YR_DP03&prodType=table">"Selected Economic Characteristics 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates"</a>. United States Census Bureau. 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_5YR_DP03&prodType=table">the original</a> on February 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Selected+Economic+Characteristics+2006%E2%80%932010+American+Community+Survey+5-Year+Estimates&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Ffaces%2Ftableservices%2Fjsf%2Fpages%2Fproductview.xhtml%3Fpid%3DACS_10_5YR_DP03%26prodType%3Dtable&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-agcensus-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-agcensus_126-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-agcensus_126-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.agcensus.usda.gov/Publications/2007/Online_Highlights/County_Profiles/Arkansas/cp99005.pdf">"Arkansas State Profile"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Census of Agriculture</i>. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.agcensus.usda.gov/Publications/2007/Online_Highlights/County_Profiles/Arkansas/cp99005.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 9, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census+of+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Arkansas+State+Profile&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.agcensus.usda.gov%2FPublications%2F2007%2FOnline_Highlights%2FCounty_Profiles%2FArkansas%2Fcp99005.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, <i>Poultry—Production and Value, 2010 Summary</i>, data indicates Arkansas led the nation in 2008, 2009, and 2010, in both broilers and turkeys.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPelkki" class="citation web cs1">Pelkki, Matthew H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120928163327/http://arkansasagnews.uark.edu/afrc-007.2.1-20.pdf">"An Economic Assessment of Arkansas's Forest Industries: Challenges and Opportunities for the 21st Century"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Arkansas-Monticello School of Forest Resources, Arkansas Forest Resources Center, University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arkansasagnews.uark.edu/afrc-007.2.1-20.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on September 28, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Economic+Assessment+of+Arkansas%27s+Forest+Industries%3A+Challenges+and+Opportunities+for+the+21st+Century&rft.pub=University+of+Arkansas-Monticello+School+of+Forest+Resources%2C+Arkansas+Forest+Resources+Center%2C+University+of+Arkansas+Division+of+Agriculture&rft.aulast=Pelkki&rft.aufirst=Matthew+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farkansasagnews.uark.edu%2Fafrc-007.2.1-20.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBush" class="citation web cs1">Bush, William V. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117082700/http://www.geology.arkansas.gov/pdf/pamphlets/Bauxite.pdf">"History of Bauxite in Arkansas"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Arkansas Geological Survey. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geology.arkansas.gov/pdf/pamphlets/Bauxite.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on January 17, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Bauxite+in+Arkansas&rft.pub=Arkansas+Geological+Survey&rft.aulast=Bush&rft.aufirst=William+V.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geology.arkansas.gov%2Fpdf%2Fpamphlets%2FBauxite.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFestival" class="citation web cs1">Festival, Tontitown Grape. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tontitowngrapefestival.com/">"Tontitown Grape Festival"</a>. <i>Tontitown Grape Festival</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55728-040-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55728-040-4"><bdi>978-1-55728-040-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/555740849">555740849</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arkansas&rft.place=Fayetteville%2C+AR&rft.pub=University+of+Arkansas+Press&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F555740849&rft.isbn=978-1-55728-040-4&rft.aulast=Fletcher&rft.aufirst=John+Gould&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohnson1965" class="citation journal cs1">Johnson, William R. (Spring 1965). "Prelude to the Missouri Compromise: A New York Congressman's Effort to Exclude Slavery from Arkansas Territory". <i>Arkansas Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>24</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">47–</span>66. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F40023964">10.2307/40023964</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40023964">40023964</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arkansas+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Prelude+to+the+Missouri+Compromise%3A+A+New+York+Congressman%27s+Effort+to+Exclude+Slavery+from+Arkansas+Territory&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E47-%3C%2Fspan%3E66&rft.date=1965&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F40023964&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40023964%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=William+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFScroggs1961" class="citation journal cs1">Scroggs, Jack B (Autumn 1961). "Arkansas Statehood: A Study in State and National Political Schism". <i>Arkansas Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>20</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">227–</span>244. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F40038048">10.2307/40038048</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40038048">40038048</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arkansas+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Arkansas+Statehood%3A+A+Study+in+State+and+National+Political+Schism&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E227-%3C%2Fspan%3E244&rft.date=1961&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F40038048&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40038048%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Scroggs&rft.aufirst=Jack+B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmith1989" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Richard M. (1989). <i>The Atlas of Arkansas</i>. The University of Arkansas Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1557280473" title="Special:BookSources/978-1557280473"><bdi>978-1557280473</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Atlas+of+Arkansas&rft.pub=The+University+of+Arkansas+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-1557280473&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Richard+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWhite1962" class="citation journal cs1">White, Lonnie J. (Autumn 1962). "Arkansas Territorial Indian Affairs". <i>Arkansas Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>21</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">193–</span>212. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F40018929">10.2307/40018929</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40018929">40018929</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arkansas+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Arkansas+Territorial+Indian+Affairs&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E193-%3C%2Fspan%3E212&rft.date=1962&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F40018929&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40018929%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Lonnie+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSutherlin1996" class="citation book cs1">Sutherlin, Diann (1996). <i>The Arkansas Handbook</i> (2nd ed.). Little Rock, Arkansas: Fly By Night Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-932531-03-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-932531-03-2"><bdi>978-0-932531-03-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/95-90761">95-90761</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Arkansas+Handbook&rft.place=Little+Rock%2C+Arkansas&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Fly+By+Night+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F95-90761&rft.isbn=978-0-932531-03-2&rft.aulast=Sutherlin&rft.aufirst=Diann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The WPA Guide to 1930s Arkansas</i>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Writers%27_Project" title="Federal Writers' Project">Federal Writers' Project</a> (1st paperback ed.). <a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Kansas" title="Lawrence, Kansas">Lawrence, KS</a>: University Press of Kansas. 1987 [1941]. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0700603411" title="Special:BookSources/978-0700603411"><bdi>978-0700603411</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/87-81307">87-81307</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+WPA+Guide+to+1930s+Arkansas&rft.place=Lawrence%2C+KS&rft.series=Federal+Writers%27+Project&rft.edition=1st+paperback&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F87-81307&rft.isbn=978-0700603411&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArkansas" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li>Blair, Diane D. & Jay Barth <i>Arkansas Politics & Government: Do the People Rule?</i> (2005)</li> <li>Deblack, Thomas A. <i>With Fire and Sword: Arkansas, 1861–1874</i> (2003)</li> <li>Donovan, Timothy P. and Willard B. Gatewood Jr., eds. <i>The Governors of Arkansas</i> (1981)</li> <li>Dougan, Michael B. <i>Confederate Arkansas</i> (1982),</li> <li>Duvall, Leland. ed., <i>Arkansas: Colony and State</i> (1973)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dvMZ_YNpYrYC&dq=peter+joseph+hamilton+reconstruction+period&pg=PP16">Hamilton, Peter Joseph. <i>The Reconstruction Period</i></a> (1906), full length history of era; <a href="/wiki/Dunning_School" title="Dunning School">Dunning School</a> approach; 570 pp; ch 13 on Arkansas</li> <li>Hanson, Gerald T. and Carl H. Moneyhon. <i>Historical Atlas of Arkansas</i> (1992)</li> <li>Key, V. O. <i>Southern Politics</i> (1949)</li> <li>Kirk, John A., <i>Redefining the Color Line: Black Activism in Little Rock, Arkansas, 1940–1970</i> (2002).</li> <li>McMath, Sidney S. <i>Promises Kept</i> (2003)</li> <li>Moore, Waddy W. ed., <i>Arkansas in the Gilded Age, 1874–1900</i> (1976).</li> <li>Peirce, Neal R. <i>The Deep South States of America: People, Politics, and Power in the Seven Deep South States</i> (1974).</li> <li>Thompson, Brock. <i>The Un-Natural State: Arkansas and the Queer South</i> (2010)</li> <li>Thompson, George H. <i>Arkansas and Reconstruction</i> (1976)</li> <li>Whayne, Jeannie M. <i>Arkansas Biography: A Collection of Notable Lives</i> (2000)</li> <li>White, Lonnie J. <i>Politics on the Southwestern Frontier: Arkansas Territory, 1819–1836</i> (1964)</li> <li>Williams, C. Fred. ed. <i>A Documentary History Of Arkansas</i> (2005)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Arkansas</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Arkansas" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Arkansas">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Arkansas" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Arkansas">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Arkansas" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Arkansas">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Arkansas" class="extiw" title="q:Arkansas">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Arkansas" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Arkansas">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Arkansas" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Arkansas">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Arkansas" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Arkansas">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Arkansas" class="extiw" title="voy:Arkansas">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arkansas.gov/">Arkansas.gov</a>—Official State Website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/state-fact-sheets/state-data.aspx?StateFIPS=05&StateName=Arkansas#.U8FpBLH-ItU">Arkansas State Facts from USDA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160824212729/http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/state-fact-sheets/state-data.aspx?StateFIPS=05&StateName=Arkansas#.U8FpBLH-ItU">Archived</a> August 24, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arkansas.com">Official State tourism website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/"><i>Encyclopedia of Arkansas</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/state/state_energy_profiles.cfm?sid=AR">Energy & Environmental Data for Arkansas</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110104031416/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/05000.html">U.S. Census Bureau</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.census.gov/census_2000/datasets/demographic_profile/Arkansas/2kh05.pdf">2000 Census of Population and Housing for Arkansas</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Census Bureau">U.S. Census Bureau</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?State=AR">USGS real-time, geographic, and other scientific resources of Arkansas</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120728123638/http://www.summercampsus.com/arkansas-summer-camps/">Arkansas Summer Camps</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arkshakes.com">Arkansas Shakespeare Theatre</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201219003526/https://www.arkshakes.com/">Archived</a> December 19, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Arkansas">Arkansas</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ballotpedia" title="Ballotpedia">Ballotpedia</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/161646">Arkansas</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081013051630/http://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/data/ar_code.asp">Arkansas State Code (the state statutes of Arkansas)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518075409/http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Arkansas">Arkansas State Databases</a>—Annotated list of searchable databases produced by Arkansas state agencies and compiled by the Government Documents Roundtable of the American Library Association.</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union" title="List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union">List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union</a> </b><br />Admitted on June 15, 1836 (25th) </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output 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mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arkansas" title="Template:Arkansas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arkansas" title="Template talk:Arkansas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arkansas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arkansas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Arkansas445" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Arkansas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Arkansas-related_articles" title="Index of Arkansas-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Arkansas" title="Outline of Arkansas">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Arkansas" title="List of people from Arkansas">Arkansans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_Arkansas" title="Aviation in Arkansas">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Arkansas" title="Climate change in Arkansas">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Arkansas" title="List of colleges and universities in Arkansas">Colleges and universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Arkansas" title="United States congressional delegations from Arkansas">Congressional delegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_government_in_Arkansas" title="County government in Arkansas">County government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Arkansas" title="Energy in Arkansas">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Arkansas" title="Geography of Arkansas">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_and_government_of_Arkansas#Law_and_government" title="Politics and government of Arkansas">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Arkansas" title="List of governors of Arkansas">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_high_schools_in_Arkansas" title="List of high schools in Arkansas">High schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Arkansas" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in Arkansas">Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Arkansas" title="History of Arkansas">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Arkansas">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Images_of_Arkansas" title="Category:Images of Arkansas">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Arkansas" title="List of lakes of Arkansas">Lakes</a></li> <li>Law <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Arkansas" title="Constitution of Arkansas">Constitution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Arkansas" title="Category:Mass media in Arkansas">Mass media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Arkansas" title="List of newspapers in Arkansas">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Arkansas" title="List of radio stations in Arkansas">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Arkansas" title="List of television stations in Arkansas">TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Arkansas" title="Music of Arkansas">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleontology_in_Arkansas" title="Paleontology in Arkansas">Paleontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Arkansas" title="List of places in Arkansas">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Arkansas" title="List of rivers of Arkansas">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_school_districts_in_Arkansas" title="List of school districts in Arkansas">School districts</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Sports_and_recreation">Sports and recreation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_state_parks" title="List of Arkansas state parks">State parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_state_symbols" title="List of Arkansas state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Territory" title="Arkansas Territory">Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Arkansas" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Arkansas">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_townships" title="List of Arkansas townships">Townships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation in Arkansas">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_in_Arkansas" title="Water in Arkansas">Water</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Arkansas" title="Abortion in Arkansas">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Arkansas" title="Crime in Arkansas">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Arkansas" title="Culture of Arkansas">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Arkansas" title="Demographics of Arkansas">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Arkansas" title="Economy of Arkansas">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Arkansas" title="Education in Arkansas">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Arkansas" title="Gun laws in Arkansas">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Arkansas">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_and_government_of_Arkansas" title="Politics and government of Arkansas">Politics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Arkansas" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_River_Valley" title="Arkansas River Valley">Arkansas River Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ark-La-Tex" title="Ark-La-Tex">Ark-La-Tex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayou_Bartholomew" title="Bayou Bartholomew">Bayou Bartholomew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Mountains" title="Boston Mountains">Boston Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Arkansas" title="Central Arkansas">Central Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowley%27s_Ridge" title="Crowley's Ridge">Crowley's Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Delta" title="Arkansas Delta">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_State_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Four State Area">Four State Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonald_Territory" title="McDonald Territory">McDonald Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Alluvial_Plain" title="Mississippi Alluvial Plain">Mississippi Alluvial Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Madrid_seismic_zone" title="New Madrid seismic zone">New Madrid seismic zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Arkansas" title="Northwest Arkansas">Northwest Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouachita_Mountains" title="Ouachita Mountains">Ouachita Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozarks" title="Ozarks">Ozarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piney_Woods" title="Piney Woods">Piney Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Arkansas" title="South Arkansas">South Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Timberlands" title="Arkansas Timberlands">Timberlands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_metropolitan_areas" title="Arkansas metropolitan areas">Metros</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Arkansas" title="Central Arkansas">Central Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Arkansas" title="Northwest Arkansas">Northwest Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith_metropolitan_area" title="Fort Smith metropolitan area">Fort Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texarkana_metropolitan_area" title="Texarkana metropolitan area">Texarkana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonesboro_metropolitan_area" title="Jonesboro metropolitan area">Jonesboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_Bluff_metropolitan_area" title="Pine Bluff metropolitan area">Pine Bluff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland_County,_Arkansas" title="Garland County, Arkansas">Hot Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_metropolitan_area" title="Memphis metropolitan area">Tri-State</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities and towns in Arkansas">Largest<br />cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith,_Arkansas" title="Fort Smith, Arkansas">Fort Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Arkansas" title="Fayetteville, Arkansas">Fayetteville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springdale,_Arkansas" title="Springdale, Arkansas">Springdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonesboro,_Arkansas" title="Jonesboro, Arkansas">Jonesboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="North Little Rock, Arkansas">North Little Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conway,_Arkansas" title="Conway, Arkansas">Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers,_Arkansas" title="Rogers, Arkansas">Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_Bluff,_Arkansas" title="Pine Bluff, Arkansas">Pine Bluff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bentonville,_Arkansas" title="Bentonville, Arkansas">Bentonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs,_Arkansas" title="Hot Springs, Arkansas">Hot Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton,_Arkansas" title="Benton, Arkansas">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texarkana,_Arkansas" title="Texarkana, Arkansas">Texarkana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherwood,_Arkansas" title="Sherwood, Arkansas">Sherwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Arkansas" title="Jacksonville, Arkansas">Jacksonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russellville,_Arkansas" title="Russellville, Arkansas">Russellville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bella_Vista,_Arkansas" title="Bella Vista, Arkansas">Bella Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Memphis,_Arkansas" title="West Memphis, Arkansas">West Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paragould,_Arkansas" title="Paragould, Arkansas">Paragould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabot,_Arkansas" title="Cabot, Arkansas">Cabot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Arkansas" title="List of counties in Arkansas">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_County,_Arkansas" title="Arkansas County, Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_County,_Arkansas" title="Ashley County, Arkansas">Ashley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baxter_County,_Arkansas" title="Baxter County, Arkansas">Baxter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton_County,_Arkansas" title="Benton County, Arkansas">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boone_County,_Arkansas" title="Boone County, Arkansas">Boone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_County,_Arkansas" title="Bradley County, Arkansas">Bradley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calhoun_County,_Arkansas" title="Calhoun County, Arkansas">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_County,_Arkansas" title="Carroll County, Arkansas">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicot_County,_Arkansas" title="Chicot County, Arkansas">Chicot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_County,_Arkansas" title="Clark County, Arkansas">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay_County,_Arkansas" title="Clay County, Arkansas">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleburne_County,_Arkansas" title="Cleburne County, Arkansas">Cleburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_County,_Arkansas" title="Cleveland County, Arkansas">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_County,_Arkansas" title="Columbia County, Arkansas">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conway_County,_Arkansas" title="Conway County, Arkansas">Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craighead_County,_Arkansas" title="Craighead County, Arkansas">Craighead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Arkansas" title="Crawford County, Arkansas">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crittenden_County,_Arkansas" title="Crittenden County, Arkansas">Crittenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_County,_Arkansas" title="Cross County, Arkansas">Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_County,_Arkansas" title="Dallas County, Arkansas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desha_County,_Arkansas" title="Desha County, Arkansas">Desha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_County,_Arkansas" title="Drew County, Arkansas">Drew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faulkner_County,_Arkansas" title="Faulkner County, Arkansas">Faulkner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Arkansas" title="Franklin County, Arkansas">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_County,_Arkansas" title="Fulton County, Arkansas">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland_County,_Arkansas" title="Garland County, Arkansas">Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_County,_Arkansas" title="Grant County, Arkansas">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greene_County,_Arkansas" title="Greene County, Arkansas">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hempstead_County,_Arkansas" title="Hempstead County, Arkansas">Hempstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Spring_County,_Arkansas" title="Hot Spring County, Arkansas">Hot Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_County,_Arkansas" title="Howard County, Arkansas">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_County,_Arkansas" title="Independence County, Arkansas">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izard_County,_Arkansas" title="Izard County, Arkansas">Izard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Arkansas" title="Jackson County, Arkansas">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Arkansas" title="Jefferson County, Arkansas">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_County,_Arkansas" title="Johnson County, Arkansas">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_County,_Arkansas" title="Lafayette County, Arkansas">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_County,_Arkansas" title="Lawrence County, Arkansas">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_County,_Arkansas" title="Lee County, Arkansas">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_County,_Arkansas" title="Lincoln County, Arkansas">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_River_County,_Arkansas" title="Little River County, Arkansas">Little River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logan_County,_Arkansas" title="Logan County, Arkansas">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lonoke_County,_Arkansas" title="Lonoke County, Arkansas">Lonoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_County,_Arkansas" title="Madison County, Arkansas">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_County,_Arkansas" title="Marion County, Arkansas">Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miller_County,_Arkansas" title="Miller County, Arkansas">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_County,_Arkansas" title="Mississippi County, Arkansas">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_County,_Arkansas" title="Monroe County, Arkansas">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Arkansas" title="Montgomery County, Arkansas">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_County,_Arkansas" title="Nevada County, Arkansas">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_County,_Arkansas" title="Newton County, Arkansas">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouachita_County,_Arkansas" title="Ouachita County, Arkansas">Ouachita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_County,_Arkansas" title="Perry County, Arkansas">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips_County,_Arkansas" title="Phillips County, Arkansas">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_County,_Arkansas" title="Pike County, Arkansas">Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poinsett_County,_Arkansas" title="Poinsett County, Arkansas">Poinsett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polk_County,_Arkansas" title="Polk County, Arkansas">Polk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_County,_Arkansas" title="Pope County, Arkansas">Pope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_County,_Arkansas" title="Prairie County, Arkansas">Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_County,_Arkansas" title="Pulaski County, Arkansas">Pulaski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph_County,_Arkansas" title="Randolph County, Arkansas">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Francis_County,_Arkansas" title="St. Francis County, Arkansas">St. Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saline_County,_Arkansas" title="Saline County, Arkansas">Saline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_County,_Arkansas" title="Scott County, Arkansas">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Searcy_County,_Arkansas" title="Searcy County, Arkansas">Searcy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_County,_Arkansas" title="Sebastian County, Arkansas">Sebastian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevier_County,_Arkansas" title="Sevier County, Arkansas">Sevier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharp_County,_Arkansas" title="Sharp County, Arkansas">Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_County,_Arkansas" title="Stone County, Arkansas">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_County,_Arkansas" title="Union County, Arkansas">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Buren_County,_Arkansas" title="Van Buren County, Arkansas">Van Buren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Arkansas" title="Washington County, Arkansas">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_County,_Arkansas" title="White County, Arkansas">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodruff_County,_Arkansas" title="Woodruff County, Arkansas">Woodruff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yell_County,_Arkansas" title="Yell County, Arkansas">Yell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/48px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/64px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Arkansas" title="Portal:Arkansas">Arkansas portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Protected_areas_in_Arkansas161" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#bbeb85;;background:#abdb75;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Protected_areas_of_Arkansas" title="Template:Protected areas of Arkansas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Protected_areas_of_Arkansas" title="Template talk:Protected areas of Arkansas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Protected_areas_of_Arkansas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Protected areas of Arkansas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Protected_areas_in_Arkansas161" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_the_United_States" title="Protected areas of the United States">Protected areas</a> in <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Arkansas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#bbeb85;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">Federal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs_National_Park" title="Hot Springs National Park">Hot Springs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National Historic Sites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith_National_Historic_Site" title="Fort Smith National Historic Site">Fort Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_Central_High_School_National_Historic_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site">Little Rock Central High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site" title="President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home National Historic Site">President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/National_forest_(United_States)" title="National forest (United States)">National Forests</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ouachita_National_Forest" title="Ouachita National Forest">Ouachita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozark%E2%80%93St._Francis_National_Forest" title="Ozark–St. Francis National Forest">Ozark–St. Francis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_memorials_of_the_United_States" title="List of national memorials of the United States">National Memorial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Post" title="Arkansas Post">Arkansas Post</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System#National_battlefields" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National Military Park</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pea_Ridge_National_Military_Park" title="Pea Ridge National Military Park">Pea Ridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_in_the_United_States_National_Park_System#National_rivers" title="List of areas in the United States National Park System">National River</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="National Wildlife Refuge">National Wildlife Refuges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bald_Knob_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Bald Knob National Wildlife Refuge">Bald Knob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Lake_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Big Lake National Wildlife Refuge">Big Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cache_River_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Cache River National Wildlife Refuge">Cache River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felsenthal_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge">Felsenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holla_Bend_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Holla Bend National Wildlife Refuge">Holla Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logan_Cave_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Logan Cave National Wildlife Refuge">Logan Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overflow_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Overflow National Wildlife Refuge">Overflow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pond_Creek_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Pond Creek National Wildlife Refuge">Pond Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wapanocca_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Wapanocca National Wildlife Refuge">Wapanocca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_River_National_Wildlife_Refuge" title="White River National Wildlife Refuge">White River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_wilderness_areas_of_the_United_States" title="List of wilderness areas of the United States">Wilderness Areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Lake_Wilderness" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Lake Wilderness">Big Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Fork_Mountain_Wilderness" title="Black Fork Mountain Wilderness">Black Fork Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_National_River" title="Buffalo National River">Buffalo National River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caney_Creek_Wilderness" title="Caney Creek Wilderness">Caney Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_Creek,_Alaska" title="Dry Creek, Alaska">Dry Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Fork_High_Rock_Canyon_Wilderness" title="East Fork High Rock Canyon Wilderness">East Fork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatside_Wilderness" title="Flatside Wilderness">Flatside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Creek_(Arkansas)" title="Hurricane Creek (Arkansas)">Hurricane Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leatherwood_Wilderness" title="Leatherwood Wilderness">Leatherwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poteau_Valley_Railroad" title="Poteau Valley Railroad">Poteau Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richland_Creek_Wilderness" title="Richland Creek Wilderness">Richland Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Buffalo_Wilderness" title="Upper Buffalo Wilderness">Upper Buffalo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/National_Wild_and_Scenic_Rivers_System" title="National Wild and Scenic Rivers System">National Wild and Scenic Rivers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Piney_Creek" title="Big Piney Creek">Big Piney Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossatot_River" title="Cossatot River">Cossatot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Creek_(Arkansas)" title="Hurricane Creek (Arkansas)">Hurricane Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Missouri_River_(Arkansas)" title="Little Missouri River (Arkansas)">Little Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulberry_River_(Arkansas)" title="Mulberry River (Arkansas)">Mulberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sylamore_Creek" title="North Sylamore Creek">North Sylamore Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richland_Creek_Wilderness" title="Richland Creek Wilderness">Richland Creek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#bbeb85;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_state_parks" title="List of Arkansas state parks">State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_state_parks" title="List of Arkansas state parks">State Parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Post" title="Arkansas Post">Arkansas Post Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bull_Shoals-White_River_State_Park" title="Bull Shoals-White River State Park">Bull Shoals-White River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cane_Creek_State_Park" title="Cane Creek State Park">Cane Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conway_Cemetery_State_Park" title="Conway Cemetery State Park">Conway Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossatot_River_State_Park-Natural_Area" title="Cossatot River State Park-Natural Area">Cossatot River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crater_of_Diamonds_State_Park" title="Crater of Diamonds State Park">Crater of Diamonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowley%27s_Ridge_State_Park" title="Crowley's Ridge State Park">Crowley's Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daisy_State_Park" title="Daisy State Park">Daisy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davidsonville_Historic_State_Park" title="Davidsonville Historic State Park">Davidsonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeGray_Lake_Resort_State_Park" title="DeGray Lake Resort State Park">DeGray Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Heritage_Trail_State_Park" title="Delta Heritage Trail State Park">Delta Heritage Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Den_State_Park" title="Devil's Den State Park">Devil's Den</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampson_Archeological_Museum_State_Park" title="Hampson Archeological Museum State Park">Hampson Archeological Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Davis_State_Park" title="Herman Davis State Park">Herman Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Washington_State_Park" title="Historic Washington State Park">Historic Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobbs_State_Park_%E2%80%93_Conservation_Area" title="Hobbs State Park – Conservation Area">Hobbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonport_State_Park" title="Jacksonport State Park">Jacksonport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenkins%27_Ferry_Battleground_State_Park" title="Jenkins' Ferry Battleground State Park">Jenkins' Ferry Battleground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Catherine_State_Park" title="Lake Catherine State Park">Lake Catherine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Charles_State_Park" title="Lake Charles State Park">Lake Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Chicot_State_Park" title="Lake Chicot State Park">Lake Chicot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Dardanelle" title="Lake Dardanelle">Lake Dardanelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Fort_Smith_State_Park" title="Lake Fort Smith State Park">Lake Fort Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Frierson_State_Park" title="Lake Frierson State Park">Lake Frierson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Ouachita_State_Park" title="Lake Ouachita State Park">Lake Ouachita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Poinsett_State_Park" title="Lake Poinsett State Park">Lake Poinsett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logoly_State_Park" title="Logoly State Park">Logoly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase_Historic_State_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana Purchase Historic State Park">Louisiana Purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_White_River_Museum_State_Park" title="Lower White River Museum State Park">Lower White River Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammoth_Spring_State_Park" title="Mammoth Spring State Park">Mammoth Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marks%27_Mills_Battleground_State_Park" title="Marks' Mills Battleground State Park">Marks' Mills Battleground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millwood_State_Park" title="Millwood State Park">Millwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morro_Bay_State_Park" title="Morro Bay State Park">Moro Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Magazine_State_Park" title="Mount Magazine State Park">Mount Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Nebo_(Arkansas)" title="Mount Nebo (Arkansas)">Mount Nebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Museum_of_Natural_Resources" title="Arkansas Museum of Natural Resources">Museum of Natural Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozark_Folk_Center" title="Ozark Folk Center">Ozark Folk Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkin_Archeological_State_Park" title="Parkin Archeological State Park">Parkin Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Jean_State_Park" title="Petit Jean State Park">Petit Jean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinnacle_Mountain_State_Park" title="Pinnacle Mountain State Park">Pinnacle Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantation_Agriculture_Museum" title="Plantation Agriculture Museum">Plantation Agriculture Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plum_Bayou_Mounds_Archeological_State_Park" title="Plum Bayou Mounds Archeological State Park">Plum Bayou Mounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poison_Springs_Battleground_State_Park" title="Poison Springs Battleground State Park">Poison Springs Battleground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powhatan_Historic_State_Park" title="Powhatan Historic State Park">Powhatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_Grove_Battlefield_State_Park" title="Prairie Grove Battlefield State Park">Prairie Grove Battlefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Wilhelmina_State_Park" title="Queen Wilhelmina State Park">Queen Wilhelmina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Arkansas_Arboretum" title="South Arkansas Arboretum">South Arkansas Arboretum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village_Creek_State_Park_(Arkansas)" title="Village Creek State Park (Arkansas)">Village Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Oak_Lake_State_Park" title="White Oak Lake State Park">White Oak Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withrow_Springs_State_Park" title="Withrow Springs State Park">Withrow Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolly_Hollow_State_Park" title="Woolly Hollow State Park">Woolly Hollow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arkansas_state_forests" title="List of Arkansas state forests">State Forest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poison_Springs_State_Forest" title="Poison Springs State Forest">Poison Springs State Forest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;"><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_Management_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildlife Management Area">Wildlife Management Areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Wildlife_Management_Areas_in_Arkansas" title="List of Wildlife Management Areas in Arkansas">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/16px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/24px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Arkansas" title="Portal:Arkansas">Arkansas portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Southern_United_States164" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Southern_United_States" title="Template:Southern United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Southern_United_States" title="Template talk:Southern United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Southern_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Southern United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Southern_United_States164" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Southern United States">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Culture of the Southern United States">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_American_English" title="Southern American English">Dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States#Economy" title="Southern United States">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States#Geography" title="Southern United States">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Politics of the Southern United States">Government and politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="History of the Southern United States">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States#Sports" title="Southern United States">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Southerners" title="Black Southerners">Black Southerners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Southerners" title="White Southerners">White Southerners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">Federal districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">District of Columbia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">Major cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham,_Alabama" title="Birmingham, Alabama">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston (SC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia">Charleston (WV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greensboro,_North_Carolina" title="Greensboro, North Carolina">Greensboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton,_Virginia" title="Hampton, Virginia">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hialeah,_Florida" title="Hialeah, Florida">Hialeah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_News,_Virginia" title="Newport News, Virginia">Newport News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth,_Virginia" title="Portsmouth, Virginia">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Delaware" title="Wilmington, Delaware">Wilmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem,_North_Carolina" title="Winston-Salem, North Carolina">Winston-Salem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">State capitals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia">Charleston (WV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover,_Delaware" title="Dover, Delaware">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Mississippi" title="Jackson, Mississippi">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery,_Alabama" title="Montgomery, Alabama">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_France265" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_France" title="Template:New France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_France" title="Template talk:New France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_France265" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_France" title="New France">New France</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="French colonization of the Americas">French colonization of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">French colonial empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_New_France_history" title="Timeline of New France history">Timeline of New France history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Quebec_history_(beginnings%E2%80%931533)" title="Timeline of Quebec history (beginnings–1533)">Beginnings–1533</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_New_France_history_(1534%E2%80%931607)" title="Timeline of New France history (1534–1607)">1534–1607</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Quebec_history_(1608%E2%80%931662)" title="Timeline of Quebec history (1608–1662)">1608–1662</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Quebec_history_(1663%E2%80%931759)" title="Timeline of Quebec history (1663–1759)">1663–1759</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">1763 Treaty of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Quebec" title="History of Quebec">History of Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Acadians" title="History of the Acadians">History of the Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Franco-Americans" title="History of the Franco-Americans">History of the French-Americans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colonies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadia" title="Acadia">Acadia</a> (1604–1713)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_(New_France)" title="Canada (New France)">Canada</a> (1608–1763)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terre-Neuve_(New_France)" title="Terre-Neuve (New France)">Terre-Neuve</a> (1662–1713)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_France)" title="Louisiana (New France)">Louisiana</a> (1682–1763, 1801–1803)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_Island" title="Cape Breton Island">Île Royale</a> (1713–1763)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Country" title="Illinois Country">Illinois Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Country" title="Ohio Country">Ohio Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pays_d%27en_Haut" title="Pays d'en Haut">Pays d'en Haut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domaine_du_roy" title="Domaine du roy">Domaine du roy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_villages_in_New_France" title="List of towns and villages in New France">Towns and<br /> villages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Acadie <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port-Royal_(Acadia)" title="Port-Royal (Acadia)">Port Royal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Canada <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Quebec_City" title="History of Quebec City">Quebec City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Montreal" title="History of Montreal">Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Detroit" title="History of Detroit">Détroit</a></li></ul></li> <li>Île Royale <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_of_Louisbourg" title="Fortress of Louisbourg">Louisbourg</a></li></ul></li> <li>Louisiane <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Mobile,_Alabama" title="History of Mobile, Alabama">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biloxi,_Mississippi" title="Biloxi, Mississippi">Biloxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_Orleans" title="History of New Orleans">New Orleans</a></li></ul></li> <li>Terre-Neuve <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Placentia,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Placentia, Newfoundland and Labrador">Plaisance</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_forts_in_North_America" title="List of French forts in North America">List of French forts in North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Rouill%C3%A9" title="Fort Rouillé">Fort Rouillé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Michilimackinac" title="Fort Michilimackinac">Fort Michilimackinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_de_Buade" title="Fort de Buade">Fort de Buade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_de_Chartres" title="Fort de Chartres">Fort de Chartres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Detroit" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Detroit">Fort Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Ticonderoga" title="Fort Ticonderoga">Fort Carillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Conde" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Conde">Fort Condé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Duquesne" title="Fort Duquesne">Fort Duquesne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_of_Louisbourg" title="Fortress of Louisbourg">Fortress of Louisbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Hill,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Castle Hill, Newfoundland and Labrador">Castle Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starved_Rock_State_Park" title="Starved Rock State Park">Fort St. Louis (Illinois)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_Texas" title="French colonization of Texas">Fort St. Louis (Texas)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Canada <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_New_France" title="Governor General of New France">Governor General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intendant_of_New_France" title="Intendant of New France">Intendant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Council_of_New_France" title="Sovereign Council of New France">Sovereign Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Quebec" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec">Bishop of Quebec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="List of governors of Trois-Rivières">Governor of Trois-Rivières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Montreal" title="Governor of Montreal">Governor of Montreal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Acadie <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Acadia" title="List of governors of Acadia">Governor</a></li></ul></li> <li>Terre-Neuve <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador#Governors_of_Plaisance,_1655–1713" title="List of governors of Newfoundland and Labrador">Governor</a></li></ul></li> <li>Louisiane <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Louisiana" title="List of colonial governors of Louisiana">Governor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Laws</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Custom_of_Paris_in_New_France" title="Custom of Paris in New France">Custom of Paris in New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seigneurial_system_of_New_France" title="Seigneurial system of New France">Seigneurial system of New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_justice_in_New_France" title="Criminal justice in New France">Criminal justice in New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intendant" title="Intendant">Intendancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Council_of_New_France" title="Sovereign Council of New France">Superior Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiralty_court" title="Admiralty court">Admiralty court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provost_(civil)" title="Provost (civil)">Provostship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_court" title="Ecclesiastical court">Officiality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailiff" title="Bailiff">Bailiff</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%A9chauss%C3%A9e" title="Maréchaussée">Maréchaussée</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_Noir" title="Code Noir">Code Noir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemin_du_Roy" title="Chemin du Roy">Chemin du Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_fur_trade" title="North American fur trade">Fur trade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coureur_des_bois" title="Coureur des bois">Coureur des bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voyageurs" title="Voyageurs">Voyageurs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_of_One_Hundred_Associates" title="Company of One Hundred Associates">Company of One Hundred Associates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_West_India_Company" title="French West India Company">French West India Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Law%27s_Company" title="John Law's Company">John Law's Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Indies_Company" title="French Indies Company">French Indies Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Population_of_New_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Population of New France">Population</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1666_census_of_New_France" title="1666 census of New France">1666 census</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitants" title="Habitants">Habitants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Canadians" title="French Canadians">Canadiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Daughters" title="King's Daughters">King's Daughters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acadians" title="Acadians">Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casquette_girl" title="Casquette girl">Casquette girls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tis" title="Métis">Métis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Amerindians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_New_France" title="Slavery in New France">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pla%C3%A7age" title="Plaçage">Plaçage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_people_of_color" title="Free people of color">Gens de couleur libres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_New_France" title="Alcohol in New France">Alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_France_livre" title="New France livre">Currency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Card_money_in_New_France" title="Card money in New France">card money</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_France_Intellectual_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="New France Intellectual Life">Intellectual life</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Missionary groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesuit_missions_in_North_America" title="Jesuit missions in North America">Jesuit missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recollects" title="Recollects">Récollets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_Nuns" title="Grey Nuns">Grey Nuns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursulines" title="Ursulines">Ursulines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_the_Priests_of_Saint_Sulpice" title="Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice">Sulpicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_New_France" title="Military of New France">Military of New France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Acadians" title="Military history of the Acadians">Military history of the Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acadian_Civil_War" title="Acadian Civil War">Acadian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_Wars" title="French and Indian Wars">Intercolonial Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_William%27s_War" title="King William's War">King William's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Anne%27s_War" title="Queen Anne's War">Queen Anne's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_George%27s_War" title="King George's War">King George's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Wars" title="Beaver Wars">French and Iroquois Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Acadians" title="Expulsion of the Acadians">Expulsion of the Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Peace_of_Montreal" title="Great Peace of Montreal">Great Peace of Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lachine_massacre" title="Lachine massacre">Lachine Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schenectady_massacre" title="Schenectady massacre">Schenectady Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Deerfield" title="Raid on Deerfield">Deerfield Raid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:New_France" title="Category:New France">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_Spain_(1521–1821)410" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_Spain" title="Template:New Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_Spain" title="Template talk:New Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_Spain_(1521–1821)410" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a> (1521–1821)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Spanish colonization of the Americas">Conflicts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Aztec_Empire" title="Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire">Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Guatemala" title="Spanish conquest of Guatemala">Spanish conquest of Guatemala</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Spanish conquest of Yucatán">Spanish conquest of Yucatán</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_(1585%E2%80%931604)" title="Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)">Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_(1625%E2%80%931630)" title="Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630)">Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630)</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch Revolt">Dutch Revolt</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_(1654%E2%80%931660)" title="Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660)">Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660)</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Caribbean" title="Piracy in the Caribbean">Piracy in the Caribbean</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Anne%27s_War" title="Queen Anne's War">Queen Anne's War</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_Jenkins%27_Ear" title="War of Jenkins' Ear">War of Jenkins' Ear</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_(1762%E2%80%931763)" title="Anglo-Spanish War (1762–1763)">Seven Years' War</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain_and_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="Spain and the American Revolutionary War">Spain and the American Revolutionary War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conflicts with indigenous<br />peoples during colonial rule</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mixt%C3%B3n_War" title="Mixtón War">Mixtón War</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaqui_Wars" title="Yaqui Wars">Yaqui Wars</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chichimeca_War" title="Chichimeca War">Chichimeca War</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_revolts_against_Spain" title="Philippine revolts against Spain">Philippine revolts against Spain</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acaxee_Rebellion" title="Acaxee Rebellion">Acaxee Rebellion</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93Moro_conflict" title="Spanish–Moro conflict">Spanish–Moro conflict</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acoma_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Acoma Massacre">Acoma Massacre</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepehu%C3%A1n_Revolt" title="Tepehuán Revolt">Tepehuán Revolt</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzeltal_Rebellion_of_1712" title="Tzeltal Rebellion of 1712">Tzeltal Rebellion</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_Revolt" title="Pueblo Revolt">Pueblo Revolt</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pima_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Pima Revolt">Pima Revolt</a> →</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence" title="Spanish American wars of independence">Spanish American wars of independence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central<br />government<br />and<br /> administration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Spain" title="Habsburg Spain">Habsburg Spain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joanna of Castile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">Philp III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Philip IV of Spain">Philip IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_Spain" title="Charles II of Spain">Charles II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Enlightenment_in_Spain" title="Enlightenment in Spain">Bourbon Spain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Spain" title="Philip V of Spain">Philip V</a> (<span style="font-size:85%;">also reigned after Louis I</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_I_of_Spain" title="Louis I of Spain">Louis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VI_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VI of Spain">Ferdinand VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IV_of_Spain" title="Charles IV of Spain">Charles IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Ferdinand VII of Spain</a> (<span style="font-size:85%;">also reigned after <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph I</a></span>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Viceroys of New Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_New_Spain" title="List of viceroys of New Spain">List of viceroys of New Spain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia" title="Real Audiencia">Audiencias</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Audiencia_of_Guadalajara" title="Royal Audiencia of Guadalajara">Guadalajara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Guatemala" title="Captaincy General of Guatemala">Captaincy General of Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Manila" title="Real Audiencia of Manila">Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Mexico" title="Real Audiencia of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Santo_Domingo" title="Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Captaincy General">Captancies General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Cuba" title="Captaincy General of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Guatemala" title="Captaincy General of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_the_Philippines" title="Captaincy General of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Captaincy General of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Santo_Domingo" title="Captaincy General of Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Captaincy General of Yucatán">Yucatán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincias_Internas" title="Provincias Internas">Provincias Internas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indendancies_of_New_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Indendancies of New Spain">Intendancy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Cuba" title="Captaincy General of Cuba">Havana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_Spain)" title="Louisiana (New Spain)">New Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Mexico" title="State of Mexico">State of Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comayagua" title="Comayagua">Comayagua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n,_Nicaragua" title="León, Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camag%C3%BCey" title="Camagüey">Camagüey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Cuba" title="Santiago de Cuba">Santiago de Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanajuato" title="Guanajuato">Guanajuato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michoac%C3%A1n" title="Michoacán">Valladolid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadalajara" title="Guadalajara">Guadalajara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Potos%C3%AD" title="San Luis Potosí">San Luis Potosí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puebla" title="Puebla">Puebla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oaxaca" title="Oaxaca">Oaxaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durango" title="Durango">Durango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Mérida, Yucatán">Mérida, Yucatán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Florida" title="Spanish Florida">La Florida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viceroy" title="Viceroy">Viceroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate" title="Governorate">Gobernaciones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelantado" title="Adelantado">Adelantado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_general" title="Captain general">Captain general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corregidor_(position)" title="Corregidor (position)">Corregidor (position)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabildo_(council)" title="Cabildo (council)">Cabildo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encomienda" title="Encomienda">Encomienda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treaties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Tordesillas" title="Treaty of Tordesillas">Treaty of Tordesillas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Zaragoza" title="Treaty of Zaragoza">Treaty of Zaragoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Westphalia" title="Peace of Westphalia">Peace of Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Ryswick" title="Peace of Ryswick">Peace of Ryswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Utrecht" title="Peace of Utrecht">Peace of Utrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Breda" title="Congress of Breda">Congress of Breda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fontainebleau_(1762)" title="Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762)">Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris (1783)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="Treaty of Córdoba">Treaty of Córdoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adams%E2%80%93On%C3%ADs_Treaty" title="Adams–Onís Treaty">Adams–Onís Treaty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable<br />cities,<br />provinces,<br />and territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Mexico_City" title="History of Mexico City">Mexico City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Veracruz_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Veracruz (city)">Veracruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xalapa" title="Xalapa">Xalapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puebla_(city)" title="Puebla (city)">Puebla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toluca" title="Toluca">Toluca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuernavaca" title="Cuernavaca">Cuernavaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oaxaca_City" title="Oaxaca City">Oaxaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morelia" title="Morelia">Morelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acapulco" title="Acapulco">Acapulco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campeche_(city)" title="Campeche (city)">Campeche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Mérida, Yucatán">Mérida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadalajara" title="Guadalajara">Guadalajara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durango_(city)" title="Durango (city)">Durango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey">Monterrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n,_Guanajuato" title="León, Guanajuato">León</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanajuato_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Guanajuato City">Guanajuato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zacatecas_(city)" title="Zacatecas (city)">Zacatecas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pachuca" title="Pachuca">Pachuca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quer%C3%A9taro_(city)" title="Querétaro (city)">Querétaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltillo" title="Saltillo">Saltillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Potos%C3%AD_(city)" title="San Luis Potosí (city)">San Luis Potosí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_de_Los_%C3%81ngeles" title="Pueblo de Los Ángeles">Los Ángeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena,_California" title="Yerba Buena, California">Yerba Buena (San Francisco)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_San_Jose,_California#First_Spanish_pueblo_in_California" title="History of San Jose, California">San José</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Diego" title="Presidio of San Diego">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico" title="Santa Fe, New Mexico">Santa Fe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Adaes" title="Los Adaes">Los Adaes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_San_Antonio" title="History of San Antonio">San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensacola,_Florida" title="Pensacola, Florida">Pensacola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Augustine,_Florida" title="St. Augustine, Florida">St. Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Havana" title="History of Havana">Havana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Santo_Domingo" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_Guatemala" title="Antigua Guatemala">Antigua Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu" title="Cebu">Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Manila" title="History of Manila">Manila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provinces and<br />territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_Spain)" title="Louisiana (New Spain)">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Florida" title="Spanish Florida">La Florida</a> (<a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Las_Californias" title="Province of Las Californias">Las Californias</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alta_California" title="Alta California">Alta California</a> (<a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baja_California_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Baja California Province">Baja California</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe_de_Nuevo_M%C3%A9xico" title="Santa Fe de Nuevo México">Santa Fe de Nuevo México</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Texas" title="Spanish Texas">Tejas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Galicia" title="Nueva Galicia">Nueva Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Vizcaya" title="Nueva Vizcaya">Nueva Vizcaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Extremadura" title="Nueva Extremadura">Nueva Extremadura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="New Kingdom of León">New Kingdom of León</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu" title="Cebu">Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulacan" title="Bulacan">Bulacan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampanga" title="Pampanga">Pampanga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Formosa" title="Spanish Formosa">Spanish Formosa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Explorers,<br />adventurers and<br />conquistadors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-New Spain<br />explorers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellan" title="Ferdinand Magellan">Ferdinand Magellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Elcano" title="Juan Sebastián Elcano">Juan Sebastián Elcano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasco_N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez_de_Balboa" title="Vasco Núñez de Balboa">Vasco Núñez de Balboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_de_Cu%C3%A9llar" title="Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar">Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Explorers and<br /><a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistadors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s" title="Hernán Cortés">Hernán Cortés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ponce_de_Le%C3%B3n" title="Juan Ponce de León">Juan Ponce de León</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu%C3%B1o_de_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Nuño de Guzmán">Nuño de Guzmán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernal_D%C3%ADaz_del_Castillo" title="Bernal Díaz del Castillo">Bernal Díaz del Castillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Alvarado" title="Pedro de Alvarado">Pedro de Alvarado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1nfilo_de_Narv%C3%A1ez" title="Pánfilo de Narváez">Pánfilo de Narváez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hernando_de_Soto" title="Hernando de Soto">Hernando de Soto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_V%C3%A1zquez_de_Coronado" title="Francisco Vázquez de Coronado">Francisco Vázquez de Coronado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Cabrillo" title="Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo">Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_L%C3%B3pez_de_Legazpi" title="Miguel López de Legazpi">Miguel López de Legazpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_de_Villafa%C3%B1e" title="Ángel de Villafañe">Ángel de Villafañe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvar_N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez_Cabeza_de_Vaca" title="Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca">Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Men%C3%A9ndez_de_Avil%C3%A9s" title="Pedro Menéndez de Avilés">Pedro Menéndez de Avilés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Carvajal_y_de_la_Cueva" title="Luis de Carvajal y de la Cueva">Luis de Carvajal y de la Cueva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_O%C3%B1ate" title="Juan de Oñate">Juan de Oñate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Jos%C3%A9_P%C3%A9rez_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="Juan José Pérez Hernández">Juan José Pérez Hernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1" title="Gaspar de Portolá">Gaspar de Portolá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Quimper" title="Manuel Quimper">Manuel Quimper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal_de_O%C3%B1ate" title="Cristóbal de Oñate">Cristóbal de Oñate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_de_Urdaneta" title="Andrés de Urdaneta">Andrés de Urdaneta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruy_L%C3%B3pez_de_Villalobos" title="Ruy López de Villalobos">Ruy López de Villalobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez_de_Cu%C3%A9llar" title="Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar">Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Hern%C3%A1ndez_de_C%C3%B3rdoba_(Yucat%C3%A1n_conquistador)" title="Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (Yucatán conquistador)">Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (Yucatán conquistador)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Hern%C3%A1ndez_de_C%C3%B3rdoba_(founder_of_Nicaragua)" title="Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (founder of Nicaragua)">Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (founder of Nicaragua)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gil_Gonz%C3%A1lez_D%C3%A1vila" title="Gil González Dávila">Gil González Dávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Ulloa" title="Francisco de Ulloa">Francisco de Ulloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Jos%C3%A9_P%C3%A9rez_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="Juan José Pérez Hernández">Juan José Pérez Hernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionisio_Alcal%C3%A1_Galiano" title="Dionisio Alcalá Galiano">Dionisio Alcalá Galiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_de_Heceta" title="Bruno de Heceta">Bruno de Heceta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Francisco_de_la_Bodega_y_Quadra" title="Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra">Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Le%C3%B3n" title="Alonso de León">Alonso de León</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacio_de_Arteaga_y_Baz%C3%A1n" title="Ignacio de Arteaga y Bazán">Ignacio de Arteaga y Bazán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Bustamante_y_Guerra" class="mw-redirect" title="José de Bustamante y Guerra">José de Bustamante y Guerra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Narv%C3%A1ez" title="José María Narváez">José María Narváez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Sarmiento_de_Gamboa" title="Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa">Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gil_Y%27Barbo" title="Antonio Gil Y'Barbo">Antonio Gil Y'Barbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Humboldt" title="Alexander von Humboldt">Alexander von Humboldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gage_(priest)" title="Thomas Gage (priest)">Thomas Gage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a><br />in New Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_the_Americas" title="Spanish missions in the Americas">Spanish missions<br />in the Americas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Arizona" title="Spanish missions in Arizona">Spanish missions in Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Baja_California" title="Spanish missions in Baja California">Spanish missions in Baja California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_California" title="Spanish missions in California">Spanish missions in California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_the_Carolinas" title="Spanish missions in the Carolinas">Spanish missions in the Carolinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish missions in Florida">Spanish missions in Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Georgia" title="Spanish missions in Georgia">Spanish missions in Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish missions in Louisiana">Spanish missions in Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Mexico" title="Spanish missions in Mexico">Spanish missions in Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_New_Mexico" title="Spanish missions in New Mexico">Spanish missions in New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_the_Sonoran_Desert" title="Spanish missions in the Sonoran Desert">Spanish missions in the Sonoran Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Texas" title="Spanish missions in Texas">Spanish missions in Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajac%C3%A1n_Mission" title="Ajacán Mission">Spanish missions in Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_missions_in_Trinidad" title="Spanish missions in Trinidad">Spanish missions in Trinidad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Friars, fathers,<br />priests, and bishops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Gante" title="Pedro de Gante">Pedro de Gante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ger%C3%B3nimo_de_Aguilar" title="Gerónimo de Aguilar">Gerónimo de Aguilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toribio_de_Benavente_Motolinia" class="mw-redirect" title="Toribio de Benavente Motolinia">Toribio de Benavente Motolinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardino_de_Sahag%C3%BAn" title="Bernardino de Sahagún">Bernardino de Sahagún</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Zum%C3%A1rraga" title="Juan de Zumárraga">Juan de Zumárraga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Mont%C3%BAfar" title="Alonso de Montúfar">Alonso de Montúfar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasco_de_Quiroga" title="Vasco de Quiroga">Vasco de Quiroga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartolom%C3%A9_de_las_Casas" title="Bartolomé de las Casas">Bartolomé de las Casas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Molina" title="Alonso de Molina">Alonso de Molina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Dur%C3%A1n" title="Diego Durán">Diego Durán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Landa" title="Diego de Landa">Diego de Landa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ger%C3%B3nimo_de_Mendieta" title="Gerónimo de Mendieta">Gerónimo de Mendieta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fray_Juan_de_Torquemada" title="Fray Juan de Torquemada">Juan de Torquemada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Palafox_y_Mendoza" title="Juan de Palafox y Mendoza">Juan de Palafox y Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_de_Sig%C3%BCenza_y_G%C3%B3ngora" title="Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora">Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebio_Kino" title="Eusebio Kino">Eusebio Kino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Javier_Clavijero" title="Francisco Javier Clavijero">Francisco Javier Clavijero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jun%C3%ADpero_Serra" title="Junípero Serra">Junípero Serra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Pal%C3%B3u" title="Francisco Palóu">Francisco Palóu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferm%C3%ADn_de_Lasu%C3%A9n" title="Fermín de Lasuén">Fermín de Lasuén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esteban_T%C3%A1pis" title="Esteban Tápis">Esteban Tápis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Francisco_de_Paula_Se%C3%B1an" title="José Francisco de Paula Señan">José Francisco de Paula Señan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari%C3%A0_Paieres_i_Borr%C3%A0s" title="Marià Paieres i Borràs">Mariano Payeras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Montero" title="Sebastián Montero">Sebastián Montero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcos_de_Niza" title="Marcos de Niza">Marcos de Niza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Ayeta" title="Francisco de Ayeta">Francisco de Ayeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Margil" title="Antonio Margil">Antonio Margil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Marroqu%C3%ADn" title="Francisco Marroquín">Francisco Marroquín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Abad_y_Queipo" title="Manuel Abad y Queipo">Manuel Abad y Queipo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Hidalgo_y_Costilla" title="Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla">Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Morelos" title="José María Morelos">José María Morelos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe" title="Our Lady of Guadalupe">Our Lady of Guadalupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_the_Society_of_Jesus" title="Suppression of the Society of Jesus">Suppression of the Jesuits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_mission_clash_of_cultures" title="California mission clash of cultures">California mission clash of cultures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargo_system" title="Cargo system">Cargo system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Reductions" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Reductions">Indian Reductions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society<br />and culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indigenous<br />peoples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mesoamerican</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aztecs" title="Aztecs">Aztecs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_peoples" title="Maya peoples">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huastec_people" title="Huastec people">Huastec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixtec" title="Mixtec">Mixtec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarascan_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarascan state">P'urhépecha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totonac" title="Totonac">Totonac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipil_people" title="Pipil people">Pipil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kowoj" title="Kowoj">Kowoj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCiche%CA%BC_people" title="Kʼicheʼ people">Kʼicheʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaqchikel_people" title="Kaqchikel people">Kaqchikel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapotec_peoples" title="Zapotec peoples">Zapotec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poqomam_people" title="Poqomam people">Poqomam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mam_people" title="Mam people">Mam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caribbean</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arawak" title="Arawak">Arawak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciboney" title="Ciboney">Ciboney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanahatabey" title="Guanahatabey">Guanahatabey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_California" title="Indigenous peoples of California">California</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Indians" title="Mission Indians">Mission Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cahuilla" title="Cahuilla">Cahuilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chumash_people" title="Chumash people">Chumash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupe%C3%B1o" title="Cupeño">Cupeño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juane%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="Juaneño">Juaneño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumeyaay" title="Kumeyaay">Kumeyaay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luise%C3%B1o" title="Luiseño">Luiseño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miwok" title="Miwok">Miwok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohave_people" title="Mohave people">Mohave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohlone" title="Ohlone">Ohlone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serrano_people" title="Serrano people">Serrano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongva" title="Tongva">Tongva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oasisamerica" title="Oasisamerica">Oasisamerica (Southwest US)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akimel_O%27odham" title="Akimel O'odham">Akimel O'odham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache" title="Apache">Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopi" title="Hopi">Hopi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hualapai" title="Hualapai">Hualapai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo" title="Navajo">Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puebloans" class="mw-redirect" title="Puebloans">Pueblo peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quechan" title="Quechan">Quechan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solano_people" title="Solano people">Solano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tohono_O%27odham" class="mw-redirect" title="Tohono O'odham">Tohono O'odham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuni_people" title="Zuni people">Zuni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aridoamerica" title="Aridoamerica">Aridoamerica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acaxee" title="Acaxee">Acaxee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chichimeca" title="Chichimeca">Chichimeca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coahuiltecan" title="Coahuiltecan">Coahuiltecan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochim%C3%AD" title="Cochimí">Cochimí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocopah" title="Cocopah">Cocopah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiliwa_people" title="Kiliwa people">Kiliwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Junta_Indians" title="La Junta Indians">La Junta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opata_people" title="Opata people">Opata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepehu%C3%A1n" title="Tepehuán">Tepehuán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaqui" title="Yaqui">Yaqui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Plains" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Plains">Southern Plains</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caddo" title="Caddo">Caddo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche" title="Comanche">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipan_Apache" class="mw-redirect" title="Lipan Apache">Lipan Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plains_Apache" title="Plains Apache">Plains Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkawa" title="Tonkawa">Tonkawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_people" title="Wichita people">Wichita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Southeastern_Woodlands" title="Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands">Southeastern Woodlands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sites_and_peoples_visited_by_the_Hernando_de_Soto_Expedition" title="List of sites and peoples visited by the Hernando de Soto Expedition">Indigenous people during De Soto's travels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apalachee" title="Apalachee">Apalachee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calusa" title="Calusa">Calusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscogee" title="Muscogee">Muscogee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jororo" class="mw-redirect" title="Jororo">Jororo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensacola_people" title="Pensacola people">Pensacola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminole" title="Seminole">Seminole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timucua" title="Timucua">Timucua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yustaga" title="Yustaga">Yustaga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Filipinos" title="Filipinos">Filipinos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negrito" title="Negrito">Negrito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igorot_people" title="Igorot people">Igorot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangyan" title="Mangyan">Mangyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoples_of_Palawan" title="Peoples of Palawan">Peoples of Palawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ati_people" title="Ati people">Ati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panay" title="Panay">Panay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumad" title="Lumad">Lumad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bajau_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Bajau people">Bajau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_people" title="Tagalog people">Tagalog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebuano_people" title="Cebuano people">Cebuano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_indigenous_peoples" title="Taiwanese indigenous peoples">Taiwanese indigenous peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamorro_people" title="Chamorro people">Chamorro people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Colonial_architecture" title="Spanish Colonial architecture">Architecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Colonial_architecture" title="Spanish Colonial architecture">Spanish Colonial style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spanish_Colonial_architecture_by_country" title="Category:Spanish Colonial architecture by country">by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Baroque_architecture_in_the_Spanish_Empire" title="Category:Baroque architecture in the Spanish Empire">Colonial Baroque style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spanish_colonial_fortifications" title="Category:Spanish colonial fortifications">Forts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spanish_missions_in_the_Americas" title="Category:Spanish missions in the Americas">Missions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trade and economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonial_real" title="Spanish colonial real">Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbian_exchange" title="Columbian exchange">Columbian exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_galleon" title="Manila galleon">Manila galleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangular_trade" title="Triangular trade">Triangular trade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People and classes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casta" title="Casta">Casta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peninsulares" title="Peninsulares">Peninsulares</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criollo_people" title="Criollo people">Criollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mestizo" title="Mestizo">Mestizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castizo" title="Castizo">Castizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cholo" title="Cholo">Coyotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulatto" title="Mulatto">Pardos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambo" title="Zambo">Zambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">Negros</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Bautista_de_Anza" title="Juan Bautista de Anza">Juan Bautista de Anza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Cabrillo" title="Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo">Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Drake" title="Francis Drake">Francis Drake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Hidalgo_y_Costilla" title="Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla">Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebio_Kino" title="Eusebio Kino">Eusebio Kino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Malinche" title="La Malinche">La Malinche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferm%C3%ADn_de_Lasu%C3%A9n" title="Fermín de Lasuén">Fermín de Lasuén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limahong" title="Limahong">Limahong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moctezuma_II" title="Moctezuma II">Moctezuma II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jun%C3%ADpero_Serra" title="Junípero Serra">Junípero Serra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasekura_Tsunenaga" title="Hasekura Tsunenaga">Hasekura Tsunenaga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:New_Spain" title="Category:New Spain">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_divisions_of_the_Confederate_States_(1861–1865)318" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Confederate_States_political_divisions" title="Template:Confederate States political divisions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Confederate_States_political_divisions" title="Template talk:Confederate States political divisions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Confederate_States_political_divisions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Confederate States political divisions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_divisions_of_the_Confederate_States_(1861–1865)318" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Political divisions of the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States</a> (1861–1865)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federated_state" title="Federated state">States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Alabama in the American Civil War">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Arkansas in the American Civil War">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Florida in the American Civil War">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Georgia in the American Civil War">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Louisiana in the American Civil War">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Mississippi in the American Civil War">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="North Carolina in the American Civil War">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="South Carolina in the American Civil War">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Tennessee in the American Civil War">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Texas in the American Civil War">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Virginia in the American Civil War">Virginia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="West Virginia in the American Civil War">West Virginia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_government_of_West_Virginia" title="Confederate government of West Virginia">government</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Confederate_States_of_America.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the Confederate States"><img alt="Map of the Confederate States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Confederate_States_of_America.svg/175px-Confederate_States_of_America.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Confederate_States_of_America.svg/263px-Confederate_States_of_America.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Confederate_States_of_America.svg/350px-Confederate_States_of_America.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="913" data-file-height="572" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_in_exile" class="mw-redirect" title="Government in exile">Governments in exile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Kentucky in the American Civil War">Kentucky</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_government_of_Kentucky" title="Confederate government of Kentucky">government</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Missouri in the American Civil War">Missouri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_government_of_Missouri" title="Confederate government of Missouri">government</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territory" title="Territory">Territory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_Arizona" title="Confederate Arizona">Arizona Territory</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> Admitted to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">Union</a> June 20, 1863.</li> <li><sup><small>2</small></sup> Organized January 18, 1862.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_divisions_of_the_United_States359" style="text-align:left;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_political_divisions" title="Template:United States political divisions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_political_divisions" title="Template talk:United States political divisions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_political_divisions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States political divisions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_divisions_of_the_United_States359" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Political divisions of the United States</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States" title="List of states and territories of the United States">List of states and territories</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;">States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_district" title="Federal district">Federal district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Minor_Outlying_Islands" title="United States Minor Outlying Islands">Outlying islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Island" title="Baker Island">Baker Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howland_Island" title="Howland Island">Howland Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarvis_Island" title="Jarvis Island">Jarvis Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnston_Atoll" title="Johnston Atoll">Johnston Atoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingman_Reef" title="Kingman Reef">Kingman Reef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midway_Atoll" title="Midway Atoll">Midway Atoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navassa_Island" title="Navassa Island">Navassa Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_Atoll" title="Palmyra Atoll">Palmyra Atoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wake_Island" title="Wake Island">Wake Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_reservations_in_the_United_States" title="List of Indian reservations in the United States">List of Indian reservations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Concessions_and_leases_in_international_relations" title="Concessions and leases in international relations">International concessions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_Naval_Base" title="Guantanamo Bay Naval Base">Guantanamo Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pituffik_Space_Base" title="Pituffik Space Base">Pituffik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1612#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2155" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1612#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2155" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1612#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000406470986">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/150033129">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204809/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqBtVCC6BXmQB84M8xv73">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4079828-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79034503">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11997202n">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11997202n">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Arkansas"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge117416&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX458244">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000304836&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007559532805171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058515350406706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/8788d6c2-c779-4be5-ad47-cf0a95e0f2a0">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA04830440?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/176560335">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10046482">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Arkansas&params=35_N_92_W_dim:300000_region:US-AR_type:adm1st&title=State+of+Arkansas"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°N</span> <span class="longitude">92°W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35°N 92°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35; -92</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">State of Arkansas</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" 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