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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bates-Wallaces mimikry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bates-Wallaces_mimikry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Källor</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Källor-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Källor</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fotnoter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fotnoter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Fotnoter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fotnoter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tryckta_källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tryckta_källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Tryckta källor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tryckta_källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Alfred Russel Wallace</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 83 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">83 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ألفرد راسل والاس – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ألفرد راسل والاس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آلفرد راسل والاس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آلفرد راسل والاس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – balinesiska" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8" title="আলফ্রেড রাসেল ওয়ালেস – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আলফ্রেড রাসেল ওয়ালেস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Альфрэд Расэл Уолес – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Альфрэд Расэл Уолес" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russell_Wallace" title="Alfred Russell Wallace – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Alfred Russell Wallace" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%8A%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%81" title="Алфред Ръсел Уолъс – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Алфред Ръсел Уолъс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bra artikel"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ألفريد راسل والاس – marockansk arabiska" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ألفريد راسل والاس" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marockansk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%BB%CF%86%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%A1%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BB_%CE%93%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Άλφρεντ Ράσελ Γουάλας – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άλφρεντ Ράσελ Γουάλας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آلفرد راسل والاس – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آلفرد راسل والاس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – Fiji-hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji-hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – västfrisiska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="västfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – skotsk gäliska" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk gäliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%A8%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C_%EB%9F%AC%EC%85%80_%EC%9B%94%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="앨프리드 러셀 월리스 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="앨프리드 러셀 월리스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D6%86%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A4_%D5%8C%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D5%88%D6%82%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%BD" title="Ալֆրեդ Ռասել Ուոլես – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալֆրեդ Ռասել Ուոլես" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8" title="अल्फ्रेड रसेल वॉलेस – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अल्फ्रेड रसेल वॉलेस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%9C_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A1" title="אלפרד ראסל וולאס – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלפרד ראסל וולאס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – javanesiska" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%93_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ალფრედ რასელ უოლესი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ალფრედ რასელ უოლესი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Альфред Рассел Уоллес – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Альфред Рассел Уоллес" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – kurdiska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfredus_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfredus Russel Wallace – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Alfredus Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfr%C4%93ds_Rasels_Volless" title="Alfrēds Rasels Volless – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Alfrēds Rasels Volless" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Алфред Расел Волес – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Алфред Расел Волес" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – malagassiska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ആൽഫ്രഡ് റസ്സൽ വാലസ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആൽഫ്രഡ് റസ്സൽ വാലസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – maltesiska" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8" title="आल्फ्रेड रसेल वॉलेस – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आल्फ्रेड रसेल वॉलेस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%93_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ალფრედ რასელ უოლესი – mingrelianska" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ალფრედ რასელ უოლესი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="الفرد راسل والاس – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الفرد راسل والاس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="آلفرد راسل والاس – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آلفرد راسل والاس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8" title="अलफ्रेड रसेल वालेस – nepalesiska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अलफ्रेड रसेल वालेस" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A9%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9" title="アルフレッド・ラッセル・ウォレス – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アルフレッド・ラッセル・ウォレス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%DA%89_%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="الفريډ رسل واليس – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="الفريډ رسل واليس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Уоллес, Альфред Рассел – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уоллес, Альфред Рассел" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%87%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A" title="ඇල්ෆ්‍රඩ් රසල් වොලස් – singalesiska" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඇල්ෆ්‍රඩ් රසල් වොලස්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8E%D8%AF_%DA%95%DB%95%D8%B3%DA%B5_%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%B5%D8%B3" title="ئەلفرێد ڕەسڵ واڵس – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەلفرێد ڕەسڵ واڵس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Алфред Расел Валас – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Алфред Расел Валас" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – sundanesiska" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Alfred Russel Wallace" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="ஆல்பிரடு அரசல் வாலேசு – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆல்பிரடு அரசல் வாலேசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94_%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8B" title="อัลเฟรด รัสเซล วอลเลซ – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัลเฟรด รัสเซล วอลเลซ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li 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Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r53696904">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;margin:.5em 0 .5em 1em;padding:.2em;float:right;clear:right;width:22em;text-align:left;font-size:88%;line-height:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox th{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton button,.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton .mw-collapsible-text{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th{border:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow th{border:0;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography{border:1px solid #ccd2d9;text-align:left;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard" style="border-spacing:3px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="padding:2px; text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold;"><span class="fn">Alfred Russel Wallace</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Alfred-Russel-Wallace-c1895.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Alfred-Russel-Wallace-c1895.jpg/239px-Alfred-Russel-Wallace-c1895.jpg" decoding="async" width="239" height="350" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Alfred-Russel-Wallace-c1895.jpg/359px-Alfred-Russel-Wallace-c1895.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Alfred-Russel-Wallace-c1895.jpg/478px-Alfred-Russel-Wallace-c1895.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2293" data-file-height="3355" /></a></span> <div style=""></div></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Född</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/8_januari" title="8 januari">8 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1823" title="1823">1823</a><sup id="cite_ref-2f1aec746513e308c50d840f19fa98de71c91121_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2f1aec746513e308c50d840f19fa98de71c91121-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2d21fd973622ebfda4160be7fcddba7d9bfb1808_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2d21fd973622ebfda4160be7fcddba7d9bfb1808-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9d1f4fa3771982cc73293e0fb2b2faeccd8b6eb5_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9d1f4fa3771982cc73293e0fb2b2faeccd8b6eb5-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Usk" title="Usk">Usk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Storbritannien" title="Storbritannien">Storbritannien</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Död</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/7_november" title="7 november">7 november</a> <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a><sup id="cite_ref-2f1aec746513e308c50d840f19fa98de71c91121_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2f1aec746513e308c50d840f19fa98de71c91121-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2d21fd973622ebfda4160be7fcddba7d9bfb1808_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2d21fd973622ebfda4160be7fcddba7d9bfb1808-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9d1f4fa3771982cc73293e0fb2b2faeccd8b6eb5_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9d1f4fa3771982cc73293e0fb2b2faeccd8b6eb5-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (90 år)<br /><a href="/wiki/Broadstone" title="Broadstone">Broadstone</a><sup id="cite_ref-38b4f6050d722dc5fdbcd0094163632a1ad2ac27_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38b4f6050d722dc5fdbcd0094163632a1ad2ac27-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Storbritannien" title="Storbritannien">Storbritannien</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Medborgare i</th><td class="kategori" style=""><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renade_kungariket_Storbritannien_och_Irland" title="Förenade kungariket Storbritannien och Irland">Förenade kungariket Storbritannien och Irland</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Utbildad vid</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birkbeck_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birkbeck College [inte skriven än]">Birkbeck College</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Hale_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Hale School [inte skriven än]">Richard Hale School</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160627?uselang=sv#P69"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Sysselsättning</th><td class="roll" style=""><a href="/wiki/Matematiker" title="Matematiker">Matematiker</a>, biodlare, <a href="/wiki/Geograf" class="mw-redirect" title="Geograf">geograf</a><sup id="cite_ref-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Entomolog" class="mw-redirect" title="Entomolog">entomolog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Botaniker" class="mw-redirect" title="Botaniker">botaniker</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rfattare_(yrke)" class="mw-redirect" title="Författare (yrke)">författare</a><sup id="cite_ref-17719537c93d3b75709dc5a408afd9a5d3cd7899_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17719537c93d3b75709dc5a408afd9a5d3cd7899-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, världsresenär<sup id="cite_ref-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, zoologisk samlare<sup id="cite_ref-c2014340290a965bd960e37bdbc0eb1f10548c95_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c2014340290a965bd960e37bdbc0eb1f10548c95-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Ornitolog" class="mw-redirect" title="Ornitolog">ornitolog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naturvetare" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturvetare">naturvetare</a><sup id="cite_ref-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Biolog" title="Biolog">biolog</a>, antivaccineringsaktivist, <a href="/wiki/Uppt%C3%A4cktsresande" class="mw-redirect" title="Upptäcktsresande">upptäcktsresande</a><sup id="cite_ref-7b286093b6ec03c57e39b254d18edad34fd5115e_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7b286093b6ec03c57e39b254d18edad34fd5115e-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Zoolog" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoolog">zoolog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antropolog" class="mw-redirect" title="Antropolog">antropolog</a><sup id="cite_ref-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, botanisk samlare<sup id="cite_ref-c2014340290a965bd960e37bdbc0eb1f10548c95_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-c2014340290a965bd960e37bdbc0eb1f10548c95-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Maka</th><td class="" style="">Annie Mitten</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Barn</th><td class="" style="">4</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Föräldrar</th><td class="" style="">Thomas Vere Wallace<sup id="cite_ref-56296c22fda8ff0509f71ed7cc067bcbe11856ac_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56296c22fda8ff0509f71ed7cc067bcbe11856ac-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Mary Anne Greenell<sup id="cite_ref-56296c22fda8ff0509f71ed7cc067bcbe11856ac_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56296c22fda8ff0509f71ed7cc067bcbe11856ac-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top: 1px solid #aaa; text-align:left">Utmärkelser</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;padding-left:1em;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Medal" title="Royal Medal">Royal Medal</a><small> (1868)</small><br />Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi<sup id="cite_ref-ec29d66115ba98643202713d655fb3358cf5b9e8_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ec29d66115ba98643202713d655fb3358cf5b9e8-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Darwinmedaljen" title="Darwinmedaljen">Darwinmedaljen</a><small> (1890)</small><sup id="cite_ref-341a9270e5e536acc00bc45744cdfb6fe68d8f05_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-341a9270e5e536acc00bc45744cdfb6fe68d8f05-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Linnean_Medal" title="Linnean Medal">Linnean Medal</a><small> (1892)</small><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Founder%E2%80%99s_Medal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Founder’s Medal [inte skriven än]">Founder’s Medal</a><small> (1892)</small><sup id="cite_ref-7f74a0af4eacf93a0c67b0430f492423ff44fe3f_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7f74a0af4eacf93a0c67b0430f492423ff44fe3f-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">Fellow of the Royal Society</a><small> (1893)</small><sup id="cite_ref-e9d1f989bb0390272d7bc7e31a51cb94b6690315_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e9d1f989bb0390272d7bc7e31a51cb94b6690315-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Darwin%E2%80%93Wallace-medaljen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Darwin–Wallace-medaljen [inte skriven än]">Darwin–Wallace-medaljen</a><small> (1908)</small><sup id="cite_ref-f829e08ffbbdb83bf263e502c01ba3b1d0f01ed7_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f829e08ffbbdb83bf263e502c01ba3b1d0f01ed7-14"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rtj%C3%A4nstorden" title="Förtjänstorden">Förtjänstorden</a><small> (1908)</small><sup id="cite_ref-0766a993312a249b700f6e413c4b419c907937b1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0766a993312a249b700f6e413c4b419c907937b1-15"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Copleymedaljen" title="Copleymedaljen">Copleymedaljen</a><small> (1908)</small><sup id="cite_ref-aa74141a96b33d6f2dcf738bc82898472cdbbea2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aa74141a96b33d6f2dcf738bc82898472cdbbea2-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51141e1514645682d6bef19e42d5903d35bb761e_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51141e1514645682d6bef19e42d5903d35bb761e-17"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Hedersdoktor vid Dublins universitet<br />Fellow of the Linnean Society of London<br /><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Geographical_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society">Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society</a><br />Fellow of the Zoological Society<br />Hedersdoktor vid Oxfords universitet</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top: 1px solid #aaa; text-align:left">Namnteckning</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Alfred_Russel_Wallace,_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Alfred_Russel_Wallace%2C_signature.svg/200px-Alfred_Russel_Wallace%2C_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Alfred_Russel_Wallace%2C_signature.svg/300px-Alfred_Russel_Wallace%2C_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Alfred_Russel_Wallace%2C_signature.svg/400px-Alfred_Russel_Wallace%2C_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="221" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Webbplats</th><td class="" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wallacefund.info">allacefund.info</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top:1px solid #aaaaaa; text-align:left" class=""><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:ItemByTitle/svwiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" class="extiw" title="d:Special:ItemByTitle/svwiki/Alfred Russel Wallace">Redigera Wikidata</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Alfred Russel Wallace</b>, född <a href="/wiki/8_januari" title="8 januari">8 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1823" title="1823">1823</a> i <a href="/wiki/Usk_(ort)" class="mw-redirect" title="Usk (ort)">Usk</a> i <a href="/wiki/Monmouthshire" title="Monmouthshire">Monmouthshire</a>, död <a href="/wiki/7_november" title="7 november">7 november</a> <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a> i <a href="/wiki/Broadstone" title="Broadstone">Broadstone</a> i <a href="/wiki/Dorset" title="Dorset">Dorset</a>, var en <a href="/wiki/Storbritannien" title="Storbritannien">brittisk</a> <a href="/wiki/Naturhistoriker" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturhistoriker">naturhistoriker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antropologi" title="Antropologi">antropolog</a> och <a href="/wiki/Biolog" title="Biolog">biolog</a>. Han är mest känd för att oberoende av <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> ha utvecklat en teori om hur <a href="/wiki/Art" title="Art">arter</a> uppkommer genom <a href="/wiki/Naturligt_urval" title="Naturligt urval">naturligt urval</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografi">Biografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Biografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Biografi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wallace utförde omfattande forskningsresor både till <a href="/wiki/Sydamerika" title="Sydamerika">Sydamerika</a> och <a href="/wiki/Ostindien" title="Ostindien">Ostindien</a>, där han ägnade sig åt att samla in växt- och djurarter. Detta inte enbart för vetenskapliga ändamål; han bekostade delvis sina resor med att sälja exotiska djur och växter. Under en lång resa kring <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a> och <a href="/wiki/Indonesien" title="Indonesien">Indonesien</a> publicerade han 1855 en uppsats, <i>On the law, which has regulated the introduction of species</i>, där han utvecklar en teori som påvisar att nya arter tenderar att uppstå i områden där det från tidigare finns närbesläktade arter. Teorin har blivit känd som <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawaklagen</a>, efter området där han befann sig då han skrev uppsatsen. </p><p>Oberoende av <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> utvecklade Wallace också en teori om <a href="/wiki/Naturligt_urval" title="Naturligt urval">det naturliga urvalet</a>. I februari 1858 färdigställde han en uppsats med titeln <i><a href="/wiki/Sarawaklagen" title="Sarawaklagen">On the Tendency of Varieties to depart indefinitely from the Original Type</a>,</i> där han kortfattat redogjorde för sin teori om hur arter uppkommit genom naturligt urval. Wallace skickade uppsatsen till Darwin, som tog del av den i juni 1858. Darwin hade vid tillfället arbetat på sin teori och evolution genom naturligt urval under en längre tid, men ännu inte publicerat sina resultat. När Darwin läste Wallaces brev uppges han ha kommenterat "jag hade inte själv kunnat sammanfatta min teori bättre". Som medlem i <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> fick Darwin tillgång till Wallaces uppsats innan den publicerades, och hans vänner uppmanade honom att sammanfatta också sina egna rön (som han slipat på i tjugo år) som Darwin kunde publicera vid samma tillfälle som Wallaces artikel. Så skedde också, och Darwins <i>On the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection</i> och ett brev från <a href="/wiki/Asa_Gray" title="Asa Gray">Asa Gray</a> lästes upp inför <a href="/wiki/Linnean_Society_of_London" title="Linnean Society of London">Linnean Society of London</a> 1 juli 1858.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I likhet med Darwin hade Wallace kommit på teorin när han var ute på en naturhistorisk resa och läst <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Robert_Malthus" title="Thomas Robert Malthus">Thomas Robert Malthus</a> teorier om överbefolkning. </p><p>Darwin och Wallace blev goda vänner, och trots att Wallace kommit på samma teori som Darwin oberoende av denna tillskrev han Darwin hela äran. Det var till och med Wallace som myntade uttrycket <i>darwinism</i> för att beskriva teorin, och han kallade Darwin för "naturhistoriens Newton" (the Newton of natural history). </p><p>Wallace var en ivrig anhängare av <a href="/wiki/Spiritism" title="Spiritism">spiritismen</a>. Han tilldelades <a href="/wiki/Royal_Medal" title="Royal Medal">Royal Medal</a> 1868, <a href="/wiki/Darwinmedaljen" title="Darwinmedaljen">Darwinmedaljen</a> 1890, <a href="/wiki/Linnean_Medal" title="Linnean Medal">Linnean Medal</a> 1892 och <a href="/wiki/Copleymedaljen" title="Copleymedaljen">Copleymedaljen</a> samt <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rtj%C3%A4nstorden" title="Förtjänstorden">Förtjänstorden</a> 1908. <a href="/wiki/Auktorsnamn" title="Auktorsnamn">Auktorsnamnet</a> <b>Wallace</b> kan användas för Alfred Russel Wallace i samband med ett <a href="/wiki/Vetenskapligt_namn" title="Vetenskapligt namn">vetenskapligt namn</a> inom <a href="/wiki/Botanik" title="Botanik">botaniken</a>; se <a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Wallace_(auktor)" title="Special:Länkar hit/Wallace (auktor)">Wikipediaartiklar som länkar till auktorsnamnet.</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bates-Wallaces_mimikry">Bates-Wallaces mimikry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Bates-Wallaces mimikry" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Bates-Wallaces mimikry"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wallace har fått en variant av <a href="/wiki/Mimikry#Peckhams_mimikry" title="Mimikry">aggressiv mimikry</a> uppkallad efter sig. Det är Bates-Wallaces mimikry eller Peckhams mimikry, där rovdjur liknar sina bytesdjur för att ha lättare att komma dem in på livet.<sup id="cite_ref-Pasteur_169_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pasteur_169-19"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wallacelinjen" title="Wallacelinjen">Wallacelinjen</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fotnoter">Fotnoter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Fotnoter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Fotnoter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2f1aec746513e308c50d840f19fa98de71c91121-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-2f1aec746513e308c50d840f19fa98de71c91121_1-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2f1aec746513e308c50d840f19fa98de71c91121_1-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><i><span title="latin">Encyclopædia Britannica</span></i>, Encyclopædia Britannica Online-ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alfred-Russel-Wallace">biography/Alfred-Russel-Wallace</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Britannica-Online">topic/Britannica-Online</a>, läst: 9 oktober 2017.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2d21fd973622ebfda4160be7fcddba7d9bfb1808-2">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-2d21fd973622ebfda4160be7fcddba7d9bfb1808_2-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2d21fd973622ebfda4160be7fcddba7d9bfb1808_2-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><i>SNAC</i>, SNAC Ark-ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6bc41d1">w6bc41d1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ica2012.ica.org/files/pdf/Full%20papers%20upload/ica12Final00310.pdf">läs online</a>, läst: 9 oktober 2017.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9d1f4fa3771982cc73293e0fb2b2faeccd8b6eb5-3">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-9d1f4fa3771982cc73293e0fb2b2faeccd8b6eb5_3-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-9d1f4fa3771982cc73293e0fb2b2faeccd8b6eb5_3-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find A Grave-ID</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6416">6416</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagraveforums.com/">läs online</a>, läst: 9 oktober 2017.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38b4f6050d722dc5fdbcd0094163632a1ad2ac27-4"><a href="#cite_ref-38b4f6050d722dc5fdbcd0094163632a1ad2ac27_4-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.royalsociety.org/Dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqDb=Persons&dsqSearch=Code==%27NA6632%27&dsqCmd=Show.tcl">läs online</a>, <i>collections.royalsociety.org</i> .<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b-5">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b_5-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b_5-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b_5-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-37c647798877652e2cb2adfe6d3882f69a35c80b_5-3"><small>d</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><i>Archive of Fine Arts</i>, abART person-ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs.isabart.org/person/149559">149559</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs.isabart.org/person/149559">läs online</a>, läst: 1 april 2021.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17719537c93d3b75709dc5a408afd9a5d3cd7899-6"><a href="#cite_ref-17719537c93d3b75709dc5a408afd9a5d3cd7899_6-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dudley_Warner" title="Charles Dudley Warner">Charles Dudley Warner</a> (red.), <i><a href="https://sv.wikisource.org/wiki/en:Library_of_the_World%27s_Best_Literature" class="extiw" title="src:en:Library of the World's Best Literature"><span title="engelska">Library of the World's Best Literature</span></a></i>, 1897, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bartleby.com/lit-hub/library">läs online</a>.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-c2014340290a965bd960e37bdbc0eb1f10548c95-7">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-c2014340290a965bd960e37bdbc0eb1f10548c95_7-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-c2014340290a965bd960e37bdbc0eb1f10548c95_7-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><i>Bloodhound</i>, Bionomia-ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bionomia.net/Q160627">Q160627</a>.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7b286093b6ec03c57e39b254d18edad34fd5115e-8"><a href="#cite_ref-7b286093b6ec03c57e39b254d18edad34fd5115e_8-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a></i>, läst: 25 juni 2015.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56296c22fda8ff0509f71ed7cc067bcbe11856ac-9">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-56296c22fda8ff0509f71ed7cc067bcbe11856ac_9-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-56296c22fda8ff0509f71ed7cc067bcbe11856ac_9-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Leo van de Pas, <i>Genealogics</i>, 2003, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genealogics.org/explanations.php">läs online</a> och <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://washington.ancestryregister.com/FOOTNOTES200006.htm#328">läs online</a>.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ec29d66115ba98643202713d655fb3358cf5b9e8-10"><a href="#cite_ref-ec29d66115ba98643202713d655fb3358cf5b9e8_10-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royalsociety.org.nz/who-we-are/our-people/our-fellows/all-honorary-fellows/">läs online</a>, <i>www.royalsociety.org.nz</i> .<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-341a9270e5e536acc00bc45744cdfb6fe68d8f05-11"><a href="#cite_ref-341a9270e5e536acc00bc45744cdfb6fe68d8f05_11-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dsunM9ukGLgaW3HdG9cvJ_QKd7pWjGI0qi_fCb1ROD4/pubhtml?gid=216486814&single=true"><span title="engelska">Award winners: Darwin Medal</span></a></i> (på engelska), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dsunM9ukGLgaW3HdG9cvJ_QKd7pWjGI0qi_fCb1ROD4/pubhtml?gid=216486814&single=true">läs online</a>, läst: 28 april 2020.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7f74a0af4eacf93a0c67b0430f492423ff44fe3f-12"><a href="#cite_ref-7f74a0af4eacf93a0c67b0430f492423ff44fe3f_12-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Geographical_Society" title="Royal Geographical Society">Royal Geographical Society</a>, <i><span title="engelska">Gold Medal Recipients</span></i>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Geographical_Society" title="Royal Geographical Society">Royal Geographical Society</a>, 2022, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rgs.org/CMSPages/GetFile.aspx?nodeguid=64c1cdb4-2f4b-44a3-9e3c-695983da880f&lang=en-GB">läs online</a>.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-e9d1f989bb0390272d7bc7e31a51cb94b6690315-13"><a href="#cite_ref-e9d1f989bb0390272d7bc7e31a51cb94b6690315_13-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.royalsociety.org/DServe.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqSearch=((text)=%27wallace%27)&dsqPos=16">läs online</a>, läst: 2 maj 2020.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f829e08ffbbdb83bf263e502c01ba3b1d0f01ed7-14"><a href="#cite_ref-f829e08ffbbdb83bf263e502c01ba3b1d0f01ed7_14-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.linnean.org/the-society/medals-awards-prizes-grants/the-darwin-wallace-medal"><span title="engelska">The Darwin-Wallace Medal</span></a></i> (på engelska), <a href="/wiki/Linnean_Society_of_London" title="Linnean Society of London">Linnean Society of London</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.linnean.org/the-society/medals-awards-prizes-grants/the-darwin-wallace-medal">läs online</a>, läst: 27 december 2018.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-0766a993312a249b700f6e413c4b419c907937b1-15"><a href="#cite_ref-0766a993312a249b700f6e413c4b419c907937b1_15-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/scientific-resources/collections/library-collections/wallace-letters-online/543/543/S/details.html"><span title="engelska">Wallace Letters Online WCP543</span></a></i> (på engelska), <a href="/wiki/Natural_History_Museum" title="Natural History Museum">Natural History Museum</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/scientific-resources/collections/library-collections/wallace-letters-online/543/543/S/details.html">läs online</a>, läst: 28 april 2020.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aa74141a96b33d6f2dcf738bc82898472cdbbea2-16"><a href="#cite_ref-aa74141a96b33d6f2dcf738bc82898472cdbbea2_16-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wallacefund.info/honours-wallace-received"><span title="engelska">Honours Wallace Received</span></a></i> (på engelska), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wallacefund.info/honours-wallace-received">läs online</a>, läst: 2 maj 2020.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51141e1514645682d6bef19e42d5903d35bb761e-17"><a href="#cite_ref-51141e1514645682d6bef19e42d5903d35bb761e_17-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dsunM9ukGLgaW3HdG9cvJ_QKd7pWjGI0qi_fCb1ROD4/pubhtml?gid=1336391689&single=true"><span title="engelska">Award winners : Copley Medal</span></a></i> (på engelska), <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dsunM9ukGLgaW3HdG9cvJ_QKd7pWjGI0qi_fCb1ROD4/pubhtml?gid=1336391689&single=true">läs online</a>, läst: 30 december 2018.<sup><small>[källa från Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society</i>, 1858, sid. 45</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pasteur_169-19"><a href="#cite_ref-Pasteur_169_19-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPasteur1982">Pasteur 1982</a>, s. 169-199.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tryckta_källor"><span id="Tryckta_k.C3.A4llor"></span>Tryckta källor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Tryckta källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Tryckta källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFPasteur,_G.1982">Pasteur, G. (1982). ”A classificatory review of mimicry systems”. <i>Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics</i> 13. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.es.13.110182.001125">10.1146/annurev.es.13.110182.001125</a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+classificatory+review+of+mimicry+systems&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Ecology+and+Systematics&rft.aulast=Pasteur%2C+G.&rft.au=Pasteur%2C+G.&rft.date=1982&rft.volume=13&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.es.13.110182.001125&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Alfred_Russel_Wallace"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Russel_Wallace&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons har media som rör <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Alfred_Russel_Wallace" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Alfred Russel Wallace">Alfred Russel Wallace</a>.<div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Alfred_Russel_Wallace" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Alfred Russel Wallace">Bilder & media</a></div></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wallace-online.org/">Wallace Online</a> National University of Singapores webbsida om Wallace.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://people.wku.edu/charles.smith/index1.htm">The Alfred Russel Wallace Page</a> Western Kentucky Universitys webbsida om Wallace.</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Copleymedalj%C3%B6rer_1901%E2%80%931950" title="Mall:Copleymedaljörer 1901–1950"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Copleymedalj%C3%B6rer_1901%E2%80%931950&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Copleymedaljen" title="Copleymedaljen">Copleymedaljörer</a> 1901–1950</span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/J._Willard_Gibbs" title="J. Willard Gibbs">J. Willard Gibbs</a> (1901)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lister,_1:e_baron_Lister" title="Joseph Lister, 1:e baron Lister">Joseph Lister</a> (1902)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Suess" title="Eduard Suess">Eduard Suess</a> (1903)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/William_Crookes" title="William Crookes">William Crookes</a> (1904)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Dmitrij_Mendelejev" title="Dmitrij Mendelejev">Dmitrij Mendelejev</a> (1905)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Ilja_Metjnikov" title="Ilja Metjnikov">Ilja Metjnikov</a> (1906)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Albert_Abraham_Michelson" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Abraham Michelson">Albert Abraham Michelson</a> (1907)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alfred Russel Wallace</a> (1908)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/George_William_Hill" title="George William Hill">George William Hill</a> (1909)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton">Francis Galton</a> (1910)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/George_Darwin" title="George Darwin">George Darwin</a> (1911)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Felix_Klein" title="Felix Klein">Felix Klein</a> (1912)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Ray_Lankester" title="Ray Lankester">Ray Lankester</a> (1913)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/J.J._Thomson" title="J.J. Thomson">Joseph John Thomson</a> (1914)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Pavlov" title="Ivan Pavlov">Ivan Pavlov</a> (1915)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/James_Dewar" title="James Dewar">James Dewar</a> (1916)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Paul_%C3%89mile_Roux" title="Pierre Paul Émile Roux">Pierre Paul Émile Roux</a> (1917)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Lorentz">Hendrik Lorentz</a> (1918)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/William_Bayliss" title="William Bayliss">William Bayliss</a> (1919)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_Tabberer_Brown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horace Tabberer Brown [inte skriven än]">Horace Tabberer Brown</a> (1920)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Larmor" title="Joseph Larmor">Joseph Larmor</a> (1921)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a> (1922)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_Lamb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horace Lamb [inte skriven än]">Horace Lamb</a> (1923)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Albert_Sharpey-Schafer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer [inte skriven än]">Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer</a> (1924)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a> (1925)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hopkins" title="Frederick Hopkins">Frederick Gowland Hopkins</a> (1926)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sherrington" title="Charles Sherrington">Charles Scott Sherrington</a> (1927)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Charles_Algernon_Parsons" title="Charles Algernon Parsons">Charles Algernon Parsons</a> (1928)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a> (1929)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/William_Bragg_(fysiker)" title="William Bragg (fysiker)">William Henry Bragg</a> (1930)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schuster" title="Arthur Schuster">Arthur Schuster</a> (1931)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/George_Ellery_Hale" title="George Ellery Hale">George Ellery Hale</a> (1932)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theobald_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theobald Smith [inte skriven än]">Theobald Smith</a> (1933)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/John_Scott_Haldane" title="John Scott Haldane">John Scott Haldane</a> (1934)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/C.T.R._Wilson" title="C.T.R. Wilson">Charles Thomson Rees Wilson</a> (1935)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Evans" title="Arthur Evans">Arthur Evans</a> (1936)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dale" title="Henry Dale">Henry Dale</a> (1937)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">Niels Bohr</a> (1938)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Morgan" title="Thomas H. Morgan">Thomas Hunt Morgan</a> (1939)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Langevin" title="Paul Langevin">Paul Langevin</a> (1940)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Lewis_(kardiolog)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Lewis (kardiolog) [inte skriven än]">Thomas Lewis</a> (1941)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Robert_Robinson" title="Robert Robinson">Robert Robinson</a> (1942)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barcroft" title="Joseph Barcroft">Joseph Barcroft</a> (1943)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Ingram_Taylor" title="Geoffrey Ingram Taylor">Geoffrey Ingram Taylor</a> (1944)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oswald_Avery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oswald Avery [inte skriven än]">Oswald Avery</a> (1945)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Adrian" title="Edgar Adrian">Edgar Adrian</a> (1946)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Harold_Hardy" class="mw-redirect" title="Godfrey Harold Hardy">Godfrey Harold Hardy</a> (1947)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Archibald_V._Hill" title="Archibald V. Hill">Archibald V. 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