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Please do not remove this message until <a href="/wiki/Template:POV#When_to_remove" title="Template:POV">conditions to do so are met</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Indigenous Environmental Network</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Indigenous_Environmental_Network_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/79/Indigenous_Environmental_Network_logo.png/220px-Indigenous_Environmental_Network_logo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/79/Indigenous_Environmental_Network_logo.png/330px-Indigenous_Environmental_Network_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/79/Indigenous_Environmental_Network_logo.png/440px-Indigenous_Environmental_Network_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="122" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">1990<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1990</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bemidji,_Minnesota" title="Bemidji, Minnesota">Bemidji, Minnesota</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Exec. Dir.</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tom_B.K._Goldtooth" title="Tom B.K. Goldtooth">Tom B.K. Goldtooth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ienearth.org/">ienearth.org</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Indigenous Environmental Network</b> (<b>IEN</b>) is a coalition of <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">indigenous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grassroots" title="Grassroots">grassroots</a> <a href="/wiki/Environmental_justice" title="Environmental justice">environmental justice</a> activists, primarily based in the United States. Group members have represented <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Native American</a> concerns at international events such as the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Climate_Change_conference" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Climate Change conference">United Nations Climate Change conferences</a> in <a href="/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference">Copenhagen</a> (2009) and <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference" title="2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference">Paris</a> (2016). IEN organizes an annual conference to discuss proposed goals and projects for the coming year; each year the conference is held in a different indigenous nation.<sup id="cite_ref-Brook1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brook1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The network emphasizes environmental protection as a form of spiritual activism. IEN received attention in the news as a major organizer of the fight against the <a href="/wiki/Keystone_Pipeline" title="Keystone Pipeline">Keystone Pipeline</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Access_Pipeline" title="Dakota Access Pipeline">Dakota Access Pipeline</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Access_Pipeline_protests" title="Dakota Access Pipeline protests">Dakota Access Pipeline protests</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Indigenous Environmental Network was formed in 1990 to bring to light environmental and economic injustices faced specifically by the indigenous peoples of North America.<sup id="cite_ref-IEN-6_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEN-6-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its formation took place at the annual Protecting Mother Earth gatherings that began in 1990 on the <a href="/wiki/Navajo_Nation" title="Navajo Nation">Navajo Nation</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dilkon,_Arizona" title="Dilkon, Arizona">Dilkon</a>, where the group of activists that would become <a href="/wiki/Din%C3%A9_CARE" title="Diné CARE">Diné CARE</a> had recently defeated a hazardous waste incinerator proposal.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ties_to_environmental_justice_movement">Ties to environmental justice movement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ties to environmental justice movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Environmental_justice" title="Environmental justice">environmental justice</a> movement seeks to address issues of <a href="/wiki/Environmental_racism" title="Environmental racism">environmental racism</a>, which arises when <a href="/wiki/People_of_color" class="mw-redirect" title="People of color">people of color</a> and other marginalized populations such as indigenous peoples are disproportionately affected by exposure to hazardous environmental conditions; the unavailability of safe, healthy, and affordable food options; and exclusion from participatory involvement in community decision-making.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Indigenous peoples have historically suffered injustice through environmental racism, having faced repeated despoliation of sacred lands as well as over-exploitation of resources by governments and other actors. This includes dumping, establishment of toxic waste sites, or development of environmentally harmful infrastructure (such as pipelines), specifically on Native American <a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">reservations</a> and <a href="/wiki/First_Nations_in_Canada" title="First Nations in Canada">First Nations</a> <a href="/wiki/Indian_reserve" title="Indian reserve">reserves</a>. Breaches of indigenous autonomy by the U.S. government are often justified by the claim that the development of indigenous lands would increase economic opportunity for locals—claims that are rarely supported by evidence. Indigenous residents and custodians usually see development projects imposed in this manner as an infringement on their right to <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a> and <a href="/wiki/Religious_freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious freedom">religious freedom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Past">Past</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Past"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Indigenous Environmental Network has focused its activism on improving indigenous communities through grassroots efforts; prioritizing projects that protect the land, air, water, sacred sites, and natural resources. To accomplish the preservation of these assets, the network has organized campaigns, public awareness, and community building activities. The IEN meets locally, regionally, and nationally to promote awareness about issues of social justice, but primarily holds focus in North America.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The increase in toxic waste and nuclear waste storage facilities near indigenous lands was a main concern to the IEN during its beginnings in the early 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the initial focus on environmental hazards presented by these facilities, the network spread awareness across youth and tribal populations that paved the way for it to progress to campaigns and public activism. Every year, a conference is held entitled "Protecting Mother Earth Gatherings", which is aimed at educating the public as well as developing strategies for protecting the lands of indigenous peoples. </p><p>In 1995, IEN began hiring staff to represent the ideologies and goals of the organization. IEN workers strive for the preservation of indigenous peoples through tribal grassroots communities and tribal-government environmental staff. IEN has since evolved into a group that works to create change and strengthen tribal communities by protecting and preserving sacred sites.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_activism">Current activism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Current activism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of the popular cases of activism that IEN has participated in were the protests against the North Dakota Pipeline project, which is set to run through <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> and to end in <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>. The IEN has been a leading participant in coordinating international action such as bank divestments and days of emergency action that protest <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascism</a> and the use of <a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">fossil fuels</a> that disrupt the livelihood of indigenous peoples.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Indigenous Rising Media </i> is an IEN Project that works to defend the rights of indigenous peoples. It focuses on protecting the sanctity and integrity of <a href="/wiki/Mother_Nature" title="Mother Nature">Mother Earth</a> and the movement towards a more just and sustainable future.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project has placed information about the North Dakota Pipeline on its website aimed at combating the dangers that directly affect indigenous people. </p><p>The group also recently participated in the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Climate_March_(2017)" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Climate March (2017)">Peoples Climate March</a> on <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, on April 29, 2017. The March was hosted to bring to light the dangers of climate change, and IEN supported the event. The rally was hosted by <a href="/wiki/1491s#Members" title="1491s">Dallas Goldtooth</a>, a prominent activist protesting against the North Dakota Pipeline, along with Carrie Fulton, an <a href="/wiki/African-American" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American">African-American</a> environmental-justice organizer.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Peoples Climate March took place on the 100th day of <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s presidency, and served as a protest to <a href="/wiki/Policy" title="Policy">policy</a> changes being made regarding environmental protection and <a href="/wiki/Conservation_movement" title="Conservation movement">conservation</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Goals_and_beliefs">Goals and beliefs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Goals and beliefs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indigenous_Environmental_Network_Interview.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Indigenous_Environmental_Network_Interview.jpg/220px-Indigenous_Environmental_Network_Interview.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Indigenous_Environmental_Network_Interview.jpg/330px-Indigenous_Environmental_Network_Interview.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Indigenous_Environmental_Network_Interview.jpg/440px-Indigenous_Environmental_Network_Interview.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>This image shows an interview being conducted of members of the Indigenous Environmental Network</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="1782" data-mwtitle="Talk_Nation_Radio_-_2008-08-10_Emily_Surrusco,_Arctic_Wilderness_League.vorb.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Talk_Nation_Radio_-_2008-08-10_Emily_Surrusco,_Arctic_Wilderness_League.vorb.oga"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Talk_Nation_Radio_-_2008-08-10_Emily_Surrusco%2C_Arctic_Wilderness_League.vorb.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/Talk_Nation_Radio_-_2008-08-10_Emily_Surrusco%2C_Arctic_Wilderness_League.vorb.oga/Talk_Nation_Radio_-_2008-08-10_Emily_Surrusco%2C_Arctic_Wilderness_League.vorb.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>Tom Goldtooth of the Indigenous Environmental Network has an overview of his position on US drilling and native lands.</figcaption></figure> <ol><li>Educate and empower Indigenous Peoples to address and develop strategies for the protection of our environment, our health, and all life forms – the Circle of Life.</li> <li>Re-affirm our traditional knowledge and respect of natural laws.</li> <li>Recognize, support, and promote environmentally sound lifestyles, economic livelihoods and to build healthy sustaining Indigenous communities.</li> <li>Commitment to influence policies that affect Indigenous Peoples on a local, tribal, state, regional, national and international level.</li> <li>Include youth and elders in all levels of our work.</li> <li>Protect our human rights to practice our cultural and spiritual beliefs.<sup id="cite_ref-IEN-6_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEN-6-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beliefs_in_practice">Beliefs in practice</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Beliefs in practice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Certain practices of coal mining, oil drilling, and fishing and hunting in the United States are said to directly infringe upon Native land and values. IEN tries to engage with the American public by raising consciousness about environmental issues that are known to have a particularly strong impact on indigenous peoples. One IEN action for this purpose was dedicating a day, October 13, 1996, to challenging Americans to consume as little energy as possible. The goal of this was to encourage people to think about how much energy they do in fact consume on a daily basis and how this impacts on native communities.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1991, at <a href="/wiki/Bear_Butte" title="Bear Butte">Bear Butte</a>, South Dakota (a sacred site to many of the <a href="/wiki/Plains_Indians" title="Plains Indians">Plains Indians</a>), the IEN established an <i>Environmental Code of Ethics</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Brook1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brook1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Key points include that indigenous people culturally, and Native Americans politically, are tied to their land; Native Americans in the United States and Canada are restricted to reservations if they want to maintain any kind of nationalistic ideals; and that indigenous people often have religious or ancestral ties to specific tracts of land.<sup id="cite_ref-Brook1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brook1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This unique relationship makes it less likely for them to leave, makes the land more valuable, and makes them even more staunchly opposed to polluting it in any way.<sup id="cite_ref-Brook1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brook1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spiritual_activism">Spiritual activism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Spiritual activism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The IEN states that part of their mission is to protect and maintain sites sacred to, primarily, indigenous communities in North America. In addressing perceived injustices perpetuated against these peoples, they list protection of sacred, historical and culturally significant areas as one of their main goals. In doing so, they reference their love for Mother Earth as a driving force behind their activism. IEN recognizes humanity's connection to the Earth and believes their activism is restoring and furthering this connection.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The group holds "Protecting Mother Earth Gatherings", in which they discuss techniques and plans for protecting indigenous communities and lands. In their "Rights of Mother Earth" conference held in April 2004, they expressed their commitment in "creating a system of jurisprudence that sees and treats nature and Mother Earth as a fundamental, rights bearing entity." They also argued for a paradigm founded on indigenous thought as well as a philosophy that grants equal rights to nature and honors the interrelationship of all life forms on the planet.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_justice">Environmental justice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Environmental justice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition_to_pipelines">Opposition to pipelines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Opposition to pipelines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The group began garnering more public attention in 2014, when they began a protest against the <a href="/wiki/Keystone_Pipeline" title="Keystone Pipeline">Keystone XL oil pipeline</a>. Initial disputes over the pipeline had drawn the attention of the American public in 2011, when groups became concerned that the oil pipeline could contaminate nearby water sources, but this increased as the building of the pipeline was delayed. IEN was one of the larger organizations involved in the debate over the pipeline, allying with other environmentalist groups like the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a> and <a href="/wiki/350.org" title="350.org">350.org</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>IEN experienced another surge of media exposure in 2015 as protests against the <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Access_Pipeline" title="Dakota Access Pipeline">Dakota Access oil pipeline</a> gained attention. The pipeline is currently complete, with the exception of the section mapped to be located under <a href="/wiki/Lake_Oahe" title="Lake Oahe">Lake Oahe</a>, which is a major water source for the native <a href="/wiki/Sioux" title="Sioux">Sioux tribe</a> of <a href="/wiki/Standing_Rock_Indian_Reservation" title="Standing Rock Indian Reservation">Standing Rock</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a>. After a federal order requiring protesters to leave the build sites of the pipeline, IEN stated publicly that they would not follow the order in an attempt to further delay the progression of the pipeline. Dallas Goldtooth, an organizer with IEN, told a reporter for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> that "We are staying here, committed to our prayer. Forced removal and state oppression? This is nothing new to us as native people."<sup id="cite_ref-Sylvester_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sylvester-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tom_B.K._Goldtooth" title="Tom B.K. Goldtooth">Tom B.K. Goldtooth</a>, founder of IEN, stated after President Donald Trump signed an executive order for the continuation of the building of the pipeline that "Donald Trump will not build his Dakota Access Pipeline without a fight. The granting of an <a href="/wiki/Easement" title="Easement">easement</a>, without any environmental review or tribal consultation, is not the end of this fight—it is the new beginning."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conferences">Conferences</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Conferences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>IEN hosts annual conferences called the "Protecting Mother Earth Gatherings". The first conference was held in 1990 in <a href="/wiki/Bear_Butte" title="Bear Butte">Bear Butte</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>. The conferences has changed location almost every year. </p><p>At the conference, members of the IEN come together to discuss the group's goals and projects in the upcoming year. Their resolutions are typically published on the internet soon after the end of each conference.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Past conference locations and projects include: </p> <ul><li>The 1992 conference in <a href="/wiki/Celilo_Falls" title="Celilo Falls">Celilo Falls</a>, Oregon, formerly a major <a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">salmon</a> fishing site until dams were constructed on the Columbia River, downstream from the <a href="/wiki/Hanford_Nuclear_Reservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanford Nuclear Reservation">Hanford Nuclear Reservation</a>.</li> <li>The 1993 conference at <a href="/wiki/Sac_and_Fox_Reservation" title="Sac and Fox Reservation">Sac and Fox Reservation</a>, Oklahoma; IEN helped defeat a proposal for the establishment of a nuclear waste site.</li> <li>The 1994 conference on <a href="/wiki/Mole_Lake_Indian_Reservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Mole Lake Indian Reservation">Mole Lake Indian Reservation</a>, Wisconsin, where <a href="/wiki/Exxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Exxon">Exxon</a> plans to open a huge zinc-copper mine upstream from the Mole Lake Chippewa's <a href="/wiki/Wild_rice" title="Wild rice">wild rice</a> beds.</li> <li>The 2001 conference (the 12th Protecting Mother Earth Gathering) in <a href="/wiki/Penticton,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Penticton, British Columbia">Penticton, British Columbia</a>, Canada, was the first to be held in Canada.</li> <li>The 2004 conference was again held near sacred Bear Butte, South Dakota.<sup id="cite_ref-Grossman1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grossman1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In 2009, IEN introduced the "Red Road to <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a>" initiative; a delegation attended the 15th Session of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Climate_Change_conference" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Climate Change conference">Conference of the Parties</a> (COP-15) to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Framework_Convention_on_Climate_Change" title="United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change">United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change</a> (UNFCCC) in Copenhagen. The Initiative statement reads: "...this initiative will bring accumulated traditional knowledge of Indigenous peoples from North America coming from climate-energy impact zones and persons experienced in linking an indigenous rights-based framework to climate policy."<sup id="cite_ref-COP15_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-COP15-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>IEN prioritizes multigenerational and intertribal organizing, and has specific youth and elders groups. It is governed partly by an Elders Council; their Youth Council solicits the involvement of young indigenous people and tries to make connections between urban youth culture and environmental issues faced by the communities.<sup id="cite_ref-about_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Members of IEN were involved in the 2016 <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Access_Pipeline_protests" title="Dakota Access Pipeline protests">Dakota Access Pipeline protests</a>, notably in the media coverage and in establishing the media tent at the <a href="/wiki/Oceti_Sakowin" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceti Sakowin">Oceti Sakowin</a> camp.<sup id="cite_ref-CdreamsMedia_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CdreamsMedia-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_work">Other work</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Other work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Persistent_organic_pollutant" title="Persistent organic pollutant">POPs</a> Treaty, now known as the <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_Convention_on_Persistent_Organic_Pollutants" title="Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants">Stockholm Convention</a> after it was signed in May 2001 in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, was designed to ban a number of pesticides and other chemicals from use. During the negotiations, IEN played a key role in expressing to delegates what indigenous peoples wanted from the treaty. Throughout the period, the IEN met with delegates from all over the world in order to sensitise them on how indigenous peoples are impacted by POPs and their expectations from the treaty.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Reducing_emissions_from_deforestation_and_forest_degradation" class="mw-redirect" title="Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation">Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation</a> (REDD) is a policy mechanism designed to work for the preservation of global forests and it is backed by many influential environmental organizations like <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a> and <a href="/wiki/Conservation_International" title="Conservation International">Conservation International</a>. REDD is centered around the idea of providing forest owners with financial incentive to preserve them. However, in accomplishing this, it also requires the relocation of indigenous peoples who reside in forests that are being targeted and is therefore very controversial among grassroots and indigenous organizations. IEN publicly opposes REDD, claiming that it is a direct violation of the rights of indigenous peoples to have autonomy over their own land.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The IEN opposes <a href="/wiki/Carbon_tax" title="Carbon tax">carbon taxes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_Environmental_Network&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Brook1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brook1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brook1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brook1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brook1_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBrook1998" class="citation journal cs1">Brook, Daniel (January 1998). 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"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-40265280.html?refid=easy_hf">Foes of Pipeline Vow to Defy Order to Leave Site</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2019">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>" <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>, November 27, 2016. 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JSTOR Journals, EBSCOhost (accessed February 19, 2017).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grossman1-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Grossman1_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrossman1995" class="citation journal cs1">Grossman, Zoltan (November 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100616234942/http://ncseonline.org/nae/docs/grossman.html">"Linking the Native Movement for Sovereignty and the Environmental Movement"</a>. <i>Native Americans and the Environment</i>. Z Magazine 8(11): 42–50. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ncseonline.org/nae/docs/grossman.html">the original</a> on June 16, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Native+Americans+and+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Linking+the+Native+Movement+for+Sovereignty+and+the+Environmental+Movement&rft.pages=42-50&rft.date=1995-11&rft.aulast=Grossman&rft.aufirst=Zoltan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fncseonline.org%2Fnae%2Fdocs%2Fgrossman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+Environmental+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-COP15-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-COP15_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1">"IEN COP15 delegation Information". 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 26,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=About+IEN&rft.atitle=Indigenous+Women+Leaders+of+Dakota+Access+Pipeline+Resistance+to+Speak+Out+For+Protection+of+Earth+and+Water&rft.date=2016-09-28&rft.aulast=Begay&rft.aufirst=Jade&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.commondreams.org%2Fnewswire%2F2016%2F09%2F28%2Findigenous-women-leaders-dakota-access-pipeline-resistance-speak-out-protection&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+Environmental+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRohde2001" class="citation journal cs1">Rohde, Monica (Spring 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=16&sid=a5c14f39-6df1-4439-b952-1579dfad32df%40sessionmgr4006&hid=4104&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=8772388&db=8gh">"Community Groups Have Big Impact on POPs Treaty"</a>. <i>Everyone's Backyard</i>. <b>19</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Everyone%27s+Backyard&rft.atitle=Community+Groups+Have+Big+Impact+on+POPs+Treaty&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=19&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Rohde&rft.aufirst=Monica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.a.ebscohost.com%2Fehost%2Fdetail%2Fdetail%3Fvid%3D16%26sid%3Da5c14f39-6df1-4439-b952-1579dfad32df%2540sessionmgr4006%26hid%3D4104%26bdata%3DJnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%253d%253d%23AN%3D8772388%26db%3D8gh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+Environmental+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConant2011" class="citation journal cs1">Conant, Jeff (Autumn 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.earthisland.org/journal/index.php/eij/article/do_trees_grow_on_money/">"Do Trees Grow on Money?"</a>. <i>Earth Island Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+Island+Journal&rft.atitle=Do+Trees+Grow+on+Money%3F&rft.ssn=fall&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Conant&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.earthisland.org%2Fjournal%2Findex.php%2Feij%2Farticle%2Fdo_trees_grow_on_money%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIndigenous+Environmental+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ienearth.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Carbon-Pricing-A-Critical-Perspective-for-Community-Resistance-Online-Version.pdf">"CARBON PRICING: A Critical Perspective for Community Resistance"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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href="/wiki/Ancestral_domain" title="Ancestral domain">Ancestral domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free,_prior_and_informed_consent" title="Free, prior and informed consent">Free, prior and informed consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_intellectual_property" title="Indigenous intellectual property">Intellectual property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_land_rights" title="Indigenous land rights">Land rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_language" title="Indigenous language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">Self-determination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Australian_self-determination" title="Indigenous Australian self-determination">in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_self-government_in_Canada" title="Indigenous self-government in Canada">in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_self-determination" title="Native American self-determination">in the United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_knowledge" title="Traditional knowledge">Traditional knowledge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_ecological_knowledge" title="Traditional ecological knowledge">ecological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_medicine" title="Traditional medicine">medical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_rights" title="Treaty rights">Treaty rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_treaties_in_Australia" title="Indigenous treaties in Australia">in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principles_of_the_Treaty_of_Waitangi" title="Principles of the Treaty of Waitangi">in New Zealand</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-governmental and<br /> political organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Watch" title="Amazon Watch">Amazon Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_First_Nations" title="Assembly of First Nations">Assembly of First Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_Indigenous_Nationalities_of_Ecuador" title="Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador">Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Aboriginal_Peoples" title="Congress of Aboriginal Peoples">Congress of Aboriginal Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coordinator_of_Indigenous_Organizations_of_the_Amazon_River_Basin" title="Coordinator of Indigenous Organizations of the Amazon River Basin">Coordinator of Indigenous Organizations of the Amazon River Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Survival" title="Cultural Survival">Cultural Survival</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Indigenous Environmental Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Peoples_Council_on_Biocolonialism" title="Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism">Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Work_Group_for_Indigenous_Affairs" title="International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs">International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Indigenous_Organization_of_Colombia" title="National Indigenous Organization of Colombia">National Indigenous Organization of Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Rights_Fund" title="Native American Rights Fund">Native American Rights Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_International" title="Survival International">Survival International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unrepresented_Nations_and_Peoples_Organization" title="Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization">Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapatista_Army_of_National_Liberation" title="Zapatista Army of National Liberation">Zapatista Army of National Liberation</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_indigenous_rights_organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of indigenous rights organizations"><i>more ...</i></a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civilizing_mission" title="Civilizing mission">Civilizing mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">Colonialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internal_colonialism" title="Internal colonialism">Internal colonialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Settler_colonialism" title="Settler colonialism">Settler colonialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biopiracy" title="Biopiracy">Biopiracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bioprospecting" title="Bioprospecting">Bioprospecting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_appropriation" title="Cultural appropriation">Cultural appropriation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_mascot_controversy" title="Native American mascot controversy">Sports mascots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redface" title="Redface">Redface</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakota_Access_Pipeline_protests" title="Dakota Access Pipeline protests">Dakota Access Pipeline protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_doctrine" title="Discovery doctrine">Discovery doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_conservation" title="Fortress conservation">Fortress conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_grabbing" title="Green grabbing">Green grabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeland" title="Homeland">Homeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lands_inhabited_by_indigenous_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Lands inhabited by indigenous peoples">Lands inhabited by indigenous peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantustan" title="Bantustan">Bantustan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russia" title="Autonomous okrugs of Russia">Autonomous okrugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">American Indian reservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_colony" title="Indian colony">Indian colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reserve" title="Indian reserve">Indian reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancher%C3%ADa" title="Ranchería">Ranchería</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancherie" title="Rancherie">Rancherie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Russian republics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Indian_reserve" title="Urban Indian reserve">Urban Indian reserve</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manifest_destiny" title="Manifest destiny">Manifest destiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_shaman" title="Plastic shaman">Plastic shaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend_of_the_Rainbow_Warriors" title="Legend of the Rainbow Warriors">Rainbow Warriors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-spirit" title="Two-spirit">Two-spirit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal representation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governmental<br />bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aotearoa-New Zealand <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Te_Puni_K%C5%8Dkiri" title="Te Puni Kōkiri">Te Puni Kōkiri</a></li></ul></li> <li>Brazil <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funda%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Nacional_do_%C3%8Dndio" class="mw-redirect" title="Fundação Nacional do Índio">Fundação Nacional do Índio</a></li></ul></li> <li>Canada <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_and_Northern_Affairs_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada">Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada</a></li></ul></li> <li>Mexico <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Indigenous_Peoples" title="National Institute of Indigenous Peoples">National Institute of Indigenous Peoples</a></li></ul></li> <li>Philippines <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Commission_on_Indigenous_Peoples_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (Philippines)">National Commission on Indigenous Peoples</a></li></ul></li> <li>Russia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_the_Development_of_the_Russian_Far_East_and_Arctic" title="Ministry for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic">Ministry for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Bashkortostan" title="Government of Bashkortostan">Government of Bashkortostan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Sakha_Republic" title="Government of the Sakha Republic">Government of the Sakha Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Tatarstan" title="Government of Tatarstan">Government of Tatarstan</a></li></ul></li> <li>Taiwan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Indigenous_Peoples" title="Council of Indigenous Peoples">Council of Indigenous Peoples</a></li></ul></li> <li>US <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs">Bureau of Indian Affairs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intergovernmental<br />bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>African Union <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Commission_on_Human_and_Peoples%27_Rights" title="African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights">African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Council" title="Arctic Council">Arctic Council</a></li> <li>WIPO <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_Committee_on_Intellectual_Property_and_Genetic_Resources,_Traditional_Knowledge_and_Folklore" title="Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore">Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge, and Folklore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Seas_Treaty" title="High Seas Treaty">BBNJ ABS Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indigenous-led<br />international<br />bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Permanent_Forum_on_Indigenous_Issues" title="United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues">UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Caucus" title="Indigenous Caucus">Indigenous Caucus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treaties and<br />Declarations of Rights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_and_Tribal_Peoples_Convention,_1989" title="Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989">Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention (ILO C169)</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Convention_on_Biological_Diversity" title="Convention on Biological Diversity">Convention on Biological Diversity</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Declaration_on_the_Rights_of_Indigenous_Peoples" title="Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples">UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP)</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Nagoya_Protocol" title="Nagoya Protocol">Nagoya Protocol</a> on <a href="/wiki/Access_and_Benefit_Sharing_Agreement" title="Access and Benefit Sharing Agreement">Fair Access and Benefit-Sharing</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Declaration_on_the_Rights_of_Peasants" title="United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants">UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants (UNDROP)</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/High_Seas_Treaty" title="High Seas Treaty">High Seas Treaty (BBNJ Agreement)</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/WIPO_Treaty_on_Intellectual_Property,_Genetic_Resources_and_Associated_Traditional_Knowledge" title="WIPO Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge">Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge (GRATK)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chechen%E2%80%93Russian_conflict" title="Chechen–Russian conflict">Chechen–Russian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lankan Civil War">Sri Lankan Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Peruvian_political_crisis" title="2009 Peruvian political crisis">2009 Peruvian political crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alta_controversy" title="Alta controversy">Alta controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiapas_conflict" title="Chiapas conflict">Chiapas conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Chagossians" title="Expulsion of the Chagossians">Expulsion of the Chagossians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Arctic_relocation" title="High Arctic relocation">High Arctic relocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Tibet" title="Human rights in Tibet">Human rights in Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_removal" title="Indian removal">Indian removal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Danes_experiment" title="Little Danes experiment">Little Danes experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapuche_conflict" title="Mapuche conflict">Mapuche conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oka_Crisis" title="Oka Crisis">Oka Crisis</a></li> <li>Residential schools <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Indian_residential_school_system" title="Canadian Indian residential school system">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_schools" title="Native schools">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Bantu_Education" title="Department of Bantu Education">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_boarding_schools" title="American Indian boarding schools">United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_rubber_boom" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon rubber boom">Rubber boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Beers#Forceful_relocation_of_indigenous_Bushman_people_in_Botswana" title="De Beers">San controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_Generations" title="Stolen Generations">Stolen Generations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Uyghurs_in_China" title="Persecution of Uyghurs in China">Persecution of Uyghurs in China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Indigenous_rights" title="Category:Indigenous rights"><b>Indigenous rights</b></a> • <a href="/wiki/Category:Minority_rights" title="Category:Minority rights"><b>Minority rights</b></a></li></ul> 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