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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ننوتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%9A%D9%88%D8%AF:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%DA%89%DB%90" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ونډې</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%90" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>خبرې 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">مالومات</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">پټول</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">پیل</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-لومړۍ_سرچینې" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#لومړۍ_سرچینې"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱</span> <span>لومړۍ سرچینې</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-لومړۍ_سرچینې-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-سیسیلیا_د_۲۵۵_او_۲۴۸ق‌م_کلونو_په_ترڅ_کې" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#سیسیلیا_د_۲۵۵_او_۲۴۸ق‌م_کلونو_په_ترڅ_کې"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۲</span> <span>سیسیلیا د ۲۵۵ او ۲۴۸ق‌م کلونو په ترڅ کې</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-سیسیلیا_د_۲۵۵_او_۲۴۸ق‌م_کلونو_په_ترڅ_کې-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-سرچينې" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#سرچينې"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۳</span> <span>سرچينې</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-سرچينې-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="مالومات" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">لومړۍ پوني جګړه</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ليکنه په بله ژبه کي وګورئ. دا ليکنه په ۶۰ ژبو کې شتون لري." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">۶۰ ژبې</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89" title="الحرب البونيقية الأولى – عربي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحرب البونيقية الأولى" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%98_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="بیرینجی کارتاژ ساواشی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بیرینجی کارتاژ ساواشی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Първа пуническа война – بلغاري" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Първа пуническа война" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brezel_punek_kenta%C3%B1" title="Brezel punek kentañ – برېتون" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Brezel punek kentañ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="برېتون" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prvi_punski_rat" title="Prvi punski rat – بوسني" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Prvi punski rat" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="بوسني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primera_Guerra_P%C3%BAnica" title="Primera Guerra Púnica – کټلاني" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Primera Guerra Púnica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="کټلاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prvn%C3%AD_punsk%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka" title="První punská válka – چېکي" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="První punská válka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چېکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyfel_Pwnig_Cyntaf" title="Rhyfel Pwnig Cyntaf – ويلشي" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rhyfel Pwnig Cyntaf" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ويلشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8rste_Puniske_Krig" title="Første Puniske Krig – ډنمارکي" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Første Puniske Krig" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ډنمارکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="ټاکلې ليکنې"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erster_Punischer_Krieg" title="Erster Punischer Krieg – الماني" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erster Punischer Krieg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="الماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%84_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B7%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Α΄ Καρχηδονιακός Πόλεμος – یوناني" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Α΄ Καρχηδονιακός Πόλεμος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="یوناني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="ټاکلې ليکنې"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Punic_War" title="First Punic War – انګليسي" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="First Punic War" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انګليسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unua_Punika_milito" title="Unua Punika milito – اسپرانتو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Unua Punika milito" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="اسپرانتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primera_guerra_p%C3%BAnica" title="Primera guerra púnica – هسپانوي" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Primera guerra púnica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="هسپانوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esimene_Puunia_s%C3%B5da" title="Esimene Puunia sõda – حبشي" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Esimene Puunia sõda" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="حبشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lehen_Gerra_Punikoa" title="Lehen Gerra Punikoa – باسکي" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lehen Gerra Punikoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="نخستین جنگ پونی – فارسي" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نخستین جنگ پونی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensimm%C3%A4inen_puunilaissota" title="Ensimmäinen puunilaissota – فینلنډي" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ensimmäinen puunilaissota" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فینلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premi%C3%A8re_guerre_punique" title="Première guerre punique – فرانسوي" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Première guerre punique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earste_Punyske_Oarloch" title="Earste Punyske Oarloch – لوېديځ فريشي" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Earste Punyske Oarloch" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="لوېديځ فريشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primeira_guerra_p%C3%BAnica" title="Primeira guerra púnica – ګلېشيايي" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Primeira guerra púnica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ګلېشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%94" title="המלחמה הפונית הראשונה – عبراني" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המלחמה הפונית הראשונה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عبراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prvi_punski_rat" title="Prvi punski rat – کروايشيايي" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prvi punski rat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="کروايشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Els%C5%91_pun_h%C3%A1bor%C3%BA" title="Első pun háború – هنګري" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Első pun háború" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="هنګري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Guerra_Punic" title="Prime Guerra Punic – انټرلنګوا" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Prime Guerra Punic" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="انټرلنګوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Punik_I" title="Perang Punik I – انډونېزي" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perang Punik I" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="انډونېزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrsta_p%C3%BAnverska_str%C3%AD%C3%B0i%C3%B0" title="Fyrsta púnverska stríðið – ايسلنډي" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fyrsta púnverska stríðið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ايسلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prima_guerra_punica" title="Prima guerra punica – ایټالوي" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Prima guerra punica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ایټالوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E3%83%9D%E3%82%A8%E3%83%8B%E6%88%A6%E4%BA%89" title="第一次ポエニ戦争 – جاپاني" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="第一次ポエニ戦争" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="ټاکلې ليکنې"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="პირველი პუნიკური ომი – جورجيائي" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პირველი პუნიკური ომი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="جورجيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C1%EC%B0%A8_%ED%8F%AC%EC%97%90%EB%8B%88_%EC%A0%84%EC%9F%81" title="제1차 포에니 전쟁 – کوریایی" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제1차 포에니 전쟁" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="کوریایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primum_bellum_Punicum" title="Primum bellum Punicum – لاتیني" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Primum bellum Punicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="لاتیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirmasis_p%C5%ABn%C5%B3_karas" title="Pirmasis pūnų karas – ليتواني" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pirmasis pūnų karas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ليتواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirmais_p%C5%ABnie%C5%A1u_kar%C5%A1" title="Pirmais pūniešu karš – لېټواني" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pirmais pūniešu karš" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لېټواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Прва пунска војна – مقدوني" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Прва пунска војна" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="مقدوني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="प्युनिकचे पहिले युद्ध – مراټهي" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्युनिकचे पहिले युद्ध" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="مراټهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Punic_Pertama" title="Perang Punic Pertama – ملایا" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perang Punic Pertama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ملایا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eerste_Punische_Oorlog" title="Eerste Punische Oorlog – هالېنډي" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eerste Punische Oorlog" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="هالېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_f%C3%B8rste_punarkrigen" title="Den første punarkrigen – ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Den første punarkrigen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8rste_punerkrig" title="Første punerkrig – ناروېئي (بوکمال)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Første punerkrig" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (بوکمال)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primi%C3%A8ra_Gu%C3%A8rra_Punica" title="Primièra Guèrra Punica – اوکسيټاني" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Primièra Guèrra Punica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="اوکسيټاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_wojna_punicka" title="I wojna punicka – پولنډي" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="I wojna punicka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پولنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primeira_Guerra_P%C3%BAnica" title="Primeira Guerra Púnica – پورتګالي" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Primeira Guerra Púnica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پورتګالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primul_R%C4%83zboi_Punic" title="Primul Război Punic – رومانیایی" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Primul Război Punic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومانیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Первая Пуническая война – روسي" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Первая Пуническая война" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prima_guerra_p%C3%B9nica" title="Prima guerra pùnica – سیلیسي" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Prima guerra pùnica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="سیلیسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prvi_punski_rat" title="Prvi punski rat – سرب-کروشيايي" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prvi punski rat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="سرب-کروشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Punic_War" title="First Punic War – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="First Punic War" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prv%C3%A1_p%C3%BAnska_vojna" title="Prvá púnska vojna – سلوواکي" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prvá púnska vojna" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="سلوواکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prva_punska_vojna" title="Prva punska vojna – سلوواني" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prva punska vojna" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="سلوواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Први пунски рат – سربيائي" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Први пунски рат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Punik_I" title="Perang Punik I – سوډاني" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Perang Punik I" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="سوډاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6rsta_puniska_kriget" title="Första puniska kriget – سویډنی" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Första puniska kriget" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سویډنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B6%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87" title="สงครามพิวนิกครั้งที่หนึ่ง – تايلېنډي" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สงครามพิวนิกครั้งที่หนึ่ง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="تايلېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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</ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> په نورو پروژو کې </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/First_Punic_War" hreflang="en"><span>ويکيمېډيا کامنز</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6286" title="د نښلېدلي اومتوک زېرمتون توکي سره تړنه [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ويکي‌ډېټا توکی</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ښکارېدونکې بڼه"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ښکارېدونکې بڼه</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">پټول</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">د ويکيپېډيا، وړیا پوهنغونډ له خوا</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="ps" dir="rtl"><p><br /> <b>لومړۍ پوني جګړه</b> (په انګلیسي: First Punic War؛ د ۲۶۴ او ۲۴۱ق‌م کلونو ترمنځ) د روم او قرتاج ترمنځ، چې د درېیمې ق‌م پېړۍ په لومړیو کې د مدیترانې په لوېدیځ کې ستر قدرتونو ګڼل کېدل، له درېیو جګړو څخه لومړۍ جګړه وه. د ۲۳ کلونو لپاره، په خورا اوږدې او دوامدارې نښته او د لرغوني پېر په یوې لویې سمندري جګړه کې، د سیمې دوه قدرتونه د مخواکۍ ترلاسه کولو لپاره سره مبارزه وکړه. جګړه د مدیترانې سمندرګي په سیسیلیا ټاپو کې او شاوخوا سمندري سیمو او د افریقا په شمال کې ونښته. دواړو خواوو ته د درنو زیانونو له اوښتلو وروسته، قرتاجیانو له ماتې سره مخ شول. </p><p>جګړه په ۲۶۴ق‌م کال کې هغه مهال پیل شوه چې رومیانو د سیسیلیا په مېسانا کې (اوسنۍ مېسینا) اډه ترلاسه کړه. وروسته رومیانو په نوموړې ټاپو کې یوازېنی مستقل او بانفوذه قدرت «سیراکوزا» تر سخت فشار لاندې ونیوه ترڅو له هغو سره لاس یو کړي او په اکراګاس کې یې د قرتاج لویې اډې د محاصرې پلان پلي کړ. د قرتاج یوه ستر پوځ په ۲۶۲ق‌م کې له محاصرې څخه د خلاصون هڅه وکړه خو په اکراګاس جګړه کې یې درنه ماته وخوړله. وروسته، رومیانو د یوه سمندري پیاوړي ځواک په جوړولو سره قرتاجیان وننګول او د جګړې نویو تکتیکونو په کارونې سره یې څو ځلي کلکې ماتې ورکړې. په کورسیکا کې د قرتاجیانو یوه اډه ونیول شوه، خو پر ساردینیا باندې برید پر شا وتمبول شو؛ وروسته د کورسیکا اډه له‌لاسه ووتله. د سمندري جګړو له‌لارې په پوره ګټې پورته کولو سره رومیانو د افریقا شمال باندې بریدونه پیل کړل، خو قرتاجیانو یې مخه ونیولای شوه. د کېپ اېکنوموس په جګړه کې قرتاجیان بیا ځلي له ماتې سره مخ شول؛ د ښکېل جنګیالیو له پلوه، په اغلب احتمال سره دغه جګړه د تاریخ تر ټولو لویه سمندري جګړه وه. بریدونه په لومړیو کې د رومیانو په بري پرمخ تلل او په ۲۵۵ق‌م کې قرتاجیانو د سولې غوښتنه وکړه؛ وړاندیز شوي شرایط ډېر سخت او د نه‌منلو وړ وو نو هغو جګړې ته دوام ورکړ او بریدګرو ته یې ماته ورکړه. رومیانو د خپلو پاتې ژوندیو جنګیالانو د ژغورلو لپاره د جنګي بېړیو یوه ډله ولېږله خو قرتاجیان د افریقا په شمال کې د کېپ هرمیوم په جګړه کې په لار کې ورته ودرېدل؛ په پایله کې قرتاجیانو کلکه ماته وخوړله. د رومیانو جنګي بېړیو ډله هم اېټالیا ته د ستنېدو پر مهال په توپانونو کې راګیر شوه، ډېري بېړۍ له‌منځه ولاړې او شاوخوا ۱۰۰،۰۰۰ کسانو ته مرګ‌ژوبله واوښته. </p><p>جګړې دوام وموند او هېڅ اړخ په مطلقه توګه برلاسی نه‌شو. قرتاجیانو په ۲۵۵ق‌م کې د یوه برید په ترڅ کې اکراګاس بېرته ونیوه، خو پوهېدل چې د ښار واک نه‌شي ساتلای، نو هغه یې ویجاړ کړ او ورڅخه ووتل. رومیانو په چټکۍ سره د جنګي بېړیو ډله ورغوله او ۲۲۰ نوې بېړۍ یې ورزیاتې کړې او پانورموس (اوسنی پالرمو) یې ونیوه. په راتلونکي کال کې یې ۱۵۰ بېړۍ په یوه توپان کې له‌لاسه ورکړې. په ۲۵۱ق‌م کال کې قرتاجیانو د پانورموس بېرته نیولو هڅه وکړه، خو له ښاره بهر په یوې جګړه کې یې ماته وخوړه. رومیانو کرار، کرار د سیسیلیا ډېري سیمې اشغال کړې وې؛ په ۲۴۹ق‌م کې یې په لېرې پرتو لویدېځ سیمو کې د قرتاجیانو وروستي دوه مرکزونه هم کلابند کړل. همدا راز، د قرتاجیانو پر جنګي بېړیو باندې یې یو ناببره غلچکی برید ترسره کړ خو د درېپانا په جګړه کې یې ماته وخوړله. قرتاجیانو خپل بري ته دوام ورکړ او د فین‌تیاس په جګړه کې د رومیانو ډېرشمېر پاتې جنګي بېړۍ له‌لاسه ولاړې. د څو کلونو لپاره جګړه په ټپه ودرېدله؛ رومیانو په ۲۴۳ق‌م کال کې د جنګي بېړیو ډله بیا ورغوله او د قرتاجیانو لښکرکوټونه یې په واقعي توګه محاصره کړل. قرتاج د جنګي بېړیو یوه ډله تنظیم کړه ترڅو محاصره ماته کړي، خو دغه ډله په ۲۴۱ق‌م کې د اېګېتس ټاپوګانو په جګړه کې له‌منځه ولاړه، او د قرتاجیانو ځواکونه په سیسیلیا کې د سولې لپاره مذاکرې ته اړ شول. </p><p>یو تړون لاسلیک شو، چې د تړون شرایطو له‌مخې قرتاج رومیانو ته ډېر جنګي تاوانونه ورکړل او سیسیلیا د یوه رومي ولایت په توګه ضمیمه شو. له هغې وروسته، روم د مدیترانې په لوېدیځ کې مخکښ نظامي قدرت ؤ او په ټوله کې د مدیترانې په حوزه کې ورځ په ورځ لاسبری کېده. د جګړې په اوږدو کې د کابو ۱،۰۰۰ ګالیو (ګالۍ: یو ډول جنګي بېړۍ) جوړولو نه‌ستړې کېدونکو هلوځلو رومیانو ته زمینه برابره کړه ترڅو د ۶۰۰ کلونو لپاره سمندري واکمنۍ په ولکه کې وساتي. د جګړې له سرته رسېدلو وروسته، د قرتاجیانو په ټولواکمنۍ کې یو ستر خو ناکامه قیام رامنځ‌ته شو. د روم او قرتاج ترمنځ د نه‌حل شوې ستراتیژیکۍ سیالۍ له‌امله، په ۲۱۸ق‌م کې د دوه‌یمې پوني جګړې اور بل شو. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="لومړۍ_سرچینې"><span id=".D9.84.D9.88.D9.85.DA.93.DB.8D_.D8.B3.D8.B1.DA.86.DB.8C.D9.86.DB.90"></span>لومړۍ سرچینې</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%DA%93%DB%8D_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%AC%DA%AB%DA%93%D9%87&action=edit&section=1" title="د سمولو برخه: لومړۍ سرچینې"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>د پوني (په انګلیسي: Punic) ګړنه له لاتین وییکي «Punicus» (یا «Poenicus») څخه اخېستل شوې ده، چې د «فینیقي» په معنی ده او قرتاجیانو فینیقي نسب ښودلو لپاره کارول کېږي. د لومړۍ پوني جګړې کابو ټولو اړخونو لپاره تر ټولو لویه سرچینه یوناني مورخ پولیبیوس دی (پیدایښت: شاوخوا ۲۰۰، مړینه: شاوخوا ۱۱۸ق‌م)، چې په ۱۶۷ق‌م کې د برمته په توګه روم ته واستول شو. د نورو آثارو ترڅنګ د نظامي تکتیکونو په هکله یو لارښود کتاب لري چې اوس ورک دی، خو اوس‌مهال د «تاریخونو» کتاب لیکلو له‌پلوه ډېر پېژندل کېږي؛ دغه اثر په ۱۴۶ق‌م یا له پوني لومړۍ جګړۍ څخه یوه پېړۍ وروسته په ۴۰ ټوکونو کې لیکل شوی ؤ. د پولیبیوس اثر په پراخه توګه عیني واقعیتونه منعکس کړي او تر ډېره بریده د قرتاجیانو او رومیانو ترمنځ یې د بې‌پلویتوب اصل په پام کې نیولی دی.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200620_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200620-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELazenby1996x–xi_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELazenby1996x–xi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHau201623–24_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHau201623–24-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalbank199011–12_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalbank199011–12-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShutt193853_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShutt193853-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETipps1985432_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETipps1985432-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESidwellJones199716_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESidwellJones199716-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>د قرتاجیانو پلازمېنه قرتاج په ۱۴۶ق‌م [د درېیمي پوني جګړې په اوږدو کې] ویجاړه او لیکل شوي اسناد یې هم له‌منځه ولاړل، نو د لومړۍ پوني جګړې په هکله د پولیبیوس لیکنې تر ډېره د یوناني او لاتین سرچینو (چې اوس ورکې دي) پر بنسټ دي. پولیبیوس یو شنونکی مورخ ؤ او د امکان په صورت کې په پېښو کې له ښکېل کسانو سره یې په شخصي توګه مرکه کوله. د «تاریخونو» اثر یوازې لومړی ټوک لومړۍ پوني جګړه نغاړي. د پولیبیوس د پېښلیکنو پر سموالي باندې په تېرو ۱۵۰ کلونو کې ګڼ‌شمېر بحثونه شوي دي، خو د نومهاله عمومي توافق له‌مخې، دغه لیکنې تر ډېره واقعي او ارزښتمنې ګڼل کېږي او په نومهالو سرچینو د نوموړې جګړې جزئیات تر ډېره د پولیبیوس آثارو د تفسیر او شننې پر بنسټ بیانېږي. معاصر تاریخ‌پوه څرګندوي: «ټولو ته څرګنده شوه چې پولیبیوس په بشپړه توګه د اعتماد وړ دی»؛ په داسې حال کې چې کرېج ب. چمپين هغه د یوه «خورا باخبره، زحمتکښ او د بصیرت خاوند مورخ» په توګه ستایي. د لومړۍ پوني جګړې په هکله نور تاریخي آثار هم شتون لري چې له پولیبیوس وروسته لیکل شوي دي، ډېري یې نیمګړي، ټوټه، ټوټه او لنډ دي. معاصر تاریخ‌پوهان په ټولیزه توګه د بېلابېلو رومي پېښلیکونکو، په تېره بیا د لیوي (چې د پولیبیوس پر لیکنو استناد کوي)، د سیسیلیا یوناني لیکوال دیودوروس او د اپیان او کاسیوس دیو نیمګړې لیکنې په پام کې نیسي. کلاسیک‌پال ادریان ګولدزورتي بیانوي چې، «که چېرې زموږ لیکنې او د پېښو تفصیل د پولیبیوس له لیکنو سره په توپیر کې واقع شي، نو د هغه لیکنه غوره او موثقه ګڼو». ځمکني لرغونپوهنیز شواهد او د ترایریم (د لرغوني روم او یونان جنګي بېړۍ) بیا رغول شوي «المپیاس» په څېر د بیا رغول شویو وسایلو په هکله تجربي شواهد د لومړۍ پوني جګړې په هکله لا زیاتې سرچینې دي.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShutt193855_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShutt193855-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200620–21_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200620–21-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELazenby1996x–xi,_82–84_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELazenby1996x–xi,_82–84-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETipps1985432_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETipps1985432-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200621_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200621-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERPM_Foundation2020_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERPM_Foundation2020-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETusaRoyal201212_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETusaRoyal201212-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPrag2013_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrag2013-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETusaRoyal201245–46_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETusaRoyal201245–46-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray2019_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray2019-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200623,_98_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200623,_98-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMineo2015111–127_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMineo2015111–127-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200622_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200622-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoyos2015102_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoyos2015102-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECurry201234_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECurry201234-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETipps1985432–433_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETipps1985432–433-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200620–21_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200620–21-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200621_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200621-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200623_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200623-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="سیسیلیا_د_۲۵۵_او_۲۴۸ق‌م_کلونو_په_ترڅ_کې"><span id=".D8.B3.DB.8C.D8.B3.DB.8C.D9.84.DB.8C.D8.A7_.D8.AF_.DB.B2.DB.B5.DB.B5_.D8.A7.D9.88_.DB.B2.DB.B4.DB.B8.D9.82.E2.80.8C.D9.85_.DA.A9.D9.84.D9.88.D9.86.D9.88_.D9.BE.D9.87_.D8.AA.D8.B1.DA.85_.DA.A9.DB.90"></span>سیسیلیا د ۲۵۵ او ۲۴۸ق‌م کلونو په ترڅ کې</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%DA%93%DB%8D_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%AC%DA%AB%DA%93%D9%87&action=edit&section=2" title="د سمولو برخه: سیسیلیا د ۲۵۵ او ۲۴۸ق‌م کلونو په ترڅ کې"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>رومیانو خپلې ډېري جنګي بېړۍ په ۲۵۵ق‌م کې په یوه توپان کې له‌لاسه ورکړې، خو په چټکۍ سره یې ۲۲۰ نوې بېړۍ جوړې کړې. په ۲۵۴ق‌م کې قرتاجیانو د یوه برید له‌لارې اکراګاس ونیوه، خو باوري نه‌وو چې ښار دې وساتلای شي، نو ښار یې وسوځوه، دېوالونه یې ورته ونړول او ووتل. په همدې وخت کې، رومیانو پر سیسیلیا باندې یو ستر برید پیل کړ. د جنګي بېړیو ټولو ډلو یې د دواړو استازو تر نظر لاندې، د همهغه کال په لومړیو کې پر پانورموس برید وکړ. ښار محاصره او کلابند شو او د محاصرې ماشینونه تنظیم شول. د دغو ماشینونو په مرسته یې د ښار دېوالونه سوري کړل او رومیانو پر ښار باندې د بریدونو توپانونه جوړل کړل، د ښار بهرنۍ برخې یې ونیولې او هېڅ اسیر جنګیالی یې ژوندې پرې‌نه‌ښود. دننی ښار ډېر ژر تسلیم شو. ۱۴،۰۰۰ ښارمېشتو چې د غرامت وسه درلوده د خپل د سر بیه رومیانو ته ورکړه او پاتې ۱۳،۰۰۰ کسان په غلامۍ خرڅ شول. د ترسره شوي توافق له‌مخې، د سیسیلیا ډېرې لویدېځې دننۍ برخې نن رومیانو ته رسېدلې دي: پر ټولو یتس، سولوس یا سولنتوم، پترا او تینداریس.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles2011189–190_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles2011189–190-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELazenby1996114–116,_169_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELazenby1996114–116,_169-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBagnall199980_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBagnall199980-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERankov2015158_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERankov2015158-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELazenby1996114_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELazenby1996114-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="سرچينې"><span id=".D8.B3.D8.B1.DA.86.D9.8A.D9.86.DB.90"></span>سرچينې</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%DA%93%DB%8D_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%AC%DA%AB%DA%93%D9%87&action=edit&section=3" title="د سمولو برخه: سرچينې"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200620-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200620_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldsworthy2006">Goldsworthy 2006</a>، م. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELazenby1996x–xi-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELazenby1996x–xi_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLazenby1996">Lazenby 1996</a>، مم. x–xi.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHau201623–24-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHau201623–24_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHau2016">Hau 2016</a>، مم. 23–24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalbank199011–12-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWalbank199011–12_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWalbank1990">Walbank 1990</a>، مم. 11–12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShutt193853-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShutt193853_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShutt1938">Shutt 1938</a>، م. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETipps1985432-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETipps1985432_6-0">۶٫۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETipps1985432_6-1">۶٫۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTipps1985">Tipps 1985</a>، م. 432.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESidwellJones199716-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESidwellJones199716_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSidwellJones1997">Sidwell او Jones 1997</a>، م. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShutt193855-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShutt193855_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShutt1938">Shutt 1938</a>، م. 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200620–21-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200620–21_9-0">۹٫۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200620–21_9-1">۹٫۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldsworthy2006">Goldsworthy 2006</a>، مم. 20–21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELazenby1996x–xi,_82–84-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELazenby1996x–xi,_82–84_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLazenby1996">Lazenby 1996</a>، مم. x–xi, 82–84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200621-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200621_11-0">۱۱٫۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200621_11-1">۱۱٫۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldsworthy2006">Goldsworthy 2006</a>، م. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERPM_Foundation2020-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERPM_Foundation2020_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRPM_Foundation2020">RPM Foundation 2020</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETusaRoyal201212-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETusaRoyal201212_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTusaRoyal2012">Tusa او Royal 2012</a>، م. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrag2013-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPrag2013_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPrag2013">Prag 2013</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETusaRoyal201245–46-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETusaRoyal201245–46_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTusaRoyal2012">Tusa او Royal 2012</a>، مم. 45–46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray2019-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray2019_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMurray2019">Murray 2019</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200623,_98-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200623,_98_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldsworthy2006">Goldsworthy 2006</a>، مم. 23, 98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMineo2015111–127-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMineo2015111–127_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMineo2015">Mineo 2015</a>، مم. 111–127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200622-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200622_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldsworthy2006">Goldsworthy 2006</a>، م. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoyos2015102-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoyos2015102_20-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHoyos2015">Hoyos 2015</a>، م. 102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECurry201234-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECurry201234_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCurry2012">Curry 2012</a>، م. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETipps1985432–433-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETipps1985432–433_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTipps1985">Tipps 1985</a>، مم. 432–433.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200623-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy200623_23-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldsworthy2006">Goldsworthy 2006</a>، م. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles2011189–190-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles2011189–190_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMiles2011">Miles 2011</a>، مم. 189–190.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELazenby1996114–116,_169-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELazenby1996114–116,_169_25-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLazenby1996">Lazenby 1996</a>، مم. 114–116, 169.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBagnall199980-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBagnall199980_26-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBagnall1999">Bagnall 1999</a>، م. 80.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERankov2015158-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERankov2015158_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRankov2015">Rankov 2015</a>، م. 158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELazenby1996114-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELazenby1996114_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLazenby1996">Lazenby 1996</a>، م. 114.</span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=لومړۍ_پوني_جګړه&oldid=308242">https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=لومړۍ_پوني_جګړه&oldid=308242</a>" نه اخيستل شوی</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer 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