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class="col-sm-8"> <div class="highlighted"> <div class="region region-highlighted"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="region region-content"> <h1 class="page-header"><span>Miguel Juan Balaguer de Camarasa</span> </h1> <article role="article" about="/biografias/7541/miguel-juan-balaguer-de-camarasa" class="bio full clearfix"> <div class="content"> <div class="wrapper-biografia"> <div class="field field--name-field-biografia field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field--label sr-only">Biografía</div> <div class="field--item"> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-weight:bold;">Balaguer de Camarasa, Miguel Juan. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Camarasa (Lérida), </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">c. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">1590 – Malta, 5.XII.1663. Doctor en ambos Derechos, prior de la Orden de San Juan de Jerusalén en Malta y obispo de Malta desde 1635 hasta su muerte.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Poco se sabe sobre su vida, hasta que aparece en la isla de Malta; tan sólo que había adquirido el doctorado en ambos derechos, aunque se ignora en qué universidad.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Su presencia en Malta se detecta, en primer lugar, como “Freyle Capellán conventual de la Religión de San Juan de Jerusalén” (Gómez Uriel, 1884, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">apud </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Latassa). Pronto pasó a ser prior o, más exactamente, “abad mitrado” de la iglesia de esta Orden de San Juan. Quizás no esté fuera de lugar decir que el emperador Carlos V, el 24 de marzo de 1530, cedió la isla de Malta y adyacentes a los grandes maestres de la Orden de San Juan de Jerusalén. Quedaron los grandes maestres como soberanos territoriales, mas, para demostrar simbólicamente su dependencia del Rey español, se daría anualmente, como símbolo de reconocimiento, un halcón maltés al virrey español de Sicilia. Pues bien, hallábase ejerciendo muy dignamente Balaguer el cargo antes dicho de abad mitrado de la Orden, cuando fue presentado por el rey Felipe IV ante el papa Urbano VIII como futuro obispo de Malta, lo que fue aprobado por la Santa Sede el 12 de febrero de 1635. Balaguer debía de hallarse en Roma entonces, porque seis días después, el 18 de febrero, fue consagrado en la Ciudad Eterna por el cardenal Francesco Maria Brancaccio, asistido por el cardenal Pier Luigi Carafa y el obispo Carlo Caraza.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Viajó enseguida y tomó posesión de su sede maltesa el 23 de marzo de 1635. Esta sede episcopal se encontraba por entonces en un momento comprometido, a causa de los conflictos levantados por las pretendidas usurpaciones del papa Urbano VIII sobre los seculares privilegios de la Orden y, además, por las acusaciones, tanto del Papa como del Rey de España, de que la Orden reclutaba militarmente ciudadanos malteses en perjuicio del fuero eclesiástico. Por eso, Balaguer debió gobernar tan especial diócesis de una forma muy prudente, con un moderado celo, para conciliar los intereses del papado, del Rey de España y de la Orden de San Juan, que ya se conocía como Orden de Malta, representada por el longevo gran maestre Pablo Lascaris (1560-1657). Así tuvo que dirigir su iglesia diocesana Balaguer (“en medio de diversos incidentes [...]”, según el </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Dictionnaire d’Histoire [...], </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">1932) durante veinte y ocho años.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Hacia la mitad de su episcopado había celebrado un sínodo diocesano en Malta en 1646, cuyas conclusiones se publicaron en Roma. Y había obtenido del papa Urbano VIII dos decretos: uno, “el distintivo para sus dignidades y canónigos del roquete de manga justa, de muceta, manto violado de seda y capillo de armiños” (</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Enciclopedia Espasa, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">1910); otro, regulando el producto de los espolios de los obispos de Malta, para que tuviesen el más legítimo destino y no otro, como se pretendía por uso y costumbre, gracias a la publicación por Balaguer de su libro </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Tratado de los legítimos derechos de los Espolios [...]. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Aparte de este </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Tratado [...], </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">y de la publicación del sínodo, la </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Enciclopedia Espasa </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">(1910) le atribuye “otras publicaciones”, sin que se haya conseguido encontrarlas.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Es curioso, o casual, que al proceder el erudito Rocco Pirro a publicar su voluminosa obra </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Sicilia Sacra [...] </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">(tres grandes volúmenes, publicados en 1630, 1641 y 1651), en su volumen II (1641), incluye la parte de su obra correspondiente al “Liber Tertius” que incorpora, en su “Noticia Septima”, la parte dedicada a la “Melitensis Ecclesiae episcopales” (págs. 583-628), es decir, un capítulo séptimo dedicado a la Iglesia episcopal de Malta. Como quiera que en dichos años regía la diócesis Camarasa, el autor de esta obra, R. Pirro, hace una barroca dedicatoria de su parte monográfica a quien entonces era el obispo de Malta, el “Illustriss</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><sup>mo</sup></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> et Reverendiss</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><sup>mo</sup></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> Domino F. D. io. Michali Balagver et Camarasa, Melitenses Episcopo”, insertando en la cabecera su muy historiado escudo episcopal y una meliflua dedicatoria, todo en latín, lengua en que está escrita la gran obra, que ocupa dos páginas (583 y 584). Luego sigue la serie histórica de los obispos de Malta, que tuvieron una larga interrupción con la “ocupación agarena”, reanudándose el nuevo episcopado maltés con numeración propia, desde el número uno, con Gvalterius, en el año 1089, y siguiendo ininterrumpidamente hasta el número 45, que corresponde a Balaguer de Camarasa, que empieza de la siguiente forma: “45. F. Michall io. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Balaguer Camarasa, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Aragonensis [...]”. Habla de su presentación por el rey Felipe IV, su aceptación por el papa Urbano VIII, su consagración, su toma de posesión (el 25 de marzo de 1635, ligera diferencia con otros datos históricos reseñados), del vicario Antonio Tholossentem, de las religiosas de Santa Úrsula, de la “piedad y prudencia” del obispo, del decreto del Papa sobre la concesión a los canónigos de la Iglesia maltesa de “Muzetta violacei coloris, cum Rochetta, atque Cappa magna [...]” (mucetas de color violeta, con roquete, y una gran capa [...]), así como diversas intervenciones del “F. Paulus Lascaris Castellar”, el gran maestre de la Orden de Malta. No menciona el sínodo diocesano, porque el libro está publicado en 1641 y el sínodo fue en 1646; tampoco habla de los escritos del obispo.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Falleció Balaguer del Camarasa en su sede episcopal el 5 de diciembre de 1663 (y no “el 14 de septiembre”, como dice el </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Dictionnaire d’Histoire et de Géographie Ecclésiastiques [...], </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">1932) y fue sepultado en la catedral de Malta.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Obras de ~: </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Tratado de los legítimos derechos de los Espolios episcopales y sus verdaderos destinos, en el que se manifiestan los abusos que deben remediarse en los que provienen de las vacantes de la Sede de Malta </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">[obra citada por todos los biógrafos, pero de la que no se ha encontrado ningún ejemplar en Bibliotecas europeas]; </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Malta Diocesi. Decreta meliuetanae synodi actae in cathedrali melitensi, die vigesima, secunde abrilis, dominicia tertia post Pasc., </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Romae, 1647.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bibl.: R. Pirri, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Sicilia Sacra, seu Notitiae Siciliensium Ecclesiarum, Abbatiarum, Prioratuum, &c., </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Panormi [= Palermo], ex Typis Hieronymi de Rosellis, 1641, vol. II, págs. 583-584 y 615; I. S. Mifsud, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Biblioteca Maltese del avvocato Mifsud. Parte prima che contiene l’istoria cronologica e le notizie della persona e delle opere degli scrittori nati a Malta e Gozo fino all’ anno 1650, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Malta, stamp. di D. N. Capaci, 1764, XXIV + 437 págs; P. B. Gams, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Series Episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae [...], </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Ratisbonae, G. J. Man, 1873, vol. I, pág. 948; M. Gómez Uriel, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Bibliotecas Antigua y Nueva de Escritores Aragoneses de LATASSA, aumentadas y refundidas en forma de Diccionario Bibliográfico-Biográfico, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Zaragoza, Imprenta de Calisto Ariño, 1884, vol. I, pág. 174; </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Enciclopedia Universal Ilustrada Europeo-Americana [...], </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Madrid, Espasa Calpe, 1910, vol. VII, pág. 280; Fr. J. Pont y Martí, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Archivo de la Embajada de España cerca de la Santa Sede, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">vol. II, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Índice analítico de los documentos del siglo XVII, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Roma, Palacio de España, 1917, pág. 121 (leg. 121, año 1664, carta al Papa sobre vacante por muerte del obispo de Malta, el “Fr. Mig. Balaguer” y “propuesta de nuevo obispo para Fr. Lucas Bueno, día 11 de agosto”); “Balaguer y Camarasa (Miguel-Juan)”, en </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Dictionnaire d’Histoire et de Géographie Ecclésiastiques [...], </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">vol. VI, Paris-VI, Letouze et Ané, 1932, cols. 301-302; L. Ferrari, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Onomasticon. Repertorio biobibliografico degli scrittori italiani del 1501 al 1850, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Milano, Ulrico Hoepli, 1947, pág. 88 [se apoya en la </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Biblioteca Maltese, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">de I. S. Mifsud, 1764, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">supra</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">]; A. Z. Gabarretta, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">The presentation and nomination of the bishops of Malta in 17th and 18th centuries, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Malta, Universidad, 1961 [tesis doctoral]; </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Diccionari Biogràfic, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Barcelona, Alberti Editor, 1966, vol. I, pág. 187; </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Index Bio-Bibliographicus Notorum Hominum, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Osnabrück, Biblio Verlag, 1978, vol. 10, pág. 762; J. Galtés: “Balaguer de Camarasa, Miquel Joan”, en </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Barcelona, Enciclopèdia Catalana, 1981, vol. III, pág. 58.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Fernando Rodríguez de la Torre</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </section> <aside class="col-sm-4" role="complementary"> <div class="region region-sidebar-second"> <section id="block-preguntasfrecuentes" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentbb506541-4315-4ede-8b34-510511732f52 clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p><a href="/preguntas-frecuentes">Preguntas frecuentes</a></p> </div> </section> <section class="views-element-container block block-views block-views-blockbiografia-destacada-block-2 clearfix" id="block-views-block-biografia-destacada-block-2"> <h2 class="block-title">Biografía destacada</h2> <div class="form-group"><div class="view view-biografia-destacada view-id-biografia_destacada view-display-id-block_2 js-view-dom-id-1cf400a7482de0ea7bb57c9bcd243339e0fceb70312fe3c0de174e236f98cd35"> <div class="view-content"> <div id="views-bootstrap-biografia-destacada-block-2" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel" data-interval="5000" data-pause="" data-wrap="0"> <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"> <div class="item row active"> <div class="col-md-12"> <a href="/biografias/portal-historia-hispanica" hreflang="und"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/imagenes/biografias/Portal-Historia-Hisp%C3%A1nica.jpg" width="480" height="320" alt="HH" title="https://historia-hispanica.rah.es/" typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" /> </a> <div class="carousel-caption"> <h3><a href="/biografias/portal-historia-hispanica" hreflang="und">Portal "Historia Hispánica"</a></h3> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </aside> </div> <div class="row content-wrapper"> <div class="region region-content-bottom"> <section id="block-dbepersonajesrelacionados" class="block block-dbe-block block-dbe-personajes-relacionados clearfix"> <div class="block-personajes-relacionados-wrapper"> <h1>Relación con otros personajes del DBE</h1> <div class="col-xs-12 block-personajes-content"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-5 col-first"> <div class="views-element-container form-group"><div class="view view-personajes-relacionados view-id-personajes_relacionados view-display-id-block_2 js-view-dom-id-0d5a04155e92cf6ee8f66f549550f8628f0a1bac8e23549fe67ea944132698a8"> <div class="view-header"> <h2>Biografías que citan a este personaje</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-2"> <div class="views-element-container form-group"><div class="view view-personaje view-id-personaje view-display-id-block_1 js-view-dom-id-485770c9de41108cc88f1e3785c3b4765d91992c0bd76366e94491b519f540d7"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-field-image"><div class="field-content"> <a href="/biografias/7541/miguel-juan-balaguer-de-camarasa" hreflang="und"><img width="100" height="100" src="/sites/default/files/default_images/personaje-azul.svg" alt="DBE" title="DBE" typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" /> </a> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/biografias/7541/miguel-juan-balaguer-de-camarasa" hreflang="und">Miguel Juan Balaguer de Camarasa</a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-5 col-last"> <div class="views-element-container form-group"><div class="view view-personajes-relacionados view-id-personajes_relacionados view-display-id-block_1 js-view-dom-id-5c75887a6ab5a4d3021f9925d27f553696480a3de35394001bb9be33efeec12b"> <div class="view-header"> <h2>Personajes citados en esta biografía</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="block-dbepersonajessimilares" class="block block-dbe-block block-dbe-personajes-similares clearfix"> <div class="block-personajes-similares-wrapper"> <h1>Personajes similares</h1> <div class="personajes-similares-select-wrapper"> <select id="personajes-similares-select" class="form-select required form-control"> <option value="1" selected="selected">Mismo ámbito disciplinar / Misma época</option> <option value="2">Mismo ámbito geográfico de nacimiento / Misma época</option> <option value="3">Mismo ámbito geográfico de muerte / Misma época</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 block-personajes-content"> <div class="col-xs-12 content-similares content-similares-1 active"> <div class="views-element-container form-group"><div class="view view-personajes-similares 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