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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="distributive job"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 50</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: distributive job</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> The Role of Team Efficacy and Coaching on the Relationships between Distributive and Procedural Justice and Job Engagement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoonhee%20Cho">Yoonhee Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gye-Hoon%20Hong"> Gye-Hoon Hong </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focuses on the roles of distributive and procedural justice on job engagement. Additionally, the study focuses on whether situational factors such as team efficacy and team leaders’ coaching moderate the relationship between distributive and procedural justice and job engagement. Ordinary linear regression was used to analyze data from seven South Korean Companies (total N=346). Results confirmed the hypothesized model indicating that both distributive and procedural justices were positively related to job engagement of employees. Team efficacy and team leaders’ coaching moderated the relationship between distributive justice and job engagement whereas it brought non-significant result found for procedural justice. The facts that two types of justice and the interactive effects of two situational variables were different implied that different managerial strategies should be used when job engagement was to be enhanced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coaching" title="coaching">coaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title=" distributive justice"> distributive justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20engagement" title=" job engagement"> job engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procedural%20justice" title=" procedural justice"> procedural justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team%20efficacy" title=" team efficacy"> team efficacy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23699/the-role-of-team-efficacy-and-coaching-on-the-relationships-between-distributive-and-procedural-justice-and-job-engagement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">554</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Did Nature of Job Matters - Impact of Perceived Job Autonomy on Turnover Intention in Sales and Marketing Managers: Moderating Effect of Procedural and Distributive Justice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Babar%20Shahzad">Muhammad Babar Shahzad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of our study is to investigate the relationship between perceived job autonomy and turnover intention in sales & marketing staff. Perceived job autonomy is considered one of most studied dimension of Job Characteristic Model. But still there is a confusion in scholars about predictive role of perceived job autonomy in turnover intention. In line of more complex research on this relation, we investigated the relationship between perceived job autonomy and turnover intention. Did nature of job have any impact on this relationship. On the call of different authors we take interactive effect of perceived job autonomy and procedural justice on turnover intention. Predictive role of distributive justice to employee outcomes is not deniable. But predictive role of distributive justice will be prone in different contextual influences. Interactive role of distributive justice and perceived job autonomy is also not tested before. We collected date from 279 marketing and sales managers working in financial institution, FMCG industries, Pharamesutical Industry & Bank. Strong and direct negative relation was found in perceived job autonomy, distributive justice & procedural justice on turnover intention. Distributive and procedural justice is also amplifying the negative relationship of perceived job autonomy and turnover intention. Limitation and future direction for research is also discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceived%20job%20autonomy" title="perceived job autonomy">perceived job autonomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turnover%20intention" title=" turnover intention"> turnover intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procedural%20justice" title=" procedural justice"> procedural justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20job" title=" distributive job"> distributive job</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26402/did-nature-of-job-matters-impact-of-perceived-job-autonomy-on-turnover-intention-in-sales-and-marketing-managers-moderating-effect-of-procedural-and-distributive-justice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Impact of Distributive in-Justice on Turnover Intention: An Exploratory Study on Turnover Intention among Line Staff Working in Textile Composite Units in Karachi Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Warraichi">Warraichi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Kanwal"> G. Kanwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of the study was to explore relationship between distributive justice and intention to leave the organization by the line staff working in textile sector of Karachi Pakistan. Based on literature review it was hypothesized that perceived distributive justice is positively correlated with intention to leave the organization. A survey of 92 participants (12 female and 80 Male) of textile employee of Karachi was conducted. Two measures were used i.e. 3 item questionnaires on turn over intention developed by Mobley, Horner, & Hollingsworth (1978) and a 13 item and 6 point likert scale questionnaire is adopted from the validated questionnaire of Robert Moorman. Result supports the hypothesis that significant correlation was found between distributive justice and intention to leave the organization. Moreover the results also suggest that distributive justice effect on the intention to leave the organization by the textile line staff. Theoretical and methodological outcome are discussed including recommendations are provided which possibly contribute to the textile industry. Highlighted areas of further study are also provided to open research arena for other researchers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title="distributive justice">distributive justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turnover%20intention" title=" turnover intention"> turnover intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile%20industry" title=" textile industry"> textile industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karachi-Pakistan" title=" Karachi-Pakistan"> Karachi-Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15311/impact-of-distributive-in-justice-on-turnover-intention-an-exploratory-study-on-turnover-intention-among-line-staff-working-in-textile-composite-units-in-karachi-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Can Sustainability Help Achieve Social Justice?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Davodi-Far">Maryam Davodi-Far</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although sustainability offers a vision to preserve the earth’s resources while sustaining life on earth, there tends to be injustice and disparity in how resources are allocated across the globe. As such, the question that arises is whom will sustainability benefit? Will the rich grow richer and the poor become worse off? Is there a way to find balance between sustainability and still implement and achieve success with distributive justice theories? One of the facets of justice is distributive justice; the idea of balancing benefits and costs associated with the way in which we disseminate and consume goods. Social justice relies on how the cost and burdens of our resource allocation can be done reasonably and equitably and spread across a number of societies, and within each society spread across diverse groups and communities. In the end, the question is how to interact with the environment and diverse communities of today and of those communities of the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumerism" title="consumerism">consumerism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20justice" title=" social justice"> social justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20equity" title=" social equity"> social equity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title=" distributive justice"> distributive justice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41220/can-sustainability-help-achieve-social-justice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41220.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> A Study on Ideals and Prime Ideals of Sub-Distributive Semirings and Its Applications to Symmetric Fuzzy Numbers </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosy%20Joseph">Rosy Joseph</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> From an algebraic point of view, Semirings provide the most natural generalization of group theory and ring theory. In the absence of additive inverse in a semiring, one had to impose a weaker condition on the semiring, i.e., the additive cancellative law to study interesting structural properties. In many practical situations, fuzzy numbers are used to model imprecise observations derived from uncertain measurements or linguistic assessments. In this connection, a special class of fuzzy numbers whose shape is symmetric with respect to a vertical line called the symmetric fuzzy numbers i.e., for α ∈ (0, 1] the α − cuts will have a constant mid-point and the upper end of the interval will be a non-increasing function of α, the lower end will be the image of this function, is suitable. Based on this description, arithmetic operations and a ranking technique to order the symmetric fuzzy numbers were dealt with in detail. Wherein it was observed that the structure of the class of symmetric fuzzy numbers forms a commutative semigroup with cancellative property. Also, it forms a multiplicative monoid satisfying sub-distributive property.In this paper, we introduce the algebraic structure, sub-distributive semiring and discuss its various properties viz., ideals and prime ideals of sub-distributive semiring, sub-distributive ring of difference etc. in detail. Symmetric fuzzy numbers are visualized as an illustration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semirings" title="semirings">semirings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subdistributive%20ring%20of%20difference" title=" subdistributive ring of difference"> subdistributive ring of difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subdistributive%20semiring" title=" subdistributive semiring"> subdistributive semiring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symmetric%20fuzzy%20numbers" title=" symmetric fuzzy numbers"> symmetric fuzzy numbers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84413/a-study-on-ideals-and-prime-ideals-of-sub-distributive-semirings-and-its-applications-to-symmetric-fuzzy-numbers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Distributive Justice through Constitution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohtash">Rohtash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Academically, the concept of Justice in the literature is vast, and theories are voluminous and definitions are numerous but it is very difficult to define. Through the ages, justice has been evolving and developing reasoning that how individuals and communities do the right thing that is just and fair to all in that society. Justice is a relative and dynamic concept, not absolute one. It is different in different societies based on their morality and ethics. The idea of justice cannot arise from a single morality but interaction of competing moralities and contending perspectives. Justice is the conditional and circumstantial term. Therefore, justice takes different meanings in different contexts. Justice is the application of the Laws. It is a values-based concept in order to protect the rights and liberties of the people. It is a socially created concept that has no physical reality. It exists in society on the basis of the spirit of sharing by the communities and members of society. The conception of justice in society or among communities and individuals is based on their social coordination. It can be effective only when people’s judgments are based on collective reasoning. Their behavior is shaped by social values, norms and laws. People must accept, share and respect the set of principles for delivering justice. Thus justice can be a reasonable solution to conflicts and to coordinate behavior in society. The subject matter of distributive justice is the Public Good and societal resources that should be evenly distributed among the different sections of society on the principles developed and established by the State through legislation, public policy and Executive orders. The Socioeconomic transformation of the society is adopted by the constitution within the limit of its morality and gives a new dimension to transformative justice. Therefore, both Procedural and Transformative justice is part of Distributive justice. Distributive justice is purely an economic phenomenon. It concerns the allocation of resources among the communities and individuals. The subject matter of distributive justice is the distribution of rights, responsibilities, burdens and benefits in society on the basis of the capacity and capability of individuals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title="distributive justice">distributive justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitutionalism" title=" constitutionalism"> constitutionalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutionalism" title=" institutionalism"> institutionalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitutional%20morality" title=" constitutional morality"> constitutional morality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161639/distributive-justice-through-constitution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Performance, Need and Discriminatory Allegiance of Employees as Awarding Criteria of Distributive Justice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Gangloff">B. Gangloff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Mayoral"> L. Mayoral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Rezrazi"> A. Rezrazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Three types of salary distribution are usually proposed by the theorists of distributive justice: Equality, equity and need. Their influence has been studied, taking into consideration (in terms of equity) the performance of the employees and their degree of allegiance/rebellion in what regards discriminatory hierarchical orders, by taking into account the reasons of such allegiance/rebellion (allegiance out of conviction, legalism or opportunism/ethical rebellion). Conducted in Argentina, the study has confronted 480 students (240 male and 240 female) with a practical case in which they had to advise a manager of a real estate agency on the allocation of a bonus amongst his employees. The latter were characterized according to their respective performance, one of them being further defined as being (or not) in a financial need and as having complied (or not) with a discriminatory hierarchical order regarding foreigners. The results show that the distribution of the bonus only follows the rules of equity and need: The employees more efficient, allegiant or in need, are rewarded more than the others. It is also noteworthy that the allegiant employees are rewarded in the same way, regardless of the reason for their allegiance, and that the employee who refuses to adopt a discriminatory conduct is penalized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title="distributive justice">distributive justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equity" title=" equity"> equity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allegiance" title=" allegiance"> allegiance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title=" ethics"> ethics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41108/performance-need-and-discriminatory-allegiance-of-employees-as-awarding-criteria-of-distributive-justice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> The Relationship between the Feeling of Distributive Justice and National Identity of the Youth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20Batmany">Leila Batmany</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research studies the relationship between the feeling of distributive justice and national identity of the youth. The present analysis intends to experimentally investigate the various dimensions of the justice feeling and its effect on the national identity components. The study has taken justice into consideration from four different points of view on the basis of availability of valuable social sources such as power, wealth, knowledge and status in the political, economic, and cultural and status justice respectively. Furthermore, the national identity has been considered as the feeling of honour, attachment and commitment towards national society and its seven components i.e. history, language, culture, political system, religion, geographical territory and society. The 'field study' has been used as the method for the research with the individual as unit, taking 368 young between the age of 18 and 29 living in Tehran, chosen randomly according to Cochran formula. The individual samples have been randomly chosen among five districts in north, south, west, east, and centre of Tehran, based on the multistage cluster sampling. The data collection has been performed with the use of questionnaire and interview. The most important results are as follows: i) The feeling of economic justice is the weakest one among the youth. ii) The strongest and the weakest dimensions of the national identity are, respectively, the historical and the social dimension. iii) There is a positive and meaningful relationship between the feeling political and statues justice and then national identity, whereas no meaningful relationship exists between the economic and cultural justice and the national identity. iv) There is a positive and meaningful relationship between the feeling of justice in all dimensions and legitimacy of the political system. There is also such a relationship between the legitimacy of the political system and national identity. v) Generally, there is a positive and meaningful relationship between the feeling of distributive justice and national identity among the youth. vi) It is through the legitimacy of the political system that justice feeling can have an influence on the national identity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title="distributive justice">distributive justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20identity" title=" national identity"> national identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legitimacy%20of%20political%20system" title=" legitimacy of political system"> legitimacy of political system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cochran%20formula" title=" Cochran formula"> Cochran formula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multistage%20cluster%20sampling" title=" multistage cluster sampling"> multistage cluster sampling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110221/the-relationship-between-the-feeling-of-distributive-justice-and-national-identity-of-the-youth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110221.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Decision-making in the provision of Accessible Veterinary Care</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ellen%20Bryant">Ellen Bryant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virginia%20Behmer"> Virginia Behmer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebecca%20Garbed"> Rebecca Garbed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeanette%20O%E2%80%99Quin"> Jeanette O’Quin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dana%20Howard"> Dana Howard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As it currently stands, veterinary care in the United States is not accessible to everyone, and veterinarians regularly face cases of clients who are unable to provide necessary care to their animals regardless of the client’s desire to do so. There is currently limited research into how veterinarians address these issues of access to care. It is apparent that veterinarians regularly utilize funding or offer discounted services to treat cases that otherwise would go without care. With need currently exceeding the amount of funds and services available, veterinarians are tasked with deciding which cases are most deserving of assistance. This mixed methods study distributed a survey to companion animal veterinarians practicing in the United States to identify current trends in how these professionals apply principles of distributive justice in the scope of veterinary medicine. Ethical frameworks identified in human bioethics research into distributive justice were presented, along with demographic questions, to identify relationships between veterinarian priorities and the scope of their practice/respective roles/geographic region. By surveying veterinarians across a wide range of specialties, practice types, and clientele this study was able to assess how priorities and opinions shift based on external factors as well as among the respondents themselves. Participants were asked not only to choose how to distribute aid between different clients and case scenarios, but also asked directly which is the best way to distribute aid when need exceeds the resources available. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=access%20to%20veterinary%20care" title="access to veterinary care">access to veterinary care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioethics" title=" bioethics"> bioethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision-making" title=" decision-making"> decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title=" distributive justice"> distributive justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subsidized%20care" title=" subsidized care"> subsidized care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179195/decision-making-in-the-provision-of-accessible-veterinary-care" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Distributive School Leadership in Croatian Primary Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iva%20%20Buchberger">Iva Buchberger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vesna%20Kova%C4%8D"> Vesna Kovač</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global education policy trends and recommendations underline the importance of (distributive) school leadership as a school effectiveness key factor. In this context, the broader aim of this research (supported by the Croatian Science Foundation) is to identify school leadership characteristics in Croatian schools and to examine the correlation between school leadership and school effectiveness. The aim of the proposed conference paper is to focus on the school leadership characteristics which are additionally explained with school leadership facilitators that contribute to (distributive) school leadership development. The aforementioned school leadership characteristics include the following dimensions: (a) participation in the process of making different types of decisions, (b) influence in the decision making process, (c) social interactions between different stakeholders in the decision making process in schools. Further, the school leadership facilitators are categorized as follows: (a) principal’s activities (such as providing support to different stakeholders and developing mutual trust among them), (b) stakeholders’ characteristics (such as developed stakeholders’ interest and competence to participate in decision-making process), (c) organizational and material resources (such as school material conditions, the necessary information and time as resources for making decisions). The data were collected by a constructed and validated questionnaire for examining the school leadership characteristics and facilitators from teachers’ perspective. The main population in this study consists of all primary schools in Croatia while the sample is comprised of 100 primary schools, selected by random sampling. Furthermore, the sample of teachers was selected by an additional procedure taking into consideration the independent variables of sex, work experience, etc. Data processing was performed by standard statistical methods of descriptive and inferential statistics. Statistical program IBM SPSS 20.0 was used for data processing. The results of this study show that there is a (positive) correlation between school leadership characteristics and school leadership facilitators. Specifically, it is noteworthy to mention that all the dimensions of school leadership characteristics are in positive correlation with the categories of school leadership facilitators. These results are indicative for the education policy creators who should ensure positive and supportive environment for the school leadership development including the development of school leadership characteristics and school leadership facilitators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20school%20leadership" title="distributive school leadership">distributive school leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20effectiveness" title=" school effectiveness "> school effectiveness </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20leadership%20characteristics" title=" school leadership characteristics"> school leadership characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20leadership%20facilitators" title=" school leadership facilitators"> school leadership facilitators</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76949/distributive-school-leadership-in-croatian-primary-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">249</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Investigating the Role of Organizational Politics in Human Resource Management: Effects on Performance Appraisal and Downsizing Decisions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Elshaer">Ibrahim Elshaer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20Kamel"> Samar Kamel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organizational politics (OP) has received a great deal of attention in the management literature due to its popularity, mystery, and potential advantages for those how can use it. It involves the use of power and social networks within an organization to promote interests and gain potential benefits. Its implication for human resource (HR) management decisions is heretofore one of its least studied aspects, and awaits further investigation. Therefore, it is our intention to investigate certain relations between organizational politics and the validity of HR decisions in addition to the expected dysfunctional consequences. The study is undertaken on two HR management practices- Performance appraisal (measured by the distributive justice scale) and downsizing- depending on data gathered from the hotel industry in Egypt; a developing Non-Western country, in which Political practices of HR management are common in public and private organizations. Data was obtained from a survey of 600 employees in the Egyptian hotel industry. A total of 500 responses were attained. 100 uncompleted questionnaires were excluded leaving 400 usable with response rate of around 80%. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the causal relationship between the research variables. The analysis of the current study data reveals that organizational politics is negatively linked to the perception of distributive justice of performance appraisal, additionally, the perception of distributive justice in performance appraisal is positively linked to the perception of validity in the downsizing decisions and finally the perception of OP is negatively linked to the perception of downsizing decisions validity. This study makes three important contributions. First although there have been several studies on OP, the majority of these studies have focused on examining its effect on employees’ attitudes in workplace. This empirical study helps in identifying the influence of OP on the effectiveness and success of HR decisions and accordingly the organizational system. Second, it draws attention to OP as an important phenomenon that influence HR management in hospitality industry, since empirical evidences concerning OP in the hospitality management literature are meager. Third, this study contributes to the existing downsizing literature by examining OP and low distributive justice as challenges of the effectiveness of the downsizing process. Finally, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no empirical study in the tourism and hospitality management literature has examined the effect of OP and distributive justice on the workplace using data gathered from the hotel industry in Egypt; a developing non-Western setting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20politics" title="organizational politics">organizational politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20appraisal" title=" performance appraisal"> performance appraisal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=downsizing" title=" downsizing"> downsizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equation%20modeling" title=" structural equation modeling"> structural equation modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hotel%20industry" title=" hotel industry"> hotel industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27435/investigating-the-role-of-organizational-politics-in-human-resource-management-effects-on-performance-appraisal-and-downsizing-decisions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27435.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Personal Income and the Social Confidence in Contemporary China: The Indirect Role of the Sense of Social Equity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenfen%20Bi">Wenfen Bi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeng%20Lin"> Zeng Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a developing country, China is badly in need of capital and talents to develop the socialist country with Chinese characteristics. However, a large proportion of high income people with know-how technique, wealth and management experience have immigrated or plan to immigrate to other countries. Of course, this phenomenon has attracted the attention from both the government and researchers. One explanation might be that these high-income people lack confidence in China’s social development. Based on the data on W city’s comprehensive social situation surveyed by center for the social survey research of Wuhan university (CSSR) in 2014, this paper employed the structural equation model (SEM) to evaluate whether personal income affects social confidence, via the mediating effect of the sense of social equity (sense of right equity and sense of distributive equity). Bootstrap mediation analysis revealed that after controlling Demographic variables, personal income had a significant negative influence on sense of right equity and in turn, sense of rights equity can significantly positively predict social confidence. While personal income had no significant effect on sense of distributive equity, and sense of distributive equity did not significantly affect macro social confidence. Also, the direct effects of personal income on social confidence became not significant. These findings revealed the inner mechanism of the relationship between the personal income and social confidence in contemporary China, which was caused by mediating effect of sense of rights equity. That is, the higher the personal income, the lower the sense of rights equity, the lower the social confidence. Thus, the boost of the social confidence, especially for the rich, does not only depend on the equitable distribution of material wealth, but also on the right equity and making people feel rights equally in common life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20income" title="personal income">personal income</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sense%20of%20right%20equity" title=" sense of right equity"> sense of right equity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sense%20of%20social%20equity" title=" sense of social equity"> sense of social equity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20confidence" title=" social confidence"> social confidence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63097/personal-income-and-the-social-confidence-in-contemporary-china-the-indirect-role-of-the-sense-of-social-equity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63097.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> The Economics of Justice as Fairness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20Abatemarco">Antonio Abatemarco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francesca%20Stroffolini"> Francesca Stroffolini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the economic literature, Rawls’ Theory of Justice is usually interpreted in a two-stage setting, where a priority to the worst off individual is imposed as a distributive value judgment. In this paper, instead, we model Rawls’ Theory in a three-stage setting, that is, a separating line is drawn between the original position, the educational stage, and the working life. Hence, in this paper, we challenge the common interpretation of Rawls’ Theory of Justice as Fairness by showing that this Theory goes well beyond the definition of a distributive value judgment, in such a way as to embrace efficiency issues as well. In our model, inequalities are shown to be permitted as far as they stimulate a greater effort in education in the population, and so economic growth. To our knowledge, this is the only possibility for the inequality to be ‘bought’ by both the most-, and above all, the least-advantaged individual as suggested by the Difference Principle. Finally, by recalling the old tradition of ‘universal ex-post efficiency’, we show that a unique optimal social contract does not exist behind the veil of ignorance; more precisely, the sole set of potentially Rawls-optimal social contracts can be identified a priori, and partial justice orderings derived accordingly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=justice" title="justice">justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rawls" title=" Rawls"> Rawls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inequality" title=" inequality"> inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20contract" title=" social contract"> social contract</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95580/the-economics-of-justice-as-fairness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Quantifying Parallelism of Vectors Is the Quantification of Distributed N-Party Entanglement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shreya%20Banerjee">Shreya Banerjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasanta%20K.%20Panigrahi"> Prasanta K. Panigrahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The three-way distributive entanglement is shown to be related to the parallelism of vectors. Using a measurement-based approach a set of 2−dimensional vectors is formed, representing the post-measurement states of one of the parties. These vectors originate at the same point and have an angular distance between them. The area spanned by a pair of such vectors is a measure of the entanglement of formation. This leads to a geometrical manifestation of the 3−tangle in 2−dimensions, from inequality in the area which generalizes for n− qubits to reveal that the n− tangle also has a planar structure. Quantifying the genuine n−party entanglement in every 1|(n − 1) bi-partition it is shown that the genuine n−way entanglement does not manifest in n− tangle. A new quantity geometrically similar to 3−tangle is then introduced that represents the genuine n− way entanglement. Extending the formalism to 3− qutrits, the nonlocality without entanglement can be seen to arise from a condition under which the post-measurement state vectors of a separable state show parallelism. A connection to nontrivial sum uncertainty relation analogous to Maccone and Pati uncertainty relation is then presented using decomposition of post-measurement state vectors along parallel and perpendicular direction of the pre-measurement state vectors. This study opens a novel way to understand multiparty entanglement in qubit and qudit systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geometry%20of%20quantum%20entanglement" title="Geometry of quantum entanglement">Geometry of quantum entanglement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Multipartite%20and%20distributive%20entanglement" title=" Multipartite and distributive entanglement"> Multipartite and distributive entanglement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parallelism%20of%20vectors" title=" Parallelism of vectors "> Parallelism of vectors </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tangle" title=" Tangle"> Tangle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121889/quantifying-parallelism-of-vectors-is-the-quantification-of-distributed-n-party-entanglement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> The Organizational Justice-Citizenship Behavior Link in Hotels: Does Customer Orientation Matter?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pablo%20Zoghbi-Manrique-de-Lara">Pablo Zoghbi-Manrique-de-Lara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miguel%20A.%20Su%C3%A1rez-Acosta"> Miguel A. Suárez-Acosta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of the present paper is to model two classic lines of research in which employees starred, organizational justice and citizenship behaviour (OCB), but that have never been studied together when targeting customers. The suggestion is made that a hotel’s fair treatment (in terms of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice) toward customers will be appreciated by the employees, who will reciprocate in kind by favouring the hotel with increased customer-oriented behaviours (COBs). Data were collected from 204 employees at eight upscale hotels in the Canary Islands (Spain). Unlike in the case of perceptions of distributive justice, results of structural equation modelling demonstrate that employees substantively react to interactional and procedural justice toward guests by engaging in customer-oriented behaviours (COBs). The findings offer new reasons why employees decide to engage in COBs, and they highlight potentially beneficial effects of fair treatment toward guests bring to hospitality through promoting COBs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hotel%20guests%E2%80%99%20%28mis%29%20treatment" title="hotel guests’ (mis) treatment">hotel guests’ (mis) treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customer-oriented%20behaviours" title=" customer-oriented behaviours"> customer-oriented behaviours</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20citizenship" title=" employee citizenship"> employee citizenship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20justice" title=" organizational justice"> organizational justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third-party%20observers" title=" third-party observers"> third-party observers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third-party%20intervention" title=" third-party intervention"> third-party intervention</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4384/the-organizational-justice-citizenship-behavior-link-in-hotels-does-customer-orientation-matter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Transformational Justice for Employees' Job Satisfaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Barau%20Singhry">Hassan Barau Singhry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: Leadership or the absence of it is an important behaviour affecting employees’ job satisfaction. Although, there are many models of leadership, one that stands out in a period of change is the transformational behaviour. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of an organizational justice on the relationship between transformational leadership and employee job satisfaction. The study is based on the assumption that change begins with leaders and leaders should be fair and just. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey through structured questionnaire was employed to collect the data of this study. The population is selected the three tiers of government such as the local, state, and federal governments in Nigeria. The sampling method used in this research is stratified random sampling. 418 middle managers of public organizations respondents to the questionnaire. Multiple regression aided by structural equation modeling was employed to test 4 hypothesized relationships. Finding: The regression results support for the mediating role of organizational justice such as distributive, procedural, interpersonal and informational justice in the link between transformational leadership and job satisfaction. Originality/value: This study adds to the literature of human resource management by empirically validating and integrating transformational leadership behaviour with the four dimensions of organizational justice theory. The study is expected to be beneficial to the top and middle-level administrators as well as theory building and testing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title="distributive justice">distributive justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20justice" title=" organizational justice"> organizational justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procedural%20justice" title=" procedural justice"> procedural justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformational%20leadership" title=" transformational leadership"> transformational leadership</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83635/transformational-justice-for-employees-job-satisfaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83635.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Tactile Sensory Digit Feedback for Cochlear Implant Electrode Insertion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Bulale">Yusuf Bulale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Prince"> Mark Prince</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geoff%20Tansley"> Geoff Tansley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Brett"> Peter Brett</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cochlear Implantation (CI) which became a routine procedure for the last decades is an electronic device that provides a sense of sound for patients who are severely and profoundly deaf. Today, cochlear implantation technology uses electrode array (EA) implanted manually into the cochlea. The optimal success of this implantation depends on the electrode technology and deep insertion techniques. However, this manual insertion procedure may cause mechanical trauma which can lead to a severe destruction of the delicate intracochlear structure. Accordingly, future improvement of the cochlear electrode implant insertion needs reduction of the excessive force application during the cochlear implantation which causes tissue damage and trauma. This study is examined tool-tissue interaction of large prototype scale digit embedded with distributive tactile sensor based upon cochlear electrode and large prototype scale cochlea phantom for simulating the human cochlear which could lead to small-scale digit requirements. The digit, distributive tactile sensors embedded with silicon-substrate was inserted into the cochlea phantom to measure any digit/phantom interaction and position of the digit in order to minimize tissue and trauma damage during the electrode cochlear insertion. The digit has provided tactile information from the digit-phantom insertion interaction such as contact status, tip penetration, obstacles, relative shape and location, contact orientation and multiple contacts. The tests demonstrated that even devices of such a relative simple design with low cost have a potential to improve cochlear implant surgery and other lumen mapping applications by providing tactile sensory feedback information and thus controlling the insertion through sensing and control of the tip of the implant during the insertion. In that approach, the surgeon could minimize the tissue damage and potential damage to the delicate structures within the cochlear caused by current manual electrode insertion of the cochlear implantation. This approach also can be applied to other minimally invasive surgery applications as well as diagnosis and path navigation procedures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cochlear%20electrode%20insertion" title="cochlear electrode insertion">cochlear electrode insertion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20tactile%20sensory%20feedback%20information" title=" distributive tactile sensory feedback information"> distributive tactile sensory feedback information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20digit" title=" flexible digit"> flexible digit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimally%20invasive%20surgery" title=" minimally invasive surgery"> minimally invasive surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool%2Ftissue%20interaction" title=" tool/tissue interaction"> tool/tissue interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36707/tactile-sensory-digit-feedback-for-cochlear-implant-electrode-insertion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36707.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> An Examination of the Relationship between Organizational Justice and Trust in the Supervisor: The Mediating Role of Perceived Supervisor Support</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michel%20Zaitouni">Michel Zaitouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Nassar"> Mohamed Nassar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is first, to explore the effect of employees’ perception of justice on trust in the supervisor in the context of performance appraisal; Second, to assess the role of perceived supervisor support as a mediator between organizational justice and trust in the supervisor in a non-western society such as Kuwait.The survey data consisted of 415 employees working at different hierarchical levels in three major banks in Kuwait. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the research hypotheses. Results supported hypothesized relationships between distributive, informational and interpersonal justice and trust in the supervisor but failed to support that procedural justice positively and significantly relate to trust in the supervisor. Moreover, results found that this relationship is partially mediated by perceived supervisor support. A potential limitation of this study is that data were obtained from the same industry which limits the generalizability of this study to other industries. Moreover, a longitudinal research will be helpful to strengthen the mediating relationship. The findings provide valuable information for the development of common perspectives regarding the perception of justice in the context of performance appraisal between the western and non-western societies. The paper has the privilege to explore additional relationships related to justice perceptions in the Kuwaiti banking sector, whereas previous research focused mainly on procedural and distributive justice as predictors of trust in the supervisor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20justice" title=" organizational justice"> organizational justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceived%20supervisor%20support" title=" perceived supervisor support"> perceived supervisor support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust%20in%20the%20supervisor" title=" trust in the supervisor"> trust in the supervisor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18129/an-examination-of-the-relationship-between-organizational-justice-and-trust-in-the-supervisor-the-mediating-role-of-perceived-supervisor-support" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18129.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Determinants of Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Structural Vector Auto Regression Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ajmair">Muhammad Ajmair</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This empirical study followed structural vector auto regression (SVAR) approach proposed by the so-called AB-model of Amisano and Giannini (1997) to check the impact of relevant macroeconomic determinants on economic growth in Pakistan. Before that auto regressive distributive lag (ARDL) bound testing technique and time varying parametric approach along with general to specific approach was employed to find out relevant significant determinants of economic growth. To our best knowledge, no author made such a study that employed auto regressive distributive lag (ARDL) bound testing and time varying parametric approach with general to specific approach in empirical literature, but current study will bridge this gap. Annual data was taken from World Development Indicators (2014) during period 1976-2014. The widely-used Schwarz information criterion and Akaike information criterion were considered for the lag length in each estimated equation. Main findings of the study are that remittances received, gross national expenditures and inflation are found to be the best relevant positive and significant determinants of economic growth. Based on these empirical findings, we conclude that government should focus on overall economic growth augmenting factors while formulating any policy relevant to the concerned sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title="economic growth">economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gross%20national%20expenditures" title=" gross national expenditures"> gross national expenditures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflation" title=" inflation"> inflation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remittances" title=" remittances"> remittances</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79706/determinants-of-economic-growth-in-pakistan-a-structural-vector-auto-regression-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> A Scenario-Based Experiment Comparing Managerial and Front-Line Employee Apologies in Terms of Customers' Perceived Justice, Satisfaction, and Commitment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ioana%20Dallinger">Ioana Dallinger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vincent%20P.%20Magnini"> Vincent P. Magnini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the many moving parts and high human component, mistakes and failures sometimes occur during transactions in service environments. Because a certain portion of such failures is unavoidable, many service providers constantly look for guidance regarding optimal ways by which they should manage failures and recoveries. Through the use of a scenario-based experiment, the findings of this study run counter to the empowerment approach (i.e. that frontline employees should be empowered to resolve failure situations on their own doing). Specifically, this study finds that customers’ perceptions of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice are significantly higher [p-values < .05] when a manager delivers an apology as opposed to the frontline provider. Moreover, customers’ satisfaction with the recovery and commitment to the firm are also significantly stronger [p-values < .05] when a manager apologizes. Interestingly, this study also empirically tests the effects of combined apologies of both the manager and employee and finds that the combined approach yields better results for customers’ interactional justice perceptions and for their satisfaction with recovery, but not for their distributive or procedural justice perceptions or consequent commitment to the firm. This study can serve a springboard for further research. For example, perceptions and attitudes regarding employee empowerment vary based upon country culture. Furthermore, there are likely a number of factors that can moderate the cause and effect relationship between a failure recovery and customers’ post-recovery perceptions [e.g. the severity of the failure]. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apology" title="apology">apology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empowerment" title=" empowerment"> empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20failure%20recovery" title=" service failure recovery"> service failure recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20recovery" title=" service recovery"> service recovery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65384/a-scenario-based-experiment-comparing-managerial-and-front-line-employee-apologies-in-terms-of-customers-perceived-justice-satisfaction-and-commitment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Fuzzy Implicative Pseudo-Ideals of Pesudo-BCK Algebras</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Gilani">Alireza Gilani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider the fuzzification of implicative pseudo-ideal in a pseudo-BCK algebra, and then we investigate some of their properties. We prove that the family of fuzzy implicative pseudo-ideal is completely distributive lattice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCK-algebra" title="BCK-algebra">BCK-algebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudo-BCK%20algebra" title=" pseudo-BCK algebra"> pseudo-BCK algebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudo-ideal" title=" pseudo-ideal"> pseudo-ideal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implicative%20pseudo-ideal" title=" implicative pseudo-ideal"> implicative pseudo-ideal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43353/fuzzy-implicative-pseudo-ideals-of-pesudo-bck-algebras" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43353.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> A Review of the Fundamental Aspects and Dimensions of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) as Important Components in the Promotion of Social Justice in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Odoh%20Ben%20Uruchi">Odoh Ben Uruchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Access to Justice implies access to social and distributive Justice. Access to social justice in Nigeria remains an illusion where cases last in courts for unduly long period of time, as is currently the situation in the country. As the popular saying goes– justice delayed is justice denied. It is, however, important to underscore the point that these perspectives are not necessarily disconnected since the extent to which one can have distributive justice in any system is largely determined by the level and effectiveness of social justice in the country. Generally, Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Processes are increasingly being accepted in Nigeria as appropriate mechanisms for resolving disputes. While some jurisdictions have institutionalized ADR through the concept of a Multidoor Courthouse, many other are at different stages of doing same. With these developments, it is obvious that stakeholders in the administration of justice in Nigeria, can no longer be indifferent about understanding and fully mainstreaming ADR into their various activities and professional practice. Any framework for promoting social justice in Nigeria should therefore of necessity include provision of avenues for use of ADR in the protection and enforcement of citizen’s rights. The constitutional and other legal provisions that guarantee various rights of citizens cannot of itself ensure the enjoyment of the rights in the absence of an effective framework for dispute resolution. Excessive reliance on litigation and other adversarial approaches will also fail to ensure a sound regime of social justice. There should be structured mainstreaming of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms in justice delivery if the society must provide and guarantee social justice to the citizens. This paper seeks to address some of the fundamental issues affecting the perception, knowledge and skills of ADR in the provision of social justice. In doing this, the paper proposes to unlock the full enormous potentials of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in promoting access to justice in Nigeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspects" title="aspects">aspects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensions" title=" dimensions"> dimensions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20dispute%20resolution" title=" alternative dispute resolution"> alternative dispute resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20justice" title=" social justice"> social justice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28583/a-review-of-the-fundamental-aspects-and-dimensions-of-alternative-dispute-resolution-adr-as-important-components-in-the-promotion-of-social-justice-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28583.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Impact of Contemporary Performance Measurement System and Organization Justice on Academic Staff Work Performance </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amizawati%20Mohd%20Amir">Amizawati Mohd Amir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruhanita%20Maelah"> Ruhanita Maelah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaidi%20Mohd%20Noor"> Zaidi Mohd Noor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As part of the Malaysia Higher Institutions' Strategic Plan in promoting high-quality research and education, the Ministry of Higher Education has introduced various instrument to assess the universities performance. The aims are that university will produce more commercially-oriented research and continue to contribute in producing professional workforce for domestic and foreign needs. Yet the spirit of the success lies in the commitment of university particularly the academic staff to translate the vision into reality. For that reason, the element of fairness and justice in assessing individual academic staff performance is crucial to promote directly linked between university and individual work goals. Focusing on public research universities (RUs) in Malaysia, this study observes at the issue through the practice of university contemporary performance measurement system. Accordingly management control theory has conceptualized that contemporary performance measurement consisting of three dimension namely strategic, comprehensive and dynamic building upon equity theory, the relationships between contemporary performance measurement system and organizational justice and in turn the effect on academic staff work performance are tested based on online survey data administered on 365 academic staff from public RUs, which were analyzed using statistics analysis SPSS and Equation Structure Modeling. The findings validated the presence of strategic, comprehensive and dynamic in the contemporary performance measurement system. The empirical evidence also indicated that contemporary performance measure and procedural justice are significantly associated with work performance but not for distributive justice. Furthermore, procedural justice does mediate the relationship between contemporary performance measurement and academic staff work performance. Evidently, this study provides evidence on the importance of perceptions of justice towards influencing academic staff work performance. This finding may be a fruitful input in the setting up academic staff performance assessment policy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive" title="comprehensive">comprehensive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic" title=" dynamic"> dynamic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title=" distributive justice"> distributive justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contemporary%20performance%20measurement%20system" title=" contemporary performance measurement system"> contemporary performance measurement system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic" title=" strategic"> strategic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procedure%20justice" title=" procedure justice"> procedure justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20performance" title=" work performance"> work performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78800/impact-of-contemporary-performance-measurement-system-and-organization-justice-on-academic-staff-work-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Teaching Contemporary Power Distribution and Industrial Networks in Higher Education Vocational Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rade%20M.%20Ciric">Rade M. Ciric </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper shows the development and implementation of the syllabus of the subject 'Distribution and Industrial Networks', attended by the vocational specialist Year 4 students of the Electric Power Engineering study programme at the Higher Education Technical School of Vocational Studies in Novi Sad. The aim of the subject is to equip students with the knowledge necessary for planning, exploitation and management of distributive and industrial electric power networks in an open electricity market environment. The results of the evaluation of educational outcomes on the subject are presented and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20education" title="engineering education">engineering education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20distribution%20network" title=" power distribution network"> power distribution network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syllabus%20implementation" title=" syllabus implementation"> syllabus implementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outcome%20evaluation" title=" outcome evaluation"> outcome evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81353/teaching-contemporary-power-distribution-and-industrial-networks-in-higher-education-vocational-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81353.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> The Nexus between Renewable Energy, Urbanization, Industrialization and Economic Growth in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubda%20Zia">Zubda Zia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainab%20Masood"> Zainab Masood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study has investigated the relationship between renewable energy, urbanization, industrialization, and economic growth in Pakistan, through the years 1990-2016. All the three explanatory variables play a pivotal role in their contribution to growth in any economy, especially a developing one such as Pakistan. Auto-regressive distributive lag (ARDL) model has been used to determine the co-integration and relationship between the variables. The empirical results indicate that there exists a positive and significant relationship between all the three variables and economic growth and that there is a stable, long-run relationship among them. Policy suggestions that incorporate the results include having a larger share of renewable energy in the energy sector, using urbanization as a means to remove the big city trend and move towards, smaller sustainable cities, etc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title="economic growth">economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20crisis" title=" energy crisis"> energy crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrialization" title=" industrialization"> industrialization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SGDs" title=" SGDs"> SGDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization"> urbanization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101667/the-nexus-between-renewable-energy-urbanization-industrialization-and-economic-growth-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Fairness in Grading of Work-Integrated Learning Assessment: Key Stakeholders’ Challenges and Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geraldine%20O%E2%80%99Neill">Geraldine O’Neill</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Work-integrated learning is a valuable learning experience for students in higher education. However, the fairness of the assessment process has been identified as a challenge. This study explored solutions to this challenge through interviews with expert authors in the field and workshops across nine different disciplines in Ireland. In keeping with the use of a participatory and action research methodology, the key stakeholders in the process, the students, educators, and practitioners, identified some solutions. The solutions included the need to: clarify the assessments’ expectations; enhance the flexibility of the competencies, reduce the number of competencies; use grading scales with lower specificity; support practitioner training, and empower students in the assessment process. The results are discussed as they relate to interactional, procedural, and distributive fairness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competencies" title="competencies">competencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fairness" title=" fairness"> fairness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grading%20scales" title=" grading scales"> grading scales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work-integrated%20learning" title=" work-integrated learning"> work-integrated learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153924/fairness-in-grading-of-work-integrated-learning-assessment-key-stakeholders-challenges-and-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Design and Implementation of a Cross-Network Security Management System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhiyong%20Shan">Zhiyong Shan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preethi%20Santhanam"> Preethi Santhanam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinod%20Namboodiri"> Vinod Namboodiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajiv%20Bagai"> Rajiv Bagai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the emerging network worms and attacks have distributive characteristics, which can spread globally in a very short time. Security management crossing networks to co-defense network-wide attacks and improve the efficiency of security administration is urgently needed. We propose a hierarchical distributed network security management system (HD-NSMS), which can integrate security management across multiple networks. First, we describe the system in macrostructure and microstructure; then discuss three key problems when building HD-NSMS: device model, alert mechanism, and emergency response mechanism; lastly, we describe the implementation of HD-NSMS. The paper is valuable for implementing NSMS in that it derives from a practical network security management system (NSMS). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20security%20management" title="network security management">network security management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=device%20organization" title=" device organization"> device organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20response" title=" emergency response"> emergency response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-network" title=" cross-network"> cross-network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136743/design-and-implementation-of-a-cross-network-security-management-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Development Planning in the System of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Light of Development Laws: From Rationally Planning to Wisely Decision Making</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Sadeghi">Mohammad Sadeghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdieh%20Saniee"> Mahdieh Saniee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, development laws have become a major branch of engineering science, laws help humankind achieve his/her basic needs, and it is attracted to the attention of the nations. Therefore, lawyers have been invited to contemplate legislator's approaches respecting legislating countries' economic, social and cultural development plans and to observe the reliance of approaches on two elements of distributive justice and transitional justice in light of legal rationality. Legal rationality in development planning has encountered us with this question that whether a rational approach and existing models in the Iran development planning system approximate us to the goal of development laws respecting the rationalist approach and also regarding wisely decision-making model. The present study will investigate processes, approaches, and damages of development planning in the legislation of country development plans to answer this question. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rationality" title="rationality">rationality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision-making%20process" title=" decision-making process"> decision-making process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policymaking" title=" policymaking"> policymaking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151949/development-planning-in-the-system-of-the-islamic-republic-of-iran-in-the-light-of-development-laws-from-rationally-planning-to-wisely-decision-making" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Exploring the Relationship between the Concepts of Organization Culture and Organizational Justice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orhan%20Sezgin">Orhan Sezgin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Kursad%20Ordu"> Mehmet Kursad Ordu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In today’s business world, among a number of forces, employees are seen as the most important components in order to survive and achieve organizational goals successfully. Improving the performance and effectiveness of the employees that also are called the “human capital” is one of the most important responsibilities of today’s managers. Managers are expected to provide a workplace to improve the employee’s performance and commitment. Improving the performance and effectiveness of the employees is one of the most significant responsibilities of managers. They are expected to provide a workplace to improve employee’s performance and commitment. This study has concentrated on the exploring of the associations among the basic concepts of organizational behavior science including organizational culture, organizational justice behavior. These concepts play significant roles both on the improvement of employees and the organizations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organization%20culture" title="organization culture">organization culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20justice" title=" organizational justice"> organizational justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procedural%20justice" title=" procedural justice"> procedural justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20justice" title=" distributive justice"> distributive justice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47150/exploring-the-relationship-between-the-concepts-of-organization-culture-and-organizational-justice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47150.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Introducing Quantum-Weijsberg Algebras by Redefining Quantum-MV Algebras: Characterization, Properties, and Other Important Results</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lavinia%20Ciungu">Lavinia Ciungu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last decades, developing algebras related to the logical foundations of quantum mechanics became a central topic of research. Generally known as quantum structures, these algebras serve as models for the formalism of quantum mechanics. In this work, we introduce the notion of quantum-Wajsberg algebras by redefining the quantum-MV algebras starting from involutive BE algebras. We give a characterization of quantum-Wajsberg algebras, investigate their properties, and show that, in general, quantum-Wajsberg algebras are not (commutative) quantum-B algebras. We also define the ∨-commutative quantum-Wajsberg algebras and study their properties. Furthermore, we prove that any Wajsberg algebra (bounded ∨-commutative BCK algebra) is a quantum-Wajsberg algebra, and we give a condition for a quantum-Wajsberg algebra to be a Wajsberg algebra. We prove that Wajsberg algebras are both quantum-Wajsberg algebras and commutative quantum-B algebras. We establish the connection between quantum-Wajsberg algebras and quantum-MV algebras, proving that the quantum-Wajsberg algebras are term equivalent to quantum-MV algebras. We show that, in general, the quantum-Wajsberg algebras are not commutative quantum-B algebras and if a quantum-Wajsberg algebra is self-distributive, then the corresponding quantum-MV algebra is an MV algebra. Our study could be a starting point for the development of other implicative counterparts of certain existing algebraic quantum structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum-Wajsberg%20algebra" title="quantum-Wajsberg algebra">quantum-Wajsberg algebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum-MV%20algebra" title=" quantum-MV algebra"> quantum-MV algebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MV%20algebra" title=" MV algebra"> MV algebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wajsberg%20algebra" title=" Wajsberg algebra"> Wajsberg algebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BE%20algebra" title=" BE algebra"> BE algebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum-B%20algebra" title=" quantum-B algebra"> quantum-B algebra</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192449/introducing-quantum-weijsberg-algebras-by-redefining-quantum-mv-algebras-characterization-properties-and-other-important-results" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192449.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">15</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20job&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributive%20job&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" 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