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href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B5una-Venemaa" title="Lõuna-Venemaa – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lõuna-Venemaa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%94" title="דרום רוסיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דרום רוסיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2" title="南ロシア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="南ロシア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Russland" title="Sør-Russland – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sør-Russland" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Russia" title="Southern Russia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Southern Russia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" title="รัสเซียตอนใต้ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัสเซียตอนใต้" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Southern_Russia&params=45.4000_N_43.0000_E_source:wikidata"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°24′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">43°00′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.4000°N 43.0000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.4000; 43.0000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Geographic region of Russia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the general area. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/South_Russia_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="South Russia (disambiguation)">South Russia (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is missing information</b> about the climate of the region.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Southern_Russia" title="Talk:Southern Russia">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2019</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Southern_Russia_(region).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Map_of_Southern_Russia_%28region%29.svg/300px-Map_of_Southern_Russia_%28region%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Map_of_Southern_Russia_%28region%29.svg/450px-Map_of_Southern_Russia_%28region%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Map_of_Southern_Russia_%28region%29.svg/600px-Map_of_Southern_Russia_%28region%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1092" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption>General map of Russia without occupied Ukrainian territories, showing Southern Russia in color (the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Federal_District" title="Southern Federal District">Southern Federal District</a> in blue and the <a href="/wiki/North_Caucasian_Federal_District" title="North Caucasian Federal District">North Caucasian Federal District</a> in red).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Southern Russia</b> or <b>the South of Russia</b> (Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Юг России</span></span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[juk<span class="wrap"> </span>rɐˈsʲiɪ]</a></span>) is a <a href="/wiki/Colloquialism" title="Colloquialism">colloquial</a> term for the southernmost geographic portion of <a href="/wiki/European_Russia" title="European Russia">European Russia</a>. The term is generally used to refer to the region of Russia's <a href="/wiki/Southern_Federal_District" title="Southern Federal District">Southern Federal District</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Caucasian_Federal_District" title="North Caucasian Federal District">North Caucasian Federal District</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term is informal and does not conform to any official areas of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russian Federation</a> as designated by the <a href="/wiki/OKATO" title="OKATO">Russian Classification on Objects of Administrative Division</a> (OKATO). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Russia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2.jpg/220px-%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2.jpg/330px-%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2.jpg/440px-%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3357" data-file-height="1829" /></a><figcaption>Distribution of <a href="/wiki/Cossacks" title="Cossacks">Cossacks</a> in Russia</figcaption></figure> <p>The Caucasus has been inhabited for millennia. Eastern Slavic tribes, like the <a href="/wiki/Antes_(people)" class="mw-redirect" title="Antes (people)">Antes</a>, inhabited Southern Russia at least from the 3rd century.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Southern Russia played an important role in the influence of <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine culture</a> on Russia. <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Persian culture</a> has also left its traces in Southern Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the beginning of the second millennium, between Volga and Don, Turkic tribes established in the South of Russia Tatar states. According to historical sources, the Russian lands in Southern Russia adopted the Islamic faith after contact with the Mongols.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a> (1917–1922), a territory called <a href="/wiki/South_Russia_(1919%E2%80%931920)" title="South Russia (1919–1920)">South Russia</a> briefly existed from 1919 to 1920, which spanned the southern parts of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, including portions of Ukraine. In <a href="/wiki/Soviet_historiography" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet historiography">Soviet historiography</a>, it also was referred to as "White South" in reference to the <a href="/wiki/White_movement#White_Army" title="White movement">White Army</a> that fought the <a href="/wiki/Bolsheviks" title="Bolsheviks">Bolsheviks</a> there along with the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_South_Russia" title="Armed Forces of South Russia">Armed Forces of South Russia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Volunteer_Army" title="Volunteer Army">Volunteer Army</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_area">General area</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Russia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: General area"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the Soviet Union</a> in 1991, the area of Southern Russia spans two of the nine <a href="/wiki/Federal_districts_of_Russia" title="Federal districts of Russia">federal districts of Russia</a> containing 19 <a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">federal constituent entities</a>, six of which are disputed with Ukraine: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Federal_District" title="Southern Federal District">Southern Federal District</a>: <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Adygea.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Adygea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Adygea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Adygea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Adygea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Adygea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Adygea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Adygea" title="Adygea">Republic of Adygea</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg/46px-Flag_of_Astrakhan_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="774" data-file-height="527" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Oblast" title="Astrakhan Oblast">Astrakhan Oblast</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Crimea.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Crimea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Crimea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Crimea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Crimea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Crimea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Crimea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Republic of Crimea</a><sup id="cite_ref-crimea_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crimea-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Kalmykia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Kalmykia">Republic of Kalmykia</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg/46px-Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Krasnodar_Krai" title="Krasnodar Krai">Krasnodar Krai</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg/46px-Flag_of_Rostov_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Rostov_Oblast" title="Rostov Oblast">Rostov Oblast</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sevastopol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal city</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a><sup id="cite_ref-crimea_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crimea-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg/46px-Flag_of_Volgograd_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Volgograd_Oblast" title="Volgograd Oblast">Volgograd Oblast</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <ul><li>Divisions <a href="/wiki/Russian_annexation_of_Donetsk,_Kherson,_Luhansk_and_Zaporizhzhia_oblasts" title="Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts">occupied and claimed by Russia in 2022</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-donetsk_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-donetsk-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic.svg/46px-Flag_of_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk People's Republic</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kherson_Oblast_(Russia).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Kherson_Oblast_%28Russia%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kherson_Oblast_%28Russia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Kherson_Oblast_%28Russia%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kherson_Oblast_%28Russia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flag_of_Kherson_Oblast_%28Russia%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kherson_Oblast_%28Russia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Kherson_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast">Kherson Region</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk People's Republic</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Russian_administered_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_the_Russian_administered_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_administered_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_the_Russian_administered_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_administered_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_the_Russian_administered_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_administered_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Zaporozhye Oblast</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasian_Federal_District" title="North Caucasian Federal District">North Caucasian Federal District</a>: <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Dagestan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan">Republic of Dagestan</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ingushetia" title="Ingushetia">Republic of Ingushetia</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkaria" title="Kabardino-Balkaria">Kabardino-Balkar Republic</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Karachay%E2%80%93Cherkessia" class="mw-redirect" title="Karachay–Cherkessia">Karachay-Cherkess Republic</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia-Alania" class="mw-redirect" title="North Ossetia-Alania">Republic of North Ossetia-Alania</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg/46px-Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Stavropol_Krai" title="Stavropol Krai">Stavropol Krai</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechen Republic</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <p>In relation to the official <a href="/wiki/Economic_regions_of_Russia" title="Economic regions of Russia">economic regions of Russia</a>, most of Southern Russia is included in the <a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="North Caucasus economic region">North Caucasus economic region</a>, with the exception of the Astrakhan Oblast, the Republic of Kalmykia and the Volgograd Oblast, which are part of the <a href="/wiki/Volga_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Volga economic region">Volga economic region</a>. References to "Southern Russia" can be found in media or news portals devoted to the area. Newspapers and websites like <i><a href="/wiki/Rossiyskaya_Gazeta" title="Rossiyskaya Gazeta">Rossiyskaya Gazeta</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Vedomosti" title="Vedomosti">Vedomosti</a></i> have sections or <a href="/wiki/Tag_(metadata)" title="Tag (metadata)">tags</a> for the area.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Russia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Russian_dialects" title="Southern Russian dialects">Southern Russian dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Russian_dialects" title="Northern Russian dialects">Northern Russian dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_districts_of_Russia" title="Federal districts of Russia">Federal districts of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Subdivisions of Russia">Subdivisions of Russia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Russia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-crimea-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-crimea_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-crimea_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Annexed by Russia in 2014; recognized internationally as a part of <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-donetsk-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-donetsk_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Recognized internationally as a part of <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFYevgeny_Popov2012" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yevgeny Popov (9 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vesti7.ru/news?id=38903">"Кто подрывает юг России"</a> [Who Controls Southern Russia?]. <i><a href="/wiki/Russia-1" title="Russia-1">Russia-1</a></i> (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Russia-1&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D1%82%D0%BE+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82+%D1%8E%D0%B3+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.date=2012-12-09&rft.au=Yevgeny+Popov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvesti7.ru%2Fnews%3Fid%3D38903&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Russia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton1983" class="citation book cs1">Hamilton, George Heard (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/artarchitectureo0000geor/page/16"><i>The Art and Architecture of Russia</i></a>. New York, N.Y. : Penguin. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/artarchitectureo0000geor/page/16">16</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0140561064" title="Special:BookSources/0140561064"><bdi>0140561064</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+and+Architecture+of+Russia&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=New+York%2C+N.Y.+%3A+Penguin&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0140561064&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=George+Heard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fartarchitectureo0000geor%2Fpage%2F16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Russia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRostovtsev1921" class="citation journal cs1">Rostovtsev, M. (1921). "South Russia in the Prehistoric and Classical Period". <i>The American Historical Review</i>. <b>26</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">203–</span>224. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1835935">10.2307/1835935</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1835935">1835935</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=South+Russia+in+the+Prehistoric+and+Classical+Period&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E203-%3C%2Fspan%3E224&rft.date=1921&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1835935&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1835935%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Rostovtsev&rft.aufirst=M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Russia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerberstein,_Siegmund_Frhr_von.1975" class="citation book cs1">Herberstein, Siegmund Frhr von. (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/251498793"><i>Moskowia</i></a>. Kiepenheuer. pp. <span class="nowrap">6–</span>7. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/251498793">251498793</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moskowia.&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E6-%3C%2Fspan%3E7&rft.pub=Kiepenheuer&rft.date=1975&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F251498793&rft.au=Herberstein%2C+Siegmund+Frhr+von.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F251498793&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Russia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rg.ru/yug/">"Юг России"</a> [Southern Russia]. <i><a href="/wiki/Rossiyskaya_Gazeta" title="Rossiyskaya Gazeta">Rossiyskaya Gazeta</a></i> (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rossiyskaya+Gazeta&rft.atitle=%D0%AE%D0%B3+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rg.ru%2Fyug%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Russia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vedomosti.ru/newspaper/page/south-russia">"Юг России"</a> [Southern Russia]. <i><a href="/wiki/Vedomosti" title="Vedomosti">Vedomosti</a></i> (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vedomosti&rft.atitle=%D0%AE%D0%B3+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vedomosti.ru%2Fnewspaper%2Fpage%2Fsouth-russia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouthern+Russia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Russia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yasnonews.ru"><i>ЯСНО</i> (<i>Clearly</i>)</a>, news portal</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.southru.info">Southru.ino</a>, news portal</li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Southern_Russia&params=45.4000_N_43.0000_E_source:wikidata"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°24′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">43°00′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.4000°N 43.0000°E</span><span 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title="Earth">Earth</a>'s primary <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_geoscheme" title="United Nations geoscheme">regions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Subregion" title="Subregion">subregions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/World" title="World">Worlds</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_World" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab World">Arab World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Down_Under" title="Down Under">Down Under</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_World" title="Old World">Old World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-world_model" title="Three-world model">Three/Four Worlds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_World" title="First World">First World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_World" title="Second World">Second World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_World" title="Third World">Third World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_World" title="Fourth World">Fourth World</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hemispheres_of_Earth" title="Hemispheres of Earth">Hemispheres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hemisphere" title="Eastern Hemisphere">Eastern Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_and_water_hemispheres" title="Land and water hemispheres">Land Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Hemisphere" title="Southern Hemisphere">Southern Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_and_water_hemispheres" title="Land and water hemispheres">Water Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere" title="Western Hemisphere">Western Hemisphere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landmass" title="Landmass">Landmasses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Eurasia" title="Afro-Eurasia">Africa-Eurasia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Australia" title="Mainland Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealandia" title="Zealandia">Zealandia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Submerged_continent" title="Submerged continent">submerged</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tectonic_plates" class="mw-redirect" title="Tectonic plates">Tectonic plates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">Continents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_basin" title="Mediterranean basin">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahara" title="Sahara">Saharan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashriq" title="Mashriq">Mashriq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="Middle East and North Africa">Middle East and North Africa</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">Sub-Saharan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horn_of_Africa" title="Horn of Africa">Horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Great_Lakes" title="African Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">Western</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Antarctica" title="East Antarctica">East Antarctica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Plateau" title="Antarctic Plateau">Antarctic Plateau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transantarctic_Mountains" title="Transantarctic Mountains">Transantarctic Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Antarctica" title="West Antarctica">West Antarctica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Peninsula" title="Antarctic Peninsula">Antarctic Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Pacific" title="Asia–Pacific">Asia–Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aral_Sea" title="Aral Sea">Aral Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aralkum_Desert" title="Aralkum Desert">Aralkum Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">Eastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Asia" title="Inner Asia">Inner Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Central_Asia" title="Greater Central Asia">Greater Central Asia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Asia" title="Northeast Asia">Northeastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_East" title="Far East">Far East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Asia" title="Pacific Asia">Pacific Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_(region)" title="Ural (region)">Ural</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asia" title="Mainland Southeast Asia">Mainland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Maritime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_states" title="Himalayan states">Himalayan states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_South_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of South Asia">Subregions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Iran" title="Greater Iran">Greater Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_plateau" title="Iranian plateau">Iranian plateau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea" title="Dead Sea">Dead Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_Sea" title="Levantine Sea">Levantine Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mashriq" title="Mashriq">Mashriq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="Middle East and North Africa">Middle East and North Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Southern Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Russia" title="European Russia">European Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">Southeastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Europe" title="Northern Europe">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Europe" title="Northwestern Europe">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Peninsula" title="Scandinavian Peninsula">Scandinavian Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Europe" title="Southern Europe">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_basin" title="Mediterranean basin">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy_(geographical_region)" title="Italy (geographical region)">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italian Peninsula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">South-eastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkan Peninsula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">South-western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Europe" title="Atlantic Europe">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Europe" title="Northwestern Europe">Northwestern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_nations" title="Celtic nations">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic-speaking_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic-speaking Europe">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance-speaking_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance-speaking Europe">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aridoamerica" title="Aridoamerica">Aridoamerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">Mesoamerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_America_(Americas)" title="Middle America (Americas)">Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_America" title="Northern America">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt">Bible Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_United_States" title="Eastern United States">Eastern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_region" title="Great Lakes region">Great Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Mid-Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_states" title="Mountain states">Mountain states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_United_States" title="Northern United States">Northern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">Southeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_South_Central_states" title="West South Central states">West South Central United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">Western United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Canada" title="Atlantic Canada">Atlantic Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Prairies" title="Canadian Prairies">Canadian Prairies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Canada" title="Central Canada">Central Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Canada" title="Eastern Canada">Eastern Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Canada" title="Northern Canada">Northern Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canada" title="Western Canada">Western Canada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mexico" title="Northern Mexico">Northern Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-America" title="Anglo-America">Anglo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_America" title="French America">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibero-America" title="Ibero-America">Ibero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_America" title="Hispanic America">Hispanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_America" title="Portuguese America">Portuguese</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="Latin America and the Caribbean">Latin America and the Caribbean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Australia" title="Mainland Australia">Mainland Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealandia" title="Zealandia">Zealandia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Island_Melanesia" title="Island Melanesia">Island Melanesia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_Oceania" title="Near Oceania">Near Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Oceania" title="Remote Oceania">Remote Oceania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_basin" title="Amazon basin">Amazon Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Basin_(sedimentary_basin)" title="Amazon Basin (sedimentary basin)">Amazon Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_rainforest" title="Amazon rainforest">Amazon Rainforest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andean_Community" title="Andean Community">Andean States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Highlands" title="Brazilian Highlands">Brazilian Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_South_America" title="Caribbean South America">Caribbean South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Guianas" title="The Guianas">The Guianas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="Latin America and the Caribbean">Latin America and the Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Cone" title="Southern Cone">Southern Cone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patagonia" title="Patagonia">Patagonia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_islands" title="Lists of islands">Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">continent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Africa" title="List of islands of Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_islands_of_the_Americas" title="Lists of islands of the Americas">America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_North_America" title="List of islands of North America">North America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_islands" title="List of Caribbean islands">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Central_America" title="List of islands of Central America">Central America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_South_America" title="List of islands of South America">South America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of islands of Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Europe" title="List of islands of Europe">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_islands_by_area" title="List of European islands by area">by area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_islands_by_population" title="List of European islands by population">by population</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Pacific_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Pacific Ocean">Oceania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Australia" title="List of islands of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_New_Zealand" title="List of islands of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Arctic_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Baltic_Sea" title="List of islands in the Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Black_Sea" title="List of islands in the Black Sea">Black Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_islands" title="List of Caribbean islands">Caribbean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Irish_Sea" title="List of islands in the Irish Sea">Irish Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Mediterranean" title="List of islands in the Mediterranean">Mediterranean Sea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Adriatic" title="List of islands in the Adriatic">Adriatic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Aegean_Islands" title="List of Aegean Islands">Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Sea</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Persian_Gulf" title="List of islands in the Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Pacific_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_East_China_Sea" title="List of islands in the East China Sea">East China Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_South_China_Sea" title="List of islands in the South China Sea">South China Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">Southern Ocean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">Oceans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Antarctic/Southern Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Convergence" title="Antarctic Convergence">Antarctic Convergence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef" title="Great Barrier Reef">Great Barrier Reef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_Trench" title="Mariana Trench">Mariana Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_of_Fire" title="Ring of Fire">Ring of Fire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean#World_Ocean" title="Ocean">World Ocean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Body_of_water" title="Body of water">waterbodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes" title="List of lakes">Lakes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_lakes" title="Lists of lakes">lists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_rivers" title="Lists of rivers">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_seas_on_Earth" title="List of seas on Earth">Seas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rim_regions" title="Category:Rim regions">Rim</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Rim">Atlantic Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Mediterranean" title="Indo-Mediterranean">Indo-Mediterranean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Ocean Rim">Indian Ocean Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Rim">Mediterranean Rim</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Rim" title="Pacific Rim">Pacific Rim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polar_regions_of_Earth" title="Polar regions of Earth">Polar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic" title="Antarctic">Antarctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic" title="Arctic">Arctic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Global_regions" title="Category:Global regions">Global</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_East" title="Global East">Global East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Geographical_Pivot_of_History#The_Heartland" title="The Geographical Pivot of History">Global Heartland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_North_and_Global_South" title="Global North and Global South">Global North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Asia" title="Northeast Asia">Global Northeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Northwest" title="Global Northwest">Global Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_North_and_Global_South" title="Global North and Global South">Global South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Southeast" title="Global Southeast">Global Southeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Southwest" title="Global Southwest">Global Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Global West</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Template:Continents_of_Earth" title="Template:Continents of Earth">Continents of Earth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_seas" title="Template:List of seas">List of seas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Earth" title="Template:Earth">Physical Earth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russia_articles405" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russia_topics" title="Template:Russia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russia_topics" title="Template talk:Russia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russia_articles405" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Russia" title="History of Russia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Russian_history" title="Timeline of Russian history">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-Europeans" title="Proto-Indo-Europeans">Proto-Indo-Europeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythians" title="Scythians">Scythians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarmatians" title="Sarmatians">Sarmatians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Slavs" title="Early Slavs">Early Slavs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Slavs" title="East Slavs">East Slavs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27" title="Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'">Mongol invasion</a></li> <li>Feudal Rus' <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Novgorod_Republic" title="Novgorod Republic">Novgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir-Suzdal" title="Vladimir-Suzdal">Vladimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Moscow" title="Principality of Moscow">Moscow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansion_of_Russia_(1500%E2%80%931800)" title="Expansion of Russia (1500–1800)">Expansion (1500–1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsardom_of_Russia" title="Tsardom of Russia">Tsardom of Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Tsardom_of_Russia" title="Army of the Tsardom of Russia">Army</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_Revolution" title="February Revolution">February Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Republic" title="Russian Republic">Russian Republic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian state">Russian state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Great Patriotic War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Dissolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Russia_(1991%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Russia (1991–present)">Russian Federation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_State" title="Union State">Union State</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Economic history of the Russian Federation">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Russian_journalism" title="History of Russian journalism">Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Russia" title="History of the Jews in Russia">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Internet_in_Russia" title="History of the Internet in Russia">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_system_of_the_Russian_Empire" title="Judicial system of the Russian Empire">Judicial system of the Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Russia">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Russia" title="Military history of Russia">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Russia" title="Outline of Russia">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Russia" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Russia">Postal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_city_of_Russia" title="Historical city of Russia">Historical cities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Russia" title="Geography of Russia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borders_of_Russia" title="Borders of Russia">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Russia" title="List of cities and towns in Russia">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Russia" title="Climate of Russia">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Russia" title="List of earthquakes in Russia">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Russia" title="Environment of Russia">Environment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Russia" title="Environmental issues in Russia">Environmental issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme points of Russia">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Russia" title="European Russia">European Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Russian_Upland" title="Central Russian Upland">Central Russian Upland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Russia" title="Northwest Russia">Northwest Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshchera_Lowlands" title="Meshchera Lowlands">Meshchera Lowlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oka%E2%80%93Don_Lowland" title="Oka–Don Lowland">Oka–Don Lowland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smolensk_Upland" title="Smolensk Upland">Smolensk Upland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fjords_of_Russia" title="List of fjords of Russia">Fjords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Russia" title="Geology of Russia">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_glaciers_in_Russia" title="List of glaciers in Russia">Glaciers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Russian_Regions" title="Great Russian Regions">Great Russian Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest_points_of_Russian_federal_subjects" title="List of highest points of Russian federal subjects">Highest points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Russia" title="List of islands of Russia">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Russia" title="List of lakes of Russia">Lakes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mountains of Russia">Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains" title="Caucasus Mountains">Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Mountains" title="Ural Mountains">Urals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Russia" title="List of volcanoes in Russia">Volcanoes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">North Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Siberian_Plain" title="West Siberian Plain">West Siberian Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Russia" title="List of rivers of Russia">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Russia" title="Protected areas of Russia">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Russia" title="Wildlife of Russia">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_North_(Russia)" title="Far North (Russia)">Far North</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Russia" title="Politics of Russia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_Russia" title="Anarchism in Russia">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Russia" title="Capital punishment in Russia">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Civil Service of the Russian Federation">Civil Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classified_information_in_Russia" title="Classified information in Russia">Classified information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_Russia" title="Conscription in Russia">Conscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Russia" title="Constitution of Russia">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Code_of_Russia" title="Criminal Code of Russia">Criminal code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Russia" title="Elections in Russia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics_in_Russia" title="Far-right politics in Russia">Far-right politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_budget_of_Russia" title="Federal budget of Russia">Federal budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Russia" title="Foreign relations of Russia">Foreign relations</a> (<a href="/wiki/Foreign_Relations_of_Russia_since_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Foreign Relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_assembly_in_Russia" title="Freedom of assembly in Russia">Freedom of assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Russia" title="Government of Russia">Government</a> (<a href="/wiki/Apparatus_of_the_Government_of_Russia" title="Apparatus of the Government of Russia">Apparatus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Russia" title="Judiciary of Russia">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Russia" title="Law of Russia">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Russia" title="Law enforcement in Russia">Law enforcement</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisons_in_Russia" title="Prisons in Russia">Prisons</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_abuse_of_psychiatry_in_Russia" title="Political abuse of psychiatry in Russia">Political abuse of psychiatry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Russia" title="Political divisions of Russia">Political divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Propaganda in Russia">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Russia" title="Liberalism in Russia">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_Russia" title="Conservatism in Russia">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_imperialism" title="Russian imperialism">Imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_irredentism" title="Russian irredentism">Irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_nationalism" title="Russian nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_law_in_Russia" title="Martial law in Russia">Martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_Russia" title="Monarchism in Russia">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_freedom_in_Russia" title="Media freedom in Russia">Media freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazism_in_Russia" title="Neo-Nazism in Russia">Neo-Nazism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agencies_of_Russia" title="Intelligence agencies of Russia">Intelligence agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_opposition" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian opposition">Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Political parties in Russia">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia" title="Prime Minister of Russia">Prime Minister of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty_Organization" title="Collective Security Treaty Organization">Collective Security Treaty Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency_in_Russia" title="State of emergency in Russia">State of emergency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_defense_in_Russia" title="Civil defense in Russia">Civil defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue_in_Russia" title="Search and rescue in Russia">Search and rescue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_planning_in_Russia" title="Urban planning in Russia">Urban planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_surveillance_in_Russia" title="Mass surveillance in Russia">Mass surveillance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separatism_in_Russia" title="Separatism in Russia">Separatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Term_limits_in_Russia" title="Term limits in Russia">Term limits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Russia" title="Terrorism in Russia">Terrorism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Russia" title="Agriculture in Russia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_industry_of_Russia" title="Aircraft industry of Russia">Aircraft industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Russia" title="Banking in Russia">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droughts_and_famines_in_Russia_and_the_Soviet_Union" title="Droughts and famines in Russia and the Soviet Union">Droughts and famines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Russia" title="Automotive industry in Russia">Car industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Russia" title="Central Bank of Russia">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_industry_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense industry of Russia">Defence industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_regions_of_Russia" title="Economic regions of Russia">Economic regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Russia" title="Energy in Russia">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_Russia" title="Fishing industry in Russia">Fishing industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Russia" title="Forestry in Russia">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Financial_districts_in_Russia" title="Category:Financial districts in Russia">Financial districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Russia" title="Gambling in Russia">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Russia" title="Homelessness in Russia">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_Russia" title="Mining industry of Russia">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Russia" title="Petroleum industry in Russia">Petroleum industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Russia" title="Postal codes in Russia">Postal codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_oligarchs" title="Russian oligarchs">Russian oligarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_ruble" title="Russian ruble">Ruble <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Russia" title="Science and technology in Russia">Science and technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Russian Academy of Sciences">Academy of Sciences</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding_in_Russia" title="Shipbuilding in Russia">Shipbuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_security_system_in_Russia" title="Social security system in Russia">Social security system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_industry_of_Russia" title="Space industry of Russia">Space industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Russia" title="Taxation in Russia">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Russia" title="Telecommunications in Russia">Telecommunications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Russia" title="Telephone numbers in Russia">Telephone numbers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Russia" title="Tourism in Russia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trade_unions_in_Russia" title="List of trade unions in Russia">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Russia" title="Transport in Russia">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Russia" title="Waste management in Russia">Waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Russia" title="Water supply and sanitation in Russia">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Russia" title="Category:Society of Russia">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Russia" title="Abortion in Russia">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_in_Russia" title="Alcohol in Russia">Alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-American_sentiment_in_Russia" title="Anti-American sentiment in Russia">Anti-American sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_Russia" title="Cannabis in Russia">Cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in the Russian Federation">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizenship_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizenship of Russia">Citizens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Russia" title="Corruption in Russia">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Russia" title="Crime in Russia">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deafness_in_Russia" title="Deafness in Russia">Deafness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Russia" title="Demographics of Russia">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_violence_in_Russia" title="Domestic violence in Russia">Domestic violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doping_in_Russia" title="Doping in Russia">Doping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Russia" title="Education in Russia">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Russia" title="Ethnic groups in Russia">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_Russia" title="Feminism in Russia">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_public_apologies_in_Russia" title="Forced public apologies in Russia">Forced public apologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funerals_in_Russia" title="Funerals in Russia">Funerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_control_in_Russia" title="Gun control in Russia">Gun control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Russia" title="Health in Russia">Health</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Russia" title="Healthcare in Russia">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_Russia" title="HIV/AIDS in Russia">HIV/AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mental_health_in_Russia" title="Mental health in Russia">Mental health</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Russia" title="Human rights in Russia">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_rights_in_Russia" title="LGBTQ rights in Russia">LGBTQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Russia" title="Immigration to Russia">Immigration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Russia" title="Illegal immigration to Russia">Illegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migrant_workers_in_Russia" title="Migrant workers in Russia">Labour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Russia" title="Languages of Russia">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_life_expectancy" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_access_in_Russia" title="Open access in Russia">Open access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphans_in_Russia" title="Orphans in Russia">Orphans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygamy_in_Russia" title="Polygamy in Russia">Polygamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Russia" title="Prostitution in Russia">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_Russia" title="Racism in Russia">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Russia" title="Religion in Russia">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scouting_in_Russia" title="Scouting in Russia">Scouting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_Russia" title="Slavery in Russia">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_entrepreneurship_in_Russia" title="Social entrepreneurship in Russia">Social entrepreneurship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_in_Russia" title="Sociology in Russia">Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Russia" title="Smoking in Russia">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_in_Russia" title="Suicide in Russia">Suicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_wedding_traditions" title="Russian wedding traditions">Wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_trials_in_Russia" title="Witch trials in Russia">Witch trials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Russia" title="Women in Russia">Women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Russian_and_Soviet_military" title="Women in the Russian and Soviet military">in army</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Russia" title="Culture of Russia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Russia" title="Architecture of Russia">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Russia" title="Armorial of Russia">Armorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Culture of the Russian Armed Forces">Army culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_weapons_of_Russia" title="Honorary weapons of Russia">Honorary weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_artists" title="List of Russian artists">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_ballet" title="Russian ballet">Ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Russia" title="Cinema of Russia">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_cuisine" title="Russian cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_wine" title="Russian wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_fashion" title="Russian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_fairy_tale" title="Russian fairy tale">Fairy tales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_fashion" title="Russian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Festivals_in_Russia" title="Category:Festivals in Russia">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Folklore of Russia">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_traditions_and_superstitions" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian traditions and superstitions">Traditions and superstitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_forms_of_addressing" title="Russian forms of addressing">Forms of addressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graffiti_in_Russia" title="Graffiti in Russia">Graffiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_heraldry" title="Russian heraldry">Heraldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Russia" title="Internet in Russia">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Russian_innovation" title="Timeline of Russian innovation">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_literature" title="Russian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_martial_arts" title="Russian martial arts">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Russia" title="Mass media in Russia">Mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Russia" title="Music of Russia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_Rus%CA%B9,_Russia_and_Ruthenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Names of Rusʹ, Russia and Ruthenia">Names of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_given_name" title="Russian given name">Russian given name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_nobility" title="Russian nobility">Nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Russia" title="National symbols of Russia">National symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Russia" title="National anthem of Russia">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Russia" title="Coat of arms of Russia">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Russia" title="Flag of Russia">Flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regalia_of_the_Russian_tsars" title="Regalia of the Russian tsars">Russian tsars regalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_opera" title="Russian opera">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personification_of_Russia" title="Personification of Russia">Personification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_playing_cards" title="Russian playing cards">Playing cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_philosophers" title="List of Russian philosophers">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_political_jokes" title="Russian political jokes">Political jokes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Russia" title="Public holidays in Russia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_tea_culture" title="Russian tea culture">Tea culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Russia" title="Television in Russia">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Wonders_of_Russia" title="Seven Wonders of Russia">Seven Wonders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Russia" title="Sport in Russia">Sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Sports_Classification_System_of_Russia" title="Unified Sports Classification System of Russia">Unified Sports Classification System</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Russia" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Russia">World Heritage sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Russia" title="Outline of Russia">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Russia" title="Category:Russia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Russia" title="Portal:Russia">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Subdivisions_of_Russia56" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Subdivisions_of_Russia" title="Template:Subdivisions of Russia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a 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style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">Oblasts</a> (48)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amur_Oblast" title="Amur Oblast">Amur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk_Oblast" title="Arkhangelsk Oblast">Arkhangelsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Oblast" title="Astrakhan Oblast">Astrakhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgorod_Oblast" title="Belgorod Oblast">Belgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryansk_Oblast" title="Bryansk Oblast">Bryansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelyabinsk_Oblast" title="Chelyabinsk Oblast">Chelyabinsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irkutsk_Oblast" title="Irkutsk Oblast">Irkutsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanovo_Oblast" title="Ivanovo Oblast">Ivanovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Kaliningrad Oblast">Kaliningrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaluga_Oblast" title="Kaluga Oblast">Kaluga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemerovo_Oblast" title="Kemerovo Oblast">Kemerovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Kherson_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast">Kherson</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirov_Oblast" title="Kirov Oblast">Kirov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostroma_Oblast" title="Kostroma Oblast">Kostroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurgan_Oblast" title="Kurgan Oblast">Kurgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kursk_Oblast" title="Kursk Oblast">Kursk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Oblast" title="Leningrad Oblast">Leningrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipetsk_Oblast" title="Lipetsk Oblast">Lipetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magadan_Oblast" title="Magadan Oblast">Magadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murmansk_Oblast" title="Murmansk Oblast">Murmansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast" title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast">Nizhny Novgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novgorod_Oblast" title="Novgorod Oblast">Novgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk_Oblast" title="Novosibirsk Oblast">Novosibirsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omsk_Oblast" title="Omsk Oblast">Omsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orenburg_Oblast" title="Orenburg Oblast">Orenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oryol_Oblast" title="Oryol Oblast">Oryol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penza_Oblast" title="Penza Oblast">Penza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pskov_Oblast" title="Pskov Oblast">Pskov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rostov_Oblast" title="Rostov Oblast">Rostov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryazan_Oblast" title="Ryazan Oblast">Ryazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhalin_Oblast" title="Sakhalin Oblast">Sakhalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samara_Oblast" title="Samara Oblast">Samara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratov_Oblast" title="Saratov Oblast">Saratov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smolensk_Oblast" title="Smolensk Oblast">Smolensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sverdlovsk_Oblast" title="Sverdlovsk Oblast">Sverdlovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambov_Oblast" title="Tambov Oblast">Tambov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomsk_Oblast" title="Tomsk Oblast">Tomsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tula_Oblast" title="Tula Oblast">Tula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tver_Oblast" title="Tver Oblast">Tver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyumen_Oblast" title="Tyumen Oblast">Tyumen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulyanovsk_Oblast" title="Ulyanovsk Oblast">Ulyanovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Oblast" title="Vladimir Oblast">Vladimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volgograd_Oblast" title="Volgograd Oblast">Volgograd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vologda_Oblast" title="Vologda Oblast">Vologda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronezh_Oblast" title="Voronezh Oblast">Voronezh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl_Oblast" title="Yaroslavl Oblast">Yaroslavl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Zaporozhye</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republics</a> (24)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adygea" title="Adygea">Adygea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altai_Republic" title="Altai Republic">Altai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashkortostan" title="Bashkortostan">Bashkortostan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia">Buryatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuvashia" title="Chuvashia">Chuvashia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Crimea</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingushetia" title="Ingushetia">Ingushetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkaria" title="Kabardino-Balkaria">Kabardino-Balkaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmykia" title="Kalmykia">Kalmykia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karachay-Cherkessia" title="Karachay-Cherkessia">Karachay-Cherkessia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Karelia" title="Republic of Karelia">Karelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khakassia" title="Khakassia">Khakassia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_Republic" title="Komi Republic">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El">Mari El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordovia" title="Mordovia">Mordovia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="North Ossetia–Alania">North Ossetia–Alania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakha_Republic" title="Sakha Republic">Sakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatarstan" title="Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuva" title="Tuva">Tuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udmurtia" title="Udmurtia">Udmurtia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Krais_of_Russia" title="Krais of Russia">Krais</a> (9)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altai_Krai" title="Altai Krai">Altai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamchatka_Krai" title="Kamchatka Krai">Kamchatka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk_Krai" title="Khabarovsk Krai">Khabarovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar_Krai" title="Krasnodar Krai">Krasnodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnoyarsk_Krai" title="Krasnoyarsk Krai">Krasnoyarsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perm_Krai" title="Perm Krai">Perm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primorsky_Krai" title="Primorsky Krai">Primorsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavropol_Krai" title="Stavropol Krai">Stavropol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Zabaykalsky Krai">Zabaykalsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russia" title="Autonomous okrugs of Russia">Autonomous okrugs</a> (4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chukotka_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Chukotka Autonomous Okrug">Chukotka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanty-Mansi_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug">Khanty-Mansi</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Nenets Autonomous Okrug">Nenets</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug">Yamalo-Nenets</a><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal cities</a> (3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia#Types" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Autonomous oblast</a> (1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast" title="Jewish Autonomous Oblast">Jewish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup>Considered by most of the international community to be part of <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li><sup>2</sup>Administratively subordinated to <a href="/wiki/Tyumen_Oblast" title="Tyumen Oblast">Tyumen Oblast</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li><sup>3</sup>Administratively subordinated to <a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk_Oblast" title="Arkhangelsk Oblast">Arkhangelsk Oblast</a>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Non-constitutional_official_divisions_by_various_institutions453"><b>Non-constitutional official divisions by various institutions</b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 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