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href="//en.wiktionary.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/obstruent"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wiktionary Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin-vector-legacy mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-obstruent rootpage-obstruent skin-vector action-view"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">obstruent</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#English"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">English</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Etymology"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Pronunciation"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Pronunciation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Adjective"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Adjective</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#Derived_terms"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Derived terms</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#Related_terms"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Related terms</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Noun"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Noun</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-8"><a href="#Derived_terms_2"><span class="tocnumber">1.4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Derived terms</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9"><a href="#Translations"><span class="tocnumber">1.4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Translations</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Anagrams"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Anagrams</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#French"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">French</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Verb"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Verb</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Anagrams_2"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Anagrams</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Latin"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Latin</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Verb_2"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Verb</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="English">English</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: English"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interproject-box sister-wikipedia sister-project noprint floatright"><div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/44px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/66px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/88px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left: 60px;">English <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> has an article on:<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/obstruent" class="extiw" title="w:obstruent">obstruent</a></b></div></div><span class="interProject"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/obstruent" class="extiw" title="w:obstruent">Wikipedia </a></span></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81571951">.mw-parser-output .interproject-box{font-size:90%;width:250px;padding:4px;text-align:left;background:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue,#f9f9f9);border:var(--border-color-base,#aaa)1px solid}@media screen and (max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .interproject-box{box-sizing:border-box;line-height:1.5;width:100%;max-width:100%}}</style> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing" title="Appendix:Glossary">Learned borrowing</a> from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/obstruens#Latin" title="obstruens">obstruēns, obstruentis</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:English_pronunciation" title="Appendix:English pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈɒbstɹuːənt/</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjective">Adjective</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Adjective"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="en">obstruent</strong> (<i><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#comparative" title="Appendix:Glossary">comparative</a></i> <b class="Latn form-of lang-en comparative-form-of" lang="en">more <strong class="selflink">obstruent</strong></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#superlative" title="Appendix:Glossary">superlative</a></i> <b class="Latn form-of lang-en superlative-form-of" lang="en">most <strong class="selflink">obstruent</strong></b>)</span> </p> <ol><li>Causing <a href="/wiki/obstruction" title="obstruction">obstruction</a>; <a href="/wiki/block_up" title="block up">blocking up</a>. <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/hindering#English" title="hindering">hindering</a></span></span></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example collocation"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en">an <b>obstruent</b> medicine</i></div></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/deobstruent#English" title="deobstruent">deobstruent</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Related_terms">Related terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Related terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/obstruency#English" title="obstruency">obstruency</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun">Noun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="en">obstruent</strong> (<i>plural</i> <b class="Latn form-of lang-en p-form-of" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/obstruents#English" title="obstruents">obstruents</a></b>)</span> </p> <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_phonetics"><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/phonetics" title="phonetics">phonetics</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> A <a href="/wiki/consonant" title="consonant">consonant</a> <a href="/wiki/sound" title="sound">sound</a> formed by <a href="/wiki/obstructing" title="obstructing">obstructing</a> the <a href="/wiki/airway" title="airway">airway</a>, causing turbulence; a <a href="/wiki/plosive" title="plosive">plosive</a>, <a href="/wiki/fricative" title="fricative">fricative</a><span class="serial-comma">,</span> or <a href="/wiki/affricate" title="affricate">affricate</a>. <dl><dd><span class="nyms antonym"><span class="defdate">Antonym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/sonorant#English" title="sonorant">sonorant</a></span></span></dd> <dd><span class="nyms hypernym"><span class="defdate">Hypernym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/consonant#English" title="consonant">consonant</a></span></span></dd> <dd><span class="nyms hyponym"><span class="defdate">Hyponyms:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/plosive#English" title="plosive">plosive</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/fricative#English" title="fricative">fricative</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/affricate#English" title="affricate">affricate</a></span></span></dd> <dd><span class="nyms coordinate-term"><span class="defdate">Coordinate term:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/continuant#English" title="continuant">continuant</a></span></span></dd></dl> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><span class="None" lang="und"><b>2003</b></span>, Bhadiraju Krishnamurti, <cite>The Dravidian Languages</cite>‎<sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.co.nz/books/about/The_Dravidian_Languages.html?id=54fV7Lwu3fMC">[1]</a></sup>, Cambridge University Press, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780511068812" title="Special:BookSources/9780511068812">→ISBN</a></small>:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Latn e-quotation cited-passage" lang="en">Lehmann (1998:77) and Steever (1998: 14, 16) considered <i>āytam</i> an allophone of Tamil /y/ before <b>obstruents</b>, but there is no real evidence for this assumption.</span></div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li> <li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/medicine" title="medicine">medicine</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> Anything that <a href="/wiki/obstruct" title="obstruct">obstructs</a>, especially in the passages of the body.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_2">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/final_obstruent_devoicing#English" title="final obstruent devoicing">final obstruent devoicing</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Translations">Translations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-consonant_sound_formed_by_obstructing_the_airway"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">consonant sound formed by obstructing the airway</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="consonant sound formed by obstructing the airway"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81584270">.mw-parser-output .translations{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .translations-cell{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightyellow,#FFFFe0);vertical-align:top;text-align:left}</style> <ul><li>Chinese: <dl><dd>Mandarin: <span class="Hani" lang="cmn"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BB%E9%9F%B3#Mandarin" title="阻音">阻音</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%98%BB%E9%9F%B3" class="extiw" title="zh:阻音">(zh)</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="cmn-Latn" class="tr Latn">zǔyīn</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></dd></dl></li> <li>German: <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obstruent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obstruent (page does not exist)">Obstruent</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Obstruent" class="extiw" title="de:Obstruent">(de)</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span>; <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ger%C3%A4uschlaut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geräuschlaut (page does not exist)">Geräuschlaut</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ger%C3%A4uschlaut" class="extiw" title="de:Geräuschlaut">(de)</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span></li> <li>Greek: <span class="Grek" lang="el"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CF%86%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="φρακτικό (page does not exist)">φρακτικό</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="neuter gender">n</abbr></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="el-Latn" class="tr Latn">fraktikó</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Hungarian: <span class="Latn" lang="hu"><a href="/wiki/obstruens#Hungarian" title="obstruens">obstruens</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="hu"><a href="/w/index.php?title=z%C3%B6rejhang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="zörejhang (page does not exist)">zörejhang</a></span></li> <li>Japanese: <span class="Jpan" lang="ja"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BB%E5%AE%B3%E9%9F%B3#Japanese" title="阻害音">阻害音</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="tr">そがいおん, sogaion</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Portuguese: <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/obstruinte#Portuguese" title="obstruinte">obstruinte</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/w/index.php?title=consoante_obstruente&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="consoante obstruente (page does not exist)">consoante obstruente</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span></li> <li>Russian: <span class="Cyrl" lang="ru"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="смычный (page does not exist)">смы́чный</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" class="extiw" title="ru:смычный">(ru)</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ru-Latn" class="tr Latn">smýčnyj</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">звук</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span></li> <li>Swedish: <span class="Latn" lang="sv"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Swedish">obstruent</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="common gender">c</abbr></span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anagrams">Anagrams</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Anagrams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/buttoners#English" title="buttoners">buttoners</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/rebuttons#English" title="rebuttons">rebuttons</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="French">French</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: French"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verb">Verb</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Verb"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="fr">obstruent</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="form-of-definition use-with-mention"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#third_person" title="Appendix:Glossary">third-person</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#plural_number" title="Appendix:Glossary">plural</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#present_tense" title="Appendix:Glossary">present</a> <span class="inflection-of-conjoined"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#indicative_mood" title="Appendix:Glossary">indicative</a><span class="inflection-of-sep">/</span><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#subjunctive_mood" title="Appendix:Glossary">subjunctive</a></span> of <span class="form-of-definition-link"><i class="Latn mention" lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/obstruer#French" title="obstruer">obstruer</a></i></span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anagrams_2">Anagrams</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Anagrams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/butterons#French" title="butterons">butterons</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Latin">Latin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Latin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verb_2">Verb</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=obstruent&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Verb"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="la">obstruent</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="form-of-definition use-with-mention"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#third_person" title="Appendix:Glossary">third-person</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#plural_number" title="Appendix:Glossary">plural</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#future_tense" title="Appendix:Glossary">future</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#active_voice" title="Appendix:Glossary">active</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#indicative_mood" title="Appendix:Glossary">indicative</a> of <span class="form-of-definition-link"><i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/obstruo#Latin" title="obstruo">obstruō</a></i></span></span></li></ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div 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class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other languages</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wiktionary.org/wiki/obstruent" title="obstruent – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="obstruent" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/obstruent" title="obstruent – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="obstruent" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/obstruent" title="obstruent – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="obstruent" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/obstruent" title="obstruent – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="obstruent" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/obstruent" title="obstruent – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="obstruent" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wiktionary.org/wiki/obstruent" title="obstruent – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="obstruent" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/obstruent" title="obstruent – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="obstruent" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/obstruent" title="obstruent – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="obstruent" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/obstruent" title="obstruent – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="obstruent" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 30 August 2024, at 13:12.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Definitions and other text are available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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