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class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-名称" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#名称"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>名称</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-名称-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关名称子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-名称-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-混凝土" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#混凝土"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>混凝土</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-混凝土-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-砼" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#砼"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>砼</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-砼-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-历史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关历史子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-新石器时期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#新石器时期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>新石器时期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-新石器时期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-古羅馬" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#古羅馬"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>古羅馬</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-古羅馬-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-波特蘭水泥" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#波特蘭水泥"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>波特蘭水泥</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-波特蘭水泥-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20世紀以後" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20世紀以後"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>20世紀以後</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20世紀以後-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-分类" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分类"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>分类</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-分类-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关分类子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-分类-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-按表观密度分类" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#按表观密度分类"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>按表观密度分类</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-按表观密度分类-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-重混凝土" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#重混凝土"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>重混凝土</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-重混凝土-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-普通混凝土" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#普通混凝土"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>普通混凝土</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-普通混凝土-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-輕混凝土" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#輕混凝土"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>輕混凝土</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-輕混凝土-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-組成" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#組成"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>組成</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-組成-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关組成子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-組成-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-膠結性材料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#膠結性材料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>膠結性材料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-膠結性材料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-粒料（骨材）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#粒料（骨材）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>粒料（骨材）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-粒料（骨材）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-粗粒料（粗骨材）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#粗粒料（粗骨材）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>粗粒料（粗骨材）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-粗粒料（粗骨材）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-細粒料（細骨材）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#細粒料（細骨材）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>細粒料（細骨材）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-細粒料（細骨材）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-特別粒料（特別骨材）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#特別粒料（特別骨材）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3</span> <span>特別粒料（特別骨材）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-特別粒料（特別骨材）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-輕質粒料（輕質骨材）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#輕質粒料（輕質骨材）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3.1</span> <span>輕質粒料（輕質骨材）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-輕質粒料（輕質骨材）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-摻料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#摻料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>摻料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-摻料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-礦物摻料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#礦物摻料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>礦物摻料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-礦物摻料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-化學摻料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化學摻料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2</span> <span>化學摻料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-化學摻料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-快乾劑／早強劑" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#快乾劑／早強劑"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2.1</span> <span>快乾劑／早強劑</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-快乾劑／早強劑-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-緩凝劑" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#緩凝劑"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2.2</span> <span>緩凝劑</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-緩凝劑-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-引氣劑(輸氣劑)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引氣劑(輸氣劑)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2.3</span> <span>引氣劑(輸氣劑)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引氣劑(輸氣劑)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-塑化劑" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#塑化劑"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2.4</span> <span>塑化劑</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-塑化劑-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-強塑劑" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#強塑劑"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2.5</span> <span>強塑劑</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-強塑劑-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-染料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#染料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2.6</span> <span>染料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-染料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-水" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#水"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>水</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-水-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-材料性質" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#材料性質"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>材料性質</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-材料性質-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关材料性質子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-材料性質-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-抗壓強度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#抗壓強度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>抗壓強度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-抗壓強度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-抗拉強度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#抗拉強度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>抗拉強度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-抗拉強度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-稠度和坍度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#稠度和坍度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>稠度和坍度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-稠度和坍度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-抗滲強度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#抗滲強度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>抗滲強度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-抗滲強度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-配比" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#配比"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>配比</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-配比-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关配比子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-配比-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-強度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#強度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>強度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-強度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-耐久性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#耐久性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>耐久性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-耐久性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-工作性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#工作性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>工作性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-工作性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-經濟性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#經濟性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>經濟性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-經濟性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生態性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生態性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>生態性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生態性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-使用流程" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#使用流程"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>使用流程</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-使用流程-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关使用流程子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-使用流程-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-拌合" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#拌合"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>拌合</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-拌合-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-拌合機具" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#拌合機具"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>拌合機具</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-拌合機具-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-預拌混凝土" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#預拌混凝土"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.2</span> <span>預拌混凝土</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-預拌混凝土-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-浇筑" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#浇筑"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>浇筑</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-浇筑-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-搗實" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#搗實"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.1</span> <span>搗實</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-搗實-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-養護" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#養護"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>養護</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-養護-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-一般工程常見的混凝土" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#一般工程常見的混凝土"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>一般工程常見的混凝土</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-一般工程常見的混凝土-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-常見分類" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#常見分類"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>常見分類</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-常見分類-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">混凝土</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。113种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-113" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">113种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembok" title="Tembok – 亚齐语" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Tembok" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="亚齐语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fornig%C3%B3n" title="Fornigón – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Fornigón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9" title="خرسانة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خرسانة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86" title="بيطون – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="بيطون" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formig%C3%B3n" title="Formigón – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Formigón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="بتون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بتون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedau" title="Bedau – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Bedau" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бэтон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бэтон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F" title="কংক্রিট – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কংক্রিট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beto%C3%B1s" title="Betoñs – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Betoñs" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formig%C3%B3" title="Formigó – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Formigó" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="کۆنکریت – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆنکریت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrit" title="Concrit – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Concrit" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betonvaney" title="Betonvaney – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Betonvaney" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BA%CF%85%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Σκυρόδεμα – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σκυρόδεμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete" title="Concrete – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Concrete" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betono" title="Betono – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Betono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormig%C3%B3n" title="Hormigón – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hormigón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betoon" title="Betoon – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Betoon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormigoi" title="Hormigoi – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hormigoi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%86" title="بتن – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بتن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betoni" title="Betoni – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Betoni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9ton_de_ciment" title="Béton de ciment – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Béton de ciment" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A8ton" title="Bèton – 法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Bèton" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coincr%C3%A9it" title="Coincréit – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Coincréit" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruadhtan" title="Cruadhtan – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cruadhtan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formig%C3%B3n" title="Formigón – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Formigón" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%B4ng-k%C3%BA-li%CC%8Dt" title="Không-kú-li̍t – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Không-kú-li̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="בטון – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9F" title="कंक्रीट – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कंक्रीट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Բետոն – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բետոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betono" title="Betono – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Betono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steinsteypa" title="Steinsteypa – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Steinsteypa" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcestruzzo" title="Calcestruzzo – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Calcestruzzo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88" title="コンクリート – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コンクリート" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ბეტონი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბეტონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%84" title="បេតុង – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="បេតុង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕಾಂಕ್ರೀಟ್ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಾಂಕ್ರೀಟ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%98%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%ED%8A%B8" title="콘크리트 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="콘크리트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudus_concretum" title="Rudus concretum – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Rudus concretum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ABtong" title="Bëtong – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bëtong" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pet%C3%B3n" title="Petón – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Petón" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botumm" title="Botumm – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Botumm" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betonas" title="Betonas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Betonas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betons" title="Betons – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Betons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="കോൺക്രീറ്റ് – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കോൺക്രീറ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkrit" title="Konkrit – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Konkrit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F" title="कङ्क्रिट – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कङ्क्रिट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betong" title="Betong – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Betong" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betong" title="Betong – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Betong" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betum" title="Betum – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Betum" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 普法爾茨德文" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="普法爾茨德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%87" title="گاگره – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="گاگره" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concreto" title="Concreto – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Concreto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urmiyun" title="Urmiyun – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Urmiyun" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete" title="Concrete – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Concrete" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete" title="Concrete – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Concrete" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bet%C3%B3n" title="Betón – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Betón" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betoni" title="Betoni – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Betoni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betong" title="Betong – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Betong" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zege" title="Zege – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Zege" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9E%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88" title="பைஞ்சுதை – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பைஞ்சுதை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81" title="కాంక్రీటు – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కాంక్రీటు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%95" title="คอนกรีต – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คอนกรีต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongkreto" title="Kongkreto – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kongkreto" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бетон – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бетон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%B9" title="کنکریٹ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کنکریٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beton" title="Beton – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Beton" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concreto" title="Concreto – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Concreto" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AA_t%C3%B4ng" title="Bê tông – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bê tông" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkreto" title="Konkreto – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Konkreto" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="混凝土 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="混凝土" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekhonkrithi" title="Ekhonkrithi – 科萨语" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ekhonkrithi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="科萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ბეტონი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბეტონი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9F" title="בעטאן – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="בעטאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C5%8Dng-ku-l%C3%AD" title="Khōng-ku-lí – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Khōng-ku-lí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%B1%8E" title="石屎 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="石屎" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q22657#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/24px-Confusion_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/36px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/48px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span><b>提示</b>：此条目页的主题不是<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="水泥">水泥</a></b>。</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:02_Hormig%C3%B3n_para_muestras.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/02_Hormig%C3%B3n_para_muestras.jpg/240px-02_Hormig%C3%B3n_para_muestras.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/02_Hormig%C3%B3n_para_muestras.jpg/360px-02_Hormig%C3%B3n_para_muestras.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/02_Hormig%C3%B3n_para_muestras.jpg/480px-02_Hormig%C3%B3n_para_muestras.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a><figcaption>手推車中的混凝土</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1981_BostonCityHall_byLebovich8_HABS_MA1176.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/1981_BostonCityHall_byLebovich8_HABS_MA1176.jpg/240px-1981_BostonCityHall_byLebovich8_HABS_MA1176.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/1981_BostonCityHall_byLebovich8_HABS_MA1176.jpg/360px-1981_BostonCityHall_byLebovich8_HABS_MA1176.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/1981_BostonCityHall_byLebovich8_HABS_MA1176.jpg/480px-1981_BostonCityHall_byLebovich8_HABS_MA1176.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4604" data-file-height="3068" /></a><figcaption>波士頓市公所，混凝土外型建築</figcaption></figure> <p><b>混凝土</b>，又稱<b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80905552">.mw-parser-output ruby.zy{text-align:justify;text-justify:none}.mw-parser-output ruby.zy>rp{user-select:none}.mw-parser-output ruby.zy>rt{font-feature-settings:"ruby"1;font-size:90%;user-select:none}.mw-parser-output ruby.zy>rt+rt{padding-left:0.15em}</style><ruby class="zy center"><rb>砼</rb><rp>（</rp><rt lang="zh-Latn-pinyin">tóng</rt><rp>）</rp></ruby></b>、<b>石矢</b>，是由凝胶材料、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%99" title="骨料">骨料</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>按適當比例配置，再經過一定時間硬化而成的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%87%E5%90%88%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="複合材料">複合材料</a>。混凝土的硬度大、耐壓強度高、堅固耐用、原料來源廣泛、製作方法簡單、成本低廉、可塑性強、適用於各種自然環境，是世界上使用量最大的人工土木工程及建築材料，廣泛使用於<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%BF%E5%B1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="房屋">房屋</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%8B%E6%A8%91" class="mw-redirect" title="橋樑">橋樑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="公路">公路</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%91%E9%81%93_(%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA)" title="跑道 (航空)">跑道</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%93%8B%E5%9C%9F%E7%89%86" class="mw-redirect" title="擋土牆">擋土牆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%A4%E9%98%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="堤防">堤防</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B5%E6%B4%9E" title="涵洞">涵洞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%A3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="水壩">水壩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%AE%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="水箱">水箱</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%A1%94" title="水塔">水塔</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%B9%E6%A7%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="油槽（页面不存在）">油槽</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%A0%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="渠道（页面不存在）">渠道</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%BA%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="水溝">水溝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%BC%E9%A0%AD" title="碼頭">碼頭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B2%E6%B3%A2%E5%A0%A4" title="防波堤">防波堤</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="軍事工程">軍事工程</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%83%BD%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E5%BB%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="核能發電廠">核能發電廠</a>等構造物。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="名称"><span id=".E5.90.8D.E7.A7.B0"></span>名称</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：名称"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="混凝土"><span id=".E6.B7.B7.E5.87.9D.E5.9C.9F"></span>混凝土</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：混凝土"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>日语中将“concrete”音译为“<span lang="ja">コンクリート</span>”，据称日本学者<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="广井勇" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="広井勇"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BF%E4%BA%95%E5%8B%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="广井勇（页面不存在）">广井勇</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%83%E4%BA%95%E5%8B%87" class="extiw" title="ja:広井勇"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">広井勇</span></a></span>）</span></span>最早将其翻译为汉字“混凝土”（<span lang="ja">コン・クリー・ト</span>）。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="砼"><span id=".E7.A0.BC"></span>砼</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：砼"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>「砼」一字的創造者是著名結構學家<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E6%96%B9%E8%8D%AB" title="蔡方荫">蔡方蔭</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88" title="教授">教授</a>，創造時間是1953年。當時教學科技落後，<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%84%E9%9F%B3%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="錄音機">錄音機</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%B1%E5%8D%B0%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="影印機">影印機</a>之類的電器不普及，學生上課聽講全靠記筆記。「混凝土」是建築工程中最常用的詞，但筆劃太多，寫起來費力又費時。於是蔡方蔭大膽採用筆畫减省的「人工石」三字代替「混凝土」，大大加快了筆記速度。後來「人工石」三字合成了「砼」字，並在大學生中得到廣泛使用。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1955年7月，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="中國科學院">中國科學院</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2%E7%B7%A8%E8%AD%AF%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中國科學院編譯出版委員會（页面不存在）">編譯出版委員會</a>名詞室審定頒布的《結構工程名詞》一書中，明確推薦「砼」與「混凝土」一詞並用。從此，「砼」被廣泛採用於各類建築工程的書刊中。1985年6月7日，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="中国文字改革委员会">中國文字改革委員會</a>正式批准「砼」與「混凝土」兩字詞同義、並用的法定地位。另外，「砼」字的讀音[tóng]（音「ㄊㄨㄥˊ」），正好與<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="法語">法語</a>的「<span lang="fr">béton</span>」、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="德語">德語</a>的「<span lang="de">Beton</span>」以及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="俄語">俄語</a>的「<span lang="ru"><span lang="ru">бетон</span></span>」（皆為「混凝土」之意）的發音基本相同。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="新石器时期"><span id=".E6.96.B0.E7.9F.B3.E5.99.A8.E6.97.B6.E6.9C.9F"></span>新石器时期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：新石器时期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>类似混凝土的遗迹在公元前6500年的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E5%B7%B4%E6%B3%B0%E4%BA%BA" title="納巴泰人">納巴泰人</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E9%83%BD%E5%9B%A0%E4%BA%BA" title="貝都因人">貝都因人</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E4%B8%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="近东">近东</a>地区已有出土，中国<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E5%AE%98%E5%8F%B0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="老官台文化">老官台文化</a>也有类混凝土的遗迹出土过，不过年代比近东晚了近3500年。<sup id="cite_ref-nachi.org_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nachi.org-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="古羅馬"><span id=".E5.8F.A4.E7.BE.85.E9.A6.AC"></span>古羅馬</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：古羅馬"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在古代西方，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="羅馬人">羅馬人</a>曾經用火山灰混合石灰﹑砂製成天然混凝土。天然混凝土具有凝結力強，堅固耐久，不透水等特性，使之在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="羅馬">羅馬</a>得到廣泛應用，大大促進了羅馬土木建築結構的發展，而且拱和穹頂的跨度上不斷取得突破，造就了一大批仍為人們津津樂道的大型公共土木建築。公元前1世紀中，天然土木建築在券拱結構中幾乎完全排斥了石材。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="波特蘭水泥"><span id=".E6.B3.A2.E7.89.B9.E8.98.AD.E6.B0.B4.E6.B3.A5"></span>波特蘭水泥</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：波特蘭水泥"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="波特蘭水泥">波特蘭水泥</a></div> <p>波特兰水泥是人们常用的水泥，用处非常广泛。在不同地区也有不同名称，因为状态属于干燥，细粉状，所以也称作“洋灰”。它在各种建筑材料中不可或缺，能与其他材料，依照不同比例混合成水泥，砂浆，石膏等。英国人约瑟・阿斯比丁在1824年为波特兰洋灰申请了专利。名为波特兰，主要是因为颜色与波特兰石灰石头的颜色相仿。波特兰洋灰里头，混合的成分为硅酸钙,铝酸盐,铁氧体等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20世紀以後"><span id="20.E4.B8.96.E7.B4.80.E4.BB.A5.E5.BE.8C"></span>20世紀以後</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：20世紀以後"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>20世紀初，水灰比等學說初步奠定了混凝土強度的理論基礎。以後，相繼出現了輕集料混凝土、加氣混凝土及其他混凝土，各種混凝土外加劑也開始使用。 60年代以來，廣泛應用減水劑，並出現了高效減水劑和相應的流態混凝土；高分子材料進入混凝土材料領域，出現了聚合物混凝土；多種纖維被用於分散配筋的纖維混凝土。現代測試技術也越來越多地應用於混凝土材料科學的研究 ;( </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分类"><span id=".E5.88.86.E7.B1.BB"></span>分类</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：分类"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>混凝土的组成材料有很多种，性能也各有不同，因此有多种分类。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="按表观密度分类"><span id=".E6.8C.89.E8.A1.A8.E8.A7.82.E5.AF.86.E5.BA.A6.E5.88.86.E7.B1.BB"></span>按表观密度分类</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：按表观密度分类"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="重混凝土"><span id=".E9.87.8D.E6.B7.B7.E5.87.9D.E5.9C.9F"></span>重混凝土</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：重混凝土"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>乾燥狀態下表觀密度在2800 kg/m<sup>3</sup>以上的混凝土屬於重混凝土。重混凝土使用的骨料特别密實，例如：鐵屑、鐵礦石等。γ射線和X射線不能穿透一定厚度的重混凝土，所以重混凝土通常用於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E7%88%90" class="mw-redirect" title="反應爐">反應爐</a>的屏蔽。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="普通混凝土"><span id=".E6.99.AE.E9.80.9A.E6.B7.B7.E5.87.9D.E5.9C.9F"></span>普通混凝土</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：普通混凝土"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>乾燥狀態下表觀密度在2000 kg/m<sup>3</sup>至2800 kg/m<sup>3</sup>之間的混凝土屬於普通混凝土。普通混凝土使用最廣泛，通常由天然的砂、石子作為骨料配制而成，可以用於各種民用工程。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="輕混凝土"><span id=".E8.BC.95.E6.B7.B7.E5.87.9D.E5.9C.9F"></span>輕混凝土</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：輕混凝土"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>乾燥狀態下表觀密度在2000 kg/m<sup>3</sup>以下的混凝土屬於輕混凝土。常見的有加氣混凝土、多孔混凝土，通常用於製造保温隔熱材料。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="組成"><span id=".E7.B5.84.E6.88.90"></span>組成</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：組成"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="膠結性材料"><span id=".E8.86.A0.E7.B5.90.E6.80.A7.E6.9D.90.E6.96.99"></span>膠結性材料</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：膠結性材料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>介於骨材的空隙中，主要膠結骨材顆粒以形成完整的個體。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="粒料（骨材）"><span id=".E7.B2.92.E6.96.99.EF.BC.88.E9.AA.A8.E6.9D.90.EF.BC.89"></span>粒料（骨材）</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：粒料（骨材）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>於混凝土中佔有大多數體積，其性質可以影響混凝土的主要特性，依照其顆粒大小可以分為粗粒料（粗骨材）與細粒料（細骨材）兩類 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="粗粒料（粗骨材）"><span id=".E7.B2.97.E7.B2.92.E6.96.99.EF.BC.88.E7.B2.97.E9.AA.A8.E6.9D.90.EF.BC.89"></span>粗粒料（粗骨材）</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：粗粒料（粗骨材）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>一般為天然石或者為人造石。大於#4篩的通常稱為粗粒料（粗骨材）。尺寸4mm~50 mm。水洗#200篩以下的，稱為含泥。含泥量（％）＝（含泥量/原試樣重）。含泥量規定要小於1% </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="細粒料（細骨材）"><span id=".E7.B4.B0.E7.B2.92.E6.96.99.EF.BC.88.E7.B4.B0.E9.AA.A8.E6.9D.90.EF.BC.89"></span>細粒料（細骨材）</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：細粒料（細骨材）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>一般為天然砂或者人造砂，小於#4篩的通常稱為細粒料（細骨材）。尺寸#4篩~#200篩。水洗#200篩以下的，稱為含泥。含泥量／原試樣重＝含泥量百分比。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="特別粒料（特別骨材）"><span id=".E7.89.B9.E5.88.A5.E7.B2.92.E6.96.99.EF.BC.88.E7.89.B9.E5.88.A5.E9.AA.A8.E6.9D.90.EF.BC.89"></span>特別粒料（特別骨材）</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：特別粒料（特別骨材）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="輕質粒料（輕質骨材）"><span id=".E8.BC.95.E8.B3.AA.E7.B2.92.E6.96.99.EF.BC.88.E8.BC.95.E8.B3.AA.E9.AA.A8.E6.9D.90.EF.BC.89"></span>輕質粒料（輕質骨材）</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：輕質粒料（輕質骨材）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>結構用輕粒料（輕骨材）密度=1.1~1.8 g/cm<sup>3</sup>，強度大於140 kgf/cm<sup>2</sup>。机场跑道通常加入铁钉混合而成。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="摻料"><span id=".E6.91.BB.E6.96.99"></span>摻料</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：摻料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>由於不同用途需求，在混凝土中加入各種材料以改善混凝土性質和性能。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="礦物摻料"><span id=".E7.A4.A6.E7.89.A9.E6.91.BB.E6.96.99"></span>礦物摻料</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：礦物摻料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%B4%A2%E8%98%AD%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波索蘭材料（页面不存在）">波索蘭材料</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="化學摻料"><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.B8.E6.91.BB.E6.96.99"></span>化學摻料</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：化學摻料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="快乾劑／早強劑"><span id=".E5.BF.AB.E4.B9.BE.E5.8A.91.EF.BC.8F.E6.97.A9.E5.BC.B7.E5.8A.91"></span>快乾劑／早強劑</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节：快乾劑／早強劑"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>快乾劑（中國大陸稱為早強劑）能加快水成反應，加速石矢硬化。常為CaCl<sub>2</sub>或NaCl。不過當中的氯可能會腐蝕鋼筋，所以某些國家禁止使用。（臺灣有立法已規定氯的含量，中國大陸以國家規範的形式規定混凝土的氯離子含量） </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="緩凝劑"><span id=".E7.B7.A9.E5.87.9D.E5.8A.91"></span>緩凝劑</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节：緩凝劑"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>緩凝劑相反減慢石矢的水成反應，常用於大形石矢，以防止過熱。為<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96" title="糖">糖</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%97%E7%B3%96" title="蔗糖">蔗糖</a>（C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>11</sub>） </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="引氣劑(輸氣劑)"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E6.B0.A3.E5.8A.91.28.E8.BC.B8.E6.B0.A3.E5.8A.91.29"></span>引氣劑(輸氣劑)</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=26" title="编辑章节：引氣劑(輸氣劑)"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>引氣劑(輸氣劑)可以把小气泡分佈於石矢內，防止冻融交替的損害。每增加1%氣泡更減少5%強度。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="塑化劑"><span id=".E5.A1.91.E5.8C.96.E5.8A.91"></span>塑化劑</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=27" title="编辑章节：塑化劑"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>塑化劑（減水劑）增加水泥的工作性（增加和易性，增加塌落度，以便泵送），從而可減少含水比例，增加強度。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Concrete_rebar_0030.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Concrete_rebar_0030.jpg/240px-Concrete_rebar_0030.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Concrete_rebar_0030.jpg/360px-Concrete_rebar_0030.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Concrete_rebar_0030.jpg/480px-Concrete_rebar_0030.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="764" /></a><figcaption>鋼筋埋設成鋼筋混凝土結構</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blocos.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Blocos.JPG/240px-Blocos.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Blocos.JPG/360px-Blocos.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Blocos.JPG/480px-Blocos.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>預製水泥磚型態</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crushed_Concrete_Granular_Fill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Crushed_Concrete_Granular_Fill.jpg/240px-Crushed_Concrete_Granular_Fill.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Crushed_Concrete_Granular_Fill.jpg/360px-Crushed_Concrete_Granular_Fill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Crushed_Concrete_Granular_Fill.jpg/480px-Crushed_Concrete_Granular_Fill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2434" data-file-height="1947" /></a><figcaption>河砂石原料採集</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hormigonera-rafax.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hormigonera-rafax.JPG/240px-Hormigonera-rafax.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hormigonera-rafax.JPG/360px-Hormigonera-rafax.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hormigonera-rafax.JPG/480px-Hormigonera-rafax.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1850" data-file-height="1520" /></a><figcaption>現場<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%90%85%E6%8B%8C%E8%BD%A6" title="混凝土搅拌车">混凝土攪拌車</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cement_mixer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Cement_mixer.jpg/240px-Cement_mixer.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Cement_mixer.jpg/360px-Cement_mixer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Cement_mixer.jpg/480px-Cement_mixer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1450" data-file-height="604" /></a><figcaption>大型混凝土搅拌车</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="強塑劑"><span id=".E5.BC.B7.E5.A1.91.E5.8A.91"></span>強塑劑</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=28" title="编辑章节：強塑劑"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>超塑劑為高效的塑化劑，能高增加工作性。相對來說，塑化劑用以保持工作性下減少水分，從而可減少含水比例，增加強度及耐用。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="染料"><span id=".E6.9F.93.E6.96.99"></span>染料</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=29" title="编辑章节：染料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>可改變石矢顏色。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="水"><span id=".E6.B0.B4"></span>水</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=30" title="编辑章节：水"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>水是混凝土中不可缺少的一項。水膠比（W/C）的高低與混凝土強度的高低成反比。水膠比＝水的質量／水泥的質量 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="材料性質"><span id=".E6.9D.90.E6.96.99.E6.80.A7.E8.B3.AA"></span>材料性質</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=31" title="编辑章节：材料性質"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>混凝土通常都有较强的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="抗压强度">抗压强度</a>，但是<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E6%8B%89%E5%BC%B7%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="抗拉強度">抗拉强度</a>相对较弱，所以通常需要在混凝土里加入其他材料（如<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%BC%E7%AD%8B" title="鋼筋">钢筋</a>）以增强其抗拉强度。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="抗壓強度"><span id=".E6.8A.97.E5.A3.93.E5.BC.B7.E5.BA.A6"></span>抗壓強度</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=32" title="编辑章节：抗壓強度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>使用混凝土主要就是利用它的较好的抗压强度。混凝土的强度等级是用其抗压强度来划分的。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="抗拉強度"><span id=".E6.8A.97.E6.8B.89.E5.BC.B7.E5.BA.A6"></span>抗拉強度</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=33" title="编辑章节：抗拉強度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>通常為抗壓強度的1/10~1/8，現有3種試驗方法。1.點載重彎曲荷重法。2.劈列抗拉。3.直接拉伸。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="稠度和坍度"><span id=".E7.A8.A0.E5.BA.A6.E5.92.8C.E5.9D.8D.E5.BA.A6"></span>稠度和坍度</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=34" title="编辑章节：稠度和坍度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>稠度是混凝土濕度或流動性的一種度量。稠度是以坍度試驗來測量。而試驗的結果稱之為坍度。混凝土的坍度越小，越不易流動，工作度越差，容易發生拆模後混凝土結構體表面產生蜂窩。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="抗滲強度"><span id=".E6.8A.97.E6.BB.B2.E5.BC.B7.E5.BA.A6"></span>抗滲強度</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=35" title="编辑章节：抗滲強度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>抗滲混凝土是指具有防滲水效果的混凝土。常通過添加引氣劑製作。 </p><p>在某一些工程例如：地下隧道，會要求混凝土除了具有一定的抗壓強度外，還會要求混凝土具有一定的抗滲強度，以避免滲水對建築內部的物體造成損害。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="配比"><span id=".E9.85.8D.E6.AF.94"></span>配比</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=36" title="编辑章节：配比"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>混凝土依照其組成成分比例的不同，會有不同的性質。各項材料的比例稱為配比。在設計配比時必須考慮到混凝土的用途而有強度、耐久性、工作性、經濟性和生態性等主要考量。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="強度"><span id=".E5.BC.B7.E5.BA.A6"></span>強度</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=37" title="编辑章节：強度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>混凝土為現代主要<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%9C%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="土木">土木</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" class="mw-redirect" title="建築">建築</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-disambig" title="工程">工程</a>材料之一，通常被設計來承受載重，因此在土木建築工程的運用上，配比將抗壓強度作為主要考量。通常大於15 N/mm<sup>2</sup>。中國大陸現行《混凝土結構設計規範》（GB50010-2010）規定：用於結構構件的混凝土強度為20 N/mm<sup>2</sup>~80 N/mm<sup>2</sup>（20兆帕~80兆帕）。混凝土強度（包括這裡指的強度）一般均指混凝土抗壓強度。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="耐久性"><span id=".E8.80.90.E4.B9.85.E6.80.A7"></span>耐久性</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=38" title="编辑章节：耐久性"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>耐久性在普通情況下﹐混凝土具有良好的耐久性。但在寒冷地區﹐特別是在水位變化的工程部位以及在飽水狀態下受到頻繁的凍融交替作用時﹐混凝土易於損壞。為此對混凝土要有一定的抗凍性要求。用於不透水的工程時﹐要求混凝土具有良好的抗滲性和耐蝕性。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="工作性"><span id=".E5.B7.A5.E4.BD.9C.E6.80.A7"></span>工作性</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=39" title="编辑章节：工作性"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>對一般混凝土施工而言，如果混凝土太乾黏，則施工不易，容易產生蜂窩，甚者易使現場工人為施工便利而私自加水，導致設計強度（水灰比）走樣。高性能混凝土具有高流動的特性，可以縮短工期、節省人力及簡化施工作業等。高工作性包括容易施工、沒有析離、容易粉光、或後續的處理簡易。假設工作性良好，自然就不會擅自加水，一旦不會加水，混凝土品質就能夠獲得較大的保障。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="經濟性"><span id=".E7.B6.93.E6.BF.9F.E6.80.A7"></span>經濟性</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=40" title="编辑章节：經濟性"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>高性能混凝土的經濟性建立在水泥的強度效益、高生命週期、易施工之低成本上。目前臺灣的混凝土每一公斤的水泥約只能發揮0.7 kg/cm<sup>2</sup>的強度，而文獻上最佳的效率則是每公斤水泥可發揮7kg/cm<sup>2</sup>的強度。目前中國高性能混凝土規範則規定每公斤水泥應可發揮至少1.4 kg/cm<sup>2</sup>的強度(此計算方法為經驗計算所得出之結果，並無法代表真實情況。且混凝土強度變化原因繁雜，不可使用單一原料判定。)。高性能混凝土雖比傳統混凝土多加化學摻料及波特蘭材料，由材料的觀點來看，其初始製造費用，的確比傳統混凝土高，但從改善工作性、提高早期強度、提高結構耐久性、降低施工費用，節省工時、提高力學性能，減少構件尺寸與斷面等所得之效益，不僅可彌補混凝土之價差，且更具經濟效益。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="生態性"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E6.85.8B.E6.80.A7"></span>生態性</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=41" title="编辑章节：生態性"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>由於現代多數使用普通矽酸鹽水泥作為混凝土中的膠結性材料，在普通矽酸鹽水泥的製造過程中，需要大量的<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E8%83%BD" title="热能">熱能</a>，造成排放許多的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a>，因此在設計配比時，減少普通硅酸盐水泥用量可以增進混凝土的生態性。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="使用流程"><span id=".E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8.E6.B5.81.E7.A8.8B"></span>使用流程</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=42" title="编辑章节：使用流程"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="拌合"><span id=".E6.8B.8C.E5.90.88"></span>拌合</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=43" title="编辑章节：拌合"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>混凝土在使用時，必須將各種材料經過適當混合、攪拌的程序稱為拌合。拌合後尚未硬固且具有可塑性的混凝土稱為新鮮混凝土 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="拌合機具"><span id=".E6.8B.8C.E5.90.88.E6.A9.9F.E5.85.B7"></span>拌合機具</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=44" title="编辑章节：拌合機具"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%B7%E5%88%B6%E5%BC%8F%E6%8B%8C%E5%90%88%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="強制式拌合機（页面不存在）">強制式拌合機</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="預拌混凝土"><span id=".E9.A0.90.E6.8B.8C.E6.B7.B7.E5.87.9D.E5.9C.9F"></span>預拌混凝土</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=45" title="编辑章节：預拌混凝土"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%90%85%E6%8B%8C%E8%BD%A6" title="混凝土搅拌车">混凝土攪拌車</a></div> <p>因應工程實際需要，於工廠或工地大量拌合新鮮混凝土再運送至澆注場所，由於使用專用機具與專業人員來操作拌合程序，因此較能確保混凝土品質。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="浇筑"><span id=".E6.B5.87.E7.AD.91"></span>浇筑</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=46" title="编辑章节：浇筑"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>將具有可塑性的新鮮混凝土注入模型內以在混凝土硬固後形成各種形狀之<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="結構物">結構物</a>的手續稱為浇筑。在中国大陆，浇筑混凝土也常被简称为“打灰”。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="搗實"><span id=".E6.90.97.E5.AF.A6"></span>搗實</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=47" title="编辑章节：搗實"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>為使具有一定黏稠性的新鮮混凝土可以順利的充滿模型內，以人為的方式加以震動或攪拌，以排除氣泡降低硬固後混凝土的孔隙。 </p><p>常見搗實工具： </p> <ul><li>　震動棒</li> <li>　內部震動器</li> <li>　搗棒</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="養護"><span id=".E9.A4.8A.E8.AD.B7"></span>養護</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=48" title="编辑章节：養護"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>混凝土浇築后12小时内应覆盖保湿养护，养护时间至少7天，以保证混凝土中的水泥水化反应所需水份。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="一般工程常見的混凝土"><span id=".E4.B8.80.E8.88.AC.E5.B7.A5.E7.A8.8B.E5.B8.B8.E8.A6.8B.E7.9A.84.E6.B7.B7.E5.87.9D.E5.9C.9F"></span>一般工程常見的混凝土</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=49" title="编辑章节：一般工程常見的混凝土"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%BC%E7%AD%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="鋼筋混凝土">鋼筋混凝土</a>：在混凝土中安置<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%BC%E7%AD%8B" title="鋼筋">鋼筋</a>，主要用於一般房屋建築物。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8B%BC%E9%AA%A8%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鋼骨混凝土（页面不存在）">鋼骨混凝土</a>：以<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="鋼">鋼</a>材替代大部分鋼筋，增強抵抗外力的韌性，用於高樓建築物。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%90%E5%8A%9B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="預力混凝土">預力混凝土</a>：使用預力鋼鍵，主要應用於長跨<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%8B%E6%A8%91" class="mw-redirect" title="橋樑">橋樑</a>，部分房屋建築也有使用。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BC%95%E8%B3%AA%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="輕質混凝土（页面不存在）">輕質混凝土</a>：使用較輕的人造骨材，用在隔熱、隔音，可降構材載重。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E8%B3%AA%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重質混凝土（页面不存在）">重質混凝土</a>：用於防護<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%AD%90" title="核子">核子</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%BB%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="輻射">輻射</a>，用於<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E9%99%A2" title="醫院">醫院</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%83%BD%E9%9B%BB%E5%BB%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="核能電廠">核能電廠</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%90%E9%91%84%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="預鑄混凝土">預鑄混凝土</a>：先在工廠完成灌鑄工作，再運至工址進行安裝，應用範圍很廣。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A0%90%E6%8B%8C%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="預拌混凝土（页面不存在）">預拌混凝土</a>：混凝土在設備完善的工廠中先拌合好，再運送至工址使用，多為一般工程所使用。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BB%BE%E5%A3%93%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="滾壓混凝土（页面不存在）">滾壓混凝土</a>：用於<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9D%9D" class="mw-disambig" title="大坝">大壩</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="道路">道路</a>施工。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%99%B4%E5%B0%84%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="噴射混凝土（页面不存在）">噴射混凝土</a>：用於襯工、保護、及維修工程。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="常見分類"><span id=".E5.B8.B8.E8.A6.8B.E5.88.86.E9.A1.9E"></span>常見分類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=50" title="编辑章节：常見分類"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>依照市面上製售的混凝土，分類與水泥一樣，也就是依使用的水泥調和的種類來區分。 </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="普通混凝土（页面不存在）">普通混凝土</a>：常見的混凝土，其使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="水泥">水泥</a>為第一型<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="波特蘭水泥">波特蘭水泥</a>。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E5%BC%B7%E5%9E%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加強型混凝土（页面不存在）">加強型混凝土</a>：使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="水泥">水泥</a>為第二型<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="波特蘭水泥">波特蘭水泥</a>，多了抗鹼力。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A9%E5%BC%B7%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="早強混凝土（页面不存在）">早強混凝土</a>：使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="水泥">水泥</a>為第三型<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="波特蘭水泥">波特蘭水泥</a>，能在28日之前就能將強度發揮到極強的程度，適於救災搶修道路。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%8E%E7%86%B1%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="低熱混凝土（页面不存在）">低熱混凝土</a>：使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="水泥">水泥</a>為第四型<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="波特蘭水泥">波特蘭水泥</a>，與第三型正好相反，又稱為「巨積混凝土」，最佳強度為第29日之後，常用於<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%8B%E5%A2%A9" title="橋墩">橋墩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B5%E6%B4%9E" title="涵洞">涵洞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93" title="隧道">隧道</a>基底。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%97%E7%A1%AB%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="抗硫混凝土（页面不存在）">抗硫混凝土</a>：使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="水泥">水泥</a>為第五型<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="波特蘭水泥">波特蘭水泥</a>，濱海建築專門使用，能抗海風。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=51" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Concrete" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Concrete"><span style="font-weight:bold;">混凝土</span></a></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%BC%E7%AD%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="鋼筋混凝土">鋼筋混凝土</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%90%E5%8A%9B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="預力混凝土">預力混凝土</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%B0%B4%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="清水混凝土">清水混凝土</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%AF%E7%B1%B3%E7%A0%82%E6%BC%BF" title="糯米砂漿">糯米砂漿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="水泥">水泥</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&section=52" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mt.sohu.com/20150922/n421821723.shtml">“砼”字的来历你知道吗？</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-01-06</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170106102304/http://mt.sohu.com/20150922/n421821723.shtml">存档</a>于2017-01-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&rft.btitle=%E2%80%9C%E7%A0%BC%E2%80%9D%E5%AD%97%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A5%E5%8E%86%E4%BD%A0%E7%9F%A5%E9%81%93%E5%90%97%EF%BC%9F&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmt.sohu.com%2F20150922%2Fn421821723.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nachi.org-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nachi.org_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From The History of Concrete - InterNACHI <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nachi.org/history-of-concrete.htm#ixzz31V47Zuuj">http://www.nachi.org/history-of-concrete.htm#ixzz31V47Zuuj</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190824061202/http://www.nachi.org/history-of-concrete.htm#ixzz31V47Zuuj">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xibei.ifeng.com/news/zonghe/detail_2015_02/25/3584057_0.shtml">大地湾遗迹之最——中国最早的混凝土</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-08-31</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304104951/http://xibei.ifeng.com/news/zonghe/detail_2015_02/25/3584057_0.shtml">存档</a>于2016-03-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&rft.btitle=%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%B0%E6%B9%BE%E9%81%97%E8%BF%B9%E4%B9%8B%E6%9C%80%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%80%E6%97%A9%E7%9A%84%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fxibei.ifeng.com%2Fnews%2Fzonghe%2Fdetail_2015_02%2F25%2F3584057_0.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output 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a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93%E8%88%87%E5%B7%B7%E9%81%93" title="Template:街道與巷道"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93%E8%88%87%E5%B7%B7%E9%81%93" title="Template talk:街道與巷道"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93%E8%88%87%E5%B7%B7%E9%81%93" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:街道與巷道"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="街道與巷道" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">街道與巷道</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="道路類型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Types of road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道路類型（页面不存在）">道路類型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_road" class="extiw" title="en:Types of road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Types of road</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="快速道路">封閉式道路</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%A1%8C%E8%BB%8A%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="自行車高速公路">自行車高速公路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="高速公路">高速公路</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="分隔式道路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dual carriageway"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E9%9A%94%E5%BC%8F%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分隔式道路（页面不存在）">雙向分隔道路 / 分線公路 / 快速道路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual_carriageway" class="extiw" title="en:Dual carriageway"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dual carriageway</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%B6%E7%A9%BA%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="架空道路">高架路</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%84%E5%9C%8B%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="Category:各國高速公路">國家、地區</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="澳大利亞高速公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Highways in Australia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="澳大利亞高速公路（页面不存在）">澳大利亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highways_in_Australia" class="extiw" title="en:Highways in Australia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Highways in Australia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴西高速公路系統" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Brazilian Highway System"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴西高速公路系統（页面不存在）">巴西</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Highway_System" class="extiw" title="en:Brazilian Highway System"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Brazilian Highway System</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="加拿大公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Roads in Canada"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加拿大公路（页面不存在）">加拿大</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roads_in_Canada" class="extiw" title="en:Roads in Canada"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Roads in Canada</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="中华人民共和国高速公路">中华人民共和国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93%E5%90%8D%E7%A8%B1" title="香港特色街道名稱">香港</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="克羅埃西亞高速公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Highways in Croatia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E5%9F%83%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="克羅埃西亞高速公路（页面不存在）">克羅埃西亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highways_in_Croatia" class="extiw" title="en:Highways in Croatia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Highways in Croatia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="捷克高速公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Highways in the Czech Republic"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="捷克高速公路（页面不存在）">捷克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highways_in_the_Czech_Republic" class="extiw" title="en:Highways in the Czech Republic"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Highways in the Czech Republic</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="德國高速公路">德國</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="希臘高速公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Highways in Greece"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希臘高速公路（页面不存在）">希臘</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highways_in_Greece" class="extiw" title="en:Highways in Greece"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Highways in Greece</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Roads in India"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度公路（页面不存在）">印度</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roads_in_India" class="extiw" title="en:Roads in India"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Roads in India</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="高品質雙向分隔道路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="High-quality dual carriageway"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E5%93%81%E8%B3%AA%E9%9B%99%E5%90%91%E5%88%86%E9%9A%94%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高品質雙向分隔道路（页面不存在）">愛爾蘭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-quality_dual_carriageway" class="extiw" title="en:High-quality dual carriageway"><span lang="en" dir="auto">High-quality dual carriageway</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="義大利高速公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Autostrade of Italy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="義大利高速公路（页面不存在）">義大利</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrade_of_Italy" class="extiw" title="en:Autostrade of Italy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Autostrade of Italy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴基斯坦公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Roads in Pakistan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴基斯坦公路（页面不存在）">巴基斯坦</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roads_in_Pakistan" class="extiw" title="en:Roads in Pakistan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Roads in Pakistan</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="葡萄牙公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Roads in Portugal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="葡萄牙公路（页面不存在）">葡萄牙</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roads_in_Portugal" class="extiw" title="en:Roads in Portugal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Roads in Portugal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="西班牙高速公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Highways in Spain"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西班牙高速公路（页面不存在）">西班牙</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highways_in_Spain" class="extiw" title="en:Highways in Spain"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Highways in Spain</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="臺灣公路">中華民國（臺灣）</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="英國公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Roads in the United Kingdom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英國公路（页面不存在）">英國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roads_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Roads in the United Kingdom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Roads in the United Kingdom</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%BC%96%E5%8F%B7%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="美国的编号公路">美国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主要道路</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%B9%B9%E8%B7%AF" title="主幹路">主幹路</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="連絡道路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Collector road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%A3%E7%B5%A1%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="連絡道路（页面不存在）">連絡道路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collector_road" class="extiw" title="en:Collector road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Collector road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="縣級公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="County highway"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%A3%E7%B4%9A%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="縣級公路（页面不存在）">縣級公路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_highway" class="extiw" title="en:County highway"><span lang="en" dir="auto">County highway</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Local-express lanes" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Local-express lanes"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local-express_lanes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local-express lanes（页面不存在）">Express-collector setup</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local-express_lanes" class="extiw" title="en:Local-express lanes"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Local-express lanes</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="村集道路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Farm-to-market road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%91%E9%9B%86%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="村集道路（页面不存在）">村集道路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farm-to-market_road" class="extiw" title="en:Farm-to-market road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Farm-to-market road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="公路">公路</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="連接道路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Link road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%A3%E6%8E%A5%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="連接道路（页面不存在）">連接道路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_road" class="extiw" title="en:Link road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Link road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="雙車道快速道路">雙車道快速道路</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2+1 road" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="2+1 road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2%2B1_road&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2+1 road（页面不存在）">2+1 road</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2%2B1_road" class="extiw" title="en:2+1 road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">2+1 road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2+2 road" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="2+2 road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2%2B2_road&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2+2 road（页面不存在）">2+2 road</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2%2B2_road" class="extiw" title="en:2+2 road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">2+2 road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%94%AD%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="林蔭公路">林蔭公路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E8%B7%AF" title="环路">环路</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Super two" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Super two"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Super_two&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Super two（页面不存在）">Super two</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_two" class="extiw" title="en:Super two"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Super two</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%B9%B2%E9%81%93" title="主干道">主干道</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="各國公路系統列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Highway systems by country"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%84%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="各國公路系統列表（页面不存在）">各國公路系統列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highway_systems_by_country" class="extiw" title="en:Highway systems by country"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Highway systems by country</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">地方道路</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巷道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Alley"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B7%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巷道（页面不存在）">巷道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alley" class="extiw" title="en:Alley"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Alley</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%90%8C" title="胡同">胡同</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%94%AD%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%93" title="林蔭大道">林蔭大道</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="便道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Backroad"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BE%BF%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="便道（页面不存在）">便道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backroad" class="extiw" title="en:Backroad"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Backroad</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自行車大道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bicycle boulevard"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E8%A1%8C%E8%BB%8A%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自行車大道（页面不存在）">自行車大道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_boulevard" class="extiw" title="en:Bicycle boulevard"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bicycle boulevard</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鄉村車道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Country lane"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%84%89%E6%9D%91%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鄉村車道（页面不存在）">鄉村車道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country_lane" class="extiw" title="en:Country lane"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Country lane</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E8%B7%AF" title="死路">死路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%81%E5%AE%B6%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93" title="私家車道">私家車道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E8%B7%AF" title="辅路">辅路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BF%E9%81%93" title="绿道">綠道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%97" title="大街">大街</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Primitive road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土路（页面不存在）">土路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive_road" class="extiw" title="en:Primitive road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Primitive road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="道路">道路</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="支道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Side road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%AF%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="支道（页面不存在）">支道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side_road" class="extiw" title="en:Side road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Side road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="單幅公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Single carriageway"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E5%B9%85%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="單幅公路（页面不存在）">單幅公路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_carriageway" class="extiw" title="en:Single carriageway"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Single carriageway</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="單車道路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Single-track road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="單車道路（页面不存在）">單車道路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-track_road" class="extiw" title="en:Single-track road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Single-track road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93" title="街道">街道</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="低塹道路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sunken lane"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%8E%E5%A1%B9%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="低塹道路（页面不存在）">低塹道路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunken_lane" class="extiw" title="en:Sunken lane"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sunken lane</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其它術語</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="渠化交通" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Channelization (roads)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%A0%E5%8C%96%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="渠化交通（页面不存在）">渠化交通</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channelization_(roads)" class="extiw" title="en:Channelization (roads)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Channelization (roads)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E7%B7%9A_(%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF)" title="共線 (道路)">共線</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="改道 (道路)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Detour"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%B9%E9%81%93_(%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="改道 (道路)（页面不存在）">改道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detour" class="extiw" title="en:Detour"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Detour</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="道路等級" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Road hierarchy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E7%AD%89%E7%B4%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道路等級（页面不存在）">道路等級</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_hierarchy" class="extiw" title="en:Road hierarchy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Road hierarchy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="私有公路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Private highway"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%81%E6%9C%89%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="私有公路（页面不存在）">私有公路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_highway" class="extiw" title="en:Private highway"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Private highway</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="道路編號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Route number"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E7%B7%A8%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道路編號（页面不存在）">道路編號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route_number" class="extiw" title="en:Route number"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Route number</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="特殊路線" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Special route"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E8%B7%AF%E7%B7%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="特殊路線（页面不存在）">特殊路線</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_route" class="extiw" title="en:Special route"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Special route</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="商業路線" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Business route"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD%E8%B7%AF%E7%B7%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="商業路線（页面不存在）">商業路線</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_route" class="extiw" title="en:Business route"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Business route</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="街道等級" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Street hierarchy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93%E7%AD%89%E7%B4%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="街道等級（页面不存在）">街道等級</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_hierarchy" class="extiw" title="en:Street hierarchy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Street hierarchy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B6%E8%B2%BB%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="收費道路">收費道路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%97%E5%8D%80%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="街區公路">街區公路</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E4%BA%A4%E5%8F%89" title="道路交叉">道路交叉</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%81%93" title="交流道">互通立交</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E7%AB%8B%E9%AB%94%E5%8C%96" title="交通立體化">立體</a>)</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="苜蓿葉型交流道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cloverleaf interchange"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%9C%E8%93%BF%E8%91%89%E5%9E%8B%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苜蓿葉型交流道（页面不存在）">苜蓿葉型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloverleaf_interchange" class="extiw" title="en:Cloverleaf interchange"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cloverleaf interchange</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B1%E5%BD%A2%E7%AB%8B%E4%BA%A4" title="菱形立交">菱形</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Free-flow interchange" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Free-flow interchange"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free-flow_interchange&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free-flow interchange（页面不存在）">Free-flow</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-flow_interchange" class="extiw" title="en:Free-flow interchange"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Free-flow interchange</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%81%93#Y型" title="交流道">Y型</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="分叉式鑽石型交流道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Diverging diamond interchange"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E5%8F%89%E5%BC%8F%E9%91%BD%E7%9F%B3%E5%9E%8B%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分叉式鑽石型交流道（页面不存在）">分叉式菱形</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diverging_diamond_interchange" class="extiw" title="en:Diverging diamond interchange"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Diverging diamond interchange</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="部份苜蓿葉型交流道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="partial cloverleaf interchange"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A8%E4%BB%BD%E8%8B%9C%E8%93%BF%E8%91%89%E5%9E%8B%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="部份苜蓿葉型交流道（页面不存在）">部份苜蓿葉型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/partial_cloverleaf_interchange" class="extiw" title="en:partial cloverleaf interchange"><span lang="en" dir="auto">partial cloverleaf interchange</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雨滴式交流道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Raindrop interchange"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%A8%E6%BB%B4%E5%BC%8F%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雨滴式交流道（页面不存在）">雨滴式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raindrop_interchange" class="extiw" title="en:Raindrop interchange"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Raindrop interchange</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="環島型交流道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Roundabout interchange"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%92%B0%E5%B3%B6%E5%9E%8B%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="環島型交流道（页面不存在）">環島型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roundabout_interchange" class="extiw" title="en:Roundabout interchange"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Roundabout interchange</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E9%BB%9E%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E7%AB%8B%E4%BA%A4" title="單點城市立交">單點菱形</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="環狀型交流道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stack interchange"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%92%B0%E7%8B%80%E5%9E%8B%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="環狀型交流道（页面不存在）">環狀型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_interchange" class="extiw" title="en:Stack interchange"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stack interchange</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="三級鑽石型交流道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Three-level diamond interchange"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E7%B4%9A%E9%91%BD%E7%9F%B3%E5%9E%8B%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三級鑽石型交流道（页面不存在）">三級菱形</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-level_diamond_interchange" class="extiw" title="en:Three-level diamond interchange"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Three-level diamond interchange</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%81%93#喇叭型" title="交流道">喇叭型</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E5%8F%A3" title="路口">路口<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">(平面)</span></a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="三岔路口" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Three-way junction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E5%B2%94%E8%B7%AF%E5%8F%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三岔路口（页面不存在）">三岔路口</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-way_junction" class="extiw" title="en:Three-way junction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Three-way junction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Bowtie" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bowtie (road)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bowtie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bowtie（页面不存在）">Bowtie</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowtie_(road)" class="extiw" title="en:Bowtie (road)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bowtie (road)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="網狀線路口" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Box junction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%B2%E7%8B%80%E7%B7%9A%E8%B7%AF%E5%8F%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="網狀線路口（页面不存在）">網狀線路口</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Box_junction" class="extiw" title="en:Box junction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Box junction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="連續流交叉口" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Continuous-flow intersection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%A3%E7%BA%8C%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A4%E5%8F%89%E5%8F%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="連續流交叉口（页面不存在）">連續流型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous-flow_intersection" class="extiw" title="en:Continuous-flow intersection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Continuous-flow intersection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E6%AE%B5%E5%BC%8F%E8%BD%89%E5%BD%8E" title="兩段式轉彎">兩段式轉彎</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="壶把道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jughandle"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A3%B6%E6%8A%8A%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="壶把道（页面不存在）">壶把道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jughandle" class="extiw" title="en:Jughandle"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jughandle</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="密歇根左轉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Michigan left"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%86%E6%AD%87%E6%A0%B9%E5%B7%A6%E8%BD%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="密歇根左轉（页面不存在）">密歇根左轉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michigan_left" class="extiw" title="en:Michigan left"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Michigan left</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Offset T-intersection" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Offset T-intersection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Offset_T-intersection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Offset T-intersection（页面不存在）">Offset T-intersection</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offset_T-intersection" class="extiw" title="en:Offset T-intersection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Offset T-intersection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="安全十字路口" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Protected intersection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E8%B7%AF%E5%8F%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安全十字路口（页面不存在）">安全十字路口</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protected_intersection" class="extiw" title="en:Protected intersection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Protected intersection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="象限型道路交叉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Quadrant roadway intersection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1%E9%99%90%E5%9E%8B%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E4%BA%A4%E5%8F%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="象限型道路交叉（页面不存在）">象限型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrant_roadway_intersection" class="extiw" title="en:Quadrant roadway intersection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Quadrant roadway intersection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="右進右出路口" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Right-in/right-out"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B3%E9%80%B2%E5%8F%B3%E5%87%BA%E8%B7%AF%E5%8F%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="右進右出路口（页面不存在）">右進右出</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-in/right-out" class="extiw" title="en:Right-in/right-out"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Right-in/right-out</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%93%E7%92%B0" title="圓環">环岛</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Seagull intersection" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Seagull intersection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seagull_intersection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seagull intersection（页面不存在）">Seagull intersection</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seagull_intersection" class="extiw" title="en:Seagull intersection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Seagull intersection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Split intersection" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Split intersection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Split_intersection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Split intersection（页面不存在）">Split intersection</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Split_intersection" class="extiw" title="en:Split intersection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Split intersection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="U形回转交叉口" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Superstreet"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=U%E5%BD%A2%E5%9B%9E%E8%BD%AC%E4%BA%A4%E5%8F%89%E5%8F%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U形回转交叉口（页面不存在）">U形回转交叉口</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstreet" class="extiw" title="en:Superstreet"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Superstreet</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="德州迴轉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Texas U-turn"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%B7%9E%E8%BF%B4%E8%BD%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德州迴轉（页面不存在）">德州迴轉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_U-turn" class="extiw" title="en:Texas U-turn"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Texas U-turn</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="迴轉區" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Turnaround (road)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%B4%E8%BD%89%E5%8D%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迴轉區（页面不存在）">迴轉區</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnaround_(road)" class="extiw" title="en:Turnaround (road)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Turnaround (road)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E9%9D%A2" title="路面">路面</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%F0%A4%A7%9B%E8%84%82" title="玛𤧛脂">玛𤧛脂</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生物瀝青" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bioasphalt"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%80%9D%E9%9D%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生物瀝青（页面不存在）">生物瀝青</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioasphalt" class="extiw" title="en:Bioasphalt"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bioasphalt</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%9A" title="磚">磚</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="碎石封層" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chipseal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%8E%E7%9F%B3%E5%B0%81%E5%B1%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="碎石封層（页面不存在）">碎石封層</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipseal" class="extiw" title="en:Chipseal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chipseal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B5%9D%E5%8D%B5%E7%9F%B3" title="鵝卵石">鵝卵石</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">混凝土</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A2%E7%AD%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="钢筋混凝土">钢筋混凝土</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="木排道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Corduroy road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%A8%E6%8E%92%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="木排道（页面不存在）">木排道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corduroy_road" class="extiw" title="en:Corduroy road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Corduroy road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鱷皮狀龜裂" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Crocodile cracking"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B1%B7%E7%9A%AE%E7%8B%80%E9%BE%9C%E8%A3%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鱷皮狀龜裂（页面不存在）">鱷皮狀龜裂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodile_cracking" class="extiw" title="en:Crocodile cracking"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Crocodile cracking</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="碎岩石" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Crushed stone"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%8E%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="碎岩石（页面不存在）">碎岩石</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crushed_stone" class="extiw" title="en:Crushed stone"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Crushed stone</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="金剛石研磨路面" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Diamond grinding of pavement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E7%9F%B3%E7%A0%94%E7%A3%A8%E8%B7%AF%E9%9D%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金剛石研磨路面（页面不存在）">金剛石研磨</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_grinding_of_pavement" class="extiw" title="en:Diamond grinding of pavement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Diamond grinding of pavement</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土砂道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dirt road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E7%A0%82%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土砂道（页面不存在）">土砂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirt_road" class="extiw" title="en:Dirt road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dirt road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全厚式再生" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Full depth recycling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E5%8E%9A%E5%BC%8F%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全厚式再生（页面不存在）">全厚式再生</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_depth_recycling" class="extiw" title="en:Full depth recycling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Full depth recycling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="玻璃瀝青" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Glassphalt"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83%E7%80%9D%E9%9D%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="玻璃瀝青（页面不存在）">玻璃瀝青</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glassphalt" class="extiw" title="en:Glassphalt"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Glassphalt</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="礫石路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gravel road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%AB%E7%9F%B3%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="礫石路（页面不存在）">礫石</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravel_road" class="extiw" title="en:Gravel road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gravel road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E8%B7%AF" title="冰路">冰路</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="柏油碎石" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Macadam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%8F%E6%B2%B9%E7%A2%8E%E7%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="柏油碎石（页面不存在）">柏油碎石</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macadam" class="extiw" title="en:Macadam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Macadam</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="路面銑刨機" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pavement milling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AF%E9%9D%A2%E9%8A%91%E5%88%A8%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="路面銑刨機（页面不存在）">路面銑刨機</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavement_milling" class="extiw" title="en:Pavement milling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pavement milling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E6%B0%B4%E6%80%A7%E9%8B%AA%E9%9D%A2" title="透水性鋪面">透水铺装</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="踏板路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Plank road"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B8%8F%E6%9D%BF%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="踏板路（页面不存在）">踏板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plank_road" class="extiw" title="en:Plank road"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Plank road</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="橡膠瀝青" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rubberized asphalt"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%A1%E8%86%A0%E7%80%9D%E9%9D%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="橡膠瀝青（页面不存在）">橡膠瀝青</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubberized_asphalt" class="extiw" title="en:Rubberized asphalt"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rubberized asphalt</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="封層" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sealcoat"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%81%E5%B1%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="封層（页面不存在）">封層</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sealcoat" class="extiw" title="en:Sealcoat"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sealcoat</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鋪路小方石" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sett (paving)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8B%AA%E8%B7%AF%E5%B0%8F%E6%96%B9%E7%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鋪路小方石（页面不存在）">小方石</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sett_(paving)" class="extiw" title="en:Sett (paving)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sett (paving)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="壓印瀝青" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stamped asphalt"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A3%93%E5%8D%B0%E7%80%9D%E9%9D%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="壓印瀝青（页面不存在）">壓印瀝青</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamped_asphalt" class="extiw" title="en:Stamped asphalt"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stamped asphalt</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%80%9D%E9%9D%92%E8%B7%AF%E9%9D%A2" title="瀝青路面">瀝青</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="道路纹理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Road texture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E7%BA%B9%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道路纹理（页面不存在）">纹理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_texture" class="extiw" title="en:Road texture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Road texture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8" title="交通安全">交通安全<br />因素</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">道路與<br />環境</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%BC%82_(%E8%BD%AE%E8%83%8E)" title="水漂 (轮胎)">水漂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%86%B0" title="黑冰">黑冰</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="冒油 (道路)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bleeding (roads)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%92%E6%B2%B9_(%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="冒油 (道路)（页面不存在）">冒油</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleeding_(roads)" class="extiw" title="en:Bleeding (roads)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bleeding (roads)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%B4%E9%A2%A8" title="側風">側風</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="死亡彎道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dead Man's Curve"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1%E5%BD%8E%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="死亡彎道（页面不存在）">死亡彎道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Man%27s_Curve" class="extiw" title="en:Dead Man's Curve"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dead Man's Curve</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%B8%E7%BC%A9%E7%BC%9D" title="伸缩缝">伸缩缝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%A7" title="霧">霧</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%85%E6%BB%A9" title="浅滩">浅滩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%AE%E5%A4%BE%E5%BD%8E" title="髮夾彎">髮夾彎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E4%BA%A4%E9%81%93" title="平交道">平交道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%A8%E4%BA%95%E7%9B%96" title="窨井盖">窨井盖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B9%E5%A4%96%E6%B4%A9" title="油外洩">油外洩</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="大件運輸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Oversize load"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E4%BB%B6%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大件運輸（页面不存在）">大件運輸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oversize_load" class="extiw" title="en:Oversize load"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Oversize load</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E9%99%B7" title="路陷">路陷</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="道路廢物堆" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Road debris"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E5%BB%A2%E7%89%A9%E5%A0%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道路廢物堆（页面不存在）">道路廢物堆</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_debris" class="extiw" title="en:Road debris"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Road debris</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="路滑" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Road slipperiness"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AF%E6%BB%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="路滑（页面不存在）">路滑</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_slipperiness" class="extiw" title="en:Road slipperiness"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Road slipperiness</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BB%8A%E5%88%97%E8%BB%8A" title="汽車列車">汽車列車</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%AE%BA" title="路殺">動物因道路致死現象</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%BD%E7%9F%B3" title="落石">落石</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="車轍 (道路)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rut (roads)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8A%E8%BD%8D_(%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="車轍 (道路)（页面不存在）">車轍</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rut_(roads)" class="extiw" title="en:Rut (roads)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rut (roads)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%8F%E9%80%9F%E5%B8%A6" title="减速带">减速带</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="暴雨排水道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Storm drain"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9A%B4%E9%9B%A8%E6%8E%92%E6%B0%B4%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="暴雨排水道（页面不存在）">暴雨排水道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storm_drain" class="extiw" title="en:Storm drain"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Storm drain</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="搓板现象" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Washboarding"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%90%93%E6%9D%BF%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="搓板现象（页面不存在）">搓板现象</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washboarding" class="extiw" title="en:Washboarding"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Washboarding</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="道路沖潰" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Washout (erosion)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E6%B2%96%E6%BD%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道路沖潰（页面不存在）">道路沖潰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washout_(erosion)" class="extiw" title="en:Washout (erosion)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Washout (erosion)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="白朦天" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Whiteout (weather)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BD%E6%9C%A6%E5%A4%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="白朦天（页面不存在）">白朦天</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whiteout_(weather)" class="extiw" title="en:Whiteout (weather)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Whiteout (weather)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雪颮 (道路)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Snowsquall"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%AA%E9%A2%AE_(%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雪颮 (道路)（页面不存在）">雪颮</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowsquall" class="extiw" title="en:Snowsquall"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Snowsquall</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="交通心理學">人為因素</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A7%95%E9%A7%9B%E4%BA%BA%E8%A8%93%E7%B7%B4%E7%8F%AD" title="駕駛人訓練班">驾驶员培训学校</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E5%BE%8C%E9%A7%95%E9%A7%9B" title="酒後駕駛">酒後駕駛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%80%92%E7%97%87" title="路怒症">路怒症</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="道路碰撞事故類型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Road collision types#Single-vehicle collisions"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E7%A2%B0%E6%92%9E%E4%BA%8B%E6%95%85%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道路碰撞事故類型（页面不存在）">單車碰撞事故</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_collision_types#Single-vehicle_collisions" class="extiw" title="en:Road collision types"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Road collision types#Single-vehicle collisions</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%B2%E5%8A%B3%E9%A9%BE%E9%A9%B6" title="疲劳驾驶">疲劳驾驶</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">車輛</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="車輛安全性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Automotive safety"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8A%E8%BC%9B%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="車輛安全性（页面不存在）">車輛安全性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_safety" class="extiw" title="en:Automotive safety"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Automotive safety</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%A7%E4%BD%8D%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%B8%B6" title="座位安全帶">座位安全帶</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="風險補償#道路運輸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Risk compensation#Road transport"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%A8%E9%9A%AA%E8%A3%9C%E5%84%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="風險補償（页面不存在）">道路運輸風險補償</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_compensation#Road_transport" class="extiw" title="en:Risk compensation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Risk compensation#Road transport</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E6%8E%9B%E5%BC%8F%E5%8D%A1%E8%BB%8A" title="半掛式卡車">防捲入裝置</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A#道路規則" title="交通">空間與<br />時間分配</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Barrier transfer machine" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Barrier transfer machine"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barrier_transfer_machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barrier transfer machine（页面不存在）">Barrier transfer machine</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrier_transfer_machine" class="extiw" title="en:Barrier transfer machine"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Barrier transfer machine</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E8%BB%8A%E5%BE%91" title="單車徑">自行车道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%AC%E5%9D%A1%E8%BD%A6%E9%81%93" title="爬坡车道">爬坡车道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8C%E6%95%B4%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93" title="完整街道">完整街道</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="逆向車道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Contraflow lane"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%86%E5%90%91%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="逆向車道（页面不存在）">逆向車道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraflow_lane" class="extiw" title="en:Contraflow lane"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Contraflow lane</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Contraflow lane reversal" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Contraflow lane reversal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Contraflow_lane_reversal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Contraflow lane reversal（页面不存在）">Contraflow lane reversal</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraflow_lane_reversal" class="extiw" title="en:Contraflow lane reversal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Contraflow lane reversal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="高乘載收費車道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="High-occupancy toll lane"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E4%B9%98%E8%BC%89%E6%94%B6%E8%B2%BB%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高乘載收費車道（页面不存在）">高乘載收費車道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-occupancy_toll_lane" class="extiw" title="en:High-occupancy toll lane"><span lang="en" dir="auto">High-occupancy toll lane</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B9%98%E8%BC%89%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93" title="高乘載車道">高乘載車道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93" title="車道">車道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E5%8C%96%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="生活化道路">生活化道路</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="管理車道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Managed lane"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="管理車道（页面不存在）">管理車道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed_lane" class="extiw" title="en:Managed lane"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Managed lane</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%9A%94%E5%B8%A6" title="分隔带">分隔 / 中央分車帶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%89%98%E8%BD%A6%E9%81%93" title="摩托车道">摩托车道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E8%BD%A6%E9%81%93" title="超车道">超车道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E4%BA%BA%E7%A9%BF%E8%B6%8A%E9%81%93" title="行人穿越道">人行横道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A5%E8%A1%8C%E8%A1%97" title="步行街">步行街</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%B3%B6" title="安全島">安全島</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%BF%E6%92%A5%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93" title="調撥車道">可变车道</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="道路瘦身" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Road diet"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E7%98%A6%E8%BA%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道路瘦身（页面不存在）">道路瘦身</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_diet" class="extiw" title="en:Road diet"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Road diet</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="路旁草坪" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Road verge"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AF%E6%97%81%E8%8D%89%E5%9D%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="路旁草坪（页面不存在）">路旁草坪</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_verge" class="extiw" title="en:Road verge"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Road verge</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BF%E9%99%A9%E8%BD%A6%E9%81%93" title="避险车道">避险车道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93" title="共享空間">共享空間</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%8C%E9%81%93" title="人行道">人行道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E8%82%A9" title="路肩">路肩</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Street running train" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Street running railway"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Street_running_train&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Street running train（页面不存在）">Street running train</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_running_railway" class="extiw" title="en:Street running railway"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Street running railway</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%AF%A7%E9%9D%9C%E5%8C%96" title="交通寧靜化">交通寧靜化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E9%80%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%96%B9%E5%90%91" title="道路通行方向">交通方向性</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="交通安全島" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Traffic island"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%B3%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="交通安全島（页面不存在）">交通安全島</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_island" class="extiw" title="en:Traffic island"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Traffic island</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="交通信号优先权" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Traffic signal preemption"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E4%BC%98%E5%85%88%E6%9D%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="交通信号优先权（页面不存在）">交通信号优先权</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_signal_preemption" class="extiw" title="en:Traffic signal preemption"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Traffic signal preemption</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Unused highway" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Unused highway"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unused_highway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unused highway（页面不存在）">Unused highway</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unused_highway" class="extiw" title="en:Unused highway"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Unused highway</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="寬闊外側車道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Wide outside lane"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%AC%E9%97%8A%E5%A4%96%E5%81%B4%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="寬闊外側車道（页面不存在）">寬闊外側車道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide_outside_lane" class="extiw" title="en:Wide outside lane"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wide outside lane</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="共享街道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Woonerf"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="共享街道（页面不存在）">共享街道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woonerf" class="extiw" title="en:Woonerf"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Woonerf</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E5%BE%91" title="共享徑">共享徑</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">劃界</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="繫纜樁" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bollard"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B9%AB%E7%BA%9C%E6%A8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="繫纜樁（页面不存在）">護柱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bollard" class="extiw" title="en:Bollard"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bollard</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="博斯点" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Botts' dots"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%9A%E6%96%AF%E7%82%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="博斯点（页面不存在）">博斯点</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botts%27_dots" class="extiw" title="en:Botts' dots"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Botts' dots</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="缆索护栏" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cable barrier"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BC%86%E7%B4%A2%E6%8A%A4%E6%A0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="缆索护栏（页面不存在）">缆索护栏</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_barrier" class="extiw" title="en:Cable barrier"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cable barrier</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%93%E7%9C%BC_(%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A)" title="貓眼 (交通)">貓眼</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="階梯式混凝土護欄" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete step barrier"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9A%8E%E6%A2%AF%E5%BC%8F%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E8%AD%B7%E6%AC%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="階梯式混凝土護欄（页面不存在）">階梯式混凝土護欄</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_step_barrier" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete step barrier"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete step barrier</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Constant-slope barrier" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Constant-slope barrier"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constant-slope_barrier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constant-slope barrier（页面不存在）">Constant-slope barrier</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constant-slope_barrier" class="extiw" title="en:Constant-slope barrier"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Constant-slope barrier</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E7%B7%A3" title="路緣">路緣</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="F型護欄" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="F-shape barrier"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%E5%9E%8B%E8%AD%B7%E6%AC%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F型護欄（页面不存在）">F型護欄</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-shape_barrier" class="extiw" title="en:F-shape barrier"><span lang="en" dir="auto">F-shape barrier</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%84%E6%9D%86" title="欄杆">欄杆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E6%BE%A4%E8%A5%BF%E8%AD%B7%E6%AC%84" title="紐澤西護欄">新泽西护栏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%9E%E7%88%BE%E7%B7%A3%E7%9F%B3" title="卡塞爾緣石">卡塞尔缘石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%94%E9%9F%B3%E5%B1%8F%E9%9A%9C" title="隔音屏障">隔音屏障</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E9%92%89" title="道钉">道钉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E6%A0%87%E7%BA%BF" title="道路交通标线">道路標線</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="減速振動帶" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rumble strip"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%9B%E9%80%9F%E6%8C%AF%E5%8B%95%E5%B8%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="減速振動帶（页面不存在）">減速振動帶</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumble_strip" class="extiw" title="en:Rumble strip"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rumble strip</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E6%8A%A4%E6%A0%8F" title="交通护栏">交通护栏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E9%8C%90" title="交通錐">交通錐</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">結構</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%8B" title="橋">橋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%A4%E8%B7%AF" title="堤路">堤路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%B6%E7%A9%BA%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="架空道路">高架道路 / 天橋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93" title="隧道">地下道 / 隧道</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">性能指標</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="路面狀況指數" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pavement condition index"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AF%E9%9D%A2%E7%8B%80%E6%B3%81%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="路面狀況指數（页面不存在）">路面狀況指數</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavement_condition_index" class="extiw" title="en:Pavement condition index"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pavement condition index</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E7%B3%99%E5%BA%A6%E6%8C%87%E6%A8%99" title="國際糙度指標">國際糙度指標</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="現況服務效用指數" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Present serviceability index"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8F%BE%E6%B3%81%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E6%95%88%E7%94%A8%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="現況服務效用指數（页面不存在）">現況服務效用指數</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_serviceability_index" class="extiw" title="en:Present serviceability index"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Present serviceability index</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="路面性能建模" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pavement performance modeling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AF%E9%9D%A2%E6%80%A7%E8%83%BD%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="路面性能建模（页面不存在）">路面性能建模</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavement_performance_modeling" class="extiw" title="en:Pavement performance modeling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pavement performance modeling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="颗粒基当量" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Granular base equivalency"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%97%E7%B2%92%E5%9F%BA%E5%BD%93%E9%87%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="颗粒基当量（页面不存在）">颗粒基当量</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granular_base_equivalency" class="extiw" title="en:Granular base equivalency"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Granular base equivalency</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="道路運輸術語列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Glossary of road transport terms"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8%E8%A1%93%E8%AA%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道路運輸術語列表（页面不存在）">道路運輸術語列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_road_transport_terms" class="extiw" title="en:Glossary of road transport terms"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Glossary of road transport terms</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="按功能劃分道路類型列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of road types by features"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8C%89%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E5%8A%83%E5%88%86%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="按功能劃分道路類型列表（页面不存在）">按功能劃分道路類型列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_road_types_by_features" class="extiw" title="en:List of road types by features"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of road types by features</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22657#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22657#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22657#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Béton"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11931040z">法国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span 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