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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Capitalization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Capitalization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chords,_progressions,_and_figured_bass" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chords,_progressions,_and_figured_bass"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Chords, progressions, and figured bass</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chords,_progressions,_and_figured_bass-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classical_music_titles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classical_music_titles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Classical music titles</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Classical_music_titles-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Classical music titles subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Classical_music_titles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Opus,_work,_and_measure_numbers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opus,_work,_and_measure_numbers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Opus, work, and measure numbers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opus,_work,_and_measure_numbers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abbreviations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abbreviations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Abbreviations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abbreviations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discographies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discographies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Discographies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discographies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equivalent_terms_in_different_varieties_of_English" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equivalent_terms_in_different_varieties_of_English"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Equivalent terms in different varieties of English</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Equivalent_terms_in_different_varieties_of_English-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Images_and_notation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Images_and_notation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Images and notation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Images_and_notation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italian_music_terms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italian_music_terms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Italian music terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italian_music_terms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Lists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lyrics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lyrics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Lyrics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lyrics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_and_minor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_and_minor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Major and minor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_and_minor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Names_(definite_article)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Names_(definite_article)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Names (definite article)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Names_(definite_article)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Names_(non-English)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Names_(non-English)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Names (non-English)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Names_(non-English)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Names_of_organizations_and_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Names_of_organizations_and_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Names of organizations and institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Names_of_organizations_and_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nationality_(biographies)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nationality_(biographies)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Nationality (biographies)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nationality_(biographies)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Popular music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popular_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stringed_instrument_tunings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stringed_instrument_tunings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Stringed instrument tunings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stringed_instrument_tunings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tables" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tables"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Tables</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tables-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Track_listing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Track_listing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>Track listing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Track_listing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_music_articles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_music_articles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20</span> <span>Types of music articles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types_of_music_articles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21</span> <span>Usage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">22</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">23</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">23.1</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">23.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_de_estilo/M%C3%BAsica" title="Wikipedia:Manual de estilo/Música – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wikipedia:Manual de estilo/Música" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C" title="ویکی‌پدیا:شیوه‌نامه/موسیقی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:شیوه‌نامه/موسیقی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a 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id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="subpages">< <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Wikipedia:Manual of Style</a></bdi></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Manual of Style for music-related articles</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/30px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/45px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/60px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 5px;"><b>This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines#guide" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">guideline</a> is a part of the English Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Manual of Style</a>.</b><br/><div style="font-size: 90%;"> It is a generally 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.sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Manual of Style (MoS)</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><div class="mw-inputbox-centered" style=""><form name="searchbox" class="searchbox mw-inputbox-form" action="/wiki/Special:Search" id="style-searchbox"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input class="mw-inputbox-input mw-searchInput searchboxInput cdx-text-input__input" name="search" placeholder="" size="25" dir="ltr"/></div><input type="hidden" value="Wikipedia:Manual of Style" name="prefix"/><br/><input type="submit" name="fulltext" value="Search the MoS" class="cdx-button"/><input type="hidden" value="Search" name="fulltext"/></form></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(content)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (content)">Content</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Accessibility" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Biography" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Biography">Biography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Disambiguation_pages" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Disambiguation pages">Disambiguation pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Organizing_disambiguation_pages_by_subject_area" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Organizing disambiguation pages by subject area">Organizing by subject</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Gender_identity" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Gender identity">Gender identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Hidden_text" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Hidden text">Hidden text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Infoboxes" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Infoboxes">Infoboxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Linking" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking">Linking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Self-references_to_avoid" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Self-references to avoid">Self-references</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">Words to watch</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(formatting)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (formatting)">Formatting</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Abbreviations" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Abbreviations">Abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Capital_letters" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Capital letters">Capitalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">Dates and numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Pronunciation" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation">Pronunciation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Spelling" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Spelling">Spelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Text_formatting" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Text formatting">Text formatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Titles_of_works" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles of works">Titles of works</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(images)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (images)">Images</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Captions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Captions">Captions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Image_use_policy#Adding_images_to_articles" title="Wikipedia:Image use policy">Image placement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Icons" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Icons">Icons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Images" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Images">Images</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(layout)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (layout)">Layout</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout">Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">Lead section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Tables" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Tables">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Trivia_sections" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Trivia sections">Trivia sections</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(lists)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (lists)">Lists</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists_of_works" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists of works">Lists of works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Road_junction_lists" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Road junction lists">Road junctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stand-alone_lists" title="Wikipedia:Stand-alone lists">Stand-alone lists</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)">By topic area</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(legal)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (legal)">Legal</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Legal" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Legal">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Trademarks" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Trademarks">Trademarks</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(arts)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (arts)">Arts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Anime_and_manga" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Anime and manga">Anime and manga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Comics" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Comics">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Film" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Film">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lyrics_and_poetry" title="Wikipedia:Lyrics and poetry">Lyrics and poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Novels" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Novels">Novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Television" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Television">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Video_games" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Video games">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Visual_arts" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Visual arts">Visual arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Writing_about_fiction" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Writing about fiction">Writing about fiction</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(music)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (music)">Music</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music_samples" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Music samples">Music samples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Record_charts" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Record charts">Record charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Stringed_instrument_tunings" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Stringed instrument tunings">Stringed instruments</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(history)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (history)">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Blazon" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Blazon">Blazons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Military_history" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Military history">Military history</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(regional)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (regional)">Regional</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(geographic_names)#Specific_topics" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names)">Specific naming conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Canada-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Canada-related articles">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/China-_and_Chinese-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/China- and Chinese-related articles">China (and Chinese)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Egypt-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Egypt-related articles">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/France-_and_French-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/France- and French-related articles">France (and French)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Hawaii-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Hawaii-related articles">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/India-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/India-related articles">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Indonesia-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Indonesia-related articles">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Ireland-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Ireland-related articles">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Japan-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Japan-related articles">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Korea-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Korea-related articles">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(Macedonia)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Macedonia)">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Malaysia-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Malaysia-related articles">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Pakistan-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pakistan-related articles">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Philippines-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Philippines-related articles">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Poland-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Poland-related articles">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Singapore-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Singapore-related articles">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Trinidad_and_Tobago/Style_guide" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Trinidad and Tobago/Style guide">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(religion)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (religion)">Religion</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Islam-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Islam-related articles">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Latter_Day_Saints" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Latter Day Saints">Latter Day Saints</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(science)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (science)">Science</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry">Chemistry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry/Compound_classes" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry/Compound classes">Compound classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry/Chemicals" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry/Chemicals">Chemicals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry/References_and_external_links" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry/References and external links">References and external links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry/Safety" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry/Safety">Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry/Structure_drawing" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry/Structure drawing">Structure drawing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Computer_science" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Computer science">Computer science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Mathematics" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Medicine-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Medicine-related articles">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxobox/doc" title="Template:Taxobox/doc">Taxonomy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(sports)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (sports)">Sports</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Cue_sports" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Cue sports">Cue sports</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Snooker" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Snooker">Snooker</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Figure_skating" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Figure skating">Figure skating</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Figure_skating_terminology" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Figure skating terminology">Terminology</a>)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color: #def; color:black; padding-left: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(related_guidelines)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (related guidelines)">Related guidelines</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_size" title="Wikipedia:Article size">Article size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_titles" title="Wikipedia:Article titles">Article titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categories,_lists,_and_navigation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and navigation templates">Categories, lists, and navigation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization" title="Wikipedia:Categorization">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hatnote" title="Wikipedia:Hatnote">Hatnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Subpages" title="Wikipedia:Subpages">Subpages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Make_technical_articles_understandable" title="Wikipedia:Make technical articles understandable">Understandability</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Simplified Manual of Style">Overview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Contents" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Contents">Contents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Styletips" title="Wikipedia:Styletips">Tips</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Style" title="Template:Style"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Style" title="Template talk:Style"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Style" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Style"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>This page of the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Wikipedia:Manual of Style</a> (MoS) for music-related articles and writing about music encourages editors to follow consistent usage and formatting. Other MoS subpages are linked in the menu to the right. If the MoS does not specify a preferred usage, please discuss the issue on the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Manual_of_Style/Music" title="Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Music">talk page</a>. </p><p>Music articles vary in their intended readership: some articles are written for the widest audience of general readers; others, especially those on technical subjects (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Metric_modulation" title="Metric modulation">Metric modulation</a>), are for readers with specialized knowledge. Whenever possible, aim for a broad readership. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Accidentals" data-mw-thread-id="h-Accidentals"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Accidentals"></span>Accidentals<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Accidentals"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Accidentals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When marking up musical accidentals, either use their designated Unicode characters, or spell their names out. Do not use common substitutes, such as <span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">b</span> in place of <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">♭</span>. The <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Music" title="Template:Music">music</a>}}</code> template is recommended for this purpose. For example, <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Music" title="Template:Music">music</a>|natural}}</code> produces <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-natural">♮</span></span>, and <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Music" title="Template:Music">music</a>|doublesharp}}</code> and <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Music" title="Template:Music">music</a>|doubleflat}}</code> produce <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DoubleSharp.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="double sharp"><img alt="double sharp" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/DoubleSharp.svg/7px-DoubleSharp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/DoubleSharp.svg/10px-DoubleSharp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/DoubleSharp.svg/14px-DoubleSharp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6" data-file-height="7"/></a></span></span> and <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Doubleflat.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="double flat"><img alt="double flat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Doubleflat.svg/8px-Doubleflat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Doubleflat.svg/12px-Doubleflat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Doubleflat.svg/16px-Doubleflat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="133" data-file-height="200"/></a></span></span>. <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Music" title="Template:Music">music</a>|halfsharp}}</code><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="half sharp"><img alt="half sharp" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/6px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/9px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg/12px-Arabic_music_notation_half_sharp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="200"/></a></span></span> may be used to notate half-sharps, and either <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Music" title="Template:Music">music</a>|halfflat}}</code><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Llpd-%C2%BD.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="half flat"><img alt="half flat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Llpd-%C2%BD.svg/4px-Llpd-%C2%BD.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Llpd-%C2%BD.svg/7px-Llpd-%C2%BD.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Llpd-%C2%BD.svg/9px-Llpd-%C2%BD.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="77" data-file-height="200"/></a></span></span> or <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Music" title="Template:Music">music</a>|flatstroke}}</code><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arabic_music_notation_half_flat.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="flat stroke"><img alt="flat stroke" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Arabic_music_notation_half_flat.svg/6px-Arabic_music_notation_half_flat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Arabic_music_notation_half_flat.svg/10px-Arabic_music_notation_half_flat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Arabic_music_notation_half_flat.svg/13px-Arabic_music_notation_half_flat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="110" data-file-height="200"/></a></span></span> may be used for half-flats. To maximize compatibility, the template currently uses <a href="/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics" class="mw-redirect" title="Scalable Vector Graphics">SVG</a> instead of the designated codepoints when displaying these less common characters. Examples: </p> <ul><li>Key signature: <ul><li>Right: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">E-flat major</span><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWingell200993–94_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWingell200993–94-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Right: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">E<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span> major</span></li> <li>Wrong: <span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">Eb major</span></li></ul></li> <li>D major <a href="/wiki/Triad_(music)" title="Triad (music)">triad</a>: <ul><li>Right: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">D, F<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">♯</span></span>, A</span></li> <li>Right: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">D, F-sharp, A</span></li> <li>Wrong: <span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">D, F#, A</span></li></ul></li> <li>D<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">♯</span></span> major <a href="/wiki/Triad_(music)" title="Triad (music)">triad</a>: <ul><li>Right: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">D<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">♯</span></span>—F<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DoubleSharp.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="double sharp"><img alt="double sharp" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/DoubleSharp.svg/7px-DoubleSharp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/DoubleSharp.svg/10px-DoubleSharp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/DoubleSharp.svg/14px-DoubleSharp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6" data-file-height="7"/></a></span></span>—A<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">♯</span></span></span></li> <li>Right: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">D-sharp—F-double-sharp—A-sharp</span></li> <li>Wrong: <span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">D#—FX—A#</span></li> <li>Wrong: <span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">D#—Fx—A#</span></li> <li>Wrong: <span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">D#—F##—A#</span></li> <li>Wrong: <span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">D<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">♯</span></span>—F<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">♯</span></span><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">♯</span></span>—A<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">♯</span></span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Capitalization" data-mw-thread-id="h-Capitalization"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Capitalization"></span>Capitalization<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Capitalization"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Capitalization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Titles#Capital_letters" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles § Capital letters</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="MOS:MUSICCAPS"></span><span id="WP:MOSMUSICCAPS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MOS:MUSICCAPS&redirect=no">MOS:MUSICCAPS</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:MOSMUSICCAPS&redirect=no">WP:MOSMUSICCAPS</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <ul><li>Standard English-language text formatting and capitalization rules apply to the names of bands and individual artists <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033199720">.mw-parser-output div.crossreference{padding-left:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference selfref">(see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Biography#Text_formatting" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Biography">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Biography § Text formatting</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Trademarks" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Trademarks">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Trademarks</a>)</span>.</li> <li>For titles of works and releases, descriptive phrases in parentheses or after dashes, such as "remix", "acoustic version" and "remastered", should not be considered part of song titles and should not be capitalized.</li> <li>The first letter in the first and last words in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English-language</a> titles of works and releases is capitalized. The first letter in the other words should also be capitalized, except in words that are short coordinating conjunctions, prepositions, and articles ("short" meaning those with fewer than five letters), as well as the word <i>to</i> in infinitives (although if the artist has chosen to capitalize short conjunctions, prepositions, etc. then the article title may follow the artist's choice). For more details (including subtitles, hyphenation, incipits, etc.) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033199720"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Titles#Capital_letters" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles § Capital letters</a></span>. Exceptions are <em>not</em> made to mimic logo/cover stylization, even if such mimicry is common in the music press.</li> <li>The vast majority of music genres are not <a href="/wiki/Proper_noun" title="Proper noun">proper nouns</a>, and thus should not be capitalized.</li> <li>Use lowercase, not capitals, for instruments (piano, guitar, vocals, etc.) in personnel lists.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Chords,_progressions,_and_figured_bass" data-mw-thread-id="h-Chords,_progressions,_and_figured_bass"><span id="Chords.2C_progressions.2C_and_figured_bass"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Chords,_progressions,_and_figured_bass"></span>Chords, progressions, and figured bass<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Chords,_progressions,_and_figured_bass"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chords, progressions, and figured bass"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Conventional <a href="/wiki/Chord_(music)" title="Chord (music)">chords</a> are indicated through the use of upper and lowercase <a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman numerals</a>, or letters with a key signature provided, indicating <a href="/wiki/Root_(chord)" title="Root (chord)">root</a> and <a href="/wiki/Major_and_minor" title="Major and minor">quality</a>, separated by <a href="/wiki/Dash#En_dash" title="Dash">en dash</a> (<code>&ndash;</code>, renders as "<span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">–</span>") without spaces on either side. For example: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ii-V-I_turnaround" class="mw-redirect" title="Ii-V-I turnaround"><span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">ii–V–I</span></a></li> <li>in C: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">d–G–C</span></li></ul> <p>Arabic numerals (<a href="/wiki/Nashville_notation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nashville notation">Nashville notation</a>) and letters (<a href="/wiki/Diatonic_function" class="mw-redirect" title="Diatonic function">diatonic function</a>) indicating function should be <i>avoided</i>: </p> <ul><li><span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">2–5–1</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supertonic" title="Supertonic"><span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">Sp</span></a><span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">–</span><a href="/wiki/Dominant_(music)" title="Dominant (music)"><span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">D</span></a><span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">–</span><a href="/wiki/Tonic_(music)" title="Tonic (music)"><span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">T</span></a></li></ul> <p>When part of a <a href="/wiki/Chord_progression" title="Chord progression">chord progression</a>, chords should be spaced equally if they take an equal portion of the progression's duration. Vertical lines may indicate bar divisions: </p> <ul><li><span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">iii<sup>7</sup>–VI<sup>7</sup> | ii<sup>7</sup>–V<sup>7</sup> | I ||</span></li></ul> <p>or, in C: </p> <ul><li><span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">e<sup>7</sup>–A<sup>7</sup> | d<sup>7</sup>–G<sup>7</sup> | C ||</span></li></ul> <p>Rather than lowercase letters to indicate minor, uppercase letters followed by a lowercase "m" may be used: </p> <ul><li>in C: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">Dm–G–C</span></li></ul> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Degree_symbol" title="Degree symbol">degree symbol</a>, "<span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">°</span>", indicates a <a href="/wiki/Diminished_triad" title="Diminished triad">diminished chord</a>. It can be copied and pasted or inserted from the menus above or below Wikipedia edit boxes on desktop web browsers. It can also be produced by typing <code>&deg;</code>, or (on Windows PCs) <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239335663">.mw-parser-output .mw-tmpl-kbd{background:#EEE;color:var(--color-base)}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-tmpl-kbd{background:#171a1d}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-tmpl-kbd{background:#171a1d}}</style><kbd class="mw-tmpl-kbd" style="letter-spacing:0.05em; padding-left:0.25em; padding-right:0.2em;">Alt+0176</kbd> on the numeric pad / (Mac) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239335663"><kbd class="mw-tmpl-kbd" style="letter-spacing:0.05em; padding-left:0.25em; padding-right:0.2em;">Option+Shift+8</kbd>. A superscript lower case "<span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);"><sup>o</sup></span>" (<code><sup>o</sup></code>) may be used instead. The dedicated symbol for a half-diminished chord may not display correctly for all readers, so a "ø" can be superscripted instead—it can be produced by typing <code>&oslash;</code>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239335663"><kbd class="mw-tmpl-kbd" style="letter-spacing:0.05em; padding-left:0.25em; padding-right:0.2em;">Alt+0248</kbd> (Windows), or <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239335663"><kbd class="mw-tmpl-kbd" style="letter-spacing:0.05em; padding-left:0.25em; padding-right:0.2em;">Option+o</kbd> (Mac). For both of these there is an application of the <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Music" title="Template:Music">music</a>}}</code> template: <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Music" title="Template:Music">music</a>|dim}}</code> becomes <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);"><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><sup>o</sup></span></span> and <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Music" title="Template:Music">music</a>|dimslash}}</code> becomes <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);"><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><sup>ø</sup></span></span> (e.g. <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">C<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><sup>o</sup></span> and C<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><sup>ø</sup></span></span>). </p><p>Superscript and subscript may be combined, as in <a href="/wiki/Figured_bass" title="Figured bass">figured bass</a>, in math markup, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-tex mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><math><span class="k">\mathrm</span> C<span class="nb">_</span>4<span class="nb">^</span>6</math></code> renders as <span class="example example-neutral" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {C} _{4}^{6}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {C} _{4}^{6}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/aec1cd80ca2f562bdaee284433e1658b1e6decdf" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.732ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {C} _{4}^{6}}"/></span></span>, or <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-tex mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><chem>C4<span class="nb">^</span>6</chem></code> renders as <span class="example example-neutral" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {C4^6}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>C</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {C4^6}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c282b1933653665c004773b8fbca803df6f5e727" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.732ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {C4^6}}}"/></span></span>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033199720"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">{see: <a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Help:Displaying a formula</a> or <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula" class="extiw" title="m:Help:Displaying a formula">m:Help:Displaying a formula</a>; also: <a href="/wiki/Template:SubSup" title="Template:SubSup">Template:SubSup</a>)</span>. <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Music" title="Template:Music">music</a>}}</code> also allows this functionality. </p><p>To markup notation for chord qualities and <a href="/wiki/Inversion_(music)" title="Inversion (music)">inversions</a>, write: </p> <ul><li><code><span class="example monospaced example-mono" style="font-family: monospace, monospace; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);"> vii{{music|dim}}, I{{music|6 chord}}</span></code></li></ul> <p>which renders as: </p> <ul><li><span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">vii<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><sup>o</sup></span>, I<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><sup> 6</sup></span></span></li></ul> <p>If a chord has multiple extensions, they may all be written in superscript, with extentions after the first written in brackets and separated by slashes. For instance, A7 sus4 add9 would be written: </p> <ul><li><span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">A<sup>7(sus4/add9)</sup></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Classical_music_titles" data-mw-thread-id="h-Classical_music_titles"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Classical_music_titles"></span>Classical music titles<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Classical_music_titles"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Classical music titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(music)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (music)">Wikipedia:Naming conventions (music)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Titles_of_works#Capitalization_in_non-English_language_titles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles of works">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles of works § Capitalization in non-English language titles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Titles_of_works#Translations" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles of works">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles of works § Translations</a></div> <p><b>Generic titles</b> are not specific to one musical work. These titles typically take the name of a <a href="/wiki/Musical_form" title="Musical form">musical form</a> such as concerto, overture, quartet, sonata, suite, symphony, etc. Titles of <a href="/wiki/Liturgy" title="Liturgy">liturgical</a> works (such as agnus dei, kyrie, mass, requiem, etc.) are considered generic titles. Generic titles should not be italicized.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWingell200991_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWingell200991-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Piano Concerto No. 5</li> <li>Sixth Symphony</li> <li>Requiem</li></ul> <p><b>True titles</b> are specific to a single work. These are titles given by the <a href="/wiki/Composer" title="Composer">composer</a>, much as an <a href="/wiki/Author" title="Author">author</a> titles a <a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">novel</a>. True titles are always italicized: </p> <ul><li><i>From me flows what you call time</i></li> <li><i>Pelléas et Mélisande</i></li></ul> <p>When true titles are mixed with generic titles, as is often the case in <a href="/wiki/Overture" title="Overture">overtures</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suite_(music)" title="Suite (music)">suites</a>, only the true title is italicized. The generic portion of the title is not italicized and should always be in English even if the true portion of the title is in another language. </p> <ul><li>Overture to <i>The Bartered Bride</i></li> <li><i>L'Arlésienne</i> Suite No. 1</li></ul> <p>There are a few rare instances where a work has what appears to be a generic title but is actually a true title. Generally, if a symphony is referred to by name and not also numbered, the title is actually a true title given by the composer. These should be in italics as well. </p> <ul><li><i>Symphonie fantastique</i></li> <li>Copland's <i>Dance Symphony</i></li> <li>Beethoven's <i>Battle Symphony</i></li></ul> <p>Often, works with a generic title and / or a true title are also known by a common title or nickname. Avoid using the common title with the true title. Acceptable methods for specifying the nickname after the generic title are: </p> <ol><li>in parentheses: Symphony No. 9 (New World Symphony)</li> <li>quoted in parentheses: Symphony No. 9 ("New World" Symphony)</li> <li>italics in parentheses: Symphony No. 9 (<i>New World</i> Symphony)</li> <li>quoted set off by a comma: Symphony No. 9, "New World" Symphony</li> <li>italics set off by a comma: Symphony No. 9, <i>New World</i> Symphony</li></ol> <p>When referring to a work by nickname alone: </p> <ol><li>quoted: "New World" Symphony</li> <li>italicized: <i>New World</i> Symphony</li> <li>unadorned: New World Symphony</li></ol> <p>Note that the generic portion of the common name or nickname—"Symphony", in this case—is not italicized. </p><p>Any of these methods may be used; however, usage should be consistent within an article. </p><p><b>Song titles</b> are enclosed in quotes. True titles of <a href="/wiki/Song_cycle" title="Song cycle">song cycles</a> are italicized. Non-English song titles are not italicized. </p> <ul><li>"Wenn ich in deine Augen seh<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>" from <i>Dichterliebe</i>—note that the trailing apostrophe and the ending quote are handled using the <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:%27%22" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:'"">'"</a>}}</code> template, to insert some spacing between the characters <i>without</i> using an unsemantic space character: <code>... Augen seh{{'"}} ...</code></li></ul> <p><b>Generic movement titles</b> (such as <a href="/wiki/Tempo" title="Tempo">tempo</a> markings or terms like <a href="/wiki/Minuet" title="Minuet">minuet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ternary_form" title="Ternary form">trio</a>) are capitalized with a single initial capital—that is, only the first word is capitalized—and are not italicized. Often, <a href="/wiki/Movement_(music)" title="Movement (music)">movements</a> are described by multiple tempo markings. In this case, the tempo markings should be separated by <a href="/wiki/En_dash" class="mw-redirect" title="En dash">en dashes</a> set off by spaces (consider using the <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Spaced_en_dash" title="Template:Spaced en dash">spaced en dash</a>}}</code> template), and the first letter of each tempo marking should be capitalized. True movement titles are enclosed in quotation marks. Once again, non-English terms are not italicized. </p> <ul><li>Un poco sostenuto – Allegro from Brahms's First Symphony</li> <li>"Von der Wissenschaft" from <i>Also sprach Zarathustra</i></li> <li>Kyrie from Mozart's Requiem</li></ul> <p>The <b>formal title</b> of a work from the classical repertoire includes its genre or performing force, key, and index number. For modern works, the key or index number may not exist, but the genre or performing force should always be specified. There is no requirement to use formal titles on Wikipedia. However, in an article about a single composition of <a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">classical music</a>, all the information one would get from a formal title should be included in the lead. Often, using the formal title to introduce the work is the most elegant way to convey this information. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opus,_work,_and_measure_numbers" data-mw-thread-id="h-Opus,_work,_and_measure_numbers-Classical_music_titles"><span id="Opus.2C_work.2C_and_measure_numbers"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Opus,_work,_and_measure_numbers-Classical_music_titles"></span>Opus, work, and measure numbers<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Opus,_work,_and_measure_numbers-Classical_music_titles"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Opus, work, and measure numbers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Opus_number" title="Opus number">Opus</a> and work numbers are used to identify specific compositions within the catalogue of specific composers. Measure numbers are used to identify specific parts of compositions. If used on Wikipedia the terms should not be italicized and not capitalized.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If the number specifies a particular work (is used restrictively rather than simply providing additional information) it should not be set off by commas<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWingell200992_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWingell200992-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (thus measure numbers should be set off by commas since they provide additional information about a work). The following three examples all convey the same information: </p> <ul><li>...the <a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._5_(Mozart)" title="Piano Sonata No. 5 (Mozart)">Piano Sonata No. 5</a>, measures 1–4, by Mozart features...</li> <li>...Mozart's <a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._5_(Mozart)" title="Piano Sonata No. 5 (Mozart)">Piano Sonata No. 5</a> in G major, <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6chel_catalogue" title="Köchel catalogue">K.</a> 283, measures 1–4, features...</li> <li>...measures one through four of Mozart's <a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._5_(Mozart)" title="Piano Sonata No. 5 (Mozart)">Piano Sonata</a> in G major, <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6chel_catalogue" title="Köchel catalogue">K.</a> 283, feature...</li></ul> <p>The en dash rather than the hyphen must be used for ranges of numbers (measures 1–4 rather than measures 1-4). While "Op." may remain unlinked, <i>specific</i> <a href="/wiki/Opus_number#Catalogues" title="Opus number">catalogue</a> designations should be linked: "<a href="/wiki/Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis" title="Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis">BWV</a> 1079". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abbreviations" data-mw-thread-id="h-Abbreviations-Classical_music_titles"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Abbreviations-Classical_music_titles"></span>Abbreviations<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Abbreviations-Classical_music_titles"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Abbreviations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Abbreviations" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Abbreviations">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Abbreviations</a></div> <p>Some abbreviations are always used in music articles. These forms are standard: </p> <ul><li>Op.<non-breaking space><number> for opus (Op. 31)</li> <li>No.<non-breaking space><number> for number (Op. 31, No. 2)</li> <li>Opp.<non-breaking space><numbers separated by commas and spaces> for the plural of Opus (Opp. 51, 82, and 93)</li> <li>Op. posth.<non-breaking space>, or Op. posth.<non-breaking space><number> for opus posthumous</li></ul> <p>Use a non-breaking space (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NBSP" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NBSP"><code>&nbsp;</code></a> or <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Nbsp" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Nbsp">nbsp</a>}}</code> between the abbreviation and number, instead of a regular space. </p><p>Note: <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>, <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">♯</span></span> and <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-natural">♮</span></span> signs should not be used in article titles or headings; use the word equivalents (<i>flat</i>, <i>sharp</i>, <i>natural</i>, respectively). </p><p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033199720"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">See also <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Abbreviations#Song-writing_credits" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Abbreviations">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Abbreviations § Song-writing credits</a>, for usage of composition and performance credit abbreviations, including "arr.","trad.", and "feat."</span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Discographies" data-mw-thread-id="h-Discographies"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Discographies"></span>Discographies<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Discographies"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Discographies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists_of_works" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists of works">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists of works</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">Wikipedia:Splitting</a></div> <ol><li>Pages on artists, groups or works should have recording and discography sections as appropriate. These should be subdivided into albums and singles, audio and video recordings, or other simple systems as required.</li> <li>If the discography of an artist, group, or work becomes disproportionately large in relation to the rest of the article, it should be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">split</a> into a subpage list (preferably titled "<Name> discography").</li> <li>Do not use album, record or DVD covers in discographies, as this is an unnecessary use of images and is not compatible with Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fair_use" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Fair use">fair use</a> policy.</li> <li>The discography section typically only contains studio albums. Live albums, compilation albums etc. are always included in the discography subpage for the particular band or artist. However, significant non-studio albums can be included on the artist's main page with consensus from other editors.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Equivalent_terms_in_different_varieties_of_English" data-mw-thread-id="h-Equivalent_terms_in_different_varieties_of_English"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Equivalent_terms_in_different_varieties_of_English"></span>Equivalent terms in different varieties of English<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Equivalent_terms_in_different_varieties_of_English"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Equivalent terms in different varieties of English"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An article in Wikipedia should use one national variety of English consistently. This principle applies to music terminology: use musical terms from the variety of English in which the article is written. Consider showing alternative terms from other English varieties in parentheses on their first appearance. <i>Example:</i> "The first crotchet (<a href="/wiki/Quarter_note" title="Quarter note">quarter note</a>) in the bar is loudest." See <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#National_varieties_of_English" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Manual of Style: National varieties of English</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Images_and_notation" data-mw-thread-id="h-Images_and_notation"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Images_and_notation"></span>Images and notation<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Images_and_notation"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Images and notation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Creation_and_usage_of_media_files" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Creation and usage of media files">Wikipedia:Creation and usage of media files</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Captions" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Captions">Wikipedia:Captions</a></div> <ol><li>On Wikipedia, it is preferable to use free images whenever possible. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FU" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FU">Fair-use</a> images are acceptable only in certain, well-defined circumstances. Copyrighted images, such as album covers, can only be used in an article if an appropriate fair use rationale – that is specific to that article – appears on the image page. <ol><li>The <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Non-free_album_cover" title="Template:Non-free album cover">Non-free album cover</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template establishes fair use only in an article about the album in question.</li> <li>Fair-use images cannot be used purely for decoration.</li> <li>Fair-use images cannot be used in discography sections.</li> <li>Fair-use images should be used sparingly. Each image must contribute specifically, uniquely, and irreplaceably to the article.</li></ol></li> <li>Images should be laid out in an unobtrusive manner. <ol><li>Start the article with a right-aligned image.</li> <li>When using multiple images in the same section of an article, they should be staggered right-and-left (Example: <a href="/wiki/Sgt._Pepper%27s_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Band#Recording_and_production" title="Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band"><i>Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band</i></a>).</li> <li>Avoid sandwiching text between two images facing each other.</li></ol></li> <li>Music-related images on Wikipedia include icons, examples, and illustrations. Icons include <a href="/wiki/File:Musical_note_nicu_bucule_01.svg" title="File:Musical note nicu bucule 01.svg">File:Musical note nicu bucule 01.svg</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Musical_note_nicu_bucule_01.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Musical_note_nicu_bucule_01.svg/18px-Musical_note_nicu_bucule_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Musical_note_nicu_bucule_01.svg/27px-Musical_note_nicu_bucule_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Musical_note_nicu_bucule_01.svg/36px-Musical_note_nicu_bucule_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100"/></a></span> as displayed on <a href="/wiki/Portal:Music" title="Portal:Music">Portal:Music</a>. Small images giving examples should be displayed in text, without framing. For example, an image accompanying the mention of "bass clef" in a different article is displayed well this way. Medium images giving examples should be displayed in thumbnails to the right (or stagger right and left if frequent). For example, most images of <a href="/wiki/Chord_(music)" title="Chord (music)">chords</a> should be displayed this way, while their motivic elaborations should be displayed as illustrations. Large images giving segments of music or depicting features of music should be displayed in thumbnails on the left or center of the page at 550px for visibility. For example, most melodies and scales should be displayed this way, while chords and simultaneities should be displayed to the right as small as reasonably visible. Images of chords should generally not include octave repetitions. Images of scales must include the repetition of the octave to indicate octave equivalency. Sections of music should follow <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uploading_images" title="Wikipedia:Uploading images">Wikipedia:Uploading images</a> including the use of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_copyright_tags" title="Wikipedia:File copyright tags">Wikipedia:File copyright tags</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights">copyrights</a>. See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">Wikipedia:No original research</a>. Images and the display of musical notation should follow the following guidelines: <ol><li>Graphics of musical examples should be large enough to be legible but not so large that they overwhelm the text of an article. They also should not contain inordinate space between the notes.</li> <li>When creating a graphic in a musical notation program, keep the score as large as possible (through the layout or display setting in your notation program). If your example is short (three measures or less), you may increase its size on the page <em>and</em> decrease the page margins. That way, the example will be as large as possible, but will not contain large spaces between the notes. Example of large image size with little space between notes: <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D%27Indy_Tristan_chord_IV6-V_small.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/D%27Indy_Tristan_chord_IV6-V_small.PNG/180px-D%27Indy_Tristan_chord_IV6-V_small.PNG" decoding="async" width="180" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/D%27Indy_Tristan_chord_IV6-V_small.PNG/270px-D%27Indy_Tristan_chord_IV6-V_small.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/D%27Indy_Tristan_chord_IV6-V_small.PNG/360px-D%27Indy_Tristan_chord_IV6-V_small.PNG 2x" data-file-width="682" data-file-height="536"/></a></span></li> <li>Save the file in the <a href="/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics" class="mw-redirect" title="Scalable Vector Graphics">SVG</a> format, which is supported by most music notation programs. The score can then subsequently be cropped in vector graphics editors like <a href="/wiki/Inkscape" title="Inkscape">Inkscape</a> (note that objects may have to be converted to paths to display correctly on the web). If SVG export is not possible, PNG is preferred, to preserve transparency. Trim the image so that it only contains the example (no blank space or large margins) and upload it to Wikipedia, or to <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> if appropriate.</li> <li>When you display that image in an article, then you specify the desired size between pipes (<code>|</code> symbols) as follows: <code>[[File:Example.png|550px|Example image]]</code>. Images larger than 600 pixels may not be conveniently displayed on mobile devices.</li></ol></li> <li>Use <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Commons" title="Template:Commons">Commons</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> to link to images on Commons wherever possible.</li> <li>Use an informative and concise <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Captions" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Captions">caption</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Alternative_text_for_images" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Alternative text for images">alternative text</a> for each image.</li> <li>The sharp (♯) and flat (♭) signs are <span class="nowrap"><code>{{music|sharp}}</code></span> and <span class="nowrap"><code>{{music|flat}}</code></span>, respectively. A natural (♮) can be entered with <span class="nowrap"><code>{{music|natural}}</code></span>. As noted above, these symbols should not be used in headings or articles titles.</li> <li>Superscript and subscript may be combined, as in <a href="/wiki/Figured_bass" title="Figured bass">figured bass</a>, in math markup: <code><math>C_6^4</math></code> = <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle C_{6}^{4}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msubsup> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle C_{6}^{4}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a9732c4861f9756faf08edb7d6f5bbc02d319610" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.852ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle C_{6}^{4}}"/></span>. See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TeX_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TeX markup">Wikipedia:TeX markup</a> and <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Formula" class="extiw" title="m:Help:Formula">m:Help:Formula</a>.</li> <li>A superscript circle (degree sign), which indicates a <a href="/wiki/Diminished_chord" class="mw-redirect" title="Diminished chord">diminished chord</a>, can be produced with <span class="nowrap"><code>{{music|dim}}</code></span> or <span class="nowrap"><code>{{music|dimdeg}}</code></span>. A superscript lower case "<sup>o</sup>" (<code><sup>o</sup></code>) may be used instead. The slashed o, "<sup>ø</sup>", which may not display correctly for all readers, is produced by <span class="nowrap"><code>{{music|halfdim}}</code></span> or <span class="nowrap"><code>{{music|dimslash}}</code></span>.</li> <li>For inversions and the degree sign, superscript and subscript may be done thus: <code>vii<sup>o</sup></code>, <code>I<sub>6</sub></code>. This looks like: vii<sup>o</sup>, I<sub>6</sub>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Italian_music_terms" data-mw-thread-id="h-Italian_music_terms"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Italian_music_terms"></span>Italian music terms<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Italian_music_terms"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Italian music terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many musical terms that are commonly used in English are Italian in origin. These terms should not be italicized. For example: </p> <ul><li>attacca</li> <li>aria</li></ul> <p>However, bear in mind that not all readers will understand the terms. If in doubt, provide a hyperlink to <a href="/wiki/Italian_musical_terms_used_in_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian musical terms used in English">Italian musical terms used in English</a>. For example: </p> <dl><dd>The second section is marked as <a href="/wiki/Italian_musical_terms_used_in_English#Tempo" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian musical terms used in English">Adagio</a></dd></dl> <p>There is no hard rule on plurals of Italian terms being anglicized. </p> <ul><li>cellos <i>or</i> celli</li> <li>concertos <i>or</i> concerti</li> <li>tempos <i>or</i> tempi</li></ul> <p>However, use a consistent scheme within a single article. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Lists" data-mw-thread-id="h-Lists"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Lists"></span>Lists<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Lists"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Lists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists_of_works" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists of works">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists of works</a></div> <ol><li>Short lists (of compositions, recordings, etc.) may be useful in biographies and articles about works of music; however, when they become disproportionately long in relation to the main article, they should be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">split</a> into dedicated subpages.</li> <li>Music genre articles should not contain lists of performers. A separate list page may be created.</li> <li>Lists should not generally include musicians who do not have an article.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Lyrics" data-mw-thread-id="h-Lyrics"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Lyrics"></span>Lyrics<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Lyrics"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Lyrics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lyrics_and_poetry" title="Wikipedia:Lyrics and poetry">Wikipedia:Lyrics and poetry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_an_indiscriminate_collection_of_information" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not § Wikipedia is not an indiscriminate collection of information</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Quotations" title="Wikipedia:Quotations">Wikipedia:Quotations</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:MOSLYRICS"></span><span id="MOS:LYRICS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:MOSLYRICS&redirect=no">WP:MOSLYRICS</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MOS:LYRICS&redirect=no">MOS:LYRICS</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <ol><li>Copyrighted lyrics can only be used under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Non-free_content" title="Wikipedia:Non-free content">WP:Non-free content</a> provision. Thus, they should only be used to illustrate specific points that are documented by relevant sources.</li> <li>Lists of quotes from songs or other compositions or recordings are inappropriate, as are any sections consisting entirely or primarily of quotes.</li> <li>Uncopyrighted lyrics can be used freely. However, they should be incorporated into an article only to illustrate specific points, and documented by relevant sources.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Major_and_minor" data-mw-thread-id="h-Major_and_minor"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Major_and_minor"></span>Major and minor<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Major_and_minor"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Major and minor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Treat "major" and "minor" as regular words; i.e., the first letter should be lowercase, unless it starts a sentence. Abbreviated key signatures and chord spellings (such as "Cm" and "B<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>M", or "c" and "B<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>") should be avoided in prose. </p><p>In prose, rather than analysis, always use the capital letter, adding the words <i>major</i> or <i>minor</i> if necessary,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWingell200993_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWingell200993-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for example, "the piece is in D minor" or "the B major concerto". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Names_(definite_article)" data-mw-thread-id="h-Names_(definite_article)"><span id="Names_.28definite_article.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Names_(definite_article)"></span>Names (definite article)<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Names_(definite_article)"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Names (definite article)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For whether to include "the" as the first word of a band's name, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(definite_or_indefinite_article_at_beginning_of_name)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (definite or indefinite article at beginning of name)">Wikipedia:Naming conventions (definite or indefinite article at beginning of name)</a>. For the capitalization of "the" in other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Capital_letters#Capitalization_of_The" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Capital letters">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Capital letters § Capitalization of The</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Requests_for_mediation/The_Beatles" title="Wikipedia talk:Requests for mediation/The Beatles">Wikipedia talk:Requests for mediation/The Beatles</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="MOS:THEMUSIC"></span><span id="MOS:THEBAND"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MOS:THEMUSIC&redirect=no">MOS:THEMUSIC</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MOS:THEBAND&redirect=no">MOS:THEBAND</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>When the word <i>the</i> is sometimes or consistently used at the beginning of a band's name, a redirect (or disambiguation) should be created with the alternative name (with or without "the"). </p><p>Mid-sentence, per <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Capitalization_of_The" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">the MoS main page</a>, the word <i>the</i> should in general not be capitalized in continuous prose, e.g.: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wings_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wings (band)">Wings</a> featured Paul McCartney from <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">the Beatles</a> and Denny Laine from <a href="/wiki/The_Moody_Blues" title="The Moody Blues">the Moody Blues</a>.</li></ul> <p>Similarly, for duos and individual musicians, a leading <i>the</i> is not capitalized mid-sentence in a nickname, pseudonym, stage name or other alias. Exceptions include <a href="/wiki/Article_(grammar)" title="Article (grammar)">grammatical articles</a> from non-English languages, and stylized forms such as <i>thee</i>, <i>tha</i> and <i>da</i>. Examples: </p> <ul><li>Guitarist <a href="/wiki/The_Edge" title="The Edge">the Edge</a> also sings and plays keyboards for <a href="/wiki/U2_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="U2 (band)">U2</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tito_El_Bambino" title="Tito El Bambino">Tito El Bambino</a>'s album <i>It's My Time</i> contains one song produced by <a href="/wiki/The_Neptunes" title="The Neptunes">the Neptunes</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion" title="Megan Thee Stallion">Megan Thee Stallion</a> makes a featured appearance on <a href="/wiki/Chance_the_Rapper" title="Chance the Rapper">Chance the Rapper</a>'s 2019 debut album.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snoop_Dogg" title="Snoop Dogg">Snoop Dogg</a> collaborated frequently with labelmates <a href="/wiki/Tha_Dogg_Pound" title="Tha Dogg Pound">Tha Dogg Pound</a>.</li></ul> <p>However, <i>the</i>, <i>a</i>, or <i>an</i> should be capitalized mid-sentence when it begins the title (or subtitle) of an album or other artwork: </p> <ul><li>The double album <i><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_(album)" title="The Beatles (album)">The Beatles</a></i> is commonly known as the White Album.</li> <li>She released a cover version of <a href="/wiki/A_Brand_New_Day_(The_Wiz_song)" title="A Brand New Day (The Wiz song)">"A Brand New Day" from <i>The Wiz</i></a>.</li></ul> <p>For more detail on titles of compositions, albums, and other works, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033199720"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Titles" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles">WP:Manual of Style/Titles</a></span>. </p><p>Drop <i>the</i> where it is awkward, as when the band name is used as a modifier: </p> <ul><li>a Moody Blues song</li> <li>several Beatles albums</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Names_(non-English)" data-mw-thread-id="h-Names_(non-English)"><span id="Names_.28non-English.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Names_(non-English)"></span>Names (non-English) <span class="anchor" id="Names_(foreign_language)"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Names_(non-English)"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Names (non-English)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Classical_music/Guidelines#Capitalization:_original_language_titles" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Classical music/Guidelines">Wikipedia:WikiProject Classical music/Guidelines § Capitalization: original language titles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(capitalization)#Works_of_art" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (capitalization)">Wikipedia:Naming conventions (capitalization) § Works of art</a></div> <p>For classical music, the letters, accents and diacritics in the original language should be preserved when referring to works by their original language title (provided that language uses the Latin alphabet), e.g. <i><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%B6pfungsmesse" title="Schöpfungsmesse">Schöpfungsmesse</a></i></span></i> not <i><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Schopfungsmesse</i></span></i> nor <i><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Schoepfungsmesse</i></span></i>, <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9lude_%C3%A0_l%27apr%C3%A8s-midi_d%27un_faune" title="Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune">Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune</a></i></span></i> not <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Prelude a l'apres-midi d'un faune</i></span></i>. For non-classical non-English language recordings, usage of capitalization found in English-language <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources">reliable sources</a> is recommended, but when such sources use different capitalizations there is some leaning towards the capitalization rules valid for the language of the creator. </p><p>The names of works, and other terms, should be marked up with the <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Lang" title="Template:Lang">lang</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template, using the appropriate <a href="/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-1_codes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ISO 639-1 codes">two-letter language code</a>. For example, to link to the article for the work "<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Deutschlandlied</i></span>", use <code>"{{lang|de|[[Deutschlandlied]]}}"</code>, which will appear as "<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutschlandlied" title="Deutschlandlied">Deutschlandlied</a></i></span>". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Names_of_organizations_and_institutions" data-mw-thread-id="h-Names_of_organizations_and_institutions"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Names_of_organizations_and_institutions"></span>Names of organizations and institutions<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Names_of_organizations_and_institutions"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Names of organizations and institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Names_of_organisations_and_institutions"></span> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:MUSORG"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:MUSORG&redirect=no">WP:MUSORG</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Names of organizations and institutions (e.g. orchestras, musical ensembles and groups, concert halls, festivals, schools, etc.) should follow official usage (i.e. the spelling, punctuation, etc. used by the organization's own publications). In the case of non-English names, we use official English versions if and when they have been established by the organization itself. If not, we use the native name. Original English names, translated from other languages, should not be created. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Nationality_(biographies)" data-mw-thread-id="h-Nationality_(biographies)"><span id="Nationality_.28biographies.29"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Nationality_(biographies)"></span>Nationality (biographies)<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Nationality_(biographies)"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Nationality (biographies)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The nationality of composers, historical singers, etc. has sometimes been controversial. Here are three guidelines: </p> <ol><li>Nationality should refer to national identity; in other words, to the national group with which the person identified, not the state of which the person was a citizen or subject.</li> <li>Nationality should not be anachronistic or retrospective; i.e., for historical figures, it should be defined by the borders and states contemporary with the figure, not by those of the present day.</li> <li>Nationality should be inclusive: if there is any doubt about the nationality of an individual, use a double designation (e.g. Anglo-German) both in the introduction and in the categories.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Popular_music" data-mw-thread-id="h-Popular_music"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Popular_music"></span>Popular music<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Popular_music"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Popular music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="MOS:POPMUSIC"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MOS:POPMUSIC&redirect=no">MOS:POPMUSIC</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>In popular music, album, mixtape and EP titles should be italicized and song and single titles should be in quotes: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">"Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds" by the Beatles was included on their 1967 album <i>Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band</i></span>. The names of concert tours are not formatted beyond ordinary capitalization. </p><p>Per the overall MOS guidance to use <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:MOSLQ" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:MOSLQ">logical quotation</a>, punctuation should be placed outside the quotation marks (title formatting) of songs: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">Bob Dylan's <i>Highway 61 Revisited</i> album includes the songs "Like a Rolling Stone", "Ballad of a Thin Man", and "Desolation Row"</span>. Of course, if the song title itself contains punctuation, it goes inside: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">"Help!" by the Beatles was featured in both a film and an album</span>. </p><p>For titles of works and releases, purely descriptive phrases in parentheses or after dashes, such as "remix", "acoustic version" and "remastered", should not be considered part of song titles and should be placed outside quotation marks. Particularly in prose, consider re-ordering these phrases to improve the sentence flow: <span class="example" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-added, #006400);">the remix of "Despacito"</span>, rather than <span class="example deprecated-content example-bad" style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; color: var(--color-content-removed, #8B0000);">"Despacito" (remix)</span>. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:MOSSOPHOMORE"></span><span id="MOS:SOPHOMORE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:MOSSOPHOMORE&redirect=no">WP:MOSSOPHOMORE</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MOS:SOPHOMORE&redirect=no">MOS:SOPHOMORE</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Avoid referring to an artist's second album or single as "<b><a href="/wiki/Sophomore" title="Sophomore">sophomore</a></b>", as this term is not widely understood outside of the United States. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Stringed_instrument_tunings" data-mw-thread-id="h-Stringed_instrument_tunings"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Stringed_instrument_tunings"></span>Stringed instrument tunings<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Stringed_instrument_tunings"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Stringed instrument tunings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>For details, examples, and rationale, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Stringed_instrument_tunings" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Stringed instrument tunings">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Stringed instrument tunings</a></i></dd></dl> <p>In articles on stringed instruments and related topics, information on the tuning of the strings is very often included. The formatting of this information needs careful thought as the conventions used by major critics, encyclopedias, and journals are not consistent with each other on all points. </p><p>When describing the tuning of a stringed instrument: </p> <ul><li>Always list the closest (normally bass) string first, so that the <a href="/wiki/Guitar_tunings#Standard" title="Guitar tunings">standard guitar-tuning</a> is E–A–D–G–B–E.</li> <li>Always number the furthest (normally treble) string as "one," so that the second string of a standard guitar-tuning is the B string.</li> <li>In other matters, be consistent within the article.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Tables" data-mw-thread-id="h-Tables"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Tables"></span>Tables<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Tables"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Tables"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Tables" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Tables">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Tables</a></div> <p>Tables are appropriate for lists with three or more fields. Sortable tables are appropriate for longer lists that may be reordered according to title, genre, date, place, etc. Sorting should always ignore definite and indefinite articles, so sorting tags will usually be required. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Track_listing" data-mw-thread-id="h-Track_listing"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Track_listing"></span>Track listing<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Track_listing"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Track listing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is not a standard practice to include track listings as a separate section in song articles when the song was released as a single with an <a href="/wiki/A-side_and_B-side" title="A-side and B-side">A-side and B-side</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Types_of_music_articles" data-mw-thread-id="h-Types_of_music_articles"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Types_of_music_articles"></span>Types of music articles<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Types_of_music_articles"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Types of music articles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Types of music articles include biographical articles about musicians; articles about compositions, songs, or albums; and informative or documentary articles about theory or practice. </p><p>For example, articles about <a href="/wiki/Interval_(music)" title="Interval (music)">musical intervals</a> on Wikipedia currently feature an interval infobox on the top right, listing information such as name and size, followed by a picture of music notation of the interval on C. These articles conclude with the interval template listing other intervals. Most articles describe the names, ratios, cents, and uses in fairly standard order, and if not, it would be preferable that they do so. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Usage" data-mw-thread-id="h-Usage"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Usage"></span>Usage<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Usage"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Wikipedia:Manual of Style</a></div> <p>Some musical terms have multiple possible meanings. Unless a different meaning is obvious from the context (e.g., in a quote), use the same terminology as Wikipedia titles. The use of titles within articles should follow the same conventions as for titles. see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions">Wikipedia:Naming conventions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_(headings)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style (headings)">Wikipedia:Manual of Style (headings)</a>. </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Popular_music" title="Popular music">Popular music</a> is a broad category usually used in contrast to <a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">classical music</a> or <a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">folk music</a>; it need not be particularly popular. <a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">Pop music</a> is mainstream, commercial, chart-topping music.</li> <li>Usage of the expression <i>classical music</i> is context-dependent: <ul><li>Without context (as in the <a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">Classical music</a> article title), it is usually understood as a broad term for mainstream Western tradition <a href="/wiki/Art_music" title="Art music">art music</a> dating from the <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">Medieval</a> period onwards. <a href="/wiki/Modern_classical" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern classical">Modern classical</a> can be used to refer to such music from the <a href="/wiki/Modernism_(music)" title="Modernism (music)">Modernist era</a> onwards (which originated around the <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Fin_de_si%C3%A8cle" title="Fin de siècle">fin de siècle</a></i></span> of the 19th century), but this music is far from always understood as included in classical music.</li> <li>In the Western tradition, the term <i>classical music</i> did not exist before about 1836, when it was used to refer to the music of the <a href="/wiki/Classical_period_(music)" title="Classical period (music)">Classical era</a> (of roughly 1750–1820). Avoid ambiguity by adding context, or by using a more precise expression (e.g.: music of the Classical era) when referring to this type of music. This music is different from <a href="/wiki/Baroque_music" title="Baroque music">Baroque music</a>, of the preceding era, and <a href="/wiki/Romantic_music" title="Romantic music">Romantic music</a>, of the subsequent era – these are however rough distinctions, without the delineations being always very clear, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Galant_music" title="Galant music">galant music</a> belongs to both the end of the Baroque era, and the early stages of the Classical era.</li> <li>Many cultures have a period or style of music that for various reasons is termed <i>classical</i>, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_music" title="Indian classical music">Indian classical music</a>. When writing about the variant of the Western tradition, it can be phrased as <a href="/wiki/Western_classical_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Western classical music">Western classical music</a> (the link is a redirect to the <a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">Classical music</a> article) to avoid ambiguity.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">Folk music</a> is orally transmitted and generally informal and non-commercial. <a href="/wiki/Traditional_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional music">Traditional music</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roots_music_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Roots music (disambiguation)">roots music</a> are assumed synonyms. Music such as that of <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a> should be described as and linked to something more specific, such as <a href="/wiki/Roots_revival" title="Roots revival">roots revival</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" title="Hip hop music">Hip hop music</a> is a music genre. The act of <a href="/wiki/Rapping" title="Rapping">rapping</a> is performed by rappers. When referring to a genre, "hip hop" should be used, except in circumstances such as "<a href="/wiki/Gangsta_rap" title="Gangsta rap">gangsta rap</a>". The word <i>hip hop</i> is, like most music genres, not capitalized; it is also not hyphenated.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Titles" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_titles" title="Wikipedia:Article titles">Wikipedia:Article titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(music)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (music)">Wikipedia:Naming conventions (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists_of_works" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists of works">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists of works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Record_charts" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Record charts">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Record charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music_samples" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Music samples">Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Music samples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Classical_music/Guidelines" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Classical music/Guidelines">Wikipedia:WikiProject Classical music/Guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Albums/Album_article_style_advice" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Albums/Album article style advice">Wikipedia:WikiProject Albums/Album article style advice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music_terminology/Advice" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music terminology/Advice">Wikipedia:WikiProject Music terminology/Advice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Songs#Article_content" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Songs">Wikipedia:WikiProject Songs#Article content</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Help:Musical symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_musical_terminology" class="mw-redirect" title="Glossary of musical terminology">Glossary of musical terminology</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="References" data-mw-thread-id="h-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References"></span>References<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Footnotes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Footnotes-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Footnotes-References"></span>Footnotes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Footnotes-References"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWingell200993–94-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWingell200993–94_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWingell2009">Wingell 2009</a>, pp. 93–94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWingell200991-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWingell200991_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWingell2009">Wingell 2009</a>, p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/The_Chicago_Manual_of_Style" title="The Chicago Manual of Style"><i>The Chicago Manual of Style</i></a> (15th ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2003. sec. 8.204.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chicago+Manual+of+Style&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=sec.-8.204&rft.edition=15th&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3AManual+of+Style%2FMusic" class="Z3988"></span> Cited in <a href="#CITEREFWingell2009">Wingell 2009</a>, p. 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWingell200992-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWingell200992_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWingell2009">Wingell 2009</a>, p. 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWingell200993-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWingell200993_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWingell2009">Wingell 2009</a>, p. 93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Manual_of_Style/Music/Archive_8#RfC_on_Track_Listing_sections_in_song_articles" title="Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Music/Archive 8">Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Music/Archive 8#RfC on Track Listing sections in song articles</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography" data-mw-thread-id="h-Bibliography-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Bibliography-References"></span>Bibliography<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Bibliography-References"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWingell2009" class="citation book cs1">Wingell, Richard J. (2009). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/writingaboutmusi0000wing_r8x1"><i>Writing About Music: An Introductory Guide</i></a></span> (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-13-615778-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-13-615778-6"><bdi>978-0-13-615778-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Writing+About+Music%3A+An+Introductory+Guide&rft.place=Upper+Saddle+River%2C+New+Jersey&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Pearson+Prentice+Hall&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-13-615778-6&rft.aulast=Wingell&rft.aufirst=Richard+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwritingaboutmusi0000wing_r8x1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWikipedia%3AManual+of+Style%2FMusic" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_key_policies_and_guidelines_(?)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template:Wikipedia policies and guidelines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template talk:Wikipedia policies and guidelines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_policies_and_guidelines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia policies and guidelines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_key_policies_and_guidelines_(?)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Wikipedia key <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">policies and guidelines</a> <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wikipedia's policies and guidelines are developed by the community to describe best practices, clarify principles, resolve conflicts, and otherwise further our goal.">(?)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars" title="Wikipedia:Five pillars">Five pillars</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">Ignore all rules</a></b></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Content <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="defines the scope of the encyclopedia and the material that is suitable for it">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Verifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">No original research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">Neutral point of view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">What Wikipedia is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Biographies of living persons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights">Copyright</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyright_violations" title="Wikipedia:Copyright violations">Copyright violations</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Image_use_policy" title="Wikipedia:Image use policy">Image use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_titles" title="Wikipedia:Article titles">Article titles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability" title="Wikipedia:Notability">Notability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Autobiography" title="Wikipedia:Autobiography">Autobiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Citing sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">Reliable sources</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)">Medicine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_include_the_full_text_of_lengthy_primary_sources" title="Wikipedia:Do not include the full text of lengthy primary sources">Do not include copies of lengthy primary sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Plagiarism" title="Wikipedia:Plagiarism">Plagiarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_create_hoaxes" title="Wikipedia:Do not create hoaxes">Don't create hoaxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fringe_theories" title="Wikipedia:Fringe theories">Fringe theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patent_nonsense" title="Wikipedia:Patent nonsense">Patent nonsense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">External links</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Conduct <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="describes how editors can successfully collaborate and what behavior is acceptable">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility" title="Wikipedia:Civility">Civility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Harassment" title="Wikipedia:Harassment">Harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vandalism" title="Wikipedia:Vandalism">Vandalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">Ignore all rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_personal_attacks" title="Wikipedia:No personal attacks">No personal attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ownership_of_content" title="Wikipedia:Ownership of content">Ownership of content</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_warring" title="Wikipedia:Edit warring">Edit warring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">Dispute resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry" title="Wikipedia:Sockpuppetry">Sockpuppetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_legal_threats" title="Wikipedia:No legal threats">No legal threats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Child_protection" title="Wikipedia:Child protection">Child protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Paid-contribution_disclosure" title="Wikipedia:Paid-contribution disclosure">Paid-contribution disclosure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith" title="Wikipedia:Assume good faith">Assume good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:Conflict of interest">Conflict of interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disruptive_editing" title="Wikipedia:Disruptive editing">Disruptive editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Do_not_disrupt_Wikipedia_to_illustrate_a_point" title="Wikipedia:Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point">Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etiquette" title="Wikipedia:Etiquette">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gaming_the_system" title="Wikipedia:Gaming the system">Gaming the system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_do_not_bite_the_newcomers" title="Wikipedia:Please do not bite the newcomers">Please do not bite the newcomers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Courtesy_vanishing" title="Wikipedia:Courtesy vanishing">Courtesy vanishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Responding_to_threats_of_harm" title="Wikipedia:Responding to threats of harm">Responding to threats of harm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">Talk page guidelines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures" title="Wikipedia:Signatures">Signatures</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Deletion <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="explains the processes by which pages, revisions, and logs may be deleted">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="P" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy" title="Wikipedia:Deletion policy">Deletion policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Proposed_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Proposed deletion">Proposed deletion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Proposed_deletion_of_biographies_of_living_people" title="Wikipedia:Proposed deletion of biographies of living people">Biographies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Criteria_for_speedy_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion">Criteria for speedy deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Attack_page" title="Wikipedia:Attack page">Attack page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oversight" title="Wikipedia:Oversight">Oversight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Revision_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Revision deletion">Revision deletion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Enforcement <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="explains the various means by which standards may be enforced">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="P" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administrators" title="Wikipedia:Administrators">Administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Banning_policy" title="Wikipedia:Banning policy">Banning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">Blocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy" title="Wikipedia:Protection policy">Page protection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Editing <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="documents the various protocols about style and grouping">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editing_policy" title="Wikipedia:Editing policy">Editing policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_size" title="Wikipedia:Article size">Article size</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">Summary style</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_bold" title="Wikipedia:Be bold">Be bold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguation" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguation">Disambiguation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hatnote" title="Wikipedia:Hatnote">Hatnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Broad-concept_article" title="Wikipedia:Broad-concept article">Broad-concept article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Make_technical_articles_understandable" title="Wikipedia:Make technical articles understandable">Understandability</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;">Style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Manual of Style</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Contents" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Contents">Contents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Accessibility" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">Dates and numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Images" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Images">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout">Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">Lead section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Linking" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking">Linking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists">Lists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categories,_lists,_and_navigation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and navigation templates">Categories, lists, and navigation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization" title="Wikipedia:Categorization">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template namespace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;">Project content <span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="protocols related to administration">(?)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="G" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><abbr title="Guidelines"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Project namespace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Guide" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Council/Guide">WikiProjects</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Userboxes" title="Wikipedia:Userboxes">User boxes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Subpages" title="Wikipedia:Subpages">Subpages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:6.9em;text-align:left;;background: #dddddd;color:inherit;"><abbr title="Wikimedia Foundation">WMF</abbr> <abbr title="official policies and statements of the Wikimedia Foundation">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="P" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal; background: #e6e6e6;color:inherit;"><b><span style="color:#118811;"><abbr title="Policies"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></abbr></span></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct" class="extiw" title="wmf:Policy:Universal Code of Conduct">Universal Code of Conduct</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="wmf:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policies" class="extiw" title="wmf:Policies">List of policies</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Friendly_space_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Friendly space policy">Friendly space policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Licensing_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Resolution:Licensing policy">Licensing and copyright</a></li> <li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Privacy policy">Privacy policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;;font-weight: normal;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of policies and guidelines">List of all policies and guidelines</a></b> <ul><li><b><span style="color:#118811;"><span style="font-size:120%">P</span></span></b>: <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">List of policies</a></b></li> <li><b><span style="color:#0077A4;"><span style="font-size:120%">G</span></span></b>: <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of guidelines">List of guidelines</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Principles" title="Wikipedia:Principles">Summaries of values and principles</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="WikiProject_Music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:WikiProject_Music/Related_WikiProjects" title="Template:WikiProject Music/Related WikiProjects"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:WikiProject_Music/Related_WikiProjects" title="Template talk:WikiProject Music/Related WikiProjects"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:WikiProject_Music/Related_WikiProjects" title="Special:EditPage/Template:WikiProject Music/Related WikiProjects"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="WikiProject_Music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music">WikiProject Music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hierarchy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject">Wikipedia:WikiProject</a> > <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Culture" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Culture">Culture</a> > <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Arts" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Arts">Arts</a> > <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music">Music</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music">WikiProject Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Music" title="Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Music">Discussion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music/Noticeboard" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music/Noticeboard">Noticeboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Music">Deletion talks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music/Categories" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music/Categories">Categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music/Help" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music/Help">Help and tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_portals" title="Category:Music portals">Music Portals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sub projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Albums" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Albums">Albums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Concerts" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Concerts">Concerts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Discographies" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Discographies">Discographies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Record_Charts" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Record Charts">Record Charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Record_Labels" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Record Labels">Record Labels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Record_Production" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Record Production">Record Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Songs" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Songs">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_BBC_Radio" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject BBC Radio">BBC Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music_terminology" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music terminology">Terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music_theory" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music theory">Theory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music/Regional_and_national_music_taskforce" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music/Regional and national music taskforce">Geographical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Australian_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Australian music">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Canadian_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Canadian music">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Eurovision" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Eurovision">Eurovision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Indian_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian music">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Irish_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Irish music">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Japan/Music_task_force" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Japan/Music task force">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_New_Zealand/Music_task_force" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject New Zealand/Music task force">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_American_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject American music">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music/Music_genres_task_force" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music/Music genres task force">Genres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Classical_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Classical music">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Opera" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Opera">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Jazz" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Jazz">Jazz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Alternative_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Alternative music">Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Christian_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Christian music">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Country_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Country music">Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Electronic_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Electronic music">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Hip_hop" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Hip hop">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Industrial" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Industrial">Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Latin_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Latin music">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Metal" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Metal">Metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Musical_Theatre" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Musical Theatre">Musical Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Pop_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Pop music">Pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Post-hardcore" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Post-hardcore">Post-hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Progressive_Rock" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Progressive Rock">Progressive Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Punk_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Punk music">Punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rave" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Rave">Rave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_R%26B_and_Soul_Music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject R&B and Soul Music">R&B and Soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reggae" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reggae">Reggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Latin_music/Reggaeton" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Latin music/Reggaeton">Reggaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rock_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Rock music">Rock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditional:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Roots_music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Roots music">Roots, folk, and traditional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Bagpipes" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Bagpipes">Bagpipes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Marching_band" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Marching band">Marching band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Drum_Corps" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Drum Corps">Drum corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Composers" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Composers">Composers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Gilbert_and_Sullivan" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Gilbert and Sullivan">Gilbert and Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Richard_Wagner" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Musicians" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Musicians">Musicians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Adele" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Adele">Adele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Alexandra_Stan" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Alexandra Stan">Alexandra Stan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ariana_Grande" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Ariana Grande">Ariana Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_The_Beatles" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject The Beatles">The Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Beyonc%C3%A9" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Beyoncé">Beyoncé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Billie_Eilish" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Billie Eilish">Billie Eilish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Bj%C3%B6rk" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Björk">Björk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Bob_Dylan" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Britney_Spears" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Britney Spears">Britney Spears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cheryl" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Cheryl">Cheryl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Christina_Aguilera" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Christina Aguilera">Christina Aguilera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_The_Clash" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject The Clash">The Clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Coldplay" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Coldplay">Coldplay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Demi_Lovato" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Demi Lovato">Demi Lovato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Dua_Lipa" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Dua Lipa">Dua Lipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Elvis_Presley" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Eminem" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Eminem">Eminem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Evanescence" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Evanescence">Evanescence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Frank_Sinatra" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Frank_Zappa" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Frank Zappa">Frank Zappa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Green_Day" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Green Day">Green Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Gwen_Stefani" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Gwen Stefani">Gwen Stefani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Inna" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Inna">Inna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Janet_Jackson" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Janet Jackson">Janet Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Jennifer_Lopez" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Jennifer Lopez">Jennifer Lopez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Justin_Timberlake" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Justin Timberlake">Justin Timberlake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Katy_Perry" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Katy Perry">Katy Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Kelly_Clarkson" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Kelly Clarkson">Kelly Clarkson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Kylie_Minogue" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Kylie Minogue">Kylie Minogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lady_Gaga" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lady Gaga">Lady Gaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lana_Del_Rey" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lana Del Rey">Lana Del Rey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Leona_Lewis" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Leona Lewis">Leona Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Linkin_Park" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Linkin Park">Linkin Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lorde" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lorde">Lorde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Madonna" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Madonna">Madonna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mariah_Carey" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Mariah Carey">Mariah Carey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Meghan_Trainor" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Meghan Trainor">Meghan Trainor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Michael_Jackson" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Miley_Cyrus" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Miley Cyrus">Miley Cyrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Nine_Inch_Nails" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Nine Inch Nails">Nine Inch Nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Olivia_Rodrigo" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Olivia Rodrigo">Olivia Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Pink_Floyd" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Pink Floyd">Pink Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Queen" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Queen">Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Red Hot Chili Peppers">Red Hot Chili Peppers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rihanna" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Rihanna">Rihanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_The_Rolling_Stones" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject The Rolling Stones">Rolling Stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Shakira" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Shakira">Shakira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sia" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Sia">Sia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Alternative_music/The_Smashing_Pumpkins" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Alternative music/The Smashing Pumpkins">The Smashing Pumpkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_The_Supremes" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject The Supremes">The Supremes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Taylor_Swift" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U2" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject U2">U2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Musical_Instruments" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Musical Instruments">Instruments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Guitarists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Guitarists">Guitarists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Percussion" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Percussion">Percussion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Guidelines<br/> and essays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manual of Style (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music_samples" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Music samples">Manual of Style (music samples)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music_examples" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Music examples">(music examples)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Record_charts" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Record charts">Manual of Style (record charts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Discographies/style" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Discographies/style">Proposed manual of style (discographies)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Albums/Sources" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Albums/Sources">List of reliable sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(music)" title="Wikipedia:Notability (music)">Wikipedia:Notability (music)</a> (WP:Music)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Music_theory" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Music theory">Wikipedia:WikiProject Music theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tuning" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Tuning">WP:TTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Composers" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Composers">Wikipedia:WikiProject Composers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Music_contemporaneity" title="Wikipedia:Music contemporaneity">Wikipedia:Music contemporaneity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Awards/Grammy_Awards_task_force" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Awards/Grammy Awards task force">Grammy Awards task force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Project page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/72/Symbol_project_class.svg/16px-Symbol_project_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/72/Symbol_project_class.svg/23px-Symbol_project_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/72/Symbol_project_class.svg/31px-Symbol_project_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185"/></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Music" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Council/Directory/Culture/Music">WikiProject Council Music Directory</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Manual_of_Style" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Manual_of_Style" title="Template:Manual of Style"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Manual_of_Style" title="Template talk:Manual of Style"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Manual_of_Style" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Manual of Style"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Manual_of_Style" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Manual of Style</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Simplified Manual of Style">Overview</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Contents" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Contents">Contents</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Styletips" title="Wikipedia:Styletips">Tips</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(content)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (content)">Content</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Accessibility" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Biography" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Biography">Biography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Disambiguation_pages" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Disambiguation pages">Disambiguation pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Organizing_disambiguation_pages_by_subject_area" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Organizing disambiguation pages by subject area">Organizing by subject area</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Gender_identity" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Gender identity">Gender identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Hidden_text" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Hidden text">Hidden text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Infoboxes" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Infoboxes">Infoboxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Linking" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking">Linking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Self-references_to_avoid" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Self-references to avoid">Self-references</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">Words to watch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(formatting)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (formatting)">Formatting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Abbreviations" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Abbreviations">Abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Capital_letters" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Capital letters">Capitalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">Dates and numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Pronunciation" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation">Pronunciation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Spelling" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Spelling">Spelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Text_formatting" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Text formatting">Text formatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Titles_of_works" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Titles of works">Titles of works</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(images)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (images)">Images</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Captions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Captions">Captions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Image_use_policy#Adding_images_to_articles" title="Wikipedia:Image use policy">Image placement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Icons" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Icons">Icons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Images" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Images">Images</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(layout)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (layout)">Layout</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout">Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">Lead section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Tables" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Tables">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Trivia_sections" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Trivia sections">Trivia sections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(lists)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (lists)">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists_of_works" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists of works">Lists of works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Road_junction_lists" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Road junction lists">Road junctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Stand-alone_lists" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Stand-alone lists">Stand-alone lists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">By topic area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(legal)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (legal)">Legal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Legal" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Legal">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Trademarks" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Trademarks">Trademarks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(arts)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (arts)">Arts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Anime_and_manga" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Anime and manga">Anime and manga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Comics" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Comics">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Film" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Film">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lyrics_and_poetry" title="Wikipedia:Lyrics and poetry">Lyrics and poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Novels" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Novels">Novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Television" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Television">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Video_games" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Video games">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Visual_arts" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Visual arts">Visual arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Writing_about_fiction" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Writing about fiction">Writing about fiction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(music)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (music)">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Music_samples" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Music samples">Music samples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Record_charts" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Record charts">Record charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Stringed_instrument_tunings" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Stringed instrument tunings">Stringed instruments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(history)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (history)">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Blazon" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Blazon">Blazons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Military_history" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Military history">Military history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(regional)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (regional)">Regional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(geographic_names)#Specific_topics" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names)">Specific naming conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Canada-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Canada-related articles">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/China-_and_Chinese-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/China- and Chinese-related articles">China (and Chinese)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/France-_and_French-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/France- and French-related articles">France (and French)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Egypt-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Egypt-related articles">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Hawaii-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Hawaii-related articles">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/India-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/India-related articles">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Indonesia-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Indonesia-related articles">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Ireland-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Ireland-related articles">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Japan-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Japan-related articles">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Korea-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Korea-related articles">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Malaysia-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Malaysia-related articles">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(Macedonia)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Macedonia)">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Pakistan-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pakistan-related articles">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Philippines-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Philippines-related articles">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Poland-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Poland-related articles">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Singapore-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Singapore-related articles">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Trinidad_and_Tobago/Style_guide" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Trinidad and Tobago/Style guide">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(religion)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (religion)">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Islam-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Islam-related articles">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Latter_Day_Saints" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Latter Day Saints">Latter Day Saints</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(science)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (science)">Science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Mathematics" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Medicine-related_articles" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Medicine-related articles">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry">Chemistry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry/Compound_classes" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry/Compound classes">Compound classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry/Chemicals" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry/Chemicals">Chemicals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry/References_and_external_links" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry/References and external links">References and external links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry/Safety" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry/Safety">Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Chemistry/Structure_drawing" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Chemistry/Structure drawing">Structure drawing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Computer_science" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Computer science">Computer science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxobox/doc" title="Template:Taxobox/doc">Taxonomy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(sports)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (sports)">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Cue_sports" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Cue sports">Cue sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Snooker" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Snooker">Snooker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Figure_skating" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Figure skating">Figure skating</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Figure_skating_terminology" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Figure skating terminology">Terminology</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Manual_of_Style_(related_guidelines)" title="Category:Wikipedia Manual of Style (related guidelines)">Related guidelines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_size" title="Wikipedia:Article size">Article size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_titles" title="Wikipedia:Article titles">Article titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categories,_lists,_and_navigation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and navigation templates">Categories, lists, and navigation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization" title="Wikipedia:Categorization">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hatnote" title="Wikipedia:Hatnote">Hatnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Subpages" title="Wikipedia:Subpages">Subpages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Make_technical_articles_understandable" title="Wikipedia:Make technical articles understandable">Understandability</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Search</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="mw-inputbox-centered" style=""><form name="searchbox" class="searchbox mw-inputbox-form-inline" action="/wiki/Special:Search" id="style-wide-searchbox"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input class="mw-searchInput searchboxInput cdx-text-input__input" name="search" placeholder="e.g. image placement" size="25" dir="ltr"/></div><input type="hidden" value="Wikipedia:Manual of Style" name="prefix"/> <input type="submit" name="fulltext" value="Search the MoS" class="cdx-button"/><input type="hidden" value="Search" name="fulltext"/></form></div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" 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