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</a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Under_Ottoman_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Under_Ottoman_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Under Ottoman rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Under_Ottoman_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arab_Revolt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arab_Revolt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Arab Revolt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arab_Revolt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saudi_conquest_and_modern_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saudi_conquest_and_modern_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Saudi conquest and modern history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Saudi_conquest_and_modern_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy_and_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy_and_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy and development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy_and_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Natural_landmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Natural landmarks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums_and_historic_landmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums_and_historic_landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Museums and historic landmarks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums_and_historic_landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Famous_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Famous_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Famous people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Famous_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Famous people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Famous_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tribes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tribes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Tribes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tribes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births_in_the_pre-modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births_in_the_pre-modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Births in the pre-modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Births_in_the_pre-modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births_in_the_modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births_in_the_modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Births in the modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Births_in_the_modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Governors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Taif</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 70 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-70" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">70 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81" title="الطائف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الطائف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D3%80-%D0%A2%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%84" title="АтӀ-ТӀаиф – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="АтӀ-ТӀаиф" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AB" title="তাইফ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তাইফ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Таиф – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Таиф" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%C3%AFf" title="Taïf – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Taïf" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1if" title="Táif – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Táif" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81" title="طائف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طائف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%C3%ABf" title="Taëf – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Taëf" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B4%ED%94%84" title="타이프 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="타이프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BF-%D5%8F%D5%A1%D5%AB%D6%86" title="Էտ-Տաիֆ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էտ-Տաիֆ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC" title="ताइफ़ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ताइफ़" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%E2%80%99if" title="Ta’if – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ta’if" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Таиф – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Таиф" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A3" title="טאיף – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טאיף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Таиф – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Таиф" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taifum" title="Taifum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Taifum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taifas" title="Taifas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Taifas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D" title="താഇഫ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="താഇഫ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ტაიფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ტაიფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81" title="الطائف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الطائف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81" title="طائف – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="طائف" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%95" title="ターイフ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ターイフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%84" title="ТӀаиф – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ТӀаиф" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toif" title="Toif – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Toif" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC" title="ਤਾਇਫ਼ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਾਇਫ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81" title="طائف – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="طائف" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/At-Ta%E2%80%99if" title="At-Ta’if – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="At-Ta’if" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taife" title="Taife – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Taife" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82-%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Эт-Таиф – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эт-Таиф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81" title="طائف – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="طائف" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taifi" title="Taifi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Taifi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81" title="طائف – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="طائف" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81" title="تایف – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تایف" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%84_(%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Таиф (град) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Таиф (град)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D" title="தயூப் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தயூப்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9F" title="อัฏฏออิฟ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัฏฏออิฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82-%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%97%D1%84" title="Ет-Таїф – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ет-Таїф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81" title="طائف – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="طائف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ta'if" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E4%BC%8A%E5%A4%AB" title="塔伊夫 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="塔伊夫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E4%BC%8A%E5%A4%AB" title="塔伊夫 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="塔伊夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taif" title="Taif – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Taif" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q182640#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taif" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Taif_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Taif (disambiguation)">Taif (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Makkah, Saudi Arabia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Taif</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="ar"><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1227789315">.mw-parser-output .script-arabic{font-family:"Scheherazade New","SF Arabic",Amiri,"Noto Naskh Arabic","Droid Arabic Naskh","Noto Sans Arabic","Sakkal Majalla","Harmattan","Arabic Typesetting","Arabic Transparent","Times New Roman",Arial,Calibri,"Microsoft Sans Serif","Segoe UI",serif,sans-serif;font-weight:normal}</style><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ٱلطَّائِف</span>‎</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse;border:0px solid black;width:200px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:1px 0 0 1px"><div style="display:table;background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%891.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%891.jpg/200px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%891.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%891.jpg/300px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%891.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%891.jpg/400px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%891.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="1806" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Taif, as seen from <a href="/wiki/Al_Hada" title="Al Hada">Al Hada</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><i>Madīnat al-Wurūd</i> ([مَدِيْنَة ٱلْوُرُوْد] <span style="color:#d33">Error: {{Lang}}: invalid parameter: |translit= (<a href="/wiki/Category:Lang_and_lang-xx_template_errors" title="Category:Lang and lang-xx template errors">help</a>)</span>, City of the Roses), <br /> Summer Capital of the Kingdom</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saudi_Arabia_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Taif is located in Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Taif is located in Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Saudi_Arabia_location_map.svg/250px-Saudi_Arabia_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Saudi_Arabia_location_map.svg/375px-Saudi_Arabia_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Saudi_Arabia_location_map.svg/500px-Saudi_Arabia_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1803" data-file-height="1501" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:68.03%;left:28.469%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Taif"><img alt="Taif" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Taif</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Saudi Arabia</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Middle_East_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Taif is located in Middle East"><img alt="Taif is located in Middle East" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Middle_East_location_map.svg/250px-Middle_East_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Middle_East_location_map.svg/375px-Middle_East_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Middle_East_location_map.svg/500px-Middle_East_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="160" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:57.951%;left:51.917%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Taif"><img alt="Taif" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Taif</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Taif (Middle East)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Middle East</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_laea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Taif is located in Asia"><img alt="Taif is located in Asia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Asia_laea_location_map.svg/250px-Asia_laea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Asia_laea_location_map.svg/375px-Asia_laea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Asia_laea_location_map.svg/500px-Asia_laea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1050" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:52.5%;left:5.43%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Taif"><img alt="Taif" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Taif</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Taif (Asia)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Asia</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Taif&params=21_16_30.34_N_40_24_22.16_E_type:city_region:SA-02"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">21°16′30.34″N</span> <span class="longitude">40°24′22.16″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">21.2750944°N 40.4061556°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">21.2750944; 40.4061556</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states#List_of_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/25px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/38px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/50px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Provinces of Saudi Arabia">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Makkah_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Makkah Province">Makkah</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governorates_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of governorates of Saudi Arabia">Governorate</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Taif</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">HRH Nahar Alsaud</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">321 km<sup>2</sup> (124 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,879 m (6,165 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Estimate <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2020)</div></div></th><td class="infobox-data">688,693</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">6</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,145/km<sup>2</sup> (5,554/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Taifian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabian_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabian Standard Time">GMT + 3</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal Code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">26XXX</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+966 12</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.taifcity.gov.sa">http://www.taifcity.gov.sa</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Taif</a></b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Lang-ar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Lang-ar (page does not exist)">Template:Lang-ar</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Hejazi Arabic pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="acw-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hejazi_Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Hejazi Arabic">[atˤˈ<span class="wrap"> </span>tˤaː(j)ɪf]</a></span>) is a city and governorate in the <a href="/wiki/Mecca_Province" title="Mecca Province">Mecca Province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>. Located at an elevation of 1,879 m (6,165 ft) in the slopes of the <a href="/wiki/Hijaz_Mountains" title="Hijaz Mountains">Hijaz Mountains</a>, which themselves are part of the <a href="/wiki/Sarawat_Mountains" title="Sarawat Mountains">Sarat Mountains</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the city has a 2020 estimated population of 688,693 people, making it the 6th most populous city in the kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is a belief that Taif is indirectly referred to in <a href="/wiki/Quran_43:31" class="mw-redirect" title="Quran 43:31">Quran 43:31</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city <a href="/wiki/Muhammad%27s_visit_to_Ta%27if" title="Muhammad's visit to Ta'if">was visited</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islamic</a> <a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">prophet</a> <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>, sometime in the early <a href="/wiki/7th_century" title="7th century">7th century</a>, and was inhabited by the tribe of <a href="/wiki/Banu_Thaqif" title="Banu Thaqif">Banu Thaqif</a>. It is still inhabited to this day by their descendants. As a part of the <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>, the city has seen many transfers-of-power throughout its history, with the last being during the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_conquest_of_Hejaz" title="Saudi conquest of Hejaz">Saudi conquest of Hejaz</a> in 1925. </p><p>The city has been called the unofficial <a href="/wiki/Summer_capital" title="Summer capital">summer capital</a> of Saudi Arabia<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has also been called the best summer destination in Saudi Arabia<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as it enjoys a moderate weather during summer, unlike most of the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a>. The city owes its popularity among tourists to its many <a href="/wiki/Mountain_resort" title="Mountain resort">mountain resorts</a> and moderate climate, even during the harsh summers of Arabia. The city is connected to the nearby <a href="/wiki/Resort_town" title="Resort town">resort town</a> of <a href="/wiki/Al_Hada" title="Al Hada">Al-Hada</a> via the iconic Highway 15 (Taif – Al-Hada Road). It stands out from the rest of the Hijazi region as it is a city that plays an active role in the <a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Agriculture in Saudi Arabia">agricultural output of Saudi Arabia</a> and is the center of an agricultural area known for its cultivation of <a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">grapes</a>, pomegranate, figs, roses and <a href="/wiki/Apiculture" class="mw-redirect" title="Apiculture">honey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taif is also very active in the manufacturing of traditional <a href="/wiki/Attar" title="Attar">attar</a>, and is known locally as "City of the Roses" (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Lang-ar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Lang-ar (page does not exist)">Template:Lang-ar</a>). Taif also hosts the historic <a href="/wiki/Souk_Okaz" title="Souk Okaz">Souq 'Okaz</a>. </p><p>The Taif governorate is divided into 15 smaller municipalities, with Ta'if as the capital.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The administration of the city itself is carried out by five municipalities, named North Taif, West Taif, East Taif, South Taif and New Taif. Taif is served by the <a href="/wiki/Taif_Regional_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Taif Regional Airport">Taif Regional Airport</a>, with a new international airport planned to open sometime in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:7_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2></div> <p>Much like many of the cities in the Hejazi region, the city of Ta'if had an older name: <i>Wajj</i> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">وَجّ</span></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-Wajj_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wajj-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was also the name of the <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%AC" class="extiw" title="ar:وادي وج">Valley of Wajj</a>, a significant valley within Arabian and Islamic history.<sup id="cite_ref-Wajj_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wajj-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The etymology of the city's current name, Taʾif (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Lang-ar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Lang-ar (page does not exist)">Template:Lang-ar</a>), comes from the <a href="/wiki/Abjad#Abjads_and_the_structure_of_Semitic_languages" title="Abjad">Arabic root</a> <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ط و ف</span></span>, which could translate to "wanderer", "roamer", or "circulator"; the latter of which is the basis of the word <i><a href="/wiki/Tawaf" class="mw-redirect" title="Tawaf">Ṭawāf</a></i> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">طَوَاف</span></span>), which literally translates to "circulation" or "circumambulation", and is used in the context of the circumambulation of the <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Maqsood1994_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maqsood1994-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Shariati2005_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shariati2005-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Denny2010_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Denny2010-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taʾif was given this name due to the wall that was built by the tribe of <a href="/wiki/Banu_Thaqif" title="Banu Thaqif">Banu Thaqif</a> that circulated the city.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In short, the city of Taʾif literally means the circulated or encircled city.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81.jpg/220px-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption>Mosque of Abdullah <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Abbas" title="Ibn Abbas">ibn Abbas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banu_Hashim" title="Banu Hashim">cousin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sahaba" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahaba">companion</a> of <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the 6th century <a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">A.D.</a>, the city of Ta'if was dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Banu_Thaqif" title="Banu Thaqif">Thaqif</a> tribe, which still lives in and around the city of Ta'if today. It has been suggested that Jewish tribes who were displaced by Ethiopian Christians in the <a href="/wiki/Himyarite_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Himyarite Kingdom">Himyarite Kingdom</a> wars settled near Ta'if.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The walled city was a religious centre as it housed the idol of the goddess <a href="/wiki/Al-l%C4%81t" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-lāt"><i>Lāt</i></a>, who was then known as "the lady of Ta'if." Its climate marked the city out from its dry and barren neighbours closer to the <a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">Wheat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vine" title="Vine">vines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">fruit</a> <a href="/wiki/Orchard" title="Orchard">orchards</a> were grown around Ta'if, and this is how the city earned its title "the Garden of the Hejaz."<sup id="cite_ref-:1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Skylife_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Skylife-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both Ta'if and <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> were resorts of pilgrimage.<sup id="cite_ref-alislam_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alislam-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ta'if was more pleasantly situated than Mecca itself, and their people of Ta'if had close trading relations. The people of Ta'if carried on agriculture and fruit‑growing in addition to their trade activities.<sup id="cite_ref-alislam_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alislam-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 7th century, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>, who was born in Makkah, preached Islam to the inhabitants of Mecca and the Hijaz, and encountered resistance from many of the people there. In 630, a <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hunayn" title="Battle of Hunayn">battle</a> took place at <a href="/wiki/Hunayn_(Saudi_Arabia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunayn (Saudi Arabia)">Hunayn</a>, close to the city. Shortly after that, the unsuccessful <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ta%27if" title="Siege of Ta'if">siege of Ta'if</a> took place. The city was assaulted by catapults from <a href="/wiki/Banu_Daws" title="Banu Daws">Banu Daus</a>, but it repelled the attacks. The <a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_Tabuk" title="Expedition of Tabuk">Battle of Tabuk</a> in 631 left Tā'if completely isolated, so members of Thaqīf arrived in Makkah to negotiate the conversion of the city to <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. The idol of <i>Lāt</i> was destroyed along with all other signs of the city's pagan past.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city then went through many exchanges-of-power, but most of the action within these conflicts took place between Makkah and Medina, and Ta'if dwindled in importance in contrast to the two holy cities.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Under_Ottoman_rule">Under Ottoman rule</h3></div> <p>On 17 July 1517, the <a href="/wiki/Sharif_of_Mecca" title="Sharif of Mecca">Sharif of Mecca</a> capitulated to the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> <a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a> <a href="/wiki/Selim_I" title="Selim I">Selim I</a>. As a sign of this, he surrendered to him the keys of the Islamic cities of Mecca and <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>. As part of the Hijaz, Ta'if was also given over to Ottoman control and the city remained Ottoman for a further three centuries, until in 1802, when it was retaken by <a href="/wiki/Ikhwan" title="Ikhwan">rebels</a> allied with the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Saud" title="House of Saud">House of Saud</a>. These forces then proceeded to take Mecca and Medina. The loss was keenly felt by the Ottoman Empire, which viewed itself as the protector of the holy cities. The Ottoman sultan, <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_II" title="Mahmud II">Mahmud II</a>, called upon the <i>Wali</i> of <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt" title="Muhammad Ali of Egypt">Muhammad Ali</a>, who launched an attack on the Hejaz and reconquered Ta'if in 1813.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> In 1813, the <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Swiss</a> traveler and <a href="/wiki/Oriental_studies" title="Oriental studies">orientalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Johann_Ludwig_Burckhardt" title="Johann Ludwig Burckhardt">Johann Ludwig Burckhardt</a> visited Ta'if and left an eyewitness account of the city just after its recapture by the Muhammad Ali, with whom he obtained several interviews while he was there. Burckhardt reported that the wall and ditch around the city had been built by Othman el-Medhayfe. There were three gates and several towers on the city walls, which, however, were weak, being in some places only 45 cm (18 in) thick. Burckhardt stated that the castle had been built by <a href="/wiki/Sharif_of_Mecca" title="Sharif of Mecca">Sharif</a> <a href="/wiki/Ghalib_ibn_Musa%27id" title="Ghalib ibn Musa'id">Ghalib ibn Musa'id</a>. He noted the destruction of the city caused by the conquest of 1802. Most of the buildings were still in ruin while he was there, and the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Abbas" title="Ibn Abbas">'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas</a> – cousin of Muhammad and ancestor of the <a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasids</a> – had been severely damaged. He also recorded that the population of the city was still mostly <a href="/wiki/Banu_Thaqif" title="Banu Thaqif">Thaqīfi</a>. In terms of trade, the city was an <a href="/wiki/Entrep%C3%B4t" title="Entrepôt">entrepôt</a> for <a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87_-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87_-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.jpg/220px-%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87_-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87_-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.jpg/330px-%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87_-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87_-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.jpg/440px-%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87_-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="555" /></a><figcaption>Landscape from south of Ta'if</figcaption></figure> <p>The castle and military barracks in Ta'if were repaired by the Ottomans in 1843, a <i><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/h%C3%BCk%C3%BBmet" class="extiw" title="wikt:hükûmet">hükûmet</a> konağı</i></span></i> – mansion for government business – was built in 1869, and a post office was established sometime later.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arab_Revolt">Arab Revolt</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taifroad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Taifroad.jpg/220px-Taifroad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Taifroad.jpg/330px-Taifroad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Taifroad.jpg/440px-Taifroad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="483" /></a><figcaption>Road to Ta'if in the foreground, with the <a href="/wiki/Hijaz_Mountains" title="Hijaz Mountains">Hijaz Mountains</a> in the background</figcaption></figure> <p>Prior to the <a href="/wiki/Arab_Revolt" title="Arab Revolt">Arab Revolt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Bey" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmed Bey">Ahmed Bey</a> had been made the commander of Ottoman forces in Tā'if. He had under him a force of 3,000 soldiers and 10 pieces of <a href="/wiki/Mountain_artillery" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain artillery">mountain artillery</a>. Ghalib Pasha, the governor of the Hejaz was also present in the city. In 1916, the <a href="/wiki/Hashemite" class="mw-redirect" title="Hashemite">Hashemites</a> launched their revolt against the Ottoman Empire in Mecca in June. That city had fallen and then in July, <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_I_of_Jordan" title="Abdullah I of Jordan">Abdullah</a>, the eldest son of the Hashemite leader and <a href="/wiki/Hussein_bin_Ali,_Sharif_of_Mecca" class="mw-redirect" title="Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca">Sharif of Mecca, Husayn ibn Ali</a>, came with seventy men to Tā'if. Whilst his activities in the area aroused the suspicion of Ahmed Bey, Ghalib Pasha was unconcerned by so small a force. Abdullah secretly built up his army to 5,000 men. He then cut the telegraph wires to the city and took the offensive. All Hashemite assaults on the city were repelled by the mountain guns, and both sides settled down to an uneasy siege. However, Hashemite guns were slowly brought up to Tā'if, and then the city held out a little longer; before finally surrendering on 22 September. The city thus later became a part of the self-proclaimed <a href="/wiki/Hashemites" title="Hashemites">Hashemite</a> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hejaz" title="Kingdom of Hejaz">Kingdom of Hejaz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:10_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Saudi_conquest_and_modern_history">Saudi conquest and modern history</h3></div> <p>Ta'if did not remain in Hashemite hands for very long. Tensions between the King of the Hejaz, Husayn ibn Ali, and <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Saud" title="Ibn Saud">Abdulaziz al-Saud</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Third_Saudi_State" title="Third Saudi State">Emir of Nejd and Hasa</a>, soon broke out into violence. Although hostilities subsided in 1919, by September 1924, the then Saudi-sponsored <a href="/wiki/Ikhwan" title="Ikhwan">Ikhwan</a> <a href="/wiki/Militia" title="Militia">militia</a>, under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Sultan_bin_Bajad" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan bin Bajad">Sultan bin Bajad</a> and Khaled bin Luwai', was ready to attack Ta'if. The city was supposed to have been defended by the king's son, <a href="/wiki/Ali_of_Hejaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali of Hejaz">'Ali</a>, but he fled in panic with his troops. Three hundred of 'Ali's men were slain by the Ikhwan in what became known as the <a href="/wiki/Ta%27if_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Ta'if massacre">Ta'if massacre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1926, Abdulaziz al-Saud was officially recognized as the new King of Hejaz. Ta'if remained a part of the Kingdom of Hejaz until Abdulaziz al-Saud unified his two kingdoms and <a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Unification of Saudi Arabia">consolidated</a> them into the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</a> in 1932. In 1934 the treaty was signed here that established the boundary lines between Yemen and the kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The king himself was later to die in the city on 9 November 1953, as did <a href="/wiki/King_Khalid" class="mw-redirect" title="King Khalid">King Khalid</a> on 13 June 1982.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Ta'if was still little more than a medieval city when the Saudis took control of it. However, they later embarked on a project of modernizing the city. Saudi Arabia's first public power generator was set up in Ta'if in the late 1940s.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In terms of building roads to the isolated city, in 1965 the then King Faisal inaugurated the 54 mi (87 km) mountain highway between Mecca and Ta'if,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> now part of Highway 15 and known as the Taif – Al-Hada Road. In 1974, the approximately-650-kilometer Ta'if-<a href="/wiki/Abha" title="Abha">Abha</a>–<a href="/wiki/Jizan" title="Jizan">Jizan</a> highway was commissioned part of the Highway 15.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the <a href="/wiki/1991_Gulf_War" class="mw-redirect" title="1991 Gulf War">1991 Gulf War</a>, Ta'if was such a modern city in terms of communications that it was chosen as the site of the <a href="/wiki/Rendon_Group" title="Rendon Group">Rendon Group</a>'s television and radio network, which was used for communication with <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Iraqi occupation</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Dam_in_Taif.._(4313225424).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/The_Dam_in_Taif.._%284313225424%29.jpg/320px-The_Dam_in_Taif.._%284313225424%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="320" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/The_Dam_in_Taif.._%284313225424%29.jpg/480px-The_Dam_in_Taif.._%284313225424%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/The_Dam_in_Taif.._%284313225424%29.jpg/640px-The_Dam_in_Taif.._%284313225424%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Historic <i>sadd</i> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">سَدّ</span></span>, dam) in Ta'if</figcaption></figure> <p>The entirety of the Ta'if governorate is situated on a <a href="/wiki/Plateau" title="Plateau">raised valley</a> surrounded by the Hejaz Mountains (part of the <a href="/wiki/Sarawat_Mountains" title="Sarawat Mountains">Sarat mountains</a>) to the west and south. The city is situated at an elevation of 1,879 m (6,165 ft) <a href="/wiki/Above_Mean_Sea_Level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above Mean Sea Level">above mean sea level</a>. For comparison, the surrounding mountains which separate Ta'if from nearby villages such as Al-Hada and <a href="/wiki/Ash_Shafa" title="Ash Shafa">Ash-Shafa</a>, range in height anywhere from 2,000–3,500 m (6,600–11,500 ft). Ta'if is known to have had many <a href="/wiki/Wadi" title="Wadi"><i>wadis</i></a> with running water before, suggested by the presence of dams along many of these. Taif's highest point, the Jebel Daka is even the fifth highest peak of Saudi Arabia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3></div> <p>Ta'if has a hot <a href="/wiki/Desert_climate" title="Desert climate">desert climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> <i>BWh</i>), with hot summers and mild winters. It is much cooler in Ta'if during the summertime than it is other parts of Saudi Arabia, particularly Riyadh. Precipitation is low, but all months see some rain, with more rain in spring and late autumn than in other months.<sup id="cite_ref-JRCC_12-2016_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JRCC_12-2016-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PME_12-2015_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PME_12-2015-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Ta'if (1985-2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0<br />(89.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.6<br />(90.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.0<br />(93.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.2<br />(95.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.2<br />(100.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF0800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.2<br />(104.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.5<br />(104.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0B00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.8<br />(103.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.2<br />(102.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0<br />(96.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.5<br />(90.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0600; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">40.5<br />(104.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.3<br />(81.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1<br />(86.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.5<br />(92.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.8<br />(96.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.2<br />(95.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.7<br />(96.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.8<br />(94.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.7<br />(87.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.7<br />(80.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">30.1<br />(86.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.9<br />(67.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2<br />(79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.1<br />(84.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.1<br />(84.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.3<br />(84.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.9<br />(82.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4<br />(47.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.1<br />(66.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.3<br />(72.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2<br />(73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6<br />(74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.8<br />(60.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3<br />(54.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5<br />(49.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.1<br />(60.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.5<br />(29.3) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(32.9) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6<br />(42.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0<br />(46.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.0<br />(30.2) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−1.5<br />(29.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(0.39) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(0.06) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.1<br />(0.59) </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.7<br />(1.41) </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.3<br />(1.39) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(0.15) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(0.08) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(0.70) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6<br />(0.42) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6<br />(0.57) </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(0.98) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6<br />(0.30) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">179.3<br />(7.04) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #3030FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">54 </td> <td style="background: #4B4BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47 </td> <td style="background: #4B4BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47 </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38 </td> <td style="background: #9F9FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25 </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27 </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31 </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33 </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42 </td> <td style="background: #2828FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #5656FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">44 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <sup id="cite_ref-JRCC_12-2016_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JRCC_12-2016-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PME_12-2015_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PME_12-2015-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy_and_development">Economy and development</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosa_damascena_ps.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Rosa_damascena_ps.jpg/235px-Rosa_damascena_ps.jpg" decoding="async" width="235" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Rosa_damascena_ps.jpg/352px-Rosa_damascena_ps.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Rosa_damascena_ps.jpg/469px-Rosa_damascena_ps.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rosa_%C3%97_damascena" title="Rosa × damascena">Rosa × damascena</a> (<i>R. damascena trigintipetala</i>) flower in Ta'if</figcaption></figure> <p>Historically, Ta'if's economy depended on <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a> and the cultivation of <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">roses</a>, which were traded throughout <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Transoxiana" title="Transoxiana">Transoxiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Prothero86_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Prothero86-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ta'if's modern economy is still mostly dependent on agriculture and <a href="/wiki/Perfume" title="Perfume">perfumes</a>, but an increasing diversification project has been taking place in order to combat the city's heavy dependence on these two industries.<sup id="cite_ref-Skylife_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Skylife-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The distilled <a href="/wiki/Rose_oil" title="Rose oil">rose oil</a> from the <i>Rosa × damascena</i> plant has been traditionally used as an attar in the Middle East, usually as a masculine fragrance, and due to its cultivation in Ta'if, it has gained the name "Ta'if rose."<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On October 1, 2017, <a href="/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="King of Saudi Arabia">King</a> <a href="/wiki/Salman_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Salman of Saudi Arabia">Salman of Saudi Arabia</a> inaugurated the "New Ta'if" project, a $3.9 billion project<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> aiming at establishing a new, international airport in the city, dubbed the Ta'if International Airport, renovation and modernization of the historic <a href="/wiki/Souk_Okaz" title="Souk Okaz">Souk 'Okaz</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:12_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> establishment of the Oasis of Technology, which is expected to include an <a href="/wiki/Antonov" title="Antonov">Antonov</a> aircraft manufacturing and assembly plant, an industrial airport with a 3.5-km runway, a <a href="/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station" title="Photovoltaic power station">solar farm</a> covering 25,000 square metres (270,000 sq ft) expected to produce 30 MW of electricity,<sup id="cite_ref-:12_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Residential Suburb, which is expected to include 10,000 residential units,<sup id="cite_ref-:12_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Industrial City, an 11-square-kilometre (4.2 sq mi) industrial city with a complex for heavy, medium and light industries along with a vocational training center,<sup id="cite_ref-:12_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the University City, a 16-square-kilometre (6.2 sq mi) university projected to be built in the Saiysad National Park.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_34-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_35-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jabal_Dakka,_Al_Shafa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Jabal_Dakka%2C_Al_Shafa.jpg/328px-Jabal_Dakka%2C_Al_Shafa.jpg" decoding="async" width="328" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Jabal_Dakka%2C_Al_Shafa.jpg/492px-Jabal_Dakka%2C_Al_Shafa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Jabal_Dakka%2C_Al_Shafa.jpg/656px-Jabal_Dakka%2C_Al_Shafa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jabal_Daka" title="Jabal Daka">Jabal Dakka</a> near <a href="/wiki/Ash_Shafa" title="Ash Shafa">Ash-Shafa</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_landmarks">Natural landmarks</h3></div> <p>Al Rudaf Park is a large natural park in South Ta'if, where trees stand amidst weathered granite rocks. The site also has a small zoo. Additionally, the park has a large lake with fountains and cannons.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ta'if rose plantation is a complex of rose fields filled with small fragrant pink roses that are distilled into expensive Ta'if rose oil.<sup id="cite_ref-ormondejayne.com%20_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ormondejayne.com%2520-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The famous grown here is the 30-petal <a href="/wiki/Rosa_%C3%97_damascena" title="Rosa × damascena">Damask rose</a> (<i>Rosa damascena trigintipetala</i>), whose scent has been described as a robust, spicy, and dizzyingly complex scent<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which has been used by several luxury perfume brands, including <a href="/wiki/Ormonde_Jayne" title="Ormonde Jayne">Ormonde Jayne</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ormondejayne.com%20_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ormondejayne.com%2520-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Chanel" title="Chanel">Chanel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guerlain" title="Guerlain">Guerlain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Herm%C3%A8s" title="Hermès">Hermès</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Nuqbat al-Hamra'</i> park near <a href="/wiki/Al_Hada" title="Al Hada">Al-Hada</a> is a large nature preserve at an elevation of 2,100 metres (6,900 feet) above sea level.<sup id="cite_ref-Cuddihy2001_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cuddihy2001-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Al-Shafa,_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Shafa, Saudi Arabia">Ash-Shafā</a> is a small village situated high up in the mountains at an elevation of 2,200 to 2,500 metres (7,200 to 8,200 feet) above sea level, rich in agricultural products. The fruit gardens of Ta'if are located here. A <a href="/wiki/Dromedary" title="Dromedary">camel</a> ride is available,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Jabal_Daka" title="Jabal Daka">Jabal Dakka</a> is within view of the village.<sup id="cite_ref-Cuddihy2001_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cuddihy2001-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Saiysad National Park is located in New Ta’if.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums_and_historic_landmarks">Museums and historic landmarks</h3></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%B9%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B8.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%B9%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B8.JPG/279px-%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%B9%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B8.JPG" decoding="async" width="279" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%B9%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B8.JPG/419px-%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%B9%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B8.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%B9%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B8.JPG/558px-%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%B9%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B8.JPG 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="869" /></a><figcaption>Map of the historic <a href="/wiki/Souk_Okaz" title="Souk Okaz">Souk 'Okaz</a> from the book Sahih al-Akhbar<sup id="cite_ref-Bulaihad1952_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bulaihad1952-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Located 40 km (25 mi) north of Ta'if is the site of the <a href="/wiki/Souk_Okaz" title="Souk Okaz">Souk 'Okaz</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Bulaihad1952_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bulaihad1952-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the largest and best known of the pre-Islamic <a href="/wiki/Souk" class="mw-redirect" title="Souk"><i>souks</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>souq</i> was a scene of annual social, political and commercial gatherings. It was also the location of competitive recitation of poetry and prose. The buildings remain, including prominent outlines of walls of <a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">basaltic</a> stone. Wadi Mitna is a <i><a href="/wiki/Wadi" title="Wadi">wadi</a></i> believed to be the location where Muhammad sought refuge from the tribes of <a href="/wiki/Hawazin" title="Hawazin">Hawazin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thaqif" class="mw-redirect" title="Thaqif">Thaqif</a> in 619 AD, after he was stoned by the tribes. He was later given sanctuary by his fellows in a small house, which has now been converted into a <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a>. Shubra Palace is the regional museum of Ta'if, housed in a building built around 1900, which served as <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Saud" title="Ibn Saud">Ibn Saud</a>'s lodging in the 1930s,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was also used as the Presidency of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia">Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia</a> during <a href="/wiki/Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Faisal of Saudi Arabia">King Faisal</a>'s reign.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Turkish Fort was a fort located near the <a href="/wiki/Souk_Okaz" title="Souk Okaz">Souk 'Okaz</a>, many battles have been fought here and many prominent graves can be found, though only a small part of the original fort remains. Legend has it that <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_of_arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence of arabia">Lawrence of Arabia</a> also fought here.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Badawi Fortress is located in the southern reaches of East Ta’if.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts">Arts</h3></div> <p>The Souk 'Okaz, one of the best known pre-Islamic <i>souks</i>, was not only a market, but in many ways, a historic theater, where <a href="/wiki/Political_sociology" title="Political sociology">sociopolitical</a> and commercial exchanges took place between the tribes of <a href="/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabia" title="Pre-Islamic Arabia">pre-Islamic Arabia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People from around the peninsula would come to visit the idol of the goddess <a href="/wiki/Al-Lat" title="Al-Lat"><i>Lat</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is proof that Ta'if has long been a historic center for trade and the arts in the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a>; contemporary theaters in the area include the 'Okaz Market Theater<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the recently opened King 'Abdullah Park Theater.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Performing_arts" title="Performing arts">performing arts</a> theater is also located in the nearby town of Qia and is known as the Folk Theater of Qia.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the framework of Saudi Seasons initiative, the first Ta'if Season took place on August 1, 2019. Artists from seven countries participated in the event and a wide range of activities were overseen. Three main events have taken place during the season including the Souk 'Okaz festival and a <a href="/wiki/Camel_racing" title="Camel racing">camel race</a>. As a sideline to the event, a rose festival in the city as well as a number of concerts and plays were held.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3></div> <p>Like most of Saudi Arabia, the most popular sport among Saudis in Ta'if is football. <a href="/wiki/Wej_SC" title="Wej SC">Wej SC</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_Football_Federation" title="Saudi Arabian Football Federation">Saudi Arabian Football Federation</a>) plays at <a href="/wiki/King_Fahd_Sports_City" title="King Fahd Sports City">King Fahd Sports City</a> in North Ta'if near <a href="/wiki/As_Sayl_as_Saghir" title="As Sayl as Saghir">as-Sayl as-Saghir</a> and is the football team representing the city. The expatriate minority in the city has brought several other games with them to Ta'if, including <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a>, <a href="/wiki/Badminton" title="Badminton">badminton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">volleyball</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Al_Hawiyah_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Hawiyah Stadium">Al Hawiyah Stadium</a> is the local football pitch. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ISS-42_Taif,_Mecca_and_Jeddah_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/ISS-42_Taif%2C_Mecca_and_Jeddah_at_night.jpg/220px-ISS-42_Taif%2C_Mecca_and_Jeddah_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/ISS-42_Taif%2C_Mecca_and_Jeddah_at_night.jpg/330px-ISS-42_Taif%2C_Mecca_and_Jeddah_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/ISS-42_Taif%2C_Mecca_and_Jeddah_at_night.jpg/440px-ISS-42_Taif%2C_Mecca_and_Jeddah_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3280" /></a><figcaption><b>Left to Right:</b> Ta'if, <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeddah" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a> seen from the <a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">ISS</a> at night</figcaption></figure> <p>Due to Ta'if's location in the mountains, most major highways either bend around the city or avoid the region completely. The only major highway in the Saudi Arabian network to pass through Ta'if is Highway 15 (known to locals as the Taif – Al-Hada Road) which arrives from Mecca in the west, bends around the mountains through Al-Hada, passes through the center of Ta'if, and travels to <a href="/wiki/Abha" title="Abha">Abha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Khamis_Mushait" title="Khamis Mushait">Khamis Mushait</a> via <a href="/wiki/Al_Bahah" title="Al Bahah">Baha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baljurashi" title="Baljurashi">Baljurashi</a>. Ta'if is connected to <a href="/wiki/Highway_40_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Highway 40 (Saudi Arabia)">Highway 40</a> via Highway 267 and Highway 287. Highway 267 forms the western part of the Ta'if beltway, but then continues southward toward <a href="/wiki/Ash_Shafa" title="Ash Shafa">Ash-Shafa</a>, bypassing Mecca by using a longer route and gives access to Highway 304, Highway 301, <a href="/wiki/Highway_40_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Highway 40 (Saudi Arabia)">Highway 40</a> and Highway 290 via Highway 298.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Ta'if is served by the <a href="/wiki/Taif_International_Airport" title="Taif International Airport">Taif International Airport</a>. It was scheduled to open in 2020, but this had been delayed due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. The new airport is mainly designed to cater to pilgrims of <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> and '<a href="/wiki/Umrah" title="Umrah">Umrah</a>, and to relieve pressure off the <a href="/wiki/King_Abdulaziz_International_Airport" title="King Abdulaziz International Airport">King Abdulaziz International Airport</a> in Jeddah.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:7_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2></div> <p>In 2004 <a href="/wiki/Taif_University" title="Taif University">Taif University</a> was established which offers both undergraduate and graduate programs across four colleges and 16 faculties.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has four campuses located in the Taif Governorate, with the main campus in Al-Hawiyya.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014 the <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canadian</a> <a href="/wiki/Niagara_College" title="Niagara College">Niagara College</a> opened a campus in Taif with programs in tourism, hospitality, and business.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This effort is part of the Colleges of Excellence program.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The college faced criticism for being open to men only, including from the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Association_of_University_Teachers" title="Canadian Association of University Teachers">Canadian Association of University Teachers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:15_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2023 it is unclear whether the campus in Taif is still active, with even the main website of Niagara College KSA having mixed information.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Famous_people">Famous people</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Taif" title="Special:EditPage/Taif">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Taif%22">"Taif"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Taif%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Taif%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Taif%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Taif%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Taif%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tribes">Tribes</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Tribes_of_Arabia" title="Tribes of Arabia">Tribes of Arabia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adnanites" title="Adnanites">Adnanites</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Qahtanite" title="Qahtanite">Qahtanites</a></div> <p>The historically well-known tribe of <a href="/wiki/Banu_Thaqif" title="Banu Thaqif">Thaqif</a> still lives in and around the city of Ta'if. ‘Utaibah is another <a href="/wiki/Adnanites" title="Adnanites">Adnani tribe</a> which still lives in Ta'if. <a href="/wiki/Bani_Hareth" class="mw-redirect" title="Bani Hareth">Banu Harith</a> is one of the <a href="/wiki/Qahtani_Arabs" class="mw-redirect" title="Qahtani Arabs">Qahtani Arabs</a> tribes living around Ta'if in Saudi Arabia. The tribe claims a very large area around the city in the area between Ta'if and <a href="/wiki/Al_Qunfudhah" title="Al Qunfudhah">Qunfudhah</a> in Saudi Arabia. Thu al-Isba' al-'Adwani was an <a href="/wiki/Arabic_poetry" title="Arabic poetry">Arabic poet</a> and a man of wisdom from the Banu 'Adwan tribe that historically lived in the northern parts of Ta'if. Furthermore, Banu Thabit are people descended from Thabit and the tribe is originally part of <a href="/wiki/Hawazin" title="Hawazin">Hawazin</a> clan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Births_in_the_pre-modern_era">Births in the pre-modern era</h3></div> <p><b>Pre-Islamic leaders of Banu Thaqif</b> During the <a href="/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabia" title="Pre-Islamic Arabia">pre-Islamic</a> era, the city was populated by the tribe of Thaqif. The city had then the following chieftains: </p> <ul><li>'<a href="/wiki/Urwah_ibn_Mas%27ud" class="mw-redirect" title="Urwah ibn Mas'ud">Urwah ibn Mas'ud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abd-Ya-Layl_ibn_Amr" title="Abd-Ya-Layl ibn Amr">'Abd-ya-Layl ibn 'Amr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uthman_ibn_Abu-al-Aas" class="mw-redirect" title="Uthman ibn Abu-al-Aas">'Uthman ibn Abu al-'Aas</a></li></ul> <p><b>Other important Islamic figures</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uthman_ibn_Affan" class="mw-redirect" title="Uthman ibn Affan">'Uthman ibn 'Affan</a> (579–656) — 3rd <a href="/wiki/Rashidun" title="Rashidun">Rashidun</a> <a href="/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate" title="Rashidun Caliphate">Caliph</a> and <a href="/wiki/Son-in-law" class="mw-redirect" title="Son-in-law">son-in-law</a> of Muhammad</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hajjaj_ibn_Yusuf" title="Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf">Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf</a> (661–714) — <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad</a>-era <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Iraq">Governor of Iraq</a> and general</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_bin_Qasim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad bin Qasim">Muhammad bin Qasim</a> (695–715) — <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad</a> general who conquered the <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Punjab" title="Punjab">Punjab</a> regions along the <a href="/wiki/Indus_River" title="Indus River">Indus River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hurr_ibn_Abd_al-Rahman_al-Thaqafi" title="Al-Hurr ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Thaqafi">Al-Hurr ibn Abd al-Rahman</a> Fourth ruler of Al-Andalus during the Umayyad rule</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharif_Ali" title="Sharif Ali">Sharif Ali</a> ibn Ajlan ibn Rumaithah ibn Muhammad, son-in-law and successor of <a href="/wiki/Sultan_Ahmad_of_Brunei" title="Sultan Ahmad of Brunei">Sultan Ahmad of Brunei</a>, father of <a href="/wiki/Sulaiman_(Brunei)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulaiman (Brunei)">Sultan Sulaiman</a>, and a descendant of Muhammad<sup id="cite_ref-history-centre_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-centre-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Births_in_the_modern_era">Births in the modern era</h3></div> <p><b>Monarchs and royals</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faisal_I_of_Iraq" title="Faisal I of Iraq">King Faisal I of Iraq</a> (1885–1933) — 20th-century <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Iraq" title="Kingdom of Iraq">King of Syria and Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naif_bin_Abdul_Aziz" class="mw-redirect" title="Naif bin Abdul Aziz">Prince Nayef bin 'Abdulaziz Al Saud</a> (1934–2012) — former <a href="/wiki/Crown_Prince_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia">Crown Prince</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Interior_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Ministry of Interior (Saudi Arabia)">Minister of Interior of Saudi Arabia</a></li></ul> <p><b>Others</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hadi_Soua%27an_Al-Somaily" title="Hadi Soua'an Al-Somaily">Hadi Soua'an Al-Somaily</a> (1976–present) — First Saudi Olympic medal winner.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutlaq_Hamid_Al-Otaibi" title="Mutlaq Hamid Al-Otaibi">Mutlaq Hamid Al-Otaibi</a> (1937–95) — poet and writer; member of the Faculty of Sharia' at the <a href="/wiki/Umm_al-Qura_University" title="Umm al-Qura University">Umm al-Qura' University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hani_Hanjour" title="Hani Hanjour">Hani Hanjour</a> (1972–2001) — 9/11 hijacker pilot who crashed <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines_flight_77" class="mw-redirect" title="American Airlines flight 77">American Airlines flight 77</a> into <a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">The Pentagon</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deaths">Deaths</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Abbas" title="Ibn Abbas">'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas</a> (619–687) — <a href="/wiki/Cousin" title="Cousin">cousin</a> of Muhammad</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midhat_Pasha" title="Midhat Pasha">Midhat Pasha</a> (1822–83) — Ottoman <a href="/wiki/Grand_vizier" title="Grand vizier">grand vizier</a>; assassinated by strangulation in prison</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Saud" title="Ibn Saud">Ibn Saud</a> (1875–1953) — founder and 1st king of the <a href="/wiki/Third_Saudi_State" title="Third Saudi State">Third Saudi State</a>, the modern <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Saudi Arabia">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Khalid of Saudi Arabia">Khalid of Saudi Arabia</a> (1913–1982) — 4th king of Saudi Arabia and son of Ibn Saud</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governors">Governors</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Empty_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>This section is empty.</b> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Taif&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Kateb_House" title="Al-Kateb House">Al-Kateb House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Jadhimah" title="Banu Jadhimah">Banu Jadhimah</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miqat" title="Miqat">Miqat</a></i> of Qarnul-Manazil at <a href="/wiki/As_Sayl_al_Kabir" title="As Sayl al Kabir">As Sayl al Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taif_Agreement" title="Taif Agreement">Ta'if Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Utaybah" class="mw-redirect" title="'Utaybah">'Utaybah</a></li></ul> <div class="boilerplate" style="font-size: 95%;"><i>The contents of this article incorporate material from an <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Taif">entry in the <b>Enciclopedia Libre Universal</b></a>, published in Spanish under <a href="/wiki/GFDL" class="mw-redirect" title="GFDL">GFDL</a></i>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output 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.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-cities-and-towns-in-Saudi-Arabia-2066809">"List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-04-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=List+of+cities+and+towns+in+Saudi+Arabia&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Flist-of-cities-and-towns-in-Saudi-Arabia-2066809&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taifcity.gov.sa/pages/%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B0%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81-57.aspx">"Brief about Ta'if City"</a>. <i>Ta'if City</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ta%27if+City&rft.atitle=Brief+about+Ta%27if+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taifcity.gov.sa%2Fpages%2F%25D9%2586%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B0%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25B9%25D9%2586-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B7%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A6%25D9%2581-57.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.islamawakened.com/quran/43/31/">Q43:31</a>, 50+ translations, islamawakened.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1977/08/09/archives/taif-is-saudis-summer-capital.html">"Taif Is Saudis' Summer Capital"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 1977-08-09. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-07-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Taif+Is+Saudis%27+Summer+Capital&rft.date=1977-08-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1977%2F08%2F09%2Farchives%2Ftaif-is-saudis-summer-capital.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPesce,_Angelo.1984" class="citation book cs1">Pesce, Angelo. (1984). <i>Taif : the summer capital of Saudi Arabia</i>. Jeddah: Immel. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-907151-27-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-907151-27-2"><bdi>0-907151-27-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/498664227">498664227</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Taif+%3A+the+summer+capital+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.place=Jeddah&rft.pub=Immel&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F498664227&rft.isbn=0-907151-27-2&rft.au=Pesce%2C+Angelo.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/node/1519671/saudi-arabia">"Taif emerges as top local tourist destination in Saudi Arabia"</a>. <i>Arab News</i>. 2019-07-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Al-%E1%B9%AC%C4%81%CA%BEif+%7C+Saudi+Arabia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FAl-Taif&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDepartment" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Department, IT. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.taifcity.gov.sa/pages/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A-72.aspx">"التقسيم الإداري بمحافظة الطائف"</a>. <i>أمانة الطائف</i> (in Arabic).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81&rft.atitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A+%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81&rft.aulast=Department&rft.aufirst=IT&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taifcity.gov.sa%2Fpages%2F%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AA%25D9%2582%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A%25D9%2585-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A5%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A-72.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDepartment" class="citation web cs1">Department, IT. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gisapps.taifcity.gov.sa/basemap/index.html#">"مستكشف الطائف الجغرافي"</a>. <i>أمانة الطائف</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81&rft.atitle=%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%B4%D9%81+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A&rft.aulast=Department&rft.aufirst=IT&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgisapps.taifcity.gov.sa%2Fbasemap%2Findex.html%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://saudigazette.com.sa/article/572035">"Set for opening in 2020, Taif airport still in designing stage"</a>. <i>Saudigazette</i>. 2019-07-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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New York. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-03-043731-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-03-043731-8"><bdi>0-03-043731-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7575513">7575513</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+House+of+Saud+%3A+the+Rise+and+Rule+of+the+Most+Powerful+Dynasty+in+the+Arab+World&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st+American&rft.date=1982-01&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7575513&rft.isbn=0-03-043731-8&rft.au=Holden%2C+David.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Merriam-Webster's geographical dictionary. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198206/foundations-the.pillars.htm">the original</a> on 2012-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Aramco+World&rft.atitle=Foundations%3A+The+Pillars&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiaramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F198206%2Ffoundations-the.pillars.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120202110445/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/196603/masterpieces.by.the.million.htm">"Masterpieces By The Million"</a>. <i>Saudi Aramco World</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/196603/masterpieces.by.the.million.htm">the original</a> on 2012-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Aramco+World&rft.atitle=Masterpieces+By+The+Million&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiaramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F196603%2Fmasterpieces.by.the.million.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120202120740/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/197403/made.in-saudi.arabia.htm">"Made In: Saudi Arabia"</a>. <i>Saudi Aramco World</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/197403/made.in-saudi.arabia.htm">the original</a> on 2012-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Aramco+World&rft.atitle=Made+In%3A+Saudi+Arabia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiaramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F197403%2Fmade.in-saudi.arabia.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JRCC_12-2016-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JRCC_12-2016_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JRCC_12-2016_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161211044841/http://jrcc.sa/climate_data_observatory_sa.php">"Jeddah Regional Climate Center"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jrcc.sa/climate_data_observatory_sa.php">the original</a> on 11 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jeddah+Regional+Climate+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjrcc.sa%2Fclimate_data_observatory_sa.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PME_12-2015-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PME_12-2015_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PME_12-2015_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052523/http://jrcc.sa/reports_files/1985_2010Reports/Taif.RTF">"Surface annual climatological report"</a>. PME. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jrcc.sa/reports_files/1985_2010Reports/Taif.RTF">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Surface+annual+climatological+report&rft.pub=PME&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjrcc.sa%2Freports_files%2F1985_2010Reports%2FTaif.RTF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Prothero86-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Prothero86_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProthero1920" class="citation book cs1">Prothero, G. W. (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11767/view/1/86/"><i>Arabia</i></a>. London: H.M. Stationery Office. p. 86.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arabia&rft.place=London&rft.pages=86&rft.pub=H.M.+Stationery+Office&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Prothero&rft.aufirst=G.+W.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wdl.org%2Fen%2Fitem%2F11767%2Fview%2F1%2F86%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/node/1240951/saudi-arabia">"Prince Khaled announces SR14.6bn projects in Taif, Moya and Misan"</a>. <i>Arab News</i>. 2018-02-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Gurfati. 2017-03-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Guide+to+Exploring+Taif+a.k.a+City+of+Roses&rft.pub=Gurfati&rft.date=2017-03-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.gurfati.com%2Fultimate-guide-taif%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:11-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:11_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fragrantica.com/notes/Taif-Rose-115.html">"Taif Rose perfume ingredient, Taif Rose fragrance and essential oils Rosa damascena trigintipetala"</a>. <i>www.fragrantica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+NCKSA+%E2%80%93+NCKSA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fncksa.com%2Fen%2Fhome%2Fwhy-ncksa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaclean1989" class="citation book cs1">Maclean, Derryl (1989). <i>Religion and Society in Arab Sind</i>. <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Academic Publishers</a>. pp. 22–29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-08551-3" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-08551-3"><bdi>90-04-08551-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+and+Society+in+Arab+Sind&rft.pages=22-29&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Publishers&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=90-04-08551-3&rft.aulast=Maclean&rft.aufirst=Derryl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history-centre-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-history-centre_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150415152209/http://www.history-centre.gov.bn/sultanbrunei.htm">"Pusat Sejarah Brunei"</a> (in Malay). www.history-centre.gov.bn. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200101/great.leaps-saudi.arabia.s.first.olympic.medals.htm">the original</a> on 2012-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Aramco+World&rft.atitle=Great+Leaps%3A+Saudi+Arabia%27s+First+Olympic+Medals&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiaramcoworld.com%2Fissue%2F200101%2Fgreat.leaps-saudi.arabia.s.first.olympic.medals.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaif" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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id="People_and_things_in_the_Quran" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People and things in the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Characters" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_characters_and_names_mentioned_in_the_Quran" title="List of characters and names mentioned in the Quran">Characters</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Non-humans" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Non-humans</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">Allāh</a> ('The <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a>') <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Islam" title="Names of God in Islam">Names</a> of <a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a> found in the Quran, such as <i>Karīm</i> (Generous)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Baqara" title="Al-Baqara">baqara</a></i> (cow) of Israelites</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Joseph_in_Islam#The_plot_against_Joseph" title="Joseph in Islam">dhiʾb</a></i> (wolf) that Jacob feared could attack Joseph</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Fil" title="Al-Fil">fīl</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/War_elephant" title="War elephant">elephant</a>) of the Abyssinians</li> <li><i>Ḥimār</i> (<a href="/wiki/Donkey" title="Donkey">Domesticated donkey</a>)</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam#Reign" title="Solomon in Islam">hud-hud</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hoopoe" title="Hoopoe">hoopoe</a>) of Solomon</li> <li>The <i>kalb</i> (dog) of the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Islam" title="Seven Sleepers">sleepers of the cave</a></li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam#Reign" title="Solomon in Islam">namlah</a></i> (female ant) of Solomon</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Jonah#The_fish" title="Jonah">nūn</a></i> (fish or whale) of Jonah</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/She-Camel_of_God" class="mw-redirect" title="She-Camel of God">nāqat</a></i> (she-camel) of Ṣāliḥ</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>ʿAnkabūt</i> (Female <a href="/wiki/Spider" title="Spider">spider</a>)</li> <li><i>Dābbat al-Arḍ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Beast_of_the_Earth" title="Beast of the Earth">Beast of the Earth</a>)</li> <li><i>Ḥimār</i> (<a href="/wiki/Onager" title="Onager">Wild ass</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Honey#Ancient_times" title="Honey">Naḥl</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Honey_bee" title="Honey bee">Honey bee</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qaswarah" class="mw-redirect" title="Qaswarah">Qaswarah</a></i> ('<a href="/wiki/Asiatic_lion" title="Asiatic lion">Lion</a>', 'beast of prey' or 'hunter')</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Malāʾikah</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Angels of Hell <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maalik" title="Maalik">Mālik</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zabaniyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Zabaniyya">Zabāniyah</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bearers_of_the_Throne" title="Bearers of the Throne">Bearers of the Throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harut_and_Marut" title="Harut and Marut">Harut and Marut</a></li> <li><i>Kirāman Kātibīn</i> (Honourable Scribes) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raqib" class="mw-redirect" title="Raqib">Raqib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atid" title="Atid">Atid</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munkar_and_Nakir" title="Munkar and Nakir">Munkar and Nakir</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Muqarrabun" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archangel#Islam" title="Archangel"><i>Muqarrabun</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel#Islam" title="Gabriel">Jibrīl</a> (Gabriel, chief) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C5%AB%E1%B8%A5" title="Rūḥ">Ar-Rūḥ</a></i> ('The Spirit') <ul><li><i>Ar-Rūḥ al-Amīn</i> ('The Trustworthy Spirit')</li> <li><i>Ar-Rūḥ al-Qudus</i> ('The <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a>')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Angel of the Trumpet (<a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Isrāfīl</a> or <a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Azrael#In_Islam" title="Azrael">Malakul-Mawt</a></i> (Angel of Death, Azrael)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)#Islam" title="Michael (archangel)">Mīkāil</a> (Michael)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Jinn" title="Jinn">Jinn</a></i> (Genies)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jann_(legendary_creature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jann (legendary creature)">Jann</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ifrit#Islamic_scripture" title="Ifrit">ʿIfrīt</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asmodeus" title="Asmodeus">Sakhr</a></i> (Asmodeus)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qareen" title="Qareen">Qarīn</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Shaitan" title="Shaitan">Shayāṭīn</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Demon" title="Demon">Demons</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iblis" title="Iblis">Iblīs</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Satan#Islam" title="Satan">ash-Shayṭān</a></i> (the (chief) <a href="/wiki/Devil" title="Devil">Devil</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marid" title="Marid">Mārid</a></i> ('Rebellious one')</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ghilman" title="Ghilman">Ghilmān</a></i> or <i>Wildān</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Houri" title="Houri">Ḥūr</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Prophets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Prophets</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam_in_Islam" title="Adam in Islam">Ādam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Yasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Yasa">Al-Yasa</a>ʿ (<a href="/wiki/Elisha" title="Elisha">Elisha</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_in_Islam" title="Job in Islam">Ayyūb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Job_(biblical_figure)" title="Job (biblical figure)">Job</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_in_Islam" title="David in Islam">Dāwūd</a> (<a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhul-Kifl" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhul-Kifl">Dhūl-Kifl</a> (Ezekiel?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_in_Islam" title="Aaron in Islam">Hārūn</a> (Aaron)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hud_(prophet)" title="Hud (prophet)">Hūd</a> (Eber?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idris_(prophet)" title="Idris (prophet)">Idrīs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Enoch" title="Enoch">Enoch</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah#Elijah_in_Islam" title="Elijah">Ilyās</a> (Elijah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim#In_Islam" title="Joachim">ʿImrān</a> (Joachim the father of Maryam)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_in_Islam" title="Isaac in Islam">Isḥāq</a> (<a href="/wiki/Isaac" title="Isaac">Isaac</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishmael_in_Islam" title="Ishmael in Islam">Ismāʿīl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ishmael" title="Ishmael">Ishmael</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binding_of_Isaac#Muslim_views" title="Binding of Isaac">Dhabih Ullah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_in_Islam" title="Lot in Islam">Lūṭ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lot_(biblical_person)" title="Lot (biblical person)">Lot</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salih" title="Salih">Ṣāliḥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuaib" title="Shuaib">Shuʿayb</a> (Jethro, Reuel or <a href="/wiki/Hobab_(biblical_figure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hobab (biblical figure)">Hobab</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam" title="Solomon in Islam">Sulaymān</a> ibn Dāwūd (<a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a> son of David)</li> <li>ʿ<a href="/wiki/Uzair" title="Uzair">Uzair</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ezra" title="Ezra">Ezra</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist#Islam" title="John the Baptist">Yaḥyā</a> ibn Zakariyyā (<a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a> the son of Zechariah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_in_Islam" title="Jacob in Islam">Yaʿqūb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jacob" title="Jacob">Jacob</a>) <ul><li>Isrāʾīl (Israel)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah#Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah">Yūnus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jonah" title="Jonah">Jonah</a>) <ul><li><i>Dhūn-Nūn</i> ('He of the <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">Fish</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Whale" title="Whale">Whale</a>)' or 'Owner of the Fish (or Whale)')</li> <li><i>Ṣāḥib al-Ḥūt</i> ('Companion of the Whale')</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_in_Islam" title="Joseph in Islam">Yūsuf</a> ibn Ya‘qūb (<a href="/wiki/Joseph" title="Joseph">Joseph</a> son of Jacob)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)#In_Islam" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zakariyyā</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zechariah</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ulu-l-%E2%80%98Azm" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulu-l-‘Azm">Ulul-ʿAzm</a></i><br />('Those of the<br /> Perseverance<br /> and Strong Will')</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muḥammad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_the_Quran" title="Muhammad in the Quran">Aḥmad</a></li> <li>Other <a href="/wiki/Names_and_titles_of_Muhammad" title="Names and titles of Muhammad">names and titles of Muhammad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">ʿĪsā</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>) <ul><li><i>Al-Masīḥ</i> (The <a href="/wiki/Messiah" title="Messiah">Messiah</a>)</li> <li><i>Ibn Maryam</i> (Son of Mary)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_in_Islam" title="Moses in Islam">Mūsā Kalīmullāh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a> He who spoke to God)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Ibrāhīm Khalīlullāh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a> Friend of God)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_in_Islam" title="Noah in Islam">Nūḥ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Debatable ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhu_al-Qarnayn" title="Dhu al-Qarnayn">Dhūl-Qarnain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luqman" title="Luqman">Luqmān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_in_Islam" title="Mary in Islam">Maryam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talut" title="Talut">Ṭālūt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saul" title="Saul">Saul</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gideon" title="Gideon">Gideon</a>?)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah#Islamic_views" title="Jeremiah">Irmiyā</a> (Jeremiah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel#Islam" title="Samuel">Ṣamūʾīl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samuel" title="Samuel">Samuel</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua#In_Islam" title="Joshua">Yūshaʿ ibn Nūn</a> (Joshua, companion and successor of Moses)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="People_of_Prophets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People of Prophets</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Good ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Adam's immediate relatives <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cain_and_Abel_in_Islam" title="Cain and Abel in Islam">Martyred son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eve#Islamic_view" title="Eve">Wife</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_the_Carpenter" title="Habib the Carpenter">Believer of Ya-Sin</a></li> <li>Family of Noah <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamech_(father_of_Noah)" title="Lamech (father of Noah)">Father Lamech</a></li> <li>Mother Shamkhah bint Anush or Betenos</li></ul></li> <li>Luqman's son</li> <li>People of Abraham <ul><li>Mother Abiona or Amtelai the daughter of Karnebo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagar_in_Islam" title="Hagar in Islam">Ishmael's mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah#In_Islam" title="Sarah">Isaac's mother</a></li></ul></li> <li>People of Jesus <ul><li>Disciples (including <a href="/wiki/Peter_in_Islam" title="Peter in Islam">Peter</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Anne#In_Islam" title="Saint Anne">Mary's mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_(biblical_figure)#In_Islam" title="Elizabeth (biblical figure)">Zechariah's wife</a></li></ul></li> <li>People of Solomon <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bathsheba#Islam" title="Bathsheba">Mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Sheba#Islamic" title="Queen of Sheba">Queen of Sheba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asif_ibn_Barkhiya" title="Asif ibn Barkhiya">Vizier</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zayd_ibn_Harithah" class="mw-redirect" title="Zayd ibn Harithah">Zayd</a> (Muhammad's adopted son)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People of<br /> Joseph</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Brothers (including <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin in Islam">Binyāmin</a> (Benjamin) and <a href="/wiki/Simeon_(son_of_Jacob)" title="Simeon (son of Jacob)">Simeon</a>)</li> <li>Egyptians <ul><li><i>ʿAzīz</i> (<a href="/wiki/Potiphar" title="Potiphar">Potiphar</a>, Qatafir or Qittin)</li> <li><i>Malik</i> (King Ar-Rayyān ibn Al-Walīd))</li> <li>Wife of <i>ʿAzīz</i> (<a href="/wiki/Zuleikha_(tradition)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zuleikha (tradition)">Zulaykhah</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel#In_Islam" title="Rachel">Mother</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People of <br />Aaron and Moses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Egyptians <ul><li>Believer (Hizbil or Hizqil ibn Sabura)</li> <li><i>Imraʾat Firʿawn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Asiya" title="Asiya">Āsiyá bint Muzāḥim</a> the <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh%27s_daughter_(Exodus)#In_Muslim_tradition" title="Pharaoh's daughter (Exodus)">Wife of Pharaoh</a>, who adopted Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_in_Islam#Confrontation_with_sorcerers" title="Moses in Islam">Magicians of the Pharaoh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khidr" title="Khidr">Wise, pious man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zipporah" title="Zipporah">Moses' wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leah" title="Leah">Moses' sister-in-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochebed#The_Islamic_view_of_Jochebed" title="Jochebed">Mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam#Quranic_account" title="Miriam">Sister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Evil ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam#Family" title="Abraham in Islam">Āzar</a> (possibly <a href="/wiki/Terah#Islamic_tradition" title="Terah">Terah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharaohs_in_the_Bible" title="Pharaohs in the Bible">Firʿawn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaoh</a> of Moses' time)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haman_(Islam)" title="Haman (Islam)">Hāmān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goliath#Islam" title="Goliath">Jālūt</a> (Goliath)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korah#Quranic_reference" title="Korah">Qārūn</a> (Korah, cousin of Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samiri_(Islamic_figure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samiri (Islamic figure)">As-Sāmirī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ab%C5%AB_Lahab" class="mw-redirect" title="Abū Lahab">Abū Lahab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Slayers_of_%E1%B9%A2%C4%81li%E1%B8%A5%27s_she-camel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slayers of Ṣāliḥ's she-camel (page does not exist)">Slayers of Ṣāliḥ's she-camel</a> (Qaddar ibn Salif and Musda' ibn Dahr)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied or<br />not specified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraha" title="Abraha">Abraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaam#Balaam_in_the_Quran" title="Balaam">Bal'am/Balaam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar%E1%B9%A3%C4%AB%E1%B9%A3%C4%81" title="Barṣīṣā">Barṣīṣā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caleb#Quranic_account" title="Caleb">Caleb or Kaleb</a> the companion of Joshua</li> <li>Luqman's son</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_II" title="Nebuchadnezzar II">Nebuchadnezzar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimrod" title="Nimrod">Nimrod</a></li> <li>Rahmah the wife of Ayyub</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaddad" title="Shaddad">Shaddad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Groups" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Groups</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Jannah</i> <ul><li>People of Paradise</li> <li>People of the Burnt Garden</li></ul></li> <li><i>Aṣḥāb as-Sabt</i> (Companions of the <a href="/wiki/Sabbath" title="Sabbath">Sabbath</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Jesus' apostles</a> <ul><li><i>Ḥawāriyyūn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Disciples of Jesus</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Companions of Noah's Ark</a></li> <li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Kahf war-Raqīm</i> (<a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Islam" title="Seven Sleepers">Companions of the Cave</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sahab,_Jordan#Famous_places_in_Sahab" title="Sahab, Jordan">Al-Raqaim?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Fil" title="Al-Fil">Companions of the Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_towns_in_Saudi_Arabia#Al-Ukhd.C5.ABd_Archeological_Area" title="Ancient towns in Saudi Arabia">People of al-Ukhdūd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_Ya-Sin" title="People of Ya-Sin">People of a township in Surah Ya-Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medina#Pre-Islamic_times" title="Medina">People of Yathrib</a> or <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a></li> <li><i>Qawm Lūṭ</i> (People of Sodom and Gomorrah)</li> <li>Nation of Noah</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tribes,_ethnicitiesor_families" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tribes,<br /> ethnicities<br />or families</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>‘<a href="/wiki/Ajam" title="Ajam">Ajam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum_(endonym)" title="Rum (endonym)"><i>Ar-Rūm</i></a> (literally 'The Romans')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">Banī Isrāʾīl</a></i> (Children of Israel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sodom_and_Gomorrah#Islamic" title="Sodom and Gomorrah">Muʾtafikāt</a></i> (Sodom and Gomorrah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">People of Ibrahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah#Elijah_in_Islam" title="Elijah">People of Ilyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_in_Islam" title="Noah in Islam">People of Nuh</a></li> <li>People of Shuaib <ul><li><i>Ahl Madyan</i> <a href="/wiki/Midian#In_the_Qur'an" title="Midian">People of Madyan</a>)</li> <li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Aykah</i> ('Companions of the Wood')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Qawm <a href="/wiki/Jonah#Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah">Yūnus</a></i> (People of Jonah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog#Qur'an" title="Gog and Magog">Ya'juj and Ma'juj/Gog and Magog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copts" title="Copts">People of Fir'aun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_world" title="Muslim world">Current Ummah of Islam (Ummah of Muhammad)</a> <ul><li><i>Aṣḥāb Muḥammad</i> (<a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Prophet" title="Companions of the Prophet">Companions of Muhammad</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansar_(Islam)" title="Ansar (Islam)">Anṣār</a> (literally 'Helpers')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhajirun" title="Muhajirun">Muhajirun</a> (Emigrants from Mecca to Medina)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>People of <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Jamil" title="Umm Jamil">Wife of Abu Lahab</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_in_Islam" title="Job in Islam">Children of Ayyub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cain_and_Abel_in_Islam" title="Cain and Abel in Islam">Sons of Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wives_aboard_Noah%27s_Ark" title="Wives aboard Noah's Ark">Wife of Nuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot%27s_wife" title="Lot's wife">Wife of Lut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog#Qur'an" title="Gog and Magog"><i>Yaʾjūj wa Maʾjūj</i></a> (Gog and Magog)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Noah#Extrabiblical_sons_of_Noah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sons of Noah">Son of Nuh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Aʿrāb</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Tribes_of_Arabia" title="Tribes of Arabia">Arabs</a><br /> or <a href="/wiki/Bedouin" title="Bedouin">Bedouins</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BF%C4%80d" title="ʿĀd">ʿĀd</a> (people of Hud)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Rass" title="Companions of the Rass">Companions of the Rass</a></li> <li><i>Qawm Tubbaʿ</i> (People of <a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Saba_and_Himyar" title="List of rulers of Saba and Himyar">Tubba</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sabaeans" title="Sabaeans">People of Sabaʾ or Sheba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quraysh" title="Quraysh">Quraysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamud" title="Thamud">Thamūd</a> (people of Ṣāliḥ) <ul><li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Ḥijr</i> ('Companions of the <a href="/wiki/Mada%27in_Saleh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mada'in Saleh">Stoneland</a>')</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Ahl al-Bayt</i><br /> ('People of the<br /> Household')</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Household of Abraham <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob#Children_of_Jacob" title="Jacob">Brothers of Yūsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot%27s_daughters" title="Lot's daughters">Lot's daughters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim#In_Islam" title="Joachim">Progeny of Imran</a></li></ul></li> <li>Household of Moses</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">Household of Muhammad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Hashim" title="Banu Hashim">ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genealogy_of_Khadijah%27s_daughters" class="mw-redirect" title="Genealogy of Khadijah's daughters">Daughters of Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad%27s_wives" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad's wives">Muhammad's wives</a></li></ul></li> <li>Household of Salih</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implicitly<br />mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amalek" title="Amalek">Amalek</a></li> <li><i>Ahl as-Suffa</i> (People of the Verandah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Nadir" title="Banu Nadir">Banu Nadir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Qaynuqa" title="Banu Qaynuqa">Banu Qaynuqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Qurayza" title="Banu Qurayza">Banu Qurayza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_peoples" title="Iranian peoples">Iranian people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Aws" title="Banu Aws">Aus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Banu_Khazraj" title="Banu Khazraj">Khazraj</a></li> <li>People of <a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br /> groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhimmi" title="Dhimmi">Ahl al-Dhimmah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kafir" title="Kafir">Kāfirūn</a></i> <ul><li>disbelievers</li></ul></li> <li><i>Majūs</i> <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrians</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Munafiq" title="Munafiq">Munāfiqūn</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hypocrisy" title="Hypocrisy">Hypocrites</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> <ul><li>Believers</li></ul></li> <li><i>Ahl al-Kitāb</i> (<a href="/wiki/People_of_the_Book" title="People of the Book">People of the Book</a>) <ul><li><i>Naṣārā</i> (<a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a>(s) or People of the Injil) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Ruhban (Christian monks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest#Christianity" title="Priest">Qissis (Christian priest)</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Yahūd</i> (<a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakham" title="Hakham">Ahbār (Jewish scholars)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabbi" title="Rabbi">Rabbani/Rabbi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabians#Islamic_reference" title="Sabians">Sabians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_pre-Islamic_Arabia#Mecca" title="Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia">Meccan polytheists</a> at the time of Muhammad</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion" title="Ancient Mesopotamian religion">Mesopotamian polytheists</a> at the time of Abraham and Lot</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Locations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Locations</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Holy_Land" title="Holy Land">Al-Arḍ Al-Muqaddasah</a></i> ('The Holy Land') <ul><li>'Blessed' Land'</li></ul></li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Jannah" title="Jannah">Jannah</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Paradise" title="Paradise">Paradise</a>, literally 'The Garden')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jahannam" title="Jahannam">Jahannam</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hell" title="Hell">Hell</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab_Huta" class="mw-redirect" title="Bab Huta">Door of Hittah</a></li> <li><i>Madyan</i> (<a href="/wiki/Midian" title="Midian">Midian</a>)</li> <li><i>Majmaʿ al-Baḥrayn</i></li> <li><i>Miṣr</i> (Mainland <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>)</li> <li>Salsabīl (A river in Paradise)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In the<br /> <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a> <br />(excluding Madyan)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hud_(prophet)#Historical_context" title="Hud (prophet)">Al-Aḥqāf</a></i> ('The Sandy Plains,' or 'the Wind-curved Sand-hills') <ul><li><i>Iram dhāt al-ʿImād</i> (<a href="/wiki/Iram_of_the_Pillars" title="Iram of the Pillars">Iram of the Pillars</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madīnah</a></i> (formerly <a href="/wiki/Medina#Pre-Islamic_times" title="Medina">Yathrib</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Arafat" title="Mount Arafat">ʿArafāt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muzdalifah#The_Sacred_Monument" title="Muzdalifah">Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hegra_(Mada%27in_Salih)" title="Hegra (Mada'in Salih)">Al-Ḥijr</a></i> (Hegra)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badr,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Badr, Saudi Arabia">Badr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunayn,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Hunayn, Saudi Arabia">Ḥunayn</a></li> <li><i>Makkah</i> (<a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakkah" title="Bakkah">Bakkah</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Haram_(site)" title="Haram (site)">Ḥaraman</a> Āminan</i> ('Sanctuary (which is) Secure')</li> <li><i>Kaʿbah</i> (<a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maqam_Ibrahim" title="Maqam Ibrahim">Maqām Ibrāhīm</a></i> (Station of Abraham)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safa_and_Marwa" title="Safa and Marwa">Safa and Marwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sabaeans" title="Sabaeans">Sabaʾ</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Sheba" title="Sheba">Sheba</a>) <ul><li><i>ʿArim Sabaʾ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Marib_Dam" title="Marib Dam">Dam of Sheba</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ar_Rass" title="Ar Rass">Rass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sinai_Peninsula_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinai Peninsula in Islam">Sinai Region</a><br /> or Tīh Desert</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Wadi" title="Wadi">Wād</a> Al-Muqaddas Ṭuwan</i> (The Holy <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_Tuwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Valley of Tuwa">Valley of Tuwa</a>) <ul><li><i>Al-Wādil-Ayman</i> (The valley on the 'righthand' side of the Valley of Tuwa and <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Mount_Sinai" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblical Mount Sinai">Mount Sinai</a>) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Al-Buq%E2%80%98ah_Al-Mub%C4%81rakah" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Buq‘ah Al-Mubārakah">Al-Buqʿah Al-Mubārakah</a></i> ('The Blessed Place')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai" title="Mount Sinai">Mount Sinai</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mount_Tabor" title="Mount Tabor">Mount Tabor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Judi" title="Mount Judi">Al-Jūdiyy</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Al-Munzal_Al-Mub%C4%81rak" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Munzal Al-Mubārak">Munzalanm-Mubārakan</a></i> ('Place-of-Landing Blessed')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Bābil</i> (<a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a>)</li> <li><i>Qaryat Yūnus</i> ('Township of <a href="/wiki/Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah in Islam">Jonah</a>,' that is <a href="/wiki/Nineveh" title="Nineveh">Nineveh</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br /> locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Bayʿa</a></i> (Church)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mihrab" title="Mihrab">Miḥrāb</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">Monastery</a></li> <li><i>Masjid</i> (<a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">Mosque</a>, literally 'Place of <a href="/wiki/Sujud" title="Sujud">Prostration</a>') <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Al-Mash%27ar_Al-Haram" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram">Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām</a></i> ('The Sacred Grove')</li> <li><i>Al-Masjid Al-Aqṣā</i> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa" title="Al-Aqsa">Al-Aqsa</a>, literally 'The Farthest Place-of-Prostration')</li> <li><i>Al-Masjid Al-Ḥarām</i> (The <a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Mosque of Mecca">Sacred Mosque</a> of Mecca)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demolition_of_Masjid_al-Dirar" title="Demolition of Masjid al-Dirar">Masjid al-Dirar</a></li> <li>A Mosque in the area of Medina, possibly: <ul><li><i>Masjid Qubāʾ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba Mosque</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Masjid_an-Nabawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Masjid an-Nabawi">The Prophet's Mosque</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue" title="Synagogue">Salat (Synagogue)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antakya" title="Antakya">Antakya</a></li></ul></li> <li>Arabia <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Ḥijāz</a></i> (literally 'The Barrier') <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Stone" title="Black Stone"><i>Al-Ḥajar al-Aswad</i></a> (Black Stone) & <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Hijr_of_Ishmael" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Hijr of Ishmael">Al-Hijr of Isma'il</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Hira" class="mw-redirect" title="Cave of Hira">Cave of Hira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabal_Thawr#Cave" title="Jabal Thawr"><i>Ghār ath-Thawr</i></a> (Cave of the Bull)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hudaybiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Hudaybiyyah">Hudaybiyyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%27if" class="mw-redirect" title="Ta'if">Ta'if</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayla_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayla (city)">Ayla</a></li> <li>Barrier of Dhul-Qarnayn</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayt_al-Muqaddas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayt al-Muqaddas">Bayt al-Muqaddas</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">'Ariha</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia_in_the_Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesopotamia in the Quran">Bilād ar-Rāfidayn</a></i> (Mesopotamia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Location_of_the_cave_and_duration_of_stay" title="Seven Sleepers">Cave of Seven Sleepers</a></li> <li><i>Dār an-Nadwa</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nile" title="Nile">Nile</a> River</li> <li>Palestine River</li> <li>Paradise of <a href="/wiki/Shaddad" title="Shaddad">Shaddad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Events,_incidents,_occasions_or_times" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Events, incidents, occasions or times</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Incident of Ifk</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_of_Power" title="Night of Power">Laylat al-Qadr</a></i> (Night of Decree)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Event_of_Mubahala" class="mw-redirect" title="Event of Mubahala">Event of Mubahala</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sayl_al-%27Arim" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayl al-'Arim">Sayl al-ʿArim</a></i> (Flood of the Great Dam of <a href="/wiki/Ma%27rib" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'rib">Ma'rib</a> in Sheba)</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Farewell_Pilgrimage" title="Farewell Pilgrimage">Farewell Pilgrimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hudaybiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Hudaybiyyah">Treaty of Hudaybiyyah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Battles or<br />military expeditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Trench" title="Battle of the Trench">Battle of <i>al-Aḥzāb</i></a> ('the Confederates')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Badr" title="Battle of Badr">Battle of Badr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hunayn" title="Battle of Hunayn">Battle of Hunayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khaybar" title="Battle of Khaybar">Battle of Khaybar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uhud" title="Battle of Uhud">Battle of Uhud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_Tabuk" title="Expedition of Tabuk">Expedition of Tabuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Mecca" title="Conquest of Mecca">Conquest of Mecca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Days</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Jumu%27ah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jumu'ah">Jumuʿah</a></i> (The Friday)</li> <li><i>As-<a href="/wiki/Sabbath#Islam" title="Sabbath">Sabt</a></i> (The Sabbath or Saturday)</li> <li>Days of battles</li> <li>Days of Hajj</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">Doomsday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Months of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>12 months: Four holy months <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhu_al-Hijjah" title="Dhu al-Hijjah">Ash-Shahr Al-Ḥarām</a> (The Sacred or Forbidden Month)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramaḍān</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pilgrimages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Ḥajj</a></i> (literally 'The Pilgrimage', the Greater Pilgrimage)</li> <li><i>Al-ʿ<a href="/wiki/Umrah" title="Umrah">Umrah</a></i> (The Lesser Pilgrimage)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Times for prayer<br />or remembrance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Times for <i><a href="/wiki/Dua" title="Dua">Duʿāʾ</a></i> ('<a href="/wiki/Invocation" title="Invocation">Invocation</a>'), <i><a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">Ṣalāh</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Dhikr" title="Dhikr">Dhikr</a></i> ('Remembrance', including <i><a href="/wiki/Alhamdulillah" title="Alhamdulillah">Taḥmīd</a></i> ('Praising'), <i><a href="/wiki/Takbir" title="Takbir">Takbīr</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Tasbih" title="Tasbih">Tasbīḥ</a></i>): <ul><li><i>Al-ʿAshiyy</i> (The Afternoon or the Night)</li> <li><i>Al-Ghuduww</i> ('The Mornings') <ul><li><i>Al-Bukrah</i> ('The Morning')</li> <li><i>Aṣ-Ṣabāḥ</i> ('The Morning')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Al-Layl</i> ('The Night') <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Isha_prayer" title="Isha prayer">ʿIshāʾ</a></i> ('The Late-Night')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Aẓ-<a href="/wiki/Zuhr_prayer" title="Zuhr prayer">Ẓuhr</a></i> ('The Noon')</li> <li><i>Dulūk ash-Shams</i> ('Decline of the Sun') <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Maghrib_prayer" title="Maghrib prayer">Masāʾ</a></i> ('The Evening')</li> <li><i>Qabl al-<a href="/wiki/Maghrib_prayer" title="Maghrib prayer">Ghurūb</a></i> ('Before the Setting (of the Sun)') <ul><li><i>Al-Aṣīl</i> ('The Afternoon')</li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Asr_prayer" title="Asr prayer">ʿAṣr</a></i> ('The Afternoon')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><i>Qabl ṭulūʿ ash-Shams</i> ('Before the rising of the Sun') <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Fajr_prayer" title="Fajr prayer">Fajr</a></i> ('The Dawn')</li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadir_Khumm" title="Ghadir Khumm">Ghadir Khumm</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laylat_al-Mabit" class="mw-redirect" title="Laylat al-Mabit">Laylat al-Mabit</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Pilgrimage" title="First Pilgrimage">First Pilgrimage</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Holy books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Gospel_in_Islam" title="Gospel in Islam">Injīl</a></i> (The <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a> of Jesus)</li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Qurʾān</a></i> (The Book of Muhammad)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scrolls_of_Abraham" title="Scrolls of Abraham">Ṣuḥuf-i Ibrāhīm</a></i> (Scroll(s) of Abraham)</li> <li><i>At-<a href="/wiki/Torah_in_Islam" title="Torah in Islam">Tawrāt</a></i> (The <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a>) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Scrolls_of_Moses" title="Scrolls of Moses">Ṣuḥuf-i-Mūsā</a></i> (Scroll(s) of Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablets_of_Stone" title="Tablets of Stone">Tablets of Stone</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Az-<a href="/wiki/Zabur" title="Zabur">Zabūr</a></i> (The <a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a> of David)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Quran" title="Heavenly Quran">Umm al-Kitāb</a></i> ('Mother of the Book(s)')</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects <br />of people<br />or beings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Heavenly food of Jesus' apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Noah's Ark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staff_of_Moses" title="Staff of Moses">Staff of Musa</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ark_of_the_Covenant#Quran" title="Ark of the Covenant">Tābūt as-Sakīnah</a></i> (Casket of Shekhinah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Sheba#Qur'anic_account" title="Queen of Sheba">Throne of Bilqis</a></li> <li>Trumpet of Israfil</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mentioned_idols(cult_images)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned idols<br />(cult images)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>'Ansāb</li> <li><i>Jibt</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Taghut" title="Taghut">Ṭāghūt</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/False_god" title="False god">False god</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Israelites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baal#In_Islam" title="Baal">Baʿal</a></li> <li>The <i>ʿijl</i> (<a href="/wiki/Golden_calf" title="Golden calf">golden calf</a> statue) of Israelites</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Noah's people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasr_(deity)" title="Nasr (deity)">Nasr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwa%27" title="Suwa'">Suwāʿ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadd" title="Wadd">Wadd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yagh%C5%ABth" title="Yaghūth">Yaghūth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27uq" title="Ya'uq">Yaʿūq</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Quraysh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Lat" title="Al-Lat">Al-Lāt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Uzza" title="Al-Uzza">Al-ʿUzzā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manat_(goddess)" title="Manat (goddess)">Manāt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celestial<br /> bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i>Maṣābīḥ</i> (literally 'lamps'): <ul><li><i>Al-Qamar</i> (The Moon)</li> <li><i>Kawākib</i> (Planets) <ul><li><i>Al-Arḍ</i> (The Earth)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Nujūm</i> (Stars) <ul><li><i>Ash-Shams</i> (The Sun)</li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plant matter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><i>Baṣal</i> (Onion)</li> <li><i>Fūm</i> (Garlic or wheat)</li> <li><i>Shaṭʾ</i> (Shoot)</li> <li><i>Sūq</i> (Plant stem)</li> <li><i>Zarʿ</i> (Seed)</li> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fruits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>ʿAdas</i> (<a href="/wiki/Lentil" title="Lentil">Lentil</a>)</li> <li><i>Baql</i> (Herb)</li> <li><i>Qith-thāʾ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Cucumber" title="Cucumber">Cucumber</a>)</li> <li><i>Rummān</i> (<a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a>)</li> <li><i>Tīn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Fig" title="Fig">Fig</a>)</li> <li><i>Zaytūn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">Olive</a>)</li> <li>In Paradise <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_fruit#Islamic_tradition" title="Forbidden fruit">Forbidden fruit of Adam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bushes, trees<br />or plants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Plants of Sheba <ul><li><i>Athl</i> (<a href="/wiki/Tamarix" title="Tamarix">Tamarisk</a>)</li> <li><i>Sidr</i> (<a href="/wiki/Celtis_australis" title="Celtis australis">Lote-tree</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Līnah</i> (Tender <a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">Palm tree</a>)</li> <li><i>Nakhl</i> (<a href="/wiki/Date_palm" title="Date palm">Date palm</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidrat_al-Muntaha" title="Sidrat al-Muntaha">Sidrat al-Muntahā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaqqum" title="Zaqqum">Zaqqūm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Liquids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Māʾ</i> (Water or fluid) <ul><li><i>Nahr</i> (River)</li> <li><i>Yamm</i> (River or sea)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Sharāb</i> (Drink)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Note:</b> Names are sorted alphabetically. Standard form: Islamic name / Biblical name (title or relationship)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mosques_in_Saudi_Arabia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#99CC99;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mosques_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Template:Mosques in Saudi Arabia"><abbr title="View this 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href="/wiki/List_of_governorates_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of governorates of Saudi Arabia">Muhafazat</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Provinces of Saudi Arabia">Mantaqat</a></i> or regions</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Al-Hijaz</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Al-Madinah" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Medina_Province_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Medina Province (Saudi Arabia)">Al-Madinah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Medina" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Medina" title="List of mosques in Medina">List of mosques in Medina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Jum%27ah_Mosque" title="Al Jum'ah Mosque">Al Jum'ah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Fuqair_Mosque" title="Al-Fuqair Mosque">Al-Fuqair Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophet%27s_Mosque" title="Prophet's Mosque">Al-Masjid an-Nabawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rayah_Mosque" title="Al-Rayah Mosque">Al-Rayah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anbariya_Mosque" title="Anbariya Mosque">Anbariya Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Sabaq_Mosque" title="As-Sabaq Mosque">As-Sabaq Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Sajadah_Mosque" title="As-Sajadah Mosque">As-Sajadah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bani_Bayadhah_Mosque" title="Bani Bayadhah Mosque">Bani Bayadhah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bani_Harithah_Mosque" title="Bani Harithah Mosque">Bani Harithah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fas%27h_Mosque" title="Fas'h Mosque">Fas'h Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manartain_Mosque" title="Manartain Mosque">Manartain Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Qiblatayn" title="Masjid al-Qiblatayn">Masjid al-Qiblatayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miqat_Dhu_al-Hulayfah" title="Miqat Dhu al-Hulayfah">Masjid ash-Shajarah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Al-Fadeekh" title="Mosque of Al-Fadeekh">Mosque of Al-Fadeekh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Al-Ghamama" title="Mosque of Al-Ghamama">Mosque of Al-Ghamama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Al-Saqiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosque of Al-Saqiya">Mosque of Al-Saqiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Atban_Bin_Malik" title="Mosque of Atban Bin Malik">Mosque of Atban Bin Malik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Bani_Haram" title="Mosque of Bani Haram">Mosque of Bani Haram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyid_Ash-Shuhada_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayyid Ash-Shuhada Mosque">Sayyid Ash-Shuhada Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Mosques" title="The Seven Mosques">The Seven Mosques</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mecca_Province" title="Mecca Province">Makkah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jeddah" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Mimar_Mosque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Mimar Mosque (page does not exist)">Al-Mimar Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rahmah_Mosque" title="Al-Rahmah Mosque">Al-Rahmah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Saud_Mosque" title="King Saud Mosque">King Saud Mosque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Al-Taneem" title="Masjid Al-Taneem">Aisha Mosque</a>, <a href="/wiki/At-Tan%CA%BDim" title="At-Tanʽim">At-Tanʽim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ijabah_Mosque" title="Al-Ijabah Mosque">Al-Ijabah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mash%27ar_Al-Haram" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram">Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muzdalifah" title="Muzdalifah">Muzdalifah</a></li> <li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram">Masjid al-Haram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay%27ah_Mosque" title="Bay'ah Mosque">Bay'ah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Al-Khayf" class="mw-redirect" title="Masjid Al-Khayf">Masjid Al-Khayf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mina,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Mina, Saudi Arabia">Mina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Namirah" title="Masjid al-Namirah">Masjid al-Namirah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Arafat" title="Mount Arafat">ʿArafat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_the_Jinn" title="Mosque of the Jinn">Mosque of the Jinn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Taif</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Qantara_Mosque" title="Al Qantara Mosque">Al Qantara Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Ibn_Abbas_Mosque,_Ta%27if" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdullah Ibn Abbas Mosque, Ta'if">Masjid ʿAbdullah ibn ʿAbbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addas_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Addas Mosque">Masjid 'Addas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Al-Yamama" title="Al-Yamama">Al-Yamamah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Najd" title="Najd">Najd</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ar-Riyadh" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Riyadh_Province" title="Riyadh Province">Ar-Riyadh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riyadh" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Riyadh_Governorate" title="Riyadh Governorate">Riyadh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imam_Turki_bin_Abdullah_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Imam Turki bin Abdullah Mosque">Imam Turki bin Abdullah Mosque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al_Dirah_(Riyadh)" title="Al Dirah (Riyadh)">Ad-Dirah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Province,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia">Ash-Sharqiyyah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Al-Ahsaʾ" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Al-Ahsa_Governorate" title="Al-Ahsa Governorate">Al-Ahsaʾ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Al-Hasaʾ" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Al-Ahsa_Oasis" title="Al-Ahsa Oasis">Al-Hasaʾ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jawatha_Mosque" title="Jawatha Mosque">Jawatha Mosque</a> near Al-<a href="/wiki/Hofuf" title="Hofuf">Hofuf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Flag of Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/90px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/135px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/180px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#99CC99;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Islam in Saudi Arabia">Islam in Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mosques_by_country" title="Category:Mosques by country">Mosques by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Saudi_Arabia&#124;link=Saudi_Arabia_Main_Saudi_Arabian_cities_by_population" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Saudi_cities" title="Template:Saudi cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Saudi_cities" title="Template talk:Saudi cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Saudi_cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Saudi cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Saudi_Arabia&#124;link=Saudi_Arabia_Main_Saudi_Arabian_cities_by_population" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia">Main Saudi Arabian cities</a> by population</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000 and more</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abha" title="Abha">Abha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dammam" title="Dammam">Dammam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hofuf" title="Hofuf">Hofuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeddah" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khamis_Mushait" title="Khamis Mushait">Khamis Mushait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Taif</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">300,000-999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Kharj" title="Al-Kharj">Al-Kharj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buraidah" title="Buraidah">Buraidah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%A4a%CA%BCil" title="Ḥaʼil">Ḥaʼil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafar_al-Batin" title="Hafar al-Batin">Hafar al-Batin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubail" title="Jubail">Jubail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khobar" title="Khobar">Khobar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Najran" title="Najran">Najran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatif" title="Qatif">Qatif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabuk,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Tabuk, Saudi Arabia">Tabuk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><300,000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Bahah" title="Al Bahah">Al Bahah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Lith" title="Al Lith">Al Lith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Majma%27ah" title="Al Majma'ah">Al Majma'ah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Qunfudhah" title="Al Qunfudhah">Al Qunfudhah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arar,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Arar, Saudi Arabia">Arar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abqaiq" title="Abqaiq">Abqaiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bareq" title="Bareq">Bareq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisha" title="Bisha">Bisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhahran" title="Dhahran">Dhahran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diriyah" title="Diriyah">Diriyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duba,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Duba, Saudi Arabia">Duba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakakah" title="Sakakah">Sakakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jizan" title="Jizan">Jizan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khafji" title="Khafji">Khafji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_Tanura" title="Ras Tanura">Ras Tanura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unaizah" title="Unaizah">Unaizah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanbu" title="Yanbu">Yanbu' al Bahr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english/">cdsi.gov.sa</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182640#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182640#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182640#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/128370089">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1223931/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtMk4CD8XfxVvcww4RtKd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4266953-4">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83017857">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11972310x">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11972310x">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007564401805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td 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