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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Brace_shank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brace_shank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Brace shank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brace_shank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Straight_shank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Straight_shank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Straight shank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Straight_shank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hex_shank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hex_shank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hex shank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hex_shank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SDS_shank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SDS_shank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>SDS shank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SDS_shank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Triangle_shank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Triangle_shank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Triangle shank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Triangle_shank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Morse_taper_shank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Morse_taper_shank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Morse taper shank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Morse_taper_shank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Square_shank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Square_shank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Square shank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Square_shank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Threaded_shank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Threaded_shank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Threaded shank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Threaded_shank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">End of a tool bit grasped by the chuck of the driving component of the tool</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Drill_bit_shank" title="Special:EditPage/Drill bit shank">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Drill+bit+shank%22">"Drill bit shank"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Drill+bit+shank%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Drill+bit+shank%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Drill+bit+shank%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Drill+bit+shank%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Drill+bit+shank%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>shank</b> is the end of a <a href="/wiki/Drill_bit" title="Drill bit">drill bit</a> grasped by the <a href="/wiki/Chuck_(engineering)" title="Chuck (engineering)">chuck</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Drill" title="Drill">drill</a>. The cutting edges of the drill bit contact the workpiece, and are connected via the shaft with the shank, which fits into the chuck. In many cases a general-purpose arrangement is used, such as a bit with cylindrical shaft and shank in a three-jaw chuck which grips a cylindrical shank tightly. Different shank and chuck combination can deliver improved performance, such as allowing higher torque, greater centering accuracy, or moving the bit independently of the chuck, with a hammer action. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Brace_shank">Brace shank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drill_bit_shank&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Brace shank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drill_shank_brace.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Drill_shank_brace.jpg/200px-Drill_shank_brace.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Drill_shank_brace.jpg/300px-Drill_shank_brace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Drill_shank_brace.jpg/400px-Drill_shank_brace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1110" data-file-height="759" /></a><figcaption>Brace drill bit shank</figcaption></figure> <p>This shank was common before 1850, and is still in production. At first, the tapered shank was just rammed into a square hole in the end of the drill. Over time, various chuck designs have been invented, and modern chucks can grasp and drive this shank effectively. </p><p>It has been difficult to find a reference to the included angle of the taper, but 7 different bits were measured, and they all had an included angle of 8 ± 0.25 degrees. </p> <ul><li>Easy to make in a forge</li> <li>Very wide tolerances allowable (not very precise)</li> <li>Moderate torque transmission but without the slipping possible with round shanks</li> <li>Appropriate chuck required</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Straight_shank">Straight shank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drill_bit_shank&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Straight shank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drill_shank_round.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Drill_shank_round.jpg/200px-Drill_shank_round.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Drill_shank_round.jpg/300px-Drill_shank_round.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Drill_shank_round.jpg/400px-Drill_shank_round.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1290" data-file-height="615" /></a><figcaption>Straight drill bit shank</figcaption></figure> <p>The straight shank is the most usual style on modern drill bits, by number manufactured. The whole of the drill bit, shaft and shank, is usually of the same diameter. It is held usually in a three-jaw drill chuck. Bits of diameter too small to grip firmly can have straight shanks of larger diameter than the drill, which can be held firmly in a standard size <a href="/wiki/Collet" title="Collet">collet</a> or chuck. Large drill bits can have straight shanks narrower than the drill diameter so that they can be fitted in chucks not able to chuck the full diameter. Such a drill bit is called a <b>reduced-shank</b> or <b>blacksmith's drill</b>. For example, this allows a <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>-inch (13 mm) bit to be used in a pistol-grip drill's <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span>-inch (9.5 mm) chuck. One particular type of reduced-shank drill bits are <b>Silver & Deming</b> (<b>S&D</b>) bits, whose sets run from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">9</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span>-inch (14 mm) to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>-inch (38 mm) drill body diameter with a standard <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>-inch (13 mm) reduced shank for all. This allows drill presses with <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>-inch (13 mm) chucks to run the larger drills. S&D bits are 6 inches (150 mm) long with a 3-inch (76 mm) flute length. The name comes from a company in <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Ohio" title="Salem, Ohio">Salem, Ohio</a> that broke up into other companies circa 1890; bits of this design were popularized by that company. </p> <ul><li>Easy to <a href="/wiki/Centerless_grinding" title="Centerless grinding">centerless grind</a> or turn on a <a href="/wiki/Lathe" title="Lathe">lathe</a></li> <li>Minimum of turning or grinding needed if the drill bit is made from appropriately sized round <a href="/wiki/Bar_stock" title="Bar stock">bar stock</a></li> <li>Can be held in a standard drill chuck, which must be tightened—only friction prevents slipping</li> <li>Can also be held in a <a href="/wiki/Collet" title="Collet">collet</a> chuck (which must be tightened), particularly for smaller sizes</li> <li>Very accurate centering</li> <li>Torque transmission limited by slipping of cylindrical shank</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hex_shank">Hex shank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drill_bit_shank&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Hex shank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drill_shank_hex.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Drill_shank_hex.jpg/200px-Drill_shank_hex.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Drill_shank_hex.jpg/300px-Drill_shank_hex.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Drill_shank_hex.jpg/400px-Drill_shank_hex.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1008" data-file-height="726" /></a><figcaption>Hex drill bit shank</figcaption></figure> <p>The flats of a hex shank can either be machined on a round shank, as in the photograph, or be the natural flats of hex bar stock. A hex shank can be grasped by a 3-jaw drill chuck or held in a chuck specifically for hex shanks. Quarter-inch hex shanks are common for machine screwdriver bits and have spread from that application to be used for drill bits that are compatible with screwdriver machinery. </p> <ul><li>Zero manufacturing if the drill bit is made from hex bar stock</li> <li>Can be held in a drill chuck made for cylindrical shanks</li> <li>Can be held in a hex screwdriver bit chuck</li> <li>High torque transmission, limited only by strength</li> <li>No need to tighten, shape does not allow slipping</li> <li>Moderately accurate centering</li> <li>Cannot be held in a regular round <a href="/wiki/Collet" title="Collet">collet</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>A special 3c or 5c HEX <a href="/wiki/Collet" title="Collet">collet</a> must be used.</li></ul></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="SDS_shank">SDS shank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drill_bit_shank&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: SDS shank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Chuck_(engineering)#Special_Direct_System_.28SDS.29" title="Chuck (engineering)">Chuck (Special Direct System)</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SDS-Plus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/SDS-Plus.jpg/200px-SDS-Plus.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="346" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/SDS-Plus.jpg/300px-SDS-Plus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/SDS-Plus.jpg/400px-SDS-Plus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="464" data-file-height="803" /></a><figcaption>SDS-plus drill bit shank</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SDSmax.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/SDSmax.jpg/200px-SDSmax.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/SDSmax.jpg/300px-SDSmax.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/SDSmax.jpg/400px-SDSmax.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1176" data-file-height="976" /></a><figcaption>SDS-max drill bit shanks</figcaption></figure> <p>The diameter of a SDS Plus shank is 10 millimeters. The SDS Max is larger with an 18 mm shank diameter, while the SDS Quick has a smaller 6 mm shank diameter. </p><p>The SDS shank is simply pushed into the spring-loaded chuck without tightening. SDS shank and chucks are made to be used for hammer drilling with masonry drills in stone and concrete. The drill bit is not held solidly in the chuck, but can slide back and forth like a piston; it does not slip during rotation due to the non-circular shank cross-section, matching the chuck. The hammer of the drill acts to accelerate only the drill bit itself, and not the large mass of the chuck, which makes hammer drilling with an SDS shank drill bit more productive. </p><p>Rotational drive uses the sliding keyways that open to the end of the shank, which mate with keys in the chuck. The smaller indentations that do not open to the end are grasped by the chuck to prevent the drill bit falling out. The hammer of the drill hits the flat end of the shank. The shank must be lubricated with <a href="/wiki/Grease_(lubricant)" title="Grease (lubricant)">grease</a> to reduce the friction of the sliding action in the chuck. </p><p>There are four standard sizes of SDS: SDS Quick, SDS-plus (or SDSplus or SDS+), SDS-Top and SDS-max. SDS-plus is the most common by count of tools manufactured, with masonry drills from 4 mm diameter to 30 mm (and from 5/32" to 1-1/4") diameter ordinarily available. The shortest SDS-plus masonry drill bits are about 110 mm overall length, and the longest 1500 mm. SDS-max is more common for larger rotary hammers and chipping guns, and common sizes start at <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> inch (13 mm) diameter up to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> inches (44 mm) diameter. Standard lengths are 12 to 21 inches (300 to 530 mm). SDS-Top with 14 mm diameter has been largely phased out in North America and is not common except for older tools. Hilti's TE-S system is similar to these SDS systems, but is designed for chipping only (no rotation) in tools for applications larger than could be handled by SDS-Max (e.g. demolition of concrete walls or floors). </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SDS_Plus_(TE-C).gif" class="mw-file-description" title="SDS Plus (TE-C)"><img alt="SDS Plus (TE-C)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/SDS_Plus_%28TE-C%29.gif" decoding="async" width="115" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="86" data-file-height="90" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">SDS Plus (TE-C)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SDS_Top_(TE-T).gif" class="mw-file-description" title="SDS Top (TE-T)"><img alt="SDS Top (TE-T)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/SDS_Top_%28TE-T%29.gif" decoding="async" width="109" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="82" data-file-height="90" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">SDS Top (TE-T)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SDS_Max_(TE-Y).gif" class="mw-file-description" title="SDS Max (TE-Y)"><img alt="SDS Max (TE-Y)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/SDS_Max_%28TE-Y%29.gif" decoding="async" width="111" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="83" data-file-height="90" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">SDS Max (TE-Y)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hilti_TE-S.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Hilti TE-S"><img alt="Hilti TE-S" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Hilti_TE-S.gif" decoding="async" width="105" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="79" data-file-height="90" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hilti TE-S</div> </li> </ul> <p>The SDS bit was developed by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bosch_GmbH" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Bosch GmbH">Bosch</a> in 1975 improving on the TE system introduced by <a href="/wiki/Hilti" title="Hilti">Hilti</a> in 1960. Hilti's original 10 mm TE-D and 18 mm TE-F shanks can be used in SDS-plus and SDS-max chucks respectively but not vice versa while the newer TE-C, TE-T and TE-Y are fully compatible. </p><p>The SDS name is an acronym of <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Steck – Dreh – Sitzt!</i> ("Insert – Turn – Seated!"). In German-speaking countries the back-formation <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Spannen durch System</i></span> ("Clamping System") is used, though Bosch uses "Special Direct System" for international purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-SDSplus_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDSplus-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SDSname_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDSname-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Relatively complex to manufacture although Chinese made SDS tools and machines have become very affordable since the patents expired</li> <li>Better hammer drilling performance than rigidly gripped bits</li> <li>Drills with a "rotation-stop" mode can use chiselling bits</li> <li>One-handed quick chucking operation</li> <li>Can only be held in an SDS chuck</li> <li>Not very accurate centering</li> <li>High torque transmission</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Triangle_shank">Triangle shank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drill_bit_shank&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Triangle shank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drill_shank_triangle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Drill_shank_triangle.jpg/200px-Drill_shank_triangle.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Drill_shank_triangle.jpg/300px-Drill_shank_triangle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Drill_shank_triangle.jpg/400px-Drill_shank_triangle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1038" data-file-height="672" /></a><figcaption>Triangle drill bit shank</figcaption></figure> <p>The triangle shank is almost always made by machining three flats on round bar stock. It is intended as a minor modification of a straight shank, still allowing it to be held in a 3-jaw drill chuck, but allowing higher torque transmission and limited slipping. </p> <ul><li>Can be held in a drill chuck</li> <li>High torque transmission</li> <li>Moderately accurate centering</li> <li>Cannot be held in a <a href="/wiki/Collet" title="Collet">collet</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Morse_taper_shank">Morse taper shank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drill_bit_shank&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Morse taper shank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DrillsMorseTaperShank1234.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/DrillsMorseTaperShank1234.jpg/200px-DrillsMorseTaperShank1234.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/DrillsMorseTaperShank1234.jpg/300px-DrillsMorseTaperShank1234.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/DrillsMorseTaperShank1234.jpg/400px-DrillsMorseTaperShank1234.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="681" /></a><figcaption>Morse taper drills, from 13.5mm (with the No. 1 Morse taper shank) through to a 30mm drill (No. 4 morse taper shank)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drill_shank_morse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Drill_shank_morse.jpg/200px-Drill_shank_morse.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Drill_shank_morse.jpg/300px-Drill_shank_morse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Drill_shank_morse.jpg/400px-Drill_shank_morse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1359" data-file-height="888" /></a><figcaption>Morse Taper Drill Bit Shank</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Morse taper twist drill bits</b> pictured right are used in metalworking. The full range of tapers is from <b>0</b> to <b>7</b>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Machine_tapers#Morse" class="mw-redirect" title="Machine tapers">Morse taper</a> allows the bit to be mounted directly into the spindle of a drill, <a href="/wiki/Lathe_(tool)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lathe (tool)">lathe</a> tailstock, or (with the use of adapters) into the spindle of <a href="/wiki/Milling_machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Milling machine">milling machines</a>. It is a self-locking (or <i>self holding</i>) taper of approximately 5/8" per foot<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that allows the <a href="/wiki/Torque" title="Torque">torque</a> to be transferred to the drill bit by the friction between the taper shank and the socket. The tang at the end of the taper provides a positive drive of the drill when the taper fails to grip.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many believe that the tang is there for the purpose of ejecting the tool from the taper but as not all tools have a tang (e.g. a centre lathe centre) these can still be ejected despite not having the tang. </p><p>The arbor of a <a href="/wiki/Chuck_(engineering)#Drill" title="Chuck (engineering)">drill chuck</a> is often a Morse taper and this allows the chuck assembly to be removed and directly replaced with the shank of a Morse taper drill bit. A range of sleeves may be used to bring the size of the smaller Morse tapers up to the size of the drive spindle's larger taper. Sockets are also available to extend the effective length of the drill as well as offering a variety of taper combinations. </p><p>The detail image shows a Morse taper shank on a 16 mm diameter drill bit. </p> <ul><li>Simple to manufacture on a lathe</li> <li>Cannot be held in a chuck or collet</li> <li>High torque transmission provided the bit is driven hard into the workpiece</li> <li>Very accurate centering</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Square_shank">Square shank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drill_bit_shank&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Square shank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Square taper drills were also used for large ratchet drills, for drilling large holes, or in thick plate. These bits would fit straight into a ratchet drill, and the ratchet drill would be used against a strong arm, for pressure to push the drill into the work piece. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Threaded_shank">Threaded shank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drill_bit_shank&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Threaded shank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some drills, wire wheels, etc. use a threaded shank. One example is cylindrical wire wheels meant to be pushed into a pipe of some sort to clean the inside of the pipe, but some ordinary, but mostly rather large, wood drills have threaded shanks as well. </p><p>Small (about <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> inch or 6.4 millimetres diameter) threaded drill bits and countersinks are common in aircraft metal work. Threaded drill bits may be held in drills meant to reach into very tight spaces, and threaded countersink cutters are widely used (along with finely adjustable depth stops) to create holes which put a matching rivet directly flush with the surface. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drill_bit_shank&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-SDSplus-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SDSplus_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070918210518/http://www.wissen-elektrowerkzeuge.de/mdb/data/en/lexika/eopt/sds.html">"SDS-plus tool insertion system"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of technical terms (A-Z)</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wissen-elektrowerkzeuge.de/mdb/data/en/lexika/eopt/sds.html">the original</a> on 2007-09-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=SDS-plus+tool+insertion+system&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+technical+terms+%28A-Z%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wissen-elektrowerkzeuge.de%2Fmdb%2Fdata%2Fen%2Flexika%2Feopt%2Fsds.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrill+bit+shank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SDSname-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SDSname_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070816192935/http://www.wissen-elektrowerkzeuge.de/mdb/data/de/lexika/eopt/sds.html">"SDS"</a>. <i>Lexikon der Elektrowerkzeuge</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wissen-elektrowerkzeuge.de/mdb/data/de/lexika/eopt/sds.html">the original</a> on 2007-08-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lexikon+der+Elektrowerkzeuge&rft.atitle=SDS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wissen-elektrowerkzeuge.de%2Fmdb%2Fdata%2Fde%2Flexika%2Feopt%2Fsds.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrill+bit+shank" class="Z3988"></span> (German language)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sherline.com/standard-dimensions-of-sherline-tools/">"Standard Dimensions of Sherline Tools"</a>. <i>Sherline.com</i>. Sherline Products Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sherline.com&rft.atitle=Standard+Dimensions+of+Sherline+Tools&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsherline.com%2Fstandard-dimensions-of-sherline-tools%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrill+bit+shank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJudge1947" class="citation book cs1">Judge, Arther W (1947). <i>Engineering Workshop Practice</i> (New and Revised ed.). 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angle_plate" title="Angle plate">Angle plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_(engineering)" title="Chuck (engineering)">Chuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collet" title="Collet">Collet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fixture_(tool)" title="Fixture (tool)">Fixture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indexing_head" title="Indexing head">Indexing head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jig_(tool)" title="Jig (tool)">Jig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lathe_center" title="Lathe center">Lathe center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_taper" title="Machine taper">Machine taper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_switchable_device" title="Magnetic switchable device">Magnetic switchable device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandrel" title="Mandrel">Mandrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_table" title="Rotary table">Rotary table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiggler_(tool)" title="Wiggler (tool)">Wiggler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cutting_fluid" title="Cutting fluid">Cutting fluid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machining_vibrations" title="Machining vibrations">Machining vibrations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speeds_and_feeds" title="Speeds and feeds">Speeds and feeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarf" title="Swarf">Swarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineering_tolerance" title="Engineering tolerance">Tolerance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_and_die_maker" title="Tool and die maker">Tool and die making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramp_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Tramp oil">Tramp oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workpiece" title="Workpiece">Workpiece</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td 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