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<span>Career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philosophical_and_artistic_gestures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philosophical_and_artistic_gestures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Philosophical and artistic gestures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philosophical_and_artistic_gestures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Artists_influenced_by_Magritte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artists_influenced_by_Magritte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Artists influenced by Magritte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Artists_influenced_by_Magritte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Magritte_Museum_and_other_collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Magritte_Museum_and_other_collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Magritte Museum and other collections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Magritte_Museum_and_other_collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Selected_list_of_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Selected_list_of_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Selected list of works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Selected_list_of_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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Available in 76 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">76 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="رينيه ماغريت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رينيه ماغريت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rene_Maqrit" title="Rene Maqrit – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rene Maqrit" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E2%80%8D%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4" title="র‍্যনে মাগ্রিত – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="র‍্যনে মাগ্রিত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82" title="Рэнэ Магрыт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рэнэ Магрыт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82" title="Рэнэ Магрыт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рэнэ Магрыт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Рене Магрит – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Рене Магрит" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%AD_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%84" title="Ρενέ Μαγκρίτ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρενέ Μαγκρίτ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="رنه ماگریت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رنه ماگریت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A5%B4%EB%84%A4_%EB%A7%88%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%8A%B8" title="르네 마그리트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="르네 마그리트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5_%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BF" title="Ռենե Մագրիտ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռենե Մագրիտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F" title="रेने मैगराइट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रेने मैगराइट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98" title="רנה מגריט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רנה מגריט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="რენე მაგრიტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რენე მაგრიტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Магритт Рене – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Магритт Рене" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renatus_Magritte" title="Renatus Magritte – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Renatus Magritte" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C4%93_Magrits" title="Renē Magrits – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Renē Magrits" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Рене Магрит – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Рене Магрит" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="റെനെ മാഗ്രിറ്റ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റെനെ മാഗ്രിറ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="رينيه ماجريت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رينيه ماجريت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8D%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="ルネ・マグリット – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルネ・マグリット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9F" title="ਰੇਨੇ ਮੈਗਰਿਟ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੇਨੇ ਮੈਗਰਿਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82,_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Магритт, Рене – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Магритт, Рене" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%8E%D9%86%DB%8E_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="ڕێنێ ماگریت – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕێنێ ماگریت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Рене Магрит – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рене Магрит" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="เรอเน มากริต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เรอเน มากริต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82,_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Магритт, Рене – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Магритт, Рене" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%96%D1%82%D1%82" title="Рене Магрітт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рене Магрітт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="René Magritte" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8B%92%E5%86%85%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E7%89%B9" title="勒内·马格里特 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="勒内·马格里特" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%97%E7%89%B9" title="雷尼·馬格列特 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="雷尼·馬格列特" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%85%A7%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%A9%E7%89%B9" title="雷內·馬格利特 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="雷內·馬格利特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7836#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Belgian painter (1898–1967)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Magritte" redirects here. For the asteroid named after the artist, see <a href="/wiki/7933_Magritte" class="mw-redirect" title="7933 Magritte">7933 Magritte</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">René Magritte</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_en_buste_du_peintre_surr%C3%A9aliste_Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_(1898-1967)_le_18_octobre_1961_devant_une_de_ses_toiles_La_persp,_PH19994.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Portrait_en_buste_du_peintre_surr%C3%A9aliste_Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_%281898-1967%29_le_18_octobre_1961_devant_une_de_ses_toiles_La_persp%2C_PH19994.jpg/220px-Portrait_en_buste_du_peintre_surr%C3%A9aliste_Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_%281898-1967%29_le_18_octobre_1961_devant_une_de_ses_toiles_La_persp%2C_PH19994.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Portrait_en_buste_du_peintre_surr%C3%A9aliste_Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_%281898-1967%29_le_18_octobre_1961_devant_une_de_ses_toiles_La_persp%2C_PH19994.jpg/330px-Portrait_en_buste_du_peintre_surr%C3%A9aliste_Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_%281898-1967%29_le_18_octobre_1961_devant_une_de_ses_toiles_La_persp%2C_PH19994.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Portrait_en_buste_du_peintre_surr%C3%A9aliste_Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_%281898-1967%29_le_18_octobre_1961_devant_une_de_ses_toiles_La_persp%2C_PH19994.jpg/440px-Portrait_en_buste_du_peintre_surr%C3%A9aliste_Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_%281898-1967%29_le_18_octobre_1961_devant_une_de_ses_toiles_La_persp%2C_PH19994.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4303" data-file-height="4275" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Portrait of Magritte in front of his painting <i>La perspective amoureuse</i>, 1961</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">René François Ghislain Magritte</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1898-11-21</span>)</span>21 November 1898<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Lessines" title="Lessines">Lessines</a>, Belgium</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">15 August 1967<span style="display:none">(1967-08-15)</span> (aged 68)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">Brussels, Belgium</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Painter</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Treachery_of_Images" title="The Treachery of Images">The Treachery of Images</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/The_Son_of_Man" title="The Son of Man">The Son of Man</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/The_Human_Condition_(Magritte)" title="The Human Condition (Magritte)">The Human Condition</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Golconda_(Magritte)" title="Golconda (Magritte)">Golconda</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/The_Menaced_Assassin" title="The Menaced Assassin">The Menaced Assassin</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism">Surrealism</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Magritte,_Rene_1898%E2%80%931967_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Magritte%2C_Rene_1898%E2%80%931967_Signature.svg/150px-Magritte%2C_Rene_1898%E2%80%931967_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Magritte%2C_Rene_1898%E2%80%931967_Signature.svg/225px-Magritte%2C_Rene_1898%E2%80%931967_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Magritte%2C_Rene_1898%E2%80%931967_Signature.svg/300px-Magritte%2C_Rene_1898%E2%80%931967_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="35" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>René François Ghislain Magritte</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ʁəne<span class="wrap"> </span>fʁɑ̃swa<span class="wrap"> </span>ɡilɛ̃<span class="wrap"> </span>maɡʁit]</a></span>; 21 November 1898 – 15 August 1967) was a Belgian <a href="/wiki/Surrealist" class="mw-redirect" title="Surrealist">surrealist</a> artist known for his depictions of familiar objects in unfamiliar, unexpected contexts, which often provoked questions about the nature and boundaries of reality and representation.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His imagery has influenced <a href="/wiki/Pop_art" title="Pop art">pop art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minimalist_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Minimalist art">minimalist art</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">conceptual art</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Calvocoressi_1990,_p._26_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calvocoressi_1990,_p._26-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>René Magritte was born in <a href="/wiki/Lessines" title="Lessines">Lessines</a>, in the province of <a href="/wiki/Hainaut_(province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hainaut (province)">Hainaut</a> in Belgium, in 1898. He was the oldest son of Léopold Magritte, a <a href="/wiki/Tailor" title="Tailor">tailor</a> and textile merchant,<sup id="cite_ref-Meuris216_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meuris216-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Régina (<a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Née">née</a> Bertinchamps), who was a <a href="/wiki/Hatmaking" title="Hatmaking">milliner</a> before she got married. Little is known about Magritte's early life. He began lessons in drawing in 1910.<sup id="cite_ref-Meuris216_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meuris216-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 February 1912, his mother died by <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a> by drowning herself in the <a href="/wiki/River_Sambre" class="mw-redirect" title="River Sambre">River Sambre</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2telet,_Belgium" title="Châtelet, Belgium">Châtelet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Abadie274_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abadie274-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was not her first suicide attempt. Her body was not discovered until 12 March.<sup id="cite_ref-Abadie274_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abadie274-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a legend, 13-year-old Magritte was present when her body was retrieved from the water, but recent research<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (February 2024)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> has discredited this story, which may have originated with the family nurse.<sup id="cite_ref-Cal9_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cal9-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Supposedly, when his mother was found, her dress was covering her face, an image that has been suggested as the source of several of Magritte's paintings in 1927–1928 of people with cloth obscuring their faces, including <i>Les Amants</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-nga_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Magritte's earliest paintings, which date from about 1915, were <a href="/wiki/Impressionism" title="Impressionism">Impressionistic</a> in style.<sup id="cite_ref-Cal9_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cal9-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During 1916–1918, he studied at the <span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_Royale_des_Beaux-Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts">Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts</a></span></span> in <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Guggenheim_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guggenheim-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> under <a href="/wiki/Constant_Montald" title="Constant Montald">Constant Montald</a>, but found the instruction uninspiring.<sup id="cite_ref-Cal9_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cal9-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also took classes at the Académie Royale from the painter and poster designer <a href="/wiki/Gisbert_Combaz" title="Gisbert Combaz">Gisbert Combaz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The paintings he produced during 1918–1924 were influenced by <a href="/wiki/Futurism" title="Futurism">Futurism</a> and by the figurative <a href="/wiki/Cubism" title="Cubism">Cubism</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jean_Metzinger" title="Jean Metzinger">Metzinger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cal9_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cal9-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From December 1920 until September 1921, Magritte served in the Belgian infantry in the <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flemish</a> town of <a href="/wiki/Beverlo" class="mw-redirect" title="Beverlo">Beverlo</a> near <a href="/wiki/Leopoldsburg" title="Leopoldsburg">Leopoldsburg</a>. In 1922, Magritte married <a href="/wiki/Georgette_Berger" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgette Berger">Georgette Berger</a>, whom he had met as a child in 1913.<sup id="cite_ref-Meuris216_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meuris216-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also during 1922, the poet <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Lecomte" title="Marcel Lecomte">Marcel Lecomte</a> showed Magritte a reproduction of <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_de_Chirico" title="Giorgio de Chirico">Giorgio de Chirico</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Song_of_Love" title="The Song of Love">The Song of Love</a></i> (painted in 1914). The work brought Magritte to tears; he described this as "one of the most moving moments of my life: my eyes <i>saw</i> thought for the first time".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The paintings of the Belgian symbolist painter <a href="/wiki/William_Degouve_de_Nuncques" title="William Degouve de Nuncques">William Degouve de Nuncques</a> have also been noted as an influence on Magritte, specifically the former's painting <i>The Blind House</i> (1892) and Magritte's variations or series on <i>The Empire of Lights</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassou_(1984)_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassou_(1984)-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 64–65 pp.">: 64–65 pp. </span></sup> </p><p>In 1922–1923, Magritte worked as a <a href="/wiki/Drafter" title="Drafter">draughtsman</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Wallpaper" title="Wallpaper">wallpaper</a> factory, and was a poster and advertisement designer until 1926, when a contract with Galerie Le Centaure in <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a> made it possible for him to paint full-time. In 1926, Magritte produced his first surreal painting, <i>The Lost Jockey</i> (<i>Le jockey perdu</i>), and held his first solo exhibition in Brussels in 1927.<sup id="cite_ref-Guggenheim_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guggenheim-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exhibition was poorly reviewed.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Depressed by the failure, he moved to Paris where he became friends with <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">André Breton</a> and became involved in the <a href="/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism">Surrealist</a> group. An illusionistic, dream-like quality is characteristic of Magritte's version of Surrealism. He became a leading member of the movement, and remained in Paris for three years.<sup id="cite_ref-rene_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rene-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1929, he was put under contract at Goemans Gallery in Paris along with <a href="/wiki/Jean_Arp" title="Jean Arp">Jean Arp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yves_Tanguy" title="Yves Tanguy">Yves Tanguy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 15 December 1929, Magritte participated in the last publication, No. 12, of <i><a href="/wiki/La_R%C3%A9volution_surr%C3%A9aliste" title="La Révolution surréaliste">La Révolution surréaliste</a></i>, with his essay "Les mots et les images", where words play with images in sync with his work <i><a href="/wiki/The_Treachery_of_Images" title="The Treachery of Images">The Treachery of Images</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Galerie Le Centaure closed at the end of 1929, ending Magritte's contract income. Having made little impact in Paris, Magritte returned to Brussels in 1930 and resumed working in advertising.<sup id="cite_ref-Meuris217_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meuris217-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He and his brother, Paul, formed an agency which earned him a living wage. In 1932, Magritte joined the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Belgium" title="Communist Party of Belgium">Communist Party</a>, which he would periodically leave and rejoin for several years.<sup id="cite_ref-Meuris217_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meuris217-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1936 he had his first solo exhibition in the United States at the Julien Levy Gallery in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>, followed by an exposition at the London Gallery in 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1934 and 1937, Magritte drew film posters under the pseudonym 'Emair' for the German sound film distributor <a href="/wiki/Tobis-Klangfilm" class="mw-redirect" title="Tobis-Klangfilm">Tobis Klangfilm</a>. The Leuven City Archive preserves seven posters designed by Magritte. </p><p>During the early stages of his career, the British surrealist patron <a href="/wiki/Edward_James" title="Edward James">Edward James</a> allowed Magritte to stay rent-free in his London home, where Magritte studied architecture and painted. James is featured in two of Magritte's works painted in 1937, <i>Le Principe du Plaisir</i> (<i>The Pleasure Principle</i>) and <i>La Reproduction Interdite</i>, a painting also known as <i><a href="/wiki/Not_to_Be_Reproduced" title="Not to Be Reproduced">Not to Be Reproduced</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Belgium_during_World_War_II" title="German occupation of Belgium during World War II">German occupation of Belgium</a> in World War II he remained in Brussels, which led to a break with Breton. He briefly adopted a colorful, painterly style in 1943–44, an interlude known as his "<a href="/wiki/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir" title="Pierre-Auguste Renoir">Renoir</a> period", as a reaction to his feelings of alienation and abandonment that came with living in German-occupied Belgium.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1946, renouncing the violence and <a href="/wiki/Pessimism" title="Pessimism">pessimism</a> of his earlier work, he joined several other Belgian artists in signing the manifesto <i>Surrealism in Full Sunlight</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During 1947–48, Magritte's "Vache period", he painted in a provocative and crude <a href="/wiki/Fauvism" title="Fauvism">Fauve</a> style. During this time, Magritte supported himself through the production of fake Picassos, <a href="/wiki/Georges_Braque" title="Georges Braque">Braques</a>, and de Chiricos—a fraudulent repertoire he was later to expand into the printing of forged banknotes during the lean postwar period. This venture was undertaken alongside his brother Paul and fellow Surrealist and "surrogate son" <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Mari%C3%ABn" title="Marcel Mariën">Marcel Mariën</a>, to whom had fallen the task of selling the forgeries.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the end of 1948, Magritte returned to the style and themes of his pre-war surrealistic art.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In France, Magritte's work has been showcased in a number of retrospective exhibitions, most recently at the <a href="/wiki/Centre_Georges_Pompidou" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre Georges Pompidou">Centre Georges Pompidou</a> (2016–2017). In the United States his work has been featured in three retrospective exhibitions: at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a> in 1965, at the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> in 1992, and again at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 2013. An exhibition entitled "The Fifth Season" at the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="San Francisco Museum of Modern Art">San Francisco Museum of Modern Art</a> in 2018 focused on the work of his later years.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Politically, Magritte stood to the left, and retained close ties to the Communist Party, even in the post-war years. However, he was critical of the functionalist cultural policy of the Communist left, stating that "Class consciousness is as necessary as bread; but that does not mean that workers must be condemned to bread and water and that wanting chicken and champagne would be harmful. (...) For the Communist painter, the justification of artistic activity is to create pictures that can represent mental luxury." While remaining committed to the political left, he thus advocated a certain autonomy of art.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spiritually, Magritte was an agnostic.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Popular interest in Magritte's work rose considerably in the 1960s, and his imagery has influenced <a href="/wiki/Pop_art" title="Pop art">pop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minimalist_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Minimalist art">minimalist</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">conceptual art</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Calvocoressi_1990,_p._26_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calvocoressi_1990,_p._26-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005 he was 9th in the <a href="/wiki/French_Community_of_Belgium" title="French Community of Belgium">Walloon</a> version of <i><a href="/wiki/De_Grootste_Belg" title="De Grootste Belg">De Grootste Belg</a></i> (<i>The Greatest Belgian</i>); in the <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flemish</a> version he was 18th.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Magritte married Georgette Berger in June 1922. Georgette was the daughter of a butcher in Charleroi, and first met Magritte when she was 13 and he was 15. They met again seven years later in Brussels in 1920<sup id="cite_ref-mattesonbiog_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mattesonbiog-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Georgette, who had also studied art, became Magritte's model, muse, and wife.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1936, Magritte's marriage became troubled when he met a young performance artist, <a href="/wiki/Sheila_Legge" title="Sheila Legge">Sheila Legge</a>, and began an affair with her. Magritte arranged for his friend, Paul Colinet, to entertain and distract Georgette, but this led to an affair between Georgette and Colinet. Magritte and his wife did not reconcile until 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Magritte died of <a href="/wiki/Pancreatic_cancer" title="Pancreatic cancer">pancreatic cancer</a> on 15 August 1967, aged 68, and was interred in <a href="/wiki/Schaerbeek_Cemetery" title="Schaerbeek Cemetery">Schaerbeek Cemetery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evere" title="Evere">Evere</a>, Brussels.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philosophical_and_artistic_gestures">Philosophical and artistic gestures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Philosophical and artistic gestures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Empire_of_Light_MOMA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b6/The_Empire_of_Light_MOMA.jpg/300px-The_Empire_of_Light_MOMA.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b6/The_Empire_of_Light_MOMA.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="281" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_of_Light" title="The Empire of Light">The Empire of Light</a></i>, c. 1950–1954, <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:400px; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>It is a union that suggests the essential mystery of the world. Art for me is not an end in itself, but a means of evoking that mystery. </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">René Magritte on putting seemingly unrelated objects together in juxtaposition<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>Magritte's work frequently displays a collection of ordinary objects in an unusual context, giving new meanings to familiar things. The use of objects as other than what they seem is typified in his painting,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Treachery_of_Images" title="The Treachery of Images">The Treachery of Images</a></i> (<i>La trahison des images</i>), which shows a <a href="/wiki/Smoking_pipe_(tobacco)" class="mw-redirect" title="Smoking pipe (tobacco)">pipe</a> that looks as though it is a model for a tobacco store advertisement. Magritte painted below the pipe "<i>Ceci n'est pas une pipe</i>" ("This is not a pipe"),<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which seems a contradiction, but is actually true: the painting is not a pipe, it is an <i>image</i> of a pipe. It does not "satisfy emotionally"; when Magritte was once asked about this image, he replied that of course it was not a pipe—just try to fill it with tobacco.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Fr-Ceci-n-est-pas-une-pipe.ogg" title="File:Fr-Ceci-n-est-pas-une-pipe.ogg">Ceci n'est pas une pipe</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Fr-Ceci-n-est-pas-une-pipe.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Fr-Ceci-n-est-pas-une-pipe.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Fr-Ceci-n-est-pas-une-pipe.ogg/Fr-Ceci-n-est-pas-une-pipe.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AFr-Ceci-n-est-pas-une-pipe.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AFr-Ceci-n-est-pas-une-pipe.ogg&lang=fr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fr" label="français ‪(fr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AFr-Ceci-n-est-pas-une-pipe.ogg&lang=ja&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ja" label="日本語 ‪(ja)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AFr-Ceci-n-est-pas-une-pipe.ogg&lang=mk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mk" label="македонски ‪(mk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">A man saying the phrase <i>Ceci n'est pas une pipe</i></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <p>Magritte's work has been described by <a href="/wiki/Suzi_Gablik" title="Suzi Gablik">Suzi Gablik</a> as "a systematic attempt to disrupt any dogmatic view of the physical world".<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, when Magritte painted rocks—which are commonly understood to be heavy, inanimate objects—he often painted them floating cloud-like in the sky, or painted scenes of people and their environment turned to stone.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among Magritte's works are a number of surrealist versions of other famous paintings, such as <i>Perspective I</i> and <i>Perspective II</i>, which are copies of <a href="/wiki/Jacques-Louis_David" title="Jacques-Louis David">David</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Madame_R%C3%A9camier" title="Portrait of Madame Récamier">Portrait of Madame Récamier</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-NGCPerspectiveIAndMadameRecamier_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NGCPerspectiveIAndMadameRecamier-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Manet" class="mw-redirect" title="Manet">Manet</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Balcony_(Manet)" title="The Balcony (Manet)">The Balcony</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-MSKGentPerspectiveIIAndBalcony_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MSKGentPerspectiveIIAndBalcony-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> respectively, but with the human subjects replaced by coffins.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elsewhere, Magritte challenges the difficulty of artwork to convey meaning with a recurring motif of an easel, as in his <i>The Human Condition</i> series (1933, 1935) or <i>The Promenades of Euclid</i> (1955), wherein the spires of a castle are "painted" upon the ordinary streets which the canvas overlooks. In a letter to André Breton, he wrote of <i>The Human Condition</i> that it was irrelevant if the scene behind the easel differed from what was depicted upon it, "but the main thing was to eliminate the difference between a view seen from outside and from inside a room".<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The windows in some of these pictures are framed with heavy drapes, suggesting a theatrical motif.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Magritte's style of surrealism is more representational than the <a href="/wiki/Surrealist_automatism" title="Surrealist automatism">"automatic"</a> style of artists such as <a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Joan Miró</a>. Magritte's use of ordinary objects in unfamiliar spaces is joined to his desire to create poetic imagery. He described the act of painting as "the art of putting colors side by side in such a way that their real aspect is effaced, so that familiar objects—the sky, people, trees, mountains, furniture, the stars, solid structures, graffiti—become united in a single poetically disciplined image. The poetry of this image dispenses with any symbolic significance, old or new."<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>René Magritte described his paintings as "visible images which conceal nothing; they evoke mystery and, indeed, when one sees one of my pictures, one asks oneself this simple question, 'What does that mean?'. It does not mean anything, because mystery means nothing either, it is unknowable."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Magritte's constant play with reality and illusion has been attributed to the early death of his mother. Psychoanalysts who have examined bereaved children have hypothesized that Magritte's back-and-forth play with reality and illusion reflects his "constant shifting back and forth from what he wishes—'mother is alive'—to what he knows—'mother is dead'".<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More recently, Patricia Allmer has demonstrated the influence of fairground attractions on Magritte's art—from carousels and circuses to panoramas and stage magic.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Artists_influenced_by_Magritte">Artists influenced by Magritte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Artists influenced by Magritte"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Contemporary artists have been greatly influenced by René Magritte's stimulating examination of the fickleness of images. Some artists who have been influenced by Magritte's works include <a href="/wiki/John_Baldessari" title="John Baldessari">John Baldessari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ed_Ruscha" class="mw-redirect" title="Ed Ruscha">Ed Ruscha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andy_Warhol" title="Andy Warhol">Andy Warhol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jasper_Johns" title="Jasper Johns">Jasper Johns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Verdoodt" title="Jan Verdoodt">Jan Verdoodt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Kippenberger" title="Martin Kippenberger">Martin Kippenberger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duane_Michals" title="Duane Michals">Duane Michals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Storm_Thorgerson" title="Storm Thorgerson">Storm Thorgerson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Luis_Rey" title="Luis Rey">Luis Rey</a>. Some of the artists' works integrate direct references and others offer contemporary viewpoints on his abstract fixations.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Magritte's use of simple graphic and everyday imagery has been compared to that of the <a href="/wiki/Pop-art" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop-art">pop-artists</a>. His influence in the development of pop art has been widely recognized,<sup id="cite_ref-Meuris202_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meuris202-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although Magritte himself discounted the connection. He considered the pop artists' representation of "the world as it is" as "their error", and contrasted their attention to the transitory with his concern for "the feeling for the real, insofar as it is permanent."<sup id="cite_ref-Meuris202_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meuris202-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2006–2007 <a href="/wiki/LACMA" class="mw-redirect" title="LACMA">LACMA</a> exhibition "Magritte and Contemporary Art: The Treachery of Images" examined the relationship between Magritte and contemporary art.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:500_Francs_(1998)_-_Vorderseite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/500_Francs_%281998%29_-_Vorderseite.jpg/220px-500_Francs_%281998%29_-_Vorderseite.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/500_Francs_%281998%29_-_Vorderseite.jpg/330px-500_Francs_%281998%29_-_Vorderseite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/500_Francs_%281998%29_-_Vorderseite.jpg/440px-500_Francs_%281998%29_-_Vorderseite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="302" /></a><figcaption>500 <a href="/wiki/Belgian_franc" title="Belgian franc">franc</a> note showing portrait of Magritte</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1960s brought a great increase in public awareness of Magritte's work.<sup id="cite_ref-Calvocoressi_1990,_p._26_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calvocoressi_1990,_p._26-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thanks to his "sound knowledge of how to present objects in a manner both suggestive and questioning", his works have been frequently adapted or plagiarized in advertisements, posters, book covers and the like.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples include album covers such as <i><a href="/wiki/Beck-Ola" title="Beck-Ola">Beck-Ola</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/The_Jeff_Beck_Group" title="The Jeff Beck Group">The Jeff Beck Group</a> (reproducing Magritte's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Listening_Room" title="The Listening Room">The Listening Room</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Alan_Hull" title="Alan Hull">Alan Hull</a>'s 1973 album <a href="/wiki/Pipedream_(Alan_Hull_album)" title="Pipedream (Alan Hull album)"><i>Pipedream</i></a> which used <i>The Philosopher's Lamp</i>, <a href="/wiki/Jackson_Browne" title="Jackson Browne">Jackson Browne</a>'s 1974 album <i><a href="/wiki/Late_for_the_Sky" title="Late for the Sky">Late for the Sky</a></i>, with artwork inspired by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_of_Light" title="The Empire of Light">The Empire of Light</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Oregon_(band)" title="Oregon (band)">Oregon</a>'s album <i><a href="/wiki/Out_of_the_Woods_(Oregon_album)" title="Out of the Woods (Oregon album)">Oregon</a></i> referring to <i>Carte Blanche</i>, the <a href="/wiki/Firesign_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Firesign Theatre">Firesign Theatre</a>'s album <i><a href="/wiki/Just_Folks..._A_Firesign_Chat" title="Just Folks... A Firesign Chat">Just Folks... A Firesign Chat</a></i> based on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mysteries_of_the_Horizon" title="The Mysteries of the Horizon">The Mysteries of the Horizon</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Styx_(band)" title="Styx (band)">Styx</a>'s album <i><a href="/wiki/The_Grand_Illusion" title="The Grand Illusion">The Grand Illusion</a></i> incorporating an adaptation of the painting <i>The Blank Signature (Le Blanc Seing)</i>. The Nigerian rapper Jesse Jagz's 2014 album <i><a href="/wiki/Jagz_Nation_Vol._2:_Royal_Niger_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Jagz Nation Vol. 2: Royal Niger Company">Jagz Nation Vol. 2: Royal Niger Company</a></i> has cover art inspired by Magritte's works.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015 the band <a href="/wiki/Punch_Brothers" title="Punch Brothers">Punch Brothers</a> used <i>The Lovers</i> as the cover of their album <i><a href="/wiki/The_Phosphorescent_Blues" title="The Phosphorescent Blues">The Phosphorescent Blues</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The logo of <a href="/wiki/Apple_Corps" title="Apple Corps">Apple Corps</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a>' company, is inspired by Magritte's <i>Le Jeu de Mourre</i>, a 1966 painting. <a href="/wiki/Paul_Simon" title="Paul Simon">Paul Simon</a>'s song "<a href="/wiki/Rene_and_Georgette_Magritte_with_Their_Dog_after_the_War" title="Rene and Georgette Magritte with Their Dog after the War">Rene and Georgette Magritte with Their Dog after the War</a>", inspired by a photograph of Magritte by <a href="/wiki/Lothar_Wolleh" title="Lothar Wolleh">Lothar Wolleh</a>, appears on the 1983 album <i><a href="/wiki/Hearts_and_Bones" title="Hearts and Bones">Hearts and Bones</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/John_Cale" title="John Cale">John Cale</a> wrote a song titled "Magritte". The song appears on the 2003 album <i><a href="/wiki/HoboSapiens" title="HoboSapiens">HoboSapiens</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Tom_Stoppard" title="Tom Stoppard">Tom Stoppard</a> wrote a 1970 Surrealist play called <i><a href="/wiki/After_Magritte" title="After Magritte">After Magritte</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/John_Berger" title="John Berger">John Berger</a> scripted the book <i><a href="/wiki/Ways_of_Seeing" title="Ways of Seeing">Ways of Seeing</a></i> using images and ideologies regarding Magritte. <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Hofstadter" title="Douglas Hofstadter">Douglas Hofstadter</a>'s 1979 book <i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6del,_Escher,_Bach" title="Gödel, Escher, Bach">Gödel, Escher, Bach</a></i> uses Magritte works for many of its illustrations. <i>The Treachery of Images</i> was used in a major plot in <a href="/wiki/L._J._Smith_(author)" title="L. J. Smith (author)">L. J. Smith</a>'s 1994 novel <i>The Forbidden Game</i>. Magritte's imagery has inspired <a href="/wiki/Filmmaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Filmmaker">filmmakers</a> ranging from the surrealist <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Mari%C3%ABn" title="Marcel Mariën">Marcel Mariën</a> to mainstream directors such as <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Jean-Luc Godard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alain_Robbe-Grillet" title="Alain Robbe-Grillet">Alain Robbe-Grillet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Roeg" title="Nicolas Roeg">Nicolas Roeg</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Terry_Gilliam" title="Terry Gilliam">Terry Gilliam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the 1998 documentary <i>The Fear of God: 25 Years of "The Exorcist"</i>, the iconic poster shot for the film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Exorcist_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Exorcist (film)">The Exorcist</a></i> was inspired by Magritte's <i>The Empire of Light</i>. </p><p>In the 1992 movie <i><a href="/wiki/Toys_(film)" title="Toys (film)">Toys</a></i>, Magritte's work was influential in the entire movie but specifically in a break-in scene, featuring Robin Williams and Joan Cusack in a music video hoax. Many of Magritte's works were used directly in that scene. In the 1999 movie <i><a href="/wiki/The_Thomas_Crown_Affair_(1999_film)" title="The Thomas Crown Affair (1999 film)">The Thomas Crown Affair</a></i> starring <a href="/wiki/Pierce_Brosnan" title="Pierce Brosnan">Pierce Brosnan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rene_Russo" title="Rene Russo">Rene Russo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Denis_Leary" title="Denis Leary">Denis Leary</a>, the Magritte painting <i><a href="/wiki/The_Son_of_Man" title="The Son of Man">The Son of Man</a></i> was prominently featured as part of the plot line. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gary_Numan" title="Gary Numan">Gary Numan</a>'s 1979 album <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pleasure_Principle_(Gary_Numan_album)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Pleasure Principle (Gary Numan album)">The Pleasure Principle</a></i> was a reference to Magritte's painting of the same name. </p><p>In John Green's novel (2012) and movie (2014), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fault_in_Our_Stars_(film)#An_Imperial_Affliction" title="The Fault in Our Stars (film)">The Fault in Our Stars</a></i>, the main character Hazel Grace Lancaster wears a tee shirt with Magritte's, <i>The Treachery of Images</i>, (This is not a pipe.) Just prior to leaving her mother to visit her favorite author, Hazel explains the drawing to her confused mother and states that the author's novel has "several Magritte references", clearly hoping the author will be pleased with the reference. </p><p>The official music video of <a href="/wiki/Markus_Schulz" title="Markus Schulz">Markus Schulz</a>'s "Koolhaus" under his Dakota guise was inspired from Magritte's works.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A street in Brussels has been named <i>Ceci n'est pas une rue</i> (This is not a street).<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Magritte_Museum_and_other_collections">Magritte Museum and other collections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Magritte Museum and other collections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Magritte_Museum" title="Magritte Museum">Magritte Museum</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liebenau_-_Die_Beschaffenheit_des_Menschen_(Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_1933).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Liebenau_-_Die_Beschaffenheit_des_Menschen_%28Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_1933%29.jpg/220px-Liebenau_-_Die_Beschaffenheit_des_Menschen_%28Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_1933%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Liebenau_-_Die_Beschaffenheit_des_Menschen_%28Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_1933%29.jpg/330px-Liebenau_-_Die_Beschaffenheit_des_Menschen_%28Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_1933%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Liebenau_-_Die_Beschaffenheit_des_Menschen_%28Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_1933%29.jpg/440px-Liebenau_-_Die_Beschaffenheit_des_Menschen_%28Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_1933%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3562" data-file-height="4749" /></a><figcaption>The copy of Magritte's "The Human Condition", on the facade of the New Middle School in Liebenau, Freistadt district.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Magritte Museum opened to the public on 30 May 2009 in <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Housed in the five-level neo-classical Hotel Altenloh, on the Place Royale, it displays some 200 original Magritte paintings, drawings and sculptures<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including <i>The Return</i>, <i>Scheherazade</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_of_Light" title="The Empire of Light">The Empire of Light</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This multidisciplinary permanent installation is the biggest Magritte archive anywhere and most of the work is directly from the collection of the artist's widow, <a href="/wiki/Georgette_Berger" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgette Berger">Georgette Magritte</a>, and from <a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A8ne_Hamoir" title="Irène Hamoir">Irene Hamoir Scutenaire</a>, who was his primary collector.<sup id="cite_ref-Oisteanu_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oisteanu-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, the museum includes Magritte's experiments with photography from 1920 on and the short Surrealist films he made from 1956 on.<sup id="cite_ref-Oisteanu_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oisteanu-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another museum is located at 135 Rue Esseghem in Brussels in Magritte's former home, where he lived with his wife from 1930 to 1954. <i>Olympia</i> (1948), a nude portrait of Magritte's wife reportedly worth about US$1.1 million, was stolen from this museum on the morning of 24 September 2009 by two armed men.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was returned to the museum in January 2012, in exchange for a 50,000-Euro payment from the museum's insurer. The thieves reportedly agreed to the deal because they were unable to sell the painting on the <a href="/wiki/Black_market" title="Black market">black market</a> due to its fame.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Menil_Collection" title="Menil Collection">Menil Collection</a> in Houston, Texas holds one of the most significant collections of dada and surrealist work in the United States, including dozens of oil paintings, gouaches, drawings, and bronzes by René Magritte. <a href="/wiki/John_de_Menil" title="John de Menil">John de Menil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dominique_de_Menil" title="Dominique de Menil">Dominique de Menil</a> initiated and funded the <a href="/wiki/Catalogue_raisonn%C3%A9" title="Catalogue raisonné">catalogue raisonné</a> of Magritte's oeuvre, published between 1992 and 1997 in five volumes, with an addendum in 2012. Major oil paintings in the Menil Collection include: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Meaning_of_Night_(painting)" title="The Meaning of Night (painting)">The Meaning of Night</a></i> (1927), <i>The Eternally Obvious</i> (1930), <i>The Rape</i> (1934), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Listening_Room" title="The Listening Room">The Listening Room</a></i> (1952), and <i><a href="/wiki/Golconda_(Magritte)" title="Golconda (Magritte)">Golconda</a></i> (1953) which are typically exhibited a few at a time on a rotating basis with other surrealist works in the collection.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_list_of_works">Selected list of works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Selected list of works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_paintings_by_Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="List of paintings by René Magritte">List of paintings by René Magritte</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>1920 <i>Landscape</i></li> <li>1922 <i>The Station</i> and <i>L'Écuyère</i></li> <li>1923 <i>Self-portrait</i>, <i>Sixth Nocturne</i>, <i>Georgette at the Piano</i> and <i>Donna</i></li> <li>1925 <i>The Bather</i> and <i>The Window</i></li> <li>1926 <i>The Lost Jockey</i>, <i>The Mind of the Traveler</i>, <i>Sensational News</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Difficult_Crossing" title="The Difficult Crossing">The Difficult Crossing</a></i>, <i>The Vestal's Agony</i>, <i>The Midnight Marriage</i>, <i>The Musings of a Solitary Walker</i>, <i>After the Water my Butts</i>, <i>Popular Panorama</i>, <i>Landscape</i> and <i>The Encounter</i></li> <li>1927 <i><a href="/wiki/The_Enchanted_Pose" title="The Enchanted Pose">The Enchanted Pose</a></i></li> <li>1927 <i>Young Girl Eating a Bird</i>, <i>The Oasis</i> (started in 1925), <i>Le Double Secret</i>, <i>The Meaning of Night</i>, <i>Let Out of School</i>, <i>The Man from the Sea</i>, <i>The Tiredness of Life</i>, <i>The Light-breaker</i>, <i>A Passion for Light</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Menaced_Assassin" title="The Menaced Assassin">The Menaced Assassin</a></i>, <i>Reckless Sleeper</i>, <i>La Voleuse</i>, <i>The Fast Hope</i>, <i>L'Atlantide</i> and <i>The Muscles of the Sky</i></li> <li>1928 <i>The Lining of Sleep</i> (started in 1927), <i>Intermission</i> (started in 1927), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Adulation_of_Space" title="The Adulation of Space">The Adulation of Space</a></i> (started in 1927), <i>The Flowers of the Abyss</i>, <i>Discovery</i>, <i>The Lovers I & II</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-nga_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nga-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Voice of Space</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/False_Mirror_(Ren%C3%A9_Magritte)" class="mw-redirect" title="False Mirror (René Magritte)">The False Mirror</a></i>, <i>The Daring Sleeper</i>, <i>The Acrobat's Ideas</i>, <i>The Automaton</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Empty_Mask" title="The Empty Mask">The Empty Mask</a></i>, <i>Reckless Sleeper</i>, <i>The Secret Life</i> and <i>Attempting the Impossible</i></li> <li>1929 <i><a href="/wiki/The_Treachery_of_Images" title="The Treachery of Images">The Treachery of Images</a></i> (started in 1928), <i>Threatening Weather</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Threshold_of_Liberty" title="On the Threshold of Liberty">On the Threshold of Liberty</a></i></li> <li>1930 <i>Pink Belles, Tattered Skies</i>, <i>The Eternally Obvious</i>, <i>The Lifeline</i>, <i>The Annunciation</i> and <i>Celestial Perfections</i></li> <li>1931 <i>The Voice of the Air</i>, <i>Summer</i> and <i>The Giantess</i></li> <li>1932 <i>The Universe Unmasked</i></li> <li>1933 <i><a href="/wiki/Elective_Affinities_(painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elective Affinities (painting)">Elective Affinities</a></i>, <i>The Human Condition</i> and <i>The Unexpected Answer</i></li> <li>1934 <i>The Rape</i></li> <li>1935 <i>The Discovery of Fire</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Human_Condition_(painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Human Condition (painting)">The Human Condition</a></i>, <i>Revolution</i>, <i>Perpetual Motion</i>, <i>Collective Invention</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Portrait_(painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Portrait (painting)">The Portrait</a></i></li> <li>1936 <i>Surprise Answer</i>, <i>Clairvoyance</i>, <i>The Healer</i>, <i>The Philosopher's Lamp</i>, <i>The Heart Revealed a portrait of Tita Thirifays</i>, <i>Spiritual Exercises</i>, <i>Portrait of Irène Hamoir</i>, <i>La Méditation</i> and <i>Forbidden Literature</i></li> <li>1937 <i>The Future of Statues</i>, <i>The Black Flag</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Not_to_be_Reproduced" class="mw-redirect" title="Not to be Reproduced">Not to be Reproduced</a></i>, <i>Portrait of Edward James</i> and <i>Portrait of Rena Schitz</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Threshold_of_Liberty" title="On the Threshold of Liberty">On the Threshold of Liberty</a></i></li> <li>1938 <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Transfixed" title="Time Transfixed">Time Transfixed</a></i>, <i>The Domain of Arnheim</i>, <i>Steps of Summer</i> and <i>Stimulation Objective</i></li> <li>1939 <i>Victory</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Palace_of_Memories" title="The Palace of Memories">The Palace of Memories</a></i></li> <li>1940 <i>The Return</i>, <i>The Wedding Breakfast</i> and <i>Les Grandes Espérances</i></li> <li>1941 <i>The Break in the Clouds</i></li> <li>1942 <i>Misses de L'Isle Adam</i>, <i>L'Ile au Tréson</i>, <i>Memory</i>, <i>Black Magic</i>, <i>Les compagnons de la peur</i> and <i>The Misanthropes</i></li> <li>1943 <i>The Return of the Flame</i>, <i>Universal Gravitation</i> and <i>Monsieur Ingres's Good Days</i></li> <li>1944 <i>The Good Omens</i></li> <li>1945 <i>Treasure Island</i>, <i>Les Rencontres Naturelles</i> and <i>Black Magic</i></li> <li>1946 <i>L'Intelligence</i> and <i>Les Mille et une Nuits</i></li> <li>1947 <i>La Philosophie dans le boudoir</i>, <i>The Cicerone</i>, <i>The Liberator</i>, <i>The Fair Captive</i>, <i>La Part du Feu</i> and <i>The Red Model</i></li> <li>1948 <i>Blood Will Tell</i>, <i>Memory</i>, <i>The Mountain Dweller</i>, <i>The Art of Life</i>, <i>The Pebble</i>, <i> The Lost Jockey</i>, <i>God's Solon</i>, <i>Shéhérazade</i>, <i>L'Ellipse</i> and <i>Famine</i> and <i>The Taste of Sorrow</i></li> <li>1949 <i>Megalomania</i>, <i>Elementary Cosmogony</i>, and <i>Perspective, the Balcony</i></li> <li>1950 <i>Making an Entrance</i>, <i>The Legend of the Centuries</i>, <i>Towards Pleasure</i>, <i>The Labors of Alexander</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_of_Light_II" class="mw-redirect" title="The Empire of Light II">The Empire of Light II</a></i>, <i>The Fair Captive</i> and <i>The Art of Conversation</i>, <i>The Survivor</i></li> <li>1951 <i>David's Madame Récamier</i> (parodying the <i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Madame_R%C3%A9camier" title="Portrait of Madame Récamier">Portrait of Madame Récamier</a></i>), <i>Pandora's Box</i>, <i>The Song of the Violet</i>, <i>The Spring Tide</i> and <i>The Smile</i></li> <li>1952 <i>Personal Values</i> and <i>Le Sens de la Pudeur</i> and <i>The Explanation</i></li> <li>1953 <i><a href="/wiki/Golconda_(Magritte)" title="Golconda (Magritte)">Golconda</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Listening_Room" title="The Listening Room">The Listening Room</a></i> and a fresco, <i>The Enchanted Domain</i>, for the <a href="/wiki/Knokke_Casino" title="Knokke Casino">Knokke Casino</a>, <i>Le chant des sirènes</i></li> <li>1954 <i>The Invisible World</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_of_Light" title="The Empire of Light">The Empire of Light</a></i></li> <li>1955 <i>Memory of a Journey</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mysteries_of_the_Horizon" title="The Mysteries of the Horizon">The Mysteries of the Horizon</a></i></li> <li>1956 <i>The Sixteenth of September</i>; <i>The Ready-made Bouquet</i></li> <li>1957 <i>The Fountain of Youth</i>; <i>The Enchanted Domain</i></li> <li>1958 <i>The Golden Legend</i>, <i>Hegel's Holiday</i>, <i>The Banquet</i> and <i>The Familiar World</i></li> <li>1959 <i>The Castle in the Pyrenees</i>, <i>The Battle of the Argonne</i>, <i>The Anniversary</i>, <i>The Month of the Grape Harvest</i> and <i>La clef de verre</i> (<i>The Glass Key</i>)</li> <li>1960 <i>The Memoirs of a Saint</i></li> <li>1962 <i>The Great Table</i>, <i>The Healer</i>, <i>Waste of Effort</i>, <i>Mona Lisa</i> (circa 1962) and <i>L'embeillie</i> (circa 1962)</li> <li>1963 <i>The Great Family</i>, <i>The Open Air</i>, <i>The Beautiful Season</i>, <i>Princes of the Autumn</i>, <i>Young Love</i>, <i>La Recherche de la Vérité</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Telescope_(painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Telescope (painting)">The Telescope</a></i> and " The Art of Conversation"</li> <li>1964 <i>Le soir qui tombe</i> (<i>Evening Falls</i>), <i>The Great War</i>, <i>The Great War on Facades</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Son_of_Man" title="The Son of Man">The Son of Man</a></i> and <i>Song of Love</i></li> <li>1965 <i>Le Blanc-Seing</i>, <i>Carte Blanche</i>, <i>The Thought Which Sees</i>, <i>Ages Ago</i> and <i>The Beautiful Walk</i> (circa 1965), <i>Good Faith</i></li> <li>1966 <i>The Shades</i>, <i>The Happy Donor</i>, <i>The Gold Ring</i>, <i>The Pleasant Truth</i>, <i>The Two Mysteries</i>, <i>The Pilgrim</i> and <i>The Mysteries of the Horizon</i></li> <li>1967 <i>Les Grâces Naturelles</i>, <i>La Géante</i>, <i>The Blank Page</i>, <i>Good Connections</i>, <i>The Art of Living</i>, <i>L'Art de Vivre</i> and several bronze sculptures based on Magritte's previous works</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magritte_Museum" title="Magritte Museum">Magritte Museum</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Museum_of_Fine_Arts_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Museum of Fine Arts of Belgium">Royal Museum of Fine Arts of Belgium</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_Museum" title="René Magritte Museum">René Magritte Museum</a>, a museum in <a href="/wiki/Jette" title="Jette">Jette</a> in Brussels, in the house where Magritte lived and worked for 24 years, between 1930 and 1954.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Belgian_painters" title="List of Belgian painters">List of Belgian painters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_paintings_by_Rene_Magritte" class="mw-redirect" title="List of paintings by Rene Magritte">List of paintings by Rene Magritte</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/3692">"René Magritte | MoMA"</a>. <i>The Museum of Modern Art</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Museum+of+Modern+Art&rft.atitle=Ren%C3%A9+Magritte+%7C+MoMA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moma.org%2Fartists%2F3692&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Calvocoressi_1990,_p._26-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Calvocoressi_1990,_p._26_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calvocoressi_1990,_p._26_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Calvocoressi_1990,_p._26_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Calvocoressi 1990, p. 26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meuris216-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Meuris216_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meuris216_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meuris216_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Meuris 1991, p 216.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abadie274-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Abadie274_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Abadie274_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Abadie 2003, p. 274.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cal9-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cal9_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cal9_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cal9_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cal9_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Calvocoressi 1990, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nga-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nga_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nga_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nga.gov.au/International/Catalogue/Detail.cfm?IRN=148052">"National Gallery of Australia | Les Amants [The lovers]"</a>. Nga.gov.au<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Gallery+of+Australia+%26%23124%3B+Les+Amants+%5BThe+lovers%26%2393%3B&rft.pub=Nga.gov.au&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnga.gov.au%2FInternational%2FCatalogue%2FDetail.cfm%3FIRN%3D148052&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guggenheim-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guggenheim_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guggenheim_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.guggenheim.org/artwork/artist/rene-magritte">"The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation"</a>. <i>The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guggenheim+Museums+and+Foundation&rft.atitle=The+Guggenheim+Museums+and+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.guggenheim.org%2Fartwork%2Fartist%2Frene-magritte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gisèle Ollinger-Zinque and Frederik Leen (Ed.), <i>Magritte, 1898-1967</i>, Musées royaux des beaux-arts de Belgique, Ludion Press, 1998, p. 308</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarler2018" class="citation news cs1">Marler, Regina (25 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2018/10/25/rene-magritte-every-time-i-look-at-it-i-feel-ill/">"Every Time I Look at It I Feel Ill"</a>. <i>New York Review of Books</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-7504">0028-7504</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Every+Time+I+Look+at+It+I+Feel+Ill&rft.date=2018-10-25&rft.issn=0028-7504&rft.aulast=Marler&rft.aufirst=Regina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2F2018%2F10%2F25%2Frene-magritte-every-time-i-look-at-it-i-feel-ill%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cassou_(1984)-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cassou_(1984)_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cassou, Jean (1984) <i>The Concise Encyclopaedia of Symbolism</i>. Chartwell Books, Inc. Secaucus, New Jersey. 292 pp. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89009-706-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-89009-706-2">0-89009-706-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCotter2013" class="citation news cs1">Cotter, Holland (26 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/27/arts/design/a-rene-magritte-survey-at-the-museum-of-modern-art.html">"There's More Than Meets the Eye"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=There%E2%80%99s+More+Than+Meets+the+Eye&rft.date=2013-09-26&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Cotter&rft.aufirst=Holland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F09%2F27%2Farts%2Fdesign%2Fa-rene-magritte-survey-at-the-museum-of-modern-art.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rene-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rene_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnes2001" class="citation book cs1">Barnes, Rachel (2001). <i>The 20th-Century Art Book</i> (Reprinted. ed.). London: Phaidon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0714835420" title="Special:BookSources/0714835420"><bdi>0714835420</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+20th-Century+Art+Book&rft.place=London&rft.edition=Reprinted.&rft.pub=Phaidon+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0714835420&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mattesonart.com/camille-goemans.aspx">"Camille Goemans - Matteson Art"</a>. <i>www.mattesonart.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mattesonart.com&rft.atitle=Camille+Goemans+-+Matteson+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mattesonart.com%2Fcamille-goemans.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inventin.lautre.net/livres/La-revolution-surrealiste-12.pdf">"Revolution surrealiste nb 12"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>inventin.lautre.net</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=inventin.lautre.net&rft.atitle=Revolution+surrealiste+nb+12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finventin.lautre.net%2Flivres%2FLa-revolution-surrealiste-12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meuris217-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Meuris217_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meuris217_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Meuris 1991, p. 217.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meuris 1991, p. 221.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Professor Bram Hammacher", The Edward James Foundation souvenir guide, edited Peter Sarginson, 1992.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meuris 1991, p. 56.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meuris 1991, p. 218.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambith1998" class="citation news cs1">Lambith, Andrew (28 February 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/ceci-nest-pas-an-artist-1147477.html">"Ceci n'est pas an artist"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Ceci+n%27est+pas+an+artist&rft.date=1998-02-28&rft.aulast=Lambith&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Flife-style%2Fceci-nest-pas-an-artist-1147477.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meuris 1991, p. 61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marler, Regina (25 October 2018). "Every Time I Look at It I Feel Ill". <i>The New York Review of Books</i>. pp 8–12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autodidactproject.org/quote/magritte.html">"René Magritte on the Revolutionary Artist vs. Folk Art & Stalinism"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ren%C3%A9+Magritte+on+the+Revolutionary+Artist+vs.+Folk+Art+%26+Stalinism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.autodidactproject.org%2Fquote%2Fmagritte.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140903234654/http://www.musee-magritte-museum.be/Typo3/index.php?id=15">"Musee Magritte Museum"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musee-magritte-museum.be/Typo3/index.php?id=15">the original</a> on 3 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Musee+Magritte+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musee-magritte-museum.be%2FTypo3%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacques_Meuris1994" class="citation book cs1">Jacques Meuris (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/renemagritte18980000meur_h1e1/page/70"><i>René Magritte, 1898-1967</i></a>. Benedikt Taschen. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/renemagritte18980000meur_h1e1/page/70">70</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783822805466" title="Special:BookSources/9783822805466"><bdi>9783822805466</bdi></a>. <q>We shall not at this juncture risk analyzing an agnostic Magritte haunted perhaps by thoughts of ultimate destiny. "We behave as if there were no God" (Marien 1947).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ren%C3%A9+Magritte%2C+1898-1967&rft.pages=70&rft.pub=Benedikt+Taschen&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9783822805466&rft.au=Jacques+Meuris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frenemagritte18980000meur_h1e1%2Fpage%2F70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mattesonbiog-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mattesonbiog_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mattesonart.com/biography.aspx">"René Magritte: This is Not A Biography"</a>. Matteson Art<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ren%C3%A9+Magritte%3A+This+is+Not+A+Biography&rft.pub=Matteson+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mattesonart.com%2Fbiography.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaldacci2010" class="citation book cs1">Baldacci, Paolo (2010). <i>De Chirico, Max Ernst, Magritte, Balthus: A Look Into the Invisible</i>. Mandragora. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788874611522" title="Special:BookSources/9788874611522"><bdi>9788874611522</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=De+Chirico%2C+Max+Ernst%2C+Magritte%2C+Balthus%3A+A+Look+Into+the+Invisible&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Mandragora&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9788874611522&rft.aulast=Baldacci&rft.aufirst=Paolo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mattesonart.com/biography.aspx">"René Magritte: This is Not A Biography (1939-1940 Marital Difficulties- World War II Approaches)"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Surreal+Artists&rft.atitle=Ren%C3%A9+Magritte+the+Surrealist+Master+%7C+Surreal+Artists&rft.date=2017-05-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.surreal-artists.com%2Frene-magritte-the-surrealist-master%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spitz 1994, p.47</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gablik 1970, p. 98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gablik 1970, pp. 98–99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NGCPerspectiveIAndMadameRecamier-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NGCPerspectiveIAndMadameRecamier_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gallery.ca/magazine/artists/proud-coffin-rene-magrittes-perspective-madame-recamier-by-david">"Proud Coffin: René Magritte's Perspective: Madame Récamier by David"</a>. <i>National Gallery of Canada</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Gallery+of+Canada&rft.atitle=Proud+Coffin%3A+Ren%C3%A9+Magritte%27s+Perspective%3A+Madame+R%C3%A9camier+by+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gallery.ca%2Fmagazine%2Fartists%2Fproud-coffin-rene-magrittes-perspective-madame-recamier-by-david&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MSKGentPerspectiveIIAndBalcony-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MSKGentPerspectiveIIAndBalcony_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mskgent.be/en/featured-item/perspective-ii-manets-balcony">"René Magritte: Perspective II, Manet's Balcony"</a>. <i>Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Museum+of+Fine+Arts%2C+Ghent&rft.atitle=Ren%C3%A9+Magritte%3A+Perspective+II%2C+Manet%27s+Balcony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mskgent.be%2Fen%2Ffeatured-item%2Fperspective-ii-manets-balcony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meuris 1991, p. 195.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sylvester 1992, p.298</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spitz 1994, p.50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frasnay, Daniel. <i>The Artist's World</i>. New York: The Viking Press, 1969. pp. 99-107</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitflanders.us/index.php?page=NewMagritteMuseumBrussels">"Flanders - New Magritte Museum Brussels"</a>. visitflanders.us<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dakota+-+Koolhaus+%28Official+Music+Video%29&rft.pub=Armada+Music&rft.date=2010-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DvHNQ0N4gNAI%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Economist</i> 12 January 2019 p.31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musee-magritte-museum.be/en">"Home – Magritte Museum"</a>. <i>www.musee-magritte-museum.be</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.musee-magritte-museum.be&rft.atitle=Home+%E2%80%93+Magritte+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musee-magritte-museum.be%2Fen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090611192624/http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1901775,00.html">"Two New Museums for Tintin and Magritte"</a>. <i>Time</i>. 30 May 2009. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Two+New+Museums+for+Tintin+and+Magritte&rft.date=2009-05-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Farts%2Farticle%2F0%2C8599%2C1901775%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Victor Zak October 2009 page 20 Westways Magazine</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oisteanu-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Oisteanu_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oisteanu_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOisteanu2010" class="citation journal cs1">Oisteanu, Valery (8 July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://brooklynrail.org/2010/07/artseen/magritte-painter-philosopher">"Magritte, Painter-Philosopher"</a>. <i>The Brooklyn Rail</i> (July–August 2010).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Brooklyn+Rail&rft.atitle=Magritte%2C+Painter-Philosopher&rft.issue=July%E2%80%93August+2010&rft.date=2010-07-08&rft.aulast=Oisteanu&rft.aufirst=Valery&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbrooklynrail.org%2F2010%2F07%2Fartseen%2Fmagritte-painter-philosopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChrisafis2009" class="citation news cs1">Chrisafis, Angelique (24 September 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2009/sep/24/magritte-painting-stolen-brussels-olympia">"Magritte painting stolen at gunpoint"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Magritte+painting+stolen+at+gunpoint&rft.date=2009-09-24&rft.aulast=Chrisafis&rft.aufirst=Angelique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2009%2Fsep%2F24%2Fmagritte-painting-stolen-brussels-olympia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/09/24/magritte-painting-stolen/">NY Times</a>. Retrieved 24 September 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.demorgen.be/dm/nl/989/Binnenland/article/detail/1373702/2012/01/05/Dieven-geven-gestolen-Magritte-terug.dhtml">demorgen.be</a> retrieved 5 January 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2021/05/did-paying-a-ransom-for-a-stolen-magritte-painting-inadvertently-fund-terrorism">"Did Paying a Ransom for a Stolen Magritte Painting Inadvertently Fund Terrorism?"</a>. <i>Vanity Fair</i>. 27 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vanity+Fair&rft.atitle=Did+Paying+a+Ransom+for+a+Stolen+Magritte+Painting+Inadvertently+Fund+Terrorism%3F&rft.date=2021-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vanityfair.com%2Fstyle%2F2021%2F05%2Fdid-paying-a-ransom-for-a-stolen-magritte-painting-inadvertently-fund-terrorism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Menil Collection: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.menil.org/collection/5136-surrealism">Surrealism</a> (accessed 17 December 2020)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 60em"> <ul><li>Abadie, Daniel and Galerie nationale du jeu de paume (2003). <i>Magritte</i>. New York: Distributed Art Publishers. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781891024665" title="Special:BookSources/9781891024665">9781891024665</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlden,_Todd1999" class="citation book cs1">Alden, Todd (1999). <i>The Essential Magritte</i>. Two Editions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7607-8567-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7607-8567-8"><bdi>0-7607-8567-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Essential+Magritte&rft.pub=Two+Editions&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-7607-8567-8&rft.au=Alden%2C+Todd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllmer,_Patricia2019" class="citation book cs1">Allmer, Patricia (2019). <i>René Magritte</i>. London: Reaktion Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ren%C3%A9+Magritte&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Reaktion+Press.&rft.date=2019&rft.au=Allmer%2C+Patricia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Allmer, Patricia (2017) <i>This Is Magritte</i> London: Laurence King. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781780678504" title="Special:BookSources/9781780678504">9781780678504</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllmer,_Patricia2009" class="citation book cs1">Allmer, Patricia (2009). <i>René Magritte - Beyond Painting</i>. Manchester: Manchester University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-7928-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-7928-3"><bdi>978-0-7190-7928-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ren%C3%A9+Magritte+-+Beyond+Painting&rft.place=Manchester&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-7190-7928-3&rft.au=Allmer%2C+Patricia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Allmer, Patricia (2007). 'Dial M for Magritte' in "Johan Grimonprez - Looking for Alfred", eds. Steven Bode and Thomas Elsaesser, London: Film and Video Umbrella.</li> <li>Allmer, Patricia (2007). 'René Magritte and the Postcard' in "Collective Inventions: Surrealism in Belgium Reconsidered", eds. Patricia Allmer and Hilde van Gelder, Leuven: Leuven University Press.</li> <li>Allmer, Patricia (2007). 'Failing to Create - Magritte, Artistry, Art History' in <i>From Self to Shelf: The Artist Under Construction</i>, ed. William May, Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.</li> <li>Allmer, Patricia (2006). 'Framing the Real: Frames and the Process of Framing in René Magritte's Œuvre', in <i>Framing Borders in Literature and Other Media</i>, eds. Walter Bernhart and Werner Wolf, Amsterdam: Rodopi.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBertolucci,_BernardoGérard,_F._S.Kline,_T._J.2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bertolucci,_Bernardo" class="mw-redirect" title="Bertolucci, Bernardo">Bertolucci, Bernardo</a>; Gérard, F. S.; Kline, T. J. (2000). <i>Bernardo Bertolucci: Interviews</i>. Jackson: Miss. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57806-205-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-57806-205-5"><bdi>1-57806-205-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bernardo+Bertolucci%3A+Interviews&rft.place=Jackson%3A+Miss&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-57806-205-5&rft.au=Bertolucci%2C+Bernardo&rft.au=G%C3%A9rard%2C+F.+S.&rft.au=Kline%2C+T.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalvocoressi,_Richard1990" class="citation book cs1">Calvocoressi, Richard (1990). <i>Magritte</i>. New York: Watson-Guptill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8230-2962-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8230-2962-X"><bdi>0-8230-2962-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Magritte&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Watson-Guptill&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-8230-2962-X&rft.au=Calvocoressi%2C+Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChambers2024" class="citation book cs1">Chambers, Nicholas, ed. (2024). <i>Magritte</i>. Sydney: Art Gallery of New South Wales. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9-781741-741728" title="Special:BookSources/9-781741-741728"><bdi>9-781741-741728</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Magritte&rft.place=Sydney&rft.pub=Art+Gallery+of+New+South+Wales&rft.date=2024&rft.isbn=9-781741-741728&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanchev,_Alex2021" class="citation book cs1">Danchev, Alex (2021). <i>Magritte: A Life</i>. New York: Pantheon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-90819-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-90819-3"><bdi>978-0-307-90819-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Magritte%3A+A+Life&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Pantheon&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-0-307-90819-3&rft.au=Danchev%2C+Alex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFragola,_AnthonySmith,_Roch_C.1995" class="citation book cs1">Fragola, Anthony; Smith, Roch C. (1995). <i>The Erotic Dream Machine: Interviews with Alain Robbe-Grillet on His Films</i>. SIU Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8093-2004-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8093-2004-5"><bdi>0-8093-2004-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Erotic+Dream+Machine%3A+Interviews+with+Alain+Robbe-Grillet+on+His+Films&rft.pub=SIU+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-8093-2004-5&rft.au=Fragola%2C+Anthony&rft.au=Smith%2C+Roch+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Gablik, Suzi (1970). <i>Magritte</i>. London: Thames & Hudson. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-500-49003-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-500-49003-7">978-0-500-49003-7</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2007" class="citation journal cs1">Harris, James C. (1 August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.64.8.882">"The Murderer Threatened (L'assassin Menacé)"</a>. <i>Archives of General Psychiatry</i>. <b>64</b> (8): 882–883. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Farchpsyc.64.8.882">10.1001/archpsyc.64.8.882</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0003-990X">0003-990X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17679631">17679631</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+General+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=The+Murderer+Threatened+%28L%27assassin+Menac%C3%A9%29&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=882-883&rft.date=2007-08-01&rft.issn=0003-990X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17679631&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1001%2Farchpsyc.64.8.882&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=James+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1001%2Farchpsyc.64.8.882&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaplan,_Gilbert_E.Baum,_Timothy1982" class="citation book cs1">Kaplan, Gilbert E. & Baum, Timothy (1982). <i>The Graphic Work of René Magritte</i>. Two Editions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-686-39199-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-686-39199-3"><bdi>0-686-39199-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Graphic+Work+of+Ren%C3%A9+Magritte&rft.pub=Two+Editions&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-686-39199-3&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+Gilbert+E.&rft.au=Baum%2C+Timothy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevy,_Silvano1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Levy,_Silvano" class="mw-redirect" title="Levy, Silvano">Levy, Silvano</a> (1997). <i>Surrealism: Surrealist visuality</i>. Edinburgh: Keele University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85331-193-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-85331-193-6"><bdi>1-85331-193-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Surrealism%3A+Surrealist+visuality&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Keele+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=1-85331-193-6&rft.au=Levy%2C+Silvano&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevy,_Silvano2015" class="citation book cs1">Levy, Silvano (2015). <i>Decoding Magritte</i>. Bristol: Sansom & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781906593957" title="Special:BookSources/9781906593957"><bdi>9781906593957</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Decoding+Magritte&rft.place=Bristol&rft.pub=Sansom+%26+Co.&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781906593957&rft.au=Levy%2C+Silvano&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Levy, Silvano (1996). 'René Magritte: Representational Iconoclasm', in <i>Surrealist Visuality</i>, ed. S. Levy, Keele University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85331-170-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-85331-170-7">1-85331-170-7</a>.</li> <li>Levy, Silvano (2012). 'Magritte et le refus de l'authentique', <i>Cycnos</i>, Vol. 28, No. 1 (July 2012), pp. 53–62. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-296-96098-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-296-96098-5">978-2-296-96098-5</a>.</li> <li>Levy, Silvano (2005). 'Magritte at the Edge of Codes', <i>Image & Narrative</i>, No. 13 (November 2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imageandnarrative.be/inarchive/surrealism/levy.htm">Magritte at the Edge of Codes by Silvano Levy</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1780-678X">1780-678X</a>.</li> <li>Levy, Silvano (1993). 'Magritte, Mesens and Dada', <i>Aura</i>, No. 1, 11 pp. 31 41. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0968-1736">0968-1736</a>.</li> <li>Levy, Silvano (1993). 'Magritte: The Uncanny and the Image', <i>French Studies Bulletin</i>, No. 46, 3 pp. 15 17. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0262-2750">0262-2750</a>.</li> <li>Levy, Silvano (1992). 'Magritte and Words', <i>Journal of European Studies</i>, Vol. 22, Part 4, No. 88, 19 pp. 313 321. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0047-2441">0047-2441</a>.</li> <li>Levy, Silvano (1992). 'Magritte and the Surrealist Image', <i>Apollo</i>, Vol. CXXXVI, No. 366, 3 pp 117 119. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0003-6536">0003-6536</a>.</li> <li>Levy, Silvano (1990). 'Foucault on Magritte on Resemblance', <i>Modern Language Review</i>, Vol. 85, No.1, 7 pp. 50 56. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0026-7937">0026-7937</a>.</li> <li>Levy, Silvano (1981). 'René Magritte and Window Display', <i>Artscribe International</i>, No. 28, 5 pp. 24 28. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0309-2151">0309-2151</a>.</li> <li>Levy, Silvano (1992). 'This is a Magritte', <i>The Times Higher Education Supplement</i>, No. 1,028, 17 July 1992, 1 p. 18. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0049-3929">0049-3929</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeuris,_Jacques1991" class="citation book cs1">Meuris, Jacques (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/renemagritte18980000meur_h1e1"><i>René Magritte</i></a></span>. Cologne: Benedikt <a href="/wiki/Taschen" title="Taschen">Taschen</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8228-0546-7" title="Special:BookSources/3-8228-0546-7"><bdi>3-8228-0546-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ren%C3%A9+Magritte&rft.place=Cologne&rft.pub=Benedikt+Taschen&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=3-8228-0546-7&rft.au=Meuris%2C+Jacques&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frenemagritte18980000meur_h1e1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoisin,_Jacques1998" class="citation book cs1">Roisin, Jacques (1998). <i>Ceci n'est pas une biographie de Magritte</i>. Bruxelles: Alice Editions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-930182-05-9" title="Special:BookSources/2-930182-05-9"><bdi>2-930182-05-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ceci+n%27est+pas+une+biographie+de+Magritte&rft.place=Bruxelles&rft.pub=Alice+Editions&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=2-930182-05-9&rft.au=Roisin%2C+Jacques&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpitz,_Ellen_Handler1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Spitz,_Ellen_Handler" class="mw-redirect" title="Spitz, Ellen Handler">Spitz, Ellen Handler</a> (1994). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/museumsofmindmag0000spit"><i>Museums of the Mind</i></a></span>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-300-06029-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-300-06029-7"><bdi>0-300-06029-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Museums+of+the+Mind&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-300-06029-7&rft.au=Spitz%2C+Ellen+Handler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuseumsofmindmag0000spit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSylvester,_David1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Sylvester" title="David Sylvester">Sylvester, David</a> (1992). <i>Magritte</i>. Abrams. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-500-09227-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-500-09227-3"><bdi>0-500-09227-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Magritte&rft.pub=Abrams&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-500-09227-3&rft.au=Sylvester%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWest,_Shearer1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/West,_Shearer" class="mw-redirect" title="West, Shearer">West, Shearer</a> (1996). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bulfinchguidetoa0000west"><i>The Bullfinch Guide to Art</i></a></span>. UK: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8212-2137-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8212-2137-X"><bdi>0-8212-2137-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bullfinch+Guide+to+Art&rft.place=UK&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing+Plc&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-8212-2137-X&rft.au=West%2C+Shearer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbulfinchguidetoa0000west&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARen%C3%A9+Magritte" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Magritte&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:René Magritte">René Magritte</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.magritte.be/">Foundation Magritte</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.all-art.org/art_20th_century/magritte1.html">The biography and works of René Magritte</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150109213241/http://www.all-art.org/art_20th_century/magritte1.html">Archived</a> 9 January 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.magrittemuseum.be/">René Magritte Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/3692">René Magritte</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/magritte_rene.html">Magritte at Artcyclopedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/liverpool/exhibitions/renemagritte/default.shtm">René Magritte: The Pleasure Principle – Exhibition at Tate Liverpool, UK 2011</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081027105849/http://www.fine-arts-museum.be/site/EN/default.asp">Musée Magritte Museum</a> at <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100315011330/http://www.museumchick.com/museum-chick/2010/03/the-mus%C3%A9e-magritte-museum-brussels-surrealism.html">A visit to the Musée Magritte Museum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928060703/http://www.surrealismcentre.ac.uk/publications/papers/journal5/index.htm">Patricia Allmer, "La Reproduction Interdite: René Magritte and Forgery" in <i>Papers of Surrealism</i>, Issue 5, Spring 2007.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cinemaleuven.be/collectie?title=&items_per_page=15&theater=All&year=&director=&distributor=&actor_actress=&printer=&designer=emair">Cinema Leuven - Film posters designed by Emair/René Magritte</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="Template:René Magritte"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="Template talk:René Magritte"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="Special:EditPage/Template:René Magritte"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="René_Magritte" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">René Magritte</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEDD82">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_paintings_by_Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="List of paintings by René Magritte">List of paintings</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Difficult_Crossing" title="The Difficult Crossing">The Difficult Crossing</a></i> (1926; 1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Joueur_Secret" title="Le Joueur Secret">Le Joueur Secret</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Enchanted_Pose" title="The Enchanted Pose">The Enchanted Pose</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Menaced_Assassin" title="The Menaced Assassin">The Menaced Assassin</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Meaning_of_Night_(painting)" title="The Meaning of Night (painting)">The Meaning of Night</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Adulation_of_Space" title="The Adulation of Space">The Adulation of Space</a></i> (1927–1928)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Empty_Mask" title="The Empty Mask">The Empty Mask</a></i> (1928)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_False_Mirror" title="The False Mirror">The False Mirror</a></i> (1928)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Treachery_of_Images" title="The Treachery of Images">The Treachery of Images</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Threshold_of_Liberty" title="On the Threshold of Liberty">On the Threshold of Liberty</a></i> (1929/1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Voice_of_Space" title="The Voice of Space">The Voice of Space</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elective_Affinities_(Magritte)" title="Elective Affinities (Magritte)">Elective Affinities</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Human_Condition_(Magritte)" title="The Human Condition (Magritte)">The Human Condition</a></i> (1933/1935)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Portrait_(Magritte)" title="The Portrait (Magritte)">The Portrait</a></i> (1935)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Not_to_Be_Reproduced" title="Not to Be Reproduced">Not to Be Reproduced</a></i> (1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Time_Transfixed" title="Time Transfixed">Time Transfixed</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Palace_of_Memories" title="The Palace of Memories">The Palace of Memories</a></i> (1939)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_of_Light" title="The Empire of Light">The Empire of Light</a></i> (1949–1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Seducer" title="The Seducer">The Seducer</a></i> (1950)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Listening_Room" title="The Listening Room">The Listening Room</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Golconda_(Magritte)" title="Golconda (Magritte)">Golconda</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mysteries_of_the_Horizon" title="The Mysteries of the Horizon">The Mysteries of the Horizon</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/16th_September_(painting)" title="16th September (painting)">16th September</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Alarm_Clock_(painting)" title="The Alarm Clock (painting)">The Alarm Clock</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Castle_of_the_Pyrenees" title="The Castle of the Pyrenees">The Castle of the Pyrenees</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Telescope_(Magritte)" title="The Telescope (Magritte)">The Telescope</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Son_of_Man" title="The Son of Man">The Son of Man</a></i> (1964)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEDD82">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magritte_Museum" title="Magritte Museum">Magritte Museum (Brussels)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte_Museum" title="René Magritte Museum">René Magritte home and museum (Jette)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEDD82">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism">Surrealism</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Rene_and_Georgette_Magritte_with_Their_Dog_after_the_War" title="Rene and Georgette Magritte with Their Dog after the War">Rene and Georgette Magritte with Their Dog after the War</a>" (1983 song)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Surrealism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Surrealism" title="Template:Surrealism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Surrealism" title="Template talk:Surrealism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Surrealism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Surrealism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Surrealism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism">Surrealism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Agar" title="Eileen Agar">Eileen Agar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Arp" title="Jean Arp">Jean Arp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Atget" title="Eugène Atget">Eugène Atget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Bellmer" title="Hans Bellmer">Hans Bellmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques-Andr%C3%A9_Boiffard" title="Jacques-André Boiffard">Jacques-André Boiffard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Brandt" title="Bill Brandt">Bill Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Brauner" title="Victor Brauner">Victor Brauner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Brennan" title="Fanny Brennan">Fanny Brennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmy_Bridgwater" title="Emmy Bridgwater">Emmy Bridgwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Brunius" title="Jacques Brunius">Jacques Brunius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Cahun" title="Claude Cahun">Claude Cahun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonora_Carrington" title="Leonora Carrington">Leonora Carrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithell_Colquhoun" title="Ithell Colquhoun">Ithell Colquhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gala_Dal%C3%AD" title="Gala Dalí">Gala Dalí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Salvador Dalí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Dallaire" title="Jean Dallaire">Jean Dallaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Delvaux" title="Paul Delvaux">Paul Delvaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Dom%C3%ADnguez" title="Óscar Domínguez">Óscar Domínguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Dotremont" title="Christian Dotremont">Christian Dotremont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Marcel Duchamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duhamel" title="Marcel Duhamel">Marcel Duhamel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curt_Echtermeyer" title="Curt Echtermeyer">Curt Echtermeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Max Ernst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonor_Fini" title="Leonor Fini">Leonor Fini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Onslow_Ford" title="Gordon Onslow Ford">Gordon Onslow Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esteban_Franc%C3%A9s" title="Esteban Francés">Esteban Francés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Giacometti" title="Alberto Giacometti">Alberto Giacometti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julio_Gonz%C3%A1lez_(sculptor)" title="Julio González (sculptor)">Julio González</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Graverol" title="Jane Graverol">Jane Graverol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_H%C3%A9rold" title="Jacques Hérold">Jacques Hérold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentine_Hugo" title="Valentine Hugo">Valentine Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frida_Kahlo" title="Frida Kahlo">Frida Kahlo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerome_Kamrowski" title="Gerome Kamrowski">Gerome Kamrowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wifredo_Lam" title="Wifredo Lam">Wifredo Lam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Lamba" title="Jacqueline Lamba">Jacqueline Lamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dora_Maar" title="Dora Maar">Dora Maar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conroy_Maddox" title="Conroy Maddox">Conroy Maddox</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">René Magritte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Malkine" title="Georges Malkine">Georges Malkine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Mari%C3%ABn" title="Marcel Mariën">Marcel Mariën</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Masson" title="André Masson">André Masson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Matta" title="Roberto Matta">Roberto Matta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikul%C3%A1%C5%A1_Medek" title="Mikuláš Medek">Mikuláš Medek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Mellor" title="Oscar Mellor">Oscar Mellor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Melville" title="John Melville">John Melville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._L._T._Mesens" title="E. L. T. Mesens">E. L. T. Mesens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Miller" title="Lee Miller">Lee Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Morris" title="Desmond Morris">Desmond Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Joan Miró</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9ret_Oppenheim" title="Méret Oppenheim">Méret Oppenheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Paalen" title="Wolfgang Paalen">Wolfgang Paalen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjam%C3%ADn_Palencia" title="Benjamín Palencia">Benjamín Palencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Penrose" title="Roland Penrose">Roland Penrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man_Ray" title="Man Ray">Man Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_del_Renzio" title="Toni del Renzio">Toni del Renzio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aminollah_Rezaei" title="Aminollah Rezaei">Aminollah Rezaei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Sage" title="Kay Sage">Kay Sage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Seligmann" title="Kurt Seligmann">Kurt Seligmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Souris" title="André Souris">André Souris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Stejskal" title="Martin Stejskal">Martin Stejskal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jind%C5%99ich_%C5%A0tyrsk%C3%BD" title="Jindřich Štyrský">Jindřich Štyrský</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Tabard" title="Maurice Tabard">Maurice Tabard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Tanguy" title="Yves Tanguy">Yves Tanguy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Tanning" title="Dorothea Tanning">Dorothea Tanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karel_Teige" title="Karel Teige">Karel Teige</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristians_Tonny" title="Kristians Tonny">Kristians Tonny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyen" title="Toyen">Toyen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Valentin" title="Albert Valentin">Albert Valentin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remedios_Varo" title="Remedios Varo">Remedios Varo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Walker" title="James F. Walker">James F. Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radojica_%C5%BDivanovi%C4%87_Noe" title="Radojica Živanović Noe">Radojica Živanović Noe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unica_Z%C3%BCrn" title="Unica Zürn">Unica Zürn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Writers and<br />theorists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxime_Moses_Alexandre" title="Maxime Moses Alexandre">Maxime Moses Alexandre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Apollinaire" title="Guillaume Apollinaire">Guillaume Apollinaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Aragon" title="Louis Aragon">Louis Aragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonin_Artaud" title="Antonin Artaud">Antonin Artaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Baron" title="Jacques Baron">Jacques Baron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Bataille" title="Georges Bataille">Georges Bataille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monny_de_Boully" title="Monny de Boully">Monny de Boully</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">André Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Caillois" title="Roger Caillois">Roger Caillois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Calas" title="Nicolas Calas">Nicolas Calas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Crevel" title="René Crevel">René Crevel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Daumal" title="René Daumal">René Daumal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Desnos" title="Robert Desnos">Robert Desnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vratislav_Effenberger" title="Vratislav Effenberger">Vratislav Effenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_%C3%89luard" title="Paul Éluard">Paul Éluard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_Gauthier" title="Renée Gauthier">Renée Gauthier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Gilbert-Lecomte" title="Roger Gilbert-Lecomte">Roger Gilbert-Lecomte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvan_Goll" title="Yvan Goll">Yvan Goll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julien_Gracq" title="Julien Gracq">Julien Gracq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A8ne_Hamoir" title="Irène Hamoir">Irène Hamoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Hugnet" title="Georges Hugnet">Georges Hugnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Jarry" title="Alfred Jarry">Alfred Jarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelly_Kaplan" title="Nelly Kaplan">Nelly Kaplan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petr_Kr%C3%A1l" title="Petr Král">Petr Král</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Lacan" title="Jacques Lacan">Jacques Lacan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Lamantia" title="Philip Lamantia">Philip Lamantia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comte_de_Lautr%C3%A9amont" title="Comte de Lautréamont">Comte de Lautréamont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Lecomte" title="Marcel Lecomte">Marcel Lecomte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Leiris" title="Michel Leiris">Michel Leiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Limbour" title="Georges Limbour">Georges Limbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Malet" title="Léo Malet">Léo Malet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Mansour" title="Joyce Mansour">Joyce Mansour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du%C5%A1an_Mati%C4%87" title="Dušan Matić">Dušan Matić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Melville_(art_critic)" title="Robert Melville (art critic)">Robert Melville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_M%C3%A9nil" title="René Ménil">René Ménil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Morise" title="Max Morise">Max Morise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Naville" title="Pierre Naville">Pierre Naville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADt%C4%9Bzslav_Nezval" title="Vítězslav Nezval">Vítězslav Nezval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Noug%C3%A9" title="Paul Nougé">Paul Nougé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_P%C4%83un" title="Paul Păun">Paul Păun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_P%C3%A9ret" title="Benjamin Péret">Benjamin Péret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastko_Petrovi%C4%87" title="Rastko Petrović">Rastko Petrović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ponge" title="Francis Ponge">Francis Ponge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Pr%C3%A9vert" title="Jacques Prévert">Jacques Prévert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Queneau" title="Raymond Queneau">Raymond Queneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Read" title="Herbert Read">Herbert Read</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Reverdy" title="Pierre Reverdy">Pierre Reverdy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marko_Risti%C4%87_(surrealist)" title="Marko Ristić (surrealist)">Marko Ristić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Sadoul" title="Georges Sadoul">Georges Sadoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Scutenaire" title="Louis Scutenaire">Louis Scutenaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Soupault" title="Philippe Soupault">Philippe Soupault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Watson_Taylor_(surrealist)" title="Simon Watson Taylor (surrealist)">Simon Watson Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Thirion" title="André Thirion">André Thirion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dylan_Thomas" title="Dylan Thomas">Dylan Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_Tzara" title="Tristan Tzara">Tristan Tzara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Vach%C3%A9" title="Jacques Vaché">Jacques Vaché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Van_Hirtum" title="Marianne Van Hirtum">Marianne Van Hirtum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Vitrac" title="Roger Vitrac">Roger Vitrac</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ac%C3%A9phale" title="Acéphale">Acéphale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Automatistes" title="Les Automatistes">Les Automatistes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Surrealists" title="Birmingham Surrealists">Birmingham Surrealists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Surrealist_Group" title="British Surrealist Group">British Surrealist Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Surrealist_Research" title="Bureau of Surrealist Research">Bureau of Surrealist Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Imagists" title="Chicago Imagists">Chicago Imagists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Surrealist_Group" title="Chicago Surrealist Group">Chicago Surrealist Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dau_al_Set" title="Dau al Set">Dau al Set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighting_Cock_Society" title="Fighting Cock Society">Fighting Cock Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Firesign_Theatre" title="The Firesign Theatre">The Firesign Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Goon_Show" title="The Goon Show">The Goons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grup_d%27Elx" title="Grup d'Elx">Grup d'Elx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Mandr%C3%A1gora" title="La Mandrágora">La Mandrágora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" title="Monty Python">Monty Python</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refus_Global" title="Refus Global">Refus Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Surrealist_Group_in_Stockholm" title="The Surrealist Group in Stockholm">The Surrealist Group in Stockholm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Surrealist_Manifesto" title="Surrealist Manifesto">Surrealist Manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealist_automatism" title="Surrealist automatism">Surrealist automatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealist_cinema" title="Surrealist cinema">Surrealist cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealist_music" title="Surrealist music">Surrealist music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealist_techniques" title="Surrealist techniques">Surrealist techniques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surreal_humour" title="Surreal humour">Surreal humour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposition_Internationale_du_Surr%C3%A9alisme" title="Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme">Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_International_Surrealist_Exhibition" title="London International Surrealist Exhibition">London International Surrealist Exhibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_surrealists" title="Women surrealists">Women surrealists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dada" title="Dada">Dada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abstract_expressionism" title="Abstract expressionism">Abstract expressionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranoiac-critical_method" title="Paranoiac-critical method">Paranoiac-critical method</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mathematics_and_art" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mathematics_and_art" title="Template:Mathematics and art"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mathematics_and_art" title="Template talk:Mathematics and art"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mathematics_and_art" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mathematics and art"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mathematics_and_art" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_and_art" title="Mathematics and art">Mathematics and art</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algorithm" title="Algorithm">Algorithm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catenary" title="Catenary">Catenary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fractal" title="Fractal">Fractal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_ratio" title="Golden ratio">Golden ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperboloid_structure" title="Hyperboloid structure">Hyperboloid structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimal_surface" title="Minimal surface">Minimal surface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraboloid" title="Paraboloid">Paraboloid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perspective_(graphical)" title="Perspective (graphical)">Perspective</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camera_lucida" title="Camera lucida">Camera lucida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_obscura" title="Camera obscura">Camera obscura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_ratio" title="Plastic ratio">Plastic ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Projective_geometry" title="Projective geometry">Projective geometry</a></li> <li>Proportion <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proportion_(architecture)" title="Proportion (architecture)">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_proportions" title="Body proportions">Human</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmetry" title="Symmetry">Symmetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tessellation" title="Tessellation">Tessellation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallpaper_group" title="Wallpaper group">Wallpaper group</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FWF_Samuel_Monnier_(vertical_detail).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fibonacci word: detail of artwork by Samuel Monnier, 2009"><img alt="Fibonacci word: detail of artwork by Samuel Monnier, 2009" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/FWF_Samuel_Monnier_%28vertical_detail%29.jpg/75px-FWF_Samuel_Monnier_%28vertical_detail%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/FWF_Samuel_Monnier_%28vertical_detail%29.jpg/113px-FWF_Samuel_Monnier_%28vertical_detail%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/FWF_Samuel_Monnier_%28vertical_detail%29.jpg/150px-FWF_Samuel_Monnier_%28vertical_detail%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algorithmic_art" title="Algorithmic art">Algorithmic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anamorphosis" title="Anamorphosis">Anamorphic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_and_architecture" title="Mathematics and architecture">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geodesic_dome" title="Geodesic dome">Geodesic dome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid" title="Pyramid">Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vastu_shastra" title="Vastu shastra">Vastu shastra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_art" title="Computer art">Computer art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_and_fiber_arts" title="Mathematics and fiber arts">Fiber arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_dimension_in_art" title="Fourth dimension in art">4D art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fractal_art" title="Fractal art">Fractal art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_geometric_patterns" title="Islamic geometric patterns">Islamic geometric patterns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Girih" title="Girih">Girih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jali" title="Jali">Jali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muqarnas" title="Muqarnas">Muqarnas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zellij" title="Zellij">Zellij</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knot" title="Knot">Knotting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_knot" title="Celtic knot">Celtic knot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_interlace" title="Croatian interlace">Croatian interlace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interlace_(art)" title="Interlace (art)">Interlace</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_and_mathematics" title="Music and mathematics">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origami" title="Origami">Origami</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_of_paper_folding" title="Mathematics of paper folding">Mathematics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_sculpture" title="Mathematical sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_art" title="String art">String art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tessellation" title="Tessellation">Tiling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artworks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_designed_with_the_golden_ratio" title="List of works designed with the golden ratio">List of works designed with the golden ratio</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Continuum_(sculpture)" title="Continuum (sculpture)">Continuum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mathemalchemy" title="Mathemalchemy">Mathemalchemy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mathematica:_A_World_of_Numbers..._and_Beyond" title="Mathematica: A World of Numbers... and Beyond">Mathematica: A World of Numbers... and Beyond</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Octacube_(sculpture)" title="Octacube (sculpture)">Octacube</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pi_(art_project)" title="Pi (art project)">Pi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pi_in_the_Sky" title="Pi in the Sky">Pi in the Sky</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_and_architecture" title="Mathematics and architecture">Buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Saint_Mary_of_the_Assumption_(San_Francisco)" title="Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption (San Francisco)">Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sophia" title="Hagia Sophia">Hagia Sophia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheon,_Rome" title="Pantheon, Rome">Pantheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Pyramid_of_Giza" title="Great Pyramid of Giza">Pyramid of Khufu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagrada_Fam%C3%ADlia" title="Sagrada Família">Sagrada Família</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Opera_House" title="Sydney Opera House">Sydney Opera House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taj_Mahal" title="Taj Mahal">Taj Mahal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mathematical_artists" title="List of mathematical artists">Artists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Renaissance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Uccello" title="Paolo Uccello">Paolo Uccello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piero_della_Francesca" title="Piero della Francesca">Piero della Francesca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Vitruvian_Man" title="Vitruvian Man">Vitruvian Man</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Albrecht Dürer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmigianino" title="Parmigianino">Parmigianino</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Self-portrait_in_a_Convex_Mirror" title="Self-portrait in a Convex Mirror">Self-portrait in a Convex Mirror</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th–20th<br />Century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">William Blake</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ancient_of_Days" title="The Ancient of Days">The Ancient of Days</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Newton_(Blake)" title="Newton (Blake)">Newton</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Metzinger" title="Jean Metzinger">Jean Metzinger</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dancer_in_a_Caf%C3%A9" title="Dancer in a Café">Danseuse au café</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Oiseau_bleu_(Metzinger)" class="mw-redirect" title="L'Oiseau bleu (Metzinger)">L'Oiseau bleu</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_de_Chirico" title="Giorgio de Chirico">Giorgio de Chirico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man_Ray" title="Man Ray">Man Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._C._Escher" title="M. C. Escher">M. C. Escher</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Circle_Limit_III" title="Circle Limit III">Circle Limit III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Print_Gallery_(M._C._Escher)" title="Print Gallery (M. C. Escher)">Print Gallery</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Relativity_(M._C._Escher)" title="Relativity (M. C. Escher)">Relativity</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reptiles_(M._C._Escher)" title="Reptiles (M. C. Escher)">Reptiles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Waterfall_(M._C._Escher)" title="Waterfall (M. C. Escher)">Waterfall</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">René Magritte</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Human_Condition_(Magritte)" title="The Human Condition (Magritte)">La condition humaine</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Salvador Dalí</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_(Corpus_Hypercubus)" title="Crucifixion (Corpus Hypercubus)">Crucifixion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Swallow%27s_Tail" title="The Swallow's Tail">The Swallow's Tail</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crockett_Johnson" title="Crockett Johnson">Crockett Johnson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Bill" title="Max Bill">Max Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Demaine" title="Martin Demaine">Martin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Erik_Demaine" title="Erik Demaine">Erik Demaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Draves" title="Scott Draves">Scott Draves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Dibbets" title="Jan Dibbets">Jan Dibbets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ernest" title="John Ernest">John Ernest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helaman_Ferguson" title="Helaman Ferguson">Helaman Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Forakis" title="Peter Forakis">Peter Forakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Goldstine" title="Susan Goldstine">Susan Goldstine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathsheba_Grossman" title="Bathsheba Grossman">Bathsheba Grossman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Hart" title="George W. Hart">George W. Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Paul_Henry" title="Desmond Paul Henry">Desmond Paul Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hill_(artist)" title="Anthony Hill (artist)">Anthony Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Jencks" title="Charles Jencks">Charles Jencks</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Garden_of_Cosmic_Speculation" title="Garden of Cosmic Speculation">Garden of Cosmic Speculation</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Lomas" title="Andy Lomas">Andy Lomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Longhurst" title="Robert Longhurst">Robert Longhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanette_McLeod" title="Jeanette McLeod">Jeanette McLeod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamid_Naderi_Yeganeh" title="Hamid Naderi Yeganeh">Hamid Naderi Yeganeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_Orosz" title="István Orosz">István Orosz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinke_Osinga" title="Hinke Osinga">Hinke Osinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Pevsner" title="Antoine Pevsner">Antoine Pevsner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Robbin" title="Tony Robbin">Tony Robbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alba_Rojo_Cama" title="Alba Rojo Cama">Alba Rojo Cama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reza_Sarhangi" class="mw-redirect" title="Reza Sarhangi">Reza Sarhangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Sin" title="Oliver Sin">Oliver Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Sugimoto" title="Hiroshi Sugimoto">Hiroshi Sugimoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daina_Taimi%C5%86a" title="Daina Taimiņa">Daina Taimiņa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Verostko" title="Roman Verostko">Roman Verostko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Wertheim" title="Margaret Wertheim">Margaret Wertheim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theorists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polykleitos" title="Polykleitos">Polykleitos</a> <ul><li><i>Canon</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitruvius" title="Vitruvius">Vitruvius</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/De_architectura" title="De architectura">De architectura</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Renaissance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filippo_Brunelleschi" title="Filippo Brunelleschi">Filippo Brunelleschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Battista_Alberti" title="Leon Battista Alberti">Leon Battista Alberti</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/De_pictura" title="De pictura">De pictura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_re_aedificatoria" title="De re aedificatoria">De re aedificatoria</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piero_della_Francesca" title="Piero della Francesca">Piero della Francesca</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/De_prospectiva_pingendi" title="De prospectiva pingendi">De prospectiva pingendi</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luca_Pacioli" title="Luca Pacioli">Luca Pacioli</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Divina_proportione" title="Divina proportione">De divina proportione</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Treatise_on_Painting" title="A Treatise on Painting">A Treatise on Painting</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Albrecht Dürer</a> <ul><li><i>Vier Bücher von Menschlicher Proportion</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastiano_Serlio" title="Sebastiano Serlio">Sebastiano Serlio</a> <ul><li><i>Regole generali d'architettura</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Palladio" title="Andrea Palladio">Andrea Palladio</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/I_quattro_libri_dell%27architettura" title="I quattro libri dell'architettura">I quattro libri dell'architettura</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Romantic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Colman" title="Samuel Colman">Samuel Colman</a> <ul><li><i>Nature's Harmonic Unity</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederik_Macody_Lund" title="Frederik Macody Lund">Frederik Macody Lund</a> <ul><li><i>Ad Quadratum</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Hambidge" title="Jay Hambidge">Jay Hambidge</a> <ul><li><i>The Greek Vase</i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Jones_(architect)" title="Owen Jones (architect)">Owen Jones</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Owen_Jones_(architect)#The_Grammar_of_Ornament" title="Owen Jones (architect)">The Grammar of Ornament</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hanbury_Hankin" title="Ernest Hanbury Hankin">Ernest Hanbury Hankin</a> <ul><li><i>The Drawing of Geometric Patterns in Saracenic Art</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._H._Hardy" title="G. H. Hardy">G. H. Hardy</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Mathematician%27s_Apology" title="A Mathematician's Apology">A Mathematician's Apology</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff">George David Birkhoff</a> <ul><li><i>Aesthetic Measure</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Hofstadter" title="Douglas Hofstadter">Douglas Hofstadter</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6del,_Escher,_Bach" title="Gödel, Escher, Bach">Gödel, Escher, Bach</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikos_Salingaros" title="Nikos Salingaros">Nikos Salingaros</a> <ul><li><i>The 'Life' of a Carpet</i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Mathematics_and_the_Arts" title="Journal of Mathematics and the Arts">Journal of Mathematics and the Arts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lumen_Naturae" title="Lumen Naturae">Lumen Naturae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Making_Mathematics_with_Needlework" title="Making Mathematics with Needlework">Making Mathematics with Needlework</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_of_Structure" title="Rhythm of Structure">Rhythm of Structure</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Viewpoints:_Mathematical_Perspective_and_Fractal_Geometry_in_Art" title="Viewpoints: Mathematical Perspective and Fractal Geometry in Art">Viewpoints: Mathematical Perspective and Fractal Geometry in Art</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ars_Mathematica_(organization)" title="Ars Mathematica (organization)">Ars Mathematica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bridges_Organization" title="The Bridges Organization">The Bridges Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Society_for_Mathematics_and_the_Arts" title="European Society for Mathematics and the Arts">European Society for Mathematics and the Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goudreau_Museum_of_Mathematics_in_Art_and_Science" title="Goudreau Museum of Mathematics in Art and Science">Goudreau Museum of Mathematics in Art and Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_For_Figuring" title="Institute For Figuring">Institute For Figuring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathemalchemy" title="Mathemalchemy">Mathemalchemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Mathematics" title="National Museum of Mathematics">National Museum of Mathematics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Droste_effect" title="Droste effect">Droste effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_beauty" title="Mathematical beauty">Mathematical beauty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patterns_in_nature" title="Patterns in nature">Patterns in nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_geometry" title="Sacred geometry">Sacred geometry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a 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.portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ballerina-icon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ballerina-icon.jpg/16px-Ballerina-icon.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ballerina-icon.jpg/24px-Ballerina-icon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ballerina-icon.jpg/32px-Ballerina-icon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="306" data-file-height="367" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Art">Art</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7836#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7836#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7836#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/69008939">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500022967">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/51983">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/43f34bff-8eea-4658-960d-cd38d20eb5b8">KulturNav</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/1096/">Victoria</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/19426">Photographers' Identities</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aucklandartgallery.com/explore-art-and-ideas/artist/2491/">Auckland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.agsa.sa.gov.au/collection-publications/collection/creators/_/9840/">South Australia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/911148">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118576208.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6cj8m98">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=René_Magritte&oldid=1258401081">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=René_Magritte&oldid=1258401081</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="Category:René Magritte">René Magritte</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1898_births" title="Category:1898 births">1898 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1967_deaths" title="Category:1967 deaths">1967 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