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aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="보이기" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">보이기</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko" class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-수상_경력" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#수상_경력"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>수상 경력</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-수상_경력-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-저서·논문" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#저서·논문"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>저서·논문</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-저서·논문-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-외부_링크" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#외부_링크"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>외부 링크</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-외부_링크-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">마르틴 카르플루스</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 52개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3" title="مارتين كاربلوس – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مارتين كاربلوس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3" title="مارتین کارپلوس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مارتین کارپلوس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Марцін Карплюс – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Марцін Карплюс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81" title="Мартин Карплус – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мартин Карплус" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="মার্টিন কারপ্লাস – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মার্টিন কারপ্লাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82" title="Μάρτιν Κάρπλους – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μάρτιν Κάρπλους" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3" title="مارتین کارپلوس – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مارتین کارپلوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 스코틀랜드 게일어" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="스코틀랜드 게일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 하카어" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="하카어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A1" title="מרטין קרפלוס – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרטין קרפלוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B8" title="मार्टिन कारप्लस – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मार्टिन कारप्लस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D4%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BA%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD" title="Մարտին Կարպլուս – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մարտին Կարպլուս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 이도어" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="이도어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9" title="マーティン・カープラス – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マーティン・カープラス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martinus_Karplus" title="Martinus Karplus – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Martinus Karplus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3" title="مارتین کارپلوس – 마잔데라니어" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مارتین کارپلوس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="마잔데라니어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 저지 독일어" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="저지 독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%B9%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%B3" title="مارٹن کارپلس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مارٹن کارپلس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81,_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Карплус, Мартин – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Карплус, Мартин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 스와힐리어" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="스와힐리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="மார்ட்டின் கார்ப்பிளசு – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மார்ட்டின் கார்ப்பிளசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81" title="Мартин Карплус – 타타르어" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мартин Карплус" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="타타르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81" title="Мартін Карплус – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мартін Карплус" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%B9%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%B3" title="مارٹن کارپلس – 우르두어" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مارٹن کارپلس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="우르두어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus – 요루바어" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Martin Karplus" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4&printable=yes" title="이 문서의 인쇄용 판 [p]" accesskey="p"><span>인쇄용 판</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 다른 프로젝트 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Martin_Karplus" hreflang="en"><span>위키미디어 공용</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q903471" title="데이터 저장소에 연결된 항목을 가리키는 링크 [g]" accesskey="g"><span>위키데이터 항목</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="페이지 도구"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="보이기"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">보이기</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> </p> <table class="infobox" style="width:22em"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2"> <div style="background:gainsboro; position:relative; width:300px; height:50px; display:table;"><div style="position:absolute; bottom:0px; right:0;"></div><span style="position:relative; width:100%; display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; padding:4px;"> <big><big><b>마르틴 카르플루스 <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81" title="노벨상"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/30px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/45px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/60px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></a></span></b></big></big><small></small><br /><big>Martin Karplus</big></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Martin_Karplus_Nobel_Prize_22_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="2013년 촬영" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Martin_Karplus_Nobel_Prize_22_2013.jpg/200px-Martin_Karplus_Nobel_Prize_22_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Martin_Karplus_Nobel_Prize_22_2013.jpg/300px-Martin_Karplus_Nobel_Prize_22_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Martin_Karplus_Nobel_Prize_22_2013.jpg/400px-Martin_Karplus_Nobel_Prize_22_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2689" data-file-height="2689" /></a></span><br />2013년 촬영 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">출생 </th> <td>1930년 3월 15일<span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1930-03-15</span>)</span>(94세)<br /><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_%EC%A0%9C1%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="오스트리아 제1공화국">오스트리아 제1공화국</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%88" title="빈">빈</a><sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">국적 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD" title="미국">미국</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84" title="오스트리아">오스트리아</a><sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">출신 학교 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%EC%BA%98%EB%A6%AC%ED%8F%AC%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84_%EA%B3%B5%EA%B3%BC%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="캘리포니아 공과대학교">캘리포니아 공과대학교</a><sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%B2%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="하버드 대학교">하버드 대학교</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">수상 </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%B4%EB%B9%99_%EB%9E%AD%EB%AE%A4%EC%96%B4%EC%83%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="어빙 랭뮤어상 (없는 문서)">어빙 랭뮤어상</a>(1987년)<br /><a href="/wiki/%EC%99%95%EB%A6%BD%ED%95%99%ED%9A%8C_%ED%9A%8C%EC%9B%90" title="왕립학회 회원">ForMemRS</a>(2000년)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%84%88%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8F%B4%EB%A7%81%EC%83%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="라이너스 폴링상 (없는 문서)">라이너스 폴링상</a>(2004년)<br /><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 화학상">노벨 화학상</a>(2013년)<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">분야 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0%ED%99%94%ED%95%99" title="이론화학">이론화학</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">소속 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%B2%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="하버드 대학교">하버드 대학교</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="스트라스부르 대학교">스트라스부르 대학교</a><sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%AC%EB%9F%BC%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="컬럼비아 대학교">컬럼비아 대학교</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%A6%AC%EB%85%B8%EC%9D%B4_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90_%EC%96%B4%EB%B0%B0%EB%84%88-%EC%84%90%ED%8E%98%EC%9D%B8" title="일리노이 대학교 어배너-섐페인">일리노이 대학교 어배너-섐페인</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left">박사 지도교수 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%84%88%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8F%B4%EB%A7%81" title="라이너스 폴링">라이너스 폴링</a><sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>마르틴 카르플루스</b>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%96%B4" title="영어">영어</a>: </span><span lang="en">Martin Karplus</span>, <a href="/wiki/1930%EB%85%84" title="1930년">1930년</a> <a href="/wiki/3%EC%9B%94_15%EC%9D%BC" title="3월 15일">3월 15일</a> ~ )는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD" title="미국">미국</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90" class="mw-redirect" title="이론화학자">이론화학자</a>이다. 2013년에 컴퓨터로 화학 반응을 예측하고 이해하는데 이론적 기초를 제공한 공로를 인정받아 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%B4_%EB%A0%88%EB%B9%97" title="마이클 레빗">마이클 레빗</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC_%EC%9B%8C%EC%85%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="아리 워셜">아리 워셜</a>과 함께 <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 화학상">노벨 화학상</a>을 수상하였다.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20131009_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20131009-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="수상_경력"><span id=".EC.88.98.EC.83.81_.EA.B2.BD.EB.A0.A5"></span>수상 경력</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 수상 경력"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1987년 : <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%96%B4%EB%B9%99_%EB%9E%AD%EB%AE%A4%EC%96%B4%EC%83%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="어빙 랭뮤어상 (없는 문서)">어빙 랭뮤어상</a></li> <li>2004년 : <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%84%88%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8F%B4%EB%A7%81%EC%83%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="라이너스 폴링상 (없는 문서)">라이너스 폴링상</a></li> <li>2013년 : <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 화학상">노벨 화학상</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="저서·논문"><span id=".EC.A0.80.EC.84.9C.C2.B7.EB.85.BC.EB.AC.B8"></span>저서·논문</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 저서·논문"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation journal">Karplus, Martin (1959). “Contact Electron-Spin Coupling of Nuclear Magnetic Moments”. 《<a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Chem._Phys.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Chem. Phys. (없는 문서)">J. Chem. Phys.</a>》 <b>30</b> (1): 11–15. <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EB%B8%8C%EC%BD%94%EB%93%9C" title="비브코드">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1959JChPh..30...11K">1959JChPh..30...11K</a>. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1063%2F1.1729860">10.1063/1.1729860</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Chem.+Phys.&rft.atitle=Contact+Electron-Spin+Coupling+of+Nuclear+Magnetic+Moments&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=11-15&rft.date=1959&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1063%2F1.1729860&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1959JChPh..30...11K&rft.aulast=Karplus&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Karplus, Martin (1963). “Vicinal Proton Coupling in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance”. 《<a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Am._Chem._Soc.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Am. Chem. Soc. (없는 문서)">J. Am. Chem. Soc.</a>》 <b>85</b> (18): 2870–2871. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Fja00901a059">10.1021/ja00901a059</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Am.+Chem.+Soc.&rft.atitle=Vicinal+Proton+Coupling+in+Nuclear+Magnetic+Resonance&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=18&rft.pages=2870-2871&rft.date=1963&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fja00901a059&rft.aulast=Karplus&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Koeppl, G. W. and M. Karplus. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/display_biblio.cgi?id=ACC0480&numPages=9&fp=N">Comparison of 3D Classical Trajectory and Transition-State Theory Reaction Cross Sections,</a>" <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%B2%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="하버드 대학교">Harvard University</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80%EB%B6%80" title="미국 에너지부">United States Department of Energy</a> (through predecessor agency the <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9B%90%EC%9E%90%EB%A0%A5_%EC%9C%84%EC%9B%90%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="미국 원자력 위원회">United States Atomic Energy Commission|Atomic Energy Commission</a>), (October 1970).</li> <li>Tang, K. T. and M. Karplus. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/display_biblio.cgi?id=ACC0481&numPages=53&fp=N">Quantum Theory of (H,H{Sub 2}) Scattering: Approximate Treatments of Reactive Scattering,</a>" <a href="/wiki/%EC%BB%AC%EB%9F%BC%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="컬럼비아 대학교">Columbia University</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%B2%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="하버드 대학교">Harvard University</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80%EB%B6%80" title="미국 에너지부">United States Department of Energy</a> (through predecessor agency the <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9B%90%EC%9E%90%EB%A0%A5_%EC%9C%84%EC%9B%90%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="미국 원자력 위원회">Atomic Energy Commission</a>), (October 1970).</li> <li>Shizgal B. and M. Karplus. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/display_biblio.cgi?id=ACC0482&numPages=23&fp=N">Nonequilibrium Contribution to the Rate of Reaction. III. Isothermal Multicomponent Systems,</a>" <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%B2%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="하버드 대학교">Harvard University</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80%EB%B6%80" title="미국 에너지부">United States Department of Energy</a> (through predecessor agency the <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9B%90%EC%9E%90%EB%A0%A5_%EC%9C%84%EC%9B%90%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="미국 원자력 위원회">Atomic Energy Commission</a>), (October 1970).</li> <li>Karplus, M. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osti.gov/cgi-bin/rd_accomplishments/display_biblio.cgi?id=ACC0483&numPages=7&fp=N">Theoretical Studies in Chemical Kinetics - Annual Report, 1970.,</a>" <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%B2%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="하버드 대학교">Harvard University</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80%EB%B6%80" title="미국 에너지부">United States Department of Energy</a> (through predecessor agency the <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9B%90%EC%9E%90%EB%A0%A5_%EC%9C%84%EC%9B%90%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="미국 원자력 위원회">Atomic Energy Commission</a>), (October 1970).</li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Warshel, A.; Karplus, M. (1972). “Calculation of ground and excited state potential surfaces of conjugated molecules. I. Formulation and parametrization”. 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》 <b>94</b> (16): 5612–5625. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Fja00771a014">10.1021/ja00771a014</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=Calculation+of+ground+and+excited+state+potential+surfaces+of+conjugated+molecules.+I.+Formulation+and+parametrization&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=16&rft.pages=5612-5625&rft.date=1972&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fja00771a014&rft.aulast=Warshel&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.au=Karplus%2C+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Brooks, Bernard R.; Bruccoleri, Robert E.; Olafson, Barry D.; States, David J.; Swaminathan, S.; Karplus, Martin (1983). “CHARMM: A program for macromolecular energy, minimization, and dynamics calculations”. 《Journal of Computational Chemistry》 <b>4</b> (2): 187–217. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fjcc.540040211">10.1002/jcc.540040211</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Computational+Chemistry&rft.atitle=CHARMM%3A+A+program+for+macromolecular+energy%2C+minimization%2C+and+dynamics+calculations&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=187-217&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fjcc.540040211&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Bernard+R.&rft.au=Bruccoleri%2C+Robert+E.&rft.au=Olafson%2C+Barry+D.&rft.au=States%2C+David+J.&rft.au=Swaminathan%2C+S.&rft.au=Karplus%2C+Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Pettitt, BM; Karplus, M (1985). “The potential of mean force surface for the alanine dipeptide in aqueous solution: a theoretical approach”. 《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%BC%80%EB%AF%B8%EC%BB%AC_%ED%94%BC%EC%A7%81%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A0%88%ED%84%B0%EC%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="케미컬 피직스 레터스 (없는 문서)">Chem Phys Lett</a>》 <b>121</b> (3): 194–201. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0009-2614%2885%2985509-3">10.1016/0009-2614(85)85509-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chem+Phys+Lett&rft.atitle=The+potential+of+mean+force+surface+for+the+alanine+dipeptide+in+aqueous+solution%3A+a+theoretical+approach&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=194-201&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0009-2614%2885%2985509-3&rft.aulast=Pettitt&rft.aufirst=BM&rft.au=Karplus%2C+M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Brünger, AT; Kuriyan, J; Karplus, M (1987). “Crystallographic R factor refinement by molecular dynamics.”. 《Science》 <b>235</b> (4787): 458–60. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.235.4787.458">10.1126/science.235.4787.458</a>. <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%8D%EB%A9%94%EB%93%9C" title="펍메드">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17810339">17810339</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Crystallographic+R+factor+refinement+by+molecular+dynamics.&rft.volume=235&rft.issue=4787&rft.pages=458-60&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.235.4787.458&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17810339&rft.aulast=Br%C3%BCnger&rft.aufirst=AT&rft.au=Kuriyan%2C+J&rft.au=Karplus%2C+M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Pettitt, BM; Karplus, M (1987). “The structure of water surrounding a peptide: a theoretical approach.”. 《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%BC%80%EB%AF%B8%EC%BB%AC_%ED%94%BC%EC%A7%81%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A0%88%ED%84%B0%EC%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="케미컬 피직스 레터스 (없는 문서)">Chem Phys Lett</a>》 <b>136</b> (5): 383–6. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0009-2614%2887%2980271-3">10.1016/0009-2614(87)80271-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chem+Phys+Lett&rft.atitle=The+structure+of+water+surrounding+a+peptide%3A+a+theoretical+approach.&rft.volume=136&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=383-6&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0009-2614%2887%2980271-3&rft.aulast=Pettitt&rft.aufirst=BM&rft.au=Karplus%2C+M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Field, Martin J.; 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Yang, W; Karplus, M (2005). “A structure-based model for the synthesis and hydrolysis of ATP by F1-ATPase.”. 《Cell》 <b>123</b> (2): 195–205. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2005.10.001">10.1016/j.cell.2005.10.001</a>. <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%8D%EB%A9%94%EB%93%9C" title="펍메드">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239139">16239139</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell&rft.atitle=A+structure-based+model+for+the+synthesis+and+hydrolysis+of+ATP+by+F1-ATPase.&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=195-205&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.cell.2005.10.001&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16239139&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=YQ&rft.au=Yang%2C+W&rft.au=Karplus%2C+M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Brooks, BR; Brooks, CL 3rd; Mackerell, AD Jr; Nilsson, L; Petrella, RJ; Roux, B; Won, Y; Archontis, G; Bartels, C; Boresch, S; Caflisch, A; Caves, L; Cui, Q; Dinner, AR; Feig, M; Fischer, S; Gao, J; Hodoscek, M; Im, W; Kuczera, K; Lazaridis, T; Ma, J; Ovchinnikov, V; Paci, E; Pastor, RW; Post, CB; Pu, JZ; Schaefer, M; Tidor, B; Venable, RM; Woodcock, HL; Wu, X; Yang, W; York, DM; Karplus, M (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2810661">“CHARMM: the biomolecular simulation program.”</a>. 《Journal of computational chemistry》 <b>30</b> (10): 1545–614. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fjcc.21287">10.1002/jcc.21287</a>. <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%8D%EB%A9%94%EB%93%9C_%EC%84%BC%ED%8A%B8%EB%9F%B4" title="펍메드 센트럴">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2810661">2810661</a>. <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%8D%EB%A9%94%EB%93%9C" title="펍메드">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19444816">19444816</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+computational+chemistry&rft.atitle=CHARMM%3A+the+biomolecular+simulation+program.&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=1545-614&rft.date=2009&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2810661&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19444816&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fjcc.21287&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=BR&rft.au=Brooks%2C+CL+3rd&rft.au=Mackerell%2C+AD+Jr&rft.au=Nilsson%2C+L&rft.au=Petrella%2C+RJ&rft.au=Roux%2C+B&rft.au=Won%2C+Y&rft.au=Archontis%2C+G&rft.au=Bartels%2C+C&rft.au=Boresch%2C+S&rft.au=Caflisch%2C+A&rft.au=Caves%2C+L&rft.au=Cui%2C+Q&rft.au=Dinner%2C+AR&rft.au=Feig%2C+M&rft.au=Fischer%2C+S&rft.au=Gao%2C+J&rft.au=Hodoscek%2C+M&rft.au=Im%2C+W&rft.au=Kuczera%2C+K&rft.au=Lazaridis%2C+T&rft.au=Ma%2C+J&rft.au=Ovchinnikov%2C+V&rft.au=Paci%2C+E&rft.au=Pastor%2C+RW&rft.au=Post%2C+CB&rft.au=Pu%2C+JZ&rft.au=Schaefer%2C+M&rft.au=Tidor%2C+B&rft.au=Venable%2C+RM&rft.au=Woodcock%2C+HL&rft.au=Wu%2C+X&rft.au=Yang%2C+W&rft.au=York%2C+DM&rft.au=Karplus%2C+M&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2810661&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bio-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-1">나</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-2">다</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-3">라</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-4">마</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-5">바</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-6">사</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2013/press.html">“The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2013”</a> (보도 자료). Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. 2013년 10월 9일<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2013년 10월 9일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+2013&rft.pub=Royal+Swedish+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.date=2013-10-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fchemistry%2Flaureates%2F2013%2Fpress.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-20131009-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-20131009_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Chang, Kenneth (2013년 10월 9일). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/10/science/three-researchers-win-nobel-prize-in-chemistry.html">“3 Researchers Win Nobel Prize in Chemistry”</a>. 《<a href="/wiki/%EB%89%B4%EC%9A%95_%ED%83%80%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4" title="뉴욕 타임스">New York Times</a>》<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2013년 10월 9일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=3+Researchers+Win+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry&rft.date=2013-10-09&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F10%2F10%2Fscience%2Fthree-researchers-win-nobel-prize-in-chemistry.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%95%A8%EB%9F%B0_%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="앨런 페르스트 (없는 문서)">Fersht, A. R.</a> (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3856823">“Profile of Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt, and Arieh Warshel, 2013 nobel laureates in chemistry”</a>. 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》 <b>110</b> (49): 19656–7. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.1320569110">10.1073/pnas.1320569110</a>. <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%8D%EB%A9%94%EB%93%9C_%EC%84%BC%ED%8A%B8%EB%9F%B4" title="펍메드 센트럴">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3856823">3856823</a>. <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%8D%EB%A9%94%EB%93%9C" title="펍메드">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24277833">24277833</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Profile+of+Martin+Karplus%2C+Michael+Levitt%2C+and+Arieh+Warshel%2C+2013+nobel+laureates+in+chemistry&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=49&rft.pages=19656-7&rft.date=2013&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3856823&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24277833&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.1320569110&rft.aulast=Fersht&rft.aufirst=A.+R.&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3856823&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Hodak, Hélène (2014). “The Nobel Prize in chemistry 2013 for the development of multiscale models of complex chemical systems: A tribute to Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt and Arieh Warshel”. 《Journal of Molecular Biology》 <b>426</b> (1): 1–3. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2013.10.037">10.1016/j.jmb.2013.10.037</a>. <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%8D%EB%A9%94%EB%93%9C" title="펍메드">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24184197">24184197</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+chemistry+2013+for+the+development+of+multiscale+models+of+complex+chemical+systems%3A+A+tribute+to+Martin+Karplus%2C+Michael+Levitt+and+Arieh+Warshel&rft.volume=426&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-3&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jmb.2013.10.037&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24184197&rft.aulast=Hodak&rft.aufirst=H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Van Noorden, R. (2013). “Computer modellers secure chemistry Nobels”. 《Nature》. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature.2013.13903">10.1038/nature.2013.13903</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Computer+modellers+secure+chemistry+Nobels&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature.2013.13903&rft.aulast=Van+Noorden&rft.aufirst=R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Van Noorden, Richard (2013). “Modellers react to chemistry award: Nobel Prize proves that theorists can measure up to experimenters”. 《<a href="/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%B2%98" title="네이처">Nature</a>》 <b>502</b> (7471): 280. <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%A7%80%ED%84%B8_%EA%B0%9D%EC%B2%B4_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90" title="디지털 객체 식별자">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F502280a">10.1038/502280a</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Modellers+react+to+chemistry+award%3A+Nobel+Prize+proves+that+theorists+can+measure+up+to+experimenters&rft.volume=502&rft.issue=7471&rft.pages=280&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F502280a&rft.aulast=Van+Noorden&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4+%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="외부_링크"><span id=".EC.99.B8.EB.B6.80_.EB.A7.81.ED.81.AC"></span>외부 링크</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 외부 링크"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480479">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480595">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 화학상">노벨 화학상</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" title="노벨 화학상 수상자 목록">수상자</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C%ED%95%99%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:노벨 경제학상 수상자">경제학상</a> | <a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%99%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:노벨 문학상 수상자">문학상</a> | <a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:노벨 물리학상 수상자">물리학상</a> | <a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EC%83%9D%EB%A6%AC_%EC%9D%98%ED%95%99%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:노벨 생리 의학상 수상자">생리학·의학상</a> | <a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%8F%89%ED%99%94%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:노벨 평화상 수상자">평화상</a> | <a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:노벨 화학상 수상자">화학상</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901-1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1901: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%BC%EC%BD%94%EB%B7%94%EC%8A%A4_%ED%97%A8%EB%A6%AC%ED%80%B4%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8C%90%ED%8A%B8_%ED%98%B8%ED%94%84" class="mw-redirect" title="야코뷔스 헨리퀴스 판트 호프">판트 호프</a></li> <li>1902: <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%8C_%EC%97%90%EB%B0%80_%ED%94%BC%EC%85%94" title="헤르만 에밀 피셔">H. E. 피셔</a></li> <li>1903: <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EB%B0%98%ED%85%8C_%EC%95%84%EB%A0%88%EB%8B%88%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="스반테 아레니우스">아레니우스</a></li> <li>1904: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EB%9E%A8%EC%A7%80" title="윌리엄 램지">램지</a></li> <li>1905: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84_%ED%8F%B0_%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B4" title="아돌프 폰 바이어">폰 바이어</a></li> <li>1906: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%99%EB%A6%AC_%EB%AC%B4%EC%95%84%EC%83%81" title="앙리 무아상">무아상</a></li> <li>1907: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%91%90%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B6%80%ED%9D%90%EB%84%88" title="에두아르트 부흐너">부흐너</a></li> <li>1908: <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%8B%88%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%9F%AC%EB%8D%94%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C" title="어니스트 러더퍼드">러더퍼드</a></li> <li>1909: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%8C%ED%97%AC%EB%A6%84_%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%B0%9C%ED%8A%B8" title="빌헬름 오스트발트">오스트발트</a></li> <li>1910: <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%ED%86%A0_%EB%B0%9C%EB%9D%BC%ED%9D%90" title="오토 발라흐">발라흐</a></li> <li>1911: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC_%ED%80%B4%EB%A6%AC" title="마리 퀴리">퀴리</a></li> <li>1912: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%85%ED%86%A0%EB%A5%B4_%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EB%83%90%EB%A5%B4" title="빅토르 그리냐르">그리냐르</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_%EC%82%AC%EB%B0%94%ED%8B%B0%EC%97%90" title="폴 사바티에">사바티에</a></li> <li>1913: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%EB%84%88" title="알프레트 베르너">베르너</a></li> <li>1914: <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EC%96%B4%EB%8F%84%EC%96%B4_%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EC%A6%88" title="시어도어 리처즈">리처즈</a></li> <li>1915: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B9%8C%EC%8A%88%ED%85%8C%ED%84%B0" title="리하르트 빌슈테터">빌슈테터</a></li> <li>1918: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B8%A0_%ED%95%98%EB%B2%84" title="프리츠 하버">하버</a></li> <li>1920: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%9C%ED%84%B0_%EB%84%A4%EB%A5%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8" title="발터 네른스트">네른스트</a></li> <li>1921: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EB%8D%94%EB%A6%AD_%EC%86%8C%EB%94%94" title="프레더릭 소디">소디</a></li> <li>1922: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%9C%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EC%95%A0%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B4" title="프랜시스 윌리엄 애스턴">애스턴</a></li> <li>1923: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B8%A0_%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EA%B8%80" title="프리츠 프레글">프레글</a></li> <li>1925: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%95%84%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84_%EC%A7%80%EA%B7%B8%EB%AA%AC%EB%94%94" title="리하르트 아돌프 지그몬디">지그몬디</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926-1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1926: <a href="/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EC%98%A4%EB%8F%84%EB%A5%B4_%EC%8A%A4%EB%B2%A0%EB%93%9C%EB%B2%A0%EB%A6%AC" title="테오도르 스베드베리">스베드베리</a></li> <li>1927: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88_%EC%98%A4%ED%86%A0_%EB%B9%8C%EB%9E%80%ED%8A%B8" title="하인리히 오토 빌란트">빌란트</a></li> <li>1928: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84_%EC%98%A4%ED%86%A0_%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B8%ED%99%80%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B9%88%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="아돌프 오토 라인홀트 빈다우스">빈다우스</a></li> <li>1929: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%84%9C_%ED%95%98%EB%93%A0" title="아서 하든">하든</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8F%B0_%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%AC%EC%BC%88%ED%95%80" title="한스 폰 오일러켈핀">폰 오일러켈핀</a></li> <li>1930: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EC%8A%A4_%ED%94%BC%EC%85%94" title="한스 피셔">H. 피셔</a></li> <li>1931: <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%EB%B3%B4%EC%8A%88" title="카를 보슈">보슈</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88_%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="프리드리히 베르기우스">베르기우스</a></li> <li>1932: <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%B9%99_%EB%9E%AD%EB%AE%A4%EC%96%B4" title="어빙 랭뮤어">랭뮤어</a></li> <li>1934: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EB%9F%B4%EB%93%9C_%EC%9C%A0%EB%A6%AC" title="해럴드 유리">유리</a></li> <li>1935: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EB%8D%B0%EB%A6%AC%ED%81%AC_%EC%A1%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4%ED%80%B4%EB%A6%AC" title="프레데리크 졸리오퀴리">F. 졸리오퀴리</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%A0%8C_%EC%A1%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4%ED%80%B4%EB%A6%AC" title="이렌 졸리오퀴리">I. 졸리오퀴리</a></li> <li>1936: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%ED%84%B0_%EB%94%94%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4" title="피터 디바이">디바이</a></li> <li>1937: <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%A8%BC_%ED%95%98%EC%9B%8C%EC%8A%A4" title="노먼 하워스">하워스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8_%EC%B9%B4%EB%9F%AC" title="파울 카러">카러</a></li> <li>1938: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%BF%A4" title="리하르트 쿤">쿤</a></li> <li>1939: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84_%EB%B6%80%ED%85%8C%EB%82%9C%ED%8A%B8" title="아돌프 부테난트">부테난트</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%98%A4%ED%8F%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%A3%A8%EC%A7%80%EC%B9%98%EC%B9%B4" title="레오폴트 루지치카">루지치카</a></li> <li>1943: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%ED%8F%B0_%ED%97%A4%EB%B2%A0%EC%8B%9C" title="게오르크 카를 폰 헤베시">헤베시</a></li> <li>1944: <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%ED%86%A0_%ED%95%9C" title="오토 한">한</a></li> <li>1945: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%ED%88%AC%EB%A6%AC_%EC%9D%BC%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC_%EB%B9%84%EB%A5%B4%ED%83%80%EB%84%A8" title="아르투리 일마리 비르타넨">비르타넨</a></li> <li>1946: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_B._%EC%84%AC%EB%84%88" title="제임스 B. 섬너">섬너</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%ED%95%98%EC%9B%8C%EB%93%9C_%EB%85%B8%EC%8A%A4%EB%9F%BD" title="존 하워드 노스럽">노스럽</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%AC%EB%93%A4_%EB%A9%94%EB%9F%AC%EB%94%94%EC%8A%A4_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%A0%EB%A6%AC" title="웬들 메러디스 스탠리">스탠리</a></li> <li>1947: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EB%A1%9C%EB%B9%88%EC%8A%A8" title="로버트 로빈슨">로빈슨</a></li> <li>1948: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%EB%84%A4_%ED%8B%B0%EC%85%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="아르네 티셀리우스">티셀리우스</a></li> <li>1949: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EC%A7%80%EC%98%A4%ED%81%AC" title="윌리엄 지오크">지오크</a></li> <li>1950: <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%ED%86%A0_%EB%94%9C%EC%8A%A4" title="오토 딜스">딜스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%BF%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%95%8C%EB%8D%94" title="쿠르트 알더">알더</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951-1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1951: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%93%9C%EC%9C%88_%EB%A7%A5%EB%B0%80%EB%9F%B0" title="에드윈 맥밀런">맥밀런</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%80%EB%A0%8C_T._%EC%8B%9C%EB%B3%B4%EA%B7%B8" title="글렌 T. 시보그">시보그</a></li> <li>1952: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%B2%98_%EB%A7%88%ED%8B%B4" title="아처 마틴">마틴</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C_%EC%8B%B1" title="리처드 싱">싱</a></li> <li>1953: <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%8C_%EC%8A%88%ED%83%80%EC%9A%B0%EB%94%A9%EA%B1%B0" title="헤르만 슈타우딩거">슈타우딩거</a></li> <li>1954: <a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%84%88%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8F%B4%EB%A7%81" title="라이너스 폴링">폴링</a></li> <li>1955: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%88%EC%84%BC%ED%8A%B8_%EB%92%A4%EB%B9%84%EB%87%A8" title="빈센트 뒤비뇨">뒤비뇨</a></li> <li>1956: <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%A6%B4_%EB%85%B8%EB%A8%BC_%ED%9E%8C%EC%85%9C%EC%9A%B0%EB%93%9C" title="시릴 노먼 힌셜우드">힌셜우드</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%BD%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4_%EC%84%B8%EB%AC%98%EB%85%B8%ED%94%84" title="니콜라이 세묘노프">세묘노프</a></li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%82%B0%EB%8D%94_R._%ED%86%A0%EB%93%9C" title="알렉산더 R. 토드">토드</a></li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EB%8D%94%EB%A6%AD_%EC%83%9D%EC%96%B4" title="프레더릭 생어">생어</a></li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%BC%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%AC%EB%9D%BC%ED%94%84_%ED%97%A4%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%82%A4" title="야로슬라프 헤이로프스키">헤이로프스키</a></li> <li>1960: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%9F%AC%EB%93%9C_%EB%A6%AC%EB%B9%84" title="윌러드 리비">리비</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%9C%EB%B9%88_%EC%BA%98%EB%B9%88" title="멜빈 캘빈">캘빈</a></li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%A5%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8D%BC%EB%A3%A8%EC%B8%A0" title="맥스 퍼루츠">퍼루츠</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EC%BC%84%EB%93%9C%EB%A3%A8" title="존 켄드루">켄드루</a></li> <li>1963: <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%EC%B9%98%EA%B8%80%EB%9F%AC" title="카를 치글러">치글러</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4_%EB%82%98%ED%83%80" title="줄리오 나타">나타</a></li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C_%ED%98%B8%EC%A7%80%ED%82%A8" title="도러시 호지킨">호지킨</a></li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B2%88%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9A%B0%EB%93%9C%EC%9B%8C%EB%93%9C" title="로버트 번스 우드워드">우드워드</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EB%A9%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%BB%A8" title="로버트 멀리컨">멀리컨</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%8C%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%ED%8A%B8_%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EA%B2%90" title="만프레트 아이겐">아이겐</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%84%90%EB%93%9C_%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80_%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C_%EB%85%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8B%9C" title="로널드 조지 레이퍼드 노리시">노리시</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80_%ED%8F%AC%ED%84%B0" title="조지 포터">포터</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EB%A5%B4%EC%8A%A4_%EC%98%A8%EC%82%AC%EA%B2%8C%EB%A5%B4" title="라르스 온사게르">온사게르</a></li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EB%A6%AD_%EB%B0%94%ED%84%B4" title="디릭 바턴">바턴</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%93%9C_%ED%95%98%EC%85%80" title="오드 하셀">하셀</a></li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8E%98%EB%8D%B0%EB%A6%AC%EC%BD%94_%EB%A5%BC%EB%A3%A8%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4" title="루이스 페데리코 를루아르">를루아르</a></li> <li>1971: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EB%A5%B4%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%ED%97%A4%EB%A5%B4%EC%B8%A0%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="게르하르트 헤르츠베르크">헤르츠베르크</a></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%EC%B2%9C_B._%EC%95%A4%ED%95%80%EC%84%A0" title="크리스천 B. 앤핀선">앤핀선</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%A0%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C_%EB%AC%B4%EC%96%B4" title="스탠퍼드 무어">무어</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%ED%95%98%EC%9B%8C%EB%93%9C_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B8" title="윌리엄 하워드 스타인">스타인</a></li> <li>1973: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%98%A4%ED%86%A0_%ED%94%BC%EC%85%94" title="에른스트 오토 피셔">E. O. 피셔</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC_%EC%9C%8C%ED%82%A8%EC%8A%A8" title="제프리 윌킨슨">윌킨슨</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_%ED%94%8C%EB%A1%9C%EB%A6%AC" title="폴 플로리">플로리</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EC%BD%98%ED%8F%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="존 콘포스">콘포스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%9D%BC%EB%94%94%EB%AF%B8%EB%A5%B4_%ED%94%84%EB%A0%90%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8" title="블라디미르 프렐로그">프렐로그</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976-2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1976: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EB%A6%BD%EC%8A%A4%EC%BB%B4" title="윌리엄 립스컴">립스컴</a></li> <li>1977: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%BC_%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EA%B3%A0%EC%A7%84" title="일리야 프리고진">프리고진</a></li> <li>1978: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%ED%84%B0_D._%EB%AF%B8%EC%B2%BC" title="피터 D. 미첼">미첼</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%88%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_C._%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B4" title="허버트 C. 브라운">브라운</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC_%EB%B9%84%ED%8B%B0%ED%9E%88" title="게오르크 비티히">비티히</a></li> <li>1980: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_%EB%B2%84%EA%B7%B8" title="폴 버그">버그</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%94%ED%84%B0_%EA%B8%B8%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8" title="월터 길버트">길버트</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EB%8D%94%EB%A6%AD_%EC%83%9D%EC%96%B4" title="프레더릭 생어">생어</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/%ED%9B%84%EC%BF%A0%EC%9D%B4_%EA%B2%90%EC%9D%B4%EC%B9%98" title="후쿠이 겐이치">후쿠이</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%95%8C%EB%93%9C_%ED%98%B8%ED%94%84%EB%A7%8C" title="로알드 호프만">호프만</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%9F%B0_%ED%81%B4%EB%A3%A8%EA%B7%B8" title="에런 클루그">클루그</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A8%EB%A6%AC_%ED%86%A0%EB%B8%8C" title="헨리 토브">토브</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B8%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A9%94%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%84%EB%93%9C" title="로버트 브루스 메리필드">메리필드</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%88%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_A._%ED%95%98%EC%9A%B0%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EB%A8%BC" title="허버트 A. 하우프트먼">하우프트먼</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EB%A1%AC_%EC%B9%BC" title="제롬 칼">칼</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%94%EB%93%A4%EB%A6%AC_%ED%97%88%EC%8A%88%EB%B0%94%ED%81%AC" title="더들리 허슈바크">허슈바크</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%9C%84%EC%95%88%EC%A0%80" title="리위안저">리위안저</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%ED%8F%B4%EB%9D%BC%EB%8B%88" title="존 폴라니">폴라니</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EB%84%90%EB%93%9C_J._%ED%81%AC%EB%9E%A8" title="도널드 J. 크램">크램</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC_%EB%A0%8C" title="장마리 렌">렌</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%B0%EC%8A%A4_J._%ED%94%BC%EB%8D%94%EC%8A%A8" title="찰스 J. 피더슨">피더슨</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%ED%95%9C_%EB%8B%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%A0%ED%98%B8%ED%8D%BC" title="요한 다이젠호퍼">다이젠호퍼</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%ED%9B%84%EB%B2%84" title="로베르트 후버">후버</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8%EB%AC%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%AF%B8%ED%97%AC" title="하르트무트 미헬">미헬</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%93%9C%EB%8B%88_%EC%98%AC%ED%8A%B8%EB%A8%BC" title="시드니 올트먼">올트먼</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A8%B8%EC%8A%A4_%EC%B2%B4%ED%81%AC" title="토머스 체크">체크</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B4%EC%8A%A4_%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%EC%BD%94%EB%A6%AC" title="일라이어스 제임스 코리">코리</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_R._%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8" title="리하르트 R. 에른스트">에른스트</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84_%EB%A7%88%EC%BB%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="루돌프 마커스">마커스</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/%EC%BA%90%EB%A6%AC_%EB%A9%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="캐리 멀리스">멀리스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%B4_%EC%8A%A4%EB%AF%B8%EC%8A%A4_(%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90)" title="마이클 스미스 (화학자)">스미스</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80_%EC%95%A4%EB%93%9C%EB%A3%A8_%EC%98%AC%EB%9D%BC" title="조지 앤드루 올라">올라</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8_%ED%81%AC%EB%A4%BC%EC%B2%9C" title="파울 크뤼천">크뤼천</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4_J._%EB%AA%B0%EB%A6%AC%EB%82%98" title="마리오 J. 몰리나">몰리나</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%AD%ED%81%AC_%EC%85%94%EC%9A%B0%EB%93%9C_%EB%A1%A4%EB%9F%B0%EB%93%9C" title="프랭크 셔우드 롤런드">롤런드</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EC%BB%AC" title="로버트 컬">컬</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EB%9F%B4%EB%93%9C_%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A0" title="해럴드 크로토">크로토</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C_%EC%8A%A4%EB%AA%B0%EB%A6%AC" title="리처드 스몰리">스몰리</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_D._%EB%B3%B4%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B4" title="폴 D. 보이어">보이어</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_E._%EC%9B%8C%EC%BB%A4" title="존 E. 워커">워커</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%8C%EC%8A%A4_%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%88_%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%94%EC%9A%B0" title="옌스 크리스티안 스코우">스코우</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%94%ED%84%B0_%EC%BD%98" title="월터 콘">콘</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%ED%8F%AC%ED%94%8C" title="존 포플">포플</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A9%94%EB%93%9C_%EC%A6%88%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%BC" title="아메드 즈웨일">즈웨일</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A8%EB%9F%B0_J._%ED%9E%88%EA%B1%B0" title="앨런 J. 히거">히거</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A8%EB%9F%B0_%EB%A7%A5%EB%8D%94%EB%AF%B8%EB%93%9C" title="앨런 맥더미드">맥더미드</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%B9%B4%EC%99%80_%ED%9E%88%EB%8D%B0%ED%82%A4" title="시라카와 히데키">시라카와</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001-현재</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2001: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%A0%EB%94%94%EC%8B%9C_%EB%86%80%EC%8A%A4" title="윌리엄 스탠디시 놀스">놀스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EC%9A%94%EB%A6%AC_%EB%A3%8C%EC%A7%80" title="노요리 료지">노요리</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%BC_%EB%B0%B0%EB%A6%AC_%EC%83%A4%ED%94%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="칼 배리 샤플리스">샤플리스</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%ED%8E%9C" title="존 펜">펜</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EB%82%98%EC%B9%B4_%EA%B3%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%B9%98" title="다나카 고이치">다나카</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%BF%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%B7%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88" title="쿠르트 뷔트리히">뷔트리히</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%ED%84%B0_%EC%95%84%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC" title="피터 아그리">아그리</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%8D%94%EB%A6%AD_%EB%A7%A4%ED%82%A4%EB%84%8C" title="로더릭 매키넌">매키넌</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A1%A0_%EC%B9%98%EC%97%90%ED%95%98%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4" title="아론 치에하노베르">치에하노베르</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%B8%8C%EB%9E%8C_%ED%97%A4%EB%A5%B4%EC%8A%88%EC%BD%94" title="아브람 헤르슈코">헤르슈코</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EC%9C%88_%EB%A1%9C%EC%A6%88" title="어윈 로즈">로즈</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%8C_%EC%87%BC%EB%B1%85" title="이브 쇼뱅">쇼뱅</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EA%B7%B8%EB%9F%BD%EC%8A%A4" title="로버트 그럽스">그럽스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C_%EC%8A%88%EB%A1%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="리처드 슈록">슈록</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%A0%80_%EC%BD%98%EB%B2%84%EA%B7%B8" title="로저 콘버그">콘버그</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EB%A5%B4%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%80" title="게르하르트 에르틀">에르틀</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%ED%8B%B4_%EC%B1%8C%ED%94%BC" title="마틴 챌피">챌피</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%A0%80_%EC%B2%B8" title="로저 첸">첸</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%AA%A8%EB%AC%B4%EB%9D%BC_%EC%98%A4%EC%82%AC%EB%AC%B4" title="시모무라 오사무">시모무라</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A4%EC%B9%B4%ED%8A%B8%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%8C_%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%88%EB%82%9C" title="벤카트라만 라마크리슈난">라마크리슈난</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A8%B8%EC%8A%A4_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B4%EC%B8%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="토머스 스타이츠">스타이츠</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%8B%A4_%EC%9A%94%EB%82%98%ED%8A%B8" title="아다 요나트">요나트</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C_F._%ED%97%A5" title="리처드 F. 헥">헥</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%A6%88%ED%82%A4_%EC%95%84%ED%82%A4%EB%9D%BC_(%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90)" title="스즈키 아키라 (화학자)">스즈키</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EA%B8%B0%EC%8B%9C_%EC%97%90%EC%9D%B4%EC%9D%B4%EC%B9%98" title="네기시 에이이치">네기시</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A8_%EC%85%B0%ED%9D%90%ED%8A%B8%EB%A7%8C" title="단 셰흐트만">셰흐트만</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_%EB%A0%88%ED%94%84%EC%BD%94%EC%9C%84%EC%B8%A0" title="로버트 레프코위츠">레프코위츠</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8_%EC%BD%94%EB%B9%8C%EC%B9%B4" title="브라이언 코빌카">코빌카</a></li> <li>2013: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">카르플루스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%B4_%EB%A0%88%EB%B9%97" title="마이클 레빗">레빗</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%90_%EC%99%80%EB%A5%B4%EC%85%B8" title="아리에 와르셸">와르셸</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A6%AD_%EB%B2%A0%EC%B9%98%EA%B7%B8" title="에릭 베치그">베치그</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%88%ED%85%8C%ED%8C%90_%ED%97%AC" title="슈테판 헬">헬</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EB%A8%B8%EB%84%88" title="윌리엄 머너">머너</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A6%B0%EB%8B%AC" title="토마스 린달">린달</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%B4_L._%EB%AA%A8%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%98" title="폴 L. 모드리치">모드리치</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%A7%80%EC%A6%88_%EC%82%B0%EC%9E%90%EB%A5%B4" title="아지즈 산자르">산자르</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%ED%94%BC%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4_%EC%86%8C%EB%B0%94%EC%A3%BC" title="장피에르 소바주">소바주</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%80_%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%EB%8D%94%ED%8A%B8" title="프레이저 스토더트">스토더트</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%EB%82%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%ED%8E%98%EB%A7%81%ED%95%98" title="베르나르트 페링하">페링하</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%ED%81%AC_%EB%92%A4%EB%B3%B4%EC%85%B0" title="자크 뒤보셰">뒤보셰</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EC%95%84%ED%9E%98_%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%ED%81%AC" title="요아힘 프랑크">프랑크</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%B2%98%EB%93%9C_%ED%97%A8%EB%8D%94%EC%8A%A8" title="리처드 헨더슨">헨더슨</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%9C%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EC%95%84%EB%84%90%EB%93%9C" title="프랜시스 아널드">아널드</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A0%88%EA%B3%A0%EB%A6%AC_%EC%9C%88%ED%84%B0" title="그레고리 윈터">윈터</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80_P._%EC%8A%A4%EB%AF%B8%EC%8A%A4" title="조지 P. 스미스">스미스</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_B._%EA%B5%AC%EB%94%94%EB%84%88%ED%94%84" title="존 B. 구디너프">구디너프</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%A0%EB%A6%AC_%ED%9C%98%ED%8C%85%EC%97%84" title="스탠리 휘팅엄">휘팅엄</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EC%8B%9C%EB%85%B8_%EC%95%84%ED%82%A4%EB%9D%BC" title="요시노 아키라">요시노</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A7%88%EB%89%98%EC%97%98_%EC%83%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%8C%A1%ED%8B%B0%EC%97%90" title="에마뉘엘 샤르팡티에">샤르팡티에</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EB%8B%88%ED%8D%BC_%EB%8B%A4%EC%9A%B0%EB%93%9C%EB%82%98" title="제니퍼 다우드나">다우드나</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%83%90%EB%AF%BC_%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8" title="베냐민 리스트">리스트</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%A7%A5%EB%B0%80%EB%9F%B0" title="데이비드 맥밀런">맥밀런</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/%EC%BA%90%EB%9F%B4%EB%A6%B0_R._%EB%B2%84%ED%86%A0%EC%A7%80" title="캐럴린 R. 버토지">버토지</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%A5%B4%ED%85%90_P._%EB%A9%9C%EB%8B%AC" title="모르텐 P. 멜달">멜달</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%BC_%EB%B0%B0%EB%A6%AC_%EC%83%A4%ED%94%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="칼 배리 샤플리스">샤플리스</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%B8%EC%A7%80_%EB%B0%94%EC%9B%AC%EB%94%94" title="문지 바웬디">바웬디</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4_E._%EB%B8%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4" title="루이스 E. 브루스">브루스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%84%B8%EC%9D%B4_%EC%98%88%ED%82%A4%EB%AA%A8%ED%94%84" title="알렉세이 예키모프">예키모프</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%EB%B2%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%BB%A4_(%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90)" title="데이비드 베이커 (화학자)">베이커</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EB%AF%B8%EC%8A%A4_%ED%97%88%EC%82%AC%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4" title="데미스 허사비스">허사비스</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_M._%EC%A0%90%ED%8D%BC" title="존 M. 점퍼">점퍼</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="분류:노벨 화학상 수상자">노벨 화학상 수상자</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/16px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/32px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nobel_Prize" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Nobel Prize">노벨 화학상</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_2013년_노벨상_수상자_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:2013%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:2013년 노벨상 수상자"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:2013%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:2013년 노벨상 수상자 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:2013%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="특수:문서편집/틀:2013년 노벨상 수상자"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_2013년_노벨상_수상자_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:2012%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:2012년 노벨상 수상자">← </a> <span class="summary">2013년 <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81" title="노벨상">노벨상</a> 수상자</span> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:2014%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:2014년 노벨상 수상자"> →</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 물리학상">물리학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%88%98%EC%95%84_%EC%95%99%EA%B8%80%EB%A0%88%EB%A5%B4" title="프랑수아 앙글레르">프랑수아 앙글레르</a> (벨기에)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%ED%84%B0_%ED%9E%89%EC%8A%A4" title="피터 힉스">피터 힉스</a> (영국)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Nobel_Prize.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 화학상"> 화학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">마르틴 카르플루스</a> (미국/오스트리아)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%B4_%EB%A0%88%EB%B9%97" title="마이클 레빗">마이클 레빗</a> (미국/영국/이스라엘)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%90_%EC%99%80%EB%A5%B4%EC%85%B8" title="아리에 와르셸">아리에 와르셸</a> (미국/이스라엘)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EC%83%9D%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%C2%B7%EC%9D%98%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 생리학·의학상">생리학·의학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4%EB%A8%BC" title="제임스 로스먼">제임스 로스먼</a> (미국)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9E%9C%EB%94%94_%EC%85%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%A8%BC" title="랜디 셰크먼">랜디 셰크먼</a> (미국)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4_%EC%A5%90%ED%8A%B8%ED%98%B8%ED%94%84" title="토마스 쥐트호프">토마스 쥐트호프</a> (미국)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 문학상">문학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A8%BC%EB%A1%9C" title="앨리스 먼로">앨리스 먼로</a> (캐나다)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%8F%89%ED%99%94%EC%83%81" title="노벨 평화상">평화상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%99%94%ED%95%99_%EB%AC%B4%EA%B8%B0_%EA%B8%88%EC%A7%80_%EA%B8%B0%EA%B5%AC" title="화학 무기 금지 기구">화학 무기 금지 기구</a>(OPCW)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 경제학상">경제학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%A7%84_%ED%8C%8C%EB%A7%88" title="유진 파마">유진 파마</a> (미국)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4_%ED%94%BC%ED%84%B0_%ED%95%B8%EC%8A%A8" title="라스 피터 핸슨">라스 피터 핸슨</a> (미국)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8_J._%EC%8B%A4%EB%9F%AC" title="로버트 J. 실러">로버트 J. 실러</a> (미국)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="전거_통제_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903471#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="전거_통제_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903471#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="위키백과:전거 통제">전거 통제</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903471#identifiers" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국제</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1958456/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&NU=1&IM=4&WI=9810615161105606">폴란드</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">학술</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dblp.org/pid/63/958">DBLP</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/MRAuthorID/98655">MathSciNet</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=144879">수학 계보 프로젝트</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=15132101700">Scopus</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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