Ethnologue report for language code: hbo

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Pejorative names enclosed in quotes and labeled pej."><em>Alternate names</em></a><i>  </i></td> <td>Old Hebrew</td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td><i><a href="ethno_docs/introduction.asp#affiliation" title="Linguistic classification information from largest, more inclusive, grouping to smallest">Classification</a></i> </td> <td><a href="show_lang_family.asp?code=hbo">Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Canaanite</a></td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td><i><a href="ethno_docs/introduction.asp#lguse" title="Use and viability of the language and the use of other languages by the community">Language use</a></i> </td> <td>Liturgical language; the text of Jewish Bible.</td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td><i><a href="ethno_docs/introduction.asp#lgdev" title="Literacy rates, written materials, and use in education">Language development</a></i> </td> <td>OT: c. 2000–400 B.C.</td> </tr> <tr valign="TOP"> <td><i><a href="ethno_docs/introduction.asp#other">Comments</a></i> </td> <td>Jewish.</td> </tr> </table> <h3><a name="AP"></a>Entries from the SIL Bibliography about this language:</h3> <h4>Academic Publications</h4> <blockquote> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457306">ABELA, Anthony, author. 2003. "Suggestions for a discourse analysis of Amos 5:1-6:14."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459413">ANDERSEN, T. David, author. 2006. <i>Topicality and functional voice in Hebrew and Moronene, with application to translation.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459388">BAILEY, Nicholas A., author. 1983. <i>A tense-aspect-discourse study of the Hebrew perfect verb in Genesis narrative.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847451411">BAILEY, Nicholas A., author. 2004. "A second look at double preverbal constituents."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847458962">BARNWELL, Katharine, author. 2007. <i>Translator's notes on Malachi: helps on understanding and translating the book written by Malachi.</i></a>  <a href="show_product.asp?isbn=9781556711725 " onmouseover="MM_swapImage('avail','','images/available-over.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img name="avail" src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/available.gif" alt="Available for purchase" width="53" height="16" border="0"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847458976">BARNWELL, Katharine; KUHN, Hanna, authors. 2007. <i>Translator's notes on Genesis volume one: 1-11:26 : helps on understanding and translating the book of Genesis.</i></a>  <a href="show_product.asp?isbn=9781556711732 " onmouseover="MM_swapImage('avail','','images/available-over.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img name="avail" src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/available.gif" alt="Available for purchase" width="53" height="16" border="0"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847456927">BLIESE, Loren F., author. 1988. "Metrical sequences and climax in the poetry of Joel."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457734">BLIESE, Loren F., author. 2003. "Lexical and numerical patterns in the structure of Micah."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457569">BODINE, Walter R., author. 1999. <i>Celebration of a discipline: On the study of Hebrew and Greek.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847454555">BUTH, Randall J., author. 1983. <i>Review of: a history of the Hebrew language, by Eduard Yechezkel Kutscher.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457644">BUTH, Randall J., author. 1992. "The Hebrew verb in current discussions."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457692">CLARK, David J.; WENDLAND, Ernst R., authors. 2003. "Zephaniah: anatomy and physiology of a dramatic prophetic text."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=9284745902">CONDRA, C. Edwin, author. 2002. <i>Salvation for the righteous revealed: Jesus amid covenantal and messianic expectations in second temple Judaism.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540241">DAAMS, Nicolaas, author. 2005. "Translating YHWH."</a>  <a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540241#view" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('view','','images/view2.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/view.gif" alt="Available online" name="view" width="53" height="16" border="0" align="middle"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847456614">DALEY, Stephen C., author. 2002. "Textual influence of the Qumran scrolls on English Bible versions."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459332">DALEY, Stephen C., author. 2007. <i>The textual basis of English translations of the Hebrew Bible.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457131">ESKHULT, Mats, author. 2004. Review of: Verbal meaning: a linguistic, literary, and theological framework for the interpretive categories of the Hebrew verb as elaborated in the book of Ruth, by Bo-Krister Ljungberg.</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847456746">FINLEY, Thomas J.; SILZER, Peter J., authors. 2004. <i>How Biblical languages work: a student’s guide to learning Hebrew and Greek.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459441">FLOOR, Sebastiaan, author. 2004. <i>From information structure, topic and focus, to theme in Biblical Hebrew narrative.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847452144">FOLLINGSTAD, Carl M., author. 2001. <i>Deictic viewpoint in Biblical Hebrew text: a syntagmatic and paradigmatic analysis of the particle kî.</i></a>  <a href="show_product.asp?isbn=9781556711138 " onmouseover="MM_swapImage('avail','','images/available-over.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img name="avail" src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/available.gif" alt="Available for purchase" width="53" height="16" border="0"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457331">FOUTS, David M., author. 2000. "Who really killed Goliath? 2 Samuel 21:19 versus 1 Chronicles 20:5."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459548">GRAY, David, author. 2006. <i>A study of the influence of new literary critical approaches on translation of the Old Testament with special reference to the story of Isaac's family.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847453665">GRAY, David, author. 2007. "A new analysis of a key Hebrew term: the semantics of "galah" (`to go into exile’)."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459363">HARMELINK, Bryan L., author. 2004. <i>Exploring the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic uses of vayhi in Biblical Hebrew.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474543033">HARMELINK, Bryan L., author. 2011. <i>Exploring the Syntactic, Semantic, and Pragmatic uses of וַיְחִי in Biblical Hebrew.</i></a>  <a href="show_work.asp?id=928474543033#view" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('view','','images/view2.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/view.gif" alt="Available online" name="view" width="53" height="16" border="0" align="middle"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457487">HOSCH, Harold E., author. 2002. "’RUAH’ in the book of Ezekiel: a textlinguistic analysis."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847452366">HWANG, Shin Ja J.; LONGACRE, Robert E., authors. 1994. "A textlinguistic approach to the biblical Hebrew narrative of Jonah."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540250">JEMPHREY, Michael, author. 2007. "Translating the Levitical sacrifices."</a>  <a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540250#view" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('view','','images/view2.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/view.gif" alt="Available online" name="view" width="53" height="16" border="0" align="middle"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459904">JOHNSTON, Derek, author. 2003. <i>Literary techniques in the book of Ruth.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457432">KASTEN, Douglas L., author. 2000. "Narrator devices in Joshua’s ruse: translating Joshua 8:15."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459657">KING, Phil, author. 2010. <i>Surrounded by bitterness: image schemas and metaphors for conceptualising distress in classical Hebrew.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847452210">KUHN, Hanna, author. 1989. "Why are Job’s opponents still made to eat broom-root?."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847453312">LEE, S. Noah, author. 2002. "The use of the definite article in the development of some Biblical toponyms."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457138">LEE, S. Noah, author. 2003. "Cohesion in the books of the Hebrew Bible and its interpretation."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540204">LEVINSOHN, Stephen H., author. 1990. <i>Unmarked and marked instances of topicalization in Hebrew.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540035">LEVINSOHN, Stephen H., author. 2000. <i>NP references to active participants and story development in ancient Hebrew.</i></a>  <a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540035#view" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('view','','images/view2.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/view.gif" alt="Available online" name="view" width="53" height="16" border="0" align="middle"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457747">LEVINSOHN, Stephen H., author. 2002. Review of: Topic, focus and foreground in ancient Hebrew narratives, by Jean-Marc Heimerdinger.</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540251">LEVINSOHN, Stephen H., author. 2006. "Reasoning styles and types of hortatory discourse."</a>  <a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540251#view" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('view','','images/view2.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/view.gif" alt="Available online" name="view" width="53" height="16" border="0" align="middle"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540259">LEVINSOHN, Stephen H., author. 2006. "Towards a typology of story development marking (repeatedly naming the subject: The Hebrew equivalent of Greek Δέ)."</a>  <a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540259#view" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('view','','images/view2.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/view.gif" alt="Available online" name="view" width="53" height="16" border="0" align="middle"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457394">LODE, Lars, author. 2002. "The two creation stories in Genesis chapters 1-3."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474539103">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 1961. "From tagma to tagmeme in Biblical Hebrew."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847452093">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 1982. "Verb ranking and the constituent structure of discourse."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847452057">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 1986. "Who sold Joseph into Egypt?."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847452321">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 1992. "Discourse perspective on the Hebrew verb: affirmation and restatement."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457659">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 1992. "The analysis of preverbal nouns in biblical Hebrew narrative: some overriding concerns."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847453144">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 1994. "‘Weqatal’ forms in biblical Hebrew prose: a discourse-modular approach."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847453012">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 1995. "Building for the worship of God: Exodus 25:1 - 30:10."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457504">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 1995. "Genesis as soap opera: Some observations about storytelling in the Hebrew Bible."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847458445">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 2003. "A textlinguistic analysis of Psalm 19: general and special revelation."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457537">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 2003. "Discourse structure, verb forms, and archaism in Psalm 18."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540249">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 2006. "Discourse structure, verb forms, and archaism in Psalm 18."</a>  <a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540249#view" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('view','','images/view2.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/view.gif" alt="Available online" name="view" width="53" height="16" border="0" align="middle"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459258">LONGACRE, Robert E., author. 2010. "An ancient love poem: the Book of Canticles."</a>  <a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459258#view" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('view','','images/view2.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/view.gif" alt="Available online" name="view" width="53" height="16" border="0" align="middle"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459482">LUNN, Nick, author. 2004. <i>Word order variation in Biblical Hebrew poetry: the role of pragmatics and poetics in the verbal clause.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459544">MÜLLER, Christoph, author. 2005. <i>Les verbes d'Amos 7 et leur fonction dans l'analyse du discours de l'hébreu biblique.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474543213">MÜLLER, Christoph, author. 2011. <i>Les formes verbales de l'hébreu du livre d'Amos et leurs fonctions au sein du système temps-aspect-mode. Une étude analytique et systématique..</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847456920">NEWMAN, Barclay M., author. 2001. <i>Mother goose and poppa gander.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459842">OAKES, Perry J., author. 2010. <i>Functional differences between the imperative-imperative construction and the imperative-‘weqtal’ construction in the direct speech of early Biblical Hebrew prose.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459997">QUICK, Philip A., author. 1985. <i>Resumptive repetition—a cohesive discourse feature in biblical Hebrew (Genesis 1-15).</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457646">SCHAEFER, Nancy A., author. 2004. "Genre considerations for Micah 6:1-8."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457132">SOME, Joachim, author. 2003. "Isaiah 7:1-17 revisited: a literary reading."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457405">TALSTRA, Eep, author. 1992. "Text grammar and Biblical Hebrew: The viewpoint of Wolfgang Schneider."</a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459370">TAUBERSCHMIDT, Gerhard, author. 2001. <i>Secondary parallelism: a study of translation technique in LXX Proverbs.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847456844">TAUBERSCHMIDT, Gerhard, author. 2004. <i>Secondary parallelism: a study of translation technique in LXX Proverbs.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540255">TAUBERSCHMIDT, Gerhard, author. 2005. "Considerations for OT translation."</a>  <a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540255#view" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('view','','images/view2.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/view.gif" alt="Available online" name="view" width="53" height="16" border="0" align="middle"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847457064">WARDLAW, Terrance R., author. 2001. <i>Translating ’sin’: what does the Old Testament have to say?.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459547">WARDLAW, Terrance R., author. 2006. <i>Conceptualizing words for 'God' within the Pentateuch: a cognitive-semantic investigation in literary context.</i></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459648">WARREN, Andy, author. 1998. <i>Modality, reference and speech acts in the Psalms.</i></a>  <a href="show_work.asp?id=92847459648#view" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('view','','images/view2.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/view.gif" alt="Available online" name="view" width="53" height="16" border="0" align="middle"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540253">WARREN-ROTHLIN, Andy, author. 2007. "Politeness strategies in Biblical Hebrew and West African languages."</a>  <a href="show_work.asp?id=928474540253#view" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('view','','images/view2.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/view.gif" alt="Available online" name="view" width="53" height="16" border="0" align="middle"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847456645">WENDLAND, Ernst R., author. 2002. <i>Analyzing the Psalms: with exercises for Bible students and translators.</i></a>  <a href="show_product.asp?isbn=9781556711299 " onmouseover="MM_swapImage('avail','','images/available-over.gif',1)" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()"><img name="avail" src="/web/20120111011913im_/http://www.ethnologue.com/images/available.gif" alt="Available for purchase" width="53" height="16" border="0"></a> </p> <p><a href="show_work.asp?id=92847456990">ZOGBO, Lynell, author. 2003. "Rhetorical devices and structure "at the service" of the message: the final vision in the book of Amos."</a> </p> </blockquote> <div id="footer"> <hr> <div id="footercite"> <p>This web edition of the Ethnologue contains all the content of the <a href="/web/20120111011913/http://www.ethnologue.com/print.asp">print edition</a> and may be cited as:<br><strong>Lewis, M. Paul (ed.), 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. 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Ethnologue report for language code: hbo