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waterfall</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: waterfall"> <meta name="keywords" content="waterfall"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="waterfall"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 24</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: waterfall</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Water Quality Assessment of Owu Falls for Water Use Classification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Modupe%20O.%20Jimoh">Modupe O. Jimoh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Waterfalls create an ambient environment for tourism and relaxation. They are also potential sources for water supply. Owu waterfall located at Isin Local Government, Kwara state, Nigeria is the highest waterfall in the West African region, yet none of its potential usefulness has been fully exploited. Water samples were taken from two sections of the fall and were analyzed for various water quality parameters. The results obtained include pH (6.71 ± 0.1), Biochemical oxygen demand (4.2 ± 0.5 mg/l), Chemical oxygen demand (3.07 ± 0.01 mg/l), Dissolved oxygen (6.59 ± 0.6 mg/l), Turbidity (4.43 ± 0.11 NTU), Total dissolved solids (8.2 ± 0.09 mg/l), Total suspended solids (18.25 ± 0.5 mg/l), Chloride ion (0.48 ± 0.08 mg/l), Calcium ion (0.82 ± 0.02 mg/l)), Magnesium ion (0.63 ± 0.03 mg/l) and Nitrate ion (1.25 ± 0.01 mg/l). The results were compared to the World Health Organisations standard for drinking water and the Nigerian standard for drinking water. From the comparison, it can be deduced that due to the Biochemical oxygen demand value, the water is not suitable for drinking unless it undergoes treatment. However, it is suitable for other classes of water usage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Owu%20falls" title="Owu falls">Owu falls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waterfall" title=" waterfall"> waterfall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality%20parameters" title=" water quality parameters"> water quality parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20use" title=" water use"> water use</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97556/water-quality-assessment-of-owu-falls-for-water-use-classification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97556.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> [Keynote Talk]: The Challenges and Solutions for Developing Mobile Apps in a Small University</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Greg%20Turner">Greg Turner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bin%20Lu"> Bin Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheer-Sun%20Yang"> Cheer-Sun Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As computing technology advances, smartphone applications can assist in student learning in a pervasive way. For example, the idea of using a mobile apps for the PA Common Trees, Pests, Pathogens, in the field as a reference tool allows middle school students to learn about trees and associated pests/pathogens without bringing a textbook. In the past, some researches study the mobile software Mobile Application Software Development Life Cycle (MADLC) including traditional models such as the waterfall model, or more recent Agile Methods. Others study the issues related to the software development process. Very little research is on the development of three heterogenous mobile systems simultaneously in a small university where the availability of developers is an issue. In this paper, we propose to use a hybride model of Waterfall Model and the Agile Model, known as the Relay Race Methodology (RRM) in practice, to reflect the concept of racing and relaying for scheduling. Based on the development project, we observe that the modeling of the transition between any two phases is manifested naturally. Thus, we claim that the RRM model can provide a de fecto rather than a de jure basis for the core concept in the MADLC. In this paper, the background of the project is introduced first. Then, the challenges are pointed out followed by our solutions. Finally, the experiences learned and the future work are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20methods" title="agile methods">agile methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20apps" title=" mobile apps"> mobile apps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20process%20model" title=" software process model"> software process model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waterfall%20model" title=" waterfall model"> waterfall model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35787/keynote-talk-the-challenges-and-solutions-for-developing-mobile-apps-in-a-small-university" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35787.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Strategy in Practice: Strategy Development, Strategic Error and Project Delivery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nipun%20Agarwal">Nipun Agarwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Paul"> David Paul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fareed%20Un%20Din"> Fareed Un Din</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Strategy development and implementation is the key to an organization’s success in today’s competitive marketplace. Many organizations develop excellent strategy but are unable to implement this strategy in order to succeed. The difference between strategic goals and its implementation is called strategic error. Strategic error occurs when an organization does not have structures in place to implement their strategy. Strategy implementation happens through projects and having a project management method that provides certainty and agility will help an organization become more competitive in implementing strategy. Numerous project management methods exist in theory and practice. However, projects mainly used the Waterfall method in the past that provides certainty in terms of budget, delivery date and resourcing. It is common practice now to utilise Agile based methods. However, Agile based methods do not provide specific deadlines and budgets. But provide agility in product design and project delivery, which is useful to companies. Both Waterfall and Agile methods in some forms are the opposites of each other. Executive management prefer agility in delivery projects as the competitive landscape changes frequently. However, they also appreciate certainty in the projects being able to quantify budgets, deadlines and resources that is harder for an Agile based method to provide. This paper attempts to develop a hybrid project management method that attempts to merge these Waterfall and Agile methods to provide the positives from both these approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy" title="strategy">strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20management" title=" project management"> project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy%20implementation" title=" strategy implementation"> strategy implementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile" title=" agile"> agile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148014/strategy-in-practice-strategy-development-strategic-error-and-project-delivery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> In Agile Projects - Arithmetic Sequence is More Effective than Fibonacci Sequence to Use for Estimating the Implementation Effort of User Stories</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Jaber">Khaled Jaber</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The estimation of effort in software development is a complex task. The traditional Waterfall approach used to develop software systems requires a lot of time to estimate the effort needed to implement user requirements. Agile manifesto, however, is currently more used in the industry than the Waterfall to develop software systems. In Agile, the user requirement is referred to as a user story. Agile teams mostly use the Fibonacci sequence 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 11, etc. in estimating the effort needed to implement the user story. This work shows through analysis that the Arithmetic sequence, e.g., 3, 6, 9, 12, etc., is more effective than the Fibonacci sequence in estimating the user stories. This paper mathematically and visually proves the effectiveness of the Arithmetic sequence over the FB sequence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agie" title="agie">agie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scrum" title=" scrum"> scrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estimation" title=" estimation"> estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibonacci%20sequence" title=" fibonacci sequence"> fibonacci sequence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145354/in-agile-projects-arithmetic-sequence-is-more-effective-than-fibonacci-sequence-to-use-for-estimating-the-implementation-effort-of-user-stories" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Back to Basics: Redefining Quality Measurement for Hybrid Software Development Organizations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satya%20Pradhan">Satya Pradhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venky%20Nanniyur"> Venky Nanniyur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the software industry transitions from a license-based model to a subscription-based Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) model, many software development groups are using a hybrid development model that incorporates Agile and Waterfall methodologies in different parts of the organization. The traditional metrics used for measuring software quality in Waterfall or Agile paradigms do not apply to this new hybrid methodology. In addition, to respond to higher quality demands from customers and to gain a competitive advantage in the market, many companies are starting to prioritize quality as a strategic differentiator. As a result, quality metrics are included in the decision-making activities all the way up to the executive level, including board of director reviews. This paper presents key challenges associated with measuring software quality in organizations using the hybrid development model. We introduce a framework called Prevention-Inspection-Evaluation-Removal (PIER) to provide a comprehensive metric definition for hybrid organizations. The framework includes quality measurements, quality enforcement, and quality decision points at different organizational levels and project milestones. The metrics framework defined in this paper is being used for all Cisco systems products used in customer premises. We present several field metrics for one product portfolio (enterprise networking) to show the effectiveness of the proposed measurement system. As the results show, this metrics framework has significantly improved in-process defect management as well as field quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20management%20system" title="quality management system">quality management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20metrics%20framework" title=" quality metrics framework"> quality metrics framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20metrics" title=" quality metrics"> quality metrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile" title=" agile"> agile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waterfall" title=" waterfall"> waterfall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20development%20system" title=" hybrid development system"> hybrid development system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110606/back-to-basics-redefining-quality-measurement-for-hybrid-software-development-organizations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> A Cost Effective Approach to Develop Mid-Size Enterprise Software Adopted the Waterfall Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Nehal%20Hasnine">Mohammad Nehal Hasnine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md%20Kamrul%20Hasan%20Chayon"> Md Kamrul Hasan Chayon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md%20Mobasswer%20Rahman"> Md Mobasswer Rahman </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organizational tendencies towards computer-based information processing have been observed noticeably in the third-world countries. Many enterprises are taking major initiatives towards computerized working environment because of massive benefits of computer-based information processing. However, designing and developing information resource management software for small and mid-size enterprises under budget costs and strict deadline is always challenging for software engineers. Therefore, we introduced an approach to design mid-size enterprise software by using the Waterfall model, which is one of the SDLC (Software Development Life Cycles), in a cost effective way. To fulfill research objectives, in this study, we developed mid-sized enterprise software named “BSK Management System” that assists enterprise software clients with information resource management and perform complex organizational tasks. Waterfall model phases have been applied to ensure that all functions, user requirements, strategic goals, and objectives are met. In addition, Rich Picture, Structured English, and Data Dictionary have been implemented and investigated properly in engineering manner. Furthermore, an assessment survey with 20 participants has been conducted to investigate the usability and performance of the proposed software. The survey results indicated that our system featured simple interfaces, easy operation and maintenance, quick processing, and reliable and accurate transactions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=end-user%20application%20development" title="end-user application development">end-user application development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enterprise%20software%20design" title=" enterprise software design"> enterprise software design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20resource%20management" title=" information resource management"> information resource management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability" title=" usability"> usability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30040/a-cost-effective-approach-to-develop-mid-size-enterprise-software-adopted-the-waterfall-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Challenges of Ecotourism Destinations in Selected States of South Eastern Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20Ngozi%20Okeke">Angela Ngozi Okeke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper assesses the challenges of ecotourism in selected destinations of south eastern. These destinations include Agulu/Nanka erosion site and Ogbunike caves from Anambra state, Nekede zoo and Urashi river source from Imo state, Oferekpe waterfall and Okposi salt lake from Ebonyi state. Three sets of well-structured questionnaires (A,B and C) were used to collect the data. Questionnaire ‘A’ was administered to 50% of the total number of households in Agulu/Nanka (51), Ogbunike (42), Nekede (48), Dikenafai (54), Oferekpe (40) and Okposi(45), making a total of 280 household respondents. Another set, ‘B’ was administered to 50 tourists from each site and ‘C’ was administered to 100% of staff respondents in Agulu/Nanka (18), Ogbunike (10), Nekede (24), Dikenafai (15), Oferekpe (8) and Okposi (12). Data collected were subjected to simple descriptive analysis. The results show that the highest respondents age (29.24%) fall into the age bracket (36-45) years, while the least (06.30%) were >60 years. The sex ratio was (67.47%) male and (32.53%) female, (46.48%) were married, (50.37%) were unmarried and (03.30%) were divorced. The tourists' reception was warm in Agulu/Nanka erosion site (46.00%), Ogbunike caves (38.00%), Urashi river source (64.00%) and Okposi salt lake (60.00%), while indifference (54.00%) at Nekede zoo and poor (62.00%) at Oferekpe waterfall. Though the facilities were inadequate in all the sites but majority of the tourist indicated interest to repeat visit. The reasons for protecting eco-destination at Agulu/Nanka (44.83%) and Ogbunike (40.38%) site is tourism, Nekede zoo (43.55%) and Okposi salt (38.46%) lake is biodiversity conservation, cultural festival at Urashi (46.88%) and economic value (35.29%) at Oferekpe waterfall. The way of protecting the destination in Agulu/Nanka site is planting trees (52.11%), taring of road (29.63%) at Ogbunike, molding monuments (30.19%) at Nekede zoo, building steps (64.06%) at Urashi river source, bush clearing (50.94%) at Oferekpe waterfall and community rules (40.74%) at Okposi salt lake. The challenges include deforestation at Agulu/Nanka, illegal hunting in Ogbunike caves, empty cages at Nekede zoo, lack of tour guards at Dikenafai, far distance at Oferekpe and crude method of salt production at Okposi salt lake. Also, it suggested publicity as a way of improving sustainable ecotourism in the study destinations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism%20destinations" title="ecotourism destinations">ecotourism destinations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title=" conservation"> conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=travel" title=" travel"> travel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operations" title=" operations"> operations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenges" title=" challenges"> challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195397/challenges-of-ecotourism-destinations-in-selected-states-of-south-eastern-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">0</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Packaging and Promotion of Local Handcraft for Tourism Growth and Development in Osun State (A Study of Olumirin Waterfall, Erin Ijesa and Osun Osogbo Grove, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chukwu%20J.%20C.">Chukwu J. C.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elujoba%20E.%20T."> Elujoba E. T.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AjaniI%20A.%20A."> AjaniI A. A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiyegbayo%20O.%20O."> Aiyegbayo O. O.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Handcrafts form an integral part of the tourist experience, they represent local traditions and indigenous populations and also as valuable souvenir. The local craft sector is performing at a level far below its potential as a tourism product, hence, this paper seek to examine the challenges facing local handcraft development and suggest ways to promote and package them as souvenirs in tourist destinations in Osun state. One hundred and sixty (160) questionnaires were administered to the staffers and tourists in Osun Osogbo grove and Erin Ijesa waterfall, both in Osun state and 120 questionnaires were properly filled and returned, which gives 75% return rate. Cronbach’s Alpha was used to test the reliability of the research instrument. The findings of the study revealed that ( F_((1,118))= 2.070, r = .151, Sig.< 0.05) there exist a weak and positive relationship between local craft development and the overall development of tourist destinations in Osun state, Nigeria. Therefore, it was concluded, among others, that a lot needs to be done on packaging and promotion of the local handcraft since it was found to have a significant impact on the development of tourist destinations. This, in return, will increase the popularity and acceptability of handcraft both at home and abroad. The study recommends, among others, that government should establish a tourism entrepreneurial development centre charged with the responsibilities of creating and identifying tourism business opportunities and act as ‘one stop shop’ to purchase a local souvenir and disseminate information to potential tourist cum entrepreneurs in the tourism industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packaging" title="packaging">packaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=promotion" title=" promotion"> promotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handcraft" title=" handcraft"> handcraft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153313/packaging-and-promotion-of-local-handcraft-for-tourism-growth-and-development-in-osun-state-a-study-of-olumirin-waterfall-erin-ijesa-and-osun-osogbo-grove-osogbo-osun-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> A Research on Determining the Viability of a Job Board Website for Refugees in Kenya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prince%20Mugoya">Prince Mugoya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Collins%20Oduor%20Ondiek"> Collins Oduor Ondiek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Kanyi%20Wamuyu"> Patrick Kanyi Wamuyu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Refugee Job Board Website is a web-based application that provides a platform for organizations to post jobs specifically for refugees. Organizations upload job opportunities and refugees can view them on the website. The website also allows refugees to input their skills and qualifications. The methodology used to develop this system is a waterfall (traditional) methodology. Software development tools include Brackets which will be used to code the website and PhpMyAdmin to store all the data in a database. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20technology" title="information technology">information technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refugee" title=" refugee"> refugee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skills" title=" skills"> skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utilization" title=" utilization"> utilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economy" title=" economy"> economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jobs" title=" jobs"> jobs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118481/a-research-on-determining-the-viability-of-a-job-board-website-for-refugees-in-kenya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Bubble Scrum: How to Run in Organizations That Only Know How to Walk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaheer%20A.%20Ali">Zaheer A. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Szabo"> George Szabo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> SCRUM has roots in software and web development and works very well on that in that space. However, any technical person who has watched a typical waterfall managed project spiral out of control or into an abyss, has thought: "there must be a better way". I will discuss how that thought leads naturally to adopting Agile principles and SCRUM, as well as how Agile and SCRUM can be implemented in large institutions with long histories via a method I developed: Bubble Scrum. We will also see how SCRUM can be implemented in interesting places outside of the technical sphere and also discuss where and how to subtly bring Agility and SCRUM into large, rigid, institutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile" title="agile">agile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enterprise-agile" title=" enterprise-agile"> enterprise-agile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20at%20scale" title=" agile at scale"> agile at scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20transition" title=" agile transition"> agile transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20management" title=" project management"> project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scrum" title=" scrum"> scrum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121856/bubble-scrum-how-to-run-in-organizations-that-only-know-how-to-walk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Developing API Economy: Associating Value to APIs and Microservices in an Enterprise</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mujahid%20Sultan">Mujahid Sultan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The IT industry has seen many transformations in the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) methodologies and development approaches. SDLCs range from waterfall to agile, and the development approaches from monolith to microservices. Management, orchestration, and monetization of microservices have created an API economy in the modern enterprise. There are two approaches to API design, code first and design first. Design first is gaining popularity in the industry as this allows capturing the API needs from the stakeholders rather than the development teams guesstimating the needs and associating a monetary value with the APIs and microservices. In this publication, we describe an approach to organizing and creating stakeholder needs and requirements for designing microservices and APIs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirements%20engineering" title="requirements engineering">requirements engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enterprise%20architecture" title=" enterprise architecture"> enterprise architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=APIs" title=" APIs"> APIs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microservices" title=" microservices"> microservices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DevOps" title=" DevOps"> DevOps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20delivery" title=" continuous delivery"> continuous delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20integration" title=" continuous integration"> continuous integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stakeholder%20viewpoints" title=" stakeholder viewpoints"> stakeholder viewpoints</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144757/developing-api-economy-associating-value-to-apis-and-microservices-in-an-enterprise" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Multi-Criteria Geographic Information System Analysis of the Costs and Environmental Impacts of Improved Overland Tourist Access to Kaieteur National Park, Guyana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20R.%20Leipnik">Mark R. Leipnik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dahlia%20Durga"> Dahlia Durga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20Johnson-Bhola"> Linda Johnson-Bhola</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Kaieteur is the most iconic National Park in the rainforest-clad nation of Guyana in South America. However, the magnificent 226-meter-high waterfall at its center is virtually inaccessible by surface transportation, and the occasional charter flights to the small airstrip in the park are too expensive for many tourists and residents. Thus, the largest waterfall in all of Amazonia, where the Potaro River plunges over a single free drop twice as high as Victoria Falls, remains preserved in splendid isolation inside a 57,000-hectare National Park established by the British in 1929, in the deepest recesses of a remote jungle canyon. Kaieteur Falls are largely unseen firsthand, but images of the falls are depicted on the Guyanese twenty dollar note, in every Guyanese tourist promotion, and on many items in the national capital of Georgetown. Georgetown is only 223-241 kilometers away from the falls. The lack of a single mileage figure demonstrates there is no single overland route. Any journey, except by air, involves changes of vehicles, a ferry ride, and a boat ride up a jungle river. It also entails hiking for many hours to view the falls. Surface access from Georgetown (or any city) is thus a 3-5 day-long adventure; even in the dry season, during the two wet seasons, travel is a particularly sticky proposition. This journey was made overland by the paper's co-author Dahlia Durga. This paper focuses on potential ways to improve overland tourist access to Kaieteur National Park from Georgetown. This is primarily a GIS-based analysis, using multiple criteria to determine the least cost means of creating all-weather road access to the area near the base of the falls while minimizing distance and elevation changes. Critically, it also involves minimizing the number of new bridges required to be built while utilizing the one existing ferry crossings of a major river. Cost estimates are based on data from road and bridge construction engineers operating currently in the interior of Guyana. The paper contains original maps generated with ArcGIS of the potential routes for such an overland connection, including the one deemed optimal. Other factors, such as the impact on endangered species habitats and Indigenous populations, are considered. This proposed infrastructure development is taking place at a time when Guyana is undergoing the largest boom in its history due to revenues from offshore oil and gas development. Thus, better access to the most important tourist attraction in the country is likely to happen eventually in some manner. But the questions of the most environmentally sustainable and least costly alternatives for such access remain. This paper addresses those questions and others related to access to this magnificent natural treasure and the tradeoffs such access will have on the preservation of the currently pristine natural environment of Kaieteur Falls. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nature%20tourism" title="nature tourism">nature tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amazonia" title=" Amazonia"> Amazonia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20parks" title=" national parks"> national parks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149445/multi-criteria-geographic-information-system-analysis-of-the-costs-and-environmental-impacts-of-improved-overland-tourist-access-to-kaieteur-national-park-guyana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> An Argument for Agile, Lean, and Hybrid Project Management in Museum Conservation Practice: A Qualitative Evaluation of the Morris Collection Conservation Project at the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Ledinskaya">Maria Ledinskaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is part case study and part literature review. It seeks to introduce Agile, Lean, and Hybrid project management concepts from business, software development, and manufacturing fields to museum conservation by looking at their practical application on a recent conservation project at the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts. The author outlines the advantages of leaner and more agile conservation practices in today’s faster, less certain, and more budget-conscious museum climate where traditional project structures are no longer as relevant or effective. The Morris Collection Conservation Project was carried out in 2019-2021 in Norwich, UK, and concerned the remedial conservation of around 150 Abstract Constructivist artworks bequeathed to the Sainsbury Centre by private collectors Michael and Joyce Morris. It was a medium-sized conservation project of moderate complexity, planned and delivered in an environment with multiple known unknowns – unresearched collection, unknown conditions and materials, unconfirmed budget. The project was later impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, introducing indeterminate lockdowns, budget cuts, staff changes, and the need to accommodate social distancing and remote communications. The author, then a staff conservator at the Sainsbury Centre who acted as project manager on the Morris Project, presents an incremental, iterative, and value-based approach to managing a conservation project in an uncertain environment. The paper examines the project from the point of view of Traditional, Agile, Lean, and Hybrid project management. The author argues that most academic writing on project management in conservation has focussed on a Traditional plan-driven approach – also known as Waterfall project management – which has significant drawbacks in today’s museum environment due to its over-reliance on prediction-based planning and its low tolerance to change. In the last 20 years, alternative Agile, Lean and Hybrid approaches to project management have been widely adopted in software development, manufacturing, and other industries, although their recognition in the museum sector has been slow. Using examples from the Morris Project, the author introduces key principles and tools of Agile, Lean, and Hybrid project management and presents a series of arguments on the effectiveness of these alternative methodologies in museum conservation, including the ethical and practical challenges to their implementation. These project management approaches are discussed in the context of consequentialist, relativist, and utilitarian developments in contemporary conservation ethics. Although not intentionally planned as such, the Morris Project had a number of Agile and Lean features which were instrumental to its successful delivery. These key features are identified as distributed decision-making, a co-located cross-disciplinary team, servant leadership, focus on value-added work, flexible planning done in shorter sprint cycles, light documentation, and emphasis on reducing procedural, financial, and logistical waste. Overall, the author’s findings point in favour of a hybrid model, which combines traditional and alternative project processes and tools to suit the specific needs of the project. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20project%20management" title="agile project management">agile project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title=" conservation"> conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20project%20management" title=" hybrid project management"> hybrid project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lean%20project%20management" title=" lean project management"> lean project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waterfall%20project%20management" title=" waterfall project management"> waterfall project management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146342/an-argument-for-agile-lean-and-hybrid-project-management-in-museum-conservation-practice-a-qualitative-evaluation-of-the-morris-collection-conservation-project-at-the-sainsbury-centre-for-visual-arts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Agile Project Management: A Real Application in a Multi-Project Research and Development Center</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aysegul%20Sarac">Aysegul Sarac</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to analyze the impacts of integrating agile development principles and practices, in particular to reduce project lead time in a multi-project environment. We analyze Arçelik Washing Machine R&D Center in which multiple projects are conducted by shared resources. In the first part of the study, we illustrate the current waterfall model system by using a value stream map. We define all activities starting from the first idea of the project to the customer and measure process time and lead time of projects. In the second part of the study we estimate potential improvements and select a set of these improvements to integrate agile principles. We aim to develop a future state map and analyze the impacts of integrating lean principles on project lead time. The main contribution of this study is that we analyze and integrate agile product development principles in a real multi-project system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20project%20management" title="agile project management">agile project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi%20project%20system" title=" multi project system"> multi project system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20lead%20time" title=" project lead time"> project lead time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product%20development" title=" product development"> product development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62034/agile-project-management-a-real-application-in-a-multi-project-research-and-development-center" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Qualitative Evaluation of the Morris Collection Conservation Project at the Sainsbury Centre of Visual Arts in the Context of Agile, Lean and Hybrid Project Management Approaches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Ledinskaya">Maria Ledinskaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the Morris Collection Conservation Project at the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts in the context of Agile, Lean, and Hybrid project management. It is part case study and part literature review. To date, relatively little has been written about non-traditional project management approaches in heritage conservation. This paper seeks to introduce Agile, Lean, and Hybrid project management concepts from business, software development, and manufacturing fields to museum conservation, by referencing their practical application on a recent museum-based conservation project. The Morris Collection Conservation Project was carried out in 2019-2021 in Norwich, UK, and concerned the remedial conservation of around 150 Abstract Constructivist artworks bequeathed to the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts by private collectors Michael and Joyce Morris. The first part introduces the chronological timeline and key elements of the project. It describes a medium-size conservation project of moderate complexity, which was planned and delivered in an environment with multiple known unknowns – unresearched collection, unknown condition and materials, unconfirmed budget. The project was also impacted by the unknown unknowns of the COVID-19 pandemic, such as indeterminate lockdowns, and the need to accommodate social distancing and remote communications. The author, a staff conservator at the Sainsbury Centre who acted as project manager on the Morris Collection Conservation Project, presents an incremental, iterative, and value-based approach to managing a conservation project in an uncertain environment. Subsequent sections examine the project from the point of view of Traditional, Agile, Lean, and Hybrid project management. The author argues that most academic writing on project management in conservation has focussed on a Traditional plan-driven approach – also known as Waterfall project management – which has significant drawbacks in today’s museum environment, due to its over-reliance on prediction-based planning and its low tolerance to change. In the last 20 years, alternative Agile, Lean and Hybrid approaches to project management have been widely adopted in software development, manufacturing, and other industries, although their recognition in the museum sector has been slow. Using examples from the Morris Collection Conservation Project, the author introduces key principles and tools of Agile, Lean, and Hybrid project management and presents a series of arguments on the effectiveness of these alternative methodologies in museum conservation, as well as the ethical and practical challenges to their implementation. These project management approaches are discussed in the context of consequentialist, relativist, and utilitarian developments in contemporary conservation ethics, particularly with respect to change management, bespoke ethics, shared decision-making, and value-based cost-benefit conservation strategy. The author concludes that the Morris Collection Conservation Project had multiple Agile and Lean features which were instrumental to the successful delivery of the project. These key features are identified as distributed decision making, a co-located cross-disciplinary team, servant leadership, focus on value-added work, flexible planning done in shorter sprint cycles, light documentation, and emphasis on reducing procedural, financial, and logistical waste. Overall, the author’s findings point largely in favour of a Hybrid model which combines traditional and alternative project processes and tools to suit the specific needs of the project. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20management" title="project management">project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title=" conservation"> conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waterfall" title=" waterfall"> waterfall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile" title=" agile"> agile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lean" title=" lean"> lean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid" title=" hybrid"> hybrid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146169/qualitative-evaluation-of-the-morris-collection-conservation-project-at-the-sainsbury-centre-of-visual-arts-in-the-context-of-agile-lean-and-hybrid-project-management-approaches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Represent Light and Shade of Old Beijing: Construction of Historical Picture Display Platform Based on Geographic Information System (GIS)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Niu">Li Niu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jihong%20Liang"> Jihong Liang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lichao%20Liu"> Lichao Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huidi%20Chen"> Huidi Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the drawing of ancient palace painter, the layout of Beijing famous architect and the lens under photographers, a series of pictures which described whether emperors or ordinary people, whether gardens or Hutongs, whether historical events or life scenarios has emerged into our society. These precious resources are scattered around and preserved in different places Such as organizations like archives and libraries, along with individuals. The research combined decentralized photographic resources with Geographic Information System (GIS), focusing on the figure, event, time and location of the pictures to map them with geographic information in webpage and to display them productively. In order to meet the demand of reality, we designed a metadata description proposal, which is referred to DC and VRA standards. Another essential procedure is to formulate a four-tier classification system to correspond with the metadata proposals. As for visualization, we used Photo Waterfall and Time Line to display our resources in front end. Last but not the least, leading the Web 2.0 trend, the research developed an artistic, friendly, expandable, universal and user involvement platform to show the historical and culture precipitation of Beijing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historical%20picture" title="historical picture">historical picture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system" title=" geographic information system"> geographic information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=display%20platform" title=" display platform"> display platform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=four-tier%20classification%20system" title=" four-tier classification system"> four-tier classification system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64291/represent-light-and-shade-of-old-beijing-construction-of-historical-picture-display-platform-based-on-geographic-information-system-gis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Three Tier Indoor Localization System for Digital Forensics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dennis%20L.%20Owuor">Dennis L. Owuor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Okuthe%20P.%20Kogeda"> Okuthe P. Kogeda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johnson%20I.%20Agbinya"> Johnson I. Agbinya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobile localization has attracted a great deal of attention recently due to the introduction of wireless networks. Although several localization algorithms and systems have been implemented and discussed in the literature, very few researchers have exploited the gap that exists between indoor localization, tracking, external storage of location information and outdoor localization for the purpose of digital forensics during and after a disaster. The contribution of this paper lies in the implementation of a robust system that is capable of locating, tracking mobile device users and store location information for both indoor and partially outdoor the cloud. The system can be used during disaster to track and locate mobile phone users. The developed system is a mobile application built based on Android, Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP), Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), JavaScript and MATLAB for the Android mobile users. Using Waterfall model of software development, we have implemented a three level system that is able to track, locate and store mobile device information in secure database (cloud) on almost a real time basis. The outcome of the study showed that the developed system is efficient with regard to the tracking and locating mobile devices. The system is also flexible, i.e. can be used in any building with fewer adjustments. Finally, the system is accurate for both indoor and outdoor in terms of locating and tracking mobile devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20localization" title="indoor localization">indoor localization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20forensics" title=" digital forensics"> digital forensics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fingerprinting" title=" fingerprinting"> fingerprinting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tracking%20and%20cloud" title=" tracking and cloud"> tracking and cloud</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65789/three-tier-indoor-localization-system-for-digital-forensics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65789.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> A Saudi Herbal Database: An Approach for Organizing the Rich Herbal Resource of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Asif%20Hassan">Syed Asif Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tabrej%20Khan"> Tabrej Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of traditional medicines for the treatment of various diseases as well as maintaining a healthy lifestyle has gained a significant acceptance across the globe. The increasing popularity of Herbal Medicine can be owed to the fact that is relatively inexpensive and has lesser side effects as compared to general medicines. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has a rich heritage of herbal medicine for overages. However, the information about essential traditional herbs of Arabian origin and their implication in the treatment of various diseases are not well documented in an organized manner. Therefore, the requirement of a local platform (database system) for herbal medicines of Arab origin is the need of the day. In this context, various questionnaire and surveys were conducted over a period of 6 months. The surveys were targeted to identify a range of herbal remedies used by the communities of Saudi Arabia e.g., pharmacists and local people. The survey leads us to identify many of the mysterious local medicinal herbs used for the treatment of various ailments and thus reveals a unique insight into the natural herbal resource of Saudi Arabia. The information of the herbal medicines will be further used to develop a Saudi herbal database system using the principles of waterfall method. An interactive dynamic electronic web portal of the herbal database system will be built using MySQL and PHP for accessing the information available in the Saudi herbal database system. The web portal will be a step forward in creating awareness among the Arab nationals of their rich herbal heritage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20herbal%20medicine" title="Saudi herbal medicine">Saudi herbal medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20survey" title=" community survey"> community survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=database%20system%20and%20design" title=" database system and design"> database system and design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MySQL" title=" MySQL"> MySQL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PHP" title=" PHP"> PHP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62874/a-saudi-herbal-database-an-approach-for-organizing-the-rich-herbal-resource-of-the-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Revealing the Potential of Geotourism and Geoheritage of Gedangsari Area, Yogyakarta</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cecilia%20Jatu">Cecilia Jatu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adventino"> Adventino</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gedangsari is located in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta Province, which has several criteria to be used as a new geosite object. The research area is located in the southern mountain zone of Java, composed of 5 rock formations with Oligocene up to Middle Miocene age. The purpose of this study is to reveal the potential of geotourism and the geoheritage to be proposed as a new geosite and to make a geosite map of Gedangsari. The research method used is descriptive data collection and which includes quantitative geological data collection, geotourism, and heritage sites, then supported by petrographic analysis, geological structure, geological mapping, and SWOT analysis. The geological data proved that Gedangsari consists of igneous rock (intrusion), pyroclastic rock, and sediment rock. This condition caused many varieties and particular geomorphological platform. Geotourism that include in Gedangsari are Luweng Sampang Canyon, Gedangsari Bouma Sequence, Watugajah Columnar Joint, Gedangsari Marine Fan Sediment, and Tegalrejo Waterfall. There is also Tegalrejo Village, which can be considered as geoheritage site because of its culture and batik traditional cloth. The results of the SWOT analysis, Gedangsari geosite must be developed and appropriately promoted in order to improve the existence. The development of geosite area will have a significant impact that improve the economic growth of the surrounding community and can be used by the government as base information for sustainable development. In addition, the making of an educational map about the geological conditions and geotourism location of the Gedangsari geosite can increase the people's knowledge about Gedangsari. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gedangsari" title="Gedangsari">Gedangsari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geoheritage" title=" geoheritage"> geoheritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geotourism" title=" geotourism"> geotourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geosite" title=" geosite"> geosite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122601/revealing-the-potential-of-geotourism-and-geoheritage-of-gedangsari-area-yogyakarta" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Evaluation and Possibilities of Valorization of Ecotourism Potentials in the Mbam and Djerem National Park</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rinyu%20Shei%20Mercy">Rinyu Shei Mercy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Protected areas are the potential areas for the development of ecotourism because of their biodiversity, landscapes, waterfalls, lakes, caves, salt lick and cultural heritage of local or indigenous people. These potentials have not yet been valorized, so this study will enable to investigate the evaluation and possibilities of valorization of ecotourism potentials in the Mbam and Djerem National Park. Hence, this was done by employing a combination of field observations, examination, data collection and evaluation, using a SWOT analysis. The SWOT provides an analysis to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and strategic suggestions for ecological planning. The study helps to determine an ecotouristic inventory and mapping of ecotourism potentials of the park, evaluate the degree of valorization of these potentials and the possibilities of valorization. Finally, the study has proven that the park has much natural potentials such as rivers, salt licks, waterfall and rapids, lakes, caves and rocks, etc. Also, from the study, it was realized that as concerns the degree of valorization of these ecotourism potentials, 50% of the population visit the salt lick of Pkayere because it’s a biodiversity hotspot and rich in mineral salt attracting a lot of animals and the least is the lake Miyere with 1% due to the fact that it is sacred. Moreover, from the results, there are possibilities that these potentials can be valorized and put into use because of their attractive nature such as creating good roads and bridges, good infrastructural facilities, good communication network etc. So, the study recommends that, in this process, MINTOUR, WCS, tour operators must interact sufficiently in order to develop the potential interest to ecotourism, ecocultural tourism and scientific tourism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism" title="ecotourism">ecotourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20park%20Mbam%20and%20Djerem" title=" national park Mbam and Djerem"> national park Mbam and Djerem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorization%20of%20biodiversity" title=" valorization of biodiversity"> valorization of biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protected%20areas%20of%20Cameroon" title=" protected areas of Cameroon"> protected areas of Cameroon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117741/evaluation-and-possibilities-of-valorization-of-ecotourism-potentials-in-the-mbam-and-djerem-national-park" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117741.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Analysis of Organizational Hybrid Agile Methods Environments: Frameworks, Benefits, and Challenges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Alsubaie">Majid Alsubaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Sarbazhosseini"> Hamed Sarbazhosseini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many working environments have experienced increased uncertainty due to the fast-moving and unpredictable world. IT systems development projects, in particular, face several challenges because of their rapidly changing environments and emerging technologies. Information technology organizations within these contexts adapt systems development methodology and new software approaches to address this issue. One of these methodologies is the Agile method, which has gained huge attention in recent years. However, due to failure rates in IT projects, there is an increasing demand for the use of hybrid Agile methods among organizations. The scarce research in the area means that organizations do not have solid evidence-based knowledge for the use of hybrid Agile. This research was designed to provide further insights into the development of hybrid Agile methods within systems development projects, including how frameworks and processes are used and what benefits and challenges are gained and faced as a result of hybrid Agile methods. This paper presents how three organizations (two government and one private) use hybrid Agile methods in their Agile environments. The data was collected through interviews and a review of relevant documents. The results indicate that these organizations do not predominantly use pure Agile. Instead, they are waterfall organizations by virtue of systems nature and complexity, and Agile is used underneath as the delivery model. Prince2 Agile framework, SAFe, Scrum, and Kanban were the identified models and frameworks followed. This study also found that customer satisfaction and the ability to build quickly are the most frequently perceived benefits of using hybrid Agile methods. In addition, team resistance and scope changes are the common challenges identified by research participants in their working environments. The findings can help to understand Agile environmental conditions and projects that can help get better success rates and customer satisfaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile" title="agile">agile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid" title=" hybrid"> hybrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20systems" title=" IT systems"> IT systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=success%20rate" title=" success rate"> success rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130735/analysis-of-organizational-hybrid-agile-methods-environments-frameworks-benefits-and-challenges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130735.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Design Thinking and Requirements Engineering in Application Development: Case Studies in Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Prodocimo">V. Prodocimo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Malucelli"> A. Malucelli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Reinehr"> S. Reinehr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organizations, driven by business digitization, have in software the main core of value generation and the main channel of communication with their clients. The software, as well as responding to momentary market needs, spans an extensive product family, ranging from mobile applications to multilateral platforms. Thus, the software specification needs to represent solutions focused on consumer problems and market needs. However, requirements engineering, whose approach is strongly linked to technology, becomes deficient and ineffective when the problem is not well defined or when looking for an innovative solution, thus needing a complementary approach. Research has cited the combination of design thinking and requirements engineering, many correlating design thinking as a support technique for the elicitation step, however, little is known about the real benefits and challenges that this combination can bring. From the point of view of the development process, there is little empirical evidence of how Design Thinking interactions with requirements engineering occur. Given this scenario, this paper aims to understand how design thinking practices are applied in each of the requirements engineering stages in software projects. To elucidate these interactions, a qualitative and exploratory research was carried out through the application of the case study method in IT organizations in Brazil that work in the development of software projects. The results indicate that design thinking has aided requirements engineering, both in projects that adopt agile methods and those that adopt the waterfall process, bringing a complementary thought that seeks to build the best software solution design for business problems. It was also possible to conclude that organizations choose to use design thinking not based on a specific software family (e.g. mobile or desktop applications), but given the characteristics of the software projects, such as: vague nature of the problem, complex problems and/or need for innovative solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20engineering" title="software engineering">software engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirements%20engineering" title=" requirements engineering"> requirements engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20thinking" title=" design thinking"> design thinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovative%20solutions" title=" innovative solutions"> innovative solutions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129734/design-thinking-and-requirements-engineering-in-application-development-case-studies-in-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129734.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Dynamic Model for Forecasting Rainfall Induced Landslides</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Premasiri">R. Premasiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20A.%20H.%20A.%20Abeygunasekara"> W. A. H. A. Abeygunasekara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Hewavidana"> S. M. Hewavidana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Jananthan"> T. Jananthan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20M.%20S.%20Madawala"> R. M. S. Madawala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Vaheeshan"> K. Vaheeshan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Forecasting the potential for disastrous events such as landslides has become one of the major necessities in the current world. Most of all, the landslides occurred in Sri Lanka are found to be triggered mostly by intense rainfall events. The study area is the landslide near Gerandiella waterfall which is located by the 41st kilometer post on Nuwara Eliya-Gampala main road in Kotmale Division in Sri Lanka. The landslide endangers the entire Kotmale town beneath the slope. Geographic Information System (GIS) platform is very much useful when it comes to the need of emulating the real-world processes. The models are used in a wide array of applications ranging from simple evaluations to the levels of forecast future events. This project investigates the possibility of developing a dynamic model to map the spatial distribution of the slope stability. The model incorporates several theoretical models including the infinite slope model, Green Ampt infiltration model and Perched ground water flow model. A series of rainfall values can be fed to the model as the main input to simulate the dynamics of slope stability. Hydrological model developed using GIS is used to quantify the perched water table height, which is one of the most critical parameters affecting the slope stability. Infinite slope stability model is used to quantify the degree of slope stability in terms of factor of safety. DEM was built with the use of digitized contour data. Stratigraphy was modeled in Surfer using borehole data and resistivity images. Data available from rainfall gauges and piezometers were used in calibrating the model. During the calibration, the parameters were adjusted until a good fit between the simulated ground water levels and the piezometer readings was obtained. This model equipped with the predicted rainfall values can be used to forecast of the slope dynamics of the area of interest. Therefore it can be investigated the slope stability of rainfall induced landslides by adjusting temporal dimensions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20of%20safety" title="factor of safety">factor of safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system" title=" geographic information system"> geographic information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrological%20model" title=" hydrological model"> hydrological model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20stability" title=" slope stability"> slope stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6302/dynamic-model-for-forecasting-rainfall-induced-landslides" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6302.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Taxonomy of Araceous Plants on Limestone Mountains in Lop Buri and Saraburi Provinces, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duangchai%20Sookchaloem">Duangchai Sookchaloem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sutida%20Maneeanakekul"> Sutida Maneeanakekul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Araceous plant or Araceae is a monocotyledon family having numerous potential useful plants. Two hundred and ten species of Araceae were reported in Thailand, of which 43 species were reported as threatened plants. Fifty percent of endemic status and rare status plants were recorded in limestone areas. Currently, these areas are seriously threatened by land-use changes. The study on taxonomy of Araceous plants was carried out in Lop Buri and Saraburi limestone mountains from February 2011 to May 2015. The purposes of this study were to study species diversity, taxonomic character and ecological habitat. 55 specimens collected from various limestone areas including Pra Phut Tabat National forest (Pra Phut Tabat Mountain, Khao Pra Phut Tabat Noi Mountains, Wat Thum Krabog Mountain), Tab Khwang and Muak Lek Natinal forest (Pha Lad mountain, and Muak Lek waterfall) in Saraburi province ,and Wang Plaeng Ta Muang and Lumnarai National forest (Wat Thum chang phuk mountain), Panead National forest (Wat Khao Samo Khon Mountain), Lan Ta Ridge National forest (Khao Wong Prachan mountain, Wat Pa Chumchon) in Lop Buri province. Twenty species of Araceous plants were identified using characteristics of underground stem, phyllotaxis and leaf blade, spathe and spadix. Species list are Aglaonema cochinchinense, A. simplex, Alocasia acuminata, Amorphophallus paeoniifolius, A. albispathus, A. saraburiensis, A. pseudoharmandii, Pycnospatha arietina, Hapaline kerri, Lasia spinosa, Pothos scandens, Typhonium laoticum, T. orbifolium, T. saraburiense, T. trilobatum, T. sp.1, T. sp. 2, Cryptocoryne crispatula var. balansae, Scindapsus sp., and Rhaphidophora peepla. Five species are new locality records. One species (Typhonium sp.1) is considered as a new species. Seven species were reported as threatened plants in Thailand Red Data Book. Taxonomic features were used for key to species constructions. Araceous specimens were found in mixed deciduous forests, dry evergreen forests with 50-470 m. elevation. New ecological habitat of Typhonium laoticum, T. orbifolium, and T. saraburiense were reported in this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecology" title="ecology">ecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limestone%20mountains" title=" limestone mountains"> limestone mountains</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lopburi%20and%20Saraburi%20provinces" title=" Lopburi and Saraburi provinces"> Lopburi and Saraburi provinces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20diversity" title=" species diversity"> species diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taxonomic%20character" title=" taxonomic character"> taxonomic character</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46312/taxonomy-of-araceous-plants-on-limestone-mountains-in-lop-buri-and-saraburi-provinces-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> 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