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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" 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class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-典型傳統觀點和僧侶戒律" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#典型傳統觀點和僧侶戒律"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>典型傳統觀點和僧侶戒律</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-典型傳統觀點和僧侶戒律-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地區觀點" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地區觀點"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>地區觀點</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-地區觀點-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关地區觀點子章节</span> 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸閱讀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>延伸閱讀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸閱讀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">佛教與墮胎</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" 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href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%AF%E1%80%92%E1%80%B9%E1%80%93%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BE%E1%80%84%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%96%E1%80%BB%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဗုဒ္ဓဘာသာနှင့် ကိုယ်ဝန်ဖျက်ချခြင်း – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗုဒ္ဓဘာသာနှင့် ကိုယ်ဝန်ဖျက်ချခြင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4984202#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> 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class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><p><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>对于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7" title="人工流产">人工流产</a></b>没有统一的观点，尽管一般通常对其持负面看法。<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="典型傳統觀點和僧侶戒律"><span id=".E5.85.B8.E5.9E.8B.E5.82.B3.E7.B5.B1.E8.A7.80.E9.BB.9E.E5.92.8C.E5.83.A7.E4.BE.B6.E6.88.92.E5.BE.8B"></span>典型傳統觀點和僧侶戒律</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：典型傳統觀點和僧侶戒律"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="上座部佛教">南傳佛教</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘佛教</a>僧侣遵循的僧規戒律中，诱导或以其他方式导致<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7" title="流产">流产</a>被视为严重的问题。<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>僧侣协助妇女进行流产可能导致被开除出僧团。传统文献并没有区分早期和晚期流产，但在斯里兰卡和泰国，随着<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%8E%E5%84%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="胎儿">胎儿</a>的发育，人工流产所带来的“道德污点”也会增加。<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>虽然传统佛教文献未提及流产对母亲健康的影响，但很多宗派的现代佛教法師和许多佛教国家的法律都承认，当母亲的生命或身体健康受到威胁时，可以将其作为正当的流产理由。尽管有这样的例外情况，流产仍然可能被视为不道德，会造成<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%AD_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="業 (佛教)">恶业</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="地區觀點"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E5.8D.80.E8.A7.80.E9.BB.9E"></span>地區觀點</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：地區觀點"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>关于堕胎的观点在不同地区之间存在很大的差异，反映各种佛教传统的影响，以及其他宗教和哲学传统以及与西方思想的接触的影响。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="藏傳佛教"><span id=".E8.97.8F.E5.82.B3.E4.BD.9B.E6.95.99"></span>藏傳佛教</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：藏傳佛教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="藏傳佛教">藏傳佛教</a>地区，堕胎通常被视为非常负面的行为。<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在西藏地区于20世纪50年代<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E8%97%8F%E4%BA%BA" title="海外藏人">海外藏人</a>社群出现之前，西藏人并不熟知因医疗需要而进行堕胎的情况，由于<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="人口压力" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="population pressure"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="人口压力（页面不存在）">人口压力</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/population_pressure" class="extiw" title="en:population pressure"><span lang="en" dir="auto">population pressure</span></a></span>）</span></span>较小，他们认为没有理由去参与摧毁无辜生命的行为。<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>对流亡藏人而言，尽管堕胎是合法的，但堕胎的情况非常罕见。<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>藏传佛教徒相信，进行过堕胎的人应该被同情对待，并应当通过善行和宗教仪式来弥补这一负面行为。这些行为旨在改善母亲和被堕胎胎儿的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%AD_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="業 (佛教)">业力结果</a>。然而，宗教领袖指出，如果一个人在计划通过行为来弥补堕胎的後果，那么这些行为将不会起效。<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey2_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96%E8%BE%BE%E8%B5%96%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B" title="第十四世达赖喇嘛">第十四世达赖喇嘛</a>曾表示，堕胎是“负面”的，但也有例外情况，他认为堕胎是否可取，应根据具体情况来看待。<i><sup id="cite_ref-Dreifus_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dreifus-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="南傳佛教"><span id=".E5.8D.97.E5.82.B3.E4.BD.9B.E6.95.99"></span>南傳佛教</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：南傳佛教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="南传佛教">南传佛教</a>地区的国家，对于堕胎的法律和观点差异很大。泰国的态度和法律对堕胎的看法通常比斯里兰卡更为积极。<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>虽然在缅甸，堕胎仍被视为负面的行为，但也有防止婚外生育的效果。<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey3_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>关于泰国对堕胎的态度，<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="彼得·哈维 (学者)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peter Harvey (academic)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%BB%B4_(%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%85)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="彼得·哈维 (学者)（页面不存在）">彼得·哈维</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Harvey_(academic)" class="extiw" title="en:Peter Harvey (academic)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peter Harvey (academic)</span></a></span>）</span></span>（Peter Harvey）指出： </p> <blockquote><p>...在讨论堕胎问题时，不涉及诸如生命权或选择权之类的权利语言，而是涉及“利處与禍害” （benefits and harms）的语言，旨在情况允许的范围内，减轻人类在各种状态、阶段和情境中所遭受的苦难，强调减少导致妇女感到需要堕胎的情况。</p></blockquote> <p>在泰国，2010年11月，一座<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E8%B0%B7" title="曼谷">曼谷</a>寺庙发现內有大约2000个胎儿的遗体，引起广泛关注。当时，除了强奸或对妇女健康构成威胁的情况外，堕胎在泰國是非法的。此事件引发一些政治家和僧侣发表声明，重申他们反对堕胎法律。一位佛教领袖明确表示：“在佛教观点中，堕胎和进行堕胎都等同于谋杀。参与堕胎的人将在此生和来世面临痛苦，因为他们的罪孽将跟随着他们。”总理<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8A%AB%E5%AE%9E%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%B7%AE%E5%A5%87%E7%93%A6" title="阿披实·威差奇瓦">阿披实·威差奇瓦</a>宣布打击非法堕胎诊所，并拒绝修改法律的呼吁，称现行法律“足够好”。<sup id="cite_ref-The_Guardian_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>然而，2022年10月，泰国公共卫生部将堕胎合法化，允许在怀孕的前20周进行堕胎，这是之前允许在怀孕的前12周内终止妊娠的法律的延伸。泰国和世界各地的拥护堕胎权利的倡导者为这项新规定表示欢迎，但指出还需要做更多努力，以确保医生接受培训，并让公众意识到他们对堕胎的权利。<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="彼得·哈维 (学者)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peter Harvey (academic)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%BB%B4_(%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%85)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="彼得·哈维 (学者)（页面不存在）">彼得·哈维</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Harvey_(academic)" class="extiw" title="en:Peter Harvey (academic)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peter Harvey (academic)</span></a></span>）</span></span>将缅甸对堕胎的态度与<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="米爾福德·施伯羅" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Melford Spiro"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E4%BC%AF%E7%BE%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="米爾福德·施伯羅（页面不存在）">米爾福德·施伯羅</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melford_Spiro" class="extiw" title="en:Melford Spiro"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Melford Spiro</span></a></span>）</span></span>的观察联系起来，指出缅甸的佛教徒能够区分宗教上的<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E7%BB%9D%E5%AF%B9%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="道德绝对主义">绝对的善恶</a>和世俗上的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9F%E5%88%A9%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="功利主義">功利的善恶</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-Harvey3_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvey3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在缅甸，虽然由于经济困难造成非法堕胎普遍存在，但许多佛教徒认为堕胎违背他们的宗教信仰。<sup id="cite_ref-bat_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bat-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>根据1995年对缅甸妇女的调查显示，99%的人认为堕胎违背了他们的宗教信仰。<sup id="cite_ref-bat_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bat-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="汉传佛教"><span id=".E6.B1.89.E4.BC.A0.E4.BD.9B.E6.95.99"></span>汉传佛教</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：汉传佛教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="日本佛教">日本佛教</a>对堕胎的宽容度要高于其他地方。<sup id="cite_ref-barnhart_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barnhart-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在日本，有时女性会在人工流产或自然流产后参与<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E4%BD%9B%E7%BF%92%E5%90%88" title="神佛習合">神佛習合</a>的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水子供养" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="mizuko kuyō"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E5%AD%90%E4%BE%9B%E5%85%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水子供养（页面不存在）">水子供养</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mizuko_kuy%C5%8D" class="extiw" title="en:mizuko kuyō"><span lang="en" dir="auto">mizuko kuyō</span></a></span>）</span></span>（即“胎儿追悼仪式”）。<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>同样，在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a>，女性有时会祈求平息被堕胎胎儿的怨灵（<a href="/wiki/%E5%AC%B0%E9%9D%88" title="嬰靈">嬰靈</a>），并缓解因堕胎而感到内疚的情绪；这种仪式称为“嬰靈供養”。<sup id="cite_ref-moskowitz2001_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moskowitz2001-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>这种现代做法始于1970年代中期，并在1980年代大幅流行，尤其是在1985年堕胎合法化后。<sup id="cite_ref-winterton2001_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-winterton2001-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嬰靈供養既汲取了自汉朝以来的传统渊源，又受到日本实践的影响。<sup id="cite_ref-jones2002_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jones2002-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-shih2002_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shih2002-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>这些现代做法出现在与现代化相关的人口变化、城市化和家庭规模减小的背景下，伴随着对性态度的变化，这些变化首先发生在日本，然后在台湾，台湾的佛教社群从日本获得启发。<sup id="cite_ref-moskowitz2001_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moskowitz2001-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jones2002_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jones2002-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸閱讀"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.96.B1.E8.AE.80"></span>延伸閱讀</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：延伸閱讀"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教倫理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhist Ethics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教倫理（页面不存在）">佛教倫理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_Ethics" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhist Ethics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhist Ethics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%88%92" title="五戒">五戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E8%81%96%E9%81%93%E5%88%86" title="八聖道分">八聖道分</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bbc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/buddhism/buddhistethics/abortion.shtml">Abortion: Buddhism</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170721173737/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/buddhism/buddhistethics/abortion.shtml">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）." <i>BBC Religion & Ethics.</i> Retrieved 15 January 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harvey-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey_2-2"><sup><b>2.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey, Peter. Introduction to Buddhist Ethics (2000). Cambridge University Press. pg. 311-20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harvey2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey2_3-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey2_3-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey2_3-2"><sup><b>3.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey2_3-3"><sup><b>3.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey, Peter. Introduction to Buddhist Ethics (2000). Cambridge University Press. pg. 328-29</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dreifus-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dreifus_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Claudia Dreifus" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Claudia Dreifus"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudia_Dreifus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claudia Dreifus（页面不存在）">Claudia Dreifus</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Dreifus" class="extiw" title="en:Claudia Dreifus"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Claudia Dreifus</span></a></span>）</span></span>. (28 November 1993). "The Dalai Lama." The New York Times</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harvey3-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey3_5-0"><sup><b>5.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey3_5-1"><sup><b>5.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harvey3_5-2"><sup><b>5.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harvey, Peter. Introduction to Buddhist Ethics (2000). Cambridge University Press. pg. 329-32</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Guardian-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Guardian_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/nov/25/abortion-reform-buddhism-thailand">Abortion reform is up against Buddhism in Thailand</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20230412084200/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/nov/25/abortion-reform-buddhism-thailand">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）." <i>The Guardian Comment is Free.</i> Published 25 November 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation magazine"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/6225758/thailand-abortion-access/">As U.S. Enforces Abortion Restrictions, Thailand Expands Access</a>. Time. 2022-10-27 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-05-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231030213634/http://time.com/6225758/thailand-abortion-access/">存档</a>于2023-10-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&rft.atitle=As+U.S.+Enforces+Abortion+Restrictions%2C+Thailand+Expands+Access&rft.date=2022-10-27&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F6225758%2Fthailand-abortion-access%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bat-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bat_8-0"><sup><b>8.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bat_8-1"><sup><b>8.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Ba-Thike, Katherine. Abortion: A Public Health Problem in Myanmar. Reproductive Health Matters. 1997, <b>5</b> (9): 94–100. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/3775140"><span title="JSTOR">JSTOR 3775140</span></a>. <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0968-8080%2897%2990010-0"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1016/s0968-8080(97)90010-0</span></a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="可免费查阅"><img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&rft.atitle=Abortion%3A+A+Public+Health+Problem+in+Myanmar&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.aulast=Ba-Thike&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=9&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Health+Matters&rft.pages=94-100&rft.volume=5&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3775140&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fs0968-8080%2897%2990010-0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-barnhart-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-barnhart_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barnhart, Michael G. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jbe.gold.ac.uk/5/barnh981.html">Buddhism and the Morality of Abortion</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061212072421/http://jbe.gold.ac.uk/5/barnh981.html">存檔</a>，存档日期2006-12-12.. <i>Journal of Buddhist Ethics, 5.</i> Retrieved 10 August 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Human Flower Project. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.humanflowerproject.com/index.php/weblog/comments/mizuko_jizo/"><i>Mizuko Jizo</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180108174904/http://www.humanflowerproject.com/index.php/weblog/comments/mizuko_jizo/">存檔</a>，存档日期2018-01-08., Retrieved on 29 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-moskowitz2001-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-moskowitz2001_11-0"><sup><b>11.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-moskowitz2001_11-1"><sup><b>11.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Moskowitz, Marc L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121022064616/http://www.uhpress.hawaii.edu/p-2135-9780824824280.aspx">The Haunting Fetus: Abortion, Sexuality, and the Spirit World in Taiwan</a>. University of Hawaii Press. 2001 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-10-14</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-82482428-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-82482428-0"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-82482428-0</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uhpress.hawaii.edu/p-2135-9780824824280.aspx">原始内容</a>存档于2012-10-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&rft.aufirst=Marc+L.&rft.aulast=Moskowitz&rft.btitle=The+Haunting+Fetus%3A+Abortion%2C+Sexuality%2C+and+the+Spirit+World+in+Taiwan&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-82482428-0&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uhpress.hawaii.edu%2Fp-2135-9780824824280.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-winterton2001-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-winterton2001_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Winterton, Bradley. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2001/08/12/0000098297/1">Appeasing the ghosts of the unborn</a>. Taipei Times. 2001-08-12 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-10-14</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170227162900/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2001/08/12/0000098297/1">存档</a>于2017-02-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&rft.atitle=Appeasing+the+ghosts+of+the+unborn&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft.aulast=Winterton&rft.date=2001-08-12&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ffeat%2Farchives%2F2001%2F08%2F12%2F0000098297%2F1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jones2002-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jones2002_13-0"><sup><b>13.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jones2002_13-1"><sup><b>13.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles B. Jones, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=6656">Review of Moskowitz, Marc L., <i>The Haunting Fetus: Abortion, Sexuality, and the Spirit World in Taiwan.</i></a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170224123431/http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=6656">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） H-Buddhism, H-Net Reviews. August, 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shih2002-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shih2002_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Shih, Fang-Long. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_china-quarterly_2002-09_171/page/765">Review of <i>The Haunting Fetus: Abortion, Sexuality, and the Spirit World in Taiwan</i></a>. The China Quarterly. September 2002, (171): 765–767. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/4618793"><span title="JSTOR">JSTOR 4618793</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E&rft.atitle=Review+of+The+Haunting+Fetus%3A+Abortion%2C+Sexuality%2C+and+the+Spirit+World+in+Taiwan&rft.aufirst=Fang-Long&rft.aulast=Shih&rft.date=2002-09&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=171&rft.jtitle=The+China+Quarterly&rft.pages=765-767&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4618793&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_china-quarterly_2002-09_171%2Fpage%2F765&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98" title="Template:佛教主题"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:佛教主题（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:佛教主题"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="class=noviewer&#124;16x16px_佛教主题" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/16px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/24px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/32px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Portal:佛教">佛教主题</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛學大綱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E5%AD%B8%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛學大綱（页面不存在）">佛學大綱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of Buddhism</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="三宝 (佛教)">三宝</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E8%BF%A6%E7%89%9F%E5%B0%BC" title="释迦牟尼">佛</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E9%99%80%E5%90%8D%E8%99%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="佛陀名號列表">諸佛</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="法 (佛教)">法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%83%A7%E4%BC%BD" title="僧伽">僧</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E8%B0%9B" title="四谛">四圣谛</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A6_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="苦 (佛教)">苦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E8%B0%9B#集諦" title="四谛">集</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="滅諦" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nirodha"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AD%E8%B0%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="灭谛">滅</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirodha" class="extiw" title="en:Nirodha"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nirodha</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E8%B0%9B#道諦" title="四谛">道</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E8%81%96%E9%81%93%E5%88%86" title="八聖道分">八正道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%9B%A0%E7%BC%98" title="十二因缘">十二因缘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%8A" title="蘊">五蘊</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="色 (佛教)">色</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%97" title="受">受</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%B3_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="想 (佛教)">想</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E8%98%8A" title="行蘊">行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%98" title="識">識</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%95%8C" title="十八界">十八界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83" title="涅槃">涅槃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%A3%E8%B5%B7" title="緣起">緣起</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AD%B8" title="三學">三學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E5%AF%86" title="波羅密">波罗密</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%BA%A6" title="六度">六度</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B3%95%E5%8D%B0" title="三法印">三法印</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="空 (佛教)">空性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%A6%82_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="真如 (佛教)">真如</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%81%93_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="中道 (佛教)">中道</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E8%BF%A6%E7%89%9F%E5%B0%BC" title="释迦牟尼">釋迦牟尼佛</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B" title="佛">佛陀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%82%E6%9D%A5" title="如来">如来</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E8%AA%95" title="佛誕">佛誕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E9%96%80%E9%81%8A%E8%A7%80" title="四門遊觀">四門遊觀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%AB%E5%8D%81%E7%A8%AE%E5%A5%BD" title="三十二相八十種好">三十二相八十種好</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E8%B6%B3%E7%9F%B3" title="佛足石">足印</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛陀的神迹" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Miracles of Gautama Buddha"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E9%99%80%E7%9A%84%E7%A5%9E%E8%BF%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛陀的神迹（页面不存在）">神迹</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miracles_of_Gautama_Buddha" class="extiw" title="en:Miracles of Gautama Buddha"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Miracles of Gautama Buddha</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛陀的家庭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Family of Gautama Buddha"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E9%99%80%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%B6%E5%BA%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛陀的家庭（页面不存在）">家庭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_of_Gautama_Buddha" class="extiw" title="en:Family of Gautama Buddha"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Family of Gautama Buddha</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%80%E9%A5%AD%E7%8E%8B" title="净饭王">净饭王<small>（父亲）</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%80%B6%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA" title="摩耶夫人">摩耶夫人 <small>（母亲）</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%A8%B6%E6%B3%A2%E9%97%8D%E6%B3%A2%E6%8F%90" title="摩訶波闍波提">摩訶波闍波提<small>（姨母，庶母）</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E8%BE%93%E9%99%80%E7%BD%97" title="耶输陀罗">耶输陀罗 <small>（妻子）</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E7%9D%BA%E7%BD%97" title="罗睺罗">罗睺罗 <small>（儿子）</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%9A%BE" title="阿难">阿难 <small>（堂弟）</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%A9%86%E9%81%94%E5%A4%9A" title="提婆達多">提婆達多 <small>（堂弟）</small></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%">佛陀弟子</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BC%9F%E5%AD%90" title="十大弟子">十大弟子</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%BF%A6%E8%91%89" class="mw-redirect" title="大迦葉">大迦葉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%AE%E7%8A%8D%E9%80%A3" title="目犍連">目犍連</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E6%A8%93%E9%82%A3" title="富樓那">富樓那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%88%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90" class="mw-redirect" title="須菩提">須菩提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8D%E5%88%A9%E5%BC%97" title="舍利弗">舍利弗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E7%9D%BA%E7%BE%85" class="mw-redirect" title="羅睺羅">羅睺羅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%9B%A3%E9%99%80" class="mw-redirect" title="阿難陀">阿難陀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%AA%E5%A9%86%E9%9B%A2" title="優婆離">優婆離</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%82%A3%E5%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="阿那律">阿那律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%97%83%E5%BB%B6" title="迦旃延">迦旃延</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%AF%94%E4%B8%98" title="五比丘">五比丘</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%8B%A5%E6%86%8D%E9%99%88%E5%A6%82" title="阿若憍陈如">憍陳如</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%8B%E6%8F%90" title="跋提">跋提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%8B%E6%B3%A2" title="跋波">跋波</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%AA%AA%E7%A4%BA" title="阿說示">阿說示</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%A8%B6%E7%94%B7" title="摩訶男">摩訶男</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%88%A9%E6%A7%83%E7%89%B9" title="周利槃特">周利槃特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AE%E6%8E%98%E9%AD%94%E7%BE%85" title="央掘魔羅">央掘魔羅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%97%83%E5%BB%B6" title="迦旃延">迦旃延</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教人物列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of Buddhists"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教人物列表（页面不存在）">佛教人物列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Buddhists" class="extiw" title="en:List of Buddhists"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of Buddhists</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="佛教用语列表">术语</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%9B%B8_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="三相 (佛教)">三相</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%B8%B8_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="无常 (佛教)">无常</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A6_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="苦 (佛教)">苦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%88%91" title="非我">非我</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%A3%E8%B5%B7" title="緣起">緣起</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%8A" title="蘊">蕴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E6%9E%9C%E8%AE%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="因果论 (佛教)">因果论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E7%94%9F" title="結生">結生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AE%E5%9B%9E_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="轮回 (佛教)">轮回</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-disambig" title="行">行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A9%E6%83%B1_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="煩惱 (佛教)">烦恼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%98%8E" title="无明">无明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="愛 (佛教)">贪爱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E8%93%8B" title="五蓋">五蓋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="結 (佛教)">結</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="根 (佛教)">根</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E4%B8%8A%E6%AD%A3%E7%AD%89%E6%AD%A3%E8%A6%BA" title="無上正等正覺">無上正等正覺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AC%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83" title="般涅槃">般涅槃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%A6%82_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="真如 (佛教)">真如</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E8%AB%A6" title="二諦">二諦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="空 (佛教)">空性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E5%BF%83" title="菩提心">菩提心</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8" title="菩萨">菩萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%80%A7" title="佛性">佛性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E7%9B%B8%E7%BA%8C" title="心相續">心相續</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%86%E6%BB%A1" title="大圆满">大圆满</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%">倫理和世界觀</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教伦理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhist ethics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BC%A6%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教伦理（页面不存在）">佛教伦理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_ethics" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhist ethics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhist ethics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A8%E5%AE%B6%E7%9C%BE" title="在家眾">在家眾</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E5%A3%AB" title="居士">居士</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%AA%E5%A9%86%E5%A1%9E" title="優婆塞">優婆塞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%AA%E5%A9%86%E5%A4%B7" title="優婆夷">優婆夷</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E6%91%A9%E8%A9%B0%E6%89%80%E8%AA%AA%E7%B6%93" title="維摩詰所說經">维摩经</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E6%91%A9%E8%A9%B0%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="維摩詰菩薩">維摩詰菩薩</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E6%8E%88%E5%B0%B8%E8%BF%A6%E7%BE%85%E8%B6%8A%E7%B6%93" title="教授尸迦羅越經">善生經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E5%A3%AB%E6%88%92" title="居士戒">居士戒</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%88%92" title="五戒">五戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E9%97%9C%E9%BD%8B%E6%88%92" title="八關齋戒">八戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%96%84" title="十善">十善業戒</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9%E6%88%92" title="菩薩戒">菩薩戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E6%9E%9C%E8%AE%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="因果论 (佛教)">佛教因果論</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%AD_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="業 (佛教)">業與業力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%9B%A0%E4%BA%94%E6%9E%9C" title="六因五果">六因五果</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%88%91" title="非我">非我</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%B8%B8_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="无常 (佛教)">無常</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9%E9%81%93" title="菩薩道">菩薩道</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%88%E6%82%B2" title="慈悲">慈悲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%88%E6%96%BD" title="佈施">佈施</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AE%E5%9B%9E_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="轮回 (佛教)">轮回</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%89%E4%B8%96" title="轉世">轉世</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A1%E4%BA%BA%E8%90%BD%E9%81%93" title="亡人落道">亡人落道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%93%B6%E6%8E%A3%E7%B1%A4" title="金瓶掣籤">金瓶掣籤</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E5%8F%A4" title="祖古">活佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E4%B8%96%E7%81%B5%E7%AB%A5" title="转世灵童">转世灵童</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%95%8C" title="法界">法界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E9%96%93" title="世間">世間</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E4%B8%96%E9%96%93" title="出世間">出世間</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="大千世界">大千世界</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%91%E5%A9%86%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="娑婆世界">娑婆世界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BB%E5%BC%A5%E5%B1%B1" title="须弥山">须弥山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A7%E9%83%A8%E6%B4%B2" title="四大部洲">四大部洲</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E7%95%8C" title="十界">十法界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%95%8C_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="三界 (佛教)">三界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%B2%E7%95%8C" title="欲界">欲界</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%B2%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A9" title="欲界天">欲界天</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E9%81%93" title="六道">五道</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E9%81%93" title="六道">六道</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="天人 (佛教)">天道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%81%93_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="人道 (佛教)">人道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BF%AE%E7%BD%97_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="阿修罗 (佛教)">阿修罗道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A4%93%E9%AC%BC" title="餓鬼">餓鬼道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%9C%E7%94%9F" title="畜生">畜生道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%8D%84_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="地獄 (佛教)">地獄道</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="福德 (佛教)">功德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%80%A7" title="佛性">佛性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E4%BE%9B_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="法供 (佛教)">供养</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" title="Category:佛教神話">佛教神話</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教與暴力" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism and violence"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教與暴力（页面不存在）">佛教與暴力</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_and_violence" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism and violence"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism and violence</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">佛教與墮胎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E8%87%AA%E6%AE%BA" title="佛教與自殺">佛教與自盡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%8B%E9%A3%9F" title="斋食">斋食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E7%94%9F" title="放生">放生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%92%B0%E4%BF%9D%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="佛教環保運動">佛教環保運動</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教中的女性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Women in Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教中的女性（页面不存在）">佛教中的女性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:Women in Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Women in Buddhism</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E6%95%AC%E6%B3%95" title="八敬法">八敬法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%84%E5%A5%B3%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%A5%B3%E7%9C%BE%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="善女子佛教女眾國際協會">善女子佛教女眾國際協會</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教与身体" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism and the body"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E8%BA%AB%E4%BD%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教与身体（页面不存在）">佛教与身体</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_and_the_body" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism and the body"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism and the body</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教和性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism and sexuality"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%92%8C%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教和性（页面不存在）">佛教和性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_and_sexuality" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism and sexuality"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism and sexuality</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%88%80%E8%88%87%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="同性戀與佛教">同性戀與佛教</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="佛教经济学">佛教经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6" title="佛教哲学">佛教哲学</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教和西方哲学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism and Western philosophy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%92%8C%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教和西方哲学（页面不存在）">佛教和西方哲学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_and_Western_philosophy" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism and Western philosophy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism and Western philosophy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教和心理学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism and psychology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%92%8C%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教和心理学（页面不存在）">佛教和心理学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_and_psychology" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism and psychology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism and psychology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教和科学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism and science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%92%8C%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教和科学（页面不存在）">佛教和科学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_and_science" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism and science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism and science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%81%96%E5%9C%B0" title="佛教聖地">佛教聖地</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BF%AE%E8%A1%8C%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="佛教修行制度">修行制度</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E4%B8%98" title="比丘">比丘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E4%B8%98%E5%B0%BC" title="比丘尼">比丘尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%BD%8C" title="沙彌">沙彌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%BD%8C%E5%B0%BC" title="沙彌尼">沙彌尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E5%AE%B6%E7%9C%BE" title="出家眾">出家人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%9C" title="阿姜">阿姜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%9A" title="西亞多">西亞多</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%97%8F%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%88" title="三藏法师">三藏法师</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E5%B8%AB" title="禪師">禪師</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="老師 (禅宗)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rōshi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%80%81%E5%B8%AB_(%E7%A6%85%E5%AE%97)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="老師 (禅宗)（页面不存在）">老师</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%8Dshi" class="extiw" title="en:Rōshi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rōshi</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%87%E5%98%9B" title="喇嘛">喇嘛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E6%B3%A2%E5%88%87" title="仁波切">仁波切</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%A5%BF" title="格西">格西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E5%8F%A4" title="祖古">祖古</a>（活佛）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8" title="菩萨">菩萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A8%E5%AE%B6%E7%9C%BE" title="在家眾">在家眾</a>/ <a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E5%A3%AB" title="居士">居士</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%AA%E5%A9%86%E5%A1%9E" title="優婆塞">優婆塞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%AA%E5%A9%86%E5%A4%B7" title="優婆夷">優婆夷</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%B0%E9%97%BB" title="声闻">声闻</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BF%AE%E8%A1%8C%E6%B3%95%E9%96%80" title="Category:佛教修行法門">修行法门</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E8%AD%B7%E8%A1%9B%E7%A6%AA" title="四護衛禪">四護衛禪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%A2%B5%E4%BD%8F" title="四梵住">四梵住</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%88_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="慈 (佛教)">慈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%82%B2_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="悲 (佛教)">悲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%9C_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="喜 (佛教)">喜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%A8_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="捨 (佛教)">捨</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AD%B8" title="三學">三學</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%B8%E7%BE%85" title="尸羅">戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%91%A9%E5%9C%B0" title="三摩地">定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A7_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="慧 (佛教)">慧</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E5%88%86%E6%B3%95" title="三十七菩提分法">三十七菩提分法</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%8F" title="四念住">四念住</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%AD%A3%E5%8B%A4" title="四正勤">四正勤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A5%9E%E8%B6%B3" title="四神足">四神足</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="力 (佛教)">五力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E8%A6%BA%E6%94%AF" title="七覺支">七覺支</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E8%81%96%E9%81%93%E5%88%86" title="八聖道分">八正道</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E5%AF%86" title="波羅密">波罗密</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%88%E6%96%BD" title="佈施">佈施</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%B8%E7%BE%85" title="尸羅">持戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%8D_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="忍 (佛教)">忍辱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E8%BF%9B" title="精进">精进</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%9A" title="禪定">禪定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A7_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="慧 (佛教)">般若</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%88%E4%BE%9D" title="皈依">皈依</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E4%BE%9D%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%8D%E4%BE%9D" title="四依四不依">四依四不依</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="献身 (佛教)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhist devotion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%BA%AB_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="献身 (佛教)（页面不存在）">献身</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_devotion" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhist devotion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhist devotion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E6%9C%83" title="法會">法會</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="祭品 (佛教)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Offering (Buddhism)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%AD%E5%93%81_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="祭品 (佛教)（页面不存在）">祭品</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offering_(Buddhism)" class="extiw" title="en:Offering (Buddhism)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Offering (Buddhism)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="跪拜 (佛教)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Prostration (Buddhism)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AA%E6%8B%9C_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="跪拜 (佛教)（页面不存在）">跪拜</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostration_(Buddhism)" class="extiw" title="en:Prostration (Buddhism)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Prostration (Buddhism)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%B8%E7%BE%85" title="尸羅">持戒</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%88%92" title="五戒">五戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9%E6%88%92" title="菩薩戒">菩薩戒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E6%8F%90%E6%9C%A8%E5%8F%89" title="波羅提木叉">波羅提木叉</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="福德 (佛教)">功德</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="护卫经" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Paritta"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%A4%E5%8D%AB%E7%BB%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="护卫经（页面不存在）">护卫经</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paritta" class="extiw" title="en:Paritta"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Paritta</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E9%9B%A2" title="出離">出離</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="力 (佛教)">五学力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="信 (佛教)">信</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E5%AD%B8" title="禪學">禪學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%A6_(%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8)" title="諦 (印度哲學)">諦 (印度哲學)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%A6_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="諦 (佛教)">諦 (佛教)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%9A" title="禪定">禪定</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E6%80%9B%E7%BE%85" title="曼怛羅">曼怛羅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9A%E5%A4%84" title="业处">四十业处</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8F%E5%BF%B5" title="随念">随念</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E9%82%A3%E8%88%AC%E9%82%A3%E5%BF%B5" title="安那般那念">安那般那念</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A2%E6%91%A9%E4%BB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="奢摩他">奢摩他</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="觀 (佛教)">觀 (佛教)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%98%E7%85%A7%E7%A6%AA" title="默照禪">默照禪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E5%9D%90" class="mw-redirect" title="禪坐">禪坐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%A1%88" title="公案">公案</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E8%8D%BC%E7%BE%85" title="曼荼羅">曼荼羅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E4%BB%96%E4%BA%A4%E6%8F%9B%E6%B3%95" title="自他交換法">自他交換法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%9B%E7%89%B9%E7%BE%85%E5%AF%86%E6%95%99" title="怛特羅密教">怛特羅密教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E8%97%8F%E5%B8%AB" title="伏藏師">伏藏師</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E8%97%8F" title="伏藏">伏藏</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%9B" title="念佛">念佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E6%B3%95%E9%96%80" class="mw-redirect" title="淨土法門">淨土法門</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%8F%E6%82%94" title="忏悔">忏悔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A6%E8%A1%8C" title="苦行">苦行</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%AD%E9%99%80" class="mw-redirect" title="頭陀">頭陀</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E9%87%8F" title="現量">證量</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B" title="佛">佛陀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9F%E6%94%AF%E4%BD%9B" title="辟支佛">辟支佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9%E9%81%93#菩薩位階" title="菩薩道">菩萨位</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%90%91%E5%9B%9B%E6%9E%9C" title="四向四果">四向四果</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%88%E9%99%80%E6%B4%B9" title="須陀洹">須陀洹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%99%80%E5%90%AB" title="斯陀含">斯陀含</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%82%A3%E5%90%AB" title="阿那含">阿那含</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BD%97%E6%B1%89" title="阿罗汉">阿罗汉</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83" title="涅槃">涅槃</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AC%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83" title="般涅槃">般涅槃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%82%89%E5%9C%B0" title="悉地">悉地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E6%AC%A1%E7%AC%AC%E5%AE%9A" title="九次第定">九次第定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E9%80%9A" title="神通">神通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%8E%E5%85%AD%E9%80%9A" title="三明六通">三明六通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E4%BD%8D" title="果位">果位</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E8%BA%AB%E6%88%90%E4%BD%9B" title="即身成佛">即生成佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%89%E8%BA%AB%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="肉身菩薩">肉身菩薩</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%BB%8F" title="佛经">經典</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%97%8F" title="三藏">三藏</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E8%97%8F" title="经藏">经藏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8B%E8%97%8F" title="律藏">律藏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%96%E8%97%8F" title="論藏">論藏</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%BB%8F" title="大藏经">大藏经</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%88%A9%E4%B8%89%E8%97%8F" title="巴利三藏">巴利三藏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%AD%A3%E6%96%B0%E8%84%A9%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%B6%93" title="大正新脩大藏經">大正藏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E9%9A%86%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%B6%93" title="乾隆大藏經">乾隆大藏經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E6%96%87%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%BB%8F" title="藏文大藏经">藏文大藏经</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E6%9C%9F%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="初期佛教">原始佛教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%90%AB%E7%B6%93" title="阿含經">阿含經</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%9F%AF%E8%80%B6" title="尼柯耶">巴利經藏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%A5%E7%B6%93" title="法句經">法句經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E7%94%9F_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="本生 (佛教)">本生經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%88%86%E5%BE%8B" title="四分律">四分律</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%88%86%E5%BE%8B" title="五分律">五分律</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%88%A9%E5%BE%8B%E8%97%8F" title="巴利律藏">巴利律藏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%98%E9%81%94%E7%A3%A8" title="阿毘達磨">阿毘達磨</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘佛教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%9A%B4%E7%B6%93" title="華嚴經">華嚴經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E6%91%A9%E8%A9%B0%E6%89%80%E8%AA%AA%E7%B6%93" title="維摩詰所說經">維摩經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%88%AC%E8%8B%A5%E7%BB%8F" title="大般若经">大般若经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E7%B6%93" title="金剛經">金剛經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AC%E8%8B%A5%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E8%9C%9C%E5%A4%9A%E5%BF%83%E7%B6%93" title="般若波羅蜜多心經">心經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%A5%96%E5%9D%9B%E7%BB%8F" title="六祖坛经">六祖坛经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%99%E6%B3%95%E8%8E%B2%E5%8D%8E%E7%BB%8F" title="妙法莲华经">妙法莲华经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E4%BA%94%E7%B6%93%E4%B8%80%E8%AB%96" title="淨土五經一論">淨土三經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E7%B6%B2%E7%B6%93" class="mw-disambig" title="梵網經">梵網經</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">金剛乘佛教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E7%B6%93" title="大日經">大日經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E7%B6%93" title="金光明經">金光明經</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E5%88%86%E6%95%99" title="九分教">九分教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%88%86%E6%95%99" title="十二分教">十二分教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%88%A4" title="教判">判教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8F%B0%E5%AE%97%E5%88%A4%E6%95%99" title="天台宗判教">天台宗判教</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BE%E5%88%AB" title="佛教派别">流派與系統</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%B9%98" title="三乘">三乘</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%B0%E9%97%BB" title="声闻">聲聞乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9F%E6%94%AF%E4%BD%9B" title="辟支佛">緣覺乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9%E9%81%93" title="菩薩道">菩薩道</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BC%A0%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="南传菩萨道">南传菩萨道</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%BD%9B%E4%B9%98" title="一佛乘">一佛乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘佛教</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="小乘佛教">小乘佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="上座部佛教">上座部佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="北傳佛教">北傳佛教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="汉传佛教">漢傳大乘佛教</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E6%B4%BE" title="漢傳佛教宗派">十宗</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">漢傳密宗</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%AF%86" title="唐密">唐密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%AF%86" class="mw-redirect" title="东密">东密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%AF%86" class="mw-redirect" title="台密">台密</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E5%AE%97" title="禅宗">禅宗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97" title="淨土宗">淨土宗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%97" title="律宗">律宗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8F%B0%E5%AE%97" title="天台宗">天台宗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%9B%B8%E5%AE%97" title="法相宗">唯識宗</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="藏傳佛教">藏傳</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="藏傳密宗">金刚乘佛教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E7%8E%9B%E6%B4%BE" title="宁玛派">宁玛派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%99%B6%E8%88%89%E6%B4%BE" title="噶舉派">噶舉派</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="Category:佛教組織">佛教组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="佛教现代主义">佛教现代主义</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="佛教历史">歷史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E6%9C%9F%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="初期佛教">初期佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E6%B4%BE%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="部派佛教">部派佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="上座部佛教">上座部佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">金剛乘佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E9%9B%86" title="结集">結集</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%88%8D%E5%9F%8E%E7%B5%90%E9%9B%86" title="王舍城結集">第一次結集</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E7%BB%93%E9%9B%86" title="第二次结集">第二次结集</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E7%BB%93%E9%9B%86" title="第三次结集">第三次结集</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E7%BB%93%E9%9B%86" title="第四次结集">第四次结集</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8B" title="十事">十事非法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E6%9C%AC%E5%88%86%E8%A3%82" title="根本分裂">根本分裂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E9%9B%A3" title="法難">法難</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%AD%A6%E7%81%AD%E4%BD%9B" title="三武灭佛">三武一宗滅佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E9%9D%9E%E4%BD%9B%E8%AA%AA%E8%AB%96%E8%AB%8D" title="大乘非佛說論諍">大乘非佛說論諍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%AF%86" title="上座部佛教与大乘佛教的基本共识">上座部佛教与大乘佛教的基本共识</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%9C%9F%E6%B3%95%E8%BF%90" title="三期法运">三期法运</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%">地区/国别</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="南亞佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in South Asia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南亞佛教（页面不存在）">南亞佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_South_Asia" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in South Asia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in South Asia</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="印度佛教">印度佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="阿富汗佛教">阿富汗佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="孟加拉國佛教">孟加拉國佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E5%B0%94%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="尼泊尔佛教">尼泊尔佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="巴基斯坦佛教">巴基斯坦佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%8D%A1%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="斯里兰卡佛教">斯里兰卡佛教</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="东南亚佛教">东南亚佛教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="泰國佛教">泰國佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%AC%E7%94%B8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="緬甸佛教">緬甸佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AC%E5%9F%94%E5%AF%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="柬埔寨佛教">柬埔寨佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%AE%E5%9C%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="寮國佛教">寮國佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="越南佛教">越南佛教</a>中、南部</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%B0%BC%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="印尼佛教">印尼佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="马来西亚佛教">马来西亚佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="新加坡佛教">新加坡佛教</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="菲律宾佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in the Philippines"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%BE%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="菲律宾佛教（页面不存在）">菲律宾佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_the_Philippines" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in the Philippines"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in the Philippines</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="文莱佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in Brunei"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E8%8E%B1%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文莱佛教（页面不存在）">文莱佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_Brunei" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in Brunei"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in Brunei</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马尔代夫佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in the Maldives"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%A4%AB%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马尔代夫佛教（页面不存在）">马尔代夫佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_the_Maldives" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in the Maldives"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in the Maldives</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="東亞佛教">東亞佛教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="中国佛教">中国佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="日本佛教">日本佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="朝鲜佛教">朝鲜佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="台灣佛教">台灣佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="越南佛教">越南佛教</a>北部</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="藏傳佛教">藏地佛教</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="藏地佛教史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of Tibetan Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%8F%E5%9C%B0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藏地佛教史（页面不存在）">藏地佛教史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Tibetan_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:History of Tibetan Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of Tibetan Buddhism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E4%B8%B9%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="不丹佛教">不丹佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9C%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="蒙古國佛教">蒙古佛教</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="內蒙古宗教#佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Religion_in_Inner_Mongolia#Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A7%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="內蒙古宗教（页面不存在）">內蒙古佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Inner_Mongolia#Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:Religion in Inner Mongolia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Religion_in_Inner_Mongolia#Buddhism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="俄罗斯佛教">俄罗斯佛教</a>西、南部</li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中亞佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in Central Asia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%BA%9E%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中亞佛教（页面不存在）">中亞佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_Central_Asia" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in Central Asia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in Central Asia</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E8%8C%B2%E5%88%A5%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="烏茲別克斯坦佛教">烏茲別克斯坦佛教</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中东佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in the Middle East"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中东佛教（页面不存在）">中东佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_the_Middle_East" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in the Middle East"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in the Middle East</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="伊朗佛教">伊朗佛教</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">西方佛教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="美国佛教">美国佛教</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="英国佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in the United Kingdom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国佛教（页面不存在）">英国佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in the United Kingdom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in the United Kingdom</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法国佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in France"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法国佛教（页面不存在）">法国佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_France" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in France"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in France</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="比利时佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in Belgium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="比利时佛教（页面不存在）">比利时佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_Belgium" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in Belgium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in Belgium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="澳大利亚佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in Australia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="澳大利亚佛教（页面不存在）">澳大利亚佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_Australia" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in Australia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in Australia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿根廷佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in Argentina"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿根廷佛教（页面不存在）">阿根廷佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_Argentina" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in Argentina"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in Argentina</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴西佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in Brazil"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴西佛教（页面不存在）">巴西佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_Brazil" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in Brazil"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in Brazil</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="委内瑞拉佛教" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhism in Venezuela"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%94%E5%86%85%E7%91%9E%E6%8B%89%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="委内瑞拉佛教（页面不存在）">委内瑞拉佛教</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_Venezuela" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhism in Venezuela"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhism in Venezuela</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%">藝術</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="佛教藝術">佛教藝術</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教象征符号" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhist symbolism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%B1%A1%E5%BE%81%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教象征符号（页面不存在）">符号</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_symbolism" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhist symbolism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhist symbolism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教建築" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhist architecture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教建築（页面不存在）">佛教建築</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_architecture" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhist architecture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhist architecture</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%AF%BA" title="佛寺">寺院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" title="日本佛教建築">日本佛教建築</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="藏地佛教建築" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tibetan Buddhist architecture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%8F%E5%9C%B0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藏地佛教建築（页面不存在）">藏地佛教建築</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhist_architecture" class="extiw" title="en:Tibetan Buddhist architecture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tibetan Buddhist architecture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="佛教音樂">佛教音樂</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E5%94%84" title="梵唄">梵唄</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%99%A8" title="法器">法器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%83%8F" title="佛像">佛像</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E9%9B%95%E5%A1%91" title="中国佛教雕塑">中国佛教雕塑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E8%B6%B3%E7%9F%B3" title="佛足石">佛足石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E9%A2%98%E6%9D%90%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81" title="Category:佛教题材作品">佛教題材作品</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E8%8A%82" title="Category:佛教电影节">佛教電影節</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#ffeec2;"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="上座部佛教"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Buddhism_dham_jak.gif/20px-Buddhism_dham_jak.gif" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Buddhism_dham_jak.gif/30px-Buddhism_dham_jak.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Buddhism_dham_jak.gif/40px-Buddhism_dham_jak.gif 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛學大綱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E5%AD%B8%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛學大綱（页面不存在）">提纲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of Buddhism</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Category:佛教">分类</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="佛教用语列表">詞表</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="汉传佛教"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/20px-Dharma_Wheel.gif" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/30px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/40px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教相关條目索引" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Index of Buddhism-related articles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教相关條目索引（页面不存在）">索引</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_Buddhism-related_articles" class="extiw" title="en:Index of Buddhism-related articles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Index of Buddhism-related articles</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Buddhism" class="extiw" title="commons:Special:Search/Buddhism"><b>共享</b></a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Buddhism" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/Buddhism"><b>语录</b></a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="藏传佛教"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Tibetian_Wheel.gif/20px-Tibetian_Wheel.gif" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Tibetian_Wheel.gif/30px-Tibetian_Wheel.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Tibetian_Wheel.gif/40px-Tibetian_Wheel.gif 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="人工流产" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Abortion" title="Template:Abortion"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Abortion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Abortion（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Abortion" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Abortion"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="人工流产" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7" title="人工流产">人工流产</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主要議題</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="墮胎的定義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Definitions of abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="墮胎的定義（页面不存在）">定義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definitions_of_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Definitions of abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Definitions of abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="流产史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="流产史（页面不存在）">流产史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:History of abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Methods_of_abortion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Methods of abortion（页面不存在）">流产方法</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="墮胎辯論" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abortion debate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E%E8%BE%AF%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="墮胎辯論（页面不存在）">墮胎辯論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_debate" class="extiw" title="en:Abortion debate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abortion debate</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="堕胎辩论的哲学层面" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Philosophical aspects of the abortion debate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E8%BE%A9%E8%AE%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%B1%82%E9%9D%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="堕胎辩论的哲学层面（页面不存在）">哲學层面</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_aspects_of_the_abortion_debate" class="extiw" title="en:Philosophical aspects of the abortion debate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Philosophical aspects of the abortion debate</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="堕胎的法律" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abortion law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="堕胎的法律（页面不存在）">堕胎的法律</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_law" class="extiw" title="en:Abortion law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abortion law</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">運動</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="堕胎权利运动" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abortion-rights movements"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="堕胎权利运动（页面不存在）">堕胎权利运动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion-rights_movements" class="extiw" title="en:Abortion-rights movements"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abortion-rights movements</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="反堕胎运动">反堕胎运动</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">問題</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="堕胎与心理健康" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abortion and mental health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E4%B8%8E%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="堕胎与心理健康（页面不存在）">堕胎与心理健康</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_and_mental_health" class="extiw" title="en:Abortion and mental health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abortion and mental health</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="人类人格的开始" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beginning of human personhood"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E4%BA%BA%E6%A0%BC%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%80%E5%A7%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="人类人格的开始（页面不存在）">人类人格的开始</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beginning_of_human_personhood" class="extiw" title="en:Beginning of human personhood"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beginning of human personhood</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="怀孕之初争议" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beginning of pregnancy controversy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%80%E5%AD%95%E4%B9%8B%E5%88%9D%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="怀孕之初争议（页面不存在）">怀孕之初争议</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beginning_of_pregnancy_controversy" class="extiw" title="en:Beginning of pregnancy controversy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beginning of pregnancy controversy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E-%E4%B9%B3%E8%85%BA%E7%99%8C%E5%81%87%E8%AF%B4" title="堕胎-乳腺癌假说">堕胎-乳腺癌假说</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="反堕胎暴力" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Anti-abortion violence"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反堕胎暴力（页面不存在）">反堕胎暴力</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-abortion_violence" class="extiw" title="en:Anti-abortion violence"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Anti-abortion violence</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="共产主义下的堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abortion under communism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%B8%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="共产主义下的堕胎（页面不存在）">共产主义下的堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_under_communism" class="extiw" title="en:Abortion under communism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abortion under communism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="生育控制">生育控制</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="危重妊娠中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Crisis pregnancy center"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B1%E9%87%8D%E5%A6%8A%E5%A8%A0%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="危重妊娠中心（页面不存在）">危重妊娠中心</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_pregnancy_center" class="extiw" title="en:Crisis pregnancy center"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Crisis pregnancy center</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E%E7%88%AD%E8%AD%B0" title="墮胎爭議">墮胎爭議</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%AA%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="優生學">優生學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="胎儿权益" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fetal rights"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%8E%E5%84%BF%E6%9D%83%E7%9B%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="胎儿权益（页面不存在）">胎儿权益</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_rights" class="extiw" title="en:Fetal rights"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fetal rights</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="强制堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Forced abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%BA%E5%88%B6%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="强制堕胎（页面不存在）">强制堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Forced abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Forced abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="基因与流产" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Genetics and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E4%B8%8E%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基因与流产（页面不存在）">基因与流产</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Genetics and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Genetics and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="晚期流产" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Late-term abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%9A%E6%9C%9F%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="晚期流产（页面不存在）">晚期流产</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late-term_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Late-term abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Late-term abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="堕胎合法化与犯罪效果" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Legalized abortion and crime effect"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%8E%E7%8A%AF%E7%BD%AA%E6%95%88%E6%9E%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="堕胎合法化与犯罪效果（页面不存在）">堕胎合法化与犯罪效果</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalized_abortion_and_crime_effect" class="extiw" title="en:Legalized abortion and crime effect"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Legalized abortion and crime effect</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自由主义对堕胎的看法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Libertarian perspectives on abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%AF%B9%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E7%9A%84%E7%9C%8B%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自由主义对堕胎的看法（页面不存在）">自由主义对堕胎的看法</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_perspectives_on_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Libertarian perspectives on abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Libertarian perspectives on abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生存极限" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Limit of viability"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%98%E6%9E%81%E9%99%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生存极限（页面不存在）">生存极限</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limit_of_viability" class="extiw" title="en:Limit of viability"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Limit of viability</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E8%90%A8%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="马尔萨斯主义">马尔萨斯主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B7%E6%9D%83%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="男权运动">男权运动</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="未成年人与堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Minors and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AA%E6%88%90%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E4%B8%8E%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="未成年人与堕胎（页面不存在）">未成年人与堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minors_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Minors and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Minors and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Natalism" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Natalism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natalism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natalism（页面不存在）">Natalism</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natalism" class="extiw" title="en:Natalism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Natalism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E5%AD%A9%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="一孩政策">一孩政策</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="父权与堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Paternal rights and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%B6%E6%9D%83%E4%B8%8E%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="父权与堕胎（页面不存在）">父权与堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternal_rights_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Paternal rights and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Paternal rights and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="流产后护理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Post-abortion care"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7%E5%90%8E%E6%8A%A4%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="流产后护理（页面不存在）">流产后护理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-abortion_care" class="extiw" title="en:Post-abortion care"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Post-abortion care</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A7%E5%89%8D%E5%8F%91%E8%82%B2" title="产前发育">产前发育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E6%9D%83" title="生育权">生育权</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7" title="人工流产">人工流产</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="性别选择性流产" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sex-selective abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A7%E5%88%AB%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="性别选择性流产（页面不存在）">性别选择性流产</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex-selective_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Sex-selective abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sex-selective abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Sidewalk counseling" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sidewalk counseling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidewalk_counseling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sidewalk counseling（页面不存在）">Sidewalk counseling</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidewalk_counseling" class="extiw" title="en:Sidewalk counseling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sidewalk counseling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社会对堕胎的态度" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Societal attitudes towards abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AF%B9%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%80%81%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社会对堕胎的态度（页面不存在）">社会对堕胎的态度</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Societal_attitudes_towards_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Societal attitudes towards abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Societal attitudes towards abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社会主义视角下的堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Socialist perspectives on abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%92%E4%B8%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社会主义视角下的堕胎（页面不存在）">社会主义视角下的堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_perspectives_on_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Socialist perspectives on abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Socialist perspectives on abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="因医疗原因终止合同" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Termination for medical reasons"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%A0%E5%8C%BB%E7%96%97%E5%8E%9F%E5%9B%A0%E7%BB%88%E6%AD%A2%E5%90%88%E5%90%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="因医疗原因终止合同（页面不存在）">因医疗原因终止合同</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termination_for_medical_reasons" class="extiw" title="en:Termination for medical reasons"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Termination for medical reasons</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="毒性流产" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Toxic abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="毒性流产（页面不存在）">毒性流产</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Toxic abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Toxic abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="不安全堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Unsafe abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不安全堕胎（页面不存在）">不安全堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsafe_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Unsafe abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Unsafe abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E6%AC%8A%E5%88%A9" title="女性權利">女性權利</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">按國家/地區</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">亞洲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E" title="中国堕胎">中国堕胎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E" title="韩国堕胎">韩国堕胎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E6%AC%8A" title="阿拉伯聯合大公國人權">阿拉伯聯合大公國人權</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">北美洲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E" title="美國墮胎">美國墮胎</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="墮胎法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abortion law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="墮胎法（页面不存在）">法律</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_law" class="extiw" title="en:Abortion law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abortion law</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Abortion_case_law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Abortion case law（页面不存在）">Case law</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Abortion_constitutional_law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Abortion constitutional law（页面不存在）">Constitutional law</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="流产史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="流产史（页面不存在）">流产史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:History of abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="堕胎法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abortion law"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="堕胎法（页面不存在）">堕胎法</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_law" class="extiw" title="en:Abortion law"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abortion law</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="堕胎的法律保护" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Legal protection of access to abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="堕胎的法律保护（页面不存在）">堕胎的法律保护</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_protection_of_access_to_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Legal protection of access to abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Legal protection of access to abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="出于良心反对堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Conscientious objection to abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%BA%E4%BA%8E%E8%89%AF%E5%BF%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%AF%B9%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="出于良心反对堕胎（页面不存在）">出于良心反对堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conscientious_objection_to_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Conscientious objection to abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Conscientious objection to abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="胎儿权益" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fetal rights"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%8E%E5%84%BF%E6%9D%83%E7%9B%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="胎儿权益（页面不存在）">胎儿权益</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_rights" class="extiw" title="en:Fetal rights"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fetal rights</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E8%B7%B3%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88" title="心跳法案">心跳法案</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E6%83%85%E5%90%8C%E6%84%8F" title="知情同意">知情同意</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="晚期流产" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Late-term abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%9A%E6%9C%9F%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="晚期流产（页面不存在）">晚期流产</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late-term_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Late-term abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Late-term abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="未成年人和堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Minors and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AA%E6%88%90%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E5%92%8C%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="未成年人和堕胎（页面不存在）">未成年人和堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minors_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Minors and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Minors and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="父权与堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Paternal rights and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%B6%E6%9D%83%E4%B8%8E%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="父权与堕胎（页面不存在）">父权与堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternal_rights_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Paternal rights and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Paternal rights and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">方法</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真空抽吸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vacuum aspiration"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA%E6%8A%BD%E5%90%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真空抽吸（页面不存在）">真空抽吸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_aspiration" class="extiw" title="en:Vacuum aspiration"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vacuum aspiration</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="扩张和排泄" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dilation and evacuation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%A9%E5%BC%A0%E5%92%8C%E6%8E%92%E6%B3%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="扩张和排泄（页面不存在）">扩张和排泄</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilation_and_evacuation" class="extiw" title="en:Dilation and evacuation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dilation and evacuation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="刮宫术" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dilation and curettage"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%AE%E5%AE%AB%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="刮宫术（页面不存在）">刮宫术</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilation_and_curettage" class="extiw" title="en:Dilation and curettage"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dilation and curettage</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="完整扩张和提取" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Intact dilation and extraction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8C%E6%95%B4%E6%89%A9%E5%BC%A0%E5%92%8C%E6%8F%90%E5%8F%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="完整扩张和提取（页面不存在）">完整扩张和提取</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intact_dilation_and_extraction" class="extiw" title="en:Intact dilation and extraction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Intact dilation and extraction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="子宫切除术流产" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hysterotomy abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%90%E5%AE%AB%E5%88%87%E9%99%A4%E6%9C%AF%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="子宫切除术流产（页面不存在）">子宫切除术流产</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysterotomy_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Hysterotomy abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hysterotomy abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="滴注流产" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Instillation abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BB%B4%E6%B3%A8%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="滴注流产（页面不存在）">滴注流产</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instillation_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Instillation abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Instillation abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="月经提取" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Menstrual extraction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%BB%8F%E6%8F%90%E5%8F%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月经提取（页面不存在）">月经提取</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstrual_extraction" class="extiw" title="en:Menstrual extraction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Menstrual extraction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%AF%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7" title="药物流产">药物流产</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="堕胎药" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abortifacient"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E%E8%8D%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="堕胎药（页面不存在）">堕胎药</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortifacient" class="extiw" title="en:Abortifacient"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abortifacient</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E7%94%B2%E8%9D%B6%E5%91%A4" title="氨甲蝶呤">氨甲蝶呤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%8D%E5%9F%B9%E9%85%AE" title="美服培酮">美服培酮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E7%B4%A2%E5%89%8D%E5%88%97%E9%86%87" title="米索前列醇">米索前列醇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E4%BA%A7%E7%B4%A0" title="催产素">催产素</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自我流产" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Self-induced abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自我流产（页面不存在）">自我流产</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-induced_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Self-induced abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Self-induced abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="不安全流产" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Unsafe abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E6%B5%81%E4%BA%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不安全流产（页面不存在）">不安全流产</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsafe_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Unsafe abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Unsafe abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="墮胎方法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Religion and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A2%AE%E8%83%8E%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="墮胎方法（页面不存在）">方法</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Religion and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Religion and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">佛教與墮胎</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="基督教与堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Christianity and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="基督教与堕胎（页面不存在）">基督教与堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Christianity and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Christianity and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="天主教会和堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Catholic Church and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天主教会和堕胎（页面不存在）">天主教会和堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Catholic Church and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Catholic Church and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度教与堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hinduism and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度教与堕胎（页面不存在）">印度教与堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Hinduism and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hinduism and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯兰教与堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Islam and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯兰教与堕胎（页面不存在）">伊斯兰教与堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Islam and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Islam and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犹太教与堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Judaism and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教与堕胎（页面不存在）">犹太教与堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Judaism and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Judaism and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="山达基教与堕胎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Scientology and abortion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B1%B1%E8%BE%BE%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%A0%95%E8%83%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="山达基教与堕胎（页面不存在）">山达基教与堕胎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientology_and_abortion" class="extiw" title="en:Scientology and abortion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Scientology and abortion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" 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