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</div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Chinese-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Chinese subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Chinese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Glyph_origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Glyph_origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Glyph origin </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glyph_origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_1" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_1"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Etymology 1 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_1-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronunciation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 Pronunciation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="disambig-see-also">See also: <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E" title="济">济</a> and <a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%88" title="済">済</a></div> <table class="wikitable floatright character-info" style="width:25em;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 70px;" colspan="2"><table><tbody><tr><td>濟</td><td> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://util.unicode.org/UnicodeJsps/character.jsp?a=6FDF">U+6FDF</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references" class="extiw" title="w:List of XML and HTML character entity references">&#28639;</a> <div class="character-sample-name">CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6FDF</div></td></tr></tbody></table><table style="width:100%;font-size:80%;white-space:nowrap"><tbody><tr><td style="width:50%;text-align:left"></td><td style="width:50%;text-align:right"></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td style="width:20%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9E" title="濞">← 濞 [U+6FDE]</a> </td><td style="width:60%;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Unicode/CJK_Unified_Ideographs" title="Appendix:Unicode/CJK Unified Ideographs">CJK Unified Ideographs</a> </td><td style="width:20%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%A0" title="濠">濠 → [U+6FE0]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75637847">.mw-parser-output .character-sample{display:inline-block;min-width:1em;font-size:300%;text-align:center;background:rgb(0,0,0);background:rgba(0,0,0,0.1)}.mw-parser-output .character-sample>:only-child{display:block}.mw-parser-output .character-sample-primary{display:inline-table;min-width:1.1em;font-size:300%;line-height:110%;text-align:center;background:rgb(0,0,0);background:rgba(0,0,0,0.1);height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .character-sample-secondary{display:inline-block;min-width:1em;text-align:center}</style> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Translingual">Translingual</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Translingual">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable floatright"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding:8px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Traditional Chinese">Traditional</a> </th> <td style="padding:8px; font-size:200%; line-height:1;">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="padding:8px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinjitai" class="extiw" title="w:Shinjitai">Shinjitai</a> </th> <td style="padding:8px; font-size:200%; line-height:1;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%88#Japanese" title="済">済</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="padding:8px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Simplified Chinese">Simplified</a> </th> <td style="padding:8px; font-size:200%; line-height:1;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="济">济</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Han_character">Han character</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Han character">edit</a>]</div> 濟 (<a href="/wiki/Kangxi_radical" title="Kangxi radical">Kangxi radical</a> 85, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_radical/%E6%B0%B4" title="Appendix:Chinese radical/水">水</a>+14, 17 strokes, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_Cangjie" title="Appendix:Chinese Cangjie">cangjie input</a> 水卜難 (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_Cangjie/e" class="mw-redirect" title="Appendix:Chinese Cangjie/e">EYX</a>), <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_four_corner" title="Appendix:Chinese four corner">four-corner</a> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_four_corner/3" title="Appendix:Chinese four corner/3">30123</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_character_description_languages#Ideographic_Description_Sequences" class="extiw" title="w:Chinese character description languages">composition</a> ⿰<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B5#Translingual" title="氵">氵</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A#Translingual" title="齊">齊</a>) <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_characters">Derived characters</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Derived characters">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AB%AC%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𫬵 (page does not exist)">𫬵</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Related_characters">Related characters</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Related characters">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%88#Translingual" title="済">済</a> (Japanese <a href="/wiki/shinjitai" title="shinjitai">shinjitai</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E#Translingual" title="济">济</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese" title="Simplified Chinese">Simplified Chinese</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Kangxi Dictionary: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kangxizidian.com/v1/index.php?page=656">page 656</a>, character 1</li> <li>Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18498</li> <li>Dae Jaweon: page 1066, character 9</li> <li>Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1771, character 12</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/cgi-bin/GetUnihanData.pl?codepoint=6FDF">Unihan data for U+6FDF</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chinese">Chinese</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Chinese">edit</a>]</div> <table class="floatright" style="clear: right;margin: 1em 0 1em 1em;border-collapse: collapse;text-align: center"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding: 0.5em;border: 1px solid #aaa;background: var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff);font-weight: normal;font-size: smaller;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese" title="Traditional Chinese">trad.</a> </th> <td style="padding: 0.5em; background-color:var(--wikt-palette-white, #ffffff);border-right: 1px solid #aaa;border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size:x-large" lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="padding: 0.5em;border: 1px solid #aaa;background: var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff);font-weight: normal;font-size: smaller;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese" title="Simplified Chinese">simp.</a> </th> <td style="padding: 0.5em; background-color:var(--wikt-palette-white, #ffffff);border-right: 1px solid #aaa;border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size:x-large" lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="济">济</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="padding: 0.5em;border: 1px solid #aaa;background: var(--wikt-palette-palegreen, #e2f6e2);font-weight: normal;font-size: smaller;" colspan="2">alternative forms </th> <td style="padding: 0.5em; background-color:var(--wikt-palette-white, #ffffff);border-right: 1px solid #aaa;border: 1px solid #aaa; font-; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; border-right: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa" colspan="1"><div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="Chinese alternative forms"><div class="vsShow"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%88#Chinese" title="済">済</a> <a href="/wiki/%E3%B4%89#Chinese" title="㴉">㴉</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A3%B3%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𣳵 (page does not exist)">𣳵</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A3%B8%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𣸓 (page does not exist)">𣸓</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A3%BA%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𣺴 (page does not exist)">𣺴</a></div><div class="vsHide"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%88#Chinese" title="済">済</a> <a href="/wiki/%E3%B4%89#Chinese" title="㴉">㴉</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A3%B3%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𣳵 (page does not exist)">𣳵</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A3%B8%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𣸓 (page does not exist)">𣸓</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A3%BA%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𣺴 (page does not exist)">𣺴</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%A4%80%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𤀮 (page does not exist)">𤀮</a></div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Glyph_origin">Glyph origin</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Glyph origin">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame" style="border:0px; max-width: 37em; text-align:center;"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey, #9e9e9e); background-color:var(--wikt-palette-indigo, #aaaaee); text-align:center;">Characters in the same <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/phonetic_series" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/phonetic series">phonetic series</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A" title="齊">齊</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/references" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/references">Zhengzhang, 2003</a>)  </div><div class="NavContent"> <table class="wikitable zh-glyph" style="margin-top: 0; width: 100%; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th align="center"> </th> <th>Old Chinese </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%95#Chinese" title="儕">儕</a> </td> <td>*zriːl </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A1#Chinese" title="麡">麡</a> </td> <td>*zriːl, *ʔsliːl, *zliːl </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8B#Chinese" title="齋">齋</a> </td> <td>*ʔsriːl </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%A7#Chinese" title="穧">穧</a> </td> <td>*ʔsleds, *ʔsliːls, *zliːls </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%93%A0#Chinese" title="擠">擠</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BA%8B#Chinese" title="躋">躋</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8F#Chinese" title="齏">齏</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːl </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8E#Chinese" title="齎">齎</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːl, *ʔslil </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AB%85#Chinese" title="櫅">櫅</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːl </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8C#Chinese" title="齌">齌</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːl, *sʰliːl, *zliːls </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%AE#Chinese" title="隮">隮</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%B7#Chinese" title="賷">賷</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːl </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%80#Chinese" title="虀">虀</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːl </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Chinese">濟</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːlʔ, *ʔsliːls </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%A0#Chinese" title="癠">癠</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːlʔ, *zliːl, *zliːlʔ, *zliːls </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%BD#Chinese" title="霽">霽</a> </td> <td>*ʔsliːls </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A#Chinese" title="齊">齊</a> </td> <td>*zliːl, *zliːls </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%8D#Chinese" title="臍">臍</a> </td> <td>*zliːl </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A0%90#Chinese" title="蠐">蠐</a> </td> <td>*zliːl, *zlil </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%87%A0#Chinese" title="懠">懠</a> </td> <td>*zliːl, *zliːls </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%BA#Chinese" title="薺">薺</a> </td> <td>*zliːlʔ, *zlil </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%AD#Chinese" title="鱭">鱭</a> </td> <td>*zliːlʔ </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9A%8C#Chinese" title="嚌">嚌</a> </td> <td>*zliːls </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%91#Chinese" title="劑">劑</a> </td> <td>*zliːls, *ʔslel </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8D#Chinese" title="齍">齍</a> </td> <td>*ʔslil </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <a href="/wiki/phonosemantic" title="phonosemantic">Phono-semantic</a> compound (<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E8%81%B2#Chinese" title="形聲">形聲</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E5%A3%B0#Chinese" title="形声">形声</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Old Chinese">OC</a> *ʔsliːlʔ, *ʔsliːls) : semantic <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4#Chinese" title="水">水</a> (“water”) + phonetic <a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A#Chinese" title="齊">齊</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Old Chinese">OC</a> *zliːl, *zliːls). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1">Etymology 1</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Etymology 1">edit</a>]</div> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austroasiatic_languages" class="extiw" title="w:Austroasiatic languages">Austroasiatic</a>. Base form, without nominal n-infix, of <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF#Chinese" title="西">西</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Old Chinese">OC</a> *snə̂i) (<a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/references#S" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/references">Schuessler, 2007</a>). See there for etymology. <a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%A5#Chinese" title="津">津</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Old Chinese">OC</a> *ʔslin) is its n-nominalized derivative (ibid.). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Pronunciation">edit</a>]</div> <div class="standard-box zhpron" style="overflow:auto; max-width:500px; font-size:100%"><div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Pinyin">Pinyin</a>): <a href="/wiki/j%C3%AC" title="jì">jì</a> (<a href="/wiki/ji4" title="ji4">ji4</a>)</dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuyin" class="extiw" title="w:Zhuyin">Zhuyin</a>): ㄐㄧˋ</dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese">Cantonese</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping" class="extiw" title="w:Jyutping">Jyutping</a>): <a href="/wiki/zai3" title="zai3">zai3</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sixian dialect">Sixian</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pha%CC%8Dk-fa-s%E1%B9%B3" class="extiw" title="w:Pha̍k-fa-sṳ">PFS</a>): chi</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Eastern Min">Eastern Min</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Eastern_Min" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Eastern Min">BUC</a>): cá̤</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Southern Min">Southern Min</a> <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a>): <a href="/wiki/ch%C3%A8#Hokkien" title="chè">chè</a></dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Teochew dialect">Teochew</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peng%27im" class="extiw" title="w:Peng'im">Peng'im</a>): zi3</dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Wu Chinese">Wu</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghai dialect">Shanghai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Wu" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Wu">Wugniu</a>): 5ci</li></ul> <div class="vsHide" style="clear:right;"> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Standard Chinese">Standard Chinese</a>)<abbr title="Add Mandarin homophones"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module%3Azh%2Fdata%2Fcmn-hom%2F2&action=edit">+</a></abbr> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a>: <a href="/wiki/j%C3%AC#Mandarin" title="jì">jì</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuyin" class="extiw" title="w:Zhuyin">Zhuyin</a>: ㄐㄧˋ</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongyong_Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Tongyong Pinyin">Tongyong Pinyin</a>: jì</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" class="extiw" title="w:Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a>: chi4</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Mandarin">Yale</a>: jì</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwoyeu_Romatzyh" class="extiw" title="w:Gwoyeu Romatzyh">Gwoyeu Romatzyh</a>: jih</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillization_of_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Cyrillization of Chinese">Palladius</a>: цзи (czi)</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Mandarin_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Mandarin pronunciation">key</a>): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese">Cantonese</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Standard Cantonese">Standard Cantonese</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Guangzhou Cantonese">Guangzhou</a>–<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Hong Kong Cantonese">Hong Kong</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping" class="extiw" title="w:Jyutping">Jyutping</a>: zai3</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale</a>: jai</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese Pinyin">Cantonese Pinyin</a>: dzai3</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization" class="extiw" title="w:Guangdong Romanization">Guangdong Romanization</a>: zei3</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_phonology" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese phonology">key</a>): /t͡sɐi̯³³/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Hakka" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Hakka">Hakka</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sixian dialect">Sixian</a>, incl. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miaoli_City" class="extiw" title="w:Miaoli City">Miaoli</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neipu" class="extiw" title="w:Neipu">Neipu</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pha%CC%8Dk-fa-s%E1%B9%B3" class="extiw" title="w:Pha̍k-fa-sṳ">Pha̍k-fa-sṳ</a>: chi</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hakka_Romanization_System" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hakka Romanization System">Hakka Romanization System</a>: ji</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagfa_Pinyim" class="extiw" title="w:Hagfa Pinyim">Hagfa Pinyim</a>: ji4</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>: /t͡si⁵⁵/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Eastern Min">Eastern Min</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Eastern_Min" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Eastern Min">Bàng-uâ-cê</a>: cá̤</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fuzhou dialect">key</a>): /t͡sɑ²¹³/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Southern Min">Southern Min</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinjiang,_Fujian" class="extiw" title="w:Jinjiang, Fujian">Jinjiang</a>, General <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Taiwanese</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>: <a href="/wiki/ch%C3%A8#Hokkien" title="chè">chè</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a>: tsè</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phofsit_Daibuun" class="extiw" title="w:Phofsit Daibuun">Phofsit Daibuun</a>: zex</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaohsiung" class="extiw" title="w:Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung</a>): /t͡se²¹/</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinjiang,_Fujian" class="extiw" title="w:Jinjiang, Fujian">Jinjiang</a>): /t͡se⁴¹/</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taipei" class="extiw" title="w:Taipei">Taipei</a>): /t͡se¹¹/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Teochew dialect">Teochew</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peng%27im" class="extiw" title="w:Peng'im">Peng'im</a>: zi3</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>-like: tsì</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%BD%AE%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1#語音" class="extiw" title="w:zh:潮州話">key</a>): /t͡si²¹³/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Wu Chinese">Wu</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taihu_Wu" class="extiw" title="w:Taihu Wu">Northern</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghai dialect">Shanghai</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Wu" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Wu">Wugniu</a>: 5ci</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Wu" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Wu">MiniDict</a>: ci去</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Wu" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Wu">Wiktionary Romanisation</a> (Shanghai): 2ji</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghai dialect">Shanghai</a>): /t͡ɕi³⁴/</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div> <hr style="clear:right;" /> <div style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #ebf4ff); margin: 0 -5px -5px; padding: 0 5px 5px;"> <div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">Middle Chinese</a>: tsejH</li></ul> <div class="vsHide"> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="2">Rime </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Character </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Reading # </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">2/2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Initial (聲) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Middle_Chinese#Initials" title="Appendix:Middle Chinese">精</a> (13) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Final (韻) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Middle_Chinese#Finals" title="Appendix:Middle Chinese">齊</a> (39) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Tone (調) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">Departing (H) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Openness (開合) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">Open </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Division (等) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">IV </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanqie" class="extiw" title="w:Fanqie">Fanqie</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90" title="子">子</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%88" title="計">計</a>切 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baxter%27s_transcription_for_Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Baxter's transcription for Middle Chinese">Baxter</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">tsejH </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="2">Reconstructions </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengzhang_Shangfang" class="extiw" title="w:Zhengzhang Shangfang">Zhengzhang Shangfang</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡seiH/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_Wuyun" class="extiw" title="w:Pan Wuyun">Pan Wuyun</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡seiH/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%82%B5%E8%8D%A3%E8%8A%AC" class="extiw" title="w:zh:邵荣芬">Shao Rongfen</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡sɛiH/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_G._Pulleyblank" class="extiw" title="w:Edwin G. Pulleyblank">Edwin Pulleyblank</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡sɛjH/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Rong_(linguist)" class="extiw" title="w:Li Rong (linguist)">Li Rong</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡seiH/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Li_(linguist)" class="extiw" title="w:Wang Li (linguist)">Wang Li</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡sieiH/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_Karlgren" class="extiw" title="w:Bernhard Karlgren">Bernhard Karlgren</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡sieiH/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Expected Mandarin Reflex </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">jì </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Expected Cantonese Reflex </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">zai3 </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Old Chinese">Old Chinese</a> <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Baxter" class="extiw" title="w:William H. Baxter">Baxter</a>–<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurent_Sagart" class="extiw" title="w:Laurent Sagart">Sagart</a>): /*[ts]ˤ[i]j(ʔ)-s/</dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengzhang_Shangfang" class="extiw" title="w:Zhengzhang Shangfang">Zhengzhang</a>): /*ʔsliːls/</dd></dl></li></ul> <div class="vsHide"> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Baxter" class="extiw" title="w:William H. Baxter">Baxter</a>–<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurent_Sagart" class="extiw" title="w:Laurent Sagart">Sagart</a> system 1.1 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ocbaxtersagart.lsait.lsa.umich.edu/">2014</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Character </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">濟 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Reading # </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">4/5 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">5/5 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Modern Beijing (Pinyin) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">jì </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">jì </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Middle Chinese </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">‹ tsejH › </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">‹ tsejH › </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Old Chinese </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*[ts]ˁ[i]j(ʔ)-s/ </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*[ts]ˁ[i]j(ʔ)-s/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">English </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">cross a stream; rescue </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">stop </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:left; font-size:90%"><div class="standard-box mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.</div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengzhang_Shangfang" class="extiw" title="w:Zhengzhang Shangfang">Zhengzhang</a> system (2003) </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Character </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Reading # </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">2/2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">No. </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">10048 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Phonetic component </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A" title="齊">齊</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Rime group </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82" title="脂">脂</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Rime subdivision </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Corresponding MC rime </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%BD" title="霽">霽</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Old Chinese </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*ʔsliːls/ </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Definitions">Definitions</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Definitions">edit</a>]</div> 濟 <ol><li>to <a href="/wiki/cross#Verb" title="cross">cross</a> a <a href="/wiki/river" title="river">river</a>; to <a href="/wiki/ferry#Verb" title="ferry">ferry</a></li> <li>to <a href="/wiki/help#Verb" title="help">help</a>; to <a href="/wiki/aid#Verb" title="aid">aid</a>; to <a href="/wiki/relieve" title="relieve">relieve</a></li> <li>to be of <a href="/wiki/help" title="help">help</a>; <a href="/wiki/useful" title="useful">useful</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compounds">Compounds</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Compounds">edit</a>]</div> <div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="3"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E5%AD%98%E4%B8%8D%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不存不濟 (page does not exist)">不存不濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E5%AD%98%E4%B8%8D%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不存不济 (page does not exist)">不存不济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E5%AD%98%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不存濟 (page does not exist)">不存濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E5%AD%98%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不存济 (page does not exist)">不存济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="不濟">不濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="不济">不济</a> (bùjì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E6%BF%9F%E4%BA%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不濟事 (page does not exist)">不濟事</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E6%B5%8E%E4%BA%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不济事 (page does not exist)">不济事</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不經濟 (page does not exist)">不經濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不经济 (page does not exist)">不经济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E8%89%AF%E4%BA%8B%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不良事濟 (page does not exist)">不良事濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E8%89%AF%E4%BA%8B%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不良事济 (page does not exist)">不良事济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%9A%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不通濟 (page does not exist)">不通濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E9%80%9A%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不通济 (page does not exist)">不通济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E6%B0%B4%E6%BF%9F%E6%B0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以水濟水 (page does not exist)">以水濟水</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E6%B0%B4%E6%B5%8E%E6%B0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以水济水 (page does not exist)">以水济水</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%AF%E6%BF%9F%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伯濟國 (page does not exist)">伯濟國</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%AF%E6%B5%8E%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伯济国 (page does not exist)">伯济国</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E7%A2%B3%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="低碳經濟">低碳經濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E7%A2%B3%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="低碳经济">低碳经济</a> (dītàn jīngjì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%B5%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="俵濟 (page does not exist)">俵濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%B5%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="俵济 (page does not exist)">俵济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%87%E5%85%AC%E6%BF%9F%E7%A7%81#Chinese" title="假公濟私">假公濟私</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%81%87%E5%85%AC%E6%B5%8E%E7%A7%81#Chinese" title="假公济私">假公济私</a> (jiǎgōngjìsī)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E7%A7%81%E5%85%A9%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公私兩濟 (page does not exist)">公私兩濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E7%A7%81%E4%B8%A4%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公私两济 (page does not exist)">公私两济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B1%E6%BF%9F%E4%B8%80%E5%A0%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="共濟一堂 (page does not exist)">共濟一堂</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B1%E6%B5%8E%E4%B8%80%E5%A0%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="共济一堂 (page does not exist)">共济一堂</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%BC%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="兼濟 (page does not exist)">兼濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%BC%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="兼济 (page does not exist)">兼济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%9B%E6%9F%94%E4%B8%A6%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="剛柔並濟 (page does not exist)">剛柔並濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%9A%E6%9F%94%E5%B9%B6%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="刚柔并济 (page does not exist)">刚柔并济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%9B%E6%9F%94%E7%9B%B8%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="剛柔相濟">剛柔相濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E6%9F%94%E7%9B%B8%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="刚柔相济">刚柔相济</a> (gāngróuxiāngjì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%9B%E6%BF%9F%E4%B9%9D%E5%8D%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="力濟九區 (page does not exist)">力濟九區</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%9B%E6%B5%8E%E4%B9%9D%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="力济九区 (page does not exist)">力济九区</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%9F%E6%BF%9F%E5%AE%87%E5%85%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="功濟宇內 (page does not exist)">功濟宇內</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%9F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AE%87%E5%86%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="功济宇内 (page does not exist)">功济宇内</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AB%E5%AF%8C%E6%BF%9F%E8%B2%A7#Chinese" title="劫富濟貧">劫富濟貧</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AB%E5%AF%8C%E6%B5%8E%E8%B4%AB#Chinese" title="劫富济贫">劫富济贫</a> (jiéfùjìpín)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%A1%E4%BF%97%E6%BF%9F%E6%99%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="匡俗濟時 (page does not exist)">匡俗濟時</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%A1%E4%BF%97%E6%B5%8E%E6%97%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="匡俗济时 (page does not exist)">匡俗济时</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%A1%E6%99%82%E6%BF%9F%E4%B8%96#Chinese" title="匡時濟世">匡時濟世</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%A1%E6%97%B6%E6%B5%8E%E4%B8%96#Chinese" title="匡时济世">匡时济世</a> (kuāngshíjìshì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%A1%E6%99%82%E6%BF%9F%E4%BF%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="匡時濟俗 (page does not exist)">匡時濟俗</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%A1%E6%97%B6%E6%B5%8E%E4%BF%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="匡时济俗 (page does not exist)">匡时济俗</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%A1%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="匡濟">匡濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%A1%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="匡济">匡济</a> (kuāngjì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%A1%E6%BF%9F%E4%B9%8B%E6%89%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="匡濟之才 (page does not exist)">匡濟之才</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%A1%E6%B5%8E%E4%B9%8B%E6%89%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="匡济之才 (page does not exist)">匡济之才</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%9A%E6%84%9B%E6%BF%9F%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="博愛濟群 (page does not exist)">博愛濟群</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%9A%E7%88%B1%E6%B5%8E%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="博爱济群 (page does not exist)">博爱济群</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%9A%E6%96%BD%E6%BF%9F%E7%9C%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="博施濟眾 (page does not exist)">博施濟眾</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%9A%E6%96%BD%E6%B5%8E%E4%BC%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="博施济众 (page does not exist)">博施济众</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%9A%E6%BF%9F%E9%86%AB%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="博濟醫院 (page does not exist)">博濟醫院</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%9A%E6%B5%8E%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="博济医院 (page does not exist)">博济医院</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E6%BF%9F%E8%98%AD%E5%90%8C%E6%83%A1%E7%9B%B8%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="史瓦濟蘭同惡相濟 (page does not exist)">史瓦濟蘭同惡相濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E6%B5%8E%E5%85%B0%E5%90%8C%E6%81%B6%E7%9B%B8%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="史瓦济兰同恶相济 (page does not exist)">史瓦济兰同恶相济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="同濟">同濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="同济">同济</a> (tóngjì)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E8%88%9F%E5%85%B1%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="同舟共濟">同舟共濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E8%88%9F%E5%85%B1%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="同舟共济">同舟共济</a> (tóngzhōugòngjì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E8%88%9F%E8%80%8C%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="同舟而濟 (page does not exist)">同舟而濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E8%88%9F%E8%80%8C%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="同舟而济 (page does not exist)">同舟而济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E8%88%B9%E6%BF%9F%E6%B0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="同船濟水 (page does not exist)">同船濟水</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8C%E8%88%B9%E6%B5%8E%E6%B0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="同船济水 (page does not exist)">同船济水</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="周濟">周濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="周济">周济</a> (zhōujì)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E8%A1%B7%E5%85%B1%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="和衷共濟">和衷共濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E8%A1%B7%E5%85%B1%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="和衷共济">和衷共济</a> (hézhōnggòngjì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%BD%E9%81%8B%E5%85%A9%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="命運兩濟 (page does not exist)">命運兩濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%BD%E8%BF%90%E4%B8%A4%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="命运两济 (page does not exist)">命运两济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%B1%E6%A5%AD%E6%95%91%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="失業救濟 (page does not exist)">失業救濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%B1%E4%B8%9A%E6%95%91%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="失业救济 (page does not exist)">失业救济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%98%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="存濟 (page does not exist)">存濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%98%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="存济 (page does not exist)">存济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E6%BF%9F%E5%9D%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安濟坊 (page does not exist)">安濟坊</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E6%B5%8E%E5%9D%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安济坊 (page does not exist)">安济坊</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%AC%E7%8C%9B%E7%9B%B8%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="寬猛相濟 (page does not exist)">寬猛相濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%BD%E7%8C%9B%E7%9B%B8%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宽猛相济 (page does not exist)">宽猛相济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B9%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="幹濟 (page does not exist)">幹濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B2%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="干济 (page does not exist)">干济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%B7%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="康濟 (page does not exist)">康濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%B7%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="康济 (page does not exist)">康济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%B7%E6%BF%9F%E9%8C%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="康濟錄 (page does not exist)">康濟錄</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%B7%E6%B5%8E%E5%BD%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="康济录 (page does not exist)">康济录</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%97%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="得濟 (page does not exist)">得濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%97%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="得济 (page does not exist)">得济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%81%A9%E5%A8%81%E4%B8%A6%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="恩威並濟 (page does not exist)">恩威並濟</a>／<a 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class="new" title="拨乱济时 (page does not exist)">拨乱济时</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%91%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="救濟">救濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%91%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="救济">救济</a> (jiùjì)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%91%E6%BF%9F%E9%87%91#Chinese" title="救濟金">救濟金</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%91%E6%B5%8E%E9%87%91#Chinese" title="救济金">救济金</a> (jiùjìjīn)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%91%E6%BF%9F%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="救濟院 (page does not exist)">救濟院</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%91%E6%B5%8E%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="救济院 (page does not exist)">救济院</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E6%AD%A6%E5%85%BC%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文武兼濟 (page does not exist)">文武兼濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E6%AD%A6%E5%85%BC%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文武兼济 (page does not exist)">文武兼济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%90%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="斐濟">斐濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%90%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="斐济">斐济</a> (Fěijì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B9%E6%BF%9F%E8%B0%B7%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="方濟谷派 (page does not exist)">方濟谷派</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B9%E6%B5%8E%E8%B0%B7%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="方济谷派 (page does not exist)">方济谷派</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%BC%E4%BA%8B%E7%84%A1%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="於事無濟 (page does not exist)">於事無濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8E%E4%BA%8B%E6%97%A0%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="于事无济 (page does not exist)">于事无济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E9%81%8B%E4%B8%8D%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="時運不濟">時運不濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E8%BF%90%E4%B8%8D%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="时运不济">时运不济</a> (shíyùnbùjì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E6%BF%9F%E5%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="普濟寺 (page does not exist)">普濟寺</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E6%B5%8E%E5%AF%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="普济寺 (page does not exist)">普济寺</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E6%BF%9F%E7%9C%BE%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="普濟眾生 (page does not exist)">普濟眾生</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E6%B5%8E%E4%BC%97%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="普济众生 (page does not exist)">普济众生</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E6%BF%9F%E7%BE%A4%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="普濟群生 (page does not exist)">普濟群生</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E6%B5%8E%E7%BE%A4%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="普济群生 (page does not exist)">普济群生</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AC%E4%BA%8B%E4%B8%8D%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="本事不濟 (page does not exist)">本事不濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AC%E4%BA%8B%E4%B8%8D%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="本事不济 (page does not exist)">本事不济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B8%E6%BF%9F%E6%B8%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="永濟渠 (page does not exist)">永濟渠</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B8%E6%B5%8E%E6%B8%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="永济渠 (page does not exist)">永济渠</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%A5%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="津濟 (page does not exist)">津濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%A5%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="津济 (page does not exist)">津济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E4%B8%96#Chinese" title="濟世">濟世</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E4%B8%96#Chinese" title="济世">济世</a> (jìshì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E4%B8%96%E4%B9%8B%E6%89%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟世之才 (page does not exist)">濟世之才</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E4%B8%96%E4%B9%8B%E6%89%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济世之才 (page does not exist)">济世之才</a></li><li><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E4%B8%96%E7%BB%8F%E9%82%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济世经邦 (page does not exist)">济世经邦</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E4%BA%8B#Chinese" title="濟事">濟事</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E4%BA%8B#Chinese" title="济事">济事</a> (jìshì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟人 (page does not exist)">濟人</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济人 (page does not exist)">济人</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E4%BA%BA%E5%88%A9%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟人利物 (page does not exist)">濟人利物</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E4%BA%BA%E5%88%A9%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济人利物 (page does not exist)">济人利物</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%85%AC%E5%82%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟公傳 (page does not exist)">濟公傳</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济公传 (page does not exist)">济公传</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%85%AC%E6%B4%BB%E4%BD%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟公活佛 (page does not exist)">濟公活佛</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E5%85%AC%E6%B4%BB%E4%BD%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济公活佛 (page does not exist)">济公活佛</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%8A%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟助 (page does not exist)">濟助</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E5%8A%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济助 (page does not exist)">济助</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%8B%9D%E4%B9%8B%E5%85%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟勝之具 (page does not exist)">濟勝之具</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E8%83%9C%E4%B9%8B%E5%85%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济胜之具 (page does not exist)">济胜之具</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%9B%B0%E6%89%B6%E5%8D%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟困扶危 (page does not exist)">濟困扶危</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E5%9B%B0%E6%89%B6%E5%8D%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济困扶危 (page does not exist)">济困扶危</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%AF%92%E8%B3%91%E8%B2%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟寒賑貧 (page does not exist)">濟寒賑貧</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E5%AF%92%E8%B5%88%E8%B4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济寒赈贫 (page does not exist)">济寒赈贫</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%B7%9E#Chinese" title="濟州">濟州</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%B7%9E#Chinese" title="济州">济州</a> (Jìzhōu)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟度 (page does not exist)">濟度</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济度 (page does not exist)">济度</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%BC%B1%E6%89%B6%E5%82%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟弱扶傾 (page does not exist)">濟弱扶傾</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E5%BC%B1%E6%89%B6%E5%80%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济弱扶倾 (page does not exist)">济弱扶倾</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%BC%B1%E6%89%B6%E5%8D%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟弱扶危 (page does not exist)">濟弱扶危</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E5%BC%B1%E6%89%B6%E5%8D%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济弱扶危 (page does not exist)">济弱扶危</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%BC%B1%E9%8B%A4%E5%BC%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟弱鋤強 (page does not exist)">濟弱鋤強</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E5%BC%B1%E9%94%84%E5%BC%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济弱锄强 (page does not exist)">济弱锄强</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%80%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟急 (page does not exist)">濟急</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%80%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济急 (page does not exist)">济急</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%83%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟惡 (page does not exist)">濟惡</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%81%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济恶 (page does not exist)">济恶</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%83%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟惠 (page does not exist)">濟惠</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%83%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济惠 (page does not exist)">济惠</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%8B%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟拔 (page does not exist)">濟拔</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%8B%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济拔 (page does not exist)">济拔</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%99%82%E6%8B%AF%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟時拯世 (page does not exist)">濟時拯世</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%97%B6%E6%8B%AF%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济时拯世 (page does not exist)">济时拯世</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%99%82%E8%A1%8C%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟時行道 (page does not exist)">濟時行道</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%97%B6%E8%A1%8C%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济时行道 (page does not exist)">济时行道</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%B2%B3%E7%84%9A%E8%88%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟河焚舟 (page does not exist)">濟河焚舟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%B2%B3%E7%84%9A%E8%88%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济河焚舟 (page does not exist)">济河焚舟</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%B8%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟渡 (page does not exist)">濟渡</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%B8%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济渡 (page does not exist)">济渡</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟生 (page does not exist)">濟生</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济生 (page does not exist)">济生</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E7%BE%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟美 (page does not exist)">濟美</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E7%BE%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济美 (page does not exist)">济美</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E8%8B%A6%E6%86%90%E8%B2%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟苦憐貧 (page does not exist)">濟苦憐貧</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E8%8B%A6%E6%80%9C%E8%B4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济苦怜贫 (page does not exist)">济苦怜贫</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E8%B2%A7#Chinese" title="濟貧">濟貧</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E8%B4%AB#Chinese" title="济贫">济贫</a> (jìpín)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E8%B2%A7%E6%8B%94%E8%8B%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟貧拔苦 (page does not exist)">濟貧拔苦</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E8%B4%AB%E6%8B%94%E8%8B%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济贫拔苦 (page does not exist)">济贫拔苦</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E9%A1%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟顛 (page does not exist)">濟顛</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E9%A2%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济颠 (page does not exist)">济颠</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%BD%E5%AE%B3%E6%95%91%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="災害救濟 (page does not exist)">災害救濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3%E6%95%91%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="灾害救济 (page does not exist)">灾害救济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E5%AD%98%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="無存濟 (page does not exist)">無存濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A0%E5%AD%98%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="无存济 (page does not exist)">无存济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E6%BF%9F%E6%96%BC%E4%BA%8B#Chinese" title="無濟於事">無濟於事</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%B5%8E%E4%BA%8E%E4%BA%8B#Chinese" title="无济于事">无济于事</a> (wújìyúshì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E6%BF%9F%E7%84%A1%E4%B8%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="無濟無主 (page does not exist)">無濟無主</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A0%E6%B5%8E%E6%97%A0%E4%B8%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="无济无主 (page does not exist)">无济无主</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%9B%E4%B8%8D%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="爛不濟 (page does not exist)">爛不濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%82%E4%B8%8D%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="烂不济 (page does not exist)">烂不济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%97%8A%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="痊濟 (page does not exist)">痊濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%97%8A%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="痊济 (page does not exist)">痊济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="百濟">百濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="百济">百济</a> (Bǎijì)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="相濟">相濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="相济">相济</a> (xiāngjì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E6%95%91%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社會救濟 (page does not exist)">社會救濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%95%91%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社会救济 (page does not exist)">社会救济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E4%B8%96%E6%BF%9F%E6%B0%91#Chinese" title="經世濟民">經世濟民</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E4%B8%96%E6%B5%8E%E6%B0%91#Chinese" title="经世济民">经世济民</a> (jīngshìjìmín)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%93%E5%9C%8B%E6%BF%9F%E6%B0%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="經國濟民 (page does not exist)">經國濟民</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%8F%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%8E%E6%B0%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="经国济民 (page does not exist)">经国济民</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="經濟">經濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="经济">经济</a> (jīngjì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%93%E7%B6%B8%E6%BF%9F%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="經綸濟世 (page does not exist)">經綸濟世</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%8F%E7%BA%B6%E6%B5%8E%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="经纶济世 (page does not exist)">经纶济世</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%A9%E4%B8%8D%E6%BF%9F%E6%80%A5#Chinese" title="緩不濟急">緩不濟急</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%93%E4%B8%8D%E6%B5%8E%E6%80%A5#Chinese" title="缓不济急">缓不济急</a> (huǎnbùjìjí)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B7%A9%E6%80%A5%E7%9B%B8%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="緩急相濟 (page does not exist)">緩急相濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BC%93%E6%80%A5%E7%9B%B8%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="缓急相济 (page does not exist)">缓急相济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%9B%E6%95%91%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="自力救濟">自力救濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%9B%E6%95%91%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="自力救济">自力救济</a> (zìlì jiùjì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%94%A3%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蔣濟 (page does not exist)">蔣濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%92%8B%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蒋济 (page does not exist)">蒋济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E6%95%91%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="行政救濟 (page does not exist)">行政救濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E6%95%91%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="行政救济 (page does not exist)">行政救济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%A8%E8%A3%A1%E7%9B%B8%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="表裡相濟 (page does not exist)">表裡相濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%A8%E9%87%8C%E7%9B%B8%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="表里相济 (page does not exist)">表里相济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%91%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="賑濟">賑濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%88%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="赈济">赈济</a> (zhènjì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B3%91%E7%AA%AE%E6%BF%9F%E4%B9%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="賑窮濟乏 (page does not exist)">賑窮濟乏</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%88%E7%A9%B7%E6%B5%8E%E4%B9%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赈穷济乏 (page does not exist)">赈穷济乏</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%99%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="賙濟">賙濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%92%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="赒济">赒济</a> (zhōujì)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%9A%E6%BF%9F%E6%B8%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="通濟渠 (page does not exist)">通濟渠</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%9A%E6%B5%8E%E6%B8%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="通济渠 (page does not exist)">通济渠</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道濟 (page does not exist)">道濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道济 (page does not exist)">道济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道濟天下 (page does not exist)">道濟天下</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E6%B5%8E%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道济天下 (page does not exist)">道济天下</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="開濟 (page does not exist)">開濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开济 (page does not exist)">开济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%A3%E5%AD%98%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="難存濟 (page does not exist)">難存濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9A%BE%E5%AD%98%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="难存济 (page does not exist)">难存济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A1%8D%E6%BF%9F%E7%B4%8D%E6%B2%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="額濟納河 (page does not exist)">額濟納河</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%9D%E6%B5%8E%E7%BA%B3%E6%B2%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="额济纳河 (page does not exist)">额济纳河</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A1%8D%E7%88%BE%E6%BF%9F%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="額爾濟斯河 (page does not exist)">額爾濟斯河</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%B5%8E%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="额尔济斯河 (page does not exist)">额尔济斯河</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A4%8A%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="養濟 (page does not exist)">養濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%BB%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="养济 (page does not exist)">养济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A4%8A%E6%BF%9F%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="養濟院 (page does not exist)">養濟院</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%BB%E6%B5%8E%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="养济院 (page does not exist)">养济院</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%BE%E5%85%B1%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="首尾共濟 (page does not exist)">首尾共濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%96%E5%B0%BE%E5%85%B1%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="首尾共济 (page does not exist)">首尾共济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%B3%E6%AF%9B%E6%BF%9F%E7%BE%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳳毛濟美 (page does not exist)">鳳毛濟美</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%A4%E6%AF%9B%E6%B5%8E%E7%BE%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="凤毛济美 (page does not exist)">凤毛济美</a></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2">Etymology 2</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Etymology 2">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Pronunciation">edit</a>]</div> <div class="standard-box zhpron" style="overflow:auto; max-width:500px; font-size:100%"><div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Pinyin">Pinyin</a>): <a href="/wiki/j%C7%90" title="jǐ">jǐ</a> (<a href="/wiki/ji3" title="ji3">ji3</a>)</dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuyin" class="extiw" title="w:Zhuyin">Zhuyin</a>): ㄐㄧˇ</dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese">Cantonese</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping" class="extiw" title="w:Jyutping">Jyutping</a>): <a href="/wiki/zai2" title="zai2">zai2</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Southern Min">Southern Min</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a>): <a href="/wiki/ch%C3%A9#Hokkien" title="ché">ché</a> / <a href="/wiki/ch%C3%A8#Hokkien" title="chè">chè</a></li></ul> <div class="vsHide" style="clear:right;"> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Standard Chinese">Standard Chinese</a>)<abbr title="Add Mandarin homophones"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module%3Azh%2Fdata%2Fcmn-hom%2F2&action=edit">+</a></abbr> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a>: <a href="/wiki/j%C7%90#Mandarin" title="jǐ">jǐ</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuyin" class="extiw" title="w:Zhuyin">Zhuyin</a>: ㄐㄧˇ</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongyong_Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Tongyong Pinyin">Tongyong Pinyin</a>: jǐ</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" class="extiw" title="w:Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a>: chi3</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Mandarin">Yale</a>: jǐ</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwoyeu_Romatzyh" class="extiw" title="w:Gwoyeu Romatzyh">Gwoyeu Romatzyh</a>: jii</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillization_of_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Cyrillization of Chinese">Palladius</a>: цзи (czi)</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Mandarin_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Mandarin pronunciation">key</a>): /t͡ɕi²¹⁴/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese">Cantonese</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Standard Cantonese">Standard Cantonese</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Guangzhou Cantonese">Guangzhou</a>–<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Hong Kong Cantonese">Hong Kong</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping" class="extiw" title="w:Jyutping">Jyutping</a>: zai2</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale</a>: jái</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese Pinyin">Cantonese Pinyin</a>: dzai2</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization" class="extiw" title="w:Guangdong Romanization">Guangdong Romanization</a>: zei2</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_phonology" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese phonology">key</a>): /t͡sɐi̯³⁵/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Southern Min">Southern Min</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a>, General <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Taiwanese</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>: <a href="/wiki/ch%C3%A9#Hokkien" title="ché">ché</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a>: tsé</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phofsit_Daibuun" class="extiw" title="w:Phofsit Daibuun">Phofsit Daibuun</a>: zea</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taipei" class="extiw" title="w:Taipei">Taipei</a>): /t͡se⁵³/</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaohsiung" class="extiw" title="w:Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung</a>): /t͡se⁴¹/</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a>): /t͡se⁵⁵⁴/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>: <a href="/wiki/ch%C3%A8#Hokkien" title="chè">chè</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a>: tsè</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phofsit_Daibuun" class="extiw" title="w:Phofsit Daibuun">Phofsit Daibuun</a>: zex</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a>): /t͡se²¹/</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a>): /t͡se⁴¹/</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div> <hr style="clear:right;" /> <div style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #ebf4ff); margin: 0 -5px -5px; padding: 0 5px 5px;"> <div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">Middle Chinese</a>: tsejX</li></ul> <div class="vsHide"> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="2">Rime </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Character </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Reading # </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">1/2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Initial (聲) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Middle_Chinese#Initials" title="Appendix:Middle Chinese">精</a> (13) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Final (韻) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Middle_Chinese#Finals" title="Appendix:Middle Chinese">齊</a> (39) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Tone (調) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">Rising (X) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Openness (開合) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">Open </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Division (等) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">IV </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanqie" class="extiw" title="w:Fanqie">Fanqie</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90" title="子">子</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AE" title="禮">禮</a>切 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baxter%27s_transcription_for_Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Baxter's transcription for Middle Chinese">Baxter</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">tsejX </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="2">Reconstructions </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengzhang_Shangfang" class="extiw" title="w:Zhengzhang Shangfang">Zhengzhang Shangfang</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡seiX/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_Wuyun" class="extiw" title="w:Pan Wuyun">Pan Wuyun</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡seiX/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%82%B5%E8%8D%A3%E8%8A%AC" class="extiw" title="w:zh:邵荣芬">Shao Rongfen</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡sɛiX/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_G._Pulleyblank" class="extiw" title="w:Edwin G. Pulleyblank">Edwin Pulleyblank</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡sɛjX/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Rong_(linguist)" class="extiw" title="w:Li Rong (linguist)">Li Rong</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡seiX/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Li_(linguist)" class="extiw" title="w:Wang Li (linguist)">Wang Li</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡sieiX/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_Karlgren" class="extiw" title="w:Bernhard Karlgren">Bernhard Karlgren</a> </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/t͡sieiX/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Expected Mandarin Reflex </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">jǐ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Expected Cantonese Reflex </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">zai2 </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Old Chinese">Old Chinese</a> <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Baxter" class="extiw" title="w:William H. Baxter">Baxter</a>–<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurent_Sagart" class="extiw" title="w:Laurent Sagart">Sagart</a>): /*[ts]ˤ[i]jʔ/, /*[ts]ˤəjʔ/</dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengzhang_Shangfang" class="extiw" title="w:Zhengzhang Shangfang">Zhengzhang</a>): /*ʔsliːlʔ/</dd></dl></li></ul> <div class="vsHide"> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_H._Baxter" class="extiw" title="w:William H. Baxter">Baxter</a>–<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurent_Sagart" class="extiw" title="w:Laurent Sagart">Sagart</a> system 1.1 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ocbaxtersagart.lsait.lsa.umich.edu/">2014</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Character </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">濟 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">濟 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Reading # </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">1/5 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">2/5 </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">3/5 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Modern Beijing (Pinyin) </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">jǐ </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">jǐ </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">jǐ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Middle Chinese </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">‹ tsejX › </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">‹ tsejX › </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">‹ tsejX › </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Old Chinese </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*[ts]ˁ[i]jʔ/ </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*[ts]ˁəjʔ/ </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*[ts]ˁəjʔ/ </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">English </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">numerous </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">stately </td> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">[river name] </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" style="text-align:left; font-size:90%"><div class="standard-box mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.</div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden; display: table;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff)" colspan="2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengzhang_Shangfang" class="extiw" title="w:Zhengzhang Shangfang">Zhengzhang</a> system (2003) </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Character </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Reading # </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">1/2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">No. </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">10043 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Phonetic component </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A" title="齊">齊</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Rime group </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82" title="脂">脂</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Rime subdivision </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Corresponding MC rime </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">濟</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff); width:8em">Old Chinese </th> <td style="background-color:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue, #f8f9fa)">/*ʔsliːlʔ/ </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Definitions_2">Definitions</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Definitions">edit</a>]</div> 濟 <ol><li>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E6%B0%B4#Chinese" title="濟水">～水</a>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji_River" class="extiw" title="w:Ji River">Ji River</a></li> <li>Used in <a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="濟濟">濟濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="济济">济济</a> (jǐjǐ, “<a href="/wiki/horde" title="horde">horde</a> of <a href="/wiki/people" title="people">people</a>; <a href="/wiki/multitude" title="multitude">multitude</a>”).</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compounds_2">Compounds</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Compounds">edit</a>]</div> <div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="3"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%89%8D%E6%BF%9F%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="人才濟濟">人才濟濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%89%8D%E6%B5%8E%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="人才济济">人才济济</a> (réncáijǐjǐ)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%8D%97#Chinese" title="濟南">濟南</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%8D%97#Chinese" title="济南">济南</a> (Jǐnán)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%AF%A7#Chinese" title="濟寧">濟寧</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%AE%81#Chinese" title="济宁">济宁</a> (Jǐníng)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%A5%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟楚 (page does not exist)">濟楚</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%A5%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济楚 (page does not exist)">济楚</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E6%B0%B4#Chinese" title="濟水">濟水</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E6%B0%B4#Chinese" title="济水">济水</a> (Jǐ Shuǐ)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="濟濟">濟濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="济济">济济</a> (jǐjǐ)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E6%BF%9F%E4%B8%80%E5%A0%82#Chinese" title="濟濟一堂">濟濟一堂</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E6%B5%8E%E4%B8%80%E5%A0%82#Chinese" title="济济一堂">济济一堂</a> (jǐjǐyītáng)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%BF%9F%E5%A4%9A%E5%A3%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟濟多士 (page does not exist)">濟濟多士</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%B5%8E%E5%A4%9A%E5%A3%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济济多士 (page does not exist)">济济多士</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%BF%9F%E5%BD%AC%E5%BD%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟濟彬彬 (page does not exist)">濟濟彬彬</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%B5%8E%E5%BD%AC%E5%BD%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济济彬彬 (page does not exist)">济济彬彬</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E6%BF%9F%E9%8F%98%E9%8F%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟濟鏘鏘 (page does not exist)">濟濟鏘鏘</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E6%B5%8E%E9%94%B5%E9%94%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济济锵锵 (page does not exist)">济济锵锵</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%A3%E5%86%A0%E6%BF%9F%E6%A5%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="衣冠濟楚 (page does not exist)">衣冠濟楚</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%A3%E5%86%A0%E6%B5%8E%E6%A5%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="衣冠济楚 (page does not exist)">衣冠济楚</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%A3%E5%86%A0%E6%BF%9F%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="衣冠濟濟 (page does not exist)">衣冠濟濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%A3%E5%86%A0%E6%B5%8E%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="衣冠济济 (page does not exist)">衣冠济济</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B9%A1%E8%B9%A1%E6%BF%9F%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蹡蹡濟濟 (page does not exist)">蹡蹡濟濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%AC%A7%80%F0%AC%A7%80%E6%B5%8E%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𬧀𬧀济济 (page does not exist)">𬧀𬧀济济</a></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_3">Etymology 3</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Etymology 3">edit</a>]</div> <table class="floatright" style="clear: right;margin: 1em 0 1em 1em;border-collapse: collapse;text-align: center"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding: 0.5em;border: 1px solid #aaa;background: var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff);font-weight: normal;font-size: smaller;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese" title="Traditional Chinese">trad.</a> </th> <td style="padding: 0.5em; background-color:var(--wikt-palette-white, #ffffff);border-right: 1px solid #aaa;border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size:x-large" lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="padding: 0.5em;border: 1px solid #aaa;background: var(--wikt-palette-cyan, #eaffff);font-weight: normal;font-size: smaller;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese" title="Simplified Chinese">simp.</a> </th> <td style="padding: 0.5em; background-color:var(--wikt-palette-white, #ffffff);border-right: 1px solid #aaa;border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size:x-large" lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="济">济</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="padding: 0.5em;border: 1px solid #aaa;background: var(--wikt-palette-palegreen, #e2f6e2);font-weight: normal;font-size: smaller;" colspan="2">alternative forms </th> <td style="padding: 0.5em; background-color:var(--wikt-palette-white, #ffffff);border-right: 1px solid #aaa;border: 1px solid #aaa; font-; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; border-right: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa" colspan="1"><div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="Chinese alternative forms"><div class="vsShow"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> <a href="/wiki/%E3%A9%BC#Chinese" title="㩼">㩼</a> chiefly Teochew <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%A7#Chinese" title="穧">穧</a>／<a href="/wiki/%F0%B0%A8%A6#Chinese" title="𰨦">𰨦</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%88#Chinese" title="侈">侈</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%84%95#Chinese" title="儕">儕</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%AA#Chinese" title="侪">侪</a></div><div class="vsHide"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> <a href="/wiki/%E3%A9%BC#Chinese" title="㩼">㩼</a> chiefly Teochew <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%A7#Chinese" title="穧">穧</a>／<a href="/wiki/%F0%B0%A8%A6#Chinese" title="𰨦">𰨦</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%88#Chinese" title="侈">侈</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%84%95#Chinese" title="儕">儕</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%AA#Chinese" title="侪">侪</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%A1#Chinese" title="価">価</a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%BE#Chinese" title="眾">眾</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%97#Chinese" title="众">众</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9A%8C#Chinese" title="嚌">嚌</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%9C#Chinese" title="哜">哜</a> <a href="/wiki/%F0%A7%AA%87#Chinese" title="𧪇">𧪇</a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%9C%9E#Chinese" title="䜞">䜞</a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%B8#Chinese" title="諸">諸</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%B8#Chinese" title="诸">诸</a></div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/references#Y" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/references">Yue-Hashimoto (1976)</a> relates it to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Tai_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Tai language">Proto-Tai</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Tai/%CA%B0la%CB%90j%E1%B4%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Tai/ʰlaːjᴬ (page does not exist)">*ʰlaːjᴬ</a> (“many; much”), whence <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuang_languages" class="extiw" title="w:Zhuang languages">Zhuang</a> <a href="/wiki/lai#Zhuang" title="lai">lai</a>. This Tai word is probably related to <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Old Chinese">OC</a> *ʔl'aːl) (<a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/references#S" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/references">Schuessler, 2007</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronunciation_3">Pronunciation</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Pronunciation">edit</a>]</div> <div class="standard-box zhpron" style="overflow:auto; max-width:500px; font-size:100%"><div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Northern Min">Northern Min</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kienning_Colloquial_Romanized" class="extiw" title="w:Kienning Colloquial Romanized">KCR</a>): cāi</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Eastern Min">Eastern Min</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Eastern_Min" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Eastern Min">BUC</a>): sâ̤</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Southern Min">Southern Min</a> <dl><dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a>): <a href="/wiki/ch%C5%8De#Hokkien" title="chōe">chōe</a> / <a href="/wiki/ch%C4%93#Hokkien" title="chē">chē</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=ch%C7%92e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="chǒe (page does not exist)">chǒe</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=ch%C4%93re&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="chēre (page does not exist)">chēre</a></dd> <dd>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Teochew dialect">Teochew</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peng%27im" class="extiw" title="w:Peng'im">Peng'im</a>): zoi7</dd></dl></li></ul> <div class="vsHide" style="clear:right;"> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Northern Min">Northern Min</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jian%27ou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jian'ou dialect">Jian'ou</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kienning_Colloquial_Romanized" class="extiw" title="w:Kienning Colloquial Romanized">Kienning Colloquial Romanized</a>: cāi</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jian%27ou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jian'ou dialect">key</a>): /t͡sai⁵⁵/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Eastern Min">Eastern Min</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Chinese/Eastern_Min" title="Wiktionary:About Chinese/Eastern Min">Bàng-uâ-cê</a>: sâ̤</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fuzhou dialect">key</a>): /sɑ²⁴²/</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Southern Min">Southern Min</a> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinjiang,_Fujian" class="extiw" title="w:Jinjiang, Fujian">Jinjiang</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taipei" class="extiw" title="w:Taipei">Taipei</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukang" class="extiw" title="w:Lukang">Lukang</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinmen" class="extiw" title="w:Kinmen">Kinmen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magong" class="extiw" title="w:Magong">Magong</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hsinchu" class="extiw" title="w:Hsinchu">Hsinchu</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Philippine Hokkien">Philippines</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporean_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Singaporean Hokkien">Singapore</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>: <a href="/wiki/ch%C5%8De#Hokkien" title="chōe">chōe</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a>: tsuē</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phofsit_Daibuun" class="extiw" title="w:Phofsit Daibuun">Phofsit Daibuun</a>: zoe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukang" class="extiw" title="w:Lukang">Lukang</a>): /t͡sue³¹/</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinmen" class="extiw" title="w:Kinmen">Kinmen</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporean_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Singaporean Hokkien">Singapore</a>): /t͡sue²²/</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taipei" class="extiw" title="w:Taipei">Taipei</a>): /t͡sue³³/</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinjiang,_Fujian" class="extiw" title="w:Jinjiang, Fujian">Jinjiang</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Philippine Hokkien">Philippines</a>): /t͡sue⁴¹/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaohsiung" class="extiw" title="w:Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tainan" class="extiw" title="w:Tainan">Tainan</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yilan" class="extiw" title="w:Yilan">Yilan</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taichung" class="extiw" title="w:Taichung">Taichung</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>: <a href="/wiki/ch%C4%93#Hokkien" title="chē">chē</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a>: tsē</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phofsit_Daibuun" class="extiw" title="w:Phofsit Daibuun">Phofsit Daibuun</a>: ze</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaohsiung" class="extiw" title="w:Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tainan" class="extiw" title="w:Tainan">Tainan</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yilan" class="extiw" title="w:Yilan">Yilan</a>): /t͡se³³/</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a>): /t͡se²²/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukang" class="extiw" title="w:Lukang">Lukang</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ch%C7%92e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="chǒe (page does not exist)">chǒe</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a>: tsuě</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukang" class="extiw" title="w:Lukang">Lukang</a>): /t͡sue³³/</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanxia" class="extiw" title="w:Sanxia">Sanxia</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ch%C4%93re&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="chēre (page does not exist)">chēre</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a>: tserē</li></ul></li> <li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Teochew dialect">Teochew</a>) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peng%27im" class="extiw" title="w:Peng'im">Peng'im</a>: zoi7</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>-like: tsōi</li> <li>Sinological <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%BD%AE%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1#語音" class="extiw" title="w:zh:潮州話">key</a>): /t͡soi¹¹/</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Definitions_3">Definitions</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Definitions">edit</a>]</div> 濟 <ol><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Min Chinese">Min</a>) <a href="/wiki/many" title="many">many</a>; <a href="/wiki/much" title="much">much</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Synonyms">Synonyms</h5>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Synonyms">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame" data-toggle-category="dialectal synonyms" style="border:0px; max-width: 40em; text-align:center;"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%; border:1px solid #aaaaaa; background-color:#CCCCFF; text-align:center;">Dialectal synonyms of <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> (“many; much”) <a href="/wiki/Template:zh-dial-map/%E5%A4%9A" title="Template:zh-dial-map/多">[map]</a> </div><div class="NavContent"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0; text-align:center; width: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#E8ECFA">Variety </th> <th style="background:#E8ECFA">Location </th> <th style="background:#E8ECFA">Words <div style="float: right; clear: right; font-size:60%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module%3Azh%2Fdata%2Fdial-syn%2F%E5%A4%9A&action=edit">edit</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" colspan="2" style="background:#FAF0F2"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Classical Chinese">Classical Chinese</a> </th> <td style="background:#FAF0F2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A5#Chinese" title="夥">夥</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" colspan="2" style="background:#FAF0F2">Formal (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Written_vernacular_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Written vernacular Chinese">Written Standard Chinese</a>) </th> <td style="background:#FAF0F2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5" style="background:#FAF5F0">Northeastern Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Beijing dialect">Beijing</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan_Mandarin" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwan Mandarin">Taiwan</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbin_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Harbin dialect">Harbin</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Mandarin" class="extiw" title="w:Malaysian Mandarin">Malaysia</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporean_Mandarin" class="extiw" title="w:Singaporean Mandarin">Singapore</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#FAF5F0">Jilu Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinan_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jinan dialect">Jinan</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#FAF5F0">Jiaoliao Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muping_District" class="extiw" title="w:Muping District">Yantai (Muping)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4" style="background:#FAF5F0">Central Plains Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luoyang_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Luoyang dialect">Luoyang</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E8%90%AC%E6%A6%AE%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:萬榮話">Wanrong</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Xi'an dialect">Xi'an</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xining" class="extiw" title="w:Xining">Xining</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background:#FAF5F0">Lanyin Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yinchuan" class="extiw" title="w:Yinchuan">Yinchuan</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E8%98%AD%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:蘭州話">Lanzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E7%83%8F%E9%AD%AF%E6%9C%A8%E9%BD%8A%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:烏魯木齊話">Ürümqi</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%98%E6%B4%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="托洛 (page does not exist)">托洛</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4" style="background:#FAF5F0">Southwestern Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chengdu_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Chengdu dialect">Chengdu</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%AD%A6%E6%BC%A2%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:武漢話">Wuhan</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E8%B2%B4%E9%99%BD%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:貴陽話">Guiyang</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%9F%B3%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:柳州話">Liuzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background:#FAF5F0">Jianghuai Mandarin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanjing_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Nanjing dialect">Nanjing</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%B9#Chinese" title="歹">歹</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%8F%9A%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:揚州話">Yangzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%90%88%E8%82%A5%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:合肥話">Hefei</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="7" style="background:#F0F5FA">Cantonese </th> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Guangzhou dialect">Guangzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Hong Kong Cantonese">Hong Kong</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taishanese" class="extiw" title="w:Taishanese">Taishan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongguan" class="extiw" title="w:Dongguan">Dongguan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%99%BD%E6%B1%9F%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:陽江話">Yangjiang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" class="extiw" title="w:Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Singapore#Other_Chinese_varieties" class="extiw" title="w:Languages of Singapore">Singapore (Guangfu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background:#F0FAF3">Gan </th> <td style="background:#F0FAF3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanchang_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Nanchang dialect">Nanchang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0FAF3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0FAF3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichuan_County" class="extiw" title="w:Lichuan County">Lichuan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0FAF3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0FAF3"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pingxiang" class="extiw" title="w:Pingxiang">Pingxiang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0FAF3"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="13" style="background:#FAF0F6">Hakka </th> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Meixian dialect">Meixian</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changting_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Changting dialect">Changting</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuping_County" class="extiw" title="w:Wuping County">Wuping</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liancheng_County" class="extiw" title="w:Liancheng County">Liancheng</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninghua_County" class="extiw" title="w:Ninghua County">Ninghua</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%9B%A9%E9%83%BD%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:雩都話">Yudu</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sixian dialect">Miaoli (N. Sixian)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sixian dialect">Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hailu_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Hailu dialect">Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongshi_District" class="extiw" title="w:Dongshi District">Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raoping_Hakka" class="extiw" title="w:Raoping Hakka">Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E8%A9%94%E5%AE%89%E5%AE%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="extiw" title="w:zh:詔安客語">Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Singaporeans" class="extiw" title="w:Chinese Singaporeans">Singapore (Dabu)</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF0F6"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#FAF9F0">Huizhou </th> <td style="background:#FAF9F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jixi_County" class="extiw" title="w:Jixi County">Jixi</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF9F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#FAF5F0">Jin </th> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%A4%AA%E5%8E%9F%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:太原話">Taiyuan</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%BF%BB%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:忻州話">Xinzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#FAF5F0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="9" style="background:#F7FAF0">Northern Min </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jian%27ou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jian'ou dialect">Jian'ou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E8%BF%AA%E5%8F%A3%E9%8E%AE" class="extiw" title="w:zh:迪口鎮">Jian'ou (Dikou)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%9D%BE%E6%BA%AA%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:松溪話">Songxi</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%94%BF%E5%92%8C%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:政和話">Zhenghe</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%8E%AE%E5%89%8D%E9%8E%AE" class="extiw" title="w:zh:鎮前鎮">Zhenghe (Zhenqian)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jianyang_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jianyang dialect">Jianyang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huangkeng,_Fujian" class="extiw" title="w:Huangkeng, Fujian">Jianyang (Huangkeng)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A5#Chinese" title="夥">夥</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%B4%87%E5%AE%89%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:崇安話">Wuyishan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E7%9F%B3%E9%99%82%E9%8E%AE" class="extiw" title="w:zh:石陂鎮">Pucheng (Shibei)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="18" style="background:#F7FAF0">Eastern Min </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%95%BF%E4%B9%90%E8%A9%B1_(%E9%97%BD%E4%B8%9C%E8%AF%AD)" class="extiw" title="w:zh:长乐話 (闽东语)">Fuzhou (Changle)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuqing_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fuqing dialect">Fuqing</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pingtan" class="extiw" title="w:Pingtan">Pingtan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongtai" class="extiw" title="w:Yongtai">Yongtai</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%96%A9%E6%B8%85%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:閩清話">Minqing</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gutian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Gutian dialect">Gutian</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pingnan_County,_Fujian" class="extiw" title="w:Pingnan County, Fujian">Pingnan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luoyuan_County" class="extiw" title="w:Luoyuan County">Luoyuan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fu%27an_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Fu'an dialect">Fu'an</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningde_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Ningde dialect">Ningde</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%9C%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:霞浦話">Xiapu</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%9F%98%E6%A6%AE%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:柘榮話">Zherong</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%A3%BD%E5%AF%A7%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:壽寧話">Shouning</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%91%A8%E5%AF%A7%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:周寧話">Zhouning</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E7%A6%8F%E9%BC%8E%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:福鼎話">Fuding</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsu_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Matsu dialect">Matsu</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Singapore#Other_Chinese_varieties" class="extiw" title="w:Languages of Singapore">Singapore (Fuqing)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="49" style="background:#F7FAF0">Southern Min </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟, <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0#Chinese" title="加">加</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tong%27an_District" class="extiw" title="w:Tong'an District">Xiamen (Tong'an)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%99%89%E6%B1%9F%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:晉江話">Jinjiang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nan%27an,_Fujian" class="extiw" title="w:Nan'an, Fujian">Nan'an</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shishi,_Fujian" class="extiw" title="w:Shishi, Fujian">Shishi</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hui%27an_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Hui'an dialect">Hui'an</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxi_County" class="extiw" title="w:Anxi County">Anxi</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongchun_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Yongchun dialect">Yongchun</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dehua_County" class="extiw" title="w:Dehua County">Dehua</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longhai_District" class="extiw" title="w:Longhai District">Zhangzhou (Longhai)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changtai_District" class="extiw" title="w:Changtai District">Zhangzhou (Changtai)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hua%27an_County" class="extiw" title="w:Hua'an County">Hua'an</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanjing_County" class="extiw" title="w:Nanjing County">Nanjing</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinghe_County" class="extiw" title="w:Pinghe County">Pinghe</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangpu_County" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangpu County">Zhangpu</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunxiao_County" class="extiw" title="w:Yunxiao County">Yunxiao</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhao%27an_County" class="extiw" title="w:Zhao'an County">Zhao'an</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongshan_County" class="extiw" title="w:Dongshan County">Dongshan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Taipei</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">New Taipei (Sanxia)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Kaohsiung</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Yilan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Changhua (Lukang)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Taichung</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Tainan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Hsinchu</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Kinmen</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Penghu (Magong)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Penang Hokkien">Penang (Hokkien)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporean_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Singaporean Hokkien">Singapore (Hokkien)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Philippine Hokkien">Manila (Hokkien)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longyan_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Longyan Min">Longyan</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%BC%B3%E5%B9%B3%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:漳平話">Zhangping</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%89%8D%E8%B7%AF%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:前路話">Datian</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Teochew dialect">Chaozhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟, <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0#Chinese" title="加">加</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shantou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shantou dialect">Shantou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chenghai_District" class="extiw" title="w:Chenghai District">Shantou (Chenghai)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%BD%AE%E9%99%BD%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:潮陽話">Shantou (Chaoyang)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jieyang" class="extiw" title="w:Jieyang">Jieyang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haifeng_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Haifeng dialect">Haifeng</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Singapore#Other_Chinese_varieties" class="extiw" title="w:Languages of Singapore">Singapore (Teochew)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" class="extiw" title="w:Pontianak">Pontianak (Teochew)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leizhou_Min" class="extiw" title="w:Leizhou Min">Leizhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenchang_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Wenchang dialect">Wenchang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haikou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Haikou dialect">Haikou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qionghai" class="extiw" title="w:Qionghai">Qionghai</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Singapore#Other_Chinese_varieties" class="extiw" title="w:Languages of Singapore">Singapore (Hainanese)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#F7FAF0">Puxian Min </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Putian dialect">Putian</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xianyou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Xianyou dialect">Xianyou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background:#F7FAF0">Central Min </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yong%27an_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Yong'an dialect">Yong'an</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanyuan_District" class="extiw" title="w:Sanyuan District">Sanming (Sanyuan)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaxian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shaxian dialect">Sanming (Shaxian)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#F7FAF0">Zhongshan Min </th> <td style="background:#F7FAF0"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longdu_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Longdu dialect">Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F7FAF0">濟 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background:#F0F5FA">Southern Pinghua </th> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%B1%9F%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93_(%E5%8D%97%E5%AF%A7%E5%B8%82)" class="extiw" title="w:zh:江南街道 (南寧市)">Nanning (Tingzi)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F5FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="8" style="background:#F4F0FA">Wu </th> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghainese" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghainese">Shanghai</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadi_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shadi dialect">Shanghai (Chongming)</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Suzhou dialect">Suzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danyang,_Jiangsu" class="extiw" title="w:Danyang, Jiangsu">Danyang</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Hangzhou dialect">Hangzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningbo_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Ningbo dialect">Ningbo</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wenzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Wenzhou dialect">Wenzhou</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinhua_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Jinhua dialect">Jinhua</a> </td> <td style="background:#F4F0FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background:#F0F2FA">Xiang </th> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changsha_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Changsha dialect">Changsha</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%A9%81%E5%BA%95%E8%A9%B1" class="extiw" title="w:zh:婁底話">Loudi</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuangfeng_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shuangfeng dialect">Shuangfeng</a> </td> <td style="background:#F0F2FA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A#Chinese" title="多">多</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compounds_3">Compounds</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Compounds">edit</a>]</div> <div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="3"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8A%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="上濟 (page does not exist)">上濟</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="上济 (page does not exist)">上济</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%8C%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="偌濟">偌濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E5%81%8C%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="偌济">偌济</a> (gōa-chē)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%B0%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟少 (page does not exist)">濟少</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E5%B0%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济少 (page does not exist)">济少</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%BD%8C%E6%BB%BF#Chinese" title="濟彌滿">濟彌滿</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%BC%A5%E6%BB%A1#Chinese" title="济弥满">济弥满</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E6%BF%9F#Chinese" title="濟濟">濟濟</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E6%B5%8E#Chinese" title="济济">济济</a> (jǐjǐ)</li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E8%A9%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟話 (page does not exist)">濟話</a>／<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%8E%E8%AF%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="济话 (page does not exist)">济话</a></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-mf/search.php?word=濟">濟</a>”, in <cite>漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)</cite>‎<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-mf/">[1]</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="extiw" title="w:zh:香港中文大學">香港中文大學</a> (the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_University_of_Hong_Kong" class="extiw" title="w:Chinese University of Hong Kong">Chinese University of Hong Kong</a>), 2014–</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/dictView.jsp?educode=A02354">Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02354</a></li> <li>The template <a href="/wiki/Template:R:nan:thcwda" title="Template:R:nan:thcwda">Template:R:nan:thcwda</a> does not use the parameter(s): <pre>1=305</pre> Please see <a href="/wiki/Module:checkparams" title="Module:checkparams">Module:checkparams</a> for help with this warning.“(#)”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E%E6%8C%89%E5%91%A2%E5%AF%AB" class="extiw" title="w:zh:臺灣閩南語按呢寫">臺灣閩南語按呢寫</a></cite>‎<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://sutian.moe.edu.tw/und-hani/siongkuantsuguan/#hid3">[2]</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_(Taiwan)" class="extiw" title="w:Ministry of Education (Taiwan)">Ministry of Education, R.O.C.</a>, 2013.</li> <li>“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sutian.moe.edu.tw/zh-hant/su/12239">Entry #12239</a>”, in <cite>教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典</cite> [<cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_Frequently-Used_Taiwan_Minnan" class="extiw" title="w:Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan">Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi</a></cite>] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_(Taiwan)" class="extiw" title="w:Ministry of Education (Taiwan)">Ministry of Education, R.O.C.</a>, 2024.</li> <li>劉建仁 (2012 April 29) “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://taiwanlanguage.wordpress.com/2012/01/09/%e6%bf%9f%e2%80%a2%e5%a4%9a%ef%bc%88tse%e2%8a%a6%ef%bc%8ftsue%e2%8a%a6%ef%bc%89%e2%94%80%e2%94%80%e5%a4%9a/">濟•多（tse⊦／tsue⊦）──多</a>”, in <cite>台灣話的語源與理據</cite> (in Chinese), retrieved 2016-08-21</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Japanese">Japanese</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Japanese">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable kanji-forms" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:center; float:right;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:center;"> <td style="background-color:#dfefff;"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinjitai" class="extiw" title="w:Shinjitai">Shinjitai</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%88#Japanese" title="済">済</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:center;"> <td style="background-color:#dfefff;"> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ky%C5%ABjitai" class="extiw" title="w:Kyūjitai">Kyūjitai</a> </td> <td>濟 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kanji">Kanji</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Kanji">edit</a>]</div> <div class="noprint floatright catlinks" style="font-size: 90%; width: 270px"><div style="padding:0 5px">See also:<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Japanese_terms_spelled_with_%E6%BF%9F" title="Category:Japanese terms spelled with 濟">Category:Japanese terms spelled with 濟</a></div></div></div><div>濟</div>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgai_kanji" class="extiw" title="w:Hyōgai kanji">Hyōgai kanji</a>, <a href="/wiki/ky%C5%ABjitai" title="kyūjitai">kyūjitai</a> kanji, <a href="/wiki/shinjitai" title="shinjitai">shinjitai</a> form <a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%88#Japanese" title="済">済</a>) <ol><li><a href="/wiki/ky%C5%ABjitai" title="kyūjitai">Kyūjitai</a> form of <a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%88#Japanese" title="済">済</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Readings">Readings</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Readings">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#goon" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">Go-on</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E3%81%95%E3%81%84#Japanese" title="さい">さい</a> (<a href="/wiki/sai#Japanese" title="sai">sai</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#kan'on" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">Kan-on</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E3%81%9B%E3%81%84#Japanese" title="せい">せい</a> (<a href="/wiki/sei#Japanese" title="sei">sei</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Japanese_glossary#kun'yomi" title="Appendix:Japanese glossary">Kun</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E3%81%99%E3%82%80#Japanese" title="すむ">すむ</a> (<a href="/wiki/sumu#Japanese" title="sumu">sumu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E3%82%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟む (page does not exist)">濟む</a>)<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81570820">.mw-parser-output .jouyou-reading{background-color:rgb(224,255,255);background-color:rgba(224,255,255,0.5)}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .jouyou-reading{background-color:rgb(41,44,44);background-color:rgba(224,255,255,0.15)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){.mw-parser-output .jouyou-reading{background-color:rgb(41,44,44);background-color:rgba(224,255,255,0.15)}}</style></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Korean">Korean</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Korean">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> <dl><dt>“to help; etc.”</dt></dl> From <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">Middle Chinese</a> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Chinese">濟</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">MC</a> tsejH). <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" style="width:60%; background-color:#f8f9fa;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center">Historical Readings </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#eaecf0;"><span class="explain" title="A system of somewhat artificial readings that had sought to capture traditional phonetic distinctions of Middle Chinese which were often unrealistic in Korean—fell out of use after the 1480s.">Dongguk Jeongun Reading </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff;">Dongguk Jeongun, 1448</td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff; min-width:65%;">Recorded as <a href="/wiki/Middle_Korean" title="Middle Korean">Middle Korean</a> 졩〮 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Korean" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Korean">Yale</a>: cyéy?) in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongguk_Jeongun" class="extiw" title="w:Dongguk Jeongun">Dongguk Jeongun</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ko:s:%EB%8F%99%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%95%EC%9A%B4" class="extiw" title="w:ko:s:동국정운">東國正韻 / 동국정운</a>), 1448. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#eaecf0;">Middle Korean </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#f8f9fa;">Text</td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#f8f9fa; min-width:65%;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%ED%9B%88" title="음훈">Eumhun</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background-color:#f8f9fa;">Gloss (hun)</td> <td colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background-color:#f8f9fa; min-width:25%;">Reading </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff;">Hunmong Jahoe, 1527<a class="external autonumber" href="https://ko.wikisource.org/wiki/%ED%9B%88%EB%AA%BD%EC%9E%90%ED%9A%8C/0">[3]</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B1%B0%EB%8A%90%EB%A6%AC%EB%8B%A4" title="거느리다">거느〮릴〯</a> 졔〯 / <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B1%B4%EB%82%98%EB%8B%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="건나다 (page does not exist)">건널〮</a> 졔〯</td> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff;">Recorded as <a href="/wiki/Middle_Korean" title="Middle Korean">Middle Korean</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A1%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="졔 (page does not exist)">졔〯</a> (cyěy) (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Korean" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Korean">Yale</a>: cyěy) in <a href="/wiki/%ED%9B%88%EB%AA%BD%EC%9E%90%ED%9A%8C" title="훈몽자회">Hunmong Jahoe</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ko:s:%ED%9B%88%EB%AA%BD%EC%9E%90%ED%9A%8C/%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%9E#하32A" class="extiw" title="w:ko:s:훈몽자회/雜語">訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회</a>), 1527. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#eaecf0;">Early Modern Korean </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#f8f9fa; min-width:30%;">Text</td> <td colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background-color:#f8f9fa;">Final (韻)</td> <td colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background-color:#f8f9fa; min-width:25%;">Reading </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff;">Samun Seonghwi, 1751</td> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B1%B4%EB%84%88%EB%8B%A4" title="건너다">건널</a> 졔</td> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff;">Recorded as <a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_Korean" title="Early Modern Korean">Early Modern Korean</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A1%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="졔 (page does not exist)">졔</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Korean" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Korean">Yale</a>: cyey) in Juhae Cheonjamun (註解千字文 / 주해천자문), 1804. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <dl><dt>“many”</dt></dl> From <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">Middle Chinese</a> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Chinese">濟</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">MC</a> tsejX). <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" style="width:60%; background-color:#f8f9fa;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center">Historical Readings </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#eaecf0;"><span class="explain" title="A system of somewhat artificial readings that had sought to capture traditional phonetic distinctions of Middle Chinese which were often unrealistic in Korean—fell out of use after the 1480s.">Dongguk Jeongun Reading </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff;">Dongguk Jeongun, 1448</td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff; min-width:65%;">Recorded as <a href="/wiki/Middle_Korean" title="Middle Korean">Middle Korean</a> 졩〯 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Korean" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Korean">Yale</a>: cyěy?) in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongguk_Jeongun" class="extiw" title="w:Dongguk Jeongun">Dongguk Jeongun</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ko:s:%EB%8F%99%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%95%EC%9A%B4" class="extiw" title="w:ko:s:동국정운">東國正韻 / 동국정운</a>), 1448. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#eaecf0;">Early Modern Korean </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#f8f9fa; min-width:30%;">Text</td> <td colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background-color:#f8f9fa;">Final (韻)</td> <td colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background-color:#f8f9fa; min-width:25%;">Reading </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff;">Samun Seonghwi, 1751</td> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%84%B1%ED%95%98%EB%8B%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="성하다 (page does not exist)">셩ᄒᆞᆯ</a> 졔</td> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:#ffffff;">Recorded as <a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_Korean" title="Early Modern Korean">Early Modern Korean</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A1%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="졔 (page does not exist)">졔</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Korean" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Korean">Yale</a>: cyey) in Juhae Cheonjamun (註解千字文 / 주해천자문), 1804. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_4">Pronunciation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Pronunciation">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korean_standard_language" class="extiw" title="w:South Korean standard language">SK Standard</a>/<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seoul_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Seoul dialect">Seoul</a>) <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Korean_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Korean pronunciation">key</a>): [t͡ɕe̞(ː)]</li><li class="ko-pron__ph">Phonetic hangul: [제(ː)]<ul><li class="ko-pron__note-vowel-length">Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.</li></ul></li></ul><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81570684">.mw-parser-output table.ko-pron{border:1px solid #DFDFDF;min-width:13em;display:table}.mw-parser-output table.ko-pron th{padding:.4em;color:var(--wikt-palette-black,#202122);text-align:left;background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lavender,#f8f8ff)}.mw-parser-output table.ko-pron td{padding:.4em}.mw-parser-output .ko-pron__ph{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .ko-pron__ph b{font-size:inherit;color:#BF0218}.mw-parser-output .ko-pron__note-vowel-length{font-size:smaller;color:#666;font-style:italic}</style> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hanja">Hanja</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Hanja">edit</a>]</div> <div class="sister-wikisource sister-project noprint floatright" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 250px; padding: 4px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/45px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/68px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/90px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;">Korean <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ko:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%AC%B8%ED%97%8C" class="extiw" title="w:ko:위키문헌">Wikisource</a> has texts containing the <a href="/wiki/hanja" title="hanja">hanja</a>: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/ko:Special:Search/%22%E6%BF%9F%22" class="extiw" title="wikisource:ko:Special:Search/"濟"">濟</a></div> </div> </div> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/%E6%BF%9F" class="extiw" title="d:濟">Wikisource</a> 濟 (<a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%ED%9B%88#Korean" title="음훈">eumhun</a> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B1%B4%EB%84%88%EB%8B%A4#Korean" title="건너다">건널</a> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C#Korean" title="제">제</a> (geonneol je)) <ol><li><a href="/wiki/hanja#English" title="hanja">hanja</a> form<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Korean_script" title="Appendix:Korean script">?</a> of <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C#Korean" title="제">제</a> (“to <a href="/wiki/help#Verb" title="help">help</a>; to <a href="/wiki/aid#Verb" title="aid">aid</a>; to <a href="/wiki/relieve" title="relieve">relieve</a>”)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#literary" title="Appendix:Glossary">literary</a>) <a href="/wiki/hanja#English" title="hanja">hanja</a> form<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Korean_script" title="Appendix:Korean script">?</a> of <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C#Korean" title="제">제</a> (“to <a href="/wiki/cross#Verb" title="cross">cross</a> a <a href="/wiki/river" title="river">river</a>”)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#literary" title="Appendix:Glossary">literary</a>) <a href="/wiki/hanja#English" title="hanja">hanja</a> form<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Korean_script" title="Appendix:Korean script">?</a> of <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C#Korean" title="제">제</a> (“<a href="/wiki/many" title="many">many</a>”) <dl><dd>제제 (濟濟) ― jeje ― (of people) many</dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compounds_4">Compounds</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Compounds">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">Compounds</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="3" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" title="제도">제도</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟度 (page does not exist)">濟度</a>, jedo)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%9C%EB%AF%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="제민 (page does not exist)">제민</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E6%B0%91#Korean" title="濟民">濟民</a>, jemin)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%9C%EB%B9%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="제빈 (page does not exist)">제빈</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E8%B2%A7#Korean" title="濟貧">濟貧</a>, jebin)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%9C%EC%83%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="제생 (page does not exist)">제생</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟生 (page does not exist)">濟生</a>, jesaeng)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%9C%EC%84%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="제세 (page does not exist)">제세</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E4%B8%96#Korean" title="濟世">濟世</a>, jese)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%9C%EC%A0%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="제제 (page does not exist)">제제</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E6%BF%9F#Korean" title="濟濟">濟濟</a>, jeje)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%A3%BC" title="제주">제주</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%B7%9E#Korean" title="濟州">濟州</a>, Jeju)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A0%9C%EC%A4%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="제중 (page does not exist)">제중</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E8%A1%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟衆 (page does not exist)">濟衆</a>, jejung)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%ED%99%94" title="제화">제화</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濟化 (page does not exist)">濟化</a>, jehwa)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B0%9C%EC%A0%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="개제 (page does not exist)">개제</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%86%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皆濟 (page does not exist)">皆濟</a>, gaeje)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C" title="경제">경제</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F#Korean" title="經濟">經濟</a>, gyeongje)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B4%91%EC%A0%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="광제 (page does not exist)">광제</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%A3%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="廣濟 (page does not exist)">廣濟</a>, gwangje)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%A0%9C" title="구제">구제</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%91%E6%BF%9F#Korean" title="救濟">救濟</a>, guje)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%B1%EC%A0%9C" title="백제">백제</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%BF%9F#Korean" title="百濟">百濟</a>, Baekje)</li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References_2">References</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://hanjadoc.com/dic/read.asp?table=board&m_no=6509">[4]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vietnamese">Vietnamese</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Vietnamese">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Han_character_2">Han character</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Han character">edit</a>]</div> 濟: <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1n_Vi%E1%BB%87t" title="Hán Việt">Hán Việt</a> readings: <a href="/wiki/t%E1%BA%BF#Vietnamese" title="tế">tế</a> (<ruby><rb><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90#Vietnamese" title="子">子</a></rb><rp>(</rp><rt><a href="/wiki/t%E1%BB%AD#Vietnamese" title="tử">tử</a></rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby><rb><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AE#Vietnamese" title="禮">禮</a></rb><rp>(</rp><rt><a href="/wiki/l%E1%BB%85#Vietnamese" title="lễ">lễ</a></rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><a href="/wiki/fanqie#English" title="fanqie"><ruby><rb>切</rb><rp>(</rp><rt>thiết</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby></a>)<a href="#cite_note-tdcntd-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-gdhn-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-bonet-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-genibrel-4">[4]</a> 濟: <a href="/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m" title="chữ Nôm">Nôm</a> readings: <a href="/wiki/t%E1%BA%BF#Vietnamese" title="tế">tế</a><a href="#cite_note-tdcntd-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-bonet-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-taberd-5">[5]</a> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/ch%E1%BB%AF_H%C3%A1n#Vietnamese" title="chữ Hán">chữ Hán</a> form of <a href="/wiki/t%E1%BA%BF#Vietnamese" title="tế">tế</a> (“to <a href="/wiki/help#Verb" title="help">help</a>; to <a href="/wiki/aid#Verb" title="aid">aid</a>; to <a href="/wiki/relieve" title="relieve">relieve</a>”).</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compounds_5">Compounds</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Compounds">edit</a>]</div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">Compounds</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="3" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%B7%9E#Vietnamese" title="濟州">濟州</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=T%E1%BA%BF_Ch%C3%A2u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tế Châu (page does not exist)">Tế Châu</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%BF%9F#Vietnamese" title="百濟">百濟</a> (<a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1ch_T%E1%BA%BF#Vietnamese" title="Bách Tế">Bách Tế</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%91%E6%BF%9F#Vietnamese" title="救濟">救濟</a> (<a href="/wiki/c%E1%BB%A9u_t%E1%BA%BF#Vietnamese" title="cứu tế">cứu tế</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F#Vietnamese" title="經濟">經濟</a> (<a href="/wiki/kinh_t%E1%BA%BF#Vietnamese" title="kinh tế">kinh tế</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%86%AB%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="醫濟 (page does not exist)">醫濟</a> (<a href="/wiki/y_t%E1%BA%BF#Vietnamese" title="y tế">y tế</a>)</li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References_3">References</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-tdcntd-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-tdcntd_1-0">1.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tdcntd_1-1">1.1</a> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Vietnamese/references#N" title="Wiktionary:About Vietnamese/references">Nguyễn et al. (2009).</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-gdhn-2"><a href="#cite_ref-gdhn_2-0"> ^ </a> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Vietnamese/references#T" title="Wiktionary:About Vietnamese/references">Trần (2004).</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-bonet-3">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-bonet_3-0">3.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bonet_3-1">3.1</a> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Vietnamese/references#B" title="Wiktionary:About Vietnamese/references">Bonet (1899).</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-genibrel-4"><a href="#cite_ref-genibrel_4-0"> ^ </a> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Vietnamese/references#G" title="Wiktionary:About Vietnamese/references">Génibrel (1898).</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-taberd-5"><a href="#cite_ref-taberd_5-0"> ^ </a> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About_Vietnamese/references#T" title="Wiktionary:About Vietnamese/references">Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).</a> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" 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