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id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Educational_Ranking_by_Religious_Group_-_2001.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Educational_Ranking_by_Religious_Group_-_2001.png/250px-Educational_Ranking_by_Religious_Group_-_2001.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Educational_Ranking_by_Religious_Group_-_2001.png/375px-Educational_Ranking_by_Religious_Group_-_2001.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Educational_Ranking_by_Religious_Group_-_2001.png/500px-Educational_Ranking_by_Religious_Group_-_2001.png 2x" data-file-width="1139" data-file-height="665" /></a><figcaption>Skillnader i utbildningsnivå bland religiösa grupper i USA, 2001 ARIS data.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Statistiska samband mellan <b>religiositet och utbildningsnivå</b> har studerats sedan senare halvan av 1900-talet, och diskuteras bland annat inom <a href="/wiki/Religionssociologi" title="Religionssociologi">religionssociologi</a> och <a href="/wiki/Religionspsykologi" title="Religionspsykologi">religionspsykologi</a>. Syftet kan vara att förstå <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religioners</a> både positiva och negativa betydelse för <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4skunnighet" title="Läskunnighet">läskunnighet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Demokratisering" title="Demokratisering">demokratisering</a> och <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4lf%C3%A4rd" title="Välfärd">välfärd</a>, att förstå läskunnighetens betydelse för spridande av <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4seri" class="mw-redirect" title="Läseri">läseri</a> och nya <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4ckelser%C3%B6relse" class="mw-redirect" title="Väckelserörelse">väckelserörelser</a>, och att förstå hur välfärd och <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6gre_utbildning" title="Högre utbildning">högre utbildning</a> i sin tur bidrar till <a href="/wiki/Sekularisering" title="Sekularisering">sekulariseringen</a> i ett land. </p><p>Olika studier leder till kontrasterande slutsatser gällande om sambandet är positivt eller negativt, med anmärkningsvärda skillnader mellan generationer och länder, och beroende på om "religiositet" mäts som religionsutövande (som till exempel frekvensen av besök i religiösa byggnader) eller som religiös övertygelser (till exempel tro på mirakel eller gudomars existens). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skillnad_mellan_generationer_och_mellan_länder"><span id="Skillnad_mellan_generationer_och_mellan_l.C3.A4nder"></span>Skillnad mellan generationer och mellan länder</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Skillnad mellan generationer och mellan länder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Skillnad mellan generationer och mellan länder"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Studier visar att det tidigare negativa sambandet mellan religiositet och utbildningsnivå har blivit positivt i senare generationer i Storbritannien<sup id="cite_ref-Voas_Brit_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Voas_Brit-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och USA<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_Souls_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith_Souls-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>En undersökning från 2012 tyder på en positiv korrelation mellan religiositet och utbildningsnivå i afrikanska länder (det vill säga de som har en tro har i genomsnitt högre utbildningsnivå), och negativ korrelation mellan religiositet och utbildningsnivå i västvärlden (det vill säga att troende som grupp har lägre utbildningsnivå). Den visar dock att korrelationen mellan kyrkobesökande och utbildningsnivå är positiv i engelsktalande länder, ej påvisbar (inom felmarginalen) i protestantiska delen av Europa, och negativ i katolska Europa.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> År 2000 fann man en negativ korrelation mellan utbildning och religiositet i USA, men resultaten var osäkra vad gäller samhällsvetenskap.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En Gallupundersökning år 2006 ger ytterligare stöd för tanken att tron på en gud minskar med utbildningsnivån.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skillnad_beroende_på_hur_religiositet_mäts"><span id="Skillnad_beroende_p.C3.A5_hur_religiositet_m.C3.A4ts"></span>Skillnad beroende på hur religiositet mäts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Skillnad beroende på hur religiositet mäts" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Skillnad beroende på hur religiositet mäts"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En internationell studie från 1998 visar att i vissa västerländska nationer minskar intensiteten i övertygelser med utbildning, medan utbildningsnivån ökar med religionsutövandet.<sup id="cite_ref-Sacerdote_Glaeser_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sacerdote_Glaeser-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Exempelvis är majoriteten av universitetsprofessorer i USA, även vid "elituniversitet", religiösa, enligt en studie, och flera studier tyder på att religiösa har högre utbildning än icke-religiösa.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_Evangelicals_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith_Evangelicals-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I en studie i USA från 1999 visade det sig att 90 % av befolkningen hade en klar tro på en personlig gud och på ett liv efter detta, medan bara 5 % av vetenskapsmännen med universitetsexamen (BS) gjorde det<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. En annan studie, från 1988, fann att drygt 5 % av matematikerna, knappt 10 % av biologerna och något över 15 % av fysikerna tror på Gud.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I en undersökning 1988<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gjord av Larson och Witham omfattande alla 517 medlemmarna av amerikanska vetenskapsakademin visade att 72,2 % saknade tro på en personlig gud och 20,8 % uttryckte tvivel eller <a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">agnosticism</a> medan 7,0 % gav uttryck för en personlig tro. Detta var en uppföljningsstudie av deras tidigare undersökning 1996<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> som i sin tur var en uppföljning av en tidigare studie av James Leuba från 1916<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antiintellektualism" title="Antiintellektualism">Antiintellektualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rh%C3%A5llandet_mellan_vetenskap_och_religion" title="Förhållandet mellan vetenskap och religion">Förhållandet mellan vetenskap och religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekularisering" title="Sekularisering">Sekularisering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universitetskyrka" title="Universitetskyrka">Universitetskyrka</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFKosminKeysar2006">Kosmin, Barry A.; Keysar, Ariela (2006). <i><span>Religion in a Free Market Religious and Non-Religious Americans: Who, What, Why, Where</span></i>. Ithaca, NY: Paramount Market Publ. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/097669736X" title="Special:Bokkällor/097669736X">ISBN 097669736X</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+in+a+Free+Market+Religious+and+Non-Religious+Americans%3A+Who%2C+What%2C+Why%2C+Where&rft.aulast=Kosmin&rft.aufirst=Barry+A.&rft.au=Kosmin%2C+Barry+A.&rft.au=Keysar%2C+Ariela&rft.date=2006&rft.place=Ithaca%2C+NY&rft.pub=Paramount+Market+Publ.&rft.isbn=097669736X&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Voas_Brit-2"><a href="#cite_ref-Voas_Brit_2-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFDavid_Voas_and_Siobhan_McAndrew2014">David Voas and Siobhan McAndrew (2014). ”Three Puzzles of Non-religion in Britain”. i Arweck, Elisabeth; Bullivant, Stephen; Lee, Lois. <i><span>Secularity and Non-religion</span></i>. London: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/9780415710442" title="Special:Bokkällor/9780415710442">ISBN 9780415710442</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Three+Puzzles+of+Non-religion+in+Britain&rft.atitle=Secularity+and+Non-religion&rft.aulast=David+Voas+and+Siobhan+McAndrew&rft.au=David+Voas+and+Siobhan+McAndrew&rft.date=2014&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.isbn=9780415710442&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Smith_Souls-3"><a href="#cite_ref-Smith_Souls_3-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFSmithSnell2009">Smith, Christian; Snell, Patricia (2009). <i><span>Souls in Transition: The Religious and Spiritual Lives of Emerging adults</span></i>. Oxford University Press. sid. 248–251. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/9780195371796" title="Special:Bokkällor/9780195371796">ISBN 9780195371796</a>.  ”However, something very interesting emerged when scholars took a second look at the question more recently. They found that the religiously undermining effect of higher education on recent generation of youth disappeared. Most of the older research was conducted on baby boomers for whom college did indeed corrode religious faith and practice. But many studies more recently have shown that conventional wisdom about baby boomers does not apply to today's youth. Higher education no longer seem to diminish religion in emerging adults." "In every case, emerging adults are slightly more religious than those who are not in college, although only the differences in overall religiousness and service attendance are statistically significant. In short, if anything, it is <i>not</i> attending college that is associated with lower levels of religious practice, though those differences are slight.”</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Souls+in+Transition%3A+The+Religious+and+Spiritual+Lives+of+Emerging+adults&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft.au=Smith%2C+Christian&rft.au=Snell%2C+Patricia&rft.date=2009&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B248%E2%80%93251&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.isbn=9780195371796&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?pid=S1413-389X2012000100009&script=sci_arttext">http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?pid=S1413-389X2012000100009&script=sci_arttext</a> "Is it smart to believe in God? The relationship of religiosity with education and intelligence"], 2012, Table II.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.livescience.com/othernews/050811_scientists_god.html">http://www.livescience.com/othernews/050811_scientists_god.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060828012252/http://poll.gallup.com/content/?ci=23470">”Arkiverade kopian”</a>. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://poll.gallup.com/content/?ci=23470">originalet</a> den 28 augusti 2006<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060828012252/http://poll.gallup.com/content/?ci=23470">https://web.archive.org/web/20060828012252/http://poll.gallup.com/content/?ci=23470</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 12 april 2017</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Arkiverade+kopian&rft.atitle=&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20060828012252%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fpoll.gallup.com%2Fcontent%2F%3Fci%3D23470&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sacerdote_Glaeser-7"><a href="#cite_ref-Sacerdote_Glaeser_7-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFSacerdoteGlaeser2001">Sacerdote, Bruce; Glaeser, Edward L. (January 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholar.harvard.edu/files/glaeser/files/w8080.pdf">”Education and Religion”</a>. National Bureau of Economic Research. 29<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://scholar.harvard.edu/files/glaeser/files/w8080.pdf">http://scholar.harvard.edu/files/glaeser/files/w8080.pdf</a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Education+and+Religion&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Sacerdote&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.au=Sacerdote%2C+Bruce&rft.au=Glaeser%2C+Edward+L.&rft.date=January+2001&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Economic+Research&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholar.harvard.edu%2Ffiles%2Fglaeser%2Ffiles%2Fw8080.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Smith_Evangelicals-8"><a href="#cite_ref-Smith_Evangelicals_8-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFSmith1998">Smith, Christian (1998). <i><span>American Evangelicalism: Embattled and Thriving</span></i>. University of Chicago Press. sid. 76–77. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/978-0226764191" title="Special:Bokkällor/978-0226764191">ISBN 978-0226764191</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Evangelicalism%3A+Embattled+and+Thriving&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft.au=Smith%2C+Christian&rft.date=1998&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B76%E2%80%9377&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.isbn=978-0226764191&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Religiositet_och_utbildningsniv%C3%A5"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Scientific American</i>, september 1999</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Sceptic</i>, 1988 vol.6 #2.8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Nature</i>, 1988 <b>394</b> (6691), 313. "Leading scientists still reject God" <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v394/n6691/full/394313a0_fs.html">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Nature</i>, 1987 <b>386</b>, 435--436. "Scientists are still keeping the faith"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Leuba, J. H., The Belief in God and Immortality: A Psychological, Anthropological and Statistical Study. Sherman, French & Co., Boston. 1916</span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religiositet_och_utbildningsnivå&oldid=54190192">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religiositet_och_utbildningsnivå&oldid=54190192</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Religion" title="Kategori:Religion">Religion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Utbildning" title="Kategori:Utbildning">Utbildning</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Dold kategori: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Wikipedia:Projekt_%C3%B6vers%C3%A4tta_k%C3%A4llmallar" title="Kategori:Wikipedia:Projekt översätta källmallar">Wikipedia:Projekt översätta källmallar</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 5 december 2023 kl. 12.00.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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