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class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Government and politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture/Cityscape" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture/Cityscape"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Culture/Cityscape</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture/Cityscape-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture/Cityscape subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture/Cityscape-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tourist_Attractions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourist_Attractions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Tourist Attractions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourist_Attractions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Colleges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Colleges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Periyakulam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periyakulam" title="Periyakulam – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Periyakulam" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periyakulam" title="Periyakulam – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Periyakulam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="پریاکولام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پریاکولام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periyakulam" title="Periyakulam – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Periyakulam" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE" title="पेरियकुलम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पेरियकुलम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE" title="পেরিয়াকুলম – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="পেরিয়াকুলম" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periyakulam" title="Periyakulam – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Periyakulam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periyakulam" title="Periyakulam – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Periyakulam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9A%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0" title="ペリヤクラム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ペリヤクラム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%AE" title="ପେରିୟାକୁଲମ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ପେରିୟାକୁଲମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periyakulam" title="Periyakulam – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Periyakulam" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periyakulam" title="Periyakulam – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Periyakulam" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periyakulam" title="Periyakulam – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Periyakulam" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பெரியகுளம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பெரியகுளம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periyakulam" title="Periyakulam – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Periyakulam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E9%87%8C%E8%80%B6%E5%BA%93%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86" title="佩里耶库拉姆 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="佩里耶库拉姆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2543104#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Periyakulam&params=10.1239_N_77.5475_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°07′26″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°32′51″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.1239°N 77.5475°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.1239; 77.5475</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Periyakulam" title="Special:EditPage/Periyakulam">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Periyakulam%22">"Periyakulam"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Periyakulam%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Periyakulam%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Periyakulam%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Periyakulam%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Periyakulam%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Periyakulam</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">KuzhanthaimaaNagar</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">Town</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Varaga_Nathi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Varaha Nathi, View from Thenkarai"><img alt="Varaha Nathi, View from Thenkarai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Varaga_Nathi.jpg/250px-Varaga_Nathi.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Varaga_Nathi.jpg/375px-Varaga_Nathi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Varaga_Nathi.jpg/500px-Varaga_Nathi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Varaha Nathi, View from Thenkarai</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Mango city</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Periyakulam is located in Tamil Nadu"><img alt="Periyakulam is located in Tamil Nadu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg/250px-India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg/375px-India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg/500px-India_Tamil_Nadu_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1591" data-file-height="1975" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:61.419%;left:29.695%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Periyakulam"><img alt="Periyakulam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Periyakulam</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Periyakulam, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Periyakulam&params=10.1239_N_77.5475_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°07′26″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°32′51″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.1239°N 77.5475°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.1239; 77.5475</span></span></span></a></span></span><a class="external autonumber" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Periyakulam&params=10.1239_N_77.5475_E_type:city(42976)_region:IN-TN">[1]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="States and territories of India">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Zone</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Madurai" title="Madurai">Madurai</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of districts of India">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Theni_district" title="Theni district">Theni</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Second Grade Municipality</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Periyakulam Municipality</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 km<sup>2</sup> (5 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">326 m (1,070 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2011)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">42,976</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Language" title="Language">Languages</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Official</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B5:30" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+5:30">UTC+5:30</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_Index_Number" title="Postal Index Number">PIN</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">625601</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone" title="Telephone">Telephone</a> code</th><td class="infobox-data">04546</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">TN-60</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.tnurbantree.tn.gov.in/periyakulam/">https://www.tnurbantree.tn.gov.in/periyakulam/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Periyakulam</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Tamil:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ta-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Tamil" title="Help:IPA/Tamil">[peɾijagɯɭam]</a></span>) is a major town and a <a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipality</a> in <a href="/wiki/Theni_district" title="Theni district">Theni district</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Madurai" title="Madurai">Madurai</a> Region, <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South</a> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> <a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="States and territories of India">state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>. As of 2011, the town had a population of 42,976. Periyakulam is the northern gateway of the district. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name of this town derived from two Tamil words equivalent to "big lake" {in Tamil (<a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>: <span lang="ta">பெரிய</span>) means "big" and (<a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>: <span lang="ta">குளம்</span>) is "lake"}. In Tamil literature, the name of this town is Kulainthai Managaram (<a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>: <span lang="ta">குழந்தை மாநகரம்</span>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are three very old temples. The Balasubramaniam Swamy temple is located on the banks of the Varaha nadhi (Varaha river). Periyakovil Temple and Karanamoorthy Swamy temple are located on the Periyakulam pond. South east side Kailasanathar temple located in the hills.<sup id="cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Periyakulam is a city most picturesquely situated on the palm fringed banks of the Varaganathi, a perennial river with the great wall of the Kodaikanal hills.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Periyakulam (PKM) is located at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Periyakulam&params=10.07_N_77.33_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°04′N</span> <span class="longitude">77°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.07°N 77.33°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.07; 77.33</span></span></span></a></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has an average elevation of 282 metres (925 feet). It is located at the foothills of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Ghats" title="Western Ghats">Western Ghats</a> bordering the neighbouring state of <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>. It is one of the most fertile places in the state of Tamil Nadu. Agriculture is the primary occupation for the population here. It is also known as the "Mango City", as a major supply of <a href="/wiki/Mangoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangoes">mangoes</a> from this city goes into Tamil Nadu's mango output. It stands on the bank of the 'Varaha' (in Hindu mythology, Lord Maha Vishnu's Boar incarnation) river. It is a fertile area that has an annual supply of surplus rainfall. Periyakulam riverine wetland is situated at latitude 8°10'26"North and longitude 77°18'36"East in Udayar pallam, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu. The average rainfall of that area is 145 cm. The water of the wetland is mainly used for drinking and irrigation purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The villages that are included are Keelavadakarai, Kailasapatti, T. Kallipatti, Thamarai kulam, Vadugapatti, Melmangalam and Jeyamangalam villages that also stand on the banks of the Varaha River. The original town was near New ground but later shifted due to plague scare. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Topography">Topography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Topography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Periyakulam City has an area of 21 km<sup>2</sup>, within an urban area now extending over as much as 55 km<sup>2</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Periyakulam2012-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it is located at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Periyakulam&params=10.07_N_77.33_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">10°04′N</span> <span class="longitude">77°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">10.07°N 77.33°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">10.07; 77.33</span></span></span></a></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has an average elevation of 356 m above mean sea level.<sup id="cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Periyakulam2012-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The climate is salubrious, with northeast monsoon rains during October–December.<sup id="cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Periyakulam2012-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Temperatures during summer reach a maximum of 40 °C and a minimum of 26.3 °C, though temperatures over 43 °C are not uncommon.<sup id="cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Periyakulam2012-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Winter temperatures range between 29.6 °C and 18 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Periyakulam2012-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average annual rainfall is about 105 cm. The lowest temperature reached in 2019 was 14.1 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Periyakulam2012-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population">Population</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/2011_census_of_India" title="2011 census of India">2011 census</a>, Periyakulam had a population of 42,976 with a sex-ratio of 1,013 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.<sup id="cite_ref-dashboard_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dashboard-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A total of 4,095 were under the age of six, constituting 2,081 males and 2,014 females. <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_Castes_and_Scheduled_Tribes" title="Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes">Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes</a> accounted for 15.02% and 0.01% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 79.84%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.<sup id="cite_ref-dashboard_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dashboard-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town had a total of 11,401 households. There were a total of 14,857 workers, comprising 523 cultivators, 3,051 main agricultural labourers, 272 in house hold industries, 9,492 other workers, 1,519 marginal workers, 25 marginal cultivators, 809 marginal agricultural labourers, 60 marginal workers in household industries and 625 other marginal workers.<sup id="cite_ref-2011census_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011census-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The population has been declining since the 1990s. According to World Gazetteer the population as of 2012 is only 39,185 down from 46,744 in 1991 which would mean that Periyakulam has only 8,000 people more than it did in 1951. This would make it one of the few cities in India to have a marginal population increase since 1951.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tamil is spoken predominantly in and around Periyakulam. Madurai Tamil is the standard dialect spoken.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Periyakulam was a Lok sabha constituency. Now Periyakulam assembly constituency is a part of <a href="/wiki/Theni_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Theni (Lok Sabha constituency)">Theni (Lok Sabha constituency)</a>. Mr. <a href="/wiki/O._Panneerselvam" title="O. Panneerselvam">O. Panneerselvam</a>, Periyakulam assembly constituency in 2001 and 2006. He is now elected from Bodinayakkanur constituency.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Periyakulam comes under Theni Lok Sabha Constituency and is now represented by <a href="/wiki/Raveendranath_Kumar" class="mw-redirect" title="Raveendranath Kumar">Ravindhranath</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture/Cityscape"><span id="Culture.2FCityscape"></span>Culture/Cityscape</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Culture/Cityscape"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Periyakulam is also known as ‘Mango City’ and is known for its sweet Mangoes. Periyakulam is also known for its sweet water which comes from the Berijam Lake kodaikanal. It has nice weather throughout the year. </p><p>Periyakulam is an undesigned river-based settlement city which located "Theni district" in India.<sup id="cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city has been divided into two major divisions by the river: Thenkarai (southern part) and Vadakarai (northern part). The streets around the city are based upon communal settlements symbolizing the structure of the cosmos.<sup id="cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It owns rich resources with bunch of historical relics such as "archaeological vestiges, inscriptions and ancient temples".<sup id="cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also regarded as a "holy space" that catches people's attention.<sup id="cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourist_Attractions">Tourist Attractions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Tourist Attractions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Periyakulam itself has so many tourist places; also around Periyakulam, you can find a number of tourist locations.<sup id="cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To name a few, Sothuparai Dam (9 km), Kumbakarai Falls (8 km), Theertha Thotti (2 km), <a href="/wiki/Vaigai_Dam" title="Vaigai Dam">Vaigai Dam</a> (15 km), Manjalar Dam (18 km), Kodaikanal (49 km via Kumbakarai, Adukkam) (72 km via devathanapatty) <a href="/wiki/Thekkady" title="Thekkady">Thekkady</a> (80 km), Surulithirtham (60 km), <a href="/wiki/Munnar" title="Munnar">Munnar</a> (103 km) and many more. MaruthaNayagam Masjid located in Vadagarai (legs of Marutha Nayagam was buried in this Masjid). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kumbakkarai_Falls" title="Kumbakkarai Falls">Kumbakkarai waterfalls</a> are located 8 km away from Periyakulam.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This waterfalls was supposed to be a very dangerous waterfalls with lot of pits. Hence people used to be afraid to go near to the falls. In 1942 an affluent business person Thiru K Chellam Iyer Properitor of Bavani Krishna Vilas Hotel - Periyakulam, dredged the entire falls area, closed the dangerous holes, constructed dressing rooms, in the falls and staircases for safe access to the falls.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With his efforts Kumbakkarai waterfalls developed to be a tourist spot. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The school at Periyakulam is Victoria Memorial High School which caters to education in the town. </p><p>The Horticultural College & Research Institute (HC & RI), one of the constituency colleges of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, is located at Periyakulam. Government Nursing college is located at Periyakulam. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colleges">Colleges</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Colleges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Directory plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-directory" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>reads like <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTDIRECTORY" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTDIRECTORY">a directory</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Wikipedia policy generally considers directories in articles to be unencyclopedic and potential <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam" title="Wikipedia:Spam">spam</a>. Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit">improve this article</a> to conform to a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists">higher standard of quality</a>, and to make it neutral in tone. If it cannot be properly modified, the article is likely to be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging" title="Wikipedia:Merging">merged</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect" title="Wikipedia:Redirect">redirected</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy" title="Wikipedia:Deletion policy">deleted</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li>Jayaraj Annapakiyan College of arts and Science, Tamarikulam post, government</li> <li>Government college of Horticulture</li> <li>VPV college of engineering, D. Vadipatti post</li> <li>Mary Matha college of arts and Science</li> <li>Government College of Nursing, Theni district head govt hospital</li> <li>Devangar Polytechnic College</li> <li>Thanga muthu Polytechnic College</li> <li>Thiraviyam group of institutions</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Periyakulam" title="Special:EditPage/Periyakulam">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bala_(director)" title="Bala (director)">Bala</a>, film director; National Film Award for best direction</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu._Metha" title="Mu. Metha">Mu. Metha</a>, Tamil poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._Panneerselvam" title="O. Panneerselvam">O. Panneerselvam</a>, Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singampuli" title="Singampuli">Singampuli</a>, film actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_Sundarrajan" title="Major Sundarrajan">Major Sundarrajan</a>, film actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vairamuthu" title="Vairamuthu">Vairamuthu</a>, Indian lyricist and poet</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">World Gazetteer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Creagh_&_Bradley_2007_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCreaghBradley2007" class="citation book cs1">Creagh, Dudley; Bradley, David, eds. (2007). <i>Physical Techniques in the Study of Art, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage</i>. Vol. 2. Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs1871-1731%2807%29x8002-3">10.1016/s1871-1731(07)x8002-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-444-52856-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-444-52856-8"><bdi>978-0-444-52856-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Physical+Techniques+in+the+Study+of+Art%2C+Archaeology+and+Cultural+Heritage&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fs1871-1731%2807%29x8002-3&rft.isbn=978-0-444-52856-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeriyakulam" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (September 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (July 2021)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tnurbantree.tn.gov.in/periyakulam/">"History of Municipality and Municipality Place"</a>. <i>tnurbantree.tn.gov.in</i>. gov.in<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tnurbantree.tn.gov.in&rft.atitle=History+of+Municipality+and+Municipality+Place&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tnurbantree.tn.gov.in%2Fperiyakulam%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeriyakulam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/25/Periyakulam.html">Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Periyakulam</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/25/Periyakulam.html">"Maps, Weather, and Airports for Periyakulam, India"</a>. <i>www.fallingrain.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fallingrain.com&rft.atitle=Maps%2C+Weather%2C+and+Airports+for+Periyakulam%2C+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fallingrain.com%2Fworld%2FIN%2F25%2FPeriyakulam.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeriyakulam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Periyakulam2012-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Periyakulam2012_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Periyakulam</i>. Crypt Publishing. 2012. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-613-8-88162-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-613-8-88162-9"><bdi>978-613-8-88162-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/935255044">935255044</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Periyakulam&rft.pub=Crypt+Publishing&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F935255044&rft.isbn=978-613-8-88162-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeriyakulam" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (September 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dashboard-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dashboard_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dashboard_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html">"Census Info 2011 Final population totals"</a>. Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+Info+2011+Final+population+totals&rft.pub=Office+of+The+Registrar+General+and+Census+Commissioner%2C+Ministry+of+Home+Affairs%2C+Government+of+India&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.gov.in%2F2011census%2Fcensusinfodashboard%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeriyakulam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2011census-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2011census_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=698983">"Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Periyakulam(05843)"</a>. Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Census+Info+2011+Final+population+totals+-+Periyakulam%2805843%29&rft.pub=Office+of+The+Registrar+General+and+Census+Commissioner%2C+Ministry+of+Home+Affairs%2C+Government+of+India&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.gov.in%2Fpca%2FSearchDetails.aspx%3FId%3D698983&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeriyakulam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShanmugalakshmiBalakrishnanManoharanPitchappan2003" class="citation journal cs1">Shanmugalakshmi, S.; Balakrishnan, K.; Manoharan, K.; Pitchappan, R.M. (June 2003). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tamil+Nadu&rft.atitle=List+of+Parliamentary+and+Assembly+Constituencies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.eci.gov.in%2Fse2001%2Fbackground%2FS22%2FTN_ACPC.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeriyakulam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=4964">"Members : Lok Sabha"</a>. <i>loksabhaph.nic.in</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.discovertamilnadu.net/tamilnadu%20dams%20and%20waterfalls.html">the original</a> on 23 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tamilnadu+waterfalls+%26+dams&rft.date=2009-09-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.discovertamilnadu.net%2Ftamilnadu%2520dams%2520and%2520waterfalls.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeriyakulam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBasu2019" class="citation news cs1">Basu, Soma (3 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/travel/a-day-trip-to-kumbakarai-falls/article28271351.ece">"A day trip to Kumbakarai falls"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-751X">0971-751X</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=A+day+trip+to+Kumbakarai+falls&rft.date=2019-07-03&rft.issn=0971-751X&rft.aulast=Basu&rft.aufirst=Soma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Flife-and-style%2Ftravel%2Fa-day-trip-to-kumbakarai-falls%2Farticle28271351.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeriyakulam" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periyakulam&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArtioliAngelini2010" class="citation book cs1">Artioli, Gilberto; Angelini, Ivana (2010). <i>Scientific Methods and Cultural Heritage: An Introduction to the Application of Materials Science to Archaeometry and Conservation Science</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954826-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954826-2"><bdi>978-0-19-954826-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scientific+Methods+and+Cultural+Heritage%3A+An+Introduction+to+the+Application+of+Materials+Science+to+Archaeometry+and+Conservation+Science&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-19-954826-2&rft.aulast=Artioli&rft.aufirst=Gilberto&rft.au=Angelini%2C+Ivana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeriyakulam" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuruganMuruganWins2015" class="citation journal cs1">Murugan, M.; Murugan, T.; Wins, J. Albino (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fisheriesjournal.com/archives/?year=2015&vol=2&issue=5&part=E&ArticleId=558">"Study of freshwater fish fauna in Periyakulam Riverine Wetland, Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu"</a>. <i>International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies</i>. <b>2</b> (5): 250–252.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Studies&rft.atitle=Study+of+freshwater+fish+fauna+in+Periyakulam+Riverine+Wetland%2C+Kanyakumari+district%2C+Tamilnadu&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=250-252&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Murugan&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Murugan%2C+T.&rft.au=Wins%2C+J.+Albino&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fisheriesjournal.com%2Farchives%2F%3Fyear%3D2015%26vol%3D2%26issue%3D5%26part%3DE%26ArticleId%3D558&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeriyakulam" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Periyakulam&params=10.1239_N_77.5475_E_type:city(42976)_region:IN-TN">GeoHack - Periyakulam</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080527101243/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/periyakulam/">Homepage of Periyakulam municipality</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Theni_district" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Theni_district" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Theni_district" title="Theni district">Theni district</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Taluks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andipatti_taluk" title="Andipatti taluk">Andipatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodinayakanur_taluk" title="Bodinayakanur taluk">Bodinayakanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periyakulam_taluk" title="Periyakulam taluk">Periyakulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theni_taluk" title="Theni taluk">Theni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uthamapalayam_taluk" title="Uthamapalayam taluk">Uthamapalayam</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theni_district.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Theni_district.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="151" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="134" data-file-height="151" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Revenue</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Revenue divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Periyakulam_division" title="Periyakulam division">Periyakulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uthamapalayam_division" title="Uthamapalayam division">Uthamapalayam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Revenue blocks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andipatti_block" title="Andipatti block">Andipatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodinayakanur_block" title="Bodinayakanur block">Bodinayakanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periyakulam_block" title="Periyakulam block">Periyakulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theni_block" title="Theni block">Theni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uthamapalayam_block" title="Uthamapalayam block">Uthamapalayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinnamanur_block" title="Chinnamanur block">Chinnamanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myladumparai_block" title="Myladumparai block">Myladumparai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbum_block" title="Cumbum block">Cumbum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and <br />towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andipatti" title="Andipatti">Andipatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andipatti_Jakkampatti" title="Andipatti Jakkampatti">Andipatti Jakkampatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Meenakshipuram" title="B. Meenakshipuram">B. Meenakshipuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodinayakkanur" title="Bodinayakkanur">Bodinayakkanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boothipuram" title="Boothipuram">Boothipuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinnamanur" title="Chinnamanur">Chinnamanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbum,_Tamil_Nadu" title="Cumbum, Tamil Nadu">Cumbum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devadanapatti" title="Devadanapatti">Devadanapatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudalur_(Theni_district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gudalur (Theni district)">Gudalur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanumanthampatti" title="Hanumanthampatti">Hanumanthampatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamayagoundanpatti" title="Kamayagoundanpatti">Kamayagoundanpatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombai,_Tamil_Nadu" title="Kombai, Tamil Nadu">Kombai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchanur" title="Kuchanur">Kuchanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markayankottai" title="Markayankottai">Markayankottai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melachokkanathapuram" title="Melachokkanathapuram">Melachokkanathapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odaipatti" title="Odaipatti">Odaipatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palani_Chettipatti" title="Palani Chettipatti">Palani Chettipatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannaipuram" title="Pannaipuram">Pannaipuram</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Periyakulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SukkangalPatti" title="SukkangalPatti">SukkangalPatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamaraikulam,_Theni" title="Thamaraikulam, Theni">Thamaraikulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theni" title="Theni">Theni</a> <small>(district headquarters)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theni_Allinagaram" title="Theni Allinagaram">Theni Allinagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thenkarai,_Theni" title="Thenkarai, Theni">Thenkarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thevaram" title="Thevaram">Thevaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uthamapalayam" title="Uthamapalayam">Uthamapalayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veerapandi,_Theni" title="Veerapandi, Theni">Veerapandi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anai_patti" title="Anai patti">Anai patti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaimalayanpatty" title="Anaimalayanpatty">Anaimalayanpatty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodimettu" title="Bodimettu">Bodimettu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasakkanayakkanur" title="Erasakkanayakkanur">Erasakkanayakkanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erumalainayakkanpatti" title="Erumalainayakkanpatti">Erumalainayakkanpatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganguvarpatti" title="Ganguvarpatti">Ganguvarpatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadamalaigundu" title="Kadamalaigundu">Kadamalaigundu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamatchipuram" title="Kamatchipuram">Kamatchipuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmipuram,_Theni" title="Lakshmipuram, Theni">Lakshmipuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marugalpatty" title="Marugalpatty">Marugalpatty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solaithevanpatti" title="Solaithevanpatti">Solaithevanpatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T.Subbulapuram" title="T.Subbulapuram">T.Subbulapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadakarai" title="Vadakarai">Vadakarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadugapatti,_Theni" title="Vadugapatti, Theni">Vadugapatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varusanadu" title="Varusanadu">Varusanadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venkatachalapuram" title="Venkatachalapuram">Venkatachalapuram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electoral <br />constituencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Lok_Sabha" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theni_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Theni (Lok Sabha constituency)">Theni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vidhan_Sabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Vidhan Sabha">Vidhan Sabha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodinayakkanur_(state_assembly_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodinayakkanur (state assembly constituency)">Bodinayakkanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbum_(state_assembly_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cumbum (state assembly constituency)">Cumbum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periyakulam_(state_assembly_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Periyakulam (state assembly constituency)">Periyakulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theni_(state_assembly_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Theni (state assembly constituency)">Theni</a> <small>(former)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Corporations_and_Municipalities_of_Tamil_Nadu" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Municipalities_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Template:Municipalities of Tamil Nadu"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Municipalities_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Template talk:Municipalities of Tamil Nadu"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities of Tamil Nadu"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Corporations_and_Municipalities_of_Tamil_Nadu" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Corporations and Municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipal_corporations_in_Tamil_Nadu" title="List of municipal corporations in Tamil Nadu">Corporations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avadi_Municipal_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Avadi Municipal Corporation">Avadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Chennai_Corporation" title="Greater Chennai Corporation">Chennai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coimbatore_Municipal_Corporation" title="Coimbatore Municipal Corporation">Coimbatore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuddalore_Municipal_corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuddalore Municipal corporation">Cuddalore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dindigul_Municipal_Corporation" title="Dindigul Municipal Corporation">Dindigul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erode_Municipal_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Erode Municipal Corporation">Erode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosur_Municipal_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hosur Municipal Corporation">Hosur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kancheepuram_Municipal_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Kancheepuram Municipal Corporation">Kancheepuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaikudi_Municipal_Corporation" title="Karaikudi Municipal Corporation">Karaikudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karur_Municipal_corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Karur Municipal corporation">Karur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumbakonam_Municipal_Corporation" title="Kumbakonam Municipal Corporation">Kumbakonam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madurai_Municipal_Corporation" title="Madurai Municipal Corporation">Madurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagercoil_Municipal_Corporation" title="Nagercoil Municipal Corporation">Nagercoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namakkal_Municipal_Corporation" title="Namakkal Municipal Corporation">Namakkal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pudukottai_Municipal_Corporation" title="Pudukottai Municipal Corporation">Pudukkottai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem_Municipal_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Salem Municipal Corporation">Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivakasi_Municipal_corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Sivakasi Municipal corporation">Sivakasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambaram_Municipal_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Tambaram Municipal Corporation">Tambaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanjavur_Municipal_Corporation" title="Thanjavur Municipal Corporation">Thanjavur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thoothukkudi_City_Municipal_Corporation" title="Thoothukkudi City Municipal Corporation">Thoothukkudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruchirappalli_Municipal_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiruchirappalli Municipal Corporation">Tiruchirappalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirunelveli_Municipal_Corporation" title="Tirunelveli Municipal Corporation">Tirunelveli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruppur_Municipal_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiruppur Municipal Corporation">Tiruppur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruvannamalai_Municipal_Corporation" title="Tiruvannamalai Municipal Corporation">Tiruvannamalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellore_Municipal_Corporation" title="Vellore Municipal Corporation">Vellore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_Local_bodies_in_Tamil_Nadu" class="mw-redirect" title="List of urban Local bodies in Tamil Nadu">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special grade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharmapuri" title="Dharmapuri">Dharmapuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodaikanal" title="Kodaikanal">Kodaikanal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kovilpatti" title="Kovilpatti">Kovilpatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnagiri" title="Krishnagiri">Krishnagiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maraimalai_Nagar" title="Maraimalai Nagar">Maraimalai Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayiladuthurai" title="Mayiladuthurai">Mayiladuthurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollachi" title="Pollachi">Pollachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajapalayam" title="Rajapalayam">Rajapalayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanathapuram" title="Ramanathapuram">Ramanathapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theni_Allinagaram" title="Theni Allinagaram">Theni Allinagaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruverkadu" title="Tiruverkadu">Tiruverkadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udagamandalam" class="mw-redirect" title="Udagamandalam">Udagamandalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viluppuram" title="Viluppuram">Viluppuram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Selection grade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambur" title="Ambur">Ambur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attur,_Salem" title="Attur, Salem">Attur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chidambaram" title="Chidambaram">Chidambaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coonoor" title="Coonoor">Coonoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharapuram" title="Dharapuram">Dharapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobichettipalayam" title="Gobichettipalayam">Gobichettipalayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannargudi" title="Mannargudi">Mannargudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mettupalayam,_Coimbatore" title="Mettupalayam, Coimbatore">Mettupalayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mettur" title="Mettur">Mettur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagapattinam" title="Nagapattinam">Nagapattinam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palani" title="Palani">Palani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattukkottai" title="Pattukkottai">Pattukkottai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perambalur" title="Perambalur">Perambalur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranipet" title="Ranipet">Ranipet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenkasi" title="Tenkasi">Tenkasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvarur" title="Thiruvarur">Thiruvarur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thuraiyur" title="Thuraiyur">Thuraiyur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tindivanam" title="Tindivanam">Tindivanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruchengode" title="Tiruchengode">Tiruchengode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirupattur" title="Tirupattur">Tirupattur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udumalaipettai" title="Udumalaipettai">Udumalaipettai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valparai" title="Valparai">Valparai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaniyambadi" title="Vaniyambadi">Vaniyambadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virudhunagar" title="Virudhunagar">Virudhunagar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First grade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arakkonam" title="Arakkonam">Arakkonam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aarani,_Thiruvannamalai" title="Aarani, Thiruvannamalai">Arani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranthangi" title="Aranthangi">Aranthangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcot,_Tamil_Nadu" title="Arcot, Tamil Nadu">Arcot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruppukkottai" title="Aruppukkottai">Aruppukkottai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodinayakkanur" title="Bodinayakkanur">Bodinayakkanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengalpattu" title="Chengalpattu">Chengalpattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colachel" title="Colachel">Colachel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbum,_Tamil_Nadu" title="Cumbum, Tamil Nadu">Cumbum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devakottai" title="Devakottai">Devakottai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edappadi" title="Edappadi">Edappadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudiyatham" title="Gudiyatham">Gudiyatham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayankondam" title="Jayankondam">Jayankondam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadayanallur" title="Kadayanallur">Kadayanallur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallakurichi" title="Kallakurichi">Kallakurichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komarapalayam" title="Komarapalayam">Komarapalayam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manapparai" title="Manapparai">Manapparai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palladam" title="Palladam">Palladam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panruti" title="Panruti">Panruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramakudi" title="Paramakudi">Paramakudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poonamallee" title="Poonamallee">Poonamallee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasipuram" title="Rasipuram">Rasipuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankarankovil" title="Sankarankovil">Sankarankovil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathyamangalam" title="Sathyamangalam">Sathyamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivaganga" title="Sivaganga">Sivaganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srivilliputhur" title="Srivilliputhur">Srivilliputhur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirumangalam,_Madurai" title="Tirumangalam, Madurai">Tirumangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruvallur" title="Tiruvallur">Tiruvallur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruttani" title="Tiruttani">Tiruttani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedaranyam" title="Vedaranyam">Vedaranyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virudhachalam" title="Virudhachalam">Virudhachalam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second grade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adirampattinam" title="Adirampattinam">Adirampattinam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambasamudram" title="Ambasamudram">Ambasamudram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariyalur" title="Ariyalur">Ariyalur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavani,_Tamil_Nadu" title="Bhavani, Tamil Nadu">Bhavani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheyyar" title="Cheyyar">Cheyyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinnamanur" title="Chinnamanur">Chinnamanur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edaganasalai" title="Edaganasalai">Edaganasalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudalur_(Coimbatore_district)" title="Gudalur (Coimbatore district)">Gudalur (Coimbatore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudalur,_Nilgiris" title="Gudalur, Nilgiris">Gudalur (Nilgiris)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudalur,_Theni" title="Gudalur, Theni">Gudalur (Theni)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harur" title="Harur">Harur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jolarpettai" title="Jolarpettai">Jolarpettai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalakkad" title="Kalakkad">Kalakkad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangeyam" title="Kangeyam">Kangeyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karamadai" title="Karamadai">Karamadai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karumathampatti" title="Karumathampatti">Karumathampatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayalpatnam" title="Kayalpatnam">Kayalpatnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilakarai" title="Kilakarai">Kilakarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollankodu" title="Kollankodu">Kollankodu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koothanallur" title="Koothanallur">Koothanallur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottakuppam" title="Kottakuppam">Kottakuppam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulithalai" title="Kulithalai">Kulithalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundrathur" title="Kundrathur">Kundrathur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzhithura,_Kanyakumari" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuzhithura, Kanyakumari">Kuzhithurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalgudi" title="Lalgudi">Lalgudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madukkarai" title="Madukkarai">Madukkarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maduranthakam" title="Maduranthakam">Maduranthakam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manamadurai" title="Manamadurai">Manamadurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangadu" title="Mangadu">Mangadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melur" title="Melur">Melur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melvisharam" title="Melvisharam">Melvisharam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musiri" title="Musiri">Musiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandivaram-Guduvancheri" title="Nandivaram-Guduvancheri">Nandivaram-Guduvancheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasingapuram,_Salem" title="Narasingapuram, Salem">Narasingapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellikuppam" title="Nellikuppam">Nellikuppam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelliyalam" title="Nelliyalam">Nelliyalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oddanchatram" title="Oddanchatram">Oddanchatram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmanabhapuram" title="Padmanabhapuram">Padmanabhapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallapatti,_Karur" title="Pallapatti, Karur">Pallapatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallipalayam" title="Pallipalayam">Pallipalayam</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Periyakulam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pernambut" title="Pernambut">Pernambut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponneri" title="Ponneri">Ponneri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pugalur" title="Pugalur">Pugalur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puliyankudi" title="Puliyankudi">Puliyankudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjai_Puliampatti" title="Punjai Puliampatti">Punjai Puliampatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rameswaram" title="Rameswaram">Rameswaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattur" title="Sattur">Sattur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sengottai" title="Sengottai">Sengottai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sholinghur" title="Sholinghur">Sholinghur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirkazhi" title="Sirkazhi">Sirkazhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surandai" title="Surandai">Surandai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tharamangalam" title="Tharamangalam">Tharamangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirumuruganpoondi" title="Thirumuruganpoondi">Thirumuruganpoondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruninravur" title="Thiruninravur">Thiruninravur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruthuraipoondi" title="Thiruthuraipoondi">Thiruthuraipoondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thuvakudi" title="Thuvakudi">Thuvakudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruchendur" title="Tiruchendur">Tiruchendur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirukoilur" title="Tirukoilur">Tirukoilur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tittakudi" title="Tittakudi">Tittakudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulundurpettai" title="Ulundurpettai">Ulundurpettai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usilampatti" title="Usilampatti">Usilampatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadalur" title="Vadalur">Vadalur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandavasi" title="Vandavasi">Vandavasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellakoil" title="Vellakoil">Vellakoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikramasingapuram" title="Vikramasingapuram">Vikramasingapuram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walajapet" title="Walajapet">Walajapet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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