CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Jewish National Fund - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"41149d64-60bf-404a-8f76-ab68fb33ad3c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Jewish_National_Fund","wgTitle":"Jewish National Fund","wgCurRevisionId":1275295909,"wgRevisionId":1275295909,"wgArticleId":900057,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 Hebrew-language sources (he)","Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list","CS1 German-language sources (de)","Articles with Hebrew-language sources (he)","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from September 2017","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages", "Articles containing Hebrew-language text","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from April 2012","All articles lacking reliable references","Articles lacking reliable references from May 2019","All articles with vague or ambiguous time","Vague or ambiguous time from February 2011","Commons category link from Wikidata","Articles with German-language sources (de)","Environmental organizations based in Israel","Israel Prize recipients that are organizations","Israel Prize for lifetime achievement \u0026 special contribution to society recipients","Organizations established in 1901","Yishuv","Zionist organizations","Land management in Israel","International Jewish organizations","Forestry in Israel","Desert greening","Reforestation"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Jewish_National_Fund","wgRelevantArticleId":900057,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false, "wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":["extendedconfirmed"],"wgRestrictionMove":["extendedconfirmed"],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q696658","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true, "wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap", "ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg/1200px-Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg/800px-Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="533"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg/640px-Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="427"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Jewish National Fund - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_National_Fund"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_National_Fund"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Jewish_National_Fund rootpage-Jewish_National_Fund skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Jewish+National+Fund" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Jewish+National+Fund" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Jewish+National+Fund" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Jewish+National+Fund" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Name</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ottoman_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ottoman_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Ottoman era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ottoman_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British_Mandate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_Mandate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>British Mandate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_Mandate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_of_Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_of_Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>State of Israel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_of_Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reclamation_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reclamation_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Reclamation projects</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reclamation_projects-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Reclamation projects subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Reclamation_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Afforestation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Afforestation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Afforestation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Afforestation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water_conservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water_conservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Water conservation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water_conservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Land_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Land_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Land development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Land_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funding_of_Israeli_military_infrastructure_and_West_Bank_settlements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funding_of_Israeli_military_infrastructure_and_West_Bank_settlements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Funding of Israeli military infrastructure and West Bank settlements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funding_of_Israeli_military_infrastructure_and_West_Bank_settlements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_fundraising" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_fundraising"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>International fundraising</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_fundraising-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International fundraising subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_fundraising-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-JNF_collection_boxes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#JNF_collection_boxes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>JNF collection boxes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-JNF_collection_boxes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transparency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transparency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Transparency</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transparency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leasing_policy_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leasing_policy_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Leasing policy controversy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leasing_policy_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_conflicts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_conflicts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Legal conflicts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_conflicts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jewish National Fund</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCdischer_Nationalfonds" title="Jüdischer Nationalfonds – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Jüdischer Nationalfonds" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="الصندوق القومي اليهودي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الصندوق القومي اليهودي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%9E%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Яўрэйскі нацыянальны фонд – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Яўрэйскі нацыянальны фонд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Еврейски национален фонд – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Еврейски национален фонд" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fons_Nacional_Jueu" title="Fons Nacional Jueu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fons Nacional Jueu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDidovsk%C3%BD_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_fond" title="Židovský národní fond – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Židovský národní fond" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCdischer_Nationalfonds" title="Jüdischer Nationalfonds – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jüdischer Nationalfonds" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fondo_Nacional_Jud%C3%ADo" title="Fondo Nacional Judío – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fondo Nacional Judío" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juda_Nacia_Fonda%C4%B5o" title="Juda Nacia Fondaĵo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Juda Nacia Fondaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonds_national_juif" title="Fonds national juif – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fonds national juif" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80_%EB%AF%BC%EC%A1%B1_%EA%B8%B0%EA%B8%88" title="유대 민족 기금 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유대 민족 기금" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_National_Fund" title="Jewish National Fund – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Jewish National Fund" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dana_Nasional_Yahudi" title="Dana Nasional Yahudi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dana Nasional Yahudi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fondo_Nazionale_Ebraico" title="Fondo Nazionale Ebraico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fondo Nazionale Ebraico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C" title="קרן קיימת לישראל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרן קיימת לישראל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keren_Kayemet_LeYisrael" title="Keren Kayemet LeYisrael – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Keren Kayemet LeYisrael" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%89" title="الصندوق القومى اليهودى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الصندوق القومى اليهودى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joods_Nationaal_Fonds" title="Joods Nationaal Fonds – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Joods Nationaal Fonds" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A6%E3%83%80%E3%83%A4%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91" title="ユダヤ民族基金 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ユダヤ民族基金" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B8disk_Nasjonalfond" title="Jødisk Nasjonalfond – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jødisk Nasjonalfond" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBydowski_Fundusz_Narodowy" title="Żydowski Fundusz Narodowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Żydowski Fundusz Narodowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fondul_Na%C8%9Bional_Evreiesc" title="Fondul Național Evreiesc – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fondul Național Evreiesc" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Еврейский национальный фонд – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Еврейский национальный фонд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDidovsk%C3%BD_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%BD_fond" title="Židovský národný fond – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Židovský národný fond" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keren_Kajemet" title="Keren Kajemet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Keren Kajemet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Єврейський національний фонд – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Єврейський національний фонд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%B4_%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%86%DA%88" title="جیوئش نیشنل فنڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جیوئش نیشنل فنڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91" title="犹太国家基金 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="犹太国家基金" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q696658#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jewish_National_Fund" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Jewish_National_Fund" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jewish_National_Fund"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jewish_National_Fund&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jewish_National_Fund&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jewish_National_Fund"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jewish_National_Fund&action=edit"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jewish_National_Fund&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Jewish_National_Fund" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Jewish_National_Fund" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jewish_National_Fund&oldid=1275295909" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jewish_National_Fund&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Jewish_National_Fund&id=1275295909&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJewish_National_Fund"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJewish_National_Fund"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Jewish_National_Fund&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jewish_National_Fund&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jewish_National_Fund" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q696658" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#extended" title="This article is extended-confirmed-protected."><img alt="Page extended-confirmed-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Extended-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Extended-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Extended-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Extended-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Extended-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Extended-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Non-profit organization founded in 1901</div> <p class="PIA-flag" style="display:none; visibility:hidden;">This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.</p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Jewish National Fund</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg/180px-Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg/270px-Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg/360px-Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2106" data-file-height="1404" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jewish_National_Fund_office.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Jewish_National_Fund_office.JPG/200px-Jewish_National_Fund_office.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Jewish_National_Fund_office.JPG/300px-Jewish_National_Fund_office.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Jewish_National_Fund_office.JPG/400px-Jewish_National_Fund_office.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">JNF Headquarters in Jerusalem</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native name</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">קרן קיימת לישראל</span>‎<br />Acronym: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">קק״ל</span>‎</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">הפונד הלאומי</span>‎</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Nonprofit_corporation" title="Nonprofit corporation">Public-benefit corporation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Real_estate" title="Real estate">Real estate</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1901<span class="noprint">; 124 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1901</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Avraham_Duvdevani" title="Avraham Duvdevani">Avraham Duvdevani</a>, chairperson, Russel Robinson, JNF-USA CEO</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Israeli_new_shekel" title="Israeli new shekel">₪</a> 2.583 billion (2015<sup id="cite_ref-report_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-report-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Israeli_new_shekel" title="Israeli new shekel">₪</a> 511 million (2015<sup id="cite_ref-report_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-report-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Israeli_new_shekel" title="Israeli new shekel">₪</a> 398 million (2015<sup id="cite_ref-report_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-report-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Israeli_new_shekel" title="Israeli new shekel">₪</a> 12.720 billion (2015<sup id="cite_ref-report_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-report-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">950 (2015)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kkl.org.il/">www<wbr />.kkl<wbr />.org<wbr />.il</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q696658#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> jnf.org</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Golden_Book_of_the_Jewish_National_Fund.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Golden_Book_of_the_Jewish_National_Fund.jpg/220px-Golden_Book_of_the_Jewish_National_Fund.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Golden_Book_of_the_Jewish_National_Fund.jpg/330px-Golden_Book_of_the_Jewish_National_Fund.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Golden_Book_of_the_Jewish_National_Fund.jpg/440px-Golden_Book_of_the_Jewish_National_Fund.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Golden Book signed by Theodor Herzl and Johann Kremenetzky. In the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Museum_of_Switzerland" title="Jewish Museum of Switzerland">Jewish Museum of Switzerland</a>'s collection.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Jewish National Fund</b> (<b>JNF</b>; <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">קֶרֶן קַיֶּימֶת לְיִשְׂרָאֵל</span>, <i>Keren Kayemet LeYisrael</i>; previously <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">הפאנד הלאומי</span>‎, <i>Ha Fund HaLeumi</i>) is a non-profit organization<sup id="cite_ref-unccd.int_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unccd.int-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> founded in 1901 to buy land and encourage Jewish resettlement in <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Syria" title="Ottoman Syria">Ottoman Syria</a> (later <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Mandatory Palestine</a>, subsequently <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian territories">Palestinian territories</a>) for Jewish settlement.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2007, it owned 13% of the total land in Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-Pfeffer_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pfeffer-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since its inception, the JNF has planted over 240 million trees in Israel. It has also built 180 dams and reservoirs, developed 250,000 acres (1,000 km<sup>2</sup>) of land and established more than 1,000 parks.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002, the JNF was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Prize" title="Israel Prize">Israel Prize</a> for lifetime achievement and special contribution to society and the State of Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2></div> <p>The name <i>Keren Kayemet</i> comes from the <a href="/wiki/Mishnah" title="Mishnah">Mishnah</a>. Tractate <a href="/wiki/Peah" class="mw-redirect" title="Peah">Peah</a> (1:1) lists the types of good deeds whose rewards are enjoyed in this world, while the principal merit will be in the world to come: <span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">hakeren kayemet lo l'olam haba</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_3154_Gan-Shmuel_zk19-_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/PikiWiki_Israel_3154_Gan-Shmuel_zk19-_17.jpg/220px-PikiWiki_Israel_3154_Gan-Shmuel_zk19-_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/PikiWiki_Israel_3154_Gan-Shmuel_zk19-_17.jpg/330px-PikiWiki_Israel_3154_Gan-Shmuel_zk19-_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/PikiWiki_Israel_3154_Gan-Shmuel_zk19-_17.jpg/440px-PikiWiki_Israel_3154_Gan-Shmuel_zk19-_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1847" data-file-height="1283" /></a><figcaption>JNF postage stamp, c. 1915</figcaption></figure> <p>The idea of a national land purchasing fund was first presented at the <a href="/wiki/First_Zionist_Congress" title="First Zionist Congress">First Zionist Congress</a> in 1897 by <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Schapira" title="Hermann Schapira">Hermann Schapira</a>, a Lithuanian-Jewish professor of mathematics.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fund, named Keren Hakayemet (later known in English as the "Jewish National Fund") was formally established at the Fifth <a href="/wiki/Zionist_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Zionist Congress">Zionist Congress</a> in <a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a> in 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In its early years, the organization was headed by the Jewish industrialist <a href="/wiki/Johann_Kremenezky" title="Johann Kremenezky">Johann Kremenezky</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jpost.com_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jpost.com-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early land purchases were completed in Judea and the Lower Galilee. In 1909, the JNF played a central role in the founding of <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>. The establishment of the "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Olive_Tree_Fund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olive Tree Fund (page does not exist)">Olive Tree Fund</a>" marked the beginning of Diaspora support of afforestation efforts. The <a href="/wiki/JNF_collection_box" class="mw-redirect" title="JNF collection box">JNF collection box</a> or "<a href="#JNF_collection_boxes">blue box</a>" (known in Yiddish as a <i><a href="/wiki/Pushke" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushke">pushke</a></i>) has been part of the JNF since its inception, symbolizing the partnership between Israel and the Diaspora. In the period between the two world wars, about one million of these blue and white tin collection boxes could be found in Jewish homes throughout the world.<sup id="cite_ref-multiref1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-multiref1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1902 until the late 1940s, the JNF sold JNF stamps to raise money. For a brief period in May 1948, JNF stamps were <a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Palestine" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Palestine">used as postage stamps</a> during the transition from <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Palestine</a> to Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottoman_era">Ottoman era</h3></div> <p>The first parcel of land, 200 dunams (0.20 km<sup>2</sup>) east of <a href="/wiki/Hadera" title="Hadera">Hadera</a>, was received as a gift from the Russian Zionist leader <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Leib_Goldberg" title="Isaac Leib Goldberg">Isaac Leib Goldberg</a> of Vilnius, in 1903. It became an olive grove.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1904 and 1905, the JNF purchased land plots near the <a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Galilee" title="Sea of Galilee">Sea of Galilee</a> and at <a href="/wiki/Ben_Shemen" title="Ben Shemen">Ben Shemen</a>. In 1921, JNF land holdings reached 25,000 acres (100 km²), rising to 50,000 acres (200 km²) by 1927. At the end of 1935, JNF held 89,500 acres (362 km²) of land housing 108 Jewish communities.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_Mandate">British Mandate</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D-JNF043082.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D-JNF043082.jpeg/220px-%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D-JNF043082.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D-JNF043082.jpeg/330px-%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D-JNF043082.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D-JNF043082.jpeg/440px-%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D-JNF043082.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption>JNF head office in Jerusalem under construction 1938</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%91%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%AA_1940-JNF008316.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%91%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%AA_1940-JNF008316.jpeg/220px-%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%91%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%AA_1940-JNF008316.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%91%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%AA_1940-JNF008316.jpeg/330px-%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%91%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%AA_1940-JNF008316.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%91%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%AA_1940-JNF008316.jpeg/440px-%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%91%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A7%22%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%AA_1940-JNF008316.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="398" /></a><figcaption>JNF staff Jerusalem 1940</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA.-JNF045176.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA.-JNF045176.jpeg/220px-%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA.-JNF045176.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA.-JNF045176.jpeg/330px-%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA.-JNF045176.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA.-JNF045176.jpeg/440px-%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA.-JNF045176.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="431" /></a><figcaption>JNF publicity in 1945</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1939, 10% of the Jewish population of the British Mandate of Palestine lived on JNF land. By 1948, the JNF owned 54% of the land held by Jews in the region,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or a bit less than 4% of the land in what was then known as the British Mandate of Palestine.<sup id="cite_ref-pij.org_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pij.org-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the eve of statehood, the JNF had acquired a total of 936,000 dunams (936 km<sup>2</sup>; 361 sq mi) of land;<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> another 800,000 dunams (800 km<sup>2</sup>; 310 sq mi) had been acquired by other Jewish organizations or individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the JNF's activities during the Mandatory period were closely associated with <a href="/wiki/Yossef_Weitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Yossef Weitz">Yossef Weitz</a>, the head of its settlement department. </p><p>From the beginning, JNF's policy was to lease land long-term rather than sell it. In its charter, the JNF states: "Since the first land purchase in Eretz Israel in the early 1900s for and on behalf of the Jewish People, JNF has served as the Jewish People's trustee of the land, initiating and charting development work to enable Jewish settlement from the border in the north to the edge of the desert and Arava in the south."<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_of_Israel">State of Israel</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_14791_Planting_of_the_Gilboa_Mountains.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/PikiWiki_Israel_14791_Planting_of_the_Gilboa_Mountains.jpg/220px-PikiWiki_Israel_14791_Planting_of_the_Gilboa_Mountains.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/PikiWiki_Israel_14791_Planting_of_the_Gilboa_Mountains.jpg/330px-PikiWiki_Israel_14791_Planting_of_the_Gilboa_Mountains.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/PikiWiki_Israel_14791_Planting_of_the_Gilboa_Mountains.jpg/440px-PikiWiki_Israel_14791_Planting_of_the_Gilboa_Mountains.jpg 2x" data-file-width="774" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Planting trees in the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Gilboa" title="Mount Gilboa">Gilboa</a> mountains, c.1960</figcaption></figure> <p>After <a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Establishment_of_the_State_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel">Israel's establishment</a> in 1948, the government began to sell <a href="/wiki/Israeli_land_and_property_laws" title="Israeli land and property laws">absentee</a> lands to the JNF. On January 27, 1949, 1,000 km² of land (from a total of about 3,500 km²) was sold to the JNF for the price of <a href="/wiki/Israeli_pound" title="Israeli pound">IL</a>11 million. Another 1,000 km² of land was sold to the JNF in October 1950. Over the years questions about the legitimacy of these transactions have been raised but Israeli legislation has generally supported the JNF's land claims.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1953, the JNF was dissolved and re-organized as an Israeli company under the name <i>Keren Kayemet LeYisrael</i> (JNF-KKL). In 1960, administration of the land held by the JNF-KKL, apart from forested areas, was transferred to a newly formed government agency, the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Land_Administration" title="Israel Land Administration">Israel Land Administration</a> (ILA). The ILA was then responsible for managing some 93% of the land of Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All the land managed by the ILA was defined as <i>Israel lands</i>; it included both land owned by the government (about 80%) and land owned by the JNF-KKL (about 13%).<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The JNF-KKL received the right to nominate 10 of the 22 directors of the ILA, lending it significant leverage within that state body. </p><p>After concentrating on the centre and northern part of the young state, the JNF-KKL started supporting Jewish settlements around the <a href="/wiki/Negev" title="Negev">Negev</a> border from around 1965. After the <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a> in 1967, the JNF-KKL started work in the newly occupied <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian territories">Palestinian territories</a> as well.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (May 2019)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-JNF-USA_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JNF-USA-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reclamation_projects">Reclamation projects</h2></div> <p>The JNF charter specifies the reclamation of land for the Jewish people as its primary purpose. During the 1980s, almost 60,000 acres (240 km<sup>2</sup>) were planted. Over 50,000 acres (200 km<sup>2</sup>) of crop-land were reclaimed, and hundreds of miles of roads built. Research into the soil and water conservation and the construction of dams and reservoirs took on added importance in the face of water shortages and drought. </p><p>The JNF's collaborative work involves participation in the International Arid Land Consortium, which explores the problems and solutions unique to arid and semiarid regions, working to develop sustainable ecological practices to improve the quality of life among people in the dry areas.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Afforestation">Afforestation</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eshtaol_Forest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Eshtaol_Forest.jpg/220px-Eshtaol_Forest.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Eshtaol_Forest.jpg/330px-Eshtaol_Forest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Eshtaol_Forest.jpg/440px-Eshtaol_Forest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Eshtaol_Forest" title="Eshtaol Forest">Eshtaol Forest</a> planted by JNF</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_14878_John_Paul_Forest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/PikiWiki_Israel_14878_John_Paul_Forest.jpg/220px-PikiWiki_Israel_14878_John_Paul_Forest.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/PikiWiki_Israel_14878_John_Paul_Forest.jpg/330px-PikiWiki_Israel_14878_John_Paul_Forest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/PikiWiki_Israel_14878_John_Paul_Forest.jpg/440px-PikiWiki_Israel_14878_John_Paul_Forest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="717" data-file-height="502" /></a><figcaption>Dedication of <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul</a> Forest in <a href="/wiki/Nazareth" title="Nazareth">Nazareth</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_8847_yad_vashem_amp;_Jerusalem_forest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/PikiWiki_Israel_8847_yad_vashem_amp%3B_Jerusalem_forest.jpg/170px-PikiWiki_Israel_8847_yad_vashem_amp%3B_Jerusalem_forest.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/PikiWiki_Israel_8847_yad_vashem_amp%3B_Jerusalem_forest.jpg/255px-PikiWiki_Israel_8847_yad_vashem_amp%3B_Jerusalem_forest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/PikiWiki_Israel_8847_yad_vashem_amp%3B_Jerusalem_forest.jpg/340px-PikiWiki_Israel_8847_yad_vashem_amp%3B_Jerusalem_forest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerusalem forest">Jerusalem forest</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The early JNF was active in <a href="/wiki/Afforestation" title="Afforestation">afforestation</a> and reclamation of land. By 1935, JNF had planted 1.7 million trees over a total area of 1,750 acres (7.08 km²) and drained swamps, like those in the <a href="/wiki/Hula_Valley" title="Hula Valley">Hula Valley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-multiref1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-multiref1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over fifty years, the JNF planted over 260 million trees largely in semi-arid, rocky, hilly terrain in which cultivation is not cost-effective and the risk of <a href="/wiki/Land_degradation" title="Land degradation">land degradation</a> is high.<sup id="cite_ref-unccd.int_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unccd.int-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the Ministry of Agriculture is the official regulator of Israel's forests, the JNF is responsible for the implementation of forest management and afforestation.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006, the JNF signed a 49-year lease agreement with the State of Israel which gives it control over 30,000 hectares (300 km<sup>2</sup>) of <a href="/wiki/Negev" title="Negev">Negev</a> land for the development of forests.<sup id="cite_ref-unccd.int_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unccd.int-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The JNF has been criticized for planting non-native pine trees which are unsuited to the climate, rather than local species such as olive trees. Others say that JNF deserves credit for this decision, and the forests would not have survived otherwise.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to JNF statistics, six out of every 10 saplings planted at a JNF site in Jerusalem do not survive, although the survival rate for planting sites outside Jerusalem is much higher – close to 95 percent. The Israeli newspaper <i>Maariv</i> wrote that workers remove saplings daily to allow more tourists to plant the following day, but the JNF denied this and said it would sue the paper for libel.<sup id="cite_ref-query.nytimes.com_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-query.nytimes.com-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Union for Environmental Defense has criticized the fund's forestry practices for "overreliance on highly flammable pine trees" and overuse of toxic herbicides, in the context of minimal government and public scrutiny.<sup id="cite_ref-query.nytimes.com_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-query.nytimes.com-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some forests have been planted for security reasons<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as a means of demarcating Israeli space.<sup id="cite_ref-Pollution_in_a_Promised_Land_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pollution_in_a_Promised_Land-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Critics argue that many JNF lands outside the West Bank were illegally confiscated from Palestinian refugees, and that the JNF furthermore should not be involved with lands in the West Bank.<sup id="cite_ref-pij.org_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pij.org-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shaul Ephraim Cohen has said trees have been planted to restrict Bedouin herding.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Susan_Nathan" title="Susan Nathan">Susan Nathan</a> wrote that forests were planted on the site of abandoned Arab villages after the 1948 war.<sup id="cite_ref-Nathan_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nathan-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nathan also writes that <a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">olive</a> trees were replaced by <a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">pine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cypress" title="Cypress">cypress</a> trees<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that JNF afforestation policy erases traces of the Arab presence prior to 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, the JNF announced that historical information plaques erected in JNF parks and forests would cite the names of the Arab villages formerly located there.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 2009, the JNF has been helping the Palestinian Authority plan public parks and other civic amenities for the Palestinian city of <a href="/wiki/Rawabi" title="Rawabi">Rawabi</a>, north of Ramallah. The JNF provided the Palestinian Authority with 3,000 tree seedlings for a forested area being developed on the edge of the new city.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water_conservation">Water conservation</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Israel" title="Water supply and sanitation in Israel">Israel's fresh water supply</a> is dependent on 50 days a year of seasonal rainfall, while water consumption has doubled since 1960. Towards the end of the 1980s, the JNF undertook several large-scale water conservation projects. Dams and reservoirs were built to capture rainwater run-off which would have otherwise been lost in the Arava Valley, Reshafim in the Beit She'arim Valley and Kedma near Kiryat Gat. An artificial lake was built in Timna Park.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The JNF has built 200 reservoirs around the country, and plans to build 30 more reservoirs and water treatment plants over the next five years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (February 2011)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> Over the past decade,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (February 2011)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> JNF has invested over $114.99 million in reservoir construction, increasing the country's total storage capacity by 7%, to over 130 million cubic metres (34<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>9</sup> US gal) of water. JNF is also involved in river rehabilitation projects all over Israel, such as the <a href="/wiki/Nahal_Alexander" title="Nahal Alexander">Nahal Alexander</a> Restoration Project begun in 2003. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Land_development">Land development</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jewish_National_Fund_trees_in_The_Negev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Jewish_National_Fund_trees_in_The_Negev.jpg/220px-Jewish_National_Fund_trees_in_The_Negev.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Jewish_National_Fund_trees_in_The_Negev.jpg/330px-Jewish_National_Fund_trees_in_The_Negev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Jewish_National_Fund_trees_in_The_Negev.jpg/440px-Jewish_National_Fund_trees_in_The_Negev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3058" data-file-height="2103" /></a><figcaption>JNF trees in the <a href="/wiki/Negev_Desert" class="mw-redirect" title="Negev Desert">Negev Desert</a>. Man-made <a href="/wiki/Dunes" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunes">dunes</a> (here a <a href="/wiki/Liman_irrigation_system" title="Liman irrigation system">liman</a>) help keep in <a href="/wiki/Rain" title="Rain">rainwater</a>, creating an <a href="/wiki/Oasis" title="Oasis">oasis</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The JNF's engagement in developing Israel for Jewish purposes has involved a range of massive land infrastructure development projects. In the 1980s, the JNF launched a project known collectively as "Operation Promised Land", to meet the challenge of the massive upsurge of Jewish immigration from the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>. In recent years, the JNF has again moved towards the development of towns to accommodate new Jewish immigrants, focusing on the Galilee and Negev regions, the two areas of Israel with a tenuous Jewish demographic majority. In particular, the JNF's 600 million dollar <a href="/wiki/Blueprint_Negev" title="Blueprint Negev">Blueprint Negev</a> aims to attract and build infrastructure for 250,000 new settlers in the <a href="/wiki/Negev" title="Negev">Negev</a> desert, which accounts for 60% of the country's land mass but remains sparsely populated.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plan has come under scrutiny as groups such as <a href="/wiki/Bustan_(organization)" title="Bustan (organization)">Bustan</a>, Save the Negev, and Ohalah have expressed concern over the project's lack of transparency in light of the potential strain on ecological resources and the possible impacts on Bedouin communities nearby.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funding_of_Israeli_military_infrastructure_and_West_Bank_settlements">Funding of Israeli military infrastructure and West Bank settlements</h2></div> <p>In addition to its reclamation and other charitable projects, the JNF also funded infrastructure projects on <a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Israel Defense Forces">Israel Defense Forces</a> sites. Documents by the JNF indicated that funds from the Canadian branch were used to fund projects including <a href="/wiki/Camp_Ariel_Sharon" title="Camp Ariel Sharon">Camp Ariel Sharon</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Negev" title="Negev">Negev</a>, an auditorium and training facilities at an <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Navy" title="Israeli Navy">Israeli Navy</a> base in <a href="/wiki/Bat_Galim" title="Bat Galim">Bat Galim</a>, and mess halls for the <a href="/wiki/124_Squadron_(Israel)" title="124 Squadron (Israel)">124 Squadron</a> and <a href="/wiki/131_Squadron_(Israel)" title="131 Squadron (Israel)">131 Squadron</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Air_Force" title="Israeli Air Force">Israeli Air Force</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Palmachim_Airbase" title="Palmachim Airbase">Palmachim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nevatim_Airbase" title="Nevatim Airbase">Nevatim Airbases</a>. A 2014 document by the JNF notes that funds from its Canadian branch were used for a dozen "KKL for IDF" projects in the previous decade. A JNF Canada document from the same year pitched donors on an IDF family meeting centre for members in active service as well as a road at the <a href="/wiki/Israeli-Egyptian_border" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli-Egyptian border">Israeli-Egyptian border</a> to "improve access to the area for security forces" to be developed in coordination with the IDF.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A document by JNF's Canadian branch stated that it had helped develop an outdoor fitness area at a military base in <a href="/wiki/Sde_Boker" title="Sde Boker">Sde Boker</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Gadna_(Israel)" title="Gadna (Israel)">Gadna</a> program, which prepares young Israelis for IDF service. Regular army personnel could also use the area. Similarly, in 2014, the JNF Canada's <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a> branch stated that it was funding a family visitation area, a plaza by the barracks, and an intake and release facility at <a href="/wiki/Tze%27elim_Army_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Tze'elim Army Base">Tze'elim Army Base</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, the JNF also funded a soccer field at <a href="/wiki/Hatzerim_Airbase" title="Hatzerim Airbase">Hatzerim Airbase</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>JNF's Canadian branch also helped construct a hilltop settler outpost, Givat Oz VeGaon, which was deemed illegal by the Israeli government and received at least 18 demolition orders from the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defense_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Defense (Israel)">Ministry of Defense</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_46-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_fundraising">International fundraising</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benefit_concert_by_Professor_Shore_at_the_Tower_of_David.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Benefit_concert_by_Professor_Shore_at_the_Tower_of_David.jpg/220px-Benefit_concert_by_Professor_Shore_at_the_Tower_of_David.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Benefit_concert_by_Professor_Shore_at_the_Tower_of_David.jpg/330px-Benefit_concert_by_Professor_Shore_at_the_Tower_of_David.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Benefit_concert_by_Professor_Shore_at_the_Tower_of_David.jpg/440px-Benefit_concert_by_Professor_Shore_at_the_Tower_of_David.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1049" data-file-height="1078" /></a><figcaption>Benefit concert at <a href="/wiki/David%27s_Citadel" class="mw-redirect" title="David's Citadel">David's Citadel</a>, 1926</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> branch of the JNF, incorporated on January 26, 1926, is the largest contributor to JNF-KKL.<sup id="cite_ref-JNF-USA_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JNF-USA-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1996, JNF-USA was accused of mismanaging funds. According to the charges, only 21% of US donations reached Israel, and money was being diverted to Latin American JNF offices. In the wake of this scandal, the North American management was forced to resign.<sup id="cite_ref-Pollution_in_a_Promised_Land_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pollution_in_a_Promised_Land-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tax-exempt status of the JNF-USA was challenged in 2011 as violating the public policy of the United States with respect to ethnic and religious discrimination.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2017, in response to an investigation by the <a href="/wiki/The_Forward" title="The Forward"><i>Jewish Daily Forward</i></a>, the <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_New_York" title="Attorney General of New York">New York State attorney general's office</a> ordered JNF-USA to rescind two illegal loans totaling more than $500,000 the organization had made to its chief executive officer, Russell Robinson, and its chief financial officer, Mitchel Rosenzweig. (New York State forbids charities from lending their officers any money.) JNF-USA argued that Robinson and Rosenzweig were not officers under the meaning of the law, but the attorney general's officer rejected that argument and the two executives agreed to repay the balance of their loans.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, the JNF-UK (full name <i>JNF Charitable Trust</i>) was formed in 1939 and registered as a <a href="/wiki/Charitable_organization" title="Charitable organization">charitable organization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2005, the JNF-KKL in Israel split from its British partner, accusing JNF-UK of having "misled" the public.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The JNF-KKL claimed that the British group was using the KKL name to raise funds "for their own causes which are not associated with KKL." The Israeli JNF-KKL said it would launch a separate fundraising operation in the UK. JNF-UK launched a legal action to stop KKL using the names "JNF" or "Jewish National Fund" in the UK. The two organisations made peace after the Israeli-born businessman <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hayek" title="Samuel Hayek">Samuel Hayek</a> took over as JNF-UK chairman in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Israeli JNF-KKL ended its dispute with the JNF-UK within weeks of ending a similar dispute with the American JNF-USA<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 May 2020 a ruling was issued to JNF on a will writing service encouraging elderly to leave money to KKL. District Judge Geddes noted on KKL's "lack of independence from JNF UK"<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The charitable status of the JNF-UK has come under increasing attack.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> British prime ministers <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Gordon Brown</a> had been Honorary Patrons of the JNF-UK, like all British prime ministers before them since its inception. <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a> resigned as Honorary Patron to JNF-UK in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a spokesman, Cameron said it was an organisation that was specifically focused around work in one specific country—i.e., Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cameron's decision was interpreted as a snub, in spite of the spokesman's assurances that his decision had "absolutely nothing to do with any anti-Israel campaign". However, campaigners claimed that Cameron's resignation was due to political pressure.<sup id="cite_ref-grauniad_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grauniad-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then, the JNF-UK's Honorary Patrons include no leader of the main British political parties. An <a href="/wiki/Early_Day_Motion" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Day Motion">Early Day Motion</a> in the <a href="/wiki/British_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="British parliament">British parliament</a> called for the revocation of the JNF's charitable status in the UK and was signed by 66 <a href="/wiki/Members_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of Parliament">Members of Parliament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012 the <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party</a> called for the JNF to be stripped of its charity status.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2021, JNF-UK Chairman Samuel Hayek was embroiled in controversy, following remarks that implied that Muslim immigration was endangering the future of British Jews.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3></div> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a>, the Canadian branch of the JNF raised about $15 million US to fund a 1,700-acre park called "Canada Park". The park was built in 1970 on the land of three Palestinian villages which were destroyed on the orders of <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Starting around 2013, <a href="/wiki/Independent_Jewish_Voices_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Jewish Voices (Canada)">Independent Jewish Voices</a> has campaigned against JNF Canada's charitable status, and in 2017 it filed a formal complaint with the Canadian government seeking the revocation of JNF's charitable status on the basis of discrimination.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, JNF Canada informed its members that it was under audit by the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Revenue_Agency" title="Canada Revenue Agency">Canada Revenue Agency</a> (CRA). The following year, <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a> reported how JNF had used charitable donations to fund Israeli military infrastructure. While Canadians can directly support foreign militaries in their personal capacity, the CRA rules ban tax receipts or tax deductions for such donations by charities. JNF told CBC that it had stopped funding military projects in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_46-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2024, the Canadian government announced the removal of JNF Canada's charitable status.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CRA revealed 358 pages of documents explaining its decision, which outlined "repeated and serious non-compliance" with the laws governing charities.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reasons included doubts that JNF Canada carries out its stated charitable purpose, an insufficient paper trail documenting where money was going, missing records that the CRA did not have, some documents provided only in Hebrew, and housing documents in a foreign country (Israel). In response, JNF Canada has accused the CRA of "targeted bias",<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while CEO Lance Davis said JNF Canada repeatedly asked for a conversation with the CRA to explain the discrepancies, but was repeatedly denied.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="JNF_collection_boxes">JNF collection boxes</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KKL_tin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/KKL_tin.jpg/150px-KKL_tin.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/KKL_tin.jpg/225px-KKL_tin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/KKL_tin.jpg/300px-KKL_tin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="344" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>JNF collection box</figcaption></figure> <p>JNF's blue <a href="/wiki/Tzedakah_box" title="Tzedakah box">charity boxes</a> were distributed by the JNF almost from its inception at the initiative of Johann Kremenezky.<sup id="cite_ref-jpost.com_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jpost.com-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once found in many Jewish homes, the boxes became one of the most familiar symbols of Zionism. A children's song about the boxes, written by Dr. Yehoshua Frizman, Headmaster of the Real Gymnasium for Girls in <a href="/wiki/Kovno" class="mw-redirect" title="Kovno">Kovno</a>, ran </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>The box is hanging on the wall<br /> The blue box<br /> Each penny put inside<br /> Redeems the land.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></blockquote> <p>A bank clerk named Haim Kleinman in <a href="/wiki/Nadvirna" title="Nadvirna">Nadvorna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(eastern_Europe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Galicia (eastern Europe)">Galicia</a> placed a blue box labeled "Keren Le'umit" in his office and urged others to do the same. The first mass-produced boxes were distributed in 1904.<sup id="cite_ref-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kleinman visited <a href="/wiki/Mandate_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandate Palestine">Mandate Palestine</a> in the 1930s and planned to make <a href="/wiki/Aliyah" title="Aliyah">aliyah</a>, but perished in the <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">Holocaust</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Menahem_Ussishkin" class="mw-redirect" title="Menahem Ussishkin">Menahem Ussishkin</a> wrote that "The coin the child contributes or collects for the redemption of the land is not important in itself; it is not the child that gives to the Keren Kayemeth, but rather the Fund that gives to the child, a foothold and lofty ideal for all the days of his life."<sup id="cite_ref-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The boxes could take a variety of shapes and sizes. Some were paper made to fold flat like envelopes and able to contain only a small number of coins, some early American boxes were cylindrical, some German boxes were made of tin stamped into the shape of bound books.<sup id="cite_ref-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7_69-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Israel issued postage stamps bearing the image of the blue box in 1983, 1991, and 1993 for the JNF's 90th anniversary.<sup id="cite_ref-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7_69-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transparency">Transparency</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/T%27ruah" title="T'ruah">T'ruah</a> has expressed concerns that the JNF is not transparent about where their funds go and that the organization may be subsidizing projects in <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a> <a href="/wiki/Israeli_settlement" title="Israeli settlement">settlements</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The organization's chief executive later acknowledged that JNF does fund projects within settlements.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A review of their tax filing from 2014 led Rabbi Jill Jacobs of T'ruah to estimate that about $600,000 of the $27.2 million in grants by JNF-USA went to support settlements.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2021, JNF announced that it would change its policy and subsidize Israeli settlements in the West Bank.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the necessary vote of the board was delayed indefinitely in April after opposition from members and supporters abroad.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Israeli lawmakers have sought, unsuccessfully, to allow the State Comptroller to examine the books of the organization to determine whether the group's funds were being spent appropriately.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leasing_policy_controversy">Leasing policy controversy</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blueprint_Negev_planned_community.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blueprint_Negev_planned_community.jpg/220px-Blueprint_Negev_planned_community.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blueprint_Negev_planned_community.jpg/330px-Blueprint_Negev_planned_community.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blueprint_Negev_planned_community.jpg/440px-Blueprint_Negev_planned_community.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3340" data-file-height="2504" /></a><figcaption>A community in the <a href="/wiki/Negev" title="Negev">Negev</a> established by the JNF under its <a href="/wiki/Blueprint_Negev" title="Blueprint Negev">Blueprint Negev</a> program</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aminadav_Forest_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Aminadav_Forest_1.jpg/220px-Aminadav_Forest_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Aminadav_Forest_1.jpg/330px-Aminadav_Forest_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Aminadav_Forest_1.jpg/440px-Aminadav_Forest_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="563" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Aminadav Forest</figcaption></figure> <p>The JNF stipulates that only Jews can buy, mortgage or lease JNF land. Article 23 of the JNF lease states that the lessee must pay compensation to the JNF if this stipulation is violated.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 13 October 2004, <a href="/wiki/Adalah_(legal_center)" title="Adalah (legal center)">Adalah</a>, an organization and legal center for Arab minority rights in Israel, submitted a petition to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Israel" title="Supreme Court of Israel">Supreme Court</a> entitled <i>Challenging the Prohibition on Arab Citizens of Israel from Living on Jewish National Fund Land</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly afterwards, the Association for Civil Rights in Israel and the Arab Center for Alternative Planning also filed a petition to the Supreme Court challenging the ILA policy as discriminatory.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The JNF responded to the two petitions on 9 December. In its response, the JNF stated: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The JNF is not the trustee of the general public in Israel. Its loyalty is given to the Jewish people in the Diaspora and in the state of Israel... The JNF, in relation to being an owner of land, is not a public body that works for the benefit of all citizens of the state. The loyalty of the JNF is given to the Jewish people and only to them is the JNF obligated. The JNF, as the owner of the JNF land, does not have a duty to practice equality towards all citizens of the state.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>On 26 January 2005, Israel's Attorney General <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Mazuz" title="Menachem Mazuz">Menachem Mazuz</a> ruled that lease restrictions violated Israeli anti-discrimination laws, and that the ILA could not discriminate against Arab citizens of Israel in the marketing and allocation of the lands it managed; this applied both to government lands and to lands belonging to the JNF. However, the Attorney General also decided that, whenever a non-Jewish citizen wins an ILA tender for a plot of JNF-owned land, the ILA would compensate the JNF with an equal amount of land. This would allow the JNF to maintain its current hold over 2,500,000 dunams (2,500 km<sup>2</sup>) of land, or 13% of the total land in Israel. </p><p>As a result of the Mazuz ruling, authorities found themselves facing a conundrum: on the one hand the JNF, as a "private" organization, had received donations from outside Israel which were specifically earmarked for the benefit of Jews; on the other hand, the state and the ILA (an agency of the state), which administered the land owned by the JNF, were banned from discriminating against non-Jews. In early 2005, the JNF and the Finance Ministry were reported as trying to draft a new agreement that would separate the JNF from the state, thereby allowing it to continue selling land to Jews only.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2007, the Israeli <a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a> approved the <i>Jewish National Fund Bill</i>, submitted by MK <a href="/wiki/Uri_Ariel" title="Uri Ariel">Uri Ariel</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Union_(Israel)" title="National Union (Israel)">National Union</a>/<a href="/wiki/National_Religious_Party" title="National Religious Party">National Religious Party</a>), in its preliminary reading; but the bill was later dropped. The bill sought to authorize the JNF practice of refusing to lease land to Arab citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bill called for a new provision to the <i>1960 Israel Land Administration Law</i>, entitled "Management of the Jewish National Fund's Lands"; the provision stated that regardless of other conflicting rulings, leasing JNF lands for Jewish settlement did not constitute discrimination, and: "For the purpose of every law, the association documents of the Jewish National Fund will be interpreted according to the judgment of the Jewish National Fund's founders and from a nationalist-Zionist standpoint."<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2007, the High Court heard a further Adalah petition seeking cancellation of an ILA policy as well as Article 27 of the <i>Regulations of the Obligations of Tenders</i>, which in concert prevent Arab citizens from participating in bids for JNF-controlled land.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The High Court of Justice agreed to delay a ruling by at least four months, and a temporary settlement was reached (following the compromise proposed in 2005 by Menachem Mazuz) wherein, although the JNF would be prevented from discriminating on grounds of ethnicity, nevertheless every time land is sold to a non-Jew, the ILA would compensate it with an equivalent amount of land, thus ensuring the total amount of land owned by Jewish Israelis remains the same.<sup id="cite_ref-Pfeffer_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pfeffer-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An alternative proposal submitted by <a href="/wiki/Amnon_Rubinstein" title="Amnon Rubinstein">Amnon Rubinstein</a>, a former minister, recommended that a distinction be made between JNF lands and state lands, such that all JNF lands directly acquired via donations from abroad specifically for the benefit of Jews (some 900,000 dunams (900 km<sup>2</sup>)) will pass to the direct control of the JNF; while properties purchased by the JNF from the state in the 1950s and formerly belonging to Palestinian refugees (the so-called "lands of missing persons" or "<a href="/wiki/Land_and_property_laws_in_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Land and property laws in Israel">absentee</a>" lands, amounting to 2,000,000 dunams (2,000 km<sup>2</sup>)) would revert to state control.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rubinstein's intention was "to avoid passing racist legislation [such as the Ariel Bill] that would limit the use of these lands to the Jews". Others denied however that the Ariel Bill was racist.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Rubinstein proposal was not taken up. </p><p>In late 2007, a land swap deal was proposed that would allow the JNF to continue leasing its lands only to Jews. Urban JNF land sold in future to non-Jews would include an automatic swap mechanism: the fund would transfer the land to the ILA, and in exchange would receive the purchase price plus a similar-sized plot in the Negev.<sup id="cite_ref-JNF-swap_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JNF-swap-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legal_conflicts">Legal conflicts</h3></div> <p>In December 2011, Seth Morrison resigned from the board of JNF-USA in protest at the decision by Himnuta, a subsidiary of JNF-KKL, to launch eviction proceedings against the Sumarin family, who lived in the <a href="/wiki/Silwan" title="Silwan">Silwan</a> neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/East_Jerusalem" title="East Jerusalem">East Jerusalem</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the case of the Sumarin family, the children of the original owner, Musa Sumarin, were declared absentees after his death even though there were other family members living in the home at the time. In 1991, the Israeli government took the step of transferring the property to the JNF subsidiary.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A campaign against the JNF's eviction was launched by <a href="/wiki/Rabbis_for_Human_Rights" title="Rabbis for Human Rights">Rabbis for Human Rights</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Jarrah" title="Sheikh Jarrah">Sheikh Jarrah</a> Solidarity Movement,<sup id="cite_ref-delay_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-delay-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Jewish organization <a href="/wiki/Yachad_(NGO)" title="Yachad (NGO)">Yachad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pressures led the JNF to delay the eviction.<sup id="cite_ref-delay_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-delay-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The JNF played a similar role in evicting the Gozlan family in the 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Zionist_Archives" title="Central Zionist Archives">Central Zionist Archives</a> in Jerusalem. Collections of the Jewish National Fund (KKL1-KKL17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Land_Administration" title="Israel Land Administration">Israel Land Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Land_Authority" title="Israel Land Authority">Israel Land Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_National_Fund_Tree_of_Life_Award" title="Jewish National Fund Tree of Life Award">Jewish National Fund Tree of Life Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_forests_in_Israel" title="List of forests in Israel">List of forests in Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Israel_Prize_recipients" title="List of Israel Prize recipients">List of Israel Prize recipients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine_Jewish_Colonization_Association" title="Palestine Jewish Colonization Association">Palestine Jewish Colonization Association</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-report-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-report_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-report_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-report_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-report_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kkl.org.il/about-us/organizational-transparency/organization-budget-balance/financial-report-2015/">"דו″ח כספי לשנת 2015"</a> [Financial report for 2015]. <i>Jewish National Fund</i> (in Hebrew).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+National+Fund&rft.atitle=%D7%93%D7%95%26Prime%3B%D7%97+%D7%9B%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%99+%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%AA+2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kkl.org.il%2Fabout-us%2Forganizational-transparency%2Forganization-budget-balance%2Ffinancial-report-2015%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-unccd.int-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-unccd.int_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unccd.int_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unccd.int_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Professor Alon Tal, The Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unccd.int/cop/reports/otheraffected/national/2006/israel-eng.pdf">"National Report of Israel, Years 2003–2005, to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110526081007/http://www.unccd.int/cop/reports/otheraffected/national/2006/israel-eng.pdf">Archived</a> 2011-05-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; State of Israel, July 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rebecca Spence.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forward.com/articles/11246/">"Reform Slams Knesset Plan for JNF Land"</a>; Jewish Daily Forward, July 25, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Joshua Feldman, <i>The Yemenite Jews</i>, London 1913, p. 32</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pfeffer-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pfeffer_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pfeffer_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPfefferStern,_Yoav2007" class="citation news cs1">Pfeffer, Anshel; Stern, Yoav (2007-09-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071121113240/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/906704.html">"High Court delays ruling on JNF land sales to non-Jews"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/906704.html">the original</a> on 2007-11-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-12-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=High+Court+delays+ruling+on+JNF+land+sales+to+non-Jews&rft.date=2007-09-24&rft.aulast=Pfeffer&rft.aufirst=Anshel&rft.au=Stern%2C+Yoav&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fhasen%2Fspages%2F906704.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080806130644/http://www.jnf.org/site/PageServer?pagename=history">"Jewish National Fund – Plant Trees in Israel"</a>. <i>jnf.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jnf.org/site/PageServer?pagename=history">the original</a> on 2008-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=jnf.org&rft.atitle=Jewish+National+Fund+%E2%80%93+Plant+Trees+in+Israel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jnf.org%2Fsite%2FPageServer%3Fpagename%3Dhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/Tashsab/kerenKayemet/KorotHaimKerenKayemet.htm">"Israel Prize Official Site (in Hebrew) – Recipient's C.V."</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israel+Prize+Official+Site+%28in+Hebrew%29+%E2%80%93+Recipient%27s+C.V.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcms.education.gov.il%2FEducationCMS%2FUnits%2FPrasIsrael%2FTashsab%2FkerenKayemet%2FKorotHaimKerenKayemet.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/Tashsab/kerenKayemet/NimokyHasoftim.htm">"Israel Prize Official Site (in Hebrew) – Judges' Rationale for Grant to Recipient"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israel+Prize+Official+Site+%28in+Hebrew%29+%E2%80%93+Judges%27+Rationale+for+Grant+to+Recipient&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcms.education.gov.il%2FEducationCMS%2FUnits%2FPrasIsrael%2FTashsab%2FkerenKayemet%2FNimokyHasoftim.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejc.com/judaism/jewish-words/keren-kayemet-1.13618">Keren Kayemet</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlass2018" class="citation book cs1">Glass, Joseph B. (February 5, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DGZwDwAAQBAJ&q=zvi+hermann+schapira+jewish+national+fund&pg=PT160"><i>From New Zion to Old Zion: American Jewish Immigration and Settlement in Palestine, 1917–1939</i></a>. Wayne State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780814344224" title="Special:BookSources/9780814344224"><bdi>9780814344224</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+New+Zion+to+Old+Zion%3A+American+Jewish+Immigration+and+Settlement+in+Palestine%2C+1917%E2%80%931939&rft.pub=Wayne+State+University+Press&rft.date=2018-02-05&rft.isbn=9780814344224&rft.aulast=Glass&rft.aufirst=Joseph+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDGZwDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dzvi%2Bhermann%2Bschapira%2Bjewish%2Bnational%2Bfund%26pg%3DPT160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Orgs/jnf.html">"The Jewish National Fund"</a>. Jewishvirtuallibrary.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+National+Fund&rft.pub=Jewishvirtuallibrary.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2FOrgs%2Fjnf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBattegay,_Lubrich2018" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Battegay, Lubrich, Caspar, Naomi (2018). <i>Jewish Switzerland: 50 Objects Tell Their Stories</i> (in German and English). Basel: Christoph Merian. pp. <span class="nowrap">138–</span>141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783856168476" title="Special:BookSources/9783856168476"><bdi>9783856168476</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jewish+Switzerland%3A+50+Objects+Tell+Their+Stories&rft.place=Basel&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E138-%3C%2Fspan%3E141&rft.pub=Christoph+Merian&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9783856168476&rft.aulast=Battegay%2C+Lubrich&rft.aufirst=Caspar%2C+Naomi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jpost.com-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jpost.com_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jpost.com_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jpost.com/Green-Israel/People-and-The-Environment/John-Kremenezky-and-the-Treasures-of-Zionist-History">"John Kremenezky and the Treasures of Zionist History"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Kremenezky+and+the+Treasures+of+Zionist+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2FGreen-Israel%2FPeople-and-The-Environment%2FJohn-Kremenezky-and-the-Treasures-of-Zionist-History&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-multiref1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-multiref1_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-multiref1_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080720164041/http://environment.harvard.edu/religion/religion/judaism/projects/jewish_national.html">"Jewish Engaged Projects"</a>. <i>Harvard University Center for the Environment (Forum on Religion and Ecology)</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://environment.harvard.edu/religion/religion/judaism/projects/jewish_national.htm">the original</a> on 20 July 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Harvard+University+Center+for+the+Environment+%28Forum+on+Religion+and+Ecology%29&rft.atitle=Jewish+Engaged+Projects&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.harvard.edu%2Freligion%2Freligion%2Fjudaism%2Fprojects%2Fjewish_national.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kimmerly, Ian. "Jewish National Fund issues postal substitutes" in <i>The Globe and Mail (Canada)</i> July 22, 1989</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zvi Shilony, <i>Ideology and Settlement; The Jewish National Fund, 1897–1914</i>, Magnes Press (1998), 119–121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1936/04/17/archives/100-colonies-founded-established-in-palestine-by-jewish-national.html?scp=1">"100 colonies founded"</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>. April 17, 1936. Page 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Donald H. Akenson.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780801427558/page/168">"God's Peoples"</a>; Cornell University Press, 1992, p.168</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pij.org-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pij.org_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pij.org_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dan Leon.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pij.org/details.php?id=410">"The Jewish National Fund: How the Land Was 'Redeemed': The JNF's historical concept of exclusively Jewish land is wholly anachronistic"</a>; <i>Palestine-Israel</i> Journal, Vol 12 No. 4 & Vol 13 No. 1, 05/06 /</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Walter Lehn, The Jewish National Fund, <i>Journal of Palestine Studies</i>, Vol. 3, No. 4. (Summer, 1974), pp. 74–96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMetzer1998" class="citation book cs1">Metzer, Jacob (1998-06-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OdEryYxCKTMC&pg=PA92"><i>The Divided Economy of Mandatory Palestine</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 92. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521465502" title="Special:BookSources/9780521465502"><bdi>9780521465502</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Divided+Economy+of+Mandatory+Palestine&rft.pages=92&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998-06-13&rft.isbn=9780521465502&rft.aulast=Metzer&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOdEryYxCKTMC%26pg%3DPA92&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A. Golan. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.snunit.k12.il/heb_journals/katedra/63122.html">The Transfer of Abandoned Rural Arab Lands to Jews During Israel's War of Independence</a></i>, Cathedra, 63, pp. 122–154, 1992 <span class="languageicon">(in Hebrew)</span>. English translation: "The Transfer to Jewish Control of Abandoned Arab Land during the War of Independence," in S.I. Troen and N. Lucas (eds), <i>Israel, The First Decade of Independence</i> (Albany, NY, 1995)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA._Barkat2005" class="citation news cs1">A. Barkat (February 10, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090201174658/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=538435&contrassID=1&subContrassID=9&sbSubContrassID=0&listSrc=Y">"Buying the State of Israel"</a>. Haaretz. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=538435&contrassID=1&subContrassID=9&sbSubContrassID=0&listSrc=Y">the original</a> on 2009-02-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-05-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Buying+the+State+of+Israel&rft.date=2005-02-10&rft.au=A.+Barkat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fhasen%2Fpages%2FShArt.jhtml%3FitemNo%3D538435%26contrassID%3D1%26subContrassID%3D9%26sbSubContrassID%3D0%26listSrc%3DY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFM._Benvenisti2007" class="citation news cs1">M. Benvenisti (May 29, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070601154704/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/864483.html">"With all due respect for the 'blue box'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Haaretz. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/864483.html">the original</a> on 2007-06-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-05-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=With+all+due+respect+for+the+%27blue+box%27&rft.date=2007-05-29&rft.au=M.+Benvenisti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fhasen%2Fspages%2F864483.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130927210835/http://www.mmi.gov.il/Envelope/indexeng.asp?page=%2Fstatic%2Feng%2Ff_general.html">"Israel Land Authority"</a>. Mmi.gov.il. 2006-01-03. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mmi.gov.il/Envelope/indexeng.asp?page=/static/eng/f_general.html">the original</a> on 2013-09-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israel+Land+Authority&rft.pub=Mmi.gov.il&rft.date=2006-01-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mmi.gov.il%2FEnvelope%2Findexeng.asp%3Fpage%3D%2Fstatic%2Feng%2Ff_general.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Kretzmer, <i>The Legal Status of the Arabs in Israel</i> (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1990), pp. 60—61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JNF-USA-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JNF-USA_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JNF-USA_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jnf.org/">"JNF-USA website"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JNF-USA+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jnf.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070701174816/http://www.kkl.org.il/kkl/english/main_subject/curb%20global%20warming/the%20international%20arid%20lands%20consortium.x">"The International Arid Lands Consortium – Joint Research Efforts: FCD Conference"</a>. <i>Jewish National Fund</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kkl.org.il/kkl/english/main_subject/curb%20global%20warming/the%20international%20arid%20lands%20consortium.x">the original</a> on 1 July 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+National+Fund&rft.atitle=The+International+Arid+Lands+Consortium+%E2%80%93+Joint+Research+Efforts%3A+FCD+Conference&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kkl.org.il%2Fkkl%2Fenglish%2Fmain_subject%2Fcurb%2520global%2520warming%2Fthe%2520international%2520arid%2520lands%2520consortium.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070701175156/http://www.kkl.org.il/kkl/english/main_subject/curb%20global%20warming/afforestation%20to%20combat%20desertification%20.x">"Afforestation to Combat Desertification Conference Opens: New Joint Project – Olive Trees for Peace"</a>. <i>Jewish National Fund</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kkl.org.il/kkl/english/main_subject/curb%20global%20warming/afforestation%20to%20combat%20desertification%20.x">the original</a> on 1 July 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+National+Fund&rft.atitle=Afforestation+to+Combat+Desertification+Conference+Opens%3A+New+Joint+Project+%E2%80%93+Olive+Trees+for+Peace&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kkl.org.il%2Fkkl%2Fenglish%2Fmain_subject%2Fcurb%2520global%2520warming%2Fafforestation%2520to%2520combat%2520desertification%2520.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1214726157819&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull">"JPost | French-language news from Israel, the Middle East & the Jewish World"</a>. Fr.jpost.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JPost+%26%23124%3B+French-language+news+from+Israel%2C+the+Middle+East+%26+the+Jewish+World&rft.pub=Fr.jpost.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffr.jpost.com%2Fservlet%2FSatellite%3Fcid%3D1214726157819%26pagename%3DJPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-query.nytimes.com-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-query.nytimes.com_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-query.nytimes.com_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Deborah Sontag. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E00E1DB1239F930A35754C0A9669C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all">"Arboreal Scandal in Israel: Not All of the Trees Planted There Stay Planted"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>, July 3, 2000,</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1214726157819&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull">"From classic forestry to ecological forestry KKL-JNF at 36th Israeli Ecological Society Conference"</a>; Jerusalem Post, June 30, 2008 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120925234802/http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1214726157819&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull">Archived</a> September 25, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pollution_in_a_Promised_Land-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pollution_in_a_Promised_Land_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pollution_in_a_Promised_Land_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Alon Tal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AAuy4ItfBVoC&dq=JNF++pine&pg=PA88"><i>Pollution in a Promised Land</i></a>; University of California, 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shaul Ephraim Cohen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FR4r1sylzXMC&dq=bedouin+grazing+JNF+pine&pg=PA121">"The Politics of Planting"</a>; University of Chicago 1993 p.121</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nathan-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nathan_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNathan2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Susan_Nathan" title="Susan Nathan">Nathan, Susan</a> (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/othersideofisrae00nath/page/130"><i>The Other Side of Israel: My Journey Across the Jewish/Arab Divide</i></a></span>. New York: Nan A. Talese. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/othersideofisrae00nath/page/130">130–131</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-51456-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-51456-9"><bdi>978-0-385-51456-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Other+Side+of+Israel%3A+My+Journey+Across+the+Jewish%2FArab+Divide&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=130-131&rft.pub=Nan+A.+Talese&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-385-51456-9&rft.aulast=Nathan&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fothersideofisrae00nath%2Fpage%2F130&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nathan, Susan (2005) <i>op cit</i> pages 129–130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nathan, Susan (2005) <i>op cit</i> pages 151–152</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100102033025/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/950689.html">"JNF to erect signs in parks, citing destroyed Palestinian villages – <i>Haaretz</i>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/950689.html">the original</a> on 2010-01-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-02-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JNF+to+erect+signs+in+parks%2C+citing+destroyed+Palestinian+villages+%E2%80%93+Haaretz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fhasen%2Fspages%2F950689.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704107104574571491401847518">"Building Peace Without Obama's Interference"</a>. Online.wsj.com. 2009-12-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Building+Peace+Without+Obama%27s+Interference&rft.pub=Online.wsj.com&rft.date=2009-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052748704107104574571491401847518&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130720004128/http://www.jnf.org/about-jnf/history/">"JNF history"</a>. Jnf.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jnf.org/about-jnf/history/">the original</a> on 2013-07-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JNF+history&rft.pub=Jnf.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jnf.org%2Fabout-jnf%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090129165914/http://www.jnf.org/site/PageServer?pagename=negevProjects">"Jewish National Fund – Plant Trees in Israel"</a>. <i>jnf.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jnf.org/site/PageServer?pagename=negevProjects">the original</a> on 2009-01-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=jnf.org&rft.atitle=Jewish+National+Fund+%E2%80%93+Plant+Trees+in+Israel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jnf.org%2Fsite%2FPageServer%3Fpagename%3DnegevProjects&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Daniel Orenstein and Steven Hamburg.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.watsoninstitute.org/news_detail.cfm?id=383">"The JNF's Assault on the Negev"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071019053259/http://www.watsoninstitute.org/news_detail.cfm?id=383">Archived</a> 2007-10-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; <i>The Jerusalem Report</i>, November 28, 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rebecca Manski.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080910014917/http://www.alternativenews.org/images/stories/downloads/NfW_OctNov_2006/A_Desert_Mirage_Manski.pdf">A Desert Mirage: The Rising Role of US Money in Negev Development</a>;<i>News from Within</i> October/November 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neohasid.org/negev/resolution">"Ohalah resolution"</a>. Neohasid.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ohalah+resolution&rft.pub=Neohasid.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.neohasid.org%2Fnegev%2Fresolution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://neohasid.org/negev/save_the_negev/">"Neohasid's Save the Negev Campaign"</a>. Neohasid.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Neohasid%27s+Save+the+Negev+Campaign&rft.pub=Neohasid.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fneohasid.org%2Fnegev%2Fsave_the_negev%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_46-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDyer2019" class="citation news cs1">Dyer, Evan (January 4, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/jnf-charity-donations-1.4949072">"Canadian charity used donations to fund projects linked to Israeli military"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 10,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBC+News&rft.atitle=Canadian+charity+used+donations+to+fund+projects+linked+to+Israeli+military&rft.date=2019-01-04&rft.aulast=Dyer&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fjnf-charity-donations-1.4949072&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forward.com/articles/137187/">"Jewish National Fund Challenged on Discrimination – News"</a>. <i>The Forward</i>. 20 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Forward&rft.atitle=Jewish+National+Fund+Challenged+on+Discrimination+%E2%80%93+News&rft.date=2011-04-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Farticles%2F137187%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNathan-Kazis2017" class="citation news cs1">Nathan-Kazis, Josh (27 July 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forward.com/news/national/378051/jnfs-loans-to-officers-broke-state-law-regulators-say/">"EXCLUSIVE: Iconic Jewish Charity Illegally Loaned $500K To CEO, Regulators Say"</a>. <i>Jewish Daily Forward</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Daily+Forward&rft.atitle=EXCLUSIVE%3A+Iconic+Jewish+Charity+Illegally+Loaned+%24500K+To+CEO%2C+Regulators+Say&rft.date=2017-07-27&rft.aulast=Nathan-Kazis&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2F378051%2Fjnfs-loans-to-officers-broke-state-law-regulators-say%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNathan-Kazis2017" class="citation news cs1">Nathan-Kazis, Josh (4 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forward.com/news/national/379069/jnf-whitewashes-loan-repayment-as-voluntary/?attribution=author-article-listing-1-headline">"In Donor Letter, JNF Whitewashes Repayment Of $700K Loans As 'Voluntary'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Jewish Daily Forward</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Daily+Forward&rft.atitle=In+Donor+Letter%2C+JNF+Whitewashes+Repayment+Of+%24700K+Loans+As+%27Voluntary%27&rft.date=2017-08-04&rft.aulast=Nathan-Kazis&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2F379069%2Fjnf-whitewashes-loan-repayment-as-voluntary%2F%3Fattribution%3Dauthor-article-listing-1-headline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120127191618/http://jnfuk.org/">"JNF-UK website"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jnfuk.org/">the original</a> on 2012-01-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JNF-UK+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jnfuk.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRocker2005" class="citation news cs1">Rocker, Simon (19 October 2005). "KKL splits from JNF in Britain". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Chronicle" title="The Jewish Chronicle">The Jewish Chronicle</a></i>. United Kingdom.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Chronicle&rft.atitle=KKL+splits+from+JNF+in+Britain&rft.date=2005-10-19&rft.aulast=Rocker&rft.aufirst=Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRocker2010" class="citation news cs1">Rocker, Simon (28 October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101114082848/http://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/40320/jnf-settles-%C2%A3700000-sherling-dispute">"JNF settles £700,000 Sherling dispute"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Chronicle" title="The Jewish Chronicle">The Jewish Chronicle</a></i>. United Kingdom. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/40320/jnf-settles-%C2%A3700000-sherling-dispute">the original</a> on 14 November 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Chronicle&rft.atitle=JNF+settles+%C2%A3700%2C000+Sherling+dispute&rft.date=2010-10-28&rft.aulast=Rocker&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-news%2F40320%2Fjnf-settles-%25C2%25A3700000-sherling-dispute&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnshel_Pfeffer2008" class="citation news cs1">Anshel Pfeffer (2008-11-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/business/jnf-deal-ends-dispute-in-israel-u-s-u-k-1.257394">"JNF deal ends dispute in Israel, U.S., U.K."</a> <i>Haaretz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=JNF+deal+ends+dispute+in+Israel%2C+U.S.%2C+U.K.&rft.date=2008-11-18&rft.au=Anshel+Pfeffer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fprint-edition%2Fbusiness%2Fjnf-deal-ends-dispute-in-israel-u-s-u-k-1.257394&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWCOP/2020/25.html">"KKL Executor & Trustee Company Ltd v Harrison [2020] EWCOP 25 (01 May 2020)"</a>. <i>www.bailii.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-01-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bailii.org&rft.atitle=KKL+Executor+%26+Trustee+Company+Ltd+v+Harrison+%5B2020%5D+EWCOP+25+%2801+May+2020%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bailii.org%2Few%2Fcases%2FEWCOP%2F2020%2F25.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'Stop the JNF' campaign relaunched. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejc.com/"><i>The Jewish Chronicle</i></a>, March 31, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cameron leaves the JNF. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejc.com/"><i>The Jewish Chronicle</i></a>, Simon Rocker, May 26, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cameron's JNF split: it was Israel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejc.com/"><i>The Jewish Chronicle</i></a>, Robyn Rosen, June 2, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-grauniad-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-grauniad_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherwood2011" class="citation news cs1">Sherwood, Harriet (29 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2011/may/29/david-cameron-resigns-patron-jnf">"David Cameron resigns as patron of the Jewish National Fund"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. United Kingdom<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=David+Cameron+resigns+as+patron+of+the+Jewish+National+Fund&rft.date=2011-05-29&rft.aulast=Sherwood&rft.aufirst=Harriet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2011%2Fmay%2F29%2Fdavid-cameron-resigns-patron-jnf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.uk/edm/2010-12/1677">"Early day motion 1677 – Jewish National Fund"</a>. UK Parliament<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Early+day+motion+1677+%E2%80%93+Jewish+National+Fund&rft.pub=UK+Parliament&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.uk%2Fedm%2F2010-12%2F1677&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimon_Rocker2011" class="citation news cs1">Simon Rocker (2011-10-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120913140536/http://www.thejc.com/node/57211">"Anti-JNF move fails"</a>. <i>The Jewish Chronicle</i>. United Kingdom. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejc.com/node/57211">the original</a> on 2012-09-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Anti-JNF+move+fails&rft.date=2011-10-27&rft.au=Simon+Rocker&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejc.com%2Fnode%2F57211&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcus_Dysch2012" class="citation news cs1">Marcus Dysch (2012-03-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120305033249/http://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/64384/greens-denounce-jnf-racist-and-colonial">"Greens denounce JNF as 'racist' and colonial"</a>. <i>The Jewish Chronicle</i>. United Kingdom. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/64384/greens-denounce-jnf-racist-and-colonial">the original</a> on 2012-03-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-03-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Greens+denounce+JNF+as+%27racist%27+and+colonial&rft.date=2012-03-01&rft.au=Marcus+Dysch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-news%2F64384%2Fgreens-denounce-jnf-racist-and-colonial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejc.com/lets-talk/all/i-have-always-fought-prejudice-and-bigotry-3KnLDq8AFD8c786eVsEsTG">"I have always fought prejudice and bigotry"</a>. <i>www.thejc.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-01-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thejc.com&rft.atitle=I+have+always+fought+prejudice+and+bigotry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejc.com%2Flets-talk%2Fall%2Fi-have-always-fought-prejudice-and-bigotry-3KnLDq8AFD8c786eVsEsTG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook2009" class="citation news cs1">Cook, Jonathan (18 June 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/mena/canadian-ambassador-honoured-at-illegal-park-1.522327">"Canadian ambassador honoured at illegal park"</a>. <i>The National</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+National&rft.atitle=Canadian+ambassador+honoured+at+illegal+park&rft.date=2009-06-18&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenationalnews.com%2Fworld%2Fmena%2Fcanadian-ambassador-honoured-at-illegal-park-1.522327&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLam2021" class="citation web cs1">Lam, Justin (23 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadafiles.com/articles/independent-jewish-voices-stop-jnf-canada-campaign-calls-to-cease-colonization-of-palestinian-land">"Independent Jewish Voices 'Stop JNF Canada' Campaign calls to cease colonization of Palestinian Land"</a>. <i>The Canada Files</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Canada+Files&rft.atitle=Independent+Jewish+Voices+%27Stop+JNF+Canada%27+Campaign+calls+to+cease+colonization+of+Palestinian+Land&rft.date=2021-01-23&rft.aulast=Lam&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadafiles.com%2Farticles%2Findependent-jewish-voices-stop-jnf-canada-campaign-calls-to-cease-colonization-of-palestinian-land&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmir_Tibon2024" class="citation news cs1">Amir Tibon (13 August 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/2024-08-13/ty-article/.premium/canada-revokes-tax-free-status-from-two-major-jewish-nonprofits-that-work-in-israel/00000191-4ab0-d829-a5dd-4ff564d20000">"Canada Revokes JNF's Tax-exempt Status Amid Complaints About Its West Bank Activities"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Canada+Revokes+JNF%27s+Tax-exempt+Status+Amid+Complaints+About+Its+West+Bank+Activities&rft.date=2024-08-13&rft.au=Amir+Tibon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fjewish%2F2024-08-13%2Fty-article%2F.premium%2Fcanada-revokes-tax-free-status-from-two-major-jewish-nonprofits-that-work-in-israel%2F00000191-4ab0-d829-a5dd-4ff564d20000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thecjn.ca/news/jnf-canada-revoked-by-cra/">"Read about why JNF Canada lost charitable status after a decade of problems"</a>. <i>The Canadian Jewish News</i>. 2024-08-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Jewish+News&rft.atitle=Read+about+why+JNF+Canada+lost+charitable+status+after+a+decade+of+problems&rft.date=2024-08-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthecjn.ca%2Fnews%2Fjnf-canada-revoked-by-cra%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jnf.ca/news/standwithjnfcanada/">"Stand With Us Against Targeted Bias | Jewish National Fund of Canada | The Jewish National Fund of Canada, together with support from our donors & volunteers across the country, is building the foundations for Israel's future"</a>. <i>www.jnf.ca</i>. 2024-09-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jnf.ca&rft.atitle=Stand+With+Us+Against+Targeted+Bias+%7C+Jewish+National+Fund+of+Canada+%7C+The+Jewish+National+Fund+of+Canada%2C+together+with+support+from+our+donors+%26+volunteers+across+the+country%2C+is+building+the+foundations+for+Israel%27s+future.&rft.date=2024-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jnf.ca%2Fnews%2Fstandwithjnfcanada%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thecjn.ca/podcasts/jnf-canada-ceo-lance-davis-blasts-cra-after-charitys-status-revoked/">"JNF Canada CEO Lance Davis blasts CRA after charity's status revoked"</a>. <i>The Canadian Jewish News</i>. 2024-09-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Jewish+News&rft.atitle=JNF+Canada+CEO+Lance+Davis+blasts+CRA+after+charity%27s+status+revoked&rft.date=2024-09-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthecjn.ca%2Fpodcasts%2Fjnf-canada-ceo-lance-davis-blasts-cra-after-charitys-status-revoked%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Memorial Book for the Jewish Community of Yurburg, Lithuania – Translation and Update, Joel Alpert, Zevulun Poran, זבולון פורן, Josef Rosin, Fania Hilelson Jivotovsky, Assistance to Lithuanian Jews, 2003, p. 356.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7_69-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7_69-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moshe_Kol-Kalman_2009,_p._116-7_69-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Moshe Kol-Kalman, <i>The Blue Box,</i> The Israel Philatelist, June 2009, Vol LX, No. 3, p. 116-7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNussbaum_Cohen" class="citation news cs1">Nussbaum Cohen, Debra. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/jewish/news/.premium-1.679448">"U.S. Jewish Group Goes After JNF Over West Bank Donations"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=U.S.+Jewish+Group+Goes+After+JNF+Over+West+Bank+Donations&rft.aulast=Nussbaum+Cohen&rft.aufirst=Debra&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fjewish%2Fnews%2F.premium-1.679448&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlanzNazzal2016" class="citation news cs1">Glanz, James; Nazzal, Rami (May 14, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/15/world/middleeast/solar-project-pairs-muslims-and-jews-to-aid-west-bank-farmers.html">"Solar Project Pairs Muslims and Jews to Aid West Bank Farmers"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Solar+Project+Pairs+Muslims+and+Jews+to+Aid+West+Bank+Farmers&rft.date=2016-05-14&rft.aulast=Glanz&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Nazzal%2C+Rami&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F05%2F15%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fsolar-project-pairs-muslims-and-jews-to-aid-west-bank-farmers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-jnf-finally-releases-list-of-grantees-in-settlements-1.5441233">"Jewish National Fund finally releases list of grantees in Israeli West Bank settlements"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Jewish+National+Fund+finally+releases+list+of+grantees+in+Israeli+West+Bank+settlements&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F.premium-jnf-finally-releases-list-of-grantees-in-settlements-1.5441233&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-jnf-s-israel-based-board-votes-to-allocate-funding-for-west-bank-land-purchases-1.9569312">"JNF's Israel-based board votes to allocate funding for West Bank land purchases"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=JNF%27s+Israel-based+board+votes+to+allocate+funding+for+West+Bank+land+purchases&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F.premium-jnf-s-israel-based-board-votes-to-allocate-funding-for-west-bank-land-purchases-1.9569312&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20210218-jewish-national-fund-expands-settlement-influence-towards-west-bank/">"Jewish National Fund expands settlement influence towards West Bank – Middle East Monitor"</a>. 18 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jewish+National+Fund+expands+settlement+influence+towards+West+Bank+%E2%80%93+Middle+East+Monitor&rft.date=2021-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.middleeastmonitor.com%2F20210218-jewish-national-fund-expands-settlement-influence-towards-west-bank%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagid" class="citation web cs1">Magid, Jacob. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/amid-growing-outcry-kkl-jnf-delays-controversial-vote-on-buying-west-bank-land/">"Amid growing outcry, KKL-JNF delays controversial vote on buying West Bank land"</a>. <i>www.timesofisrael.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.timesofisrael.com&rft.atitle=Amid+growing+outcry%2C+KKL-JNF+delays+controversial+vote+on+buying+West+Bank+land&rft.aulast=Magid&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Famid-growing-outcry-kkl-jnf-delays-controversial-vote-on-buying-west-bank-land%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSterman" class="citation news cs1">Sterman, Adiv. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/ministers-shoot-down-bill-for-jnf-transparency/">"Ministers shoot down bill for JNF transparency"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ministers+shoot+down+bill+for+JNF+transparency&rft.aulast=Sterman&rft.aufirst=Adiv&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fministers-shoot-down-bill-for-jnf-transparency%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lehn, W. 'The Jewish National Fund', in <i>The Journal of Palestine Studies</i> Vol:3(4) (1974)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Supreme Court Petition: H.C. 9205/04, Adalah v. The Israel Lands Administration, the Minister of Finance and the Jewish National Fund.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">H.C. 9010/04, The Arab Center for Alternative Planning, et al. v. The Israel Lands Administration, et al.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpangler2015" class="citation book cs1">Spangler, Eve (28 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v2AICgAAQBAJ&pg=PA91"><i>Understanding Israel/Palestine: Race, Nation, and Human Rights in the Conflict</i></a>. Springer. p. 91. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-6300-088-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-6300-088-8"><bdi>978-94-6300-088-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+Israel%2FPalestine%3A+Race%2C+Nation%2C+and+Human+Rights+in+the+Conflict&rft.pages=91&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2015-06-28&rft.isbn=978-94-6300-088-8&rft.aulast=Spangler&rft.aufirst=Eve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv2AICgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA91&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/jnf-treasury-seek-formula-for-continued-jews-only-land-sales-1.148521">JNF, treasury seek formula for continued Jews-only land sales.</a> <i>Haaretz</i>. Yuval Yoaz. January 28, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoav_Stern_and_Shahar_Ilan2007" class="citation news cs1">Yoav Stern and Shahar Ilan (July 19, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100407094611/http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/883536.html">"Bill allocating JNF land to Jews only passes preliminary reading"</a>. Haaretz. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/883536.html">the original</a> on 2010-04-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-07-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Bill+allocating+JNF+land+to+Jews+only+passes+preliminary+reading&rft.date=2007-07-19&rft.au=Yoav+Stern+and+Shahar+Ilan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fhasen%2Fspages%2F883536.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adalah.org/eng/jnf.php">NEWS UPDATE 27 September 2007: Supreme Court Adopts Jewish National Fund's Request to Delay Full Hearing of Adalah's Petition for Three Months to Allow JNF and State to Reach Agreement Regarding Marketing of JNF-Controlled Land"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080511221215/http://www.adalah.org/eng/jnf.php">Archived</a> May 11, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; Adalah, 2008]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adalah.org/eng/jnf.php#committee">"SPECIAL REPORT on The Jewish National Fund: Challenging the discriminatory land policies of the Jewish National Fund (JNF)"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080511221215/http://www.adalah.org/eng/jnf.php">Archived</a> 2008-05-11 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Adalah, 2008]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmiram_Barkat2007" class="citation news cs1">Amiram Barkat (2007-07-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/news/ex-minister-rubinstein-state-should-reclaim-land-given-to-jnf-1.226146">"Ex-minister Rubinstein: State should reclaim land given to JNF"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Ex-minister+Rubinstein%3A+State+should+reclaim+land+given+to+JNF&rft.date=2007-07-07&rft.au=Amiram+Barkat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fnews%2Fex-minister-rubinstein-state-should-reclaim-land-given-to-jnf-1.226146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYitzhak_Bam2007" class="citation news cs1">Yitzhak Bam (2007-07-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/opinion/a-mazuz-bypass-law-1.226259">"A Mazuz bypass law"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=A+Mazuz+bypass+law&rft.date=2007-07-26&rft.au=Yitzhak+Bam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fprint-edition%2Fopinion%2Fa-mazuz-bypass-law-1.226259&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JNF-swap-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JNF-swap_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShahar_Ilan2007" class="citation news cs1">Shahar Ilan (2007-10-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/deal-would-have-state-jnf-swap-60-000-dunams-1.232133">"Deal would have state, JNF swap 60,000 dunams"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Deal+would+have+state%2C+JNF+swap+60%2C000+dunams&rft.date=2007-10-30&rft.au=Shahar+Ilan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fprint-edition%2Fnews%2Fdeal-would-have-state-jnf-swap-60-000-dunams-1.232133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaaretz_and_Nir_Hasson2011" class="citation news cs1">Haaretz and Nir Hasson (2011-12-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/jewish-world/jnf-board-member-resigns-to-protest-eviction-of-east-jerusalem-palestinian-family-1.401416">"JNF board member resigns to protest eviction of East Jerusalem Palestinian family"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=JNF+board+member+resigns+to+protest+eviction+of+East+Jerusalem+Palestinian+family&rft.date=2011-12-14&rft.au=Haaretz+and+Nir+Hasson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fjewish-world%2Fjnf-board-member-resigns-to-protest-eviction-of-east-jerusalem-palestinian-family-1.401416&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNir_Hasson2011" class="citation news cs1">Nir Hasson (2011-11-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/palestinian-family-given-two-weeks-to-vacate-east-jerusalem-home-1.395590">"Palestinian family given two weeks to vacate East Jerusalem home"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Palestinian+family+given+two+weeks+to+vacate+East+Jerusalem+home&rft.date=2011-11-11&rft.au=Nir+Hasson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fprint-edition%2Fnews%2Fpalestinian-family-given-two-weeks-to-vacate-east-jerusalem-home-1.395590&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-delay-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-delay_90-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-delay_90-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNir_Hasson2011" class="citation news cs1">Nir Hasson (2011-11-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/jnf-delays-eviction-of-palestinian-family-from-east-jerusalem-home-1.397923">"JNF delays eviction of Palestinian family from East Jerusalem home"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=JNF+delays+eviction+of+Palestinian+family+from+East+Jerusalem+home&rft.date=2011-11-27&rft.au=Nir+Hasson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fprint-edition%2Fnews%2Fjnf-delays-eviction-of-palestinian-family-from-east-jerusalem-home-1.397923&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHannah_Weisfeld2011" class="citation news cs1">Hannah Weisfeld (2011-12-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120206092149/http://www.thejc.com/comment-and-debate/comment/59935/eviction-assaults-israels-values">"Eviction assaults Israel's values"</a>. <i>Jewish Chronicle</i>. United Kingdom. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejc.com/comment-and-debate/comment/59935/eviction-assaults-israels-values">the original</a> on 2012-02-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Eviction+assaults+Israel%27s+values&rft.date=2011-12-09&rft.au=Hannah+Weisfeld&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejc.com%2Fcomment-and-debate%2Fcomment%2F59935%2Feviction-assaults-israels-values&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jta.org/1998/07/24/archive/jnf-seeks-to-reclaim-property-by-evicting-a-palestinian-family-3">"JNF Seeks to Reclaim Property by Evicting a Palestinian Family"</a>. July 24, 1998.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JNF+Seeks+to+Reclaim+Property+by+Evicting+a+Palestinian+Family&rft.date=1998-07-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jta.org%2F1998%2F07%2F24%2Farchive%2Fjnf-seeks-to-reclaim-property-by-evicting-a-palestinian-family-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewish+National+Fund" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jewish_National_Fund" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Jewish National Fund">Jewish National Fund</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kkl.org.il/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q696658#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jnf.org/">United States branch</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digifindingaids.cjh.org/?pID=3496773">Guide to the Jewish National Fund Records in the Hadassah Archives on Long-term Deposit</a> at the <a href="/wiki/American_Jewish_Historical_Society" title="American Jewish Historical Society">American Jewish Historical Society</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zionistarchives.org.il/en/Pages/Default.aspx">The Central Zionist Archives</a> in Jerusalem. Collections of the Jewish National Fund.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080511221215/http://www.adalah.org/eng/jnf.php">Adalah's lawsuit</a> against KKL-JNF</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927032828/http://www.intelligentgiving.com/charity/225910">Intelligent Giving profile of JNF Charitable Trust (UK)</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup> – Note that JNF-CT (UK) is no longer affiliated with KKL-JNF</li> <li>Joel H. Golovensky and Ariel Gilboa, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://azure.org.il/issues.php?id=47">"Is This Land Still Our Land? The Expropriation of Zionism"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azure_(magazine)" title="Azure (magazine)"><i>Azure</i></a> 36 (Spring 2009).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080409162153/http://www.ameinu.net/news/newsarticles.php?newsid=152">Ameinu writes in opposition to JNF bill 2007</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.palestineposterproject.org/publisher/jewish-national-fund">Collection of Jewish National Fund posters</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digipres.cjh.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE322151"><i>Erez Israel</i> (B70)</a>, early newsletter of the Jewish National Fund, digitized at the <a href="/wiki/Leo_Baeck_Institute,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Leo Baeck Institute, New York">Leo Baeck Institute, New York</a> <span class="languageicon">(in German)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Zionism226" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Zionism" title="Template:Zionism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Zionism" title="Template talk:Zionism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Zionism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Zionism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Zionism226" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zion" title="Zion">Zion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Israel" title="Land of Israel">Land of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aliyah" title="Aliyah">Aliyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerida" title="Yerida">Yerida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeland_for_the_Jewish_people" title="Homeland for the Jewish people">Homeland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Proposals_for_a_Jewish_state" title="Proposals for a Jewish state">proposals</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_state" title="Jewish state">Jewish state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Return" title="Law of Return">Law of Return</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yishuv" title="Yishuv">Yishuv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Territorial_Organization" title="Jewish Territorial Organization">Territorialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promised_Land" title="Promised Land">Promised Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gathering_of_Israel" title="Gathering of Israel">Gathering of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_and_Stockade" title="Tower and Stockade">Settlement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negation_of_the_Diaspora" title="Negation of the Diaspora">Negation of the Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revival_of_the_Hebrew_language" title="Revival of the Hebrew language">Revival of the Hebrew language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebraization_of_surnames" title="Hebraization of surnames">Hebraization of surnames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaization" title="Judaization">Judaization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionism,_race_and_genetics" class="mw-redirect" title="Zionism, race and genetics">Zionism, race and genetics</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zionism-template.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Theodor Herzl, Israel's flag and its declaration of independence"><img alt="Theodor Herzl, Israel's flag and its declaration of independence" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Zionism-template.png/45px-Zionism-template.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Zionism-template.png/68px-Zionism-template.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Zionism-template.png 2x" data-file-width="83" data-file-height="274" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_Zionism" title="Types of Zionism">Ideologies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Zionists" title="General Zionists">General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Zionism" title="Labor Zionism">Labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Zionism" title="Revisionist Zionism">Revisionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_Zionism" title="Reform Zionism">Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionism" title="Religious Zionism">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Zionism" title="Cultural Zionism">Cultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Zionism" title="Federal Zionism">Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Zionism" title="Post-Zionism">Post-Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Zionism" title="Proto-Zionism">Proto-Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Zionism" title="Neo-Zionism">Neo-Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Zionism" title="Non-Zionism">Non-Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Zionism" title="Green Zionism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Zionism" title="Christian Zionism">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_supporters_of_Israel" title="Muslim supporters of Israel">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canaanism" title="Canaanism">Canaanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiddishist_movement" title="Yiddishist movement">Yiddishist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golus_nationalism" title="Golus nationalism">Golus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Zionist_organizations" title="Category:Zionist organizations">Organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Histadrut" title="Histadrut">Histadrut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hovevei_Zion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hovevei Zion">Hovevei Zion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilu_(movement)" title="Bilu (movement)">Bilu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Zionist_Organization" title="World Zionist Organization">World Zionist Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_General_Council" title="Zionist General Council">Zionist General Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_Federation_of_Germany" title="Zionist Federation of Germany">Zionist Federation of Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_Organization_of_America" title="Zionist Organization of America">Zionist Organization of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_Organization_of_Canada" title="Zionist Organization of Canada">Zionist Organization of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionists_of_America" title="Religious Zionists of America">Religious Zionists of America</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jewish National Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poale_Zion" title="Poale Zion">Poale Zion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Agency_for_Israel" title="Jewish Agency for Israel">Jewish Agency for Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_National_Council" title="Jewish National Council">Jewish National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizrachi_(political_party)" title="Mizrachi (political party)">Mizrachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bnei_Akiva" title="Bnei Akiva">Bnei Akiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habonim_Dror" title="Habonim Dror">Habonim Dror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashomer_Hatzair" title="Hashomer Hatzair">Hashomer Hatzair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haganah" title="Haganah">Haganah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HaNoar_HaTzioni" title="HaNoar HaTzioni">HaNoar HaTzioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Agudath_Israel" title="World Agudath Israel">World Agudath Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irgun" title="Irgun">Irgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betar" title="Betar">Betar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betar_US" title="Betar US">Betar US</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehi_(militant_group)" title="Lehi (militant group)">Lehi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Party_(Czechoslovakia)" title="Jewish Party (Czechoslovakia)">Jewish Party (Czechoslovakia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Party_(Romania)" title="Jewish Party (Romania)">Jewish Party (Romania)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Resistance_Movement" title="Jewish Resistance Movement">Jewish Resistance Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmach" title="Palmach">Palmach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_International_Zionist_Organization" title="Women's International Zionist Organization">Women's International Zionist Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadassah_Women%27s_Zionist_Organization_of_America" title="Hadassah Women's Zionist Organization of America">Hadassah Women's Zionist Organization of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aytzim" title="Aytzim">Aytzim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Zionist_Movement" title="American Zionist Movement">American Zionist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Am_Yisrael_Foundation" title="Am Yisrael Foundation">Am Yisrael Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_Federation_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland">Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Zionist_Strategies" title="Institute for Zionist Strategies">Institute for Zionist Strategies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fellowship_of_Christians_and_Jews" title="International Fellowship of Christians and Jews">International Fellowship of Christians and Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefesh_B%27Nefesh" title="Nefesh B'Nefesh">Nefesh B'Nefesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birthright_Israel" title="Birthright Israel">Birthright Israel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">History and<br />timelines</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Israel" title="History of Israel">History of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Aliyah_in_modern_times" title="Chronology of Aliyah in modern times">Chronology of Aliyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Zionism" title="History of Zionism">History of Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balfour_Declaration" title="Balfour Declaration">Balfour Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_3379" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379">UN General Assembly Resolution 3379</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_46/86" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 46/86">UN General Assembly Resolution 46/86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Zionism" title="Timeline of Zionism">Timeline of Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_process" title="Israeli–Palestinian peace process">Israeli–Palestinian peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Arab–Israeli conflict">Timeline of the Arab–Israeli conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Holidays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yom_HaZikaron" title="Yom HaZikaron">Yom HaZikaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Israel)" title="Independence Day (Israel)">Independence Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Day" title="Jerusalem Day">Jerusalem Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yom_HaAliyah" title="Yom HaAliyah">Yom HaAliyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzl_Day" title="Herzl Day">Herzl Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabotinsky_Day" title="Jabotinsky Day">Jabotinsky Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben-Gurion_Day" title="Ben-Gurion Day">Ben-Gurion Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabin_Day" title="Rabin Day">Rabin Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Zionists" title="List of Zionists">List of Zionists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Zionism" title="Anti-Zionism">Anti-Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">Antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_antisemitism" title="New antisemitism">New antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Not_one_inch" title="Not one inch">Not one inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Autonomism" title="Jewish Autonomism">Jewish Autonomism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_emancipation" title="Jewish emancipation">Jewish emancipation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_political_movements" title="Jewish political movements">Jewish political movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Israel" title="Greater Israel">Greater Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscular_Judaism" title="Muscular Judaism">Muscular Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_supporters_of_Israel" title="Muslim supporters of Israel">Muslim supporters of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_except_Palestine" title="Progressive except Palestine">Progressive except Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionism_as_settler_colonialism" title="Zionism as settler colonialism">Zionism as settler colonialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_antisemitism" title="Zionist antisemitism">Zionist antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_political_violence" title="Zionist political violence">Zionist political violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zio_(pejorative)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zio (pejorative)">Zio (pejorative)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulpan" title="Ulpan">Ulpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_Israel" title="Conservatism in Israel">Conservatism in Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Israel" title="Liberalism in Israel">Liberalism in Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_on_Islam_controversy" title="War on Islam controversy">War on Islam controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salah_Al-Zawawi" title="Salah Al-Zawawi">Salah Al-Zawawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Democracy_Institute" title="Israel Democracy Institute">Israel Democracy Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Health_(Palestine)" title="Ministry of Health (Palestine)">Ministry of Health (Palestine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operations_attributed_to_Israel_in_Iran" title="Operations attributed to Israel in Iran">Operations attributed to Israel in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_the_Defence_of_Palestinian_Nation" title="Society for the Defence of Palestinian Nation">Society for the Defence of Palestinian Nation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q696658#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1927" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q696658#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1927" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q696658#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000459287077">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/312739426">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1013336-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80046906">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11869537t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11869537t">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35246722">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Židovský národní fond"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20130511001&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90572993">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/1zcfc1nk3sg5mk4">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/a0000002027777">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/21681">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007266721105171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058508056606706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026449471">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jewish_National_Fund&oldid=1275295909">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jewish_National_Fund&oldid=1275295909</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Environmental_organizations_based_in_Israel" title="Category:Environmental organizations based in Israel">Environmental organizations based in Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Israel_Prize_recipients_that_are_organizations" title="Category:Israel Prize recipients that are organizations">Israel Prize recipients that are organizations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Israel_Prize_for_lifetime_achievement_%26_special_contribution_to_society_recipients" title="Category:Israel Prize for lifetime achievement & special contribution to society recipients">Israel Prize for lifetime achievement & special contribution to society recipients</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Organizations_established_in_1901" title="Category:Organizations established in 1901">Organizations established in 1901</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Yishuv" title="Category:Yishuv">Yishuv</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Zionist_organizations" title="Category:Zionist organizations">Zionist organizations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Land_management_in_Israel" title="Category:Land management in Israel">Land management in Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:International_Jewish_organizations" title="Category:International Jewish organizations">International Jewish organizations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Forestry_in_Israel" title="Category:Forestry in Israel">Forestry in Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Desert_greening" title="Category:Desert greening">Desert greening</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Reforestation" title="Category:Reforestation">Reforestation</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Hebrew-language_sources_(he)" title="Category:CS1 Hebrew-language sources (he)">CS1 Hebrew-language sources (he)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Hebrew-language_sources_(he)" title="Category:Articles with Hebrew-language sources (he)">Articles with Hebrew-language sources (he)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_September_2017" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from September 2017">Articles with dead external links from September 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_extended-confirmed-protected_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages">Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Hebrew-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Hebrew-language text">Articles containing Hebrew-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2012" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2012">Articles with unsourced statements from April 2012</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_May_2019" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from May 2019">Articles lacking reliable references from May 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_vague_or_ambiguous_time" title="Category:All articles with vague or ambiguous time">All articles with vague or ambiguous time</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_time_from_February_2011" title="Category:Vague or ambiguous time from February 2011">Vague or ambiguous time from February 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:Articles with German-language sources (de)">Articles with German-language sources (de)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 12 February 2025, at 04:59<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jewish_National_Fund&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jewish National Fund</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>28 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-l4hdd","wgBackendResponseTime":113,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.103","walltime":"1.339","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6335,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":166090,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":8447,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":9,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":251512,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1181.817 1 -total"," 32.88% 388.572 1 Template:Reflist"," 26.77% 316.416 1 Template:Infobox_company"," 25.73% 304.062 1 Template:Infobox"," 14.98% 177.027 30 Template:Cite_web"," 12.78% 151.041 1 Template:Lang"," 8.99% 106.279 27 Template:Cite_news"," 8.26% 97.665 1 Template:Zionism"," 8.21% 97.049 2 Template:Navbox"," 6.41% 75.779 1 Template:Pp"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.687","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":19777026,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-5b65fffc7d-4lmnb","timestamp":"20250215080100","ttl":1180756,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Jewish National Fund","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_National_Fund","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q696658","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q696658","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-08-14T13:30:00Z","dateModified":"2025-02-12T04:59:40Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/76\/Flag_of_Jewish_National_Fund.svg","headline":"Jewish organization founded in 1901"}</script> </body> </html>