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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnicity category</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Mixed</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Counties_of_the_UK_Mixed.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Counties_of_the_UK_Mixed.svg/220px-Counties_of_the_UK_Mixed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="406" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Counties_of_the_UK_Mixed.svg/330px-Counties_of_the_UK_Mixed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Counties_of_the_UK_Mixed.svg/440px-Counties_of_the_UK_Mixed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="945" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Distribution by local authority in the 2011 census</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <b>United Kingdom: 1,793,257 – 2.7% (<a href="/wiki/2021_United_Kingdom_census" title="2021 United Kingdom census">2021/22 Census</a>)</b><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>: 1,669,378 – 3.0% (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-2021census_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021census-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/23px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/35px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/46px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>: 48,598 – 1.6% (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-2021census_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021census-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> <b>England and Wales by Mixed Ethnicities (2021)</b> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <ul><li>White and Black Caribbean: 513,040</li> <li>White and Asian: 488,228</li> <li>Other Mixed or Multiple Ethnic Groups: 467,116</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_White_and_Black_African_people_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Mixed White and Black African people in the United Kingdom">White and Black African</a>: 249,593</li></ul></li></ul> </div> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>: 60,899 – 1.1% (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-2022census_Scot_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2022census_Scot-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>: 14,382 – 0.8% (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-NICensus2021_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NICensus2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Leeds" title="Leeds">Leeds</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Buckinghamshire" title="Buckinghamshire">Buckinghamshire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Nottingham" title="Nottingham">Nottingham</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Predominantly <a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Irreligion in the United Kingdom">Irreligious</a> (43.6%) or <a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in_Britain" title="History of Christianity in Britain">Christianity</a> (36.7%); minority follows <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Islam in the United Kingdom">Islam</a> (8.4%) and <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Religion in the United Kingdom">other faiths</a> (3.0%)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><small>2021 census, NI, England and Wales only</small><sup id="cite_ref-ReligionNI2021_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReligionNI2021-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Religion_E&W21_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Religion_E&W21-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mixed</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Classification_of_ethnicity_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom">ethnic group category</a> that was first introduced by the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Office_for_National_Statistics" title="Office for National Statistics">Office for National Statistics</a> for the <a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_census" title="2001 United Kingdom census">2001 Census</a>. Colloquially, it refers to British citizens or residents whose parents are of two or more <a href="/wiki/Race_(classification_of_human_beings)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (classification of human beings)">races</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">ethnic</a> backgrounds. The Mixed or Multiple ethnic group numbered just under 1.8 million in the <a href="/wiki/2021_United_Kingdom_census" title="2021 United Kingdom census">2021 United Kingdom census</a> or 2.7% of the total UK population.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2022census_Scot_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2022census_Scot-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NICensus2021_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NICensus2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mixed_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of academics have pointed out that the ethnicity classification employed in the census and other official statistics in the UK since 1991 involve confusion between the concepts of ethnicity and <a href="/wiki/Race_(human_classification)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (human classification)">race</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kertzer_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kertzer-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aspinall notes that sustained academic attention has been focused on "how the censuses measure ethnicity, especially the use of dimensions that many claim have little to do with ethnicity, such as skin colour, race, and nationality".<sup id="cite_ref-Aspinall_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aspinall-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The year 2001 was the first census which asked about mixed race identity. In that census, 677,177 classified themselves as of mixed ethnicity, making up 1.2 percent of the country's population.<sup id="cite_ref-2001_census_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2001_census-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2011 Census gave the figure as 2.2% for England and Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-UK_Government_Ethnicity_Figures_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UK_Government_Ethnicity_Figures-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Office_for_National_Statistics" title="Office for National Statistics">Office for National Statistics</a> estimates suggest that 956,700 mixed-ethnicity people were resident in England (as opposed to the whole of the country) as of mid-2009, compared to 654,000 at mid-2001.<sup id="cite_ref-Estimates_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Estimates-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of May 2011, this figure surpassed 1 million.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was estimated in 2007 that, by 2020, 1.24 million people in the UK would be of mixed race.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Research conducted by the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, however, suggests that the mixed race population could already be twice the official estimate figure - up to 2 million.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <i>The Economist</i> in October 2020, the 2011 census figure "is probably an undercount, since not all children of mixed marriages will have ticked one of the mixed categories, and the number is likely to have grown since the census".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>3.5 percent of all births in England and Wales in 2005 were mixed-ethnicity babies, with 0.9 percent being 'Mixed White and Black Caribbean', 0.5 percent '<a href="/wiki/Mixed_White_and_Black_African" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixed White and Black African">Mixed White and Black African</a>', 0.8 percent 'Mixed White and Asian', and 1.3 percent any other mixed background.<sup id="cite_ref-Births_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Births-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mixed_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%; margin:auto;"> <caption>Mixed population by region and country </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a> / <a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2021_United_Kingdom_census" title="2021 United Kingdom census">2021</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2011_United_Kingdom_census" title="2011 United Kingdom census">2011</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_census" title="2001 United Kingdom census">2001</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Number </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th>Number </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th>Number </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></b> </td> <td><b>1,669,378</b> </td> <td><b>2.96%</b> </td> <td><b>1,192,879</b> </td> <td><b>2.25%</b> </td> <td><b>643,373</b> </td> <td><b>1.31%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>—<a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a> </td> <td>505,775 </td> <td>5.75% </td> <td>405,279 </td> <td>4.96% </td> <td>226,111 </td> <td>3.15% </td></tr> <tr> <td>—<a href="/wiki/South_East_England" title="South East England">South East</a> </td> <td>260,871 </td> <td>2.81% </td> <td>167,764 </td> <td>1.94% </td> <td>85,779 </td> <td>1.07% </td></tr> <tr> <td>—<a href="/wiki/East_of_England" title="East of England">East of England</a> </td> <td>179,654 </td> <td>2.84% </td> <td>112,116 </td> <td>1.92% </td> <td>57,984 </td> <td>1.08% </td></tr> <tr> <td>—<a href="/wiki/West_Midlands_(region)" title="West Midlands (region)">West Midlands</a> </td> <td>178,224 </td> <td>2.99% </td> <td>131,714 </td> <td>2.35% </td> <td>73,225 </td> <td>1.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td>—<a href="/wiki/North_West_England" title="North West England">North West</a> </td> <td>163,245 </td> <td>2.20% </td> <td>110,891 </td> <td>1.57% </td> <td>62,539 </td> <td>0.93% </td></tr> <tr> <td>—<a href="/wiki/East_Midlands" title="East Midlands">East Midlands</a> </td> <td>117,247 </td> <td>2.40% </td> <td>86,224 </td> <td>1.90% </td> <td>43,141 </td> <td>1.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td>—<a href="/wiki/Yorkshire_and_the_Humber" title="Yorkshire and the Humber">Yorkshire and the Humber</a> </td> <td>117,017 </td> <td>2.14% </td> <td>84,558 </td> <td>1.60% </td> <td>44,995 </td> <td>0.91% </td></tr> <tr> <td>—<a href="/wiki/South_West_England" title="South West England">South West</a> </td> <td>114,074 </td> <td>2.00% </td> <td>71,884 </td> <td>1.36% </td> <td>37,371 </td> <td>0.76% </td></tr> <tr> <td>—<a href="/wiki/North_East_England" title="North East England">North East</a> </td> <td>33,271 </td> <td>1.26% </td> <td>22,449 </td> <td>0.86% </td> <td>12,228 </td> <td>0.49% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Census2021/22_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census2021/22-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>60,899</b> </td> <td><b>1.12%</b> </td> <td><b>19,815</b> </td> <td><b>0.37%</b> </td> <td><b>12,764</b> </td> <td><b>0.25%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/23px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/35px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/46px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a></b> </td> <td><b>48,598</b> </td> <td><b>1.56%</b> </td> <td><b>31,521</b> </td> <td><b>1.03%</b> </td> <td><b>17,661</b> </td> <td><b>0.61%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></b> </td> <td><b>14,382</b> </td> <td><b>0.76%</b> </td> <td><b>6,014</b> </td> <td><b>0.33%</b> </td> <td><b>3,319</b> </td> <td><b>0.20%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></b> </th> <th><b>1,793,257</b> </th> <th><b>2.68%</b> </th> <th><b>1,250,414</b> </th> <th><b>1.98%</b> </th> <th><b>677,117</b> </th> <th><b>1.15%</b> </th></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mixed_British_people,_2021_UK_Census.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Mixed_British_people%2C_2021_UK_Census.png/220px-Mixed_British_people%2C_2021_UK_Census.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Mixed_British_people%2C_2021_UK_Census.png/330px-Mixed_British_people%2C_2021_UK_Census.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Mixed_British_people%2C_2021_UK_Census.png/440px-Mixed_British_people%2C_2021_UK_Census.png 2x" data-file-width="1231" data-file-height="1545" /></a><figcaption>Distribution of Mixed British people by local authority, 2021 census</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mixed_population_pyramid_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mixed_population_pyramid_2021.svg/201px-Mixed_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="201" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mixed_population_pyramid_2021.svg/302px-Mixed_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mixed_population_pyramid_2021.svg/402px-Mixed_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3189" data-file-height="2586" /></a><figcaption>Mixed/British Mixed as a total population pyramid in 2021 (in England and Wales)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/2021_United_Kingdom_census" title="2021 United Kingdom census">2021 United Kingdom census</a> recorded a population of 1,793,257 or 2.7% of the population in the United Kingdom. When broken down by country, England recorded 1,669,378 (3.0%), Wales recorded 48,598 (1.6%)<sup id="cite_ref-2021census_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021census-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Northern Ireland recorded 14,382 (0.8%).<sup id="cite_ref-NICensus2021_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NICensus2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The equivalent census was recorded a year later in Scotland with a population of 60,899, or 1.1% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-2022census_Scot_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2022census_Scot-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ten local authorities with the largest proportion of those who identified as Mixed were all located in London: <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Lambeth" title="London Borough of Lambeth">Lambeth</a> (8.07%), <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Lewisham" title="London Borough of Lewisham">Lewisham</a> (8.07%), <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Croydon" title="London Borough of Croydon">Croydon</a> (7.61%), <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Islington" title="London Borough of Islington">Islington</a> (7.49%), <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Southwark" title="London Borough of Southwark">Southwark</a> (7.20%), <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Haringey" title="London Borough of Haringey">Haringey</a> (7.02%), <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Hackney" title="London Borough of Hackney">Hackney</a> (6.75%), <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Hammersmith_and_Fulham" title="London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham">Hammersmith and Fulham</a> (6.73%), <a href="/wiki/Royal_Borough_of_Kensington_and_Chelsea" title="Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea">Kensington and Chelsea</a> (6.64%) and <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden" title="London Borough of Camden">Camden</a> (6.63%). The three capitals of the other constituent countries of the United Kingdom held the highest proportion of the Mixed population in their respective countries with <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a> at 4.00%, <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> at 2.50%, and <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a> at 1.20%.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:DarkRed; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 155.40779058166px; border-left-color:Chartreuse"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Chartreuse"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Chartreuse"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 90.420359373902px; border-left-color:Gold"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Gold"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Gold"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 69.812873103712px; border-left-color:#B15928"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#B15928"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#B15928"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 61.713047639714px; border-left-color:DarkKhaki"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DarkKhaki"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DarkKhaki"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 55.796527497726px; border-left-color:DarkOrange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DarkOrange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DarkOrange"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 49.379652823647px; border-left-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Green"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 46.291232890772px; border-left-color:Gray"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Gray"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Gray"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 45.530476047905px; border-left-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Year of arrival (2021 census, England and Wales)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DodgerBlue; color:black;"> </span> Born in the UK (81.8%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gray; color:black;"> </span> Before 1950 (0.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Green; color:white;"> </span> 1951 to 1960 (0.4%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DarkOrange; color:black;"> </span> 1961 to 1970 (0.8%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DarkKhaki; color:black;"> </span> 1971 to 1980 (0.7%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B15928; color:;"> </span> 1981 to 1990 (0.9%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;"> </span> 1991 to 2000 (2.0%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Chartreuse; color:black;"> </span> 2001 to 2010 (4.2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DarkRed; color:white;"> </span> 2011 to 2021 (9.2%)</div> </div> </div></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%;"> <caption>Top 15 Areas (2021/22 Census)<sup id="cite_ref-LA_Counties_E&W_21_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LA_Counties_E&W_21-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2022council_Scot_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2022council_Scot-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Upper tier local authority</th> <th>Population</th> <th>Percentage </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a></td> <td>55,205</td> <td>4.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></td> <td>45,126</td> <td>3.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a></td> <td>40,483</td> <td>3.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a></td> <td>36,774</td> <td>2.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kent" title="Kent">Kent</a></td> <td>36,766</td> <td>2.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Croydon" title="London Borough of Croydon">Croydon, London</a></td> <td>29,745</td> <td>7.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a></td> <td>29,026</td> <td>5.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Leeds" title="Leeds">Leeds</a></td> <td>27,388</td> <td>3.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a></td> <td>26,198</td> <td>1.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Lambeth" title="London Borough of Lambeth">Lambeth, London</a></td> <td>25,630</td> <td>8.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Lewisham" title="London Borough of Lewisham">Lewisham, London</a></td> <td>24,253</td> <td>8.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a></td> <td>22,611</td> <td>3.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Southwark" title="London Borough of Southwark">Southwark, London</a></td> <td>22,151</td> <td>7.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a></td> <td>21,116</td> <td>4.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Barnet" title="London Borough of Barnet">Barnet, London</a></td> <td>20,889</td> <td>5.4% </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subgroups">Subgroups</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mixed_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Subgroups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In England and Wales, the 2001 census included four sub-categories of mixed ethnic combinations: "<a href="/wiki/Mixed_White_and_Black_Caribbean_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)" title="Mixed White and Black Caribbean (United Kingdom ethnicity category)">Mixed White and Black Caribbean</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Mixed_White_and_Black_African" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixed White and Black African">Mixed White and Black African</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Mixed_White_and_Asian_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)" title="Mixed White and Asian (United Kingdom ethnicity category)">Mixed White and Asian</a>" and "Any other Mixed background", with the latter allowing people to write in their ethnicity. Analysis of census results shows that, in England and Wales only, 237,000 people stated their ethnicity as Mixed White and Black Caribbean, 189,000 as Mixed White and Asian, 156,000 as Other Mixed, and 79,000 Mixed White and Black African.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The estimates for mid-2009 for England only suggest that there are 301,300 people in the Mixed White and Black Caribbean category, 127,500 Mixed White and Black African, 292,400 Mixed White and Asian, and 235,500 Other Mixed.<sup id="cite_ref-Estimates_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Estimates-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The White and Black African group grew fastest in percentage terms from 2001 to 2009, followed by White and Asian, Other Mixed and then White and Black Caribbean.<sup id="cite_ref-Estimates_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Estimates-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2011 Census for England and Wales suggested that compared with 2001, the proportion of the population describing themselves as "Mixed White and Black Caribbean" rose from 0.5% to 0.8%, "Mixed White and Asian" from 0.4% to 0.6%, "Mixed White and Black African" from 0.2% to 0.3% and "Other Mixed" 0.3% to 0.5%.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> The census forms in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> did not include sub-groups, but rather single categories: "Any Mixed Background" in Scotland and simply "Mixed" in Northern Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-Harmonised_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harmonised-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Population pyramids of each sub-category of the broader Mixed group in 2021</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 150px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 148px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mixed_White_and_Black_Caribbean_population_pyramid_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mixed White and Black Caribbean"><img alt="Mixed White and Black Caribbean" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Mixed_White_and_Black_Caribbean_population_pyramid_2021.svg/222px-Mixed_White_and_Black_Caribbean_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="148" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Mixed_White_and_Black_Caribbean_population_pyramid_2021.svg/333px-Mixed_White_and_Black_Caribbean_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Mixed_White_and_Black_Caribbean_population_pyramid_2021.svg/444px-Mixed_White_and_Black_Caribbean_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3189" data-file-height="2586" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mixed White and Black Caribbean</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 150px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 148px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mixed_White_and_Black_African_population_pyramid_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mixed White and Black African"><img alt="Mixed White and Black African" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Mixed_White_and_Black_African_population_pyramid_2021.svg/222px-Mixed_White_and_Black_African_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="148" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Mixed_White_and_Black_African_population_pyramid_2021.svg/333px-Mixed_White_and_Black_African_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Mixed_White_and_Black_African_population_pyramid_2021.svg/444px-Mixed_White_and_Black_African_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3189" data-file-height="2586" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mixed White and Black African</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 150px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 148px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mixed_White_and_Asian_population_pyramid_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mixed White and Asian"><img alt="Mixed White and Asian" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Mixed_White_and_Asian_population_pyramid_2021.svg/222px-Mixed_White_and_Asian_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="148" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Mixed_White_and_Asian_population_pyramid_2021.svg/333px-Mixed_White_and_Asian_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Mixed_White_and_Asian_population_pyramid_2021.svg/444px-Mixed_White_and_Asian_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3189" data-file-height="2586" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mixed White and Asian</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 150px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 148px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mixed_Other_population_pyramid_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mixed Other"><img alt="Mixed Other" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mixed_Other_population_pyramid_2021.svg/222px-Mixed_Other_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="148" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mixed_Other_population_pyramid_2021.svg/333px-Mixed_Other_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mixed_Other_population_pyramid_2021.svg/444px-Mixed_Other_population_pyramid_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3189" data-file-height="2586" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mixed Other</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Detailed_breakdown">Detailed breakdown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mixed_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Detailed breakdown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Ethnic group within the Mixed group (in England and Wales) </th> <th colspan="3">2021<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Population </th> <th>% of total pop </th> <th>% of group makeup </th></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: White and Black Caribbean </td> <td>513,042 </td> <td>0.9 </td> <td>29.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: White and Asian (unspecified) </td> <td>488,225 </td> <td>0.8 </td> <td>28.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: White and Black African </td> <td>249,596 </td> <td>0.4 </td> <td>14.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Other Mixed </td> <td>107,957 </td> <td>0.2 </td> <td>6.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Any other ethnic group </td> <td>54,986 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td>3.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Hispanic or Latin American </td> <td>28,064 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>1.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: European Mixed, European unspecified, other European </td> <td>26,572 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>1.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Black and White (unspecified) </td> <td>18,164 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>1.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: White and Arab </td> <td>16,359 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>1.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Black and Asian </td> <td>14,355 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: White and North African or Middle Eastern </td> <td>12,904 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: English/Welsh/Scottish/Northern Irish/British </td> <td>11,880 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Other White, White unspecified </td> <td>11,092 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Arab </td> <td>7,777 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Chinese and White </td> <td>7,642 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Caribbean </td> <td>7,579 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Caribbean Asian </td> <td>7,516 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Brazilian </td> <td>6,569 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Mixed White </td> <td>6,389 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: South American </td> <td>5,989 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Mauritian/Seychellois/Maldivian/Sao Tomean/St Helenian </td> <td>5,741 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Iranian </td> <td>5,364 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Turkish </td> <td>5,149 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Mixed Black </td> <td>4,995 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Polynesian/Micronesian/Melanesian </td> <td>4,900 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Mixed Irish </td> <td>4,432 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: African Asian </td> <td>4,071 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: African unspecified </td> <td>3,925 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: White and South Asian </td> <td>3,886 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: English </td> <td>3,803 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Other Middle East </td> <td>3,647 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Indian or British Indian </td> <td>3,515 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: European and Black African </td> <td>3,450 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: White and East Asian </td> <td>3,111 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: White Caribbean </td> <td>3,077 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: European and North African or Middle Eastern </td> <td>3,003 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: South Asian and European </td> <td>2,965 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Chinese </td> <td>2,871 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Other Asian, Asian unspecified </td> <td>2,849 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Asian (unspecified) and European </td> <td>2,805 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Mexican </td> <td>2,655 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Jewish </td> <td>2,595 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Portuguese </td> <td>2,508 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Anglo Indian </td> <td>2,473 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: European and Black Caribbean </td> <td>2,266 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Italian </td> <td>2,248 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Black and European </td> <td>2,185 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Black British </td> <td>2,050 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: White African </td> <td>2,017 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Mixed South Asian </td> <td>1,999 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Turkish Cypriot </td> <td>1,985 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Greek Cypriot </td> <td>1,968 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: African/Arab </td> <td>1,924 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Chinese and other Asian </td> <td>1,907 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Moroccan </td> <td>1,879 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Spanish </td> <td>1,793 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: Pakistani or British Pakistani </td> <td>1,691 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups: South African </td> <td>1,620 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mixed_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multiracial" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiracial">Multiracial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Multiracial Americans</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mixed_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2021census-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2021census_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2021census_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2021census_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/culturalidentity/ethnicity/bulletins/ethnicgroupenglandandwales/census2021">"Ethnic group, England and Wales: Census 2021"</a>. Office for National Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethnic+group%2C+England+and+Wales%3A+Census+2021&rft.pub=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Fpeoplepopulationandcommunity%2Fculturalidentity%2Fethnicity%2Fbulletins%2Fethnicgroupenglandandwales%2Fcensus2021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2022census_Scot-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2022census_Scot_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2022census_Scot_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2022census_Scot_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2022census_Scot_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/media/trbdxzme/scotland-s-census-2022-ethnic-group-national-identity-language-and-religion-chart-data.xlsx">"Scotland's Census 2022 - Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion - Chart data"</a>. <i>Scotland's Census</i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Records_of_Scotland" title="National Records of Scotland">National Records of Scotland</a>. 21 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scotland%27s+Census&rft.atitle=Scotland%27s+Census+2022+-+Ethnic+group%2C+national+identity%2C+language+and+religion+-+Chart+data&rft.date=2024-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fmedia%2Ftrbdxzme%2Fscotland-s-census-2022-ethnic-group-national-identity-language-and-religion-chart-data.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/search-by">Alternative URL</a> 'Search data by location' > 'All of Scotland' > 'Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion' > 'Ethnic Group'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NICensus2021-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NICensus2021_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NICensus2021_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NICensus2021_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NICensus2021_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nisra.gov.uk/system/files/statistics/census-2021-ms-b01.xlsx">"MS-B01: Ethnic group"</a>. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. 22 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MS-B01%3A+Ethnic+group&rft.pub=Northern+Ireland+Statistics+and+Research+Agency&rft.date=2022-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nisra.gov.uk%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fstatistics%2Fcensus-2021-ms-b01.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReligionNI2021-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReligionNI2021_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_Kingdom_census2021" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/2021_United_Kingdom_census" title="2021 United Kingdom census">United Kingdom census</a> (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://build.nisra.gov.uk/en/custom/data?d=PEOPLE&v=ETHNIC_GROUP_INTERMEDIATE&v=RELIGION_BELONG_TO_AGG19">"DT-0036 - Ethnic group by religion"</a>. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DT-0036+-+Ethnic+group+by+religion&rft.pub=Northern+Ireland+Statistics+and+Research+Agency&rft.date=2021&rft.au=United+Kingdom+census&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbuild.nisra.gov.uk%2Fen%2Fcustom%2Fdata%3Fd%3DPEOPLE%26v%3DETHNIC_GROUP_INTERMEDIATE%26v%3DRELIGION_BELONG_TO_AGG19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Religion_E&W21-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Religion_E&W21_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/RM031/editions/2021/versions/1/filter-outputs/217f1401-dab4-43d3-aa77-6c9382220c0c#summary">"RM031 Ethnic group by religion"</a>. Office for National Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RM031+Ethnic+group+by+religion&rft.pub=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Fdatasets%2FRM031%2Feditions%2F2021%2Fversions%2F1%2Ffilter-outputs%2F217f1401-dab4-43d3-aa77-6c9382220c0c%23summary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/culturalidentity/ethnicity/bulletins/ethnicgroupenglandandwales/census2021">"Office for National Statistics (ONS), released 29 November 2022, ONS website, statistical bulletin, Ethnic group, England and Wales: Census 2021"</a>. <i>Office for National Statistics</i>. 29 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.atitle=Office+for+National+Statistics+%28ONS%29%2C+released+29+November+2022%2C+ONS+website%2C+statistical+bulletin%2C+Ethnic+group%2C+England+and+Wales%3A+Census+2021&rft.date=2022-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Fpeoplepopulationandcommunity%2Fculturalidentity%2Fethnicity%2Fbulletins%2Fethnicgroupenglandandwales%2Fcensus2021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBallard1996" class="citation journal cs1">Ballard, Roger (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crossasia-repository.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/288/1/negotiating.pdf">"Negotiating race and ethnicity: Exploring the implications of the 1991 census"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Patterns of Prejudice</i>. <b>30</b> (3): 3–33. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F0031322X.1996.9970192">10.1080/0031322X.1996.9970192</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Patterns+of+Prejudice&rft.atitle=Negotiating+race+and+ethnicity%3A+Exploring+the+implications+of+the+1991+census&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=3-33&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F0031322X.1996.9970192&rft.aulast=Ballard&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcrossasia-repository.ub.uni-heidelberg.de%2F288%2F1%2Fnegotiating.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kertzer-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kertzer_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKertzerArel2002" class="citation book cs1">Kertzer, David I.; Arel, Dominique (2002). 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Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/censusidentitypo00kert/page/n14">1</a>–42.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Censuses%2C+identity+formation%2C+and+the+struggle+for+political+power&rft.btitle=Census+and+Identity%3A+The+Politics+of+Race%2C+Ethnicity%2C+and+Language+in+National+Censuses&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=1-42&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Kertzer&rft.aufirst=David+I.&rft.au=Arel%2C+Dominique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcensusidentitypo00kert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aspinall-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Aspinall_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAspinall2012" class="citation journal cs1">Aspinall, Peter J (2012). "Answer Formats in British Census and Survey Ethnicity Questions: Does Open Response Better Capture 'Superdiversity'?". <i>Sociology</i>. <b>46</b> (2): 354–364. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0038038511419195">10.1177/0038038511419195</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144841712">144841712</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sociology&rft.atitle=Answer+Formats+in+British+Census+and+Survey+Ethnicity+Questions%3A+Does+Open+Response+Better+Capture+%27Superdiversity%27%3F&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=354-364&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0038038511419195&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144841712%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Aspinall&rft.aufirst=Peter+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2001_census-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2001_census_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/nugget.asp?ID=273">"Population size: 7.9% from a minority ethnic group"</a>. Office for National Statistics. 13 February 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Population+size%3A+7.9%25+from+a+minority+ethnic+group&rft.date=2003-02-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gov.uk%2FCCI%2Fnugget.asp%3FID%3D273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UK_Government_Ethnicity_Figures-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UK_Government_Ethnicity_Figures_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk/uk-population-by-ethnicity/national-and-regional-populations/population-of-england-and-wales/latest#by-ethnicity-over-time">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Ethnicity Facts and Figures UK Government"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 22 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Ethnicity+Facts+and+Figures+UK+Government%22&rft.date=2022-12-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk%2Fuk-population-by-ethnicity%2Fnational-and-regional-populations%2Fpopulation-of-england-and-wales%2Flatest%23by-ethnicity-over-time&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Estimates-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Estimates_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Estimates_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Estimates_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?adminCompAndTimeId=25403%3A280&a=7&b=276743&c=london&d=13&r=1&e=13&f=24438&o=254&g=325264&i=1001x1003x1004x1005&l=1809&m=0&s=1254850916322&enc=1">"Resident Population Estimates by Ethnic Group, All Persons June 2009"</a>. Office for National Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Resident+Population+Estimates+by+Ethnic+Group%2C+All+Persons+June+2009&rft.pub=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk%2Fdissemination%2FLeadTableView.do%3FadminCompAndTimeId%3D25403%253A280%26a%3D7%26b%3D276743%26c%3Dlondon%26d%3D13%26r%3D1%26e%3D13%26f%3D24438%26o%3D254%26g%3D325264%26i%3D1001x1003x1004x1005%26l%3D1809%26m%3D0%26s%3D1254850916322%26enc%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRogers2011" class="citation news cs1">Rogers, Simon (19 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2011/may/18/non-white-british-population-ons">"Non-white British population reaches 9.1 million"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Non-white+British+population+reaches+9.1+million&rft.date=2011-05-19&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsociety%2F2011%2Fmay%2F18%2Fnon-white-british-population-ons&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2007" class="citation news cs1">Smith, Laura (23 January 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2007/jan/23/post975">"Mixed messages"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Mixed+messages&rft.date=2007-01-23&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fcommentisfree%2F2007%2Fjan%2F23%2Fpost975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-15205803">"Mixed race UK population double official figure, says new report"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 6 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Mixed+race+UK+population+double+official+figure%2C+says+new+report&rft.date=2011-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-15205803&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/10/03/britains-mixed-race-population-blurs-the-lines-of-identity-politics">"Britain's mixed-race population blurs the lines of identity politics"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. 3 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Britain%27s+mixed-race+population+blurs+the+lines+of+identity+politics&rft.date=2020-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fbritain%2F2020%2F10%2F03%2Fbritains-mixed-race-population-blurs-the-lines-of-identity-politics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Births-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Births_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoserStanfield,_Kristina_M.Leon,_David_A.2008" class="citation journal cs1">Moser, Kath; Stanfield, Kristina M.; Leon, David A. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090215235418/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/articles/hsq/HSQ39Birthwt%26Gest_ethnicity.pdf">"Birthweight and gestational age by ethnic group, England and Wales 2005: Introducing new data on births"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Health Statistics Quarterly</i>. <b>39</b> (39): 22–31. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18810886">18810886</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statistics.gov.uk/articles/hsq/HSQ39Birthwt&Gest_ethnicity.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 15 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Statistics+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Birthweight+and+gestational+age+by+ethnic+group%2C+England+and+Wales+2005%3A+Introducing+new+data+on+births&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=39&rft.pages=22-31&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18810886&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=Kath&rft.au=Stanfield%2C+Kristina+M.&rft.au=Leon%2C+David+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gov.uk%2Farticles%2Fhsq%2FHSQ39Birthwt%26Gest_ethnicity.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021regionethnic-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2021regionethnic_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS021/editions/2021/versions/1/filter-outputs/87c867f1-15bc-4f2a-a1ec-51f5a0c2d410">"Ethnic group - England and Wales regions"</a>. Office for National Statistics. 29 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethnic+group+-+England+and+Wales+regions&rft.pub=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.date=2022-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Fdatasets%2FTS021%2Feditions%2F2021%2Fversions%2F1%2Ffilter-outputs%2F87c867f1-15bc-4f2a-a1ec-51f5a0c2d410&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">2021/22: England and Wales,<sup id="cite_ref-2021regionethnic_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021regionethnic-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scotland,<sup id="cite_ref-2022census_Scot_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2022census_Scot-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Northern Ireland<sup id="cite_ref-NICensus2021_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NICensus2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-QS201EW-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-QS201EW_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/qs201ew">"QS201EW: Ethnic Group"</a>. Nomis: Official Census and Labour Market Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=QS201EW%3A+Ethnic+Group&rft.pub=Nomis%3A+Official+Census+and+Labour+Market+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nomisweb.co.uk%2Fcensus%2F2011%2Fqs201ew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2011census_Scot-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2011census_Scot_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_Kingdom_census2011" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/2011_United_Kingdom_census" title="2011 United Kingdom census">United Kingdom census</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180704124858/https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/documents/censusresults/release2a/scotland/KS201SC.pdf">"Table KS201SC - Ethnic group"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. National Records of Scotland. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/documents/censusresults/release2a/scotland/KS201SC.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table+KS201SC+-+Ethnic+group&rft.pub=National+Records+of+Scotland&rft.date=2011&rft.au=United+Kingdom+census&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fdocuments%2Fcensusresults%2Frelease2a%2Fscotland%2FKS201SC.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NI_2011-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NI_2011_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141023054518/https://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/Download/Census%202011_Excel/2011/QS201NI.xls">"Ethnic Group - Full Detail: QS201NI"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/Download/Census%202011_Excel/2011/QS201NI.xls">the original</a> on 23 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Group+-+Full+Detail%3A+QS201NI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk%2FDownload%2FCensus%25202011_Excel%2F2011%2FQS201NI.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">2011: England and Wales,<sup id="cite_ref-QS201EW_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QS201EW-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scotland,<sup id="cite_ref-2011census_Scot_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011census_Scot-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Northern Ireland<sup id="cite_ref-NI_2011_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NI_2011-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KS006-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KS006_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2001/ks006">"KS006: Ethnic group"</a>. Nomis: Official Census and Labour Market Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2003</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=KS006%3A+Ethnic+group&rft.pub=Nomis%3A+Official+Census+and+Labour+Market+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nomisweb.co.uk%2Fcensus%2F2001%2Fks006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2001census_Scot-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2001census_Scot_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2004/02/18876/32939">"Analysis of Ethnicity in the 2001 Census - Summary Report"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Analysis+of+Ethnicity+in+the+2001+Census+-+Summary+Report&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotland.gov.uk%2FPublications%2F2004%2F02%2F18876%2F32939&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NI_2001-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NI_2001_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140730020427/http://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/Download/Census%202001_Excel/2001/KS06%20%20(st).xls">"Ethnic Group: KS06 (statistical geographies)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/Download/Census%202001_Excel/2001/KS06%20%20(st).xls">the original</a> on 30 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Group%3A+KS06+%28statistical+geographies%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk%2FDownload%2FCensus%25202001_Excel%2F2001%2FKS06%2520%2520%28st%29.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">2001: England and Wales,<sup id="cite_ref-KS006_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KS006-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scotland,<sup id="cite_ref-2001census_Scot_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2001census_Scot-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Northern Ireland<sup id="cite_ref-NI_2001_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NI_2001-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS021/editions/2021/versions/1/filter-outputs/24422250-263c-4b84-8dd4-6159ee18b8e6#get-data">"Ethnic group - Office for National Statistics"</a>. <i>www.ons.gov.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ons.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Ethnic+group+-+Office+for+National+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Fdatasets%2FTS021%2Feditions%2F2021%2Fversions%2F1%2Ffilter-outputs%2F24422250-263c-4b84-8dd4-6159ee18b8e6%23get-data&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/create/filter-outputs/3b1e01ff-adfa-4048-ad0a-9a305cde51d6">"Ethnic group and year of arrival in the uk - Office for National Statistics"</a>. <i>www.ons.gov.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ons.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Ethnic+group+and+year+of+arrival+in+the+uk+-+Office+for+National+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Fdatasets%2Fcreate%2Ffilter-outputs%2F3b1e01ff-adfa-4048-ad0a-9a305cde51d6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LA_Counties_E&W_21-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LA_Counties_E&W_21_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/datasets/c2021ts021">"TS021 - Ethnic group"</a>. Nomis: Official Census and Labour Market Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TS021+-+Ethnic+group&rft.pub=Nomis%3A+Official+Census+and+Labour+Market+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nomisweb.co.uk%2Fdatasets%2Fc2021ts021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2022council_Scot-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2022council_Scot_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/media/trbdxzme/scotland-s-census-2022-ethnic-group-national-identity-language-and-religion-chart-data.xlsx">"Scotland's Census 2022 - Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion - Chart data"</a>. <i>Scotland's Census</i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Records_of_Scotland" title="National Records of Scotland">National Records of Scotland</a>. 21 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scotland%27s+Census&rft.atitle=Scotland%27s+Census+2022+-+Ethnic+group%2C+national+identity%2C+language+and+religion+-+Chart+data&rft.date=2024-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fmedia%2Ftrbdxzme%2Fscotland-s-census-2022-ethnic-group-national-identity-language-and-religion-chart-data.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/search-by">Alternative URL</a> 'Search data by location' > 'Local Authority (CA2019)' > 'Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion' > 'Ethnic Group'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBradford2006" class="citation web cs1">Bradford, Ben (May 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/ethnicity/focus-on-ethnicity-and-identity/who-are-the--mixed--ethnic-group-/who-are-the--mixed--ethnic-group--article.pdf">"Who are the 'Mixed' ethnic group?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Office for National Statistics. pp. 4, 8. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statistics.gov.uk/articles/nojournal/Mixed_ethnic_groups_pdf.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 5 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who+are+the+%27Mixed%27+ethnic+group%3F&rft.pages=4%2C+8&rft.pub=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.date=2006-05&rft.aulast=Bradford&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gov.uk%2Farticles%2Fnojournal%2FMixed_ethnic_groups_pdf.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171776_290558.pdf">Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales 2011</a>, Office for National Statistics, 11 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harmonised-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harmonised_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100107095528/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/about/data/harmonisation/downloads/P3.pdf">"Harmonised Concepts and Questions for Social Data Sources: Primary Standards – Ethnic Group"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Office for National Statistics. April 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statistics.gov.uk/about/data/harmonisation/downloads/P3.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 7 January 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Harmonised+Concepts+and+Questions+for+Social+Data+Sources%3A+Primary+Standards+%E2%80%93+Ethnic+Group&rft.pub=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.date=2008-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gov.uk%2Fabout%2Fdata%2Fharmonisation%2Fdownloads%2FP3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS022/editions/2021/versions/1">"Ethnic group (detailed) - Office for National Statistics"</a>. <i>www.ons.gov.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ons.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Ethnic+group+%28detailed%29+-+Office+for+National+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Fdatasets%2FTS022%2Feditions%2F2021%2Fversions%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMixed+%28United+Kingdom+ethnicity+category%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Including <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Buddhism in the United Kingdom">Buddhism</a> (0.6%), <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Hinduism in the United Kingdom">Hinduism</a> (0.6%), <a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Sikhism in the United Kingdom">Sikhism</a> (0.4%) and <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of the Jews in the United Kingdom">Judaism</a> (0.4%)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census2021/22-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Census2021/22_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scotland held its census a year later after the rest of the United Kingdom due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, data shown is for 2022 as opposed to 2021.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/White_people_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="White people in the United Kingdom">White</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_British" title="White British">White British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_people" title="Scottish people">White Scottish</a> (Scotland only)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Irish" title="White Irish">White Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Gypsy_or_Irish_Traveller" class="mw-redirect" title="White Gypsy or Irish Traveller">White Gypsy or Irish Traveller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Romani people in the United Kingdom">White Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Polish" title="White Polish">White Polish</a> (Scotland only)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Showman#United_Kingdom" title="Showman">White Showman or Showwoman</a> (Scotland only)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Other_White" title="Other White">Any other white background</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mixed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>White and Black Caribbean</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_White_and_Black_African_people_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Mixed White and Black African people in the United Kingdom">White and Black African</a></li> <li>White and Asian</li> <li>Any other Mixed or multiple ethnic background</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/British_Asians" title="British Asians">Asian or Asian British</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Indians" title="British Indians">Indian</a></li> <li><a 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