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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Vokal" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Vokal" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Vokal" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Vokal" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suara" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suara"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Suara</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suara-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vokal</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 131 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-131" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">131 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klinker" title="Klinker – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Klinker" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Vokal" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal" title="Vocal – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Vocal" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AA" title="صائت – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صائت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal" title="Vocal – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Vocal" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Рагьараб – Avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Рагьараб" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sait" title="Sait – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sait" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Vokal" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patanog" title="Patanog – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Patanog" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Галосныя – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Галосныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Галосныя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Галосныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Гласен звук – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гласен звук" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0" title="स्वर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="स्वर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="স্বরধ্বনি – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্বরধ্বনি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82" title="དབྱངས་ཡིག – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="དབྱངས་ཡིག" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogalenn" title="Vogalenn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Vogalenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoglasnik" title="Samoglasnik – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Samoglasnik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal" title="Vocal – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vocal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B2%D9%88%DB%8E%D9%86" title="بزوێن – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بزوێن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samohl%C3%A1ska" title="Samohláska – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Samohláska" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%C3%A7%C4%83_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%81%C4%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Уçă сасăсем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Уçă сасăсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llafariad" title="Llafariad – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Llafariad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal_(sprog)" title="Vokal (sprog) – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vokal (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vokal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AE%CE%B5%CE%BD" title="Φωνήεν – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φωνήεν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vowel" title="Vowel – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vowel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokalo" title="Vokalo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vokalo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal" title="Vocal – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vocal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4ish%C3%A4%C3%A4lik" title="Täishäälik – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Täishäälik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokal" title="Bokal – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bokal" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal" title="Vocal – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Vocal" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%87" title="واکه – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="واکه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokaali" title="Vokaali – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vokaali" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vabahel%C3%BC" title="Vabahelü – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Vabahelü" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyelle" title="Voyelle – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Voyelle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voy%C3%A8la" title="Voyèla – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Voyèla" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wokaal" title="Wokaal – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wokaal" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fokaal" title="Fokaal – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Fokaal" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuaimreag" title="Fuaimreag – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Fuaimreag" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogal" title="Vogal – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vogal" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%94_(%D7%94%D7%92%D7%94)" title="תנועה (הגה) – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תנועה (הגה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3" title="स्वर वर्ण – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्वर वर्ण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoglasnik" title="Samoglasnik – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Samoglasnik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vway%C3%A8l" title="Vwayèl – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Vwayèl" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mag%C3%A1nhangz%C3%B3" title="Magánhangzó – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Magánhangzó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%81%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ձայնավորներ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ձայնավորներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tai%C3%B1%C4%A1uraq" title="Taiñġuraq – Inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Taiñġuraq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokalo" title="Vokalo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Vokalo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9rhlj%C3%B3%C3%B0" title="Sérhljóð – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sérhljóð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocale" title="Vocale – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vocale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%8D%E9%9F%B3" title="母音 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="母音" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Vokal" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ხმოვანი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხმოვანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1tsa%CC%B1ntsai" title="A̱tsa̱ntsai – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱tsa̱ntsai" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisimba" title="Kisimba – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kisimba" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Дауыстылар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дауыстылар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%9D%8C" title="모음 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="모음" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengd%C3%AAr" title="Dengdêr – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dengdêr" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogalen" title="Bogalen – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bogalen" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%AF%D2%AF_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Үндүү тыбыштар – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Үндүү тыбыштар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocalis" title="Vocalis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vocalis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Vokal" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal" title="Vocal – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Vocal" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enjatuza" title="Enjatuza – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Enjatuza" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleenker" title="Kleenker – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kleenker" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocale" title="Vocale – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Vocale" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vucal" title="Vucal – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Vucal" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moleli" title="Moleli – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Moleli" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balsis" title="Balsis – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Balsis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patskanis" title="Patskanis – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Patskanis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3" title="स्वर वर्ण – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="स्वर वर्ण" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanatsoratra" title="Zanatsoratra – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Zanatsoratra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Самогласка – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Самогласка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="സ്വരാക്ഷരങ്ങൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്വരാക്ഷരങ്ങൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B3%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Эгшиг – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Эгшиг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0" title="स्वर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="स्वर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Vokal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%9B" title="သရ – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သရ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3" title="स्वरवर्ण – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="स्वरवर्ण" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klinker_(klank)" title="Klinker (klank) – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Klinker (klank)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vokal" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vokal" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%AC%DF%9E%DF%8E%DF%AC%DF%A1%DF%8A%DF%AC%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%B2" title="ߟߊ߬ߞߎ߬ߡߊ߬ߟߊ߲ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߟߊ߬ߞߎ߬ߡߊ߬ߟߊ߲" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocala" title="Vocala – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Vocala" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0" title="ਸਵਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਵਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakatni" title="Kakatni – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Kakatni" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samog%C5%82oska" title="Samogłoska – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Samogłoska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%90%D9%84%D9%91%D8%AA" title="عِلّت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عِلّت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%DA%96%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="غږيز توري – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="غږيز توري" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogal" title="Vogal – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vogal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanllalli" title="Hanllalli – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hanllalli" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal%C4%83" title="Vocală – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vocală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocalu" title="Vocalu – Aromania" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Vocalu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Гласные – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гласные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9F_%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9D" title="ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocali" title="Vocali – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vocali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8F%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="سُر آواز – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سُر آواز" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vok%C3%A1la" title="Vokála – Sami Utara" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Vokála" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoglasnik" title="Samoglasnik – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Samoglasnik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C9%A3ritn" title="Iɣritn – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Iɣritn" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA" title="ස්වරය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ස්වරය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vowel" title="Vowel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vowel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samohl%C3%A1ska" title="Samohláska – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Samohláska" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%AA" title="حروف علت – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="حروف علت" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoglasnik" title="Samoglasnik – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Samoglasnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nzvovera" title="Nzvovera – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nzvovera" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanorja" title="Zanorja – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Zanorja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Самогласник – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Самогласник" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Vokal" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vokal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokali" title="Vokali – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Vokali" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="உயிரெழுத்து – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உயிரெழுத்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Садонокҳо – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Садонокҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0_(%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C)" title="สระ (สัทศาสตร์) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สระ (สัทศาสตร์)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patinig" title="Patinig – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Patinig" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Cnl%C3%BC_(dilbilim)" title="Ünlü (dilbilim) – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ünlü (dilbilim)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hengak_bubu" title="Hengak bubu – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Hengak bubu" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%87%D9%82_%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8B%DB%87%D8%B4" title="سوزۇق تاۋۇش – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سوزۇق تاۋۇش" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Голосний звук – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Голосний звук" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AA" title="مصوت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مصوت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unli_tovushlar" title="Unli tovushlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Unli tovushlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voca%C5%82e" title="Vocałe – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Vocałe" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_%C3%A2m" title="Nguyên âm – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nguyên âm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyale" title="Voyale – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Voyale" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiringgan" title="Tiringgan – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tiringgan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="元音 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="元音" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C" title="וואקאל – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וואקאל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="元音 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="元音" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="元音 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="元音" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BA-im" title="Bú-im – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bú-im" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="元音 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="元音" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36244#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vokal" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Vokal" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vokal"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vokal"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Vokal" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Vokal" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&oldid=25674968" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Vokal&id=25674968&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVokal"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVokal"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Vokal"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Vokal&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vowels" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36244" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><p><b>Vokal</b> adalah <a href="/wiki/Suara" class="mw-redirect" title="Suara">suara</a> di dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa">bahasa</a> lisan yang dicirikhaskan dengan <a href="/wiki/Pita_suara" title="Pita suara">pita suara</a> yang terbuka sehingga tidak ada tekanan udara yang terkumpul di atas <a href="/wiki/Glotis" title="Glotis">glotis</a>. Vokal kontras dengan <a href="/wiki/Konsonan" title="Konsonan">konsonan</a> yang dicirikhaskan dengan penutupan satu atau lebih titik artikulasi di sepanjang rongga suara. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16253256">.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-captioned{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background:#f8f9fa;padding:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-caption{padding:0.2em;text-align:center;background:#f2f2ce}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-table{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th{font-size:85%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th:not(.IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow)[scope="col"]{text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;max-width:4em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th:not(.IPA-pulmonic-placearrow)[scope="row"]{text-align:left;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable:not(.IPA-common-audiotable) td:not([colspan]){text-align:center;max-width:1.2em;min-width:1.2em;padding:0.1em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-audiotable td{padding:0}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-noleftborder{border-left:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-norightborder{border-right:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notopborder{border-top:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-nobottomborder{border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-shaded{background-color:#ddd}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes{text-align:left;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div{float:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div ul{white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div ul li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .wraplinks .selflink{white-space:normal}</style> </p> <table role="presentation" class="IPA-common-captioned" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th class="IPA-common-caption" style=""><div style="opacity:30%;height:20px;position:absolute;width:16em;text-align:left"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ˈvɔ.kal/</span></div><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vokal</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r19116995">.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio{background:#f8f9fa url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg/320px-Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg.png")bottom 10%right 10%no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio{background:#f8f9fa url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg/600px-Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg.png")bottom 10%right 10%no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main{table-layout:fixed;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-nocaption{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th{vertical-align:middle;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th[scope="col"]{text-align:center;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th[scope="row"]{text-align:right;padding-left:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio td{width:106.67px;min-width:106.67px;height:32px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio td{width:200px;min-width:200px;height:60px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-minorcaption{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container{display:flex;justify-content:center;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-dot{text-align:center;width:1em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-left{max-width:1em;min-width:1em;direction:rtl;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-left>span{padding-left:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-right{max-width:1em;min-width:1em;direction:ltr;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-right>span{padding-right:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-single{padding-left:0.2em;padding-right:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}</style> <table class="nowrap IPA-vowels-main IPA-vowels-noaudio" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_depan" title="Vokal depan">Depan</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_madya" title="Vokal madya">Madya</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_belakang" title="Vokal belakang">Belakang</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_tertutup" title="Vokal tertutup"> Tertutup</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal takbulat tertutup depan">i</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal bulat tertutup depan">y</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_tertutup_madya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat tertutup madya (halaman belum tersedia)">ɨ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_bulat_tertutup_madya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal bulat tertutup madya (halaman belum tersedia)">ʉ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat tertutup belakang">ɯ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal bulat tertutup belakang">u</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_hampir_tertutup&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal hampir tertutup (halaman belum tersedia)">Hmpr. tutup</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_hampir_tertutup_hampir_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat hampir tertutup hampir depan (halaman belum tersedia)">ɪ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_bulat_hampir_tertutup_hampir_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal bulat hampir tertutup hampir depan (halaman belum tersedia)">ʏ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(2px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(2px, 6px); transform: translate(2px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Near-close_central_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Near-close central unrounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">ɪ̈</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(2px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(2px, 6px); transform: translate(2px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(2px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(2px, 6px); transform: translate(2px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Near-close_central_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Near-close central rounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">ʊ̈</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Relative_articulation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Relative articulation (halaman belum tersedia)">ɯ̽</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_hampir_tertutup_hampir_belakang" title="Vokal bulat hampir tertutup hampir belakang">ʊ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_setengah_tertutup" title="Vokal setengah tertutup">1/2 tutup</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup depan">e</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal bulat setengah tertutup depan">ø</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_madya" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup madya">ɘ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_tertutup_madya" title="Vokal bulat setengah tertutup madya">ɵ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup belakang">ɤ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal bulat setengah tertutup belakang">o</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_tengah" title="Vokal tengah">Tengah</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_tengah_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat tengah depan (halaman belum tersedia)">e̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_bulat_tengah_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal bulat tengah depan (halaman belum tersedia)">ø̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(25px, 2px); transform: translate(25px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_tengah_madya" title="Vokal tengah madya">ə</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(25px, 2px); transform: translate(25px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(25px, 2px); transform: translate(25px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_Mid_central_rounded_vowel" class="mw-redirect" title="Vokal Mid central rounded vowel">ɵ̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Mid_back_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Mid back unrounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">ɤ̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Mid_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Mid back rounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">o̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_setengah_terbuka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal setengah terbuka (halaman belum tersedia)">1/2 buka</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka depan">ɛ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal bulat setengah terbuka depan">œ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_setengah_terbuka_madya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka madya (halaman belum tersedia)">ɜ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal bulat setengah terbuka madya">ɞ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka belakang">ʌ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal bulat setengah terbuka belakang">ɔ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_hampir_terbuka" title="Vokal hampir terbuka">Hmpr. Buka</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_hampir_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat hampir terbuka depan">æ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(46px, -2px); transform: translate(46px, -2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_hampir_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal takbulat hampir terbuka madya">ɐ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(46px, -2px); transform: translate(46px, -2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(46px, -2px); transform: translate(46px, -2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_hampir_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal bulat hampir terbuka madya">ɞ̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_terbuka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal terbuka (halaman belum tersedia)"> Terbuka</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat terbuka depan">a</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal bulat terbuka depan">ɶ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal takbulat terbuka madya">ä</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal bulat terbuka madya">ɒ̈</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat terbuka belakang">ɑ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal bulat terbuka belakang">ɒ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <hr /> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">Bantuan IPA</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Grafik_vokal_IPA_dengan_audio" title="Grafik vokal IPA dengan audio"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Grafik_vokal_IPA_dengan_audio" title="Grafik vokal IPA dengan audio">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafik_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grafik Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">grafik lengkap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:IPA_vowels" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:IPA vowels">templat</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologi">Etimologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Etimologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Etimologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kata vokal berasal dari kata <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin">bahasa Latin</a> <i>vocalis</i>, yang berarti "berbicara". Pada kebanyakan bahasa, pembicaraan tidak mungkin dilakukan tanpa melibatkan peranan bunyi-bunyi vokal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suara">Suara</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Suara" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Suara"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sebuah vokal dipandang sebagai silabik. Suara yang terbuka yang mirip dengan vokal, tetapi tidak silabik disebut <a href="/wiki/Semivokal" title="Semivokal">semivokal</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.svg/220px-Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.svg/330px-Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.svg/440px-Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Posisi lidah untuk ucapan vokal</figcaption></figure> <p>Vokal membentuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inti_suku_kata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inti suku kata (halaman belum tersedia)">inti</a> atau puncak dari <a href="/wiki/Suku_kata" title="Suku kata">suku kata</a> di dalam semua <a href="/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa">bahasa</a>, di mana <a href="/wiki/Konsonan" title="Konsonan">konsonan</a> membentuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Awal_suku_kata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Awal suku kata (halaman belum tersedia)">awal suku kata</a> dan (di bahasa yang mempunyainya) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akhir_suku_kata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akhir suku kata (halaman belum tersedia)">akhir suku kata</a>. Namun, beberapa bahasa memperbolehkan suara yang lain menjadi inti dari suku kata, seperti "l" silabik di dalam kata <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Bahasa Inggris</a> <i>table</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈteɪ.bl̩]</span> (meja) atau <i>r</i> di dalam kata <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Serbia" title="Bahasa Serbia">Bahasa Serbia</a> <i>vrba</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[vr̩.ba]</span> (jerungkau). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Huruf_vokal" class="mw-redirect" title="Huruf vokal">Huruf vokal</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">bahasa Indonesia</a>: <a href="/wiki/A" title="A">a</a>, <a href="/wiki/E" title="E">e</a>, <a href="/wiki/I" title="I">i</a>, <a href="/wiki/O" title="O">o</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/U" title="U">u</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_istilah_linguistik" title="Daftar istilah linguistik">Daftar istilah linguistik</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional_(Bagan)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional" title="Templat:Alfabet Fonetik Internasional"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional_(Bagan)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional" title="Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">Alfabet Fonetik Internasional</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagan_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bagan Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">Bagan</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Topik-topik_IPA" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topik-topik IPA</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">IPA</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asosiasi_Fonetik_Internasional" title="Asosiasi Fonetik Internasional">Asosiasi Fonetik Internasional</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">Sejarah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekstensi_IPA" title="Ekstensi IPA">Simbol lanjutan untuk IPA (extIPA)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simbol-simbol_Kualitas_Suara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simbol-simbol Kualitas Suara (halaman belum tersedia)">Simbol-simbol Kualitas Suara (VoQS)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jurnal_Persatuan_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jurnal Persatuan Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)"><i>Journal of the IPA</i> (<i>JIPA</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topik khusus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bentuk_kursif_untuk_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional" title="Bentuk kursif untuk Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">Bentuk kursif</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Variasi_besar-kecil_huruf-huruf_IPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Variasi besar-kecil huruf-huruf IPA (halaman belum tersedia)">Variasi besar-kecil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simbol_lama_dan_simbol_yang_tidak_digunakan_lagi_dalam_Alphabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simbol lama dan simbol yang tidak digunakan lagi dalam Alphabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">Simbol lama dan simbol yang tidak digunakan lagi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tata_pemberian_nama_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tata pemberian nama Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">Tata penamaan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lanjutan_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional_untuk_pengkajiaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lanjutan Alfabet Fonetik Internasional untuk pengkajiaan (halaman belum tersedia)">Ekstensi simbol khusus untuk pengkajian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortografi_Dunia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ortografi Dunia (halaman belum tersedia)">Ortografi Dunia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carta_IPA_untuk_dialek_bahasa_Inggris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carta IPA untuk dialek bahasa Inggris (halaman belum tersedia)">Carta IPA untuk dialek bahasa Inggris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pengekodan karakter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengekodan_ASCII_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengekodan ASCII Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">pengekodan ASCII</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SAMPA" class="mw-redirect" title="SAMPA">SAMPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-SAMPA" class="mw-redirect" title="X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirshenbaum" title="Kirshenbaum">Kirshenbaum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TIPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TIPA (halaman belum tersedia)">TIPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simbol-simbol_fonetik_dalam_Unicode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simbol-simbol fonetik dalam Unicode (halaman belum tersedia)">Simbol-simbol fonetik dalam Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille_IPA" title="Braille IPA">Braille IPA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Konsonan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan" title="Konsonan">Konsonan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tekanan_paru-paru" title="Konsonan tekanan paru-paru">Konsonan tekanan paru-paru</a></b> <table role="presentation" class="" style="margin: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable IPA-pulmonic-main" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-pulmonic-placearrow"><a href="/wiki/Daerah_artikulasi" title="Daerah artikulasi">Daerah</a> → </th> <th scope="col" colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_bibir" title="Konsonan bibir">Bibir</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="12"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_lidah_tengah" title="Konsonan lidah tengah">Lidah tengah</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="5"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_akar_lidah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan akar lidah (halaman belum tersedia)">akar lidah</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="8"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_laring&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan laring (halaman belum tersedia)">Laring</a> </th></tr> <tr class="wrap wraplinks"> <th scope="col" class="IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow"><a href="/wiki/Cara_artikulasi" title="Cara artikulasi">Cara</a> ↓ </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_bilabial" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan bilabial">Dwibibir</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_labiodental" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan labiodental">Bibir <br />gigi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_linguolabial" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan linguolabial">Lidah bibir</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_dental" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan dental">Gigi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_alveolar" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan alveolar">Ronggagigi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_pasca_rongga-gigi" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan pasca rongga-gigi">Pascaronggi</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tarik-belakang" title="Konsonan tarik-belakang">Tarik bel.</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_rongga-gigi" title="Konsonan rongga-gigi">Ronggilidah</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_palatal" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan palatal">Langitlangit</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_velar" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan velar">Langitbel.</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tekak" title="Konsonan tekak">Tekak</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_katup_napas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan katup napas (halaman belum tersedia)">Katup<br />nafas</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_hulu_kerongkongan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan hulu kerongkongan (halaman belum tersedia)">hulu</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_hulu_kerongkongan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan hulu kerongkongan (halaman belum tersedia)">ker.</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_celah_suara" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan celah suara">Celah suara</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau" title="Konsonan sengau">Sengau </a> </th> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_dwibibir_nirsuara" title="Konsonan sengau dwibibir nirsuara">m̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_dwibibir" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan sengau dwibibir">m</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_bibir-gigi" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan sengau bibir-gigi">ɱ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_bibir-lidah" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan sengau bibir-lidah">n̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan sengau rongga-gigi nirsuara">n̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_rongga-gigi" title="Konsonan sengau rongga-gigi">n</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_tarik-belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan sengau tarik-belakang nirsuara">ɳ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_tarik-belakang" title="Konsonan sengau tarik-belakang">ɳ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sengau_langit-langit_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sengau langit-langit nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɲ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_langit-langit" title="Konsonan sengau langit-langit">ɲ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sengau_langit-langit_belakang_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sengau langit-langit belakang nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ŋ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_langit-langit_belakang" title="Konsonan sengau langit-langit belakang">ŋ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau_tekak" title="Konsonan sengau tekak">ɴ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup" title="Konsonan letup">Letup</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_dwibibir_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup dwibibir nirsuara">p</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_dwibibir_bersuara" title="Konsonan letup dwibibir bersuara">b</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_bibir-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup bibir-gigi nirsuara">p̪</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_bibir-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan letup bibir-gigi bersuara">b̪</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_bibir-lidah_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup bibir-lidah nirsuara">t̼</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_letup_bibir-lidah_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan letup bibir-lidah bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">d̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup rongga-gigi nirsuara">t</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_rongga-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan letup rongga-gigi bersuara">d</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_tarik-belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup tarik-belakang nirsuara">ʈ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_tarik-belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan letup tarik-belakang bersuara">ɖ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_langit-langit_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup langit-langit nirsuara">c</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_langit-langit_bersuara" title="Konsonan letup langit-langit bersuara">ɟ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_langit-langit_belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup langit-langit belakang nirsuara">k</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_langit-langit_belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan letup langit-langit belakang bersuara">ɡ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_tekak_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup tekak nirsuara">q</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_tekak_bersuara" title="Konsonan letup tekak bersuara">ɢ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_hulu-kerongkongan" title="Konsonan letup hulu-kerongkongan">ʡ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup_celah-suara" title="Konsonan letup celah-suara">ʔ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek" title="Konsonan gesek">Gesek</a> <a href="/wiki/Sibilan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sibilan">sibilan</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek_rongga-gigi_nirsuara#Konsonan_desis_gesek_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan gesek rongga-gigi nirsuara">ts</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek_rongga-gigi_bersuara#Konsonan_desis_gesek_rongga-gigi_bersuara" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan gesek rongga-gigi bersuara">dz</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek_pasca_rongga-gigi_nirsuara#Konsonan_desis_gesek_pasca_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan gesek pasca rongga-gigi nirsuara">t̠ʃ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek_pasca_rongga-gigi_bersuara#Konsonan_desis_gesek_rongga-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan gesek pasca rongga-gigi bersuara">d̠ʒ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_desis_gesek_tarik-belakang_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan desis gesek tarik-belakang nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ʈʂ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_desis_gesek_tarik-belakang_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan desis gesek tarik-belakang bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɖʐ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_desis_gesek_rongga-gigi_lidah_nirsuara" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan desis gesek rongga-gigi lidah nirsuara">tɕ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_desis_gesek_rongga-gigi_lidah_bersuara" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan desis gesek rongga-gigi lidah bersuara">dʑ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Gesek non-sibilan </th> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_dwibibir_nirsuara" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek dwibibir nirsuara">pɸ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_dwibibir_bersuara" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek dwibibir bersuara">bβ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_bibir-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek bibir-gigi nirsuara">p̪f</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_bibir-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek bibir-gigi bersuara">b̪v</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_gigi_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek gigi nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">t̪θ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_gigi_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek gigi bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">d̪ð</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek_rongga-gigi_nirsuara#Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan gesek rongga-gigi nirsuara">tɹ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek_rongga-gigi_bersuara#Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_rongga-gigi_bersuara" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan gesek rongga-gigi bersuara">dɹ̝</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek_pasca_rongga-gigi_nirsuara#Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_pasca_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan gesek pasca rongga-gigi nirsuara">t̠ɹ̠̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek_pasca_rongga-gigi_bersuara#Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_pasca_rongga-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan gesek pasca rongga-gigi bersuara">d̠ɹ̠˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_langit-langit_nirsuara" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek langit-langit nirsuara">cç</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_langit-langit_bersuara" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek langit-langit bersuara">ɟʝ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_langit-langit_belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek langit-langit belakang nirsuara">kx</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_langit-langit_belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek langit-langit belakang bersuara">ɡɣ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_tekak_nirsuara" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek tekak nirsuara">qχ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_tekak_bersuara" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek tekak bersuara">ɢʁ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_hulu-kerongkongan_bersuara" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek hulu-kerongkongan bersuara">ʡʢ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tak_desis_gesek_celah-suara" title="Konsonan tak desis gesek celah-suara">ʔh</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Frikatif" class="mw-redirect" title="Frikatif">Frikatif</a> sibilan </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser rongga-gigi nirsuara">s</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_rongga-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser rongga-gigi bersuara">z</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_pasca_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser pasca rongga-gigi nirsuara">ʃ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_pasca_rongga-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser pasca rongga-gigi bersuara">ʒ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_tarik-belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser tarik-belakang nirsuara">ʂ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_tarik-belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser tarik-belakang bersuara">ʐ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_rongga-gigi_lidah_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser rongga-gigi lidah nirsuara">ɕ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_rongga-gigi_lidah_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser rongga-gigi lidah bersuara">ʑ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Frikatif non-sibilan </th> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_dwibibir_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser dwibibir nirsuara">ɸ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_dwibibir_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser dwibibir bersuara">β</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_bibir-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser bibir-gigi nirsuara">f</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_bibir-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser bibir-gigi bersuara">v</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_geser_bibir-lidah_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan geser bibir-lidah nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">θ̼</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_geser_bibir-lidah_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan geser bibir-lidah bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ð̼</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser gigi nirsuara">θ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser gigi bersuara">ð</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_geser_tak_desis_rongga-gigi_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan geser tak desis rongga-gigi nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">θ̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-rightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_geser_tak_desis_rongga-gigi_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan geser tak desis rongga-gigi bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ð̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-leftborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_geser_tak_desis_pasca_rongga-gigi_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan geser tak desis pasca rongga-gigi nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɹ̠̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_geser_tak_desis_pasca_rongga-gigi_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan geser tak desis pasca rongga-gigi nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɹ̠˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_geser_tak_desis_tarik-belakang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan geser tak desis tarik-belakang (halaman belum tersedia)">ɻ˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_langit-langit_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser langit-langit nirsuara">ç</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_langit-langit_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser langit-langit bersuara">ʝ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_langit-langit_belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser langit-langit belakang nirsuara">x</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_langit-langit_belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser langit-langit belakang bersuara">ɣ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_tekak_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser tekak nirsuara">χ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_tekak_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser tekak bersuara">ʁ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_getar_hulu-kerongkongan_nirsuara" title="Konsonan getar hulu-kerongkongan nirsuara">ʜ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_getar_hulu-kerongkongan_bersuara" title="Konsonan getar hulu-kerongkongan bersuara">ʢ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_hulu-kerongkongan_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser hulu-kerongkongan nirsuara">ħ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_hulu-kerongkongan_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser hulu-kerongkongan bersuara">ʕ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_celah-suara_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser celah-suara nirsuara">h</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-nobottomborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser_celah-suara_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser celah-suara bersuara">ɦ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Aproksiman" class="mw-redirect" title="Aproksiman">Hampiran</a> </th> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_bibir-gigi" title="Konsonan hampiran bibir-gigi">ʋ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_rongga-gigi" title="Konsonan hampiran rongga-gigi">ɹ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_tarik-belakang" title="Konsonan hampiran tarik-belakang">ɻ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_langit-langit" title="Konsonan hampiran langit-langit">j</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_langit-langit_belakang" title="Konsonan hampiran langit-langit belakang">ɰ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-notopborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_celah-suara" title="Konsonan hampiran celah-suara">ʔ̞</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_kepak" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan kepak">Kepakan</a> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_kepak_dwibibir" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan kepak dwibibir">ⱱ̟</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_kepakan_bibir-gigi" title="Konsonan kepakan bibir-gigi">ⱱ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_kepakan_bibir-lidah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan kepakan bibir-lidah (halaman belum tersedia)">ɾ̼</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_kepakan_rongga-gigi_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan kepakan rongga-gigi nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɾ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_kepakan_rongga-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan kepakan rongga-gigi bersuara">ɾ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_kepakan_tarik-belakang_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan kepakan tarik-belakang nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɽ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_kepakan_tarik-belakang" title="Konsonan kepakan tarik-belakang">ɽ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_kepakan_tekak" title="Konsonan kepakan tekak">ɢ̆</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_kepakan_hulu-kerongkongan" title="Konsonan kepakan hulu-kerongkongan">ʡ̆</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_getar" title="Konsonan getar">Getar</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_getar_dwibibir_nirsuara" title="Konsonan getar dwibibir nirsuara">ʙ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_getar_dwibibir" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan getar dwibibir">ʙ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_getar_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan getar rongga-gigi nirsuara">r̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_getar_rongga-gigi" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan getar rongga-gigi">r</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_getar_tarik-belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan getar tarik-belakang nirsuara">ɽ̊r̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_getar_tarik-belakang" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan getar tarik-belakang">ɽr</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_getar_tekak_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan getar tekak nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ʀ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_getar_tekak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan getar tekak (halaman belum tersedia)">ʀ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_getar_hulu-kerongkongan_nirsuara" title="Konsonan getar hulu-kerongkongan nirsuara">ʜ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_getar_hulu-kerongkongan_bersuara" title="Konsonan getar hulu-kerongkongan bersuara">ʢ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Konsonan gesek <a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan sisi">sisi</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_gesek-sisi_rongga-gigi_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan gesek-sisi rongga-gigi nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">tɬ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_gesek-sisi_rongga-gigi_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan gesek-sisi rongga-gigi bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">dɮ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek-sisi_tarik-belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan gesek-sisi tarik-belakang nirsuara">ʈɭ̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek-sisi_tarik-belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan gesek-sisi tarik-belakang bersuara">ɖɭ˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek-sisi_langit-langit_nirsuara" title="Konsonan gesek-sisi langit-langit nirsuara">cʎ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_gesek-sisi_langit-langit_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan gesek-sisi langit-langit bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɟʎ̝</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek-sisi_langit-langit_belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan gesek-sisi langit-langit belakang nirsuara">kʟ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek-sisi_langit-langit_belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan gesek-sisi langit-langit belakang bersuara">ɡʟ̝</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Frikatif sisi </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser-sisi_rongga-gigi_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser-sisi rongga-gigi nirsuara">ɬ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser-sisi_rongga-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser-sisi rongga-gigi bersuara">ɮ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser-sisi_tarik-belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser-sisi tarik-belakang nirsuara">ɭ̊˔</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser-sisi_tarik-belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser-sisi tarik-belakang bersuara">ɭ˔</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_geser-sisi_langit-langit_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan geser-sisi langit-langit nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ʎ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser-sisi_langit-langit_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser-sisi langit-langit bersuara">ʎ̝</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser-sisi_langit-langit_belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan geser-sisi langit-langit belakang nirsuara">ʟ̝̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_geser-sisi_langit-langit_belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan geser-sisi langit-langit belakang bersuara">ʟ̝</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Hampiran sisi </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran-sisi_rongga-gigi" title="Konsonan hampiran-sisi rongga-gigi">l</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran-sisi_tarik-belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan hampiran-sisi tarik-belakang bersuara">ɭ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran-sisi_langit-langit_bersuara" title="Konsonan hampiran-sisi langit-langit bersuara">ʎ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran-sisi_langit-langit_belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan hampiran-sisi langit-langit belakang bersuara">ʟ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran-sisi_tekak" title="Konsonan hampiran-sisi tekak">ʟ̠</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Kepakan sisi </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_kepakan_sisi_rongga-gigi_dan_gigi_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan kepakan sisi rongga-gigi dan gigi nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɺ̥</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_kepakan_sisi_rongga-gigi_dan_gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan kepakan sisi rongga-gigi dan gigi bersuara">ɺ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_kepakan_sisi_tarik-belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan kepakan sisi tarik-belakang nirsuara">ɭ̥̆</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_kepakan_sisi_tarik-belakang_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan kepakan sisi tarik-belakang bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɭ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_kepakan_sisi_langit-langit" title="Konsonan kepakan sisi langit-langit">ʎ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_kepakan_sisi_langit-langit_belakang" title="Konsonan kepakan sisi langit-langit belakang">ʟ̆</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">Bantuan IPA</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Grafik_konsonan_pulmonik_dengan_suara" title="Grafik konsonan pulmonik dengan suara"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Grafik_konsonan_pulmonik_dengan_suara" title="Grafik konsonan pulmonik dengan suara">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafik_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grafik Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">grafik lengkap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Konsonan_tekanan_paru-paru" title="Templat:Konsonan tekanan paru-paru">templat</a></li></ul> </div> <p>Dalam satu sel tabel, simbol-simbol di sebelah kanan adalah <a href="/wiki/Suara" class="mw-redirect" title="Suara">bersuara</a>, di sebelah kiri adalah <a href="/wiki/Nirsuara" class="mw-redirect" title="Nirsuara">tidak bersuara</a> atau nirsuara. <span style="display: inline-block;">Petak-petak yang digelapkan menandakan penyebutan yang dianggap mustahil.</span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="nowrap"><div style="display: inline-block; margin-right: 2em;"><b>Konsonan non paru-paru</b> <table role="presentation" class="" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable nowrap IPA-common-table IPA-common-constable" style=""> <tbody><tr class="wrap wraplinks"> <th colspan="2"> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_dwibibir" title="Konsonan dwibibir"><abbr title="Dwibibir">DB</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_bibir-gigi" title="Konsonan bibir-gigi"><abbr title="Bibir-gifi">BG</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gigi" title="Konsonan gigi"><abbr title="Gigi">G</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_rongga-gigi" title="Konsonan rongga-gigi"><abbr title="Rongga-gifi">RG</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_paska_rongga-gigi" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan paska rongga-gigi"><abbr title="Paska rongga-gigi">PR</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tarik-belakang" title="Konsonan tarik-belakang"><abbr title="Tarik-belakang">TB</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_langit-langit" title="Konsonan langit-langit"><abbr title="Langit-langit">LL</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_langit-langit_belakang" title="Konsonan langit-langit belakang"><abbr title="langit-langit belakang">LB</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tekak" title="Konsonan tekak"><abbr title="Tekak">T</abbr></a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_faringeal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan faringeal (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Faringeal">F</abbr></a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="5"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur (halaman belum tersedia)">Sembur</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Letup&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Letup (halaman belum tersedia)">Hentian</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur_dwibibir_henti" title="Konsonan sembur dwibibir henti">pʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_rongga-gigi_henti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur rongga-gigi henti (halaman belum tersedia)">tʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur_tarik-belakang_henti" title="Konsonan sembur tarik-belakang henti">ʈʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur_langit-langit_henti" title="Konsonan sembur langit-langit henti">cʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_langit-langit_belakang_henti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur langit-langit belakang henti (halaman belum tersedia)">kʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_tekak_henti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur tekak henti (halaman belum tersedia)">qʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_hulu-kerongkongan_henti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur hulu-kerongkongan henti (halaman belum tersedia)">ʡʼ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_gesek" title="Konsonan gesek">Gesek</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur_gigi_gesek" title="Konsonan sembur gigi gesek">t̪θʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_rongga-gigi_gesek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur rongga-gigi gesek (halaman belum tersedia)">tsʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_pasca_rongga-gigi_gesek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur pasca rongga-gigi gesek (halaman belum tersedia)">t̠ʃʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur_tarik-belakang_gesek" title="Konsonan sembur tarik-belakang gesek">ʈʂʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur_langit-langit_belakang_gesek" title="Konsonan sembur langit-langit belakang gesek">kxʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_tekak_gesek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur tekak gesek (halaman belum tersedia)">qχʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_frikatif" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan frikatif">Geser</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur_dwibibir_geser" title="Konsonan sembur dwibibir geser">ɸʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur_bibir-gigi_geser" title="Konsonan sembur bibir-gigi geser">fʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_gigi_geser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur gigi geser (halaman belum tersedia)">θʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur_rongga-gigi_geser" title="Konsonan sembur rongga-gigi geser">sʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_pasca_rongga-gigi_geser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur pasca rongga-gigi geser (halaman belum tersedia)">ʃʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_tarik-belakang_geser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur tarik-belakang geser (halaman belum tersedia)">ʂʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur_rongga-gigi%E2%80%94langit-langit_geser" title="Konsonan sembur rongga-gigi—langit-langit geser">ɕʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_langit-langit_belakang_geser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur langit-langit belakang geser (halaman belum tersedia)">xʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur_tekak_geser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur tekak geser (halaman belum tersedia)">χʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Gesek <a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan sisi">sisian</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sembur-sisi_rongga-gigi_gesek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sembur-sisi rongga-gigi gesek (halaman belum tersedia)">tɬʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur-sisi_langit-langit_gesek" title="Konsonan sembur-sisi langit-langit gesek">cʎ̝̊ʼ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur-sisi_langit-langit_belakang_gesek" title="Konsonan sembur-sisi langit-langit belakang gesek">kʟ̝̊ʼ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Geser sisian </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sembur-sisi_rongga-gigi_geser" title="Konsonan sembur-sisi rongga-gigi geser">ɬʼ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_decak" title="Konsonan decak">Decak</a> </th> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_halus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan halus (halaman belum tersedia)">Halus</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak_dwibibir_halus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak dwibibir halus (halaman belum tersedia)">ʘ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak_gigi_halus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak gigi halus (halaman belum tersedia)">ǀ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_decak_rongga-gigi_halus" title="Konsonan decak rongga-gigi halus">ǃ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="error">Error using {{<a href="/wiki/Templat:IPA_symbol" title="Templat:IPA symbol">IPA symbol</a>}}: "𝼊" not found in list</span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak_langit-langit_halus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak langit-langit halus (halaman belum tersedia)">ǂ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Suara_(fonetik)" title="Suara (fonetik)">Bersuara</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak_dwibibir_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak dwibibir bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ʘ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak_gigi_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak gigi bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ǀ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_decak_rongga-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan decak rongga-gigi bersuara">ǃ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_(phonetics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voice (phonetics) (halaman belum tersedia)">𝼊̬</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak_langit-langit_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak langit-langit bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ǂ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Decak_sengau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decak sengau (halaman belum tersedia)">Sengau</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_decak_dwibibir_sengau" title="Konsonan decak dwibibir sengau">ʘ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak_gigi_sengau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak gigi sengau (halaman belum tersedia)">ǀ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_decak_rongga-gigi_sengau" title="Konsonan decak rongga-gigi sengau">ǃ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Nasalization" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasalization">𝼊̃</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak_langit-langit_sengau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak langit-langit sengau (halaman belum tersedia)">ǂ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak_langit-langit_pelepasan_belakang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak langit-langit pelepasan belakang (halaman belum tersedia)">ʞ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Halus <a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan sisi">sisian</a> </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak-sisi_rongga-gigi_halus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak-sisi rongga-gigi halus (halaman belum tersedia)">ǁ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Bersuara sisian </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak-sisi_rongga-gigi_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak-sisi rongga-gigi bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ǁ̬</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Sengau sisian </th> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_decak-sisi_rongga-gigi_sengau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan decak-sisi rongga-gigi sengau (halaman belum tersedia)">ǁ̃</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-shaded"> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup-balik" title="Konsonan letup-balik">Letup-<br />balik</a> </th> <th scope="row">Bersuara </th> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup-balik_dwibibir_bersuara" title="Konsonan letup-balik dwibibir bersuara">ɓ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup-balik_rongga-gigi_bersuara" title="Konsonan letup-balik rongga-gigi bersuara">ɗ</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_letup-balik_tarik-belakang_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan letup-balik tarik-belakang bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ᶑ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_letup-balik_langit-langit_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan letup-balik langit-langit bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ʄ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup-balik_langit-langit_belakang_bersuara" title="Konsonan letup-balik langit-langit belakang bersuara">ɠ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup-balik_tekak_bersuara" title="Konsonan letup-balik tekak bersuara">ʛ</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penirsuaraan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penirsuaraan (halaman belum tersedia)">Nirsuara</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup-balik_dwibibir_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup-balik dwibibir nirsuara">ɓ̥</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td class="IPA-common-norightborder"> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder IPA-common-norightborder"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_letup-balik_rongga-gigi_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan letup-balik rongga-gigi nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɗ̥</a></span> </td> <td class="IPA-common-noleftborder"> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup-balik_tarik-belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup-balik tarik-belakang nirsuara">ᶑ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup-balik_langit-langit_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup-balik langit-langit nirsuara">ʄ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup-balik_langit-langit_belakang_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup-balik langit-langit belakang nirsuara">ɠ̊</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup-balik_tekak_nirsuara" title="Konsonan letup-balik tekak nirsuara">ʛ̥</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">Bantuan IPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafik_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grafik Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">grafik lengkap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Konsonan_non_paru-paru" title="Templat:Konsonan non paru-paru">templat</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="display: inline-block;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_ko-artikulasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan ko-artikulasi (halaman belum tersedia)">Konsonan ko-artikulasi</a></b> <table role="presentation" class="" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td> <div class="nowrap IPA-coarticulated-main IPA-coarticulated-nocaption" style=""> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sengau" title="Konsonan sengau">Sengau</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">n͡m</span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_rongga-gigi_terbibirkan" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan rongga-gigi terbibirkan">Rongga-gigi terbibirkan</a></div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_sengau_rongga-gigi_terbibirkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan sengau rongga-gigi terbibirkan (halaman belum tersedia)">ŋ͡m</a></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_langit-langit_terbibirkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan langit-langit terbibirkan (halaman belum tersedia)">Langit-langit belakang<br />terbibirkan</a></div> </div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_letup" title="Konsonan letup">Letup</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">t͡p</span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">d͡b</span></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Rongga-gigi terbibirkan</div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_letup_langit-langit_belakang_terbibirkan_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan letup langit-langit belakang terbibirkan nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">k͡p</a></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_letup_langit-langit_belakang_terbibirkan_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan letup langit-langit belakang terbibirkan bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɡ͡b</a></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Langit-langit belakang<br />terbibirkan</div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_letup_tekak_hulu-kerongkongan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan letup tekak hulu-kerongkongan (halaman belum tersedia)">q͡ʡ</a></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_tekak_hulu-kerongkongan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan tekak hulu-kerongkongan (halaman belum tersedia)">Tekak hulu-kerongkongan</a></div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect"><a href="/wiki/Aproksiman" class="mw-redirect" title="Aproksiman">Hampiran</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_hampiran_langit-langit_terbibirkan_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan hampiran langit-langit terbibirkan nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɥ̊</a></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_hampiran_dwibibir_langit-langit_bersuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan hampiran dwibibir langit-langit bersuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ɥ</a></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_langit-langit_terbibirkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan langit-langit terbibirkan (halaman belum tersedia)">Langit-langit terbibirkan</a></div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_hampiran_langit-langit_belakang_terbibirkan_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan hampiran langit-langit belakang terbibirkan nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">ʍ</a></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_hampiran_langit-langit_belakang_terbibirkan_bersuara" title="Konsonan hampiran langit-langit belakang terbibirkan bersuara">w</a></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembibiran_konsonan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembibiran konsonan (halaman belum tersedia)">Langit-langit belakang<br />terbibirkan</a></div> </div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɧ</span></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc"><a href="/wiki/Bunyi_sj" title="Bunyi sj">Gabungan antara ʃ dan x</a></div> </div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-sect">Hampiran <a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan sisi">sisi</a></div> <div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"></div><div class="IPA-coarticulated-symbol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_hampiran_sisi_rongga-gigi_peletakan_langit-langit_belakang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan hampiran sisi rongga-gigi peletakan langit-langit belakang (halaman belum tersedia)">ɫ</a></div> <div class="IPA-coarticulated-desc">Rongga-gigi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peletakan_langit-langit_belakang_konsonan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peletakan langit-langit belakang konsonan (halaman belum tersedia)">peletakan<br />langit-langit belakang</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">Bantuan IPA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafik_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grafik Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">grafik lengkap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Konsonan_ko-artikulasi" title="Templat:Konsonan ko-artikulasi">templat</a></li></ul> </div> <p>Simbol-simbol di sebelah kanan adalah <a href="/wiki/Suara" class="mw-redirect" title="Suara">bersuara</a>, di sebelah kiri adalah <a href="/wiki/Nirsuara" class="mw-redirect" title="Nirsuara">tidak bersuara</a> atau nirsuara. </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Lain-lain" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_hampiran_bibir_%E2%80%93_langit-langit_belakang_sengau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan hampiran bibir – langit-langit belakang sengau (halaman belum tersedia)">Konsonan hampiran bibir – langit-langit belakang sengau</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[w̃]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_hampiran_langit-langit_sengau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan hampiran langit-langit sengau (halaman belum tersedia)">Konsonan hampiran langit-langit sengau</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[j̃]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_geser_dwigigi_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan geser dwigigi nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">Konsonan geser dwigigi nirsuara</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[h̪͆]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_letup_gigi_nirsuara_dengan_penggetaran_dwibibir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan letup gigi nirsuara dengan penggetaran dwibibir (halaman belum tersedia)">Konsonan letup gigi nirsuara dengan penggetaran dwibibir</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t̪ʙ̥]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_hampiran_celah-suara_sengau_nirsuara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan hampiran celah-suara sengau nirsuara (halaman belum tersedia)">Konsonan hampiran celah-suara sengau nirsuara </a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[h̃]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Vokal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vokal</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <table role="presentation" class="" style="margin: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="nowrap IPA-vowels-main IPA-vowels-nocaption IPA-vowels-noaudio" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_depan" title="Vokal depan">Depan</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_madya" title="Vokal madya">Madya</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_belakang" title="Vokal belakang">Belakang</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_tertutup" title="Vokal tertutup"> Tertutup</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal takbulat tertutup depan">i</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-26px, 8px); transform: translate(-26px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal bulat tertutup depan">y</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_tertutup_madya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat tertutup madya (halaman belum tersedia)">ɨ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 8px); transform: translate(-6px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_bulat_tertutup_madya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal bulat tertutup madya (halaman belum tersedia)">ʉ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat tertutup belakang">ɯ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 8px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 8px); transform: translate(13px, 8px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal bulat tertutup belakang">u</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_hampir_tertutup&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal hampir tertutup (halaman belum tersedia)">Hmpr. tutup</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_hampir_tertutup_hampir_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat hampir tertutup hampir depan (halaman belum tersedia)">ɪ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(30px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(30px, 6px); transform: translate(30px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_bulat_hampir_tertutup_hampir_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal bulat hampir tertutup hampir depan (halaman belum tersedia)">ʏ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(2px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(2px, 6px); transform: translate(2px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Near-close_central_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Near-close central unrounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">ɪ̈</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(2px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(2px, 6px); transform: translate(2px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(2px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(2px, 6px); transform: translate(2px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Near-close_central_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Near-close central rounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">ʊ̈</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Relative_articulation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Relative articulation (halaman belum tersedia)">ɯ̽</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-22px, 6px); transform: translate(-22px, 6px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_hampir_tertutup_hampir_belakang" title="Vokal bulat hampir tertutup hampir belakang">ʊ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_setengah_tertutup" title="Vokal setengah tertutup">1/2 tutup</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup depan">e</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(14px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(14px, 4px); transform: translate(14px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal bulat setengah tertutup depan">ø</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_madya" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup madya">ɘ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(12px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(12px, 4px); transform: translate(12px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_tertutup_madya" title="Vokal bulat setengah tertutup madya">ɵ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup belakang">ɤ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 4px); transform: translate(13px, 4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal bulat setengah tertutup belakang">o</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_tengah" title="Vokal tengah">Tengah</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_tengah_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat tengah depan (halaman belum tersedia)">e̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(37px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(37px, 2px); transform: translate(37px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_bulat_tengah_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal bulat tengah depan (halaman belum tersedia)">ø̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(25px, 2px); transform: translate(25px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_tengah_madya" title="Vokal tengah madya">ə</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(25px, 2px); transform: translate(25px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(25px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(25px, 2px); transform: translate(25px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_Mid_central_rounded_vowel" class="mw-redirect" title="Vokal Mid central rounded vowel">ɵ̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Mid_back_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Mid back unrounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">ɤ̞</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 2px); transform: translate(13px, 2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Mid_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Mid back rounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">o̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_setengah_terbuka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal setengah terbuka (halaman belum tersedia)">1/2 buka</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka depan">ɛ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(59px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(59px, 0px); transform: translate(59px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal bulat setengah terbuka depan">œ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_setengah_terbuka_madya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka madya (halaman belum tersedia)">ɜ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(34px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(34px, 0px); transform: translate(34px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal bulat setengah terbuka madya">ɞ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka belakang">ʌ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, 0px); transform: translate(13px, 0px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal bulat setengah terbuka belakang">ɔ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_hampir_terbuka" title="Vokal hampir terbuka">Hmpr. Buka</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_hampir_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat hampir terbuka depan">æ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(80px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(80px, -2px); transform: translate(80px, -2px);"></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(46px, -2px); transform: translate(46px, -2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_hampir_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal takbulat hampir terbuka madya">ɐ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(46px, -2px); transform: translate(46px, -2px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(46px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(46px, -2px); transform: translate(46px, -2px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_hampir_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal bulat hampir terbuka madya">ɞ̞</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_terbuka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal terbuka (halaman belum tersedia)"> Terbuka</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat terbuka depan">a</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal bulat terbuka depan">ɶ</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal takbulat terbuka madya">ä</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(57px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(57px, -4px); transform: translate(57px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal bulat terbuka madya">ɒ̈</a></span></span></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div class="IPA-vowels-container-left" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat terbuka belakang">ɑ</a></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-right" style="-ms-transform: translate(13px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(13px, -4px); transform: translate(13px, -4px);"><span><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal bulat terbuka belakang">ɒ</a></span></span></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">Bantuan IPA</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Grafik_vokal_IPA_dengan_audio" title="Grafik vokal IPA dengan audio"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Grafik_vokal_IPA_dengan_audio" title="Grafik vokal IPA dengan audio">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafik_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grafik Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">grafik lengkap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:IPA_vowels" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:IPA vowels">templat</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18342415">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Linguistics_stub.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ikon rintisan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Linguistics_stub.svg/40px-Linguistics_stub.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Linguistics_stub.svg/60px-Linguistics_stub.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Linguistics_stub.svg/80px-Linguistics_stub.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="183" data-file-height="73" /></a></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">Artikel bertopik linguistika ini adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Rintisan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Rintisan">rintisan</a>. 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