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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_reasons_for_attributing_text"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Other reasons for attributing text</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_reasons_for_attributing_text-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Where_attribution_is_not_needed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Where_attribution_is_not_needed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Where attribution is not needed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Where_attribution_is_not_needed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Proper attribution to the author and the page</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Proper attribution to the author and the page subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hyperlink" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hyperlink"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Hyperlink</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hyperlink-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_authors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_authors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>List of authors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_authors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specific_situations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specific_situations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Specific situations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Specific_situations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Specific situations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Specific_situations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Merging_and_splitting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merging_and_splitting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Merging and splitting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merging_and_splitting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Copying_from_other_Wikimedia_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Copying_from_other_Wikimedia_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Copying from other Wikimedia projects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Copying_from_other_Wikimedia_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Translating_from_other_language_Wikimedia_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Translating_from_other_language_Wikimedia_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Translating from other language Wikimedia projects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Translating_from_other_language_Wikimedia_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Content_forking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Content_forking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Content forking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Content_forking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reusing_deleted_material" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reusing_deleted_material"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Reusing deleted material</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reusing_deleted_material-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Userfication" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Userfication"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Userfication</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Userfication-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Repairing_insufficient_attribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Repairing_insufficient_attribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.7</span> <span>Repairing insufficient attribution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Repairing_insufficient_attribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Repairing_cut-and-paste_moves_of_a_page" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Repairing_cut-and-paste_moves_of_a_page"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.8</span> <span>Repairing cut-and-paste moves of a page</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Repairing_cut-and-paste_moves_of_a_page-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alternatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Alternatives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wikipedia</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Copying within Wikipedia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 12 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:উইকিপিডিয়ার অভ্যন্তরে অনুলিপি করা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:উইকিপিডিয়ার অভ্যন্তরে অনুলিপি করা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Atribuci%C3%B3n_dentro_da_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Atribución dentro da Wikipedia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wikipedia:Atribución dentro da Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:Copying within Wikipedia – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:Copying within Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E5%86%85%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%BC" title="Wikipedia:ウィキペディア内でのコピー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Wikipedia:ウィキペディア内でのコピー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kopiering_innen_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Kopiering innen Wikipedia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wikipedia:Kopiering innen Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomoc:Kopiowanie_wewn%C4%85trz_Wikipedii" title="Pomoc:Kopiowanie wewnątrz Wikipedii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pomoc:Kopiowanie wewnątrz Wikipedii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Википедия:Повторное использование внутри Википедии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Википедия:Повторное использование внутри Википедии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F:%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8" title="විකිපීඩියා:විකිපීඩියාව තුල පිටපත් කිරීම – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විකිපීඩියා:විකිපීඩියාව තුල පිටපත් කිරීම" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedi:Vikipedi_i%C3%A7inde_kopyalama" title="Vikipedi:Vikipedi içinde kopyalama – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikipedi:Vikipedi içinde kopyalama" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%96%BA%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E4%B9%8B%E5%85%A7%E6%8A%84%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="Wikipedia:喺維基百科之內抄內容 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Wikipedia:喺維基百科之內抄內容" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%9C%A8%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%86%85%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" title="Wikipedia:在维基百科内复制内容 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Wikipedia:在维基百科内复制内容" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q10729797#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-project" 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.ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Blue tick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/30px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/45px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/60px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>This page documents an English Wikipedia <a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_editing_guidelines" title="Category:Wikipedia editing guidelines">editing guideline</a>.</b><br/><div style="font-size: 90%;">Editors should generally follow it, though <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">exceptions</a> may apply. Substantive edits to this page should reflect <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:PGCHANGE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:PGCHANGE">consensus</a>. When in doubt, discuss first on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia talk:Copying within Wikipedia">this guideline's talk page</a>.</div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:COPYWITHIN"></span><span id="WP:CWW"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:COPYWITHIN&redirect=no">WP:COPYWITHIN</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:CWW&redirect=no">WP:CWW</a></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238436933"><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice nutshell" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/30px-Walnut.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/45px-Walnut.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/60px-Walnut.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>This page in a nutshell:</b> When copying content from one article to another, at a minimum provide a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Linking" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Linking">link</a> back to the source page in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> at the destination page and state that content was copied from that source. If substantial, consider posting a note on both <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Talk page">talk pages</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238436933"><table class="box-Notice plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;">For information on copy and pasting text, see <a 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Wikipedia content</a></li> <li>License text (<div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">CC BY-SA 4.0</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>)</li></ul></div></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Guidelines</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Non-free_content" title="Wikipedia:Non-free content">Non-free content</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Copying within Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Public_domain" title="Wikipedia:Public domain">Public domain content</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Non-US_copyrights" title="Wikipedia:Non-US copyrights">Non-US copyrights</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Advice</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Copyright" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Copyright">Frequently asked questions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Donating_copyrighted_materials" title="Wikipedia:Donating copyrighted materials">Donating copyrighted material</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_text_from_other_sources" title="Wikipedia:Copying text from other sources">Copying text from other sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requesting_copyright_permission" title="Wikipedia:Requesting copyright permission">Requesting copyright permission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Close_paraphrasing" title="Wikipedia:Close paraphrasing">Close paraphrasing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_copyright_violations_101" title="Wikipedia:Text copyright violations 101">Guidance for text copyright problems</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Processes</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyright_problems" title="Wikipedia:Copyright problems">Copyright problems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Files_for_discussion" title="Wikipedia:Files for discussion">Files for discussion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contributor_copyright_investigations" title="Wikipedia:Contributor copyright investigations">Contributor copyright investigations</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Resources</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Copyright_problems" title="Wikipedia talk:Copyright problems">General help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyright_assistance" title="Wikipedia:Copyright assistance">Copyright assistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_copyright_questions" title="Wikipedia:Media copyright questions">Media copyright questions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_copyright_tags" title="Wikipedia:File copyright tags">File copyright tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Declaration_of_consent_for_all_enquiries" title="Wikipedia:Declaration of consent for all enquiries">Declaration of consent</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_copyright" title="Template:Wikipedia copyright"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_copyright" title="Template talk:Wikipedia copyright"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_copyright" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia copyright"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights">Wikipedia's licensing</a> requires that attribution be given to all users involved in creating and altering the content of a page. Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">page history</a> functionality lists all edits made to a page and all users who made these changes, but it cannot, however, in itself determine where the text originally came from. Because of this, copying content from another page within Wikipedia requires supplementary attribution to indicate it. At a minimum, this means providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> at the destination page—that is, the page into which the material is copied—stating that content was copied, together with a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Linking" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Linking">link</a> to the source (copied-from) page, e.g. <code>Copied content from [[<page name>]]; see that page's history for attribution</code>. It is good practice, especially if copying is extensive, to make a note in an edit summary on the source page as well. Content reusers should also consider leaving notes on the talk pages of both the source and destination. </p><p>Copying and translating information from <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation#Wikimedia_projects" title="Wikimedia Foundation">a Wikimedia project</a> other than the English Wikipedia is usually possible, since <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_projects" class="extiw" title="meta:Wikimedia projects">all Wikimedia projects</a> use the same or compatible licensing for most of their content. The edit summary must provide either a link to the original source or a list of all contributors. There are templates that may be used on the article's talk page to add supplementary information. See <a href="#Copying_from_other_Wikimedia_projects">§ Copying from other Wikimedia projects</a> for more info. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Attribution_is_required_for_copyright" data-mw-thread-id="h-Attribution_is_required_for_copyright"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Attribution_is_required_for_copyright"></span>Attribution is required for copyright<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Attribution_is_required_for_copyright"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ATTREQ"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ATTREQ&redirect=no">WP:ATTREQ</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Contributors to Wikipedia are not asked to surrender their <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyright</a> to the material they contribute. Instead, they are required to co-license their contributions under the <a href="/wiki/Copyleft" title="Copyleft">copyleft</a> licenses <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Text of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a> (CC BY-SA) and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GNU Free Documentation License</a> (GFDL). Both of these licenses allow reuse and modification, but reserve the right to attribution. </p><p>The CC BY-SA, section 4(c), states that: </p> <blockquote><p>You must ... provide ... the name of the Original Author (or pseudonym, if applicable) ... and ... in the case of an Adaptation, a credit identifying the use of the Work in the Adaptation (e.g., "French translation of the Work by Original Author," or "Screenplay based on original Work by Original Author"). The credit required by this Section 4(c) may be implemented in any reasonable manner; provided, however, that in the case of a Adaptation or Collection, at a minimum such credit will appear, if a credit for all contributing authors of the Adaptation or Collection appears, then as part of these credits and in a manner at least as prominent as the credits for the other contributing authors.</p></blockquote> <p>The GFDL, section 4-I, states that: </p> <blockquote><p>... you must ... Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page.</p></blockquote> <p>The Wikimedia Foundation's <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="wmf:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> are clear that attribution will be supplied: </p> <blockquote><p>in any of the following fashions: a) through a hyperlink (where possible) or URL to the article or articles you contributed to, b) through a hyperlink (where possible) or URL to an alternative, stable online copy which is freely accessible, which conforms with the license, and which provides credit to the authors in a manner equivalent to the credit given on this website, or c) through a list of all authors. (Any list of authors may be filtered to exclude very small or irrelevant contributions.)</p></blockquote> <p>If material is used <i>without</i> attribution, it violates the licensing terms under which it has been provided, which in turn violates the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights#Reusers'_rights_and_obligations" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights">Reusers' rights and obligations</a> clause of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights" title="Wikipedia:Copyrights">Wikipedia's copyrights policy</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Other_reasons_for_attributing_text" data-mw-thread-id="h-Other_reasons_for_attributing_text"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Other_reasons_for_attributing_text"></span>Other reasons for attributing text<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Other_reasons_for_attributing_text"></span></h2></div> <p>The correct attribution of text copied from one article to another allows editors to find easily the previous <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">edit history</a> of the copied text with all the advantages that access to the edit history of text contained in an article provides. Listed below are some of the advantages appropriate attribution brings that are specific to text copied from one article to another. </p><p>If a Wikipedia article (the "parent article") contains text that is a breach of third-party copyright and is copied to another article (the "child article"), then the child article will also contain a copyright violation. Attributing the copy in the child article as specified below helps editors identify when an inadvertent breach of copyright occurred and determine that the editor who made the copy did so without knowing that it was a breach of copyright. (See <a href="/wiki/Talk:Whiggamore_Raid#Copyright_problem_removed" title="Talk:Whiggamore Raid">here</a> for an example.) The appropriate attribution in the child article may also help editors trace the copyright violation back to the parent article. </p><p>If text with one or more <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITESHORT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITESHORT">short citations</a> is copied from one or more parent articles into a child article, but the corresponding full reference in the parent's references section is not copied across, without appropriate attribution as specified below, it can be difficult to identify the full reference needed to support the short citations. (See <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Social_teachings_of_the_papacy&diff=567932916&oldid=514672084">here</a></span> for an example.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Where_attribution_is_not_needed" data-mw-thread-id="h-Where_attribution_is_not_needed"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Where_attribution_is_not_needed"></span>Where attribution is not needed<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Where_attribution_is_not_needed"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NOATT"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NOATT&redirect=no">WP:NOATT</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Not everything copied from one Wikipedia page to another requires attribution. If the re-user is the sole contributor of the text at the other page, attribution is not necessary. Content rewritten in one's own words does not need attribution. However, duplicating material by other contributors that is sufficiently creative to be copyrightable under US law (as the governing law for Wikipedia) requires attribution. </p><p>As guidance, none of the following require attribution when copied within Wikipedia: </p> <ul><li>Common expressions and idioms;</li> <li>Basic mathematical and scientific formulae;</li> <li>Citations and references.</li></ul> <p>However, attributing the first two is encouraged. </p><p>Quotes from external sources do not need to be attributed to the original Wikipedia contributor, although any text surrounding them would be, and the original source must still be cited. However, even though attribution is not required in these cases, including a link is often useful. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page" data-mw-thread-id="h-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page"></span>Proper attribution to the author and the page<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:PATT"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:PATT&redirect=no">WP:PATT</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Attribution can be provided in any of the fashions detailed in the Terms of Use (listed above), although methods (a) and (c)—i.e., through a hyperlink (where possible) or URL to the article or articles you contributed to; or through a list of all authors—are the most practical for transferring text from one Wikipedia page to another. Both methods have strengths and weaknesses, but either satisfies the licensing requirements if properly done. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hyperlink" data-mw-thread-id="h-Hyperlink-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Hyperlink-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page"></span>Hyperlink<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Hyperlink-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page"></span></h3></div> <p>If the material has been contributed by more than one author, providing a link in the edit summary is the simplest method of providing attribution. A statement in the edit summary such as <code>copied content from [[page name]]; see that page's history for attribution</code> will direct interested parties to the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Edit history">edit history</a> of the source page, where they can trace exactly who added what content when. A disadvantage with this method is that the page history of the original article <i>must</i> subsequently be retained in order to maintain attribution. To avoid the source page being inadvertently moved or deleted, it is helpful to make a note of the copying on the talk page of the source article. The template <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Copied" title="Template:Copied">copied</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> can be used for this purpose. This template can also be added to the destination talk page. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_authors" data-mw-thread-id="h-List_of_authors-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-List_of_authors-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page"></span>List of authors<span data-mw-comment-end="h-List_of_authors-Proper_attribution_to_the_author_and_the_page"></span></h3></div> <p>When dealing with a page edited by many, a hyperlink is the simplest solution, but if the content being copied has only one contributor, it may be preferable simply to list that editor individually. Using this method, the edit history of the source page will be unnecessary after four years under the GFDL, though sooner deletion is possible under a CC-BY-SA 4.0 only license. A statement in the edit summary such as <code>text from [[page name]] originally contributed by [[User:Example]] on 28 November 2024</code> serves as full attribution. If the material being copied has more than one author, attribution requirements can technically be satisfied with a note in the edit summary directing attention to a list of contributors on the talk page, but as the Terms of Use indicate, a hyperlink is preferred where possible. If the page where the material has been copied has to be deleted within four years, use <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:CC-notice" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:CC-notice">CC-notice</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> on the destination page with license <code>bysa4</code>, to notify readers that the page can no longer be distributed under the GFDL. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Help:Dummy_edit" title="Help:Dummy edit">dummy edit</a> may be used to provide the edit summary attribution in either of the methods described above. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Specific_situations" data-mw-thread-id="h-Specific_situations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Specific_situations"></span>Specific situations<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Specific_situations"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ATTSIT"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ATTSIT&redirect=no">WP:ATTSIT</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Merging_and_splitting" data-mw-thread-id="h-Merging_and_splitting-Specific_situations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Merging_and_splitting-Specific_situations"></span>Merging and splitting<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Merging_and_splitting-Specific_situations"></span></h3></div> <p>While there may be many reasons to duplicate text from one page into another, there are additional procedures, and templates, which may be necessary for certain situations of copying within Wikipedia. For merging two articles together or content from one article into another, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging" title="Wikipedia:Merging">Wikipedia:Merging</a>. For splitting one article into two or more, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">Wikipedia:Splitting</a>. For splitting content from one page and merging it into another page, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Section_move" title="Wikipedia:Section move">Wikipedia:Section move</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Copying_from_other_Wikimedia_projects" data-mw-thread-id="h-Copying_from_other_Wikimedia_projects-Specific_situations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Copying_from_other_Wikimedia_projects-Specific_situations"></span>Copying from other Wikimedia projects<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Copying_from_other_Wikimedia_projects-Specific_situations"></span></h3></div> <p>If copying or moving via "transwiki" from another Wikimedia project that is licensed under CC BY-SA (such as <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">Wiktionary</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>), you may satisfy attribution either by providing a complete list of authors of the original content (the complete list can be generated by copying the history of the remote page) or by providing a direct link to the original material. If the list of authors is brief, this may be provided in the edit summary. A direct link (such as an <a href="/wiki/Help:InterWikimedia_links" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:InterWikimedia links">InterWikimedia link</a>) must be included in the edit summary; the template <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Interwiki_copy" title="Template:Interwiki copy">Interwiki copy</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> is available for the article's talk page. If leaving a list of authors, also provide a URL to the original page in case it becomes necessary in the future to access that history. (See <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Transwiki" class="extiw" title="meta:Help:Transwiki">Help:Transwiki</a>.) </p><p>Although most Wikimedia projects are licensed under CC BY-SA and require attribution consistent with the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="wmf:Terms of Use">Foundation's Terms of Use</a>, some projects are handled differently. For example, content from <a href="/wiki/Wikinews" title="Wikinews">Wikinews</a> is licensed under CC BY and may be reused with attribution only to "Wikinews." (See <a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Wikinews:Copyright" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Wikinews:Copyright">Wikinews:Copyright</a>.) It is the responsibility of the editor <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_page_importation" title="Wikipedia:Requests for page importation">importing content</a> to determine the license that applies and ensure that attribution is satisfied. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translating_from_other_language_Wikimedia_projects" data-mw-thread-id="h-Translating_from_other_language_Wikimedia_projects-Specific_situations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Translating_from_other_language_Wikimedia_projects-Specific_situations"></span>Translating from other language Wikimedia projects<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Translating_from_other_language_Wikimedia_projects-Specific_situations"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:TFOLWP"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:TFOLWP&redirect=no">WP:TFOLWP</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Translations of copyrighted text, even from other Wikimedia projects, are <a href="/wiki/Derivative_works" class="mw-redirect" title="Derivative works">derivative works</a>, and attribution must be given to satisfy licensing requirements. When translating material from a Wikimedia project licensed under CC BY-SA, a note identifying the Wikimedia project (such as an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a>) and the page name must be provided. The preferred way to do this is in an edit summary in the translated page, ideally in its first edit, as in this example (using a French Wikipedia article as an example): </p><p><code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Exact name of French article]]; see its history for attribution.</code> </p><p><b>If you forget to to do this</b>, see <a href="#Repairing_insufficient_attribution">#Repairing insufficient attribution</a> below. </p><p>Where applicable, the template <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Translated_page" title="Template:Translated page">Translated page</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> may also be added to the talk page to supplement copyright attribution. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Content_forking" data-mw-thread-id="h-Content_forking-Specific_situations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Content_forking-Specific_situations"></span>Content forking<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Content_forking-Specific_situations"></span></h3></div> <p>There are also some situations in Wikipedia where copying may <i>not</i> be appropriate, such as if two articles are being created on the same subject because editors of the original cannot agree on the article's development. This is called "<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_forking" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Content forking">content forking</a>". The acceptable solution to disagreement on the development of an article is to seek <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">consensus</a> through <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution" title="Wikipedia:Dispute resolution">dispute resolution</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reusing_deleted_material" data-mw-thread-id="h-Reusing_deleted_material-Specific_situations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Reusing_deleted_material-Specific_situations"></span>Reusing deleted material<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Reusing_deleted_material-Specific_situations"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:RUD"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:RUD&redirect=no">WP:RUD</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>If an article is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy" title="Wikipedia:Deletion policy">deleted</a>, its history is removed and thus its content cannot be reused on Wikipedia—even under the same article title—unless attribution is otherwise provided (or the page <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:UNDELETE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:UNDELETE">undeleted</a>). Deleted articles may not be recovered and reused from <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mirrors_and_forks" title="Wikipedia:Mirrors and forks">Wikipedia mirrors</a>, online archives, or the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Viewing_and_restoring_deleted_pages" title="Wikipedia:Viewing and restoring deleted pages">view-deleted administrator right</a>. </p><p>It may sometimes be necessary to delete specific parts of an article's history for various reasons (copyright violations introduced but later excised; extreme personal attacks; personal information) through <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Selective_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Selective deletion">Selective History deletion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Revision_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Revision deletion">Revision Deletion</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oversight" title="Wikipedia:Oversight">Oversight</a>. If the article retains contributions placed by users in the deleted / oversighted revisions, those must be attributed. <a href="/wiki/Help:Dummy_edit" title="Help:Dummy edit">Dummy edits</a> should be used for this purpose, whenever practical; otherwise, talk page attribution will be necessary. A typical dummy edit summary could read, for instance <code>Revision deletion for reason XYZ: Article was started by and retains contributions from [[User:Example]], as well as contributions from [[User:Example2]] and [[User:Example3]]</code> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Userfication" data-mw-thread-id="h-Userfication-Specific_situations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Userfication-Specific_situations"></span>Userfication<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Userfication-Specific_situations"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:RUU"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:RUU&redirect=no">WP:RUU</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>If an article is "<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Userfication" title="Wikipedia:Userfication">userfied</a>"—copied or moved into <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_page" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:User page">user space</a>—it must be fully attributed. If an article is being moved to userspace to avoid deletion (or to work on after deletion), the full history should be visible (restored if necessary) and then moved using the move button. When copying all or part of an article to userspace, an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ES" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:ES">edit summary</a> like <code>creating page with content copied from revision 123456789 of [[article title]]</code> should be used. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Repairing_insufficient_attribution" data-mw-thread-id="h-Repairing_insufficient_attribution-Specific_situations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Repairing_insufficient_attribution-Specific_situations"></span>Repairing insufficient attribution<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Repairing_insufficient_attribution-Specific_situations"></span></h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:RIA" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RIANOVOSTI" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:RIANOVOSTI">WP:RIANOVOSTI</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:RIA"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:RIA&redirect=no">WP:RIA</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>While technically licensing violations are copyright violations, pages that contain unattributed text do not normally need to be deleted. Attribution can be belatedly supplied by the methods above, using <a href="/wiki/Help:Dummy_edit" title="Help:Dummy edit">dummy edits</a> to record new edit summaries. Such belated attribution should make clear when the relevant text entered the page. You can also identify problem articles, in particular complex cases that you cannot fix right away, by tagging the article itself with the templates <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:CWW" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:CWW">CWW</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> (for a single origin) and <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:CWW-multi" title="Template:CWW-multi">CWW-multi</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> (for articles with multiple origins). </p><p>For <b>copied material</b>, you may use an edit summary like this: </p> <dl><dd><code>NOTE: The previous edit as of 22:31, October 14, 2015, copied content from the Wikipedia page at [[Exact name of page copied from]]; see its history for attribution.</code></dd></dl> <p>For <b>translated material</b>, an edit summary like this: </p> <dl><dd><code>NOTE: Content in the edit of 01:25, January 25, 2023 was translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Exact name of French article]]; see its history for attribution.</code></dd></dl> <p>Suggestions for various other repair contexts are provided at <a href="/wiki/Help:Dummy_edit" title="Help:Dummy edit">Help:Dummy edit</a>. </p><p>The template <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unattributed_translation" title="Template:Unattributed translation">Unattributed translation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> is available to tag an article as needing attribution. When possible, the re-user should be notified of the proper procedures for copying and translating text between pages. The <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Uw-copying" title="Template:Uw-copying">uw-copying</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> and <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Uw-translation" title="Template:Uw-translation">uw-translation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> templates can be used to notify a user. The template <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Uw-c%26pmove" title="Template:Uw-c&pmove">uw-c&pmove</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> is available for addressing cut-and-paste moves. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Repairing_cut-and-paste_moves_of_a_page" data-mw-thread-id="h-Repairing_cut-and-paste_moves_of_a_page-Specific_situations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Repairing_cut-and-paste_moves_of_a_page-Specific_situations"></span>Repairing cut-and-paste moves of a page<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Repairing_cut-and-paste_moves_of_a_page-Specific_situations"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_fix_cut-and-paste_moves" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:How to fix cut-and-paste moves">Wikipedia:How to fix cut-and-paste moves</a></div> <p>If the entire contents of one page were relocated to another title via <a href="/wiki/Cut,_copy,_and_paste" title="Cut, copy, and paste">cutting and pasting</a>, leaving a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect" title="Wikipedia:Redirect">redirect</a> at the previous page, the licensing violation can be repaired through the use of the <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:History_merge" title="Template:History merge">history merge</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template. If the situation is more complex—for example, if a new article has developed at the source page on a subject with related title—the situation should be listed at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requests_for_history_merge" title="Wikipedia:Requests for history merge">Wikipedia:Requests for history merge</a> for administrator attention. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Alternatives" data-mw-thread-id="h-Alternatives"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Alternatives"></span>Alternatives<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Alternatives"></span></h2></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion">Transclusion</a></i> is an alternative for avoiding duplicating content by copying and pasting within Wikipedia. Automatic <a href="/wiki/Template:Excerpt" title="Template:Excerpt">excerpts</a> can help specially in following <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">summary style</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033199720">.mw-parser-output div.crossreference{padding-left:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference">(See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style#Using_excerpts_for_article_synchronization" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">using excerpts for article synchronization</a>.)</span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages#Content_copied_from_mainspace" title="Wikipedia:User pages">Wikipedia:User pages § Content copied from mainspace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_text_from_other_sources" title="Wikipedia:Copying text from other sources">Wikipedia:Copying text from other sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Adding_open_license_text_to_Wikipedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Adding open license text to Wikipedia">Wikipedia:Adding open license text to Wikipedia</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Circular" title="Template:Circular">Circular</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Notes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Notes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Notes"></span>Notes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Notes"></span></h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia&oldid=1256690213#Repairing_insufficient_attribution">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia&oldid=1256690213#Repairing_insufficient_attribution</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_editing_guidelines" title="Category:Wikipedia editing guidelines">Wikipedia editing guidelines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_copyright" title="Category:Wikipedia copyright">Wikipedia copyright</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_merging" title="Category:Wikipedia merging">Wikipedia merging</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_project_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia semi-protected project pages">Wikipedia semi-protected project pages</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 November 2024, at 03:31<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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