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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Device used to make and display dimensional measurements</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For non-dimensional gauges, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_measuring_instruments" title="List of measuring instruments">List of measuring instruments</a>.</div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">science</a> and <a href="/wiki/Engineering" title="Engineering">engineering</a>, a <b>dimensional gauge</b> or simply <b>gauge</b> is a device used to make <a href="/wiki/Measurement" title="Measurement">measurements</a> or to display certain <a href="/wiki/Physical_dimension" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical dimension">dimensional</a> information. A wide variety of tools exist which serve such functions, ranging from simple pieces of material against which sizes can be measured to complex pieces of machinery. Dimensional properties include thickness, gap in space, diameter of materials.<sup id="cite_ref-Herren_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herren-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hollembeak_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hollembeak-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Basic_types">Basic types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gauge_(instrument)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Basic types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All gauges can be divided into four main types, independent of their actual use. </p> <ol><li><b>Analogue instrument meter</b> with <i>analogue display</i> ("needles"). Until the later decades the most common basic type.<sup id="cite_ref-Hollembeak_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hollembeak-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Digital instrument meter</b> with <i>analogue display</i>. A screen that shows an "analogue meter", commonly used in modern aircraft cockpits, and some hospital equipment etc.</li> <li><b>Digital instrument meter</b> with <i>digital display</i>. Only numbers are shown at a digital display.</li> <li><b>Analogue instrument meter</b> with <i>digital display</i>. Only numbers are displayed, but through a mechanical or electro-mechanical display (today very rare but has existed for clocks, certain Doppler meters and informational screens at many stations and airports)</li></ol> <p>The two basic types with an analogue display are usually easier for the human eyes and brain to interpret, especially if many instrument meters must be read simultaneously. An <a href="/wiki/Indicator_(distance_amplifying_instrument)" title="Indicator (distance amplifying instrument)">indicator</a> or needle indicates the measurement on the gauge. The other two types are only displaying digits, which are more complex for humans to read and interpret. The ultimate example is cockpit instrumentation in aircraft. The flight instruments cannot display figures only, hence even in the most modern "glass-cockpits" where almost all instruments are displayed at screens, few figures are visible. Instead the screens display analogue meters. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gauge_(instrument)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Various types of dimensional gauges include: </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bore_gauge" title="Bore gauge">Bore gauge</a> </td> <td>a device used for measuring holes. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hole_gauge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hole gauge (page does not exist)">Hole gauge</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>used to gage internal dimensions of bores that are either too small in diameter for an inside micrometer, and have greater economy than a bore gage or other precision internal gage. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Caliper" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliper">Caliper</a> </td> <td>a device used to measure the distance between two opposing sides of an object. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Center_gauge" title="Center gauge">Center gauges</a> and fishtail gauges </td> <td>are engineering gauges used in <a href="/wiki/Lathe_(metal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lathe (metal)">lathe</a> work for checking the angles when grinding the profiles of <a href="/wiki/Screw_thread#Thread_cutting" title="Screw thread">single-point screw-cutting</a> <a href="/wiki/Tool_bit" title="Tool bit">tool bits</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lathe_center" title="Lathe center">centers</a>; coaxical centering gauges are used to center a rotary table against a <a href="/wiki/Drill_bit" title="Drill bit">drilling bit</a> in <a href="/wiki/Milling_(machining)" title="Milling (machining)">drilling mills</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clock" title="Clock">Clock</a> </td> <td>an instrument for measuring, keeping or indicating time </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comb_type_gage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comb type gage (page does not exist)">Comb type gage</a> </td> <td>a ruler-shaped gage with two supports at each of its six sides, having tabs of varying lengths. For measuring the comb gage is pushed perpendicular into the film using the measuring range that corresponds to the expected film thickness. The wet film thickness will fall between the clearance of the shortest tab that is wet and the clearance of the next shortest dry tab. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dial_indicator" class="mw-redirect" title="Dial indicator">Dial indicator</a>, also known as a dial test indicator, dial gauge, or probe indicator </td> <td>an instrument used to accurately measure small linear distances. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Feeler_gauge" title="Feeler gauge">Feeler gauge</a> </td> <td>a simple tool used to measure gap widths. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gauge_block" title="Gauge block">Gauge block</a>, (also known as a gage block, Johansson gauge, slip gauge, or Jo block) </td> <td>a precision ground and <a href="/wiki/Lapping" title="Lapping">lapped</a> length measuring standard. It is used as a reference for the setting of measuring equipment used in <a href="/wiki/Machine_shop" title="Machine shop">machine shops</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Micrometer_(device)" title="Micrometer (device)">micrometers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sine_bar" title="Sine bar">sine bars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calipers" title="Calipers">calipers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dial_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Dial gauge">dial indicators</a> (when used in an <a href="/wiki/Quality_control" title="Quality control">inspection role</a>). </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gauge_pin" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauge pin">Gauge pin</a> is similar to a gauge block. It is a precision ground cylindrical bar for use in <a href="/wiki/Go/no_go_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Go/no go gauge">Go/no go gauges</a> or similar applications. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Go/no_go_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Go/no go gauge">Go/no go gauge</a> </td> <td>an inspection tool used to check a workpiece against its allowed tolerances. Its name derives from its use: the gauge has two tests; the check involves the workpiece having to pass one test (<i>Go</i>) and fail the other (<i>No Go</i>). </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Grind_gage" class="mw-redirect" title="Grind gage">Grind gage</a> </td> <td>a flat steel block in the surface of which are two flat-bottomed grooves varying uniformly in depth from a maximum at one end of the block to zero near the other end. Groove depth is graduated on the block according to one or more scales used for measuring particle size. Most gages will have one scale marked in either mils or micrometers. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Load_cell" title="Load cell">Load cell</a> </td> <td>a <a href="/wiki/Transducer" title="Transducer">transducer</a> that is used to convert a <a href="/wiki/Force" title="Force">force</a> into <a href="/wiki/Electrical_signal" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical signal">electrical signal</a>. This conversion is indirect and happens in two stages. Through a mechanical arrangement, the force being sensed deforms a <a href="/wiki/Strain_gauge" title="Strain gauge">strain gauge</a>. The strain gauge converts the deformation (<a href="/wiki/Strain_(materials_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strain (materials science)">strain</a>) to electrical signals. A load cell usually consists of four strain gauges in a <a href="/wiki/Wheatstone_bridge" title="Wheatstone bridge">Wheatstone bridge</a> configuration. Load cells of one strain gauge (quarter bridge) or two strain gauges (half bridge) are also available. The electrical signal output is typically in the order of a few millivolts and requires amplification by an <a href="/wiki/Instrumentation_amplifier" title="Instrumentation amplifier">instrumentation amplifier</a> before it can be used. The output of the transducer is plugged into an <a href="/wiki/Algorithm" title="Algorithm">algorithm</a> to calculate the force applied to the transducer. </td></tr> <tr> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Linear_variable_differential_transformer" title="Linear variable differential transformer">linear variable differential transformer</a> (LVDT) </td> <td>a type of electrical transformer used for measuring linear displacement. The transformer has three solenoidal coils placed end-to-end around a tube. The center coil is the primary, and the two outer coils are the secondaries. A cylindrical ferromagnetic core, attached to the object whose position is to be measured, slides along the axis of the tube. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Micrometer_(device)" title="Micrometer (device)">micrometer</a>, sometimes known as a "micrometer screw gauge" </td> <td>a device incorporating a calibrated <a href="/wiki/Screw" title="Screw">screw</a> used widely for precise measurement of small distances in <a href="/wiki/Mechanical_engineering" title="Mechanical engineering">mechanical engineering</a> and <a href="/wiki/Machining" title="Machining">machining</a> as well as most mechanical trades, along with other <a href="/wiki/Metrology" title="Metrology">metrological</a> instruments such as <a href="/wiki/Caliper#Dial_caliper" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliper">dial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caliper#Vernier_caliper" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliper">vernier</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Caliper#Digital_caliper" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliper">digital calipers</a>. Micrometers are often, but not always, in the form of <a href="/wiki/Caliper" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliper">calipers</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Profile_gauge" title="Profile gauge">Profile gauge</a> or contour gauge </td> <td>a tool for recording the cross-sectional shape of a surface. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Radius_gauge" title="Radius gauge">Radius gauge</a>, also known as a fillet gauge </td> <td>a tool used to measure the radius of an object. Radius gauges require a bright light behind the object to be measured. The gauge is placed against the edge to be checked and any light leakage between the blade and edge indicates a mismatch that requires correction. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ring_gauge" title="Ring gauge">Ring gauge</a> </td> <td>a cylindrical ring of steel whose inside <a href="/wiki/Diameter" title="Diameter">diameter</a> is finished to gauge <a href="/wiki/Engineering_tolerance" title="Engineering tolerance">tolerance</a> and is used for checking the external diameter of a cylindrical object. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Strain_gauge" title="Strain gauge">Strain gauge</a> </td> <td>a device used to measure the <a href="/wiki/Deformation_(mechanics)#Strain" class="mw-redirect" title="Deformation (mechanics)">strain</a> of an object. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thread_pitch_gauge" title="Thread pitch gauge">Thread pitch gauge</a>, also called a threading gauge, pitch gauge, or screw gauge </td> <td>a device used to measure the pitch or lead of screw threads. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vernier_height_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Vernier height gauge">Vernier height gauge</a> </td> <td>a measuring device used either for determining the height of something, or for repetitious marking of items to be worked on. The former type of height gauge is often used in doctor's surgeries to find the height of people. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wire_gauge" title="Wire gauge">Wire gauge</a> </td> <td>measuring tool determines the thickness of a <a href="/wiki/Wire" title="Wire">wire</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gauge_(instrument)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dimensional_instruments" class="mw-redirect" title="Dimensional instruments">Dimensional instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geometric_dimensioning_and_tolerancing" title="Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing">Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gauge_(instrument)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Herren-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Herren_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ray Herren, <i>Agricultural Mechanics: Fundamentals & Applications</i> (2009), p. 109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hollembeak-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hollembeak_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hollembeak_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Barry Hollembeak, <i>Today's Technician: Automotive Electricity and Electronics</i> (2010).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.protool-ltd.co.uk/c/gauges/hole-gauge-h7">"Hole Gauge(H7)"</a>. <i>www.protool-ltd.co.uk</i>. Protool Ltd.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.protool-ltd.co.uk&rft.atitle=Hole+Gauge%28H7%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.protool-ltd.co.uk%2Fc%2Fgauges%2Fhole-gauge-h7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGauge+%28instrument%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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