CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="af" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Korrupsie - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )afwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","Januarie","Februarie","Maart","April","Mei","Junie","Julie","Augustus","September","Oktober","November","Desember"],"wgRequestId":"c17ea0be-8557-4d28-8684-af2e44409a9c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Korrupsie","wgTitle":"Korrupsie","wgCurRevisionId":2667214,"wgRevisionId":2667214,"wgArticleId":227790,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["AS1-bronne in Engels (en)","Artikels met BNF-identifiseerders","Artikels met GND-identifiseerders","Artikels met LCCN-identifiseerders","Artikels met NDL-identifiseerders","Artikels met NKC-identifiseerders","Normdata met 5 elemente","Gewilde saadjies","Korrupsie"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"af","wgPageContentLanguage":"af","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Korrupsie","wgRelevantArticleId":227790,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true, "wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"af","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"af"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":9000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q366","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth", "ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=af&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1074"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg/800px-Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="716"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg/640px-Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="573"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Korrupsie - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//af.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korrupsie"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Wysig" href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (af)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//af.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korrupsie"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.af"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atoomvoer" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Korrupsie rootpage-Korrupsie skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Gaan na inhoud</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hoofkieslys" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hoofkieslys</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hoofkieslys</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" title="Besoek die Tuisblad [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Tuisblad</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gebruikersportaal" title="Meer oor die projek, wat jy kan doen, nuttige skakels"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Geselshoekie" title="Agtergrondinligting oor aktuele sake"><span>Geselshoekie</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings" title="'n Lys van onlangse wysigings [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Onlangse wysigings</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Lukraak" title="Laai 'n lukrake bladsye [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Lukrake bladsy</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Vind meer uit oor iets"><span>Hulp</span></a></li><li id="n-Sandput" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sandput"><span>Sandput</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-af.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Soek" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Soek</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Deursoek Wikipedia" aria-label="Deursoek Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spesiaal:Soek"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Soek</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Korrupsie" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Korrupsie" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Korrupsie" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Korrupsie" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Skale_van_korrupsie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skale_van_korrupsie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Skale van korrupsie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Skale_van_korrupsie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Skale van korrupsie subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Skale_van_korrupsie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kleinlike_korrupsie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kleinlike_korrupsie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Kleinlike korrupsie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kleinlike_korrupsie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Groot_korrupsie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Groot_korrupsie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Groot korrupsie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Groot_korrupsie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sistemiese_korrupsie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sistemiese_korrupsie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Sistemiese korrupsie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sistemiese_korrupsie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Staatskaping" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Staatskaping"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Staatskaping</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Staatskaping-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sien_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sien_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sien ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sien_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Korrupsie</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 104 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-104" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">104 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Акоррупциа – Abkasies" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Акоррупциа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkasies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korruption" title="Korruption – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Korruption" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="فساد – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فساد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%89" title="فساد سياسى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فساد سياسى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korrupsiya" title="Korrupsiya – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Korrupsiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="فساد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فساد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Карупцыя – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Карупцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Карупцыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Карупцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Корупция – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Корупция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="দুর্নীতি – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দুর্নীতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breinadurezh" title="Breinadurezh – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Breinadurezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupcija" title="Korupcija – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Korupcija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrupci%C3%B3" title="Corrupció – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Corrupció" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%95%DA%B5%DB%8C" title="گەندەڵی – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گەندەڵی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupce" title="Korupce – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Korupce" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llygredigaeth" title="Llygredigaeth – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Llygredigaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korruption" title="Korruption – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Korruption" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korruption" title="Korruption – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Korruption" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%B7%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="ངན་ལྷད། – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ངན་ལྷད།" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC" title="Διαφθορά – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διαφθορά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Corruption" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupto" title="Korupto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Korupto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrupci%C3%B3n_(abuso_de_poder)" title="Corrupción (abuso de poder) – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Corrupción (abuso de poder)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korruptsioon" title="Korruptsioon – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Korruptsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustelkeria" title="Ustelkeria – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ustelkeria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="فساد – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فساد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korruptio" title="Korruptio – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Korruptio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Corruption" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korrupsje" title="Korrupsje – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Korrupsje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89illitheacht" title="Éillitheacht – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Éillitheacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrupci%C3%B3n" title="Corrupción – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Corrupción" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AD%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0" title="ભ્રષ્ટાચાર – Goedjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ભ્રષ્ટાચાર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Goedjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%AA" title="שחיתות – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שחיתות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_(%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3)" title="भ्रष्टाचार (आचरण) – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भ्रष्टाचार (आचरण)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupcija" title="Korupcija – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Korupcija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koripsyon" title="Koripsyon – Haïtiaans" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Koripsyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korrupci%C3%B3" title="Korrupció – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Korrupció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BA%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Կոռուպցիա – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոռուպցիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Corruption" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupsi" title="Korupsi – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Korupsi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spilling" title="Spilling – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Spilling" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruzione" title="Corruzione – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Corruzione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%9A%E8%81%B7" title="汚職 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="汚職" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupsi" title="Korupsi – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Korupsi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A4%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="კორუფცია – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კორუფცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korrupciya" title="Korrupciya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Korrupciya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BC%D2%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Жемқорлық – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жемқорлық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0" title="ಭ್ರಷ್ಟಾಚಾರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಭ್ರಷ್ಟಾಚಾರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%80%EC%A0%95%EB%B6%80%ED%8C%A8" title="부정부패 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="부정부패" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gendel%C3%AE" title="Gendelî – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gendelî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83" title="Пара алуу – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Пара алуу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruptio" title="Corruptio – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Corruptio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruptie" title="Corruptie – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Corruptie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruzion" title="Corruzion – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Corruzion" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupcija" title="Korupcija – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Korupcija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupcija" title="Korupcija – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Korupcija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolikoly" title="Kolikoly – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kolikoly" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Корупција – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Корупција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="അഴിമതി – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അഴിമതി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="भ्रष्टाचार – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="भ्रष्टाचार" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupsi" title="Korupsi – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Korupsi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="भ्रष्टाचार – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भ्रष्टाचार" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruptie" title="Corruptie – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Corruptie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korrupsjon" title="Korrupsjon – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Korrupsjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korrupsjon" title="Korrupsjon – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Korrupsjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrupcion" title="Corrupcion – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Corrupcion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾਚਾਰ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟਾਚਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupcja" title="Korupcja – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Korupcja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="فساد – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="فساد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrup%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Corrupção – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Corrupção" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corup%C8%9Bie" title="Corupție – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Corupție" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Коррупция – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Коррупция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0:" title="भ्रष्टाचार: – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="भ्रष्टाचार:" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Бэрик – Sakhaans" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Бэрик" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakhaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Corruption" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%B1%D9%BE%D8%B4%D9%86" title="ڪرپشن – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪرپشن" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupcija" title="Korupcija – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Korupcija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Corruption" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupcia" title="Korupcia – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Korupcia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupcija" title="Korupcija – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Korupcija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musuqmaasaq" title="Musuqmaasaq – Somalies" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Musuqmaasaq" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korrupsioni" title="Korrupsioni – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Korrupsioni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Корупција – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Корупција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilat" title="Basilat – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basilat" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korruption" title="Korruption – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Korruption" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ufisadi" title="Ufisadi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ufisadi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="ஊழல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஊழல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%82" title="లంచం – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="లంచం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Фасод – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фасод" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="การทุจริต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การทุจริต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korupsiyon" title="Korupsiyon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Korupsiyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yolsuzluk" title="Yolsuzluk – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yolsuzluk" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Коррупция – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Коррупция" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C9%9Bt%C9%9Basehy%C9%9B" title="Kɛtɛasehyɛ – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Kɛtɛasehyɛ" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Корупція – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Корупція" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="بدعنوانی – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بدعنوانی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korrupsiya" title="Korrupsiya – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Korrupsiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tham_nh%C5%A9ng" title="Tham nhũng – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tham nhũng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurapsyon" title="Kurapsyon – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kurapsyon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%AA%E6%B1%A1" title="贪污 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="贪污" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A4%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="კორუფცია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კორუფცია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cw%C3%A0_%C3%80j%E1%BA%B9b%C3%A1nu" title="Ìwà Àjẹbánu – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìwà Àjẹbánu" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%AA%E6%B1%A1" title="贪污 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="贪污" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%AA%E6%B1%A1" title="貪污 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="貪污" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q366#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Korrupsie" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Korrupsie" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Korrupsie"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Korrupsie"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Korrupsie" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Korrupsie" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&oldid=2667214" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Korrupsie&id=2667214&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKorrupsie"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKorrupsie"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Korrupsie"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Korrupsie&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Corruption" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q366" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><div style="max-width:300px;float:right;padding:0 0.4em;border:1px solid #aaa;margin:0 0 0.4em 0.4em"><div style="background-color:#bfbfbf;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding:0.5em 0;margin:0.5em 0;font-size:120%">Korrupsie</div><div><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg/300px-Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg/450px-Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg/600px-Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="991" data-file-height="887" /></a></span></div><table style="word-break:break-word;text-align:left;font-size:90%"><caption style="background-color:#bfbfbf;font-weight:bold;text-transform:capitalize;margin-top:0.2em"></caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row">Subklas van</th><td style="text-transform:capitalize"><span><span>onregmatige optrede</span></span><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366#P279" title="Wysig"><img alt="Wysig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/5px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/8px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Onderdeel van</th><td style="text-transform:capitalize"><span><span>misbruik</span></span><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366#P361" title="Wysig"><img alt="Wysig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/5px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/8px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Gekarakteriseer deur</th><td style="text-transform:capitalize"><span><span>Kwaad</span></span><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366#P1552" title="Wysig"><img alt="Wysig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/5px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/8px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Manifestasie van</th><td style="text-transform:capitalize"><span><span>bestuursmislukking</span></span><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366#P1557" title="Wysig"><img alt="Wysig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/5px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/8px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Behandel, beperk, of bestuur deur</th><td style="text-transform:capitalize"><span><span>staatsbestuur</span></span><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366#P11738" title="Wysig"><img alt="Wysig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/5px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/8px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Teenoorgestelde van</th><td style="text-transform:capitalize"><span><span>anti-korrupsie</span></span><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366#P461" title="Wysig"><img alt="Wysig" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/5px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/8px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Say_no_to_bribes_in_Chipata,_Zambia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Say_no_to_bribes_in_Chipata%2C_Zambia.jpg/220px-Say_no_to_bribes_in_Chipata%2C_Zambia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Say_no_to_bribes_in_Chipata%2C_Zambia.jpg/330px-Say_no_to_bribes_in_Chipata%2C_Zambia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Say_no_to_bribes_in_Chipata%2C_Zambia.jpg/440px-Say_no_to_bribes_in_Chipata%2C_Zambia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2044" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption>'n bord in <a href="/wiki/Zambi%C3%AB" title="Zambië">Zambië</a> vermaan die publiek om "Net nee te sê vir korrupsie"</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:UNCAC_1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/UNCAC_1.png/220px-UNCAC_1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/UNCAC_1.png/330px-UNCAC_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/UNCAC_1.png/440px-UNCAC_1.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="647" /></a><figcaption>Verenigde Konvensies teen korrupsie</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:10_-_hands_shaking_with_euro_bank_notes_inside_handshake_-_royalty_free,_without_copyright,_public_domain_photo_image_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/10_-_hands_shaking_with_euro_bank_notes_inside_handshake_-_royalty_free%2C_without_copyright%2C_public_domain_photo_image_01.JPG/220px-10_-_hands_shaking_with_euro_bank_notes_inside_handshake_-_royalty_free%2C_without_copyright%2C_public_domain_photo_image_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/10_-_hands_shaking_with_euro_bank_notes_inside_handshake_-_royalty_free%2C_without_copyright%2C_public_domain_photo_image_01.JPG/330px-10_-_hands_shaking_with_euro_bank_notes_inside_handshake_-_royalty_free%2C_without_copyright%2C_public_domain_photo_image_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/10_-_hands_shaking_with_euro_bank_notes_inside_handshake_-_royalty_free%2C_without_copyright%2C_public_domain_photo_image_01.JPG/440px-10_-_hands_shaking_with_euro_bank_notes_inside_handshake_-_royalty_free%2C_without_copyright%2C_public_domain_photo_image_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5456" data-file-height="3632" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Omkopery" title="Omkopery">Omkopery</a> is 'n algemene vorm van korrupsie.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Korrupsie</b> is 'n vorm van oneerlikheid of kriminele aktiwiteit wat onderneem word deur 'n persoon of organisasie wat 'n gesagsposisie het, dikwels om onwettige voordeel te bekom.<sup id="cite_ref-thelawdictionary_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thelawdictionary-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Korrupsie kan baie aktiwiteite insluit, byvoorbeeld <a href="/wiki/Omkopery" title="Omkopery">omkopery</a> en verduistering, alhoewel dit ook praktyke kan insluit wat in baie lande wettig is.<sup id="cite_ref-wb-wetting_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wb-wetting-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Politieke korrupsie vind plaas wanneer 'n kantoorhouer of ander regeringswerknemer in 'n amptelike kapasiteit vir persoonlike gewin optree. Korrupsie kom voor meestal in <a href="/wiki/Kleptokrasie" title="Kleptokrasie">kleptokrasies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oligargie" title="Oligargie">oligargies</a>, narco-state en mafia state. </p><p>Korrupsie kan op verskillende skale voorkom. Korrupsie wissel van klein gunste tussen 'n klein aantal mense (kleinlikke korrupsie)<sup id="cite_ref-Elliott_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elliott-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, tot korrupsie wat die regering op groot skaal beïnvloed (groot korrupsie), en korrupsie wat so algemeen voorkom dat dit deel is van die alledaagse samelewingstruktuur, insluitend korrupsie as een van die simptome van georganiseerde misdaad. Korrupsie en misdaad is endemiese sosiologiese gebeure wat in wisselende mate en proporsies in feitlik alle lande op 'n wêreldwye skaal voorkom. Individuele nasies ken elk huishoudelike hulpbronne toe vir die beheer en regulering van korrupsie en misdaad. Strategieë ter bestryding van korrupsie word dikwels onder die sambreel van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-korrupsie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anti-korrupsie (bladsy bestaan nie)">anti-korrupsie</a> opgesom. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skale_van_korrupsie">Skale van korrupsie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Skale van korrupsie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Skale van korrupsie"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kleinlike_korrupsie">Kleinlike korrupsie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Kleinlike korrupsie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kleinlike korrupsie"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Kleinlike korrupsie</b> gebeur op 'n kleiner skaal en vind plaas by die implementering einde van openbare dienste wanneer openbare amptenare die publiek ontmoet. Byvoorbeeld, in baie klein plekke soos registrasiekantore, polisiekantore, staatslisensierade,<sup id="cite_ref-justia-22397_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-justia-22397-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-supremecourt-13-534_19m2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-supremecourt-13-534_19m2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en baie ander private en regeringsektore. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Groot_korrupsie">Groot korrupsie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Groot korrupsie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Groot korrupsie"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Groot korrupsie</b> word gedefinieer as korrupsie wat op die hoogste vlakke van regering plaasvind op 'n manier wat aansienlike onderverdeling van die politieke, wetlike en ekonomiese stelsels vereis.Sulke korrupsie kom algemeen voor in lande met outoritêre of diktatoriese regerings, maar ook in diegene sonder voldoende polisiëring van korrupsie.<sup id="cite_ref-unodc-2016-002-1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unodc-2016-002-1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die regeringstelsel in baie lande word verdeel in die takke van die wetgewende, uitvoerende en regbank in 'n poging om onafhanklike dienste te lewer wat minder onderhewig is aan groot korrupsie as gevolg van hul onafhanklikheid van mekaar.<sup id="cite_ref-projects.iq.harvard.edu-altlassen_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-projects.iq.harvard.edu-altlassen-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sistemiese_korrupsie">Sistemiese korrupsie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Sistemiese korrupsie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Sistemiese korrupsie"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Sistemiese korrupsie</b> (of endemiese korrupsie)<sup id="cite_ref-u4no_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-u4no-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is korrupsie wat hoofsaaklik te wyte is aan die swakpunte van 'n organisasie of proses. Dit kan gekontrasteer word met individuele amptenare of agente wat korrup in die stelsel optree. </p><p>Faktore wat sistemiese korrupsie aanmoedig, sluit in konflik van belange, diskresionêre magte; monopolistiese magte; gebrek aan deursigtigheid; lae salarisse; en 'n kultuur van straffeloosheid.<sup id="cite_ref-978-1-931003-11-7_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-978-1-931003-11-7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spesifieke dade van korrupsie sluit in "omkopery, afpersing en verduistering" in 'n stelsel waar "korrupsie die reël word, eerder as die uitsondering."<sup id="cite_ref-978-0-7546-7682-9_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-978-0-7546-7682-9-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geleerdes onderskei tussen gesentraliseerde en gedesentraliseerde sistemiese korrupsie, afhangende van watter vlak van staats- of owerheidskorrupsie plaasvind; In lande soos die post-Sowjet-state vind beide tipes plaas.<sup id="cite_ref-978-0-8157-0329-7_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-978-0-8157-0329-7-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Staatskaping">Staatskaping</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Staatskaping" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Staatskaping"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>'n Vorm van groot en sistemiese korrupsie kan <a href="/wiki/Staatskaping" title="Staatskaping">staatskaping</a> insluit. Staatskaping is 'n soort sistemiese politieke korrupsie waarin private belange tot hul eie voordeel 'n staat se besluitnemingsprosesse aansienlik beïnvloed. Die term 'staatskaping' is die eerste keer gebruik deur die <a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAreldbank" title="Wêreldbank">Wêreldbank</a> (c 2000) om die situasie in <a href="/wiki/Sentraal-Asi%C3%AB" title="Sentraal-Asië">Sentraal-Asië</a> te beskryf wat die oorgang van Sowjetkommunisme gemaak het. Dit is spesifiek toegepas op situasies waar klein korrupte groepe hul invloed op regeringsamptenare gebruik het om toepaslike regeringsbesluite te neem ten einde hul eie ekonomiese posisies te versterk; hierdie groepe sou later bekend staan as <a href="/wiki/Russiese_oligarg" title="Russiese oligarg">oligarge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-978-1-78360-904-8_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-978-1-78360-904-8-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sien_ook">Sien ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Sien ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Sien ook"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kollusie" title="Kollusie">Kollusie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omkopery" title="Omkopery">Omkopery</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-thelawdictionary-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-thelawdictionary_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelawdictionary.org/corruption/">Black's Law Dictionary</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wb-wetting-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wb-wetting_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWBIGOVANTCOR/Resources/Legal_Corruption.pdf">"Legal Corruption"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>siteresources.worldbank.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=siteresources.worldbank.org&rft.atitle=Legal+Corruption&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsiteresources.worldbank.org%2FINTWBIGOVANTCOR%2FResources%2FLegal_Corruption.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKorrupsie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Elliott-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Elliott_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFElliott1950" class="citation journal cs1">Elliott, Kimberly Ann (1950). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://piie.com/publications/chapters_preview/12/10ie2334.pdf">"Corruption as an international policy problem: overview and recommendations"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington%2C+DC%3A+Institute+for+International+Economics&rft.atitle=Corruption+as+an+international+policy+problem%3A+overview+and+recommendations&rft.date=1950&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Kimberly+Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpiie.com%2Fpublications%2Fchapters_preview%2F12%2F10ie2334.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKorrupsie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-justia-22397-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-justia-22397_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.justia.com/cases/nevada/supreme-court/1993/22397-1.html">"Mishler v. State Bd. of Med. Examiners"</a>. <i>Justia Law</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190507052619/https://law.justia.com/cases/nevada/supreme-court/1993/22397-1.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 7 Mei 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Justia+Law&rft.atitle=Mishler+v.+State+Bd.+of+Med.+Examiners&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaw.justia.com%2Fcases%2Fnevada%2Fsupreme-court%2F1993%2F22397-1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKorrupsie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-supremecourt-13-534_19m2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-supremecourt-13-534_19m2_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/14pdf/13-534_19m2.pdf">"Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>supremecourt.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=supremecourt.org&rft.atitle=Report&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.supremecourt.gov%2Fopinions%2F14pdf%2F13-534_19m2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKorrupsie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-unodc-2016-002-1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-unodc-2016-002-1_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unodc.org/documents/NGO/Grand_Corruption_definition_with_explanation_19_August_2016_002_1.pdf">"Material on Grand corruption"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Nations+Office+on+Drugs+and+Crime&rft.atitle=Material+on+Grand+corruption&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unodc.org%2Fdocuments%2FNGO%2FGrand_Corruption_definition_with_explanation_19_August_2016_002_1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKorrupsie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-projects.iq.harvard.edu-altlassen-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-projects.iq.harvard.edu-altlassen_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFAlt" class="citation web cs1">Alt, James. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151203043655/http://projects.iq.harvard.edu/gov2126/files/altlassen.pdf">"Political And Judicial Checks On Corruption: Evidence From American State Governments"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Projects at Harvard</i>. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.projects.iq.harvard.edu/gov2126/files/altlassen.pdf">die oorspronklike</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> op 3 Desember 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Projects+at+Harvard&rft.atitle=Political+And+Judicial+Checks+On+Corruption%3A+Evidence+From+American+State+Governments&rft.aulast=Alt&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.projects.iq.harvard.edu%2Fgov2126%2Ffiles%2Faltlassen.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKorrupsie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-u4no-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-u4no_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180120145500/http://www.u4.no/glossary">"Glossary"</a> (in Engels). U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.u4.no/glossary/">die oorspronklike</a> op 20 Januarie 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">26 Junie</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Glossary&rft.pub=U4+Anti-Corruption+Resource+Centre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.u4.no%2Fglossary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKorrupsie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-978-1-931003-11-7-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-978-1-931003-11-7_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFLorena_Alcazar,_Raul_Andrade2001" class="citation book cs1">Lorena Alcazar, Raul Andrade (2001). <i>Diagnosis corruption</i>. pp. 135–136. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-931003-11-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-931003-11-7"><bdi>978-1-931003-11-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diagnosis+corruption&rft.pages=135-136&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-931003-11-7&rft.au=Lorena+Alcazar%2C+Raul+Andrade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKorrupsie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-978-0-7546-7682-9-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-978-0-7546-7682-9_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFZnoj2009" class="citation book cs1">Znoj, Heinzpeter (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P52bOZFExesC&pg=PA53">"Deep Corruption in Indonesia: Discourses, Practices, Histories"</a>. In Monique Nuijten, Gerhard Anders (red.). <i>Corruption and the secret of law: a legal anthropological perspective</i>. Ashgate. pp. 53–54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7546-7682-9" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7546-7682-9"><bdi>978-0-7546-7682-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Deep+Corruption+in+Indonesia%3A+Discourses%2C+Practices%2C+Histories&rft.btitle=Corruption+and+the+secret+of+law%3A+a+legal+anthropological+perspective&rft.pages=53-54&rft.pub=Ashgate&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-7682-9&rft.aulast=Znoj&rft.aufirst=Heinzpeter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP52bOZFExesC%26pg%3DPA53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKorrupsie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-978-0-8157-0329-7-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-978-0-8157-0329-7_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFLegvold2009" class="citation book cs1">Legvold, Robert (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8rRCB7qYuwMC&pg=PA197">"Corruption, the Criminalized State, and Post-Soviet Transitions"</a>. In Robert I. Rotberg (red.). <i>Corruption, global security, and world orde</i>. Brookings Institution. p. 197. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-8157-0329-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-8157-0329-7"><bdi>978-0-8157-0329-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Corruption%2C+the+Criminalized+State%2C+and+Post-Soviet+Transitions&rft.btitle=Corruption%2C+global+security%2C+and+world+orde&rft.pages=197&rft.pub=Brookings+Institution&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8157-0329-7&rft.aulast=Legvold&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8rRCB7qYuwMC%26pg%3DPA197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKorrupsie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-978-1-78360-904-8-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-978-1-78360-904-8_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFCrabtreeDurand2017" class="citation book cs1">Crabtree, John; Durand, Francisco (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.za/books?hl=en&lr=&id=wJDhDgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT8&dq=%22state+capture%22&ots=8kplIzdID1&sig=JcVONGmjfhSwfJXI2PkaCN3_ha0#v=onepage&q=%22state%20capture%22&f=false"><i>Peru: Elite Power and Political Capture</i></a>. London, United Kingdom: Zed Books Ltd. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-78360-904-8" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-78360-904-8"><bdi>978-1-78360-904-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peru%3A+Elite+Power+and+Political+Capture&rft.place=London%2C+United+Kingdom&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Zed+Books+Ltd.&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-78360-904-8&rft.aulast=Crabtree&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Durand%2C+Francisco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.za%2Fbooks%3Fhl%3Den%26lr%3D%26id%3DwJDhDgAAQBAJ%26oi%3Dfnd%26pg%3DPT8%26dq%3D%2522state%2Bcapture%2522%26ots%3D8kplIzdID1%26sig%3DJcVONGmjfhSwfJXI2PkaCN3_ha0%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%2522state%2520capture%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKorrupsie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons logo"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> het meer media in die kategorie <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Corruption" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Corruption">Korrupsie</a>.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12011363m">cb12011363m</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12011363m">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4032524-6">4032524-6</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh94002193">sh94002193</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01190265">01190265</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph121881&CON_LNG=ENG">ph121881</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ontsluit van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&oldid=2667214">https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&oldid=2667214</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Kategorie%C3%AB" title="Spesiaal:Kategorieë">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Korrupsie" title="Kategorie:Korrupsie">Korrupsie</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Versteekte kategorieë: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-bronne_in_Engels_(en)" title="Kategorie:AS1-bronne in Engels (en)">AS1-bronne in Engels (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_BNF-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met BNF-identifiseerders">Artikels met BNF-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_GND-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met GND-identifiseerders">Artikels met GND-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_LCCN-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met LCCN-identifiseerders">Artikels met LCCN-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_NDL-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met NDL-identifiseerders">Artikels met NDL-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Artikels_met_NKC-identifiseerders" title="Kategorie:Artikels met NKC-identifiseerders">Artikels met NKC-identifiseerders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Normdata_met_5_elemente" title="Kategorie:Normdata met 5 elemente">Normdata met 5 elemente</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Gewilde_saadjies" title="Kategorie:Gewilde saadjies">Gewilde saadjies</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Die bladsy is laas op 30 April 2024 om 11:04 bygewerk.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Die teks is beskikbaar onder die lisensie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Erkenning-Insgelyks Deel</a>. Aanvullende voorwaardes kan moontlik ook van toepassing wees. Sien die <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Algemene Voorwaardes</a> vir meer inligting.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privaatheidsbeleid</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Oor">Inligting oor Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Voorwaardes">Vrywaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Gedragskode</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Ontwikkelaars</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/af.wikipedia.org">Statistieke</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Koekieverklaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//af.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Korrupsie&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Selfoonweergawe</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-x4q2f","wgBackendResponseTime":211,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.274","walltime":"0.369","ppvisitednodes":{"value":710,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":26815,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":412,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":6,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":45399,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 312.869 1 -total"," 52.67% 164.797 1 Sjabloon:Verwysings"," 33.71% 105.467 6 Sjabloon:Cite_web"," 28.41% 88.889 1 Sjabloon:Databoks"," 15.08% 47.191 1 Sjabloon:Normdata"," 7.78% 24.332 4 Sjabloon:Cite_book"," 3.21% 10.048 1 Sjabloon:Cite_journal"," 1.36% 4.240 1 Sjabloon:En"," 1.21% 3.774 1 Sjabloon:Commons-kategorie_inlyn"," 0.61% 1.898 1 Sjabloon:Taalaanduiding"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.171","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4413888,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-68b5f87cfc-4gckc","timestamp":"20241118154941","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Korrupsie","url":"https:\/\/af.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korrupsie","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q366","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q366","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2018-12-19T06:44:14Z","dateModified":"2024-04-30T11:04:25Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/64\/Campaign_Contributions_Cause_Colossal_Crimes_-1924_cartoon.jpg","headline":"vorm van oneerlikheid of kriminele oortreding onderneem deur 'n persoon of organisasie wat met 'n gesagsposisie toevertrou is, om onwettige voordeel te verkry of mag te misbruik vir 'n mens se private gewin"}</script> </body> </html>