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</a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Origins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Origins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Longobard_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Longobard_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Longobard period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Longobard_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Norman_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Norman_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Norman period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Norman_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hohenstaufen_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hohenstaufen_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Hohenstaufen period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hohenstaufen_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_modern_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_modern_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Early modern period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_modern_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Spanish_domination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish_domination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Spanish domination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanish_domination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_modern_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_modern_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Late modern period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_modern_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Napoleonic_domination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Napoleonic_domination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Napoleonic domination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Napoleonic_domination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bourbon_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bourbon_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Bourbon rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bourbon_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italian_Unification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italian_Unification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>Italian Unification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italian_Unification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Main sights</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Main sights subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religious_architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Religious architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Church_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Church_of_the_Immaculate_Conception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Church of the Immaculate Conception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Church_of_the_Immaculate_Conception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Church_of_St._Peter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Church_of_St._Peter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Church of St. Peter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Church_of_St._Peter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Church_of_the_Madonna_delle_Grazie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Church_of_the_Madonna_delle_Grazie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Church of the Madonna delle Grazie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Church_of_the_Madonna_delle_Grazie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civil_architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Civil architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Convent_of_San_Sebastiano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Convent_of_San_Sebastiano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Convent of San Sebastiano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Convent_of_San_Sebastiano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Squares" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Squares"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Squares</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Squares-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Piazza_Alfonso_Splendore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Piazza_Alfonso_Splendore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Piazza Alfonso Splendore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Piazza_Alfonso_Splendore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Piazza_Aldo_Moro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Piazza_Aldo_Moro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Piazza Aldo Moro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Piazza_Aldo_Moro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Museums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Museo_della_civiltà_contadina_di_Vincenzo_de_Rose" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museo_della_civiltà_contadina_di_Vincenzo_de_Rose"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Museo della civiltà contadina di Vincenzo de Rose</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museo_della_civiltà_contadina_di_Vincenzo_de_Rose-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anthropic_geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anthropic_geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Anthropic geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Anthropic_geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Anthropic geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Anthropic_geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fractions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fractions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Fractions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fractions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fagnano Castello</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88" title="فانيانو كاستيلو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فانيانو كاستيلو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88" title="فانیانو کاستلو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فانیانو کاستلو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Фаняно Кастело – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фаняно Кастело" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello_(munisipyo)" title="Fagnano Castello (munisipyo) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Fagnano Castello (munisipyo)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88" title="فانیانو کاستلو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فانیانو کاستلو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8_%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%B8" title="Ֆանյանո Կաստելո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆանյանո Կաստելո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Фаньяно-Кастелло – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фаньяно-Кастелло" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnanum_(Bruttium)" title="Fagnanum (Bruttium) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fagnanum (Bruttium)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%83%E3%83%AD" title="ファニャーノ・カステッロ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ファニャーノ・カステッロ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Фаньяно-Кастелло – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Фаньяно-Кастелло" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Фаньяно-Кастелло – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фаньяно-Кастелло" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnanu" title="Fagnanu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Fagnanu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Фањано Кастело – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фањано Кастело" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello,_Cosenza" title="Fagnano Castello, Cosenza – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fagnano Castello, Cosenza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castelle" title="Fagnano Castelle – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Fagnano Castelle" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Фаньяно-Кастелло – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фаньяно-Кастелло" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Фаньяно-Кастелло – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фаньяно-Кастелло" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88" title="فاگنانو کاسٹیلو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فاگنانو کاسٹیلو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagnano_Castello" title="Fagnano Castello – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Fagnano Castello" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%BA%E5%A0%A1" title="法尼亚诺堡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法尼亚诺堡" 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id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fagnano_Castello&params=39_34_N_16_03_E_region:IT_type:city(3371)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°34′N</span> <span class="longitude">16°03′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.567°N 16.050°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.567; 16.050</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Comune in Calabria, Italy</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Fagnano Castello</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">Comune</a></i></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Comune di Fagnano Castello</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fagnano_Castello.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panoramic photo of Fagnano Castello"><img alt="Panoramic photo of Fagnano Castello" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Fagnano_Castello.jpg/250px-Fagnano_Castello.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Fagnano_Castello.jpg/375px-Fagnano_Castello.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Fagnano_Castello.jpg/500px-Fagnano_Castello.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Panoramic photo of Fagnano Castello</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; height:5px;">Location of Fagnano Castello</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <div class="center" style="margin-top:1em"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="11" data-overlays="["_00b2112a52df7d41c453cf9640f719630dd9af8e"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,11,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Fagnano_Castello&revid=1250796635&groups=_00b2112a52df7d41c453cf9640f719630dd9af8e" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,11,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Fagnano_Castello&revid=1250796635&groups=_00b2112a52df7d41c453cf9640f719630dd9af8e 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fagnano Castello is located in Italy"><img alt="Fagnano Castello is located in Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg/250px-Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg/375px-Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg/500px-Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1034" data-file-height="1299" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:64.736%;left:76.953%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fagnano Castello"><img alt="Fagnano Castello" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Fagnano Castello</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of Fagnano Castello in Italy</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Italy</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italy_Calabria_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fagnano Castello is located in Calabria"><img alt="Fagnano Castello is located in Calabria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Italy_Calabria_location_map.svg/250px-Italy_Calabria_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Italy_Calabria_location_map.svg/375px-Italy_Calabria_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Italy_Calabria_location_map.svg/500px-Italy_Calabria_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="794" data-file-height="878" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:26.375%;left:37.5%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fagnano Castello"><img alt="Fagnano Castello" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Fagnano Castello</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Fagnano Castello (Calabria)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Calabria</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fagnano_Castello&params=39_34_N_16_03_E_region:IT_type:city(3371)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°34′N</span> <span class="longitude">16°03′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.567°N 16.050°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.567; 16.050</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Italy" title="Provinces of Italy">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Cosenza" title="Province of Cosenza">Cosenza</a> (CS)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Frazione" title="Frazione">Frazioni</a></i></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><b></b>Cafaro, Carbonaro, Ferraro, Mallamo, Martino, Mirabella, Policarette, Rinacchio, San Lauro, Sant'Angelo</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Raffaele Giglio (<a href="/wiki/Civic_list_(Italy)" title="Civic list (Italy)">Lista civica</a> <i>Fagnano Attiva e Solidale</i>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-16139ca327c50d72c40d8c5fd3abe706b989650e-v18_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-16139ca327c50d72c40d8c5fd3abe706b989650e-v18-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">29.67 km<sup>2</sup> (11.46 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">516 m (1,693 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(31 April 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-istat_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-istat-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,371</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">110/km<sup>2</sup> (290/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Fagnanesi</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">87013</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_dialling_codes_in_Italy" title="List of dialling codes in Italy">Dialing code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0984</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Statistics_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute of Statistics (Italy)">ISTAT</a> code</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ottomilacensus.istat.it/comune/078/078051">078051 </a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Patron saint</th><td class="infobox-data">St. Sebastian</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Saint day</th><td class="infobox-data">January 20</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comune.fagnanocastello.cs.it/">Official website</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Fagnano Castello</b> is a town and <i><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">comune</a></i> in the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Cosenza" title="Province of Cosenza">province of Cosenza</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a> region of southern <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. Fagnano Castello is located on Mount Caloria, part of the Coastal mountain range of Calabria, about an hour north of <a href="/wiki/Cosenza" title="Cosenza">Cosenza</a>. </p><p>The town's big annual festival is the Sagra Della Castagna (Festival of <a href="/wiki/Chestnuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Chestnuts">Chestnuts</a>), celebrating the annual chestnut harvest around the last week of October with live music, free roasted chestnuts in the village square, and homemade desserts made out of chestnuts. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins_of_the_name">Origins of the name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins of the name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origin of the name Fagnano Castello is still a source of discussion and various hypotheses have been formulated around it. </p><p>An interesting hypothesis was created by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vincenzo_Padula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vincenzo Padula (page does not exist)">Vincenzo Padula</a>, in his work <i>Protogea</i>. He hypothesized that the etymology of Fagnano could be traced back to the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew language</a> and was correlated to the mountain morphology of its territory;<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for Padula, the "<i>agnano</i>" of <i>Fagnano</i> could be traced back to the Hebrew "<i>hanan</i>", fog, cloud. </p><p>The most accepted hypothesis is the one made by <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Rohlfs" title="Gerhard Rohlfs">Gerhard Rohlfs</a>. A German glottologist, and also a great expert on southern Italy, finds the origin of the name in the Latin expression <i>Fannianum Praedium</i> (property of Fannius).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another accepted hypothesis considers the origins of the town's name to derive from the <a href="/wiki/Fagus" class="mw-redirect" title="Fagus">beech</a> (Faggio in Italian), which dominates the local fauna. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girolamo_Marafioti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Girolamo Marafioti (page does not exist)">Girolamo Marafioti</a>, a humanist and historian who lived from 1567 to 1626, in <i>Le Croniche et antichità di Calabria</i> (Chronicles and antiquities of Calabria) tells us about a small village near <i>Cidraro</i> (<a href="/wiki/Cetraro" title="Cetraro">Cetraro</a>), called <i>Castel Fagiano</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regarding the Castello (castle) of the town (which was probably a tower), it was probably built by the <a href="/wiki/Normans" title="Normans">Normans</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Lombards" title="Lombards">Longobards</a> like the ones in the close towns of <a href="/wiki/Malvito" title="Malvito">Malvito</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Marco_Argentano" title="San Marco Argentano">San Marco Argentano</a>. It is not known where the actual tower really is, as the memory of its location was lost in time. There are many locations where it could have been: some remains of a tower can be found in a private property in the frazione of Rinacchio, while another place where the tower might have been is in Via Vittorio Emanuele, where a part of a small medieval wall can be found. Most likely, this tower was still standing after 1861, as the name Castello was added to distinguish Fagnano from other towns of the same name in Italy after the unification of the country. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are many theories and legends about the founding of Fagnano Castello. One says that the town was founded by some inhabitants fleeing from the close town of <a href="/wiki/Malvito" title="Malvito">Malvito</a> after killing the Prince whose tyranny they did not accept. But after some studies, conducted by the architect Gennaro Sinimarco who also wrote a book about it: <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, it was found that it is true that some inhabitants of <a href="/wiki/Malvito" title="Malvito">Malvito</a> have escaped from their country, but the Fagnano community had already been present in the area for some time. To confirm the hypothesis, some coins dating back to the <a href="/wiki/Second_Punic_War" title="Second Punic War">Second Punic War</a> were found on which the wording "Fannius et Fili" is "printed". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Longobard_period">Longobard period</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Longobard period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the dominion of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">Longobard Kingdom</a>, the Fagnanesi were subjects of the <a href="/wiki/Gastald" title="Gastald">Gastald</a> of Malvito.<sup id="cite_ref-ref_C_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_C-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The people of Fagnano were harassed by the Gastald to whom they owed heavy tributes, which generated some rebellion, but were violently supplanted.<sup id="cite_ref-ref_C_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_C-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Norman_period">Norman period</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Norman period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1050" title="1050">1050</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_southern_Italy" title="Norman conquest of southern Italy">Norman conquest of southern Italy</a>, Fagnano became part of the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Apulia_and_Calabria" title="County of Apulia and Calabria">County of Apulia and Calabria</a> under the guide of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Guiscard" title="Robert Guiscard">Robert Guiscard</a>. And so a period of discreet peace arrived in Fagnano. In <a href="/wiki/1096" title="1096">1096</a>, ten or twelve soldiers from Fagnano followed <a href="/wiki/Bohemond_I_of_Antioch" title="Bohemond I of Antioch">Bohemond I of Antioch</a>, who was born in the close town of San Marco Argentano, into the <a href="/wiki/First_Crusade" title="First Crusade">first crusade</a>, and probably succumbed during the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Antioch" title="Siege of Antioch">Siege of Antioch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/1147" title="1147">1147</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_II_of_Sicily" title="Roger II of Sicily">Roger II</a>, king of Sicily, divided Calabria into two <a href="/wiki/Giustizierato" class="mw-redirect" title="Giustizierato">Giustizierati</a> and Fagnano became part of the Justiciarate of Calabria Citeriore.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hohenstaufen_period">Hohenstaufen period</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Hohenstaufen period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the rule of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II</a>, exactly in <a href="/wiki/1214" title="1214">1214</a> and <a href="/wiki/1230" title="1230">1230</a>, Fagnano Castello was hit by two earthquakes that destroyed it. In the following spring the town was also invaded by <a href="/wiki/Locusta_migratoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Locusta migratoria">locusts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time Fagnano was subjected to the authority of the bishop baron of San Marco who also exercised feudal rights over the lands of San Lauro and Ioggi and depended on Ruperto di <a href="/wiki/Tarsia" title="Tarsia">Tarsia</a> for civil administration. Only with the bull of 10 June 1340 of the pontiff <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XII" title="Pope Benedict XII">Benedict XII</a> from <a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a>, the bishop of San Marco was deprived of feudal rights.<sup id="cite_ref-ref_D_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_D-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_modern_period">Early modern period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Early modern period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Spanish_domination">Spanish domination</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Spanish domination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 6 October 1492, <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Naples" title="Ferdinand I of Naples">Ferdinand I of Naples</a> granted Fagnano and Ioggi as a fief to Bernardino <a href="/wiki/Sanseverino_(family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanseverino (family)">Sanseverino</a>, Prince of <a href="/wiki/Bisignano" title="Bisignano">Bisignano</a>. Prince Bernardino I had proceeded with the construction of the feudal palace in Fagnano, currently located in the Piazza Splendore, when Fagnano, full of huts, built with clay and branches, with few modest brick houses began to arise.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His heir Pietrantonio Sanseverino, married to Erina <a href="/wiki/House_of_Kastrioti" title="House of Kastrioti">Kastriota Skanderberg</a> of <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanian</a> origins, maintained order and defense in his fiefdoms. He also participated, distinguishing himself, in the wars that <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Spain" title="Habsburg Spain">Spain</a> moved under the emperor <a href="/wiki/Charles_V_of_Habsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles V of Habsburg">Charles V</a>. On 4 March 1525 he sold the fiefdom, for 3000 ducats, with right of withdrawal to Nicolantonio Falangola, Patrician of <a href="/wiki/Sorrento" title="Sorrento">Sorrento</a>; with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Sanction&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Sanction (page does not exist)">Royal Assent</a> of 22 August 1527, the sale became definitive, and with the title of Baron.<sup id="cite_ref-ref_B_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_B-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Here we find the title of Baron of Fagnano for the first time. In 1543 he was succeeded by his first-born son, Filippantonio Falangola, Baron of Fagnano, and in 1600, Filippantonio's second-born son, Giovan Battista Falangola, inherited the fiefdom. On 19 October 1609—with the approval of the then mayor of Fagnano, Dante Formoso, and the governors Francesco di Donato and Marsilio Giuliano—Giovan Battista raised the rank of Fagnano from <i>casale</i> (what we today consider a <i><a href="/wiki/Frazione" title="Frazione">frazione</a></i>) to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Universitas_(municipality)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universitas (municipality) (page does not exist)"><i>universitas</i></a><sup class="noprint" style="font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas" class="extiw" title="it:Universitas">it</a>]</sup> (what we would consider a town).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1622, the Falangolas were deprived of the fiefdom as they had sided with the French during the <a href="/wiki/Italian_War_of_1494%E2%80%931495" title="Italian War of 1494–1495">descent of Charles VIII in Italy</a> and with Royal Assent, on 27 November 1622, in order not to lose everything, they were forced to sell it to Cesare Firrao, Prince of <a href="/wiki/Luzzi,_Italy" title="Luzzi, Italy">Luzzi</a>. The Firrao held Fagnano until the abolition of feudalism in southern Italy by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph Bonaparte</a> (1806).<sup id="cite_ref-ref_B_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_B-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_modern_period">Late modern period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Late modern period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Napoleonic_domination">Napoleonic domination</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Napoleonic domination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Included in the canton of <a href="/wiki/Acri" title="Acri">Acri</a>, at the time of the <a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_Republic_(1799)" class="mw-redirect" title="Neapolitan Republic (1799)">Neapolitan Republic</a>, with the new administrative structure given by the French to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples_(1806-1815)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Naples (1806-1815)">Kingdom of Naples</a>, at the beginning of the 19th century, was included first as a Universitas, in the so-called government of <a href="/wiki/Mottafollone" title="Mottafollone">Mottafollone</a> and then among the municipalities of the district of <a href="/wiki/San_Marco_Argentano" title="San Marco Argentano">San Marco Argentano</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bourbon_rule">Bourbon rule</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Bourbon rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">Springtime of Nations</a>, Fagnano and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Kingdom of the Two Sicilies</a> were the site of riots and unrest. A strong libertarian yearning was born among the few cultured bourgeois of the town. The place where spirits were ignited and hopes were cultivated was the Maiarota café, on the corner between the middle street and the small square of San Pietro.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Fagnanese scholars adhered to the ideas of <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Mazzini</a>, to the <a href="/wiki/Federalism" title="Federalism">federalism</a> of <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Cattaneo" title="Carlo Cattaneo">Cattaneo</a>, to the <a href="/wiki/European_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="European Federation">United States of Europe</a> of <a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo" title="Victor Hugo">Victor Hugo</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Italian_Unification">Italian Unification</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Italian Unification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1860 the continental provinces of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, already subjected to the <a href="/wiki/Garibaldi%27s_dictatorship" class="mw-redirect" title="Garibaldi's dictatorship">Garibaldi's dictatorship</a>, were called to vote on the merger with the constituting <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(1861-1946)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Italy (1861-1946)">Kingdom of Italy</a>. Fagnano voters numbered 827 out of 3604 inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of these, 808 voted YES, with 5 absent and 14 who went to the military camp.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The phenomenon of <a href="/wiki/Post-Unification_Italian_Brigandage" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-Unification Italian Brigandage">Post-Unification Italian Brigandage</a> was rampant in northern Calabria. A gang led by Amatuzzo (known as Malerba, literally bad weed) Avolio from Fagnano, allied with the gang of La Valle Francesco from <a href="/wiki/Mongrassano" title="Mongrassano">Mongrassano</a> and Iuele Gennaro from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cavallerizzo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cavallerizzo (page does not exist)">Cavallerizzo</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> terrorized the local population. This gang of 97 affiliates was also associated with the so-called "Saracinari", of <a href="/wiki/Saracena" title="Saracena">Saracena</a>, and with the gang of the infamous Antonio Franco.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Precisely for this reason, <a href="/wiki/Camillo_Benso,_Count_of_Cavour" title="Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour">Camillo Benso Count of Cavour</a>, at the suggestion of <a href="/wiki/Costantino_Nigra" title="Costantino Nigra">Costantino Nigra</a>, commissioned <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pietro_Fumel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pietro Fumel (page does not exist)">Pietro Fumel</a> to counter brigandage in Calabria. Pietro Fumel, having carte blanche, became the protagonist of many nefarious criminal actions, including the massacre of around one hundred defenseless farmers in Fagnano, carried out by the troops of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Italian_Army" title="Royal Italian Army">Royal Italian Army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some had their heads cut off, stuck on poles and exhibited in the main square of the municipality as a warning to anyone who wanted to follow their example.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The post-unification history merges with that of the rest of the peninsula. At the end of the 1920s, Malvito and <a href="/wiki/Santa_Caterina_Albanese" title="Santa Caterina Albanese">Santa Caterina Albanese</a> were annexed to it, which became autonomous again in <a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a>. </p><p>In the 80s, the provincial road 270 (SP270) was built, more commonly known among the citizens of Fagnano as "La Variante". In 2009 the Fagnano cemetery was hit by a <a href="/wiki/Landslide" title="Landslide">hydrogeological disaster</a>. Among the historical-architectural testimonies include the churches of the Immaculate and of San Pietro, rebuilt in the Baroque age, on previous buildings of worship. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_sights">Main sights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Main sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_architecture">Religious architecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Religious architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Fagnano Castello there are 4 churches, including one located in the frazione of San Lauro. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Church_of_the_Immaculate_Conception">Church of the Immaculate Conception</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Church of the Immaculate Conception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></div> <p>The church of the Immaculate Conception can be considered the <a href="/wiki/Mother_church" title="Mother church">mother church</a> of the town. It is located in Piazza Alfonso Splendore, the main square of the town. The history regarding the Mother Church is not very well documented, with legends being present in its origins. The construction works probably started and were completed by the 2nd Baron of Fagnano, Filippo Antonio Falangola (... – 1600).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to tradition, it is said that, in 1551, the people of Fagnano united in the construction of the church to help a poor woman, afflicted by the illness that afflicted her son. According to this story, the mother, sad and desperate, addressed a prayer to Mary with the sincere intention of raising a temple in her name so that her son could be saved. So all the people of Fagnano offered money and resources for the erection of the Temple, and after thirty years the church was completed and inaugurated by the then Bishop of San Marco Argentano Monsignor Giovanni Antonio Grignetta in 1581.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1939 the young new priest of the town, don Olindo Settimio Tocci, finded the church in such unsafe conditions that it had to be closed to worship, and began the restoration work, bringing the church to its current decorative conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The event is commemorated by a plaque, located on the left side of the main entrance, inside. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Fa%C3%A7ade" title="Façade">façade</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_Architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Neoclassical Architecture">neoclassical</a> style, incorporates the bell tower on the right side; on the same there are six <a href="/wiki/Pilasters" class="mw-redirect" title="Pilasters">Pilasters</a> in the lower part and four in the upper part ending with capitals in <a href="/wiki/Corinthian_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Corinthian Order">Corinthian</a> style: the work of local artists of the local Barone school. In the upper part there is a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Single-lancet_window&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Single-lancet window (page does not exist)">single-lancet window</a> with a glass <a href="/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">mosaic</a> of the Immaculate Conception. The triple-naved interior is divided by rectangular pillars connected by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Round_arches&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Round arches (page does not exist)">round arches</a>. The central nave is covered by a barrel vault with frescoes by an anonymous 18th century painter; the lateral ones have a cross vault. The naves end in three circular-shaped <a href="/wiki/Apse" title="Apse">apses</a> with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dome_vault&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dome vault (page does not exist)">dome vault</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Church_of_St._Peter">Church of St. Peter</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Church of St. Peter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/St._Peter" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Peter">St. Peter</a></div> <p>Also located in Piazza Alfonso Splendore, it is believed to have been founded on a probable pre-existing small building. The first stone of the church was laid in 1600, and the entire building was finished in 1610. The church was built and commissioned by Giovan Battista Falangola, baron of Fagnano, Malvito, Ioggi, San Lauro and San Casale.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter's father, Filippantonio Falangola, who died in 1600, is buried in the church.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main facade has a portal framed by an elliptical arch surmounted by a <a href="/wiki/Rose_window" title="Rose window">rose window</a>, the work of Emilio Fabris, a student of the local Barone school. On the sides of the facade two high pilasters support two frames, one of which has ornamental elements. Above there is the <a href="/wiki/Tympanum_(architecture)" title="Tympanum (architecture)">tympanum</a> decorated in relief on which stands the statue of the <a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Archangel Michael</a>, created by Camillo Capolupo of the local Barone school. The church is flanked, on the right side, by a bell tower. The triple-naved interior, rich in baroque <a href="/wiki/Stucco" title="Stucco">stuccos</a>, houses a statue of the <a href="/wiki/Madonna_del_Rosario" class="mw-redirect" title="Madonna del Rosario">Virgin of the Rosary</a> and a wooden <a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">pulpit</a> from the late 18th century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Church_of_the_Madonna_delle_Grazie">Church of the Madonna delle Grazie</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Church of the Madonna delle Grazie"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Madonna_delle_Grazie" class="mw-redirect" title="Madonna delle Grazie">Madonna delle Grazie</a></div> <p>This modest little church is of very distant and uncertain memory, but without a doubt it is the work of some pious hermit when there was flowering in Calabria of <a href="/wiki/Monasticism" title="Monasticism">monasticism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ref_E_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_E-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Byzantine monks, including the <a href="/wiki/Basilian_monks" title="Basilian monks">Basilian monks</a>, seeking refuge from <a href="/wiki/Saracenic" class="mw-redirect" title="Saracenic">Saracenic</a> raids and persecution, found refuge in areas of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> that were sparsely populated and far from the coasts, like <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mercurion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mercurion (page does not exist)">Mercurion</a> in the territories of <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Italy" title="Byzantine Italy">Byzantine Italy</a>. So certainly around the year one thousand, one or more Orthodox hermits landed on that solitary hill near Fagnano and built the little church.<sup id="cite_ref-ref_E_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_E-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time the Greek Orthodox influence in the Cosentino area was very strong, in Mercurion there was an important <a href="/wiki/Eparchy" title="Eparchy">eparchy</a> which became the center of irradiation of Greek monasticism in southern Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-p2_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-p2-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only with the Norman conquest and the consequent expansion of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman rite">Roman rite</a>, did the decline begin which led the Greek rite monasteries to be subjected to Latin abbeys, specifically to the <a href="/wiki/Badia_di_Cava" class="mw-redirect" title="Badia di Cava">Badia di Cava</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abbey_of_Santa_Maria_della_Matina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abbey of Santa Maria della Matina (page does not exist)">Badia of Santa Maria della Matina</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and therefore to the liquidation of the eparchy. Inside there is a plaque written in Latin which tells of its restoration in 1743 by a certain Don Francesco Zumpano.<sup id="cite_ref-ref_E_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_E-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The church is small, unadorned, with a single nave with a single central altar, a simple facade, surmounted by a bell, is now incorporated into the perimeter of the municipal cemetery while it was once surrounded by greenery.<sup id="cite_ref-ref_E_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_E-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil_architecture">Civil architecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Civil architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Convent_of_San_Sebastiano">Convent of San Sebastiano</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Convent of San Sebastiano"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1580, under the barony of Filippantonio Falangola, 5 friars of the <a href="/wiki/Secular_Franciscan_Order" title="Secular Franciscan Order">third Franciscan order</a> founded a <a href="/wiki/Convent" title="Convent">convent</a> on the very large garden of a friar named Crescenzio, who gave it as an inheritance to his brothers with the request to build a Convent on it.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is currently the seat of the town hall. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Squares">Squares</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Squares"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Piazza_Alfonso_Splendore">Piazza Alfonso Splendore</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Piazza Alfonso Splendore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is the main square of the town, in fact it is simply called "Piazza" (Square in Italian) by the people of Fagnano. The square is named after the doctor and bacteriologist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfonso_Splendore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfonso Splendore (page does not exist)">Alfonso Splendore</a>, born in Fagnano, who greatly helped the discovery of <a href="/wiki/Toxoplasmosis" title="Toxoplasmosis">toxoplasmosis</a>, making a huge step on the study of human <a href="/wiki/Pathology" title="Pathology">pathology</a>. Overlooking it are the Prince's palace, the Church of the Immaculate Conception and the now closed Barone artistic school. Following the road northwards you descend towards the small square Edoardo Barone and the church of San Pietro. Via Vittorio Emanuele winds from the square and leads to Piazza Aldo Moro, via Giuseppe Garibaldi (called "Timpone" by the people of Fagnano<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) which leads to the Convent, via Don Giovanni Bosco which leads to the Don Bosco square and via Regina Margherita di Savoia which leads to the beginning of the town. Previously the square was called "Piazza <a href="/wiki/Umberto_I_of_Savoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Umberto I of Savoy">Umberto I</a>" </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Piazza_Aldo_Moro">Piazza Aldo Moro</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Piazza Aldo Moro"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Piazza <a href="/wiki/Aldo_Moro" title="Aldo Moro">Aldo Moro</a> is located on the bridge over the Cannatello stream, <a href="/wiki/Tributary" title="Tributary">tributary</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Crati" title="Crati">Crati</a> river. The square is called by the people of Fagnano "Il Ponte"<sup id="cite_ref-ref_F_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_F-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (the Bridge) and before the 80s the square was officially called "Piazza Ponte".<sup id="cite_ref-ref_F_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_F-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In ancient times the bridge was a simple wooden connection, but around 1600 the bridge was rebuilt in stone, and over time it became a real square.<sup id="cite_ref-ref_F_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_F-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Schools">Schools</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Fagnano Castello there is a single <a href="/wiki/Child_care" title="Child care">child care</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Kindergarten" title="Kindergarten">kindergarten</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">primary school</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Middle_school" title="Middle school">middle school</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Liceo_classico" title="Liceo classico">liceo classico</a> and an <a href="/wiki/Istituto_tecnico" class="mw-redirect" title="Istituto tecnico">istituto tecnico</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums">Museums</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Museums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Museo_della_civiltà_contadina_di_Vincenzo_de_Rose"><span id="Museo_della_civilt.C3.A0_contadina_di_Vincenzo_de_Rose"></span>Museo della civiltà contadina di Vincenzo de Rose</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Museo della civiltà contadina di Vincenzo de Rose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, thanks to the commitment of the Municipality of Fagnano Castello and the Mountain Community Delle Valli/Media Valle Crati, the “Museum of the peasant civilization of Vincenzo de Rose” was inaugurated, the first museum in Fagnano. In the museum there is an important collection of artefacts, tools and photos attesting to life in the houses, fields, shops and streets of Fagnano Castello until after the Second World War. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language">Language</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Fagnano dialect (<i>U' Fagnanisu</i>) is officially part of the <a href="/wiki/Extreme_Southern_Italian" title="Extreme Southern Italian">Extreme Southern Italian dialects</a>, but it has great influence from the <a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_language" title="Neapolitan language">Neapolitan language</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anthropic_geography">Anthropic geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Anthropic geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fractions">Fractions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Fractions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the territory of Fagnano Castello there are 9 frazioni (many of these have most of their history linked to that of Fagnano, except for San Lauro): </p> <dl><dt>San Lauro</dt> <dd>San Lauro is a small village, perched on a hill (550 meters above sea level). Its position offers a magnificent panorama, in fact, from the square you can see a suggestive landscape that goes from the Pettoruto mountain, to the Sibari plain and up to the hills of <a href="/wiki/Spezzano_Albanese" title="Spezzano Albanese">Spezzano Albanese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mongrassano" title="Mongrassano">Mongrassano</a>: on clear days it glimpse two edges of the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Sea" title="Ionian Sea">Ionian Sea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The origins of San Lauro are linked to <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine history</a>. At the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Iconoclasm" title="Iconoclasm">iconoclastic struggle</a> thousands of <a href="/wiki/Basilian_monks" title="Basilian monks">Basilian monks</a>, fleeing from the East due to the persecution that was afflicting them, dispersed from <a href="/wiki/Salento" title="Salento">Salento</a> in the rest of <a href="/wiki/Southern_Italy" title="Southern Italy">Southern Italy</a>, and some arrived in <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a>. Many of these monks brought the remains and cult of <a href="/wiki/Florus_and_Laurus" title="Florus and Laurus">Saint Florus</a> to the Calabrian monasteries, also founding the <a href="/wiki/San_Floro" title="San Floro">a commune with the name of this Saint</a>. But some of these brought the remains and the cult of his twin, <a href="/wiki/Florus_and_Laurus" title="Florus and Laurus">Saint Laurus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> San Lauro had a history similar to that of Fagnano until 1622, the year in which Fagnano fell into the hands of the Firrao.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> San Lauro "detached" from Fagnano and was rented to Andrea <a href="/wiki/House_of_Gonzaga" title="House of Gonzaga">Gonzaga</a> of Calabria Citra for 3 years, to then become the territory of the Sacchini family.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> We then find San Lauro in the hands of the Rende family, headed by Filippo Rende, who sold San Lauro in 1644 to a certain Antonio Zaccheno.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1670 San Lauro was bought by Carlo Ardias, a Spanish nobleman, President of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regia_Camera_della_Sommaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regia Camera della Sommaria (page does not exist)">Regia Camera della Sommaria</a>, who was entitled first marquess of San Lauro.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ardias family had control of the frazione until 1749, when Petronilla Guglielmini Ardias died without children,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the title passed to the Gironda, a family of French origins who arrived in Italy with <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_Anjou" title="Charles I of Anjou">Charles I of Anjou</a>, who owned the title despite never having lived in San Lauro.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Cafaro: Located below the municipal cemetery.</li> <li>Carbonaro: Located along the <a href="/wiki/State_highway_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="State highway (Italy)">State highway</a> 283 of Terme Luigiane in front of Policarette.</li> <li>Ferraro: Located in the south of the municipal territory.</li> <li>Mallamo: Located along the State road 283 of Terme Luigiane.</li> <li>Martino: Located at the extreme south of the municipal territory.</li> <li>Mirabella: Located in the north of the municipal territory.</li> <li>Policarette: Located along the State road 283 of Terme Luigiane in front of Carbonaro.</li> <li>Rinacchio: Located south of the municipal territory, it is the site of the Campo Sproviero, a soccer field owned by the Town Hall.</li> <li>Sant'Angelo: A small part of it is located along the State road 283 of Terme Luigiane.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fagnano_Castello&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-16139ca327c50d72c40d8c5fd3abe706b989650e-v18-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-16139ca327c50d72c40d8c5fd3abe706b989650e-v18_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.istat.it/it/archivio/156224">"Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011"</a>. Italian National Institute of Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Superficie+di+Comuni+Province+e+Regioni+italiane+al+9+ottobre+2011&rft.pub=Italian+National+Institute+of+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.istat.it%2Fit%2Farchivio%2F156224&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFagnano+Castello" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-istat-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-istat_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Statistics_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute of Statistics (Italy)">Istat</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vincenzo_Padula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vincenzo Padula (page does not exist)">Vincenzo Padula</a>, <i>Protogea. i.e. Prehistoric Europe|Protogea, i.e. prehistoric Europe</i>, <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>: Printing establishment of P. Androsio, 1871, p. 383.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gerhard Rohlfs , <i>Toponymic and onomastic dictionary of Calabria: philological-geographical handbook of Calabria</i>, Ravenna: Longo, 1974.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Girolamo Marafioti, <i>Le Croniche et antiquities of Calabria</i>, Book IV, 274</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref_C-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ref_C_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ref_C_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i>Fagnano Castello</i>, 1994, pp. 23</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i>Fagnano Castello</i>, 1994, pp. 28</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i>Fagnano Castello</i>, 1994, pp. 24-27</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i>Fagnano Castello</i> , 1994, pp. 32</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref_D-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ref_D_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i> Fagnano Castello</i>, 1994, pp. 30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref_B-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ref_B_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ref_B_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i>Fagnano Castello</i>, 1994, pp. 93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i>Fagnano Castello</i>, 1994, pp. 94</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i>Fagnano Castello</i>, 1994, pp.95</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 103</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i> Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp 103</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Giuseppe Rizzo, Antonio La Rocca, La banda di Antonio Franco, Il coscile, 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello La Storia dal 989 al 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 105</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco , Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 51</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i>Fagnano Castello</i> , 1994, pp. 59</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco , Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello La Storia dal 989 al 2009</i>, 2009, pp 30-31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref_E-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ref_E_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ref_E_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ref_E_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ref_E_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i>Fagnano Castello</i>, 1994, pp. 47</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-p2-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-p2_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">G. Penco, <i>op. cit.</i>, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Venturino Panebianco, Observations on the monastic eparchy of the Mercurion and on the Byzantine Theme of Lucania, in Calabrian historical magazine, a. I, n. 1-2, January/June 1980, pp. 189-93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello La Storia dal 989 al 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 54</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i>Fagnano Castello</i>, 1994, pp. 82</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref_F-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ref_F_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ref_F_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ref_F_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Luigi Cordasco, <i>Fagnano Castello</i>, 1994, pp. 83</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.comune.fagnanocastello.cs.it/index.php?action=index&p=10224">https://www.comune.fagnanocastello.cs.it/index.php?action=index&p=10224</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello La Storia dal 989 al 2009</i>, 2009, pp . 82-83</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 78</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 78-79</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobili-napoletani.it/Rende.htm">Famiglia Rende</a>, on noblili-napoletani.it.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 80</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Ardias family was not completely extinct, in fact the surname is still present in the community today, altrough over the centuries it has lost an "a" and was transformed into "Ardis".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gennaro Sinimarco, Pasqualino Magno, <i>Fagnano Castello History from 989 to 2009</i>, 2009, pp. 81</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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Calabria">Canna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cariati" title="Cariati">Cariati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolei" title="Carolei">Carolei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpanzano" title="Carpanzano">Carpanzano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casali_del_Manco" title="Casali del Manco">Casali del Manco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassano_all%27Ionio" title="Cassano all'Ionio">Cassano all'Ionio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castiglione_Cosentino" title="Castiglione Cosentino">Castiglione Cosentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castrolibero" title="Castrolibero">Castrolibero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castroregio" title="Castroregio">Castroregio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castrovillari" title="Castrovillari">Castrovillari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celico" title="Celico">Celico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cellara" title="Cellara">Cellara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerchiara_di_Calabria" title="Cerchiara di Calabria">Cerchiara di Calabria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerisano" 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<li><a href="/wiki/Falconara_Albanese" title="Falconara Albanese">Falconara Albanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figline_Vegliaturo" title="Figline Vegliaturo">Figline Vegliaturo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firmo" title="Firmo">Firmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiumefreddo_Bruzio" title="Fiumefreddo Bruzio">Fiumefreddo Bruzio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francavilla_Marittima" title="Francavilla Marittima">Francavilla Marittima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frascineto" title="Frascineto">Frascineto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuscaldo" title="Fuscaldo">Fuscaldo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimaldi,_Calabria" title="Grimaldi, Calabria">Grimaldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grisolia" title="Grisolia">Grisolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardia_Piemontese" title="Guardia Piemontese">Guardia Piemontese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lago,_Calabria" title="Lago, Calabria">Lago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laino_Borgo" title="Laino Borgo">Laino Borgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laino_Castello" 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