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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Documentaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Documentaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Documentaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Documentaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span 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Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Кралство Мустанг – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кралство Мустанг" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regne_de_Mustang" title="Regne de Mustang – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Regne de Mustang" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustang_(kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD)" title="Mustang (království) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mustang (království)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustang_(K%C3%B6nigreich)" title="Mustang (Königreich) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mustang (Königreich)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_de_Mustang" title="Reino de Mustang – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reino de Mustang" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume_du_Mustang" title="Royaume du Mustang – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Royaume du Mustang" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljevstvo_Mustang" title="Kraljevstvo Mustang – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kraljevstvo Mustang" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustang_(regno)" title="Mustang (regno) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mustang (regno)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustangas_Karaliste" title="Mustangas Karaliste – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mustangas Karaliste" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustangas_(Nepalas)" title="Mustangas (Nepalas) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mustangas (Nepalas)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D" title="അപ്പർ മസ്താങ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അപ്പർ മസ്താങ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustang_(koninkrijk)" title="Mustang (koninkrijk) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mustang (koninkrijk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99" title="उपल्लो मुस्ताङ – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="उपल्लो मुस्ताङ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="ムスタン王国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ムスタン王国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustang_(Tibet)" title="Mustang (Tibet) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mustang (Tibet)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lestwo_Lo" title="Królestwo Lo – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Królestwo Lo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustang_(reino)" title="Mustang (reino) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mustang (reino)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Мустанг (государство) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мустанг (государство)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustang_(kungad%C3%B6me)" title="Mustang (kungadöme) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mustang (kungadöme)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C" title="อัปเปอร์มุสตางค์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัปเปอร์มุสตางค์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Мустанг (королівство) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мустанг (королівство)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_Mustang" title="Thượng Mustang – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thượng Mustang" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%98%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="木斯塘王國 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" 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title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Upper_Mustang&params=29_05_N_83_55_E_region:NP_source:dewiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">29°05′N</span> <span class="longitude">83°55′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">29.083°N 83.917°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">29.083; 83.917</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Northern area of Mustang District, Nepal</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country 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.ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name"><span class="nowrap">Kingdom of Lo / Mustang</span> <span class="nowrap">གློ་ཡུལ། གློ་སྨན་ཐང་། (<a href="/wiki/Lhasa_Tibetan" title="Lhasa Tibetan">Tibetan</a>)</span> <span class="nowrap"> मुस्ताङ राज्य (<a href="/wiki/Nepali_language" title="Nepali language">Nepali</a>) </span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1380–2008</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px 3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Mustang.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Upper Mustang"><img alt="Flag of Upper Mustang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Mustang.svg/125px-Flag_of_Mustang.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Mustang.svg/188px-Flag_of_Mustang.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Mustang.svg/250px-Flag_of_Mustang.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="473" data-file-height="294" /></a></span></div> </div> <div>Flag</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Upper_%26_lower_Mustang.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Upper & lower Mustang with local level bodies"><img alt="Upper & lower Mustang with local level bodies" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Upper_%26_lower_Mustang.png/250px-Upper_%26_lower_Mustang.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Upper_%26_lower_Mustang.png/375px-Upper_%26_lower_Mustang.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Upper_%26_lower_Mustang.png/500px-Upper_%26_lower_Mustang.png 2x" data-file-width="2086" data-file-height="2152" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Upper & lower Mustang with local level bodies</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Independent sovereign state (1380–1964)<br />Dependency of Nepal (1964–2008)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lo_Manthang" class="mw-redirect" title="Lo Manthang">Lo Manthang</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Tibetan" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard Tibetan">Tibetan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nepali_language" title="Nepali language">Nepali</a></li></ul></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kiratism" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiratism">Kiratism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">Animism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shamanism" title="Shamanism">Nepalese Shamanism</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data">Monarchy</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Raja/Gyelpo (King)</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1380–1400s <span style="font-size: 85%;">(first)</span> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ame_Pal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ame Pal (page does not exist)">Ame Pal</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1964–2008 <span style="font-size: 85%;">(last)</span> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jigme_Dorje_Palbar_Bista" title="Jigme Dorje Palbar Bista">Jigme Dorje Palbar Bista</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Established </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1380</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Abolished by the Federal government </div></th><td class="infobox-data">7 October 2008</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area</th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,020<sup id="cite_ref-RD1998_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RD1998-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> km<sup>2</sup> (780 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,000<sup id="cite_ref-RD1998_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RD1998-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3.47/km<sup>2</sup> (9.0/sq mi)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Mustang_District" title="Mustang District">Mustang District</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" /></span></span>   </span><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LoManthang_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/LoManthang_1.JPG/250px-LoManthang_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/LoManthang_1.JPG/330px-LoManthang_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/LoManthang_1.JPG/500px-LoManthang_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Lo Manthang</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Upper Mustang</b>, formerly known as <b>Kingdom of Lo</b>, is the upper part (northern areas) of the <a href="/wiki/Mustang_District" title="Mustang District">Mustang District</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gandaki_Province" title="Gandaki Province">Gandaki Province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>. The <i>Upper Mustang</i> was a restricted kingdom until 1992 which makes it one of the most preserved regions in the world, with a majority of the population still speaking traditional <a href="/wiki/Tibetic_languages" title="Tibetic languages">Tibetic languages</a>. </p><p>The <i>Upper Mustang</i> comprises the northern two-thirds of the <a href="/wiki/Mustang_District" title="Mustang District">Mustang District</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gandaki_Province" title="Gandaki Province">Gandaki Province</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>. It consists of three rural municipalities namely <a href="/wiki/Lomanthang_Rural_Municipality" title="Lomanthang Rural Municipality">Lo Manthang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lo-Ghekar_Damodarkunda_Rural_Municipality" title="Lo-Ghekar Damodarkunda Rural Municipality">Lo-Ghekar Damodarkunda</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Varagung_Muktichhetra_Rural_Municipality" title="Varagung Muktichhetra Rural Municipality">Varagung Muktichhetra</a>. </p><p>The southern third (lower Mustang) of the district is called <b>Thak</b> and is the homeland of the <a href="/wiki/Thakali_people" title="Thakali people">Thakali</a> community, who speak the <a href="/wiki/Thakali_language" title="Thakali language">Thakali language</a> and whose culture combines Tibetan and <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Nepal" title="Culture of Nepal">Nepalese</a> elements. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_culture" title="Tibetan culture">Tibetan culture</a> of the region has been preserved by the relative isolation of the region from the outside world. Life in Mustang revolves around tourism, <a href="/wiki/Animal_husbandry" title="Animal husbandry">animal husbandry</a>, and trade. </p><p>Mustang's status as a kingdom ended in 2008 when its <a href="/wiki/Suzerainty" title="Suzerainty">suzerain</a> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal" title="Kingdom of Nepal">Kingdom of Nepal</a> became a <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a>. The influence of the outside world, especially <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, is growing and contributing to rapid change in the lives of Mustang's people.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Development work has increased in recent years. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jigme_Palbar_Bista.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Jigme_Palbar_Bista.jpg/220px-Jigme_Palbar_Bista.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Jigme_Palbar_Bista.jpg/330px-Jigme_Palbar_Bista.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Jigme_Palbar_Bista.jpg/440px-Jigme_Palbar_Bista.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="1296" /></a><figcaption>Raja <a href="/wiki/Jigme_Dorje_Palbar_Bista" title="Jigme Dorje Palbar Bista">Jigme Dorje Palbar Bista</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Mustang was once an independent kingdom, although closely tied by language and culture to Tibet. From the 15th to the 17th century, its strategic location granted Mustang control over the trade between the <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a> and <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. At the end of the 18th century, the kingdom was annexed by <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal" title="Kingdom of Nepal">Nepal</a> and became a dependency of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal" title="Kingdom of Nepal">Kingdom of Nepal</a> in 1795.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Kingdom of Lo Manthang supported Tibet and the <a href="/wiki/Qing_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Qing Empire">Qing Empire</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Nepalese_War" title="Sino-Nepalese War">Sino-Nepalese War</a>. </p><p>Though still recognized by many Mustang residents, the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarchy</a> ceased to exist on October 7, 2008, by order of the Government of Nepal.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last official and later unofficial king (<a href="/wiki/Raja" title="Raja">raja</a> or <i>gyelpo</i>) was <a href="/wiki/Jigme_Dorje_Palbar_Bista" title="Jigme Dorje Palbar Bista">Jigme Dorje Palbar Bista</a> (1930–2016),<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who traced his lineage directly back to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ame_Pal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ame Pal (page does not exist)">Ame Pal</a>, the warrior who founded this <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhist</a> kingdom in 1380.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ame Pal oversaw the founding and building of much of the Lo and Mustang capital of <a href="/wiki/Lo_Manthang" class="mw-redirect" title="Lo Manthang">Lo Manthang</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Walled_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Walled city">walled city</a> that has changed little in appearance since that time period.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2007, a shepherd in Mustang discovered a collection of 55 cave paintings depicting the life of <a href="/wiki/The_Buddha" title="The Buddha">the Buddha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Upper Mustang has a <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Nepal#Altitudinal_Belts" title="Geography of Nepal"><i>trans-Himalayan climate</i></a> which is <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate#Cold_semi-arid_climates" title="Semi-arid climate">cool and semi-arid</a> with <a href="/wiki/Precipitation_(meteorology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Precipitation (meteorology)">precipitation</a> in the range of 250–400 mm (9.8–15.7 in). It is in the <a href="/wiki/Rain_shadow" title="Rain shadow">rain shadow</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Annapurna" title="Annapurna">Annapurna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dhaulagiri" title="Dhaulagiri">Dhaulagiri</a> ranges. </p><p>The Day and Night Temperature in Upper Mustang according to the months is shown below: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Month </th> <th>Day Temperature </th> <th>Night Temperature </th></tr> <tr> <td>December, January, February </td> <td>0 to 5 °C <p>32 to 41 °F </p> </td> <td>-25 to -20°C <p>-13 to -4 °F </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>March, April, May, June </td> <td>16 to 22 °C <p>61 to 72 °F </p> </td> <td>-6 to -2°C <p>21 to 28 °F </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July, August, September </td> <td>20 to 33 °C <p>68 to 73 °F </p> </td> <td>-3 to 0 °C <p>27 to 32 °F </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>October, November </td> <td>12 to 20 °C <p>54 to 68 °F </p> </td> <td>-8 to -4 °C <p>18 to 25 °F </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The population of the whole <a href="/wiki/Mustang_District" title="Mustang District">Mustang District</a> in 2001 was 14,981, spread between three towns and approximately thirty smaller settlements. The inhabitants are either <a href="/wiki/Thakali_people" title="Thakali people">Thakalis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurung" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurung">Gurung</a> or, in traditional Mustang, primarily <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibetan people">Tibetan</a>. </p><p>Most of the population of Mustang lives near the <a href="/wiki/Gandaki_River" title="Gandaki River">Kali Gandaki</a> River, 2,800 to 3,900 m (9,200 to 12,800 ft) above sea level. The tough conditions cause a large winter migration into lower regions of Nepal. The administrative center of <a href="/wiki/Mustang_District" title="Mustang District">Mustang District</a> is at <a href="/wiki/Jomsom" title="Jomsom">Jomsom</a> (eight kilometres (5.0 mi) south of Kagbeni) which has had an airport since 1962 and has become the main tourist entry point since Mustang was opened to western tourism in 1992. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tangbe,_Upper_Mustang.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tangbe village from above"><img alt="Tangbe village from above" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Tangbe%2C_Upper_Mustang.jpg/220px-Tangbe%2C_Upper_Mustang.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Tangbe%2C_Upper_Mustang.jpg/330px-Tangbe%2C_Upper_Mustang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Tangbe%2C_Upper_Mustang.jpg/440px-Tangbe%2C_Upper_Mustang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tangbe" title="Tangbe">Tangbe</a> village from above</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_on_Gyakar_(edited).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gyakar village across the gorge"><img alt="Gyakar village across the gorge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/View_on_Gyakar_%28edited%29.jpg/250px-View_on_Gyakar_%28edited%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/View_on_Gyakar_%28edited%29.jpg/330px-View_on_Gyakar_%28edited%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/View_on_Gyakar_%28edited%29.jpg/500px-View_on_Gyakar_%28edited%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gyakar village across the gorge</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kali_Gandaki_riverbed_in_Nepal%27s_Upper_Mustang.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kali Gandaki riverbed in Nepal's Upper Mustang. View from Thsele down to the Kali Gandaki river and the fields of Chusang village, with Nilgiri's steep north face."><img alt="Kali Gandaki riverbed in Nepal's Upper Mustang. View from Thsele down to the Kali Gandaki river and the fields of Chusang village, with Nilgiri's steep north face." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Kali_Gandaki_riverbed_in_Nepal%27s_Upper_Mustang.jpg/220px-Kali_Gandaki_riverbed_in_Nepal%27s_Upper_Mustang.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Kali_Gandaki_riverbed_in_Nepal%27s_Upper_Mustang.jpg/330px-Kali_Gandaki_riverbed_in_Nepal%27s_Upper_Mustang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Kali_Gandaki_riverbed_in_Nepal%27s_Upper_Mustang.jpg/440px-Kali_Gandaki_riverbed_in_Nepal%27s_Upper_Mustang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4910" data-file-height="2766" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kali Gandaki riverbed in Nepal's Upper Mustang. View from Thsele down to the Kali Gandaki river and the fields of Chusang village, with Nilgiri's steep north face.</div> </li> </ul> <p>The main hydrographic feature of Mustang is the <a href="/wiki/Gandaki_River" title="Gandaki River">Gandaki River</a>. The river runs southward towards Nepal <a href="/wiki/Terai" title="Terai">Terai</a>, bisecting Mustang. Routes paralleling the river once served as a <a href="/wiki/Tibet-Nepal_salt_trade_route" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibet-Nepal salt trade route">major trade route</a> between Tibet and <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, especially for <a href="/wiki/Salt" title="Salt">salt</a>. Part of the river valley in the southern <a href="/wiki/Mustang_District" title="Mustang District">Mustang District</a> forms the <a href="/wiki/Kali_Gandaki_Gorge" title="Kali Gandaki Gorge">Kali Gandaki Gorge</a>, by some measures the deepest gorge in the world. </p><p>Traditional Mustang (the Lo Kingdom) is 53 km (33 mi) north–south at its longest, 60 km (37 mi) east–west at its widest and ranges from a low point of 2,750 m (9,020 ft) above sea level on the Kali Gandaki River just north of <a href="/wiki/Kagbeni,_Mustang" title="Kagbeni, Mustang">Kagbeni</a> to 6,700 m (22,000 ft) at Khamjung Himal, a peak in southeast Mustang. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Upper Mustang is on an ancient trade route between Nepal and Tibet exploiting the lowest 4,660-metre (15,300 ft) pass <a href="/wiki/Kora_La" class="mw-redirect" title="Kora La">Kora La</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Himalaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Himalaya">Himalaya</a> west of <a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a>. Kora La currently serves as one of the active border crossings between China and Nepal.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mechanized access inside Nepal began with the opening of an <a href="/wiki/Jomsom_Airport" title="Jomsom Airport">airstrip</a> at <a href="/wiki/Jomsom" title="Jomsom">Jomsom</a> at the approximate boundary between the southern <i>Thak</i> and northern <i>Lo</i> sections of the valley, which was in operation by the 1960s. </p><p>China eventually decided to revitalize trade and in 2001 completed a 20-kilometre (12 mi) road from the <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Nepal#Border_crossings_with_Tibet_Autonomous_Region,_China" title="Geography of Nepal">international border</a> to Lo Manthang.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Across the <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">TAR</a> border is <a href="/wiki/Zhongba_County" title="Zhongba County">Zhongba County</a> of <a href="/wiki/Shigatse_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Shigatse Prefecture">Shigatse Prefecture</a>. <a href="/wiki/China_National_Highway_219" title="China National Highway 219">China National Highway 219</a> follows the valley of the <a href="/wiki/Yarlung_Tsangpo_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yarlung Tsangpo River">Yarlung Tsangpo River</a> some 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of the border. </p><p>Meanwhile, road-building from the south was inhibited by difficulties along the <a href="/wiki/Kali_Gandaki_Gorge" title="Kali Gandaki Gorge">Kali Gandaki Gorge</a> to the south, but proceeded incrementally. In 2010, a nine-kilometre (6 mi) gap remained but the road was completed before 2015 and is suitable for high clearance and <a href="/wiki/Four_wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Four wheel drive">four wheel drive</a> vehicles. </p><p>Currently, the easiest and only widely used road corridor, from <a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a> to <a href="/wiki/Lhasa" title="Lhasa">Lhasa</a>—named <a href="/wiki/Arniko_Rajmarg" class="mw-redirect" title="Arniko Rajmarg">Arniko Highway</a> in Nepal and <a href="/wiki/China_National_Highway_318" title="China National Highway 318">China National Highway 318</a> in the TAR—traverses a 5,125-metre (16,810 ft) pass. This is some 465 metres (1,530 ft) higher than Kora La. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rigsum_G%C3%B6npo_and_prayer_flags_at_the_entrance_of_Samar_(15842094652).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Rigsum_G%C3%B6npo_and_prayer_flags_at_the_entrance_of_Samar_%2815842094652%29.jpg/220px-Rigsum_G%C3%B6npo_and_prayer_flags_at_the_entrance_of_Samar_%2815842094652%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Rigsum_G%C3%B6npo_and_prayer_flags_at_the_entrance_of_Samar_%2815842094652%29.jpg/330px-Rigsum_G%C3%B6npo_and_prayer_flags_at_the_entrance_of_Samar_%2815842094652%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Rigsum_G%C3%B6npo_and_prayer_flags_at_the_entrance_of_Samar_%2815842094652%29.jpg/440px-Rigsum_G%C3%B6npo_and_prayer_flags_at_the_entrance_of_Samar_%2815842094652%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Rigsum Gönpo and Buddhist <a href="/wiki/Prayer_flag" title="Prayer flag">prayer flags</a> at the entrance of Samar</figcaption></figure> <p>Foreign visitors have been allowed to the region since 1992, but tourism to Upper Mustang is regulated. Foreigners need to obtain a special permit to enter, costing $500 for ten days, followed by $50 per day. <sup id="cite_ref-horizonguides.com_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-horizonguides.com-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most tourists visit for the region's trekking trails, which largely follow the same trade route used in the 15th century, although road construction is beginning to impact the areas trekking routes.<sup id="cite_ref-horizonguides.com_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-horizonguides.com-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over a thousand <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">western</a> trekkers now visit each year, with over 7,000 between (mid-July 2018 to mid-July 2019). August and October are the peak visiting months. On August 27, 2010, local youth leaders in Mustang threatened to bar tourists beginning October 1, 2010 due to the refusal of the Nepalese government to provide any of the $50 per day fee to the local economy. Visitation, however, continued uninterrupted beyond that date.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mustang is rich in Buddhist culture, similar to the area of the <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet Autonomous Region</a> of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a>. It is an alternate way to experience the Tibetan culture and landscape to the tours provided by the Chinese government. The Tiji festival in Lo-Manthang is another popular destination for tourists in the area seeking to experience the native culture. </p><p>The first westerner in Mustang was <a href="/wiki/Toni_Hagen" title="Toni Hagen">Toni Hagen</a>, Swiss explorer and geologist, who visited the Kingdom in 1952 during one of his travels across the Himalayas. French <a href="/wiki/Michel_Peissel" title="Michel Peissel">Michel Peissel</a> is considered the first westerner to stay in Lo Manthang, during the first authorised exploration of Mustang in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jomsom_Airport" title="Jomsom Airport">Jomsom Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustang_Caves" title="Mustang Caves">Mustang Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonam_Lhundrup" title="Sonam Lhundrup">Sonam Lhundrup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangbe" title="Tangbe">Tangbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo_Manthang_Palace" title="Lo Manthang Palace">Lo Manthang Palace</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-RD1998-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RD1998_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RD1998_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RD1998_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRaffaele1998" class="citation journal cs1">Raffaele, Paul (April 1998). "Into the Forbidden Kingdom of Mustang". <i>Reader's Digest</i>. 421. <b>71</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reader%27s+Digest&rft.atitle=Into+the+Forbidden+Kingdom+of+Mustang&rft.volume=71&rft.date=1998-04&rft.aulast=Raffaele&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUpper+Mustang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/aljazeeracorrespondent/2011/10/201110912360944324.html">Mustang: A Kingdom on the Edge</a><a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Arabic" title="Al Jazeera Arabic">Al Jazeera</a> Correspondent <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200612100150/https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/aljazeeracorrespondent/2011/10/201110912360944324.html">Archived</a> 2020-06-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://flagspot.net/flags/np-must.html">"Principality of Mustang, Nepal"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Principality+of+Mustang%2C+Nepal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fflagspot.net%2Fflags%2Fnp-must.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUpper+Mustang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090304064713/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-10/08/content_10167598.htm">China View news</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-38357081">"Nepal remembers Bista, last king of Upper Mustang"</a>. <i>bbc.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=Nepal+remembers+Bista%2C+last+king+of+Upper+Mustang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-38357081&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUpper+Mustang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020421/spectrum/travel.htm">Wild, windy and harsh, yet stunningly beautiful</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sunday Tribune">The Sunday Tribune</a>; April 21, 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPeissel1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Peissel" title="Michel Peissel">Peissel, Michel</a> (1992) [1967]. <i>Mustang - A Lost Tibetan Kingdom</i> (2nd ed.). Pilgrims Book House. pp. <span class="nowrap">227–</span>31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mustang+-+A+Lost+Tibetan+Kingdom&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E227-%3C%2Fspan%3E31&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Pilgrims+Book+House&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Peissel&rft.aufirst=Michel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUpper+Mustang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/international/story/0,,2072736,00.html">Shepherd leads experts to ancient Buddha cave paintings</a>; <a href="/wiki/Guardian_Unlimited" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardian Unlimited">Guardian Unlimited</a>; May 4, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kathmandupost.com/money/2023/11/12/beijing-to-reopen-fourth-border-point-with-nepal">"Beijing to reopen fourth border point with Nepal"</a>. Kathmandu Post. 12 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Beijing+to+reopen+fourth+border+point+with+Nepal&rft.date=2023-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkathmandupost.com%2Fmoney%2F2023%2F11%2F12%2Fbeijing-to-reopen-fourth-border-point-with-nepal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUpper+Mustang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2007/05/19/2003361588/1">"New highway divides isolated Buddhist kingdom of Mustang"</a>. <i>Taipei Times</i>. Taipei, Taiwan. AFP. May 19, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Dec 14,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=New+highway+divides+isolated+Buddhist+kingdom+of+Mustang&rft.date=2007-05-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Feditorials%2Farchives%2F2007%2F05%2F19%2F2003361588%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUpper+Mustang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-horizonguides.com-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-horizonguides.com_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-horizonguides.com_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://horizonguides.com/guides/nepal-trekking/treks-in-the-upper-mustang-region">"The Best Upper Mustang Treks: An Expert Guide - Horizon Guides"</a>. <i>horizonguides.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-01-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=horizonguides.com&rft.atitle=The+Best+Upper+Mustang+Treks%3A+An+Expert+Guide+-+Horizon+Guides&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhorizonguides.com%2Fguides%2Fnepal-trekking%2Ftreks-in-the-upper-mustang-region&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUpper+Mustang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mustangtrekkinginnepal.com/tiji-festival/">"About Tiji Festival"</a>. <i>www.mustangtrekkinginnepal.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mustangtrekkinginnepal.com&rft.atitle=About+Tiji+Festival&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mustangtrekkinginnepal.com%2Ftiji-festival%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUpper+Mustang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.voanews.com/tibetan-english/news/world/Mustang-to-Bar-Tourists-to-Protest--101657173.html">Mustang to Bar Tourists</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Peissel,_Michel" class="mw-redirect" title="Peissel, Michel">Peissel, Michel</a> [1967]. <i>Mustang, a Lost Tibetan Kingdom</i>, Books Faith, 2002</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Peissel" title="Michel Peissel">Michel Peissel</a> (1967). <i>Mustang – A lost Tibetan Kingdom</i>. Dutton, New York.</li> <li>Clara Marullo (1995). <i>The Last Forbidden Kingdom, Mustang: Land of Tibetan Buddhism</i>. Photographs by Vanessa Schuurbeque. Charles E. Tuttle Co., Ltd., Rutland, Vermont. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8048-3061-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8048-3061-4">0-8048-3061-4</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Matthiessen" title="Peter Matthiessen">Peter Matthiessen</a> (1996). <i>East of Lo Monthang – In the Land of Mustang</i>. Photography by Thomas Laird. Shambhala Publications, Berkeley, Cal.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Documentaries">Documentaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Documentaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130225174800/http://documentaryhive.com/lost-treasures-of-tibet/">Lost Treasures of Tibet</a>, 2003–2–18.</li> <li><i>The Last Lost Kingdom</i>, a Feature Documentary by Larry Levene.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mustang_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="commons:Mustang Kingdom">Mustang Kingdom</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Upper_Mustang&params=29_05_N_83_55_E_region:NP_source:dewiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">29°05′N</span> <span class="longitude">83°55′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">29.083°N 83.917°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">29.083; 83.917</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&oldid=1281945066">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Upper_Mustang&oldid=1281945066</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_monarchies_of_Asia" title="Category:Former monarchies of Asia">Former monarchies of Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_monarchies_of_Nepal" title="Category:Former monarchies of Nepal">Former monarchies of Nepal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tibetan_Buddhist_places" title="Category:Tibetan Buddhist places">Tibetan Buddhist places</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Unification_of_Nepal" title="Category:Unification of Nepal">Unification of Nepal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hill_stations_in_Nepal" title="Category:Hill stations in Nepal">Hill stations in Nepal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1380_establishments" title="Category:1380 establishments">1380 establishments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2008_disestablishments_in_Nepal" title="Category:2008 disestablishments in Nepal">2008 disestablishments in Nepal</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons link is on Wikidata">Commons link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 March 2025, at 12:35<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; 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