IL-2 Signaling Pathways: R&D Systems

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:[]},session_replay:{sampling_rate:10.0,mask_text_selector:"",block_selector:"",mask_input_options:{date:true,text_area:true,week:true,select:true,color:true,range:true,textarea:true,url:true,number:true,search:true,month:true,datetime_local:true,tel:true,text:true,time:true,email:true},enabled:true,error_sampling_rate:100.0},session_trace:{sampling_rate:10.0,mode:"PROBABILISTIC",enabled:true,error_sampling_rate:100.0}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={xpid:"UA8FUVBADwsIV1VaAgIH",licenseKey:"76fb58fb05",applicationID:"788348530"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-full-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>d});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function d(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>p,xN:()=>g});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const d="[data-nr-mask]",u=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(d):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=d:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,u());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},d={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},u={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!u[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return u[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");u[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,d),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(u[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(u[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=u[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>f,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>l,m:()=>c,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),f=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>d});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};u(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function d(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function u(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(u(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)g(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function g(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>d});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),d=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},u={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:g,addEventListener:g,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(d.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=p(e),u=c.length,l=0;l<u;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var g=v()[s[e]];g&&g.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:p,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function g(e,t){n[e]=p(e).concat(t)}function p(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return u[t]=u[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),u=(0,n.Zm)();u.ee||(u.ee=d)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>d});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function d(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>d,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},d={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>u,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>d,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function d(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function u(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,d="addEventListener",u="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[d,u],"-",g)}function g(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,d);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],d=e[c];u(d)||(e[c]=r(d,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return u(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){d([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,u,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],u="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){d([t,"",[o,a,s],u],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],u,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],u,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],u,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){d([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function d(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function u(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>d});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function d(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>u,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>d,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},d={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},u=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>d,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function d(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>d,Rz:()=>u,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,d="fn"+s,u="pushState",l=1e3},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),d=r(5289),u=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),g=r(6344);const p=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",g.G4.RECORD,g.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),R=r(3785),x=r(2646),w=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,w.YM)(i),a=new x.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();p.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),_=r(5603),O=r(5284);const N=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let I=!1;function P(e,t={},p,x){let{init:w,info:P,loader_config:j,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=p;const H=(0,h.pV)();P||(w=H.init,P=H.info,j=H.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,w||{}),(0,_.a)(e.agentIdentifier,j||{}),P.jsAttributes??={},u.bv&&(P.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,P);const D=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),L=[P.beacon,P.errorBeacon];I||(D.proxy.assets&&(N(D.proxy.assets),L.push(D.proxy.assets)),D.proxy.beacon&&L.push(D.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===D.soft_navigations.enabled&&D.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...D.ajax.deny_list||[],...D.ajax.block_internal?L:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const p={};var x=s.ee.get(e),w=x.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,x.on(g.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var A="api-",S=A+"ixn-";function _(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}p.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,R.R)(x,e,t,r)},p.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),T(x,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{p[e]=I(A,e,!0,"api")})),p.addPageAction=I(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),p.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},p.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return _(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},p.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return _("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},p.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return _("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},p.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),x.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},p[g.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)(g.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,x)},p[g.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)(g.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,x)},p.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const N=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),h||(0,a.p)(S+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,x),function(){if(w.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw w.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{w.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,x),r?void 0:this}}function P(){r.e(891).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),x.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{N[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),p.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),p.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,x)},u.RI?(0,d.GG)((()=>P()),!0):P(),p}(e.agentIdentifier,x,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({95:"nr-full-compressor",222:"nr-full-recorder",891:"nr-full"}[e]+"-1.274.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var d=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),u=0;u<d.length;u++){var l=d[u];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={891:"sha512-Sx2xJQrHp2m/Ngn/ZcfBCUwNr2Xy/C5urYtWpfm3bWpil4spXOQGTtNwIfF5HvPGioGASn9QTyE4Z+zC7r7wcg==",222:"sha512-hMte3OWgwwYeisSiD7WCIx/6tT16zLaPjag9uF4tIZp7ybOvrJKbeyzhe4fz1tDbkdcdOMm8dvgPPLBatSAGeA==",95:"sha512-MPaT9dkHv16XzwEUVZPyqpN1do/Er1XFAZoIAPYWylmv+iGIThqN+GwQq27pUyAX7sNXVJQVZezH96p53Ks3Pg=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(g);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},g=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={959:0,85:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,d=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);d<a.length;d++)o=a[d],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function d(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var u=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),g=i(6154),p=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};g.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,p.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class R extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var x=i(384);var w=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class _ extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),g.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,w.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,w.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class N extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),P=i(3304);class j{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,P.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return D(e)?e:new j(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(D(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function H(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new j(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return D(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function D(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class L extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),g.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),g.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("err",[H(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var K=i(8990);let M=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===g.gm?0:(0,K.I)(e,U,(function(){return M++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,P.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=g.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=g.gm.MutationObserver,s=g.gm.Promise,c=g.gm.setInterval,d="readystatechange",u=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=g.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(d,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,u,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(p?p.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var p=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===d||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",Q=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],J=g.gm.Request,ee=g.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(J&&ee&&g.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,Q.forEach((e=>{r(J[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(g.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),d={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(d.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),d.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(d.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),d}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof g.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,P.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),de=["load","error","abort","timeout"],ue=de.length,le=(0,x.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,x.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,w.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};g.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};ge(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=x,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),g.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},ge(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<ue;s++)r.addEventListener(de[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function d(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function u(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function p(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&g.RI&&(t=""+g.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:g.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:g.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),ge(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function R(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function x(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<ue;t++)e.removeEventListener(de[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,w.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",d),t.on("xhr-load-added",u),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",p),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",R)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function ge(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const pe={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!g.RI||pe[t.debugId]++||(pe[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:Re,d3:xe,Kp:we,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class _e extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,w.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+we,(function(e){(0,w.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,w.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:Re,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class Ne extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,p.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,w.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,p.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#d=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#d){this.#d=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(891),i.e(222)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3333);class Pe extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Ie.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];g.RI&&e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(Ie.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,w.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),Ie.qN.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,w.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var je=i(993),Ce=i(3785);class ke extends b{static featureName=je.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,je.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,Ce.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),g.gm?(this.features={},(0,x.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(R),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,u.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=d(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,x.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[R,_,_e,Ne,he,N,L,Pe,ke],loaderType:"pro"})})()})();</script> <link rel="profile" href="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta name="keywords" content="" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways/il2-signaling-pathways" /> <meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en-us" /> <link href="https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways/il2-signaling-pathways" rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" /> <link href="https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways/il2-signaling-pathways" rel="alternate" hreflang="en" /> <link href="https://www.rndsystems.com/cn/pathways/il2-signaling-pathways" rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-cn" /> <meta name="baidu-site-verification" content="NoHNFT2tiZ" /> <title>IL-2 Signaling Pathways: R&D Systems</title> <meta name="description" content="Explore IL-2 Signaling and biological process with our interactive pathways. Learn more." /> <script id="json-ld" type="application/ld+json">[{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"WebPage","breadcrumb":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Thing","@id":"https://www.rndsystems.com/","name":"Home"}},{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Thing","@id":"https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways","name":"Interactive Pathways & Processes"}},{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Thing","@id":"https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways/il2-signaling-pathways","name":"IL-2 Signaling Pathways "}}]},"potentialaction":{"query":""}}]</script> <meta name="generator" content="Drupal 7 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.rndsystems.com/node/4706" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="www.rndsystems.com" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways/il2-signaling-pathways" /> <meta property="og:title" content="IL-2 Signaling Pathways" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/Social/2019RnDSystemslogoV.png" /> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.core.min.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.theme.min.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.menu.min.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.autocomplete.min.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/modules/system/system.base.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/css/blueimp-gallery.min.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/css/datatables.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_quickorder_responsive/css/et_quickorder_responsive.css?snl6xl"); </style> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.tooltip.min.css?snl6xl"); </style> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/colorbox_node/colorbox_node.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_bestseller_products/css/styles.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_datasheet_page_alert/css/et_datasheet_page_alert.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_internationalization/css/et_internationalization.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_product_page_promo/css/et_product_page_promo.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_recommendation_engine/css/et_recommendation_engine.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_recommendation_engine/css/owl.carousel.min.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_recommendation_engine/css/owl.theme.default.min.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_searchbar_autocomplete/css/et_searchbar_autocomplete.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_top_scroll/css/top_scroll.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/modules/field/theme/field.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/modules/node/node.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/views/css/views.css?snl6xl"); </style> <style>.infobox_section{border:thin solid black;padding:10px;margin-bottom:5px;} </style> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/userInterface/ckeditor/css/ckeditor.css?snl6xl"); </style> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/ctools/css/ctools.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_messages/et_messages_admin.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_messages/skins/default/et_messages.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/et_pathways2/css/et_pathways.css?snl6xl"); </style> <style>#ind_pathways_adipokines___insulin_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/adipocytokines-insulin-signaling.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_apoptosis_signaling_pathway > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/apoptosis-signaling-pathways.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_b_cell_development_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/250x109_b-cell-development-pathways_tn_border-2.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_blood_coagulation_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/blood-coagulation-signaling.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_cardiotrophin_1_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/ct1-pathway-tn.jpg) center center;} #ind_pathways_cardiotrophin_like_cytokine_clc_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/clc-pathway-tn.jpg) center center;} #ind_pathways_chemokine_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/chemokine-signaling-pathways-thumb.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_chemokine_superfamily_pathway__human_mouse_ligand_receptor_interactions > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/chemokine-superfamily.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_cntf_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/cntf-pathway-tn.jpg) center center;} #ind_pathways_common_cytokine_receptor_gamma_chain_family_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/common-cytokine-receptor-gamma-chain-family.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_dendritic_cell_lineage_development_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/dendritic-cells-developmental-lineage-pathway_tn.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_fgf_family_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/dv_pathways_fgf-family-signaling-pathways-thumb.png?v=1) center center;} #ind_pathways_iga_producing_b_cells_in_the_intestine > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/iga-producing-b-cells.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_1_family_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-1-pathway-700x305.png?v=3) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_10_cytokine_family_signaling_pathway > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-10-thumbnail.png?t=2) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_11_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-11-pathway-tn.jpg?v=2) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_12_family_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-12-signaling-thumb.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_15_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-15-signaling-pathways.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_15_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-15-singaling-pathways-effects.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_17_family_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-17-signaling-pathways.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_2_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-2-signaling-pathways.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_2_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-2-signaling-pathways-effects.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_21_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-21-signaling-pathways.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_21_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-21-signaling-pathways-effects.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_27_p28_il_30_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-27-pathway-tn.jpg?v=2) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_31_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-31-pathway-tn.jpg?v=2) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_4_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-4-signaling-pathways.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_4_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-4-signaling-pathways-effects.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_6_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-6-pathway-tn.jpg) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_7_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-7signaling-pathways.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_7_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-7-signaling-pathways-effects.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_9_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-9-signaling-pathways.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_il_9_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/il-9-signaling-pathways-effects.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_inflammasome_activation_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/inflammasome-activation-pathways.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_innate_lymphoid_cell_differentiation_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/innate-lymphoid-cells-differentiation.jpg) center center;} #ind_pathways_lif_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/lif-pathway-tn.jpg) center center;} #ind_pathways_mdsc_mediated_mechanisms_of_immunosuppression > a:before{background:url(http://resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/mdsc-pathways-700x305.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_mechanisms_of_regulatory_t_cell_mediated_suppression > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/mechanisms-of-regulatory-t-cell-pathways-250x109-LG.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_mechanisms_of_tumor_associated_macrophage_tam_mediated_immunosuppression > a:before{background:url(https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/tam-pathways-700x269.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_mechanisms_of_tumor_derived_exosome_tex_mediated_immunosuppression > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/tex-pathway-700x269.jpg) center center;} #ind_pathways_natural_killer_cell_receptors__human_target_cell_–_nk_cell_ligand_receptor_interactions > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/250x109_nkcells_tn.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_neuropoietin_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/np-pathway-tn.jpg?v=2) center center;} #ind_pathways_nod_like_receptor_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/nod-like-receptors.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_oncostatin_m_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/osm-pathway-tn.jpg) center center;} #ind_pathways_pathogen_or_damage_activated_c_type_lectin_receptor_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/pathogen-damage-activated-c-type.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_t_cell_co_signaling_pathway__ligand_receptor_interactions > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/t-cell-co-signaling-tn4.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_tgf_beta_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/tgf-beta-signaling-pathways.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_th1_differentiation_pathway > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/th1-differentiation.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_th17_differentiation_pathway > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/th17-differentiation.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_th2_differentiation_pathway > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/th2-differentiation.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_tnf_superfamily_pathway__human_ligand_receptor_interactions___their_associated_functions > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/tnf-superfamily.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_toll_like_receptor_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/toll-like-receptor.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_type_i_interferon_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/interferons-type-1-250x109-tn.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_type_ii_interferon_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/interferons-type-2-250x109-tn.jpg) center center;} #ind_pathways_type_iii_interferon_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/interferons-type-3-250x109-tn.jpg) center center;} #ind_pathways_vegf___vegf_r2_signaling_pathways > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/vegf-vegf-r2-signaling-pathways.png) center center;} #ind_pathways_virus_detection_and_induction_of_antiviral_signaling_pathways_by_rig_i_like_receptors_rlr > a:before{background:url(//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/Thumbnails/rig-i-like-receptor.png) center center;} .pw-sprite{background-image:url(https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/pathway-images/gamma_chain_sprite.png);} .el-off1{width:44px;height:74px;background-position:-221px -323px;}.el-off1:hover{width:44px;height:74px;background-position:-277px -323px;}.el-hov1{width:44px;height:74px;background-position:-277px -323px;}.el-gray1{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov2{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-hov3{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off4{width:44px;height:72px;background-position:-370px -148px;}.el-off4:hover{width:44px;height:72px;background-position:-422px -148px;}.el-hov4{width:44px;height:72px;background-position:-422px -148px;}.el-gray4{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov5{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off6{width:44px;height:93px;background-position:-369px -37px;}.el-off6:hover{width:44px;height:93px;background-position:-423px -37px;}.el-hov6{width:44px;height:93px;background-position:-423px -37px;}.el-gray6{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov7{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off8{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -270px;}.el-off8:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -270px;}.el-hov8{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -270px;}.el-gray8{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov9{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off10{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -270px;}.el-off10:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -270px;}.el-hov10{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -270px;}.el-gray10{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov11{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off12{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -315px;}.el-off12:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -315px;}.el-hov12{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -315px;}.el-gray12{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov13{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off14{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -315px;}.el-off14:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -315px;}.el-hov14{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -315px;}.el-gray14{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov15{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off16{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -315px;}.el-off16:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -315px;}.el-hov16{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -315px;}.el-gray16{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov17{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off18{width:58px;height:36px;background-position:-37px -360px;}.el-off18:hover{width:54px;height:36px;background-position:-99px -360px;}.el-hov18{width:54px;height:36px;background-position:-99px -360px;}.el-gray18{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov19{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off21{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -36px;}.el-off21:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-hov21{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-gray21{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov22{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off23{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -36px;}.el-off23:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-hov23{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-gray23{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov24{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off25{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -36px;}.el-off25:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-hov25{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-gray25{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov26{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off27{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -36px;}.el-off27:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-hov27{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-gray27{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov28{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off29{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -36px;}.el-off29:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-hov29{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-gray29{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov30{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off31{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -36px;}.el-off31:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-hov31{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-gray31{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov32{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off33{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -36px;}.el-off33:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-hov33{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-gray33{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov34{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off35{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -165px;}.el-off35:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-hov35{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-gray35{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov36{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off37{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -165px;}.el-off37:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-hov37{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-gray37{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov38{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off39{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -165px;}.el-off39:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-hov39{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-gray39{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov40{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off41{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -165px;}.el-off41:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-hov41{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-gray41{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov42{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off43{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -165px;}.el-off43:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-hov43{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-gray43{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov44{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off45{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -165px;}.el-off45:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-hov45{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-gray45{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov46{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off47{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -165px;}.el-off47:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-hov47{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-gray47{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov48{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off49{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -165px;}.el-off49:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-hov49{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-81px -165px;}.el-gray49{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov50{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off51{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -36px;}.el-off51:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-hov51{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-gray51{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov52{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} .el-off53{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-36px -36px;}.el-off53:hover{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-hov53{width:36px;height:36px;background-position:-77px -36px;}.el-gray53{width:px;height:px;background-position:-px -px;} .el-hov54{color:#005696;border-bottom:dotted 1px;} </style> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/system/files/honeypot/honeypot.css?snl6xl"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/webform/css/webform.css?snl6xl"); </style> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.css" media="all" /> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/css/style.css?snl6xl"); </style>   <script defer="defer" src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/files/google_tag/language/google_tag.en.script.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/jquery/2.1/jquery.min.js?v=2.1.4"></script> <script>jQuery.migrateMute=true;jQuery.migrateTrace=false;</script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/jquery-migrate/1/jquery-migrate.min.js?v=1"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js?v=2.1.4"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js?v=2.1.4"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/jquery.once.js?v=1.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.core.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.widget.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/drupal.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery_cookie.js?v=1.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.position.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/ui/jquery.ui.position-1.13.0-backport.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.menu.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.autocomplete.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_searchbar/js/searchbar_autocomplete.js?v=1"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jQuery_cycle2.js?v=2.1.6"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery.blueimp-gallery.min.js?v=2.33.0"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/blueimp_et_handler.js?v=2.33.0"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery_hoverintent.js?v=1.8.1"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery_lazyload.js?v=1.9.1"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery_datatables.js?v=1.9.4"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery_tablesorter.js?v=2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/underscore.js?v=1.6.0"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/external/jquery.cookie.js?v=67fb34f6a866c40d0570"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/jquery.form/4/jquery.form.min.js?v=4.2.1"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_quickorder_responsive/js/et_quickorder_responsive.js?v=1.0.32"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.effect.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.effect-highlight.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.tooltip.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/form-single-submit.js?v=7.98"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/ajax.js?v=7.98"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/js/jquery_update.js?v=0.0.1"></script> <script src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script defer="defer" src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_onecall/js/et_onecall.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/fields/entityreference/js/entityreference.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_internationalization/js/et_internationalization.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jQuery_et.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_recommendation_engine/js/et_recommendation_engine.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_recommendation_engine/js/owl.carousel.min.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_top_scroll/js/top_scroll.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/marketo_ma/js/marketo_ma.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/libraries/colorbox/jquery.colorbox-min.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/libraries/DOMPurify/purify.min.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/colorbox/js/colorbox.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/colorbox/js/colorbox_load.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_cookie_policy/js/et_cookie_policy.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_internationalization/js/rnd_distributors.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_search/json_viewer/js/jsonviewer.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_searchbar/js/et_searchbar.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/themes/bootstrap/js/misc/_progress.js?v=7.98"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/et_commerce/et_atc_blocks/js/et_atc_blocks.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/et_commerce/et_atc_blocks/js/et_atc_cart_summary.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_combined_seo/js/et_combined_seo.js?snl6xl"></script> <script>var dataLayer = dataLayer || []; dataLayer.push({"email": ""});</script> <script>var dataLayer = dataLayer || [] dataLayer.push({"event":"userRole","userRole":"anonymous user"});</script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_messages/et_messages.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/et_pathways2/js/new_pathways.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/webform/js/webform.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/rnd.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/et_mobile_theme.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/rnd_menu.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/jquery.livequery.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/jquery.cluetip.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/distributors.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/et_atc_blocks.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/blueimp.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/colorbox_node/colorbox_node.js?snl6xl"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/themes/bootstrap/js/misc/ajax.js?snl6xl"></script> <script>jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","setHasJsCookie":0,"ajaxPageState":{"theme":"RnD_2017","theme_token":"vVkcqK3W41YA5-hfo-WlNSe4nnazIqEVGbKswmRTi3I","jquery_version":"2.1","js":{"0":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/bootstrap.js":1,"public:\/\/google_tag\/language\/google_tag.en.script.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery\/2.1\/jquery.min.js":1,"1":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery-migrate\/1\/jquery-migrate.min.js":1,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":1,"misc\/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.core.min.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.widget.min.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery_cookie.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.position.min.js":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.position-1.13.0-backport.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.menu.min.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.autocomplete.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_searchbar\/js\/searchbar_autocomplete.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jQuery_cycle2.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery.blueimp-gallery.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/blueimp_et_handler.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery_hoverintent.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery_lazyload.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery_datatables.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery_tablesorter.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/underscore.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/external\/jquery.cookie.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery.form\/4\/jquery.form.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_quickorder_responsive\/js\/et_quickorder_responsive.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.effect.min.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.effect-highlight.min.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.tooltip.min.js":1,"misc\/form-single-submit.js":1,"misc\/ajax.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/js\/jquery_update.js":1,"https:\/\/resources.rndsystems.com\/bootstrap\/bootstrap.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_onecall\/js\/et_onecall.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/fields\/entityreference\/js\/entityreference.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_internationalization\/js\/et_internationalization.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jQuery_et.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_recommendation_engine\/js\/et_recommendation_engine.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_recommendation_engine\/js\/owl.carousel.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_top_scroll\/js\/top_scroll.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/marketo_ma\/js\/marketo_ma.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/colorbox\/jquery.colorbox-min.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/DOMPurify\/purify.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/colorbox\/js\/colorbox.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/colorbox\/js\/colorbox_load.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_cookie_policy\/js\/et_cookie_policy.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_internationalization\/js\/rnd_distributors.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_search\/json_viewer\/js\/jsonviewer.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_searchbar\/js\/et_searchbar.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/misc\/_progress.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/et_commerce\/et_atc_blocks\/js\/et_atc_blocks.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/et_commerce\/et_atc_blocks\/js\/et_atc_cart_summary.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_combined_seo\/js\/et_combined_seo.js":1,"2":1,"3":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_messages\/et_messages.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/et_pathways2\/js\/new_pathways.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/webform\/js\/webform.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/rnd.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/et_mobile_theme.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/rnd_menu.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/jquery.livequery.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/jquery.cluetip.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/distributors.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/et_atc_blocks.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/blueimp.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/colorbox_node\/colorbox_node.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/misc\/ajax.js":1},"css":{"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.core.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.theme.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.menu.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.autocomplete.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/css\/blueimp-gallery.min.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/css\/datatables.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_quickorder_responsive\/css\/et_quickorder_responsive.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.tooltip.css":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/colorbox_node\/colorbox_node.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_bestseller_products\/css\/styles.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_datasheet_page_alert\/css\/et_datasheet_page_alert.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_internationalization\/css\/et_internationalization.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_product_page_promo\/css\/et_product_page_promo.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_recommendation_engine\/css\/et_recommendation_engine.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_recommendation_engine\/css\/owl.carousel.min.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_recommendation_engine\/css\/owl.theme.default.min.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_searchbar_autocomplete\/css\/et_searchbar_autocomplete.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_top_scroll\/css\/top_scroll.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"0":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/userInterface\/ckeditor\/css\/ckeditor.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_messages\/et_messages_admin.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_messages\/skins\/default\/et_messages.css":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/et_pathways2\/css\/et_pathways.css":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/et_pathways2\/css\/et_pathways2.css":1,"1":1,"2":1,"3":1,"4":1,"5":1,"6":1,"7":1,"8":1,"9":1,"10":1,"11":1,"12":1,"13":1,"14":1,"15":1,"16":1,"17":1,"18":1,"19":1,"20":1,"21":1,"22":1,"23":1,"24":1,"25":1,"26":1,"27":1,"28":1,"29":1,"30":1,"31":1,"32":1,"33":1,"34":1,"35":1,"36":1,"37":1,"38":1,"39":1,"40":1,"41":1,"42":1,"43":1,"44":1,"45":1,"46":1,"47":1,"48":1,"49":1,"50":1,"51":1,"52":1,"53":1,"54":1,"55":1,"56":1,"57":1,"58":1,"59":1,"60":1,"61":1,"62":1,"63":1,"64":1,"65":1,"66":1,"67":1,"68":1,"69":1,"70":1,"71":1,"72":1,"73":1,"74":1,"75":1,"76":1,"77":1,"78":1,"79":1,"80":1,"81":1,"82":1,"83":1,"84":1,"85":1,"86":1,"87":1,"88":1,"89":1,"90":1,"91":1,"92":1,"93":1,"94":1,"95":1,"96":1,"97":1,"98":1,"99":1,"100":1,"101":1,"102":1,"103":1,"104":1,"105":1,"106":1,"107":1,"108":1,"109":1,"110":1,"111":1,"private:\/\/honeypot\/honeypot.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/webform\/css\/webform.css":1,"https:\/\/resources.rndsystems.com\/bootstrap\/drupal-bootstrap.min.css":1,"https:\/\/resources.rndsystems.com\/bootstrap\/bootstrap.min.css":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/css\/style.css":1}},"colorbox":{"transition":"elastic","speed":"350","opacity":"0.85","slideshow":false,"slideshowAuto":true,"slideshowSpeed":"2500","slideshowStart":"start slideshow","slideshowStop":"stop slideshow","current":"{current} of {total}","previous":"\u00ab Prev","next":"Next \u00bb","close":"Close","overlayClose":true,"returnFocus":true,"maxWidth":"98%","maxHeight":"98%","initialWidth":"300","initialHeight":"250","fixed":true,"scrolling":false,"mobiledetect":true,"mobiledevicewidth":"480px","file_public_path":"\/sites\/rndsystems.com\/files","specificPagesDefaultValue":"admin*\nimagebrowser*\nimg_assist*\nimce*\nnode\/add\/*\nnode\/*\/edit\nprint\/*\nprintpdf\/*\nsystem\/ajax\nsystem\/ajax\/*"},"country_name":"United States","et_internationalization":{"social":" \u003Ctable\u003E\n \u003Ctr\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fp_social_facebook\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EFind us on Facebook\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003C\/tr\u003E\n \u003Ctr\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.twitter.com\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fp_social_twitter social\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.twitter.com\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022social_text\u0022\u003EFollow us on Twitter\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003C\/tr\u003E\n \u003Ctr\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fp_social_youtube social\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022social_text\u0022\u003EWatch us on YouTube\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003C\/tr\u003E\n \u003Ctr\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/r\u0026amp;d-systems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fp_social_linkedin social\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/r\u0026amp;d-systems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022social_text\u0022\u003EConnect with us on LinkedIn\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003C\/tr\u003E\n \u003C\/table\u003E","distphone":"(65) 62720788"},"et_onecall":{"active":"true"},"et_searchbar":{"min_chars":"2"},"etMessages":{"position":"center","vertical":"0","horizontal":"10","fixed":1,"width":"400px","autoclose":0,"opendelay":"0.3","disable_autoclose":0,"show_countdown":1,"hover_autoclose":1,"popin":{"effect":"fadeIn","duration":"slow"},"popout":{"effect":"fadeIn","duration":"slow"}},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/pathways\/il2-signaling-pathways":true},"et_quickorder_responsive":{"enabled":false,"show_cart":"0","display_price":"0","isDistributor":false},"colorbox_node":{"width":"600px","height":"600px"},"bootstrap":{"anchorsFix":"0","anchorsSmoothScrolling":"0","formHasError":1,"popoverEnabled":1,"popoverOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"right","selector":"","trigger":"click","triggerAutoclose":1,"title":"","content":"","delay":0,"container":"body"},"tooltipEnabled":1,"tooltipOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"auto left","selector":"","trigger":"hover focus","delay":0,"container":"body"}}});</script>                <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/favicon32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/favicon16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/favicon.ico"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="R&D Systems"> <meta name="application-name" content="R&D Systems"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in no-sidebars page-node page-node- page-node-4706 node-type-pathways i18n-en">     <div id="skip-link"> <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div class="region region-page-top"> <noscript aria-hidden="true"><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5JK4G7" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> </div> <header id="header" role="banner">   <div id="bb_container"> <div id="brands_bar"> <div class="region region-brands-bar"> <section id="block-bt-brands-bar-bt-brands-bar" class="block block-bt-brands-bar clearfix"> <li class="bb_biotechne"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Bio-Techne"></a></li><li class="bb_rndsystems active"><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" aria-label="R&D Systems"></a></li><li class="bb_novusbio"><a href="https://www.novusbio.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Novus Biologicals"></a></li><li class="bb_tocris"><a href="https://www.tocris.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Tocris Bioscience"></a></li><li class="bb_proteinsimple"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/brands/proteinsimple" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="ProteinSimple"></a></li><li class="bb_biospacific"><a href="https://www.biospacific.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="BiosPacific"></a></li><li class="bb_cliniqa"><a href="https://www.cliniqa.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Cliniqa"></a></li><li class="bb_acd"><a href="https://acdbio.com/ " rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="ACD"></a></li><li class="bb_rndheme"><a href="https://www.rndheme.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="R&D Heme"></a></li> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div id="hd_container"> <div id="logo_block"> <section id="block-logo-block-logo" class="block block-logo-block clearfix"> <a href="/" title="RnD Systems" class="active"></a> </section> </div> <div id="search_bar"> <div class="region region-search-bar"> <section id="block-et-searchbar-et-searchbar-bar" class="block block-et-searchbar clearfix"> <form name="et_searchbar" method="GET" action="/search" class="search_form"><div class="et_searchbar"> <input autocomplete="off" name="keywords" type="text" class="et_searchbar_wide et_searchbar_default" value="" placeholder="Search keyword, molecule name, target, catalog number, or product type" data-default="" spellcheck="false"/><input type="submit" value="" class="search_btn fp_mag_glass_wideSearch"></div></form> </section> </div> </div> <div id="cart_menu_mobile" class="atc_cart_summary_icon"></div> <div id="account_menu_mobile"></div> <div id="account_menu"> <div class="region region-account-menu"> <section id="block-et-internationalization-country-dropdown" class="block block-et-internationalization clearfix"> <div id="internationalization_country_select"> <div class="internationalization_drop"></div> </div> </section> <section id="block-et-internationalization-sign-in" class="block block-et-internationalization clearfix"> <div id="sign_in"><a href="/user/login" rel="nofollow"><noscript>Account</noscript></a></div> </section> <section id="block-et-cookie-policy-cookie-policy" class="block block-et-cookie-policy clearfix"> <div></div> </section> <section id="block-et-atc-blocks-et-atc-cart-summary" class="block block-et-atc-blocks clearfix"> <ul class="menu nav"> <li class="first last leaf active"><div class="atc_blocks_items_in_cart" style="display:none;"></div></li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mm_container"> <div id="main_menu_mobile"></div> <nav id="main_menu"> <div class="region region-main-menu"> <section id="block-menu-menu-master-menu" class="block block-menu clearfix"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first expanded dropdown"><a href="/products" id="menu-master-menu-116406" data-target="#">Products <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first expanded dropdown"><span id="menu-master-menu-116611" data-target="#" class="nolink" tabindex="0">Products by Category <span class="caret"></span></span><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="third-level-menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/products/proteins" id="menu-master-menu-121156">Recombinant Proteins</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/good-manufacturing-practices-gmp-grade-proteins" id="menu-master-menu-116631">GMP Proteins</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/antibodies" id="menu-master-menu-120916">Antibodies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/elisas" id="menu-master-menu-120906">ELISAs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/cometassay" id="menu-master-menu-120986">CometAssay</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/luminex-assays-and-high-performance-assays" id="menu-master-menu-121061">Luminex Assays</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/luminex-instrumentation" id="menu-master-menu-120461">Luminex Instruments</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/cell-culture" id="menu-master-menu-121146">Cell Culture</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/stem-cell-products" id="menu-master-menu-122806">Stem Cell Products</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/small-molecules-peptides" id="menu-master-menu-116706">Small Molecules & Peptides</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/enzymes" id="menu-master-menu-121116">Enzymes</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/elispot-kits-fluorospot-kits" id="menu-master-menu-116731">ELISpots</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/cdna-clones" id="menu-master-menu-116736">cDNA Clones</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/flow-cytometry-workflow-solutions" id="menu-master-menu-120941">Flow Cytometry Workflow Solutions</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/products/proteome-profiler-antibody-arrays" id="menu-master-menu-116746">Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><span id="menu-master-menu-116616" data-target="#" class="nolink" tabindex="0">Products by Research Area <span class="caret"></span></span><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="third-level-menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/products/cell-therapy" id="menu-master-menu-116751">Cell Therapy</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/immunotherapy" id="menu-master-menu-116761">Immunotherapy</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/research-area/cancer" id="menu-master-menu-116771">Cancer</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/research-area/immunology" id="menu-master-menu-116781">Immunology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/research-area/neuroscience" id="menu-master-menu-116791">Neuroscience</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/cell-proliferation-viability-apoptosis" id="menu-master-menu-116821">Apoptosis and Cell Viability</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/activity-assays-reagents" id="menu-master-menu-116831">Biological Activity Assays</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/research-area/glycobiology" id="menu-master-menu-116836">Glycobiology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/research-area/cardiovascular-biology" id="menu-master-menu-116851">Cardiovascular Biology</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/products/ubiquitin-related-products" id="menu-master-menu-122741">Ubiquitin</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last leaf menu-background two-column menu_products_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/navigation/products05-2017b.jpg" alt="Our Products" /></div><span class="btn nolink" tabindex="0">Our Products</span></li></ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/services" id="menu-master-menu-116401" data-target="#">Services <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu short"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/services" id="menu-master-menu-121056">All Custom Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/protein-services" id="menu-master-menu-120591">Custom Protein Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/luminex-assays-custom-development-services" id="menu-master-menu-122756">Luminex Custom Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/custom-antibody-services" id="menu-master-menu-120551">Custom Antibody Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/assay-production-custom-development-services" id="menu-master-menu-116866">Assay Custom Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/custom-services-cell-gene-therapies" id="menu-master-menu-121151">Custom Services for Cell & Gene Therapies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/genome-engineering" id="menu-master-menu-122691">Genome Engineering Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/bioactivity-testing-services" id="menu-master-menu-116911">Bioactivity Testing Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/custom-chemistry" id="menu-master-menu-116901">Chemistry Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/bulk-quote-request" id="menu-master-menu-116916">Bulk/Custom Formulation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/custom-cdna-cloning" id="menu-master-menu-116926">Custom cDNA Cloning</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-background one-column menu_services_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/navigation/services12-15.jpg" alt="Expedite Your Research" /></div><h4>Expedite Your Research</h4><a href="/services" class="btn">Expedite Your Research</a></li><li class="last leaf"><a href="/services/gmp-antibody-services" id="menu-master-menu-122711">Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Antibody Services</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/pathways" id="menu-master-menu-116411" data-target="#">Pathways <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu short"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/pathways/cancer" id="menu-master-menu-116556">Cancer</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/cardiovascular-biology" id="menu-master-menu-116561">Cardiovascular Biology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/developmental-biology" id="menu-master-menu-116566">Development</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/glycobiology" id="menu-master-menu-116571">Glycobiology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/immunology" id="menu-master-menu-116576">Immunology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/neuroscience" id="menu-master-menu-116581">Neuroscience</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/proteases" id="menu-master-menu-116586">Proteases & Other Enzymes</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/signal-transduction" id="menu-master-menu-116591">Signal Transduction</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/stem-cells" id="menu-master-menu-116596">Stem Cell</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/ubiquitin-related-modifiers-and-pathways" id="menu-master-menu-116601">Ubiquitin, Related Modifiers, & Pathways</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways" id="menu-master-menu-116606">View All Pathways</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-background one-column menu_pathways_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/navigation/pathwaysXX.jpg" alt="Explore Our Interactive Pathways" /></div><h4>Award-Winning Interactive Pathways</h4><a href="/pathways" class="btn">Explore Our Interactive Pathways</a></li></ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/resources" id="menu-master-menu-116416" data-target="#">Resources <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu short"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/research-area" id="menu-master-menu-117016">Research Areas</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/protocols-troubleshooting-guides" id="menu-master-menu-117026">Protocols/Troubleshooting Guides/Videos</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/technical-information" id="menu-master-menu-117036">Technical Information</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/articles" id="menu-master-menu-117046">Articles</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/faqs" id="menu-master-menu-117056">Help & FAQs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/literature" id="menu-master-menu-117071">Literature</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/literature-request" id="menu-master-menu-117081">Request Literature</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/calculators" id="menu-master-menu-117091">Calculators</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/posters" id="menu-master-menu-117096">Posters</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/blog" id="menu-master-menu-117106">Blog</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/promotions" id="menu-master-menu-117121">Promotions</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/grants-scholarships/bio-techne-travel-grants" id="menu-master-menu-117126">Travel Grants</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-background one-column menu_resources_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/navigation/resources-2017.jpg" alt="Request Literature" /></div><h4>Posters, Brochures, Whitepapers & Reference Guides</h4><a href="/literature-request" class="btn">Request Literature</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/cell-markers" id="menu-master-menu-120471">Cell Markers</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/products/promotions/get-your-new-lab-and-running" id="menu-master-menu-121241">New Lab Program</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/quality" id="menu-master-menu-116421" data-target="#">R&D Systems Quality <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu short"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/quality" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116936">Quality Philosophy</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/people" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116946">People</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/place" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116956">Place</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/performance" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116966">Performance</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/product-development" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116976">Product Development</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/customer-satisfaction" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116986">Customer Satisfaction</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/rnd-systems-quality-advantage" title="" id="menu-master-menu-117001">The R&D Systems Quality Advantage</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/documents-certifications-and-faqs" title="" id="menu-master-menu-117006">Documents, Certifications, & FAQs</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-background one-column menu_quality_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/menu-backgrounds/scientists.jpg" alt="R&D Systems Quality" /></div><h4>Experts in Reagent Quality</h4><span class="btn nolink" tabindex="0">R&D Systems Quality</span></li></ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/about-us" id="menu-master-menu-116436" data-target="#">About Us <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu short"><li class="first leaf"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/about/careers" id="menu-master-menu-116481">Careers</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/brands" target="_blank" id="menu-master-menu-116491">Bio-Techne Brands</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://investors.bio-techne.com/" target="_blank" id="menu-master-menu-116501">Investor Relations</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-background one-column menu_about_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/navigation/aboutUsXX02.jpg" alt="Join Us" /></div><h4>Our People are Our Greatest Asset</h4><a href="/about-us/career-opportunities" class="btn">Join Us</a></li></ul></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/support/contact-us" id="menu-master-menu-116471">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <div class="breadcrumbs_wrapper"> <div class="breadcrumbs_container"> <div class="breadcrumb"><a href="/">Home</a> <span class="breadcrumb_separator">/</span> <a href="/pathways">Interactive Pathways & Processes</a> <span class="breadcrumb_separator">/</span> IL-2 Signaling Pathways </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-container container"> <section> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="row pw_content"> <div id="pw_menu" class="pw_left col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-3"> <div class="mobile_facet_wrapper"> <div class="search_mobile_buttons"> <div class="pw_toggle btn btn-tertiary"> Back to Pathways </div> </div> <div class="pw_menu_block"> <div class="et-pathways-topics pathway_menu_items"> <div class="pathways-block"> <h5 class="pathways-title"> <a href="/pathways">Interactive Pathways & Processes</a></h5> <ul class="pathways-ul" data-count="10" id="menuPathways"> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_cancer_pathways" action="/pathways/cancer" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/cancer" data-form="pathways_cancer_pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Cancer Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Cancer"> </form> </li> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_cardiovascular_biology_pathways" action="/pathways/cardiovascular-biology" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/cardiovascular-biology" data-form="pathways_cardiovascular_biology_pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Cardiovascular Biology Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="cardiovascular"> </form> </li> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_development_pathways" action="/pathways/developmental-biology" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/developmental-biology" data-form="pathways_development_pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Development Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="developmental-biology"> </form> </li> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_glycobiology_pathways" action="/pathways/glycobiology" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/glycobiology" data-form="pathways_glycobiology_pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Glycobiology Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Glycobiology"> </form> </li> <li class="pathways-li active"> <form id="pathways_immunology_pathways" action="/pathways/immunology" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/immunology" data-form="pathways_immunology_pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Immunology Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <ul> <form id="pathways_adipokines__insulin_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/adipokines-insulin-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/adipokines-insulin-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_adipokines__insulin_signaling_pathways"> Adipokines & Insulin Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_apoptosis_signaling_pathway" action="/pathways/apoptosis-signaling-pathway" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/apoptosis-signaling-pathway" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_apoptosis_signaling_pathway"> Apoptosis Signaling Pathway </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_b_cell_development_pathways" action="/pathways/b-cell-development-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/b-cell-development-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_b_cell_development_pathways"> B Cell Development Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_blood_coagulation_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/blood-coagulation-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/blood-coagulation-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_blood_coagulation_signaling_pathways"> Blood Coagulation Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_cardiotrophin-1_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/cardiotrophin-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/cardiotrophin-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_cardiotrophin-1_signaling_pathways"> Cardiotrophin-1 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_cardiotrophin-like_cytokine_clc_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/cardiotrophin-cytokine-clc-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/cardiotrophin-cytokine-clc-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_cardiotrophin-like_cytokine_clc_signaling_pathways"> Cardiotrophin-like Cytokine CLC Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_chemokine_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/chemokine-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/chemokine-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_chemokine_signaling_pathways"> Chemokine Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_chemokine_superfamily_pathway__human_mouse_ligand-receptor_interactions" action="/pathways/chemokine-superfamily-pathway-human-mouse-lig-recept-interactions" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/chemokine-superfamily-pathway-human-mouse-lig-recept-interactions" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_chemokine_superfamily_pathway__human_mouse_ligand-receptor_interactions"> Chemokine Superfamily Pathway: Human/Mouse Ligand-Receptor Interactions </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_cntf_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/cntf-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/cntf-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_cntf_signaling_pathways"> CNTF Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_common_cytokine_receptor_gamma-chain_family_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/common-cytokine-receptor-gamma-chain-family-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/common-cytokine-receptor-gamma-chain-family-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_common_cytokine_receptor_gamma-chain_family_signaling_pathways"> Common Cytokine Receptor Gamma-Chain Family Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_dendritic_cell_lineage_development_pathways" action="/pathways/dendritic-cell-lineage-development-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/dendritic-cell-lineage-development-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_dendritic_cell_lineage_development_pathways"> Dendritic Cell Lineage Development Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_fgf_family_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/fgf-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/fgf-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_fgf_family_signaling_pathways"> FGF Family Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_iga-producing_b_cells_in_the_intestine" action="/pathways/iga-producing-b-cells-in-the-intestine" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/iga-producing-b-cells-in-the-intestine" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_iga-producing_b_cells_in_the_intestine"> IgA-Producing B Cells in the Intestine </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-1_family_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il-1-family-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-1-family-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-1_family_signaling_pathways"> IL-1 Family Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-10_cytokine_family_signaling_pathway" action="/pathways/il-10-cytokine-family-signaling-pathway" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-10-cytokine-family-signaling-pathway" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-10_cytokine_family_signaling_pathway"> IL-10 Cytokine Family Signaling Pathway </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-11_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il-11-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-11-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-11_signaling_pathways"> IL-11 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-12_family_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il-12-family-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-12-family-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-12_family_signaling_pathways"> IL-12 Family Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-15_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il15-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il15-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-15_signaling_pathways"> IL-15 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-15_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types" action="/pathways/il-15-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-15-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-15_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types"> IL-15 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-17_family_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il17-family-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il17-family-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-17_family_signaling_pathways"> IL-17 Family Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-2_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il2-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class="active"> <a href="/pathways/il2-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-2_signaling_pathways"> IL-2 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-2_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types" action="/pathways/il-2-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-2-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-2_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types"> IL-2 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-21_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il21-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il21-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-21_signaling_pathways"> IL-21 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-21_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types" action="/pathways/il-21-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-21-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-21_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types"> IL-21 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-27_p28_il-30_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il-27-p28il-30-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-27-p28il-30-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-27_p28_il-30_signaling_pathways"> IL-27 p28/IL-30 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-31_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il-31-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-31-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-31_signaling_pathways"> IL-31 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-4_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il4-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il4-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-4_signaling_pathways"> IL-4 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-4_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types" action="/pathways/il-4-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-4-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-4_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types"> IL-4 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-6_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il-6-family-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-6-family-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-6_signaling_pathways"> IL-6 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-7_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il7-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il7-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-7_signaling_pathways"> IL-7 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-7_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types" action="/pathways/il-7-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-7-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-7_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types"> IL-7 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-9_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/il9-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il9-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-9_signaling_pathways"> IL-9 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_il-9_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types" action="/pathways/il-9-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/il-9-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_il-9_signaling_pathways_and_their_primary_biological_effects_in_different_immune_cell_types"> IL-9 Signaling Pathways and their Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_inflammasome_activation_pathways" action="/pathways/inflammasome-activation-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/inflammasome-activation-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_inflammasome_activation_pathways"> Inflammasome Activation Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_innate_lymphoid_cell_differentiation_pathways" action="/pathways/innate-lymphoid-cell-differentiation-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/innate-lymphoid-cell-differentiation-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_innate_lymphoid_cell_differentiation_pathways"> Innate Lymphoid Cell Differentiation Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_lif_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/lif-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/lif-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_lif_signaling_pathways"> LIF Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_mdsc-mediated_mechanisms_of_immunosuppression" action="/pathways/mdsc-mediated-mechanisms-of-immunosuppression" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/mdsc-mediated-mechanisms-of-immunosuppression" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_mdsc-mediated_mechanisms_of_immunosuppression"> MDSC-Mediated Mechanisms of Immunosuppression </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_mechanisms_of_regulatory_t_cell-mediated_suppression" action="/pathways/mechanisms-of-regulatory-t-cell-mediated-suppression" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/mechanisms-of-regulatory-t-cell-mediated-suppression" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_mechanisms_of_regulatory_t_cell-mediated_suppression"> Mechanisms of Regulatory T Cell-Mediated Suppression </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_mechanisms_of_tumor-associated_macrophage_tam-mediated_immunosuppression" action="/pathways/tumor-associated-macrophage-tam" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/tumor-associated-macrophage-tam" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_mechanisms_of_tumor-associated_macrophage_tam-mediated_immunosuppression"> Mechanisms of Tumor-Associated Macrophage TAM-Mediated Immunosuppression </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_mechanisms_of_tumor-derived_exosome_tex-mediated_immunosuppression" action="/pathways/mechanisms-tumor-derived-exosome-tex-mediated-immunosuppression" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/mechanisms-tumor-derived-exosome-tex-mediated-immunosuppression" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_mechanisms_of_tumor-derived_exosome_tex-mediated_immunosuppression"> Mechanisms of Tumor-derived Exosome TEX-mediated Immunosuppression </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_natural_killer_cell_receptors__human_target_cell_–_nk_cell_ligand-receptor_interactions" action="/pathways/natural-killer-cell-receptors-human-target-cell-nk-cell-ligand-receptor-interactions-pathway" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/natural-killer-cell-receptors-human-target-cell-nk-cell-ligand-receptor-interactions-pathway" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_natural_killer_cell_receptors__human_target_cell_–_nk_cell_ligand-receptor_interactions"> Natural Killer Cell Receptors: Human Target Cell – NK Cell Ligand-Receptor Interactions </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_neuropoietin_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/neuropoietin-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/neuropoietin-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_neuropoietin_signaling_pathways"> Neuropoietin Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_nod-like_receptor_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/nod-like-receptor-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/nod-like-receptor-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_nod-like_receptor_signaling_pathways"> NOD-like Receptor Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_oncostatin_m_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/oncostatin-m-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/oncostatin-m-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_oncostatin_m_signaling_pathways"> Oncostatin M Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_pathogen_or_damage-activated_c-type_lectin_receptor_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/pathogen-damage-activated-c-type-lectin-receptor-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/pathogen-damage-activated-c-type-lectin-receptor-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_pathogen_or_damage-activated_c-type_lectin_receptor_signaling_pathways"> Pathogen or Damage-activated C-Type Lectin Receptor Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_t_cell_co-signaling_pathway__ligand-receptor_interactions" action="/pathways/t-cell-co-signaling-pathway-lig-recept-interactions" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/t-cell-co-signaling-pathway-lig-recept-interactions" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_t_cell_co-signaling_pathway__ligand-receptor_interactions"> T Cell Co-Signaling Pathway: Ligand-Receptor Interactions </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_tgf-beta_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/tgf-beta-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/tgf-beta-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_tgf-beta_signaling_pathways"> TGF-beta Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_th1_differentiation_pathway" action="/pathways/th1-differentiation-pathway" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/th1-differentiation-pathway" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_th1_differentiation_pathway"> Th1 Differentiation Pathway </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_th17_differentiation_pathway" action="/pathways/th17-differentiation-pathway" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/th17-differentiation-pathway" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_th17_differentiation_pathway"> Th17 Differentiation Pathway </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_th2_differentiation_pathway" action="/pathways/th2-differentiation-pathway" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/th2-differentiation-pathway" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_th2_differentiation_pathway"> Th2 Differentiation Pathway </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_tnf_superfamily_pathway__human_ligand-receptor_interactions__their_associated_functions" action="/pathways/tnf-superfamily-pathway-human-lig-recept-interactions-their-associated-functions" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/tnf-superfamily-pathway-human-lig-recept-interactions-their-associated-functions" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_tnf_superfamily_pathway__human_ligand-receptor_interactions__their_associated_functions"> TNF Superfamily Pathway: Human Ligand-Receptor Interactions & their Associated Functions </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_toll-like_receptor_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/toll-like-receptor-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/toll-like-receptor-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_toll-like_receptor_signaling_pathways"> Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_type_i_interferon_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/type-i-interferon-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/type-i-interferon-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_type_i_interferon_signaling_pathways"> Type I Interferon Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_type_ii_interferon_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/type-ii-interferon-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/type-ii-interferon-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_type_ii_interferon_signaling_pathways"> Type II Interferon Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_type_iii_interferon_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/type-iii-interferon-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/type-iii-interferon-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_type_iii_interferon_signaling_pathways"> Type III Interferon Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_vegf_-_vegf_r2_signaling_pathways" action="/pathways/vegf-vegf-r2-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/vegf-vegf-r2-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_vegf_-_vegf_r2_signaling_pathways"> VEGF - VEGF R2 Signaling Pathways </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> <form id="pathways_virus_detection_and_induction_of_antiviral_signaling_pathways_by_rig-i-like_receptors_rlr" action="/pathways/rig-i-like-receptor-signaling-pathways" method="post"> <li class=""> <a href="/pathways/rig-i-like-receptor-signaling-pathways" class="pathway_link" data-form="pathways_virus_detection_and_induction_of_antiviral_signaling_pathways_by_rig-i-like_receptors_rlr"> Virus Detection and Induction of Antiviral Signaling Pathways by RIG-I-like Receptors RLR </a> </li> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Immunology"> </form> </ul> </li> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_neuroscience_pathways" action="/pathways/neuroscience" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/neuroscience" data-form="pathways_neuroscience_pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Neuroscience Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="Neuroscience"> </form> </li> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_proteases__other_enzymes_pathways" action="/pathways/proteases" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/proteases" data-form="pathways_proteases__other_enzymes_pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Proteases & Other Enzymes Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="proteases"> </form> </li> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_signal_transduction_pathways" action="/pathways/signal-transduction" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/signal-transduction" data-form="pathways_signal_transduction_pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Signal Transduction Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="signal-transduction"> </form> </li> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_stem_cell_pathways" action="/pathways/stem-cells" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/stem-cells" data-form="pathways_stem_cell_pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Stem Cell Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="stem-cells"> </form> </li> <li class="pathways-li "> <form id="pathways_ubiquitin_related_modifiers__pathways" action="/pathways/ubiquitin-related-modifiers-and-pathways" method="post"> <a href="/pathways/ubiquitin-related-modifiers-and-pathways" data-form="pathways_ubiquitin_related_modifiers__pathways" class="pathway_link"> <span class="icon-"> Ubiquitin, Related Modifiers, & Pathways </span> </a> <input type="hidden" name="pw_parent" value="ubiquitin-related-modifiers-and-pathways"> </form> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pw_right col-xs-12 col-sm-8 col-md-9"> <div class="search_mobile_buttons"> <div class="pw_menu_toggle btn btn-tertiary">Show Categories</div> </div> <div class="pw_header"> <h1>IL-2 Signaling Pathways </h1> <p id="pw-intro-txt">Click on the “Effects” button shown in the Explore Pathways box below to reveal the primary biological effects of IL-2 signaling in different immune cell types. Click on one of the other cytokines shown in the Explore Pathways box below for information on a different common cytokine receptor gamma-chain family member.<br></p> <div id="pw-con" data-mapname="CommonGammaChain_IL2" data-primary_segment="commongammachain_il2"> <div id="pw-main-nav-wrapper"> <div class="row"> <div id="pw-button-nav-top" class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12"> <div class="row"> <div id="pw-button-nav"> <div class="dropdown col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-4"> <button class="btn-pw" type="button" data-toggle="dropup">Explore Pathways<span class="caret"></span></button> <ul id="pathwaynav" class="dropdown-content"> <li class="pw_sm_btn-active"><a href="/pathways/il2-signaling-pathways"><span>IL-2</span></a></li> <li data-title="Pathway_CommonGammaGain_IL2_effects" class="pw_rdblue_ch pw_sm_btn" style=" margin-right:630px"><a href="/pathways/il-2-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" ><span>Effects</span></a></li> <li data-title="Pathway_CommonGammaChain_IL4" class="pw_rdblue_sm pw_sm_btn"><a href="/pathways/il4-signaling-pathways" ><span>IL-4</span></a></li> <li data-title="Pathway_CommonGammaChain_IL7" class="pw_rdblue_sm pw_sm_btn"><a href="/pathways/il7-signaling-pathways" ><span>IL-7</span></a></li> <li data-title="Pathway_CommonGammaChain_IL9" class="pw_rdblue_sm pw_sm_btn"><a href="/pathways/il9-signaling-pathways" ><span>IL-9</span></a></li> <li data-title="Pathway_CommonGammaChain_IL15" class="pw_rdblue_sm pw_sm_btn"><a href="/pathways/il15-signaling-pathways" ><span>IL-15</span></a></li> <li data-title="Pathway_CommonGammaChain_IL21" class="pw_rdblue_sm pw_sm_btn"><a href="/pathways/il21-signaling-pathways" ><span>IL-21</span></a></li> <li data-title="Pathway_CommonGammaChaingGeneral" class="pw_rdblue_sm pw_sm_btn"><a href="/pathways/common-cytokine-receptor-gamma-chain-family-signaling-pathways" ><span>General Signaling Pathway</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-5" > <div id="pw-nav-subtitle"> IL-2 Signaling Pathways </div> </div> <div id="pw-print-button-col" class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3" > <a href="#print-copy-form" id="btn-get-print-copy" class="btn btn-primary"><img class="btn-icon" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/icons/icon-image.svg"/> Get Print Copy</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="pw-map"> <div id="pw-maps"> <div id="el1_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray1 pw-gray" style="top:80px;left:360px;"> </div> <div id="el1_off" data-id="1" data-set="Commongammachain1" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off1" style="top:80px;left:360px;"> </div> <div id="el1_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="1"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el2_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray2 pw-gray" style="top:100px;left:382px;"> Common gamma chain </div> <div id="el2_off" data-id="2" data-set="Commongammachain1" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off2" style="top:100px;left:382px;"> Common gamma chain</div> <div id="el2_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="2"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/common-gamma-chain-il-2-r-gamma">Common gamma Chain/IL-2 R gamma</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el3_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray3 pw-gray" style="top:45px;left:384px;"> IL-2 </div> <div id="el3_off" data-id="3" data-set="IL-2" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off3" style="top:45px;left:384px;"> IL-2</div> <div id="el3_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="3"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-2">IL-2</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el4_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray4 pw-gray" style="top:74px;left:349px;"> </div> <div id="el4_off" data-id="4" data-set="IL-2Ralpha3" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off4" style="top:74px;left:349px;"> </div> <div id="el4_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="4"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/cd25-il-2-r-alpha">CD25/IL-2 R alpha</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el5_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray5 pw-gray" style="top:59px;left:277px;"> IL-2 R alpha </div> <div id="el5_off" data-id="5" data-set="IL-2Ralpha3" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off5" style="top:59px;left:277px;"> IL-2 R alpha</div> <div id="el5_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="5"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/cd25-il-2-r-alpha">CD25/IL-2 R alpha</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el6_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray6 pw-gray" style="top:81px;left:338px;"> </div> <div id="el6_off" data-id="6" data-set="IL-2IL-15Rbeta4" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off6" style="top:81px;left:338px;"> </div> <div id="el6_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="6"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-2-r-beta">IL-2 R beta</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el7_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray7 pw-gray" style="top:100px;left:265px;"> IL-2/IL-15 R beta </div> <div id="el7_off" data-id="7" data-set="IL-2IL-15Rbeta4" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off7" style="top:100px;left:265px;"> IL-2/IL-15 R beta</div> <div id="el7_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="7"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/il-2-r-beta">IL-2 R beta</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el8_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray8 pw-gray" style="top:124px;left:336px;"> </div> <div id="el8_off" data-id="8" data-set="Jak15" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off8" style="top:124px;left:336px;"> </div> <div id="el8_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="8"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/jak1">Jak1</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el9_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray9 pw-gray" style="top:130px;left:333px;"> Jak1 </div> <div id="el9_off" data-id="9" data-set="Jak15" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off9" style="top:130px;left:333px;"> Jak1</div> <div id="el9_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="9"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/jak1">Jak1</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el10_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray10 pw-gray" style="top:124px;left:372px;"> </div> <div id="el10_off" data-id="10" data-set="Jak36" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off10" style="top:124px;left:372px;"> </div> <div id="el10_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="10"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/jak3">Jak3</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el11_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray11 pw-gray" style="top:130px;left:382px;"> Jak3 </div> <div id="el11_off" data-id="11" data-set="Jak36" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off11" style="top:130px;left:382px;"> Jak3</div> <div id="el11_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="11"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/jak3">Jak3</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el12_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray12 pw-gray" style="top:200px;left:327px;"> </div> <div id="el12_off" data-id="12" data-set="STAT17" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off12" style="top:200px;left:327px;"> </div> <div id="el12_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="12"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat1">STAT1</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el13_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray13 pw-gray" style="top:208px;left:321px;"> STAT1 </div> <div id="el13_off" data-id="13" data-set="STAT17" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off13" style="top:208px;left:321px;"> STAT1</div> <div id="el13_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="13"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat1">STAT1</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el14_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray14 pw-gray" style="top:201px;left:372px;"> </div> <div id="el14_off" data-id="14" data-set="STAT38" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off14" style="top:201px;left:372px;"> </div> <div id="el14_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="14"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat3">STAT3</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el15_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray15 pw-gray" style="top:208px;left:369px;"> STAT3 </div> <div id="el15_off" data-id="15" data-set="STAT38" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off15" style="top:208px;left:369px;"> STAT3</div> <div id="el15_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="15"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat3">STAT3</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el16_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray16 pw-gray" style="top:239px;left:352px;"> </div> <div id="el16_off" data-id="16" data-set="STAT59" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off16" style="top:239px;left:352px;"> </div> <div id="el16_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="16"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5a-b">STAT5a/b</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5a">STAT5a</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5b">STAT5b</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el17_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray17 pw-gray" style="top:248px;left:349px;"> STAT5 </div> <div id="el17_off" data-id="17" data-set="STAT59" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off17" style="top:248px;left:349px;"> STAT5</div> <div id="el17_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="17"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5a-b">STAT5a/b</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5a">STAT5a</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5b">STAT5b</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el18_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray18 pw-gray" style="top:321px;left:425px;"> </div> <div id="el18_off" data-id="18" data-set="STATDimer10" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off18" style="top:321px;left:425px;"> </div> <div id="el18_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="18"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat1">STAT1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat3">STAT3</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5a-b">STAT5a/b</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5a">STAT5a</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5b">STAT5b</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el19_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray19 pw-gray" style="top:329px;left:438px;"> STAT Dimer </div> <div id="el19_off" data-id="19" data-set="STATDimer10" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off19" style="top:329px;left:438px;"> STAT Dimer</div> <div id="el19_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="19"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat1">STAT1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat3">STAT3</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5a-b">STAT5a/b</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5a">STAT5a</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/stat5b">STAT5b</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el20_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label2 el-gray20 pw-gray" style="top:10px;left:522px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox"><strong>IL-2 Receptor-Expressing Cells:</strong><br>T cells, B cells, natural killer cells,<br>monocytes, macrophages</h2> </div> <div id="el20_off" data-id="20" data-set="a" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label2 el-off20" style="top:10px;left:522px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox"><strong>IL-2 Receptor-Expressing Cells:</strong><br>T cells, B cells, natural killer cells,<br>monocytes, macrophages</h2></div> <div id="el20_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="20"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el21_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray21 pw-gray" style="top:222px;left:242px;"> </div> <div id="el21_off" data-id="21" data-set="PI3K176" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off21" style="top:222px;left:242px;"> </div> <div id="el21_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="21"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p55-gamma">PI 3-Kinase p55 gamma</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p85-alpha">PI 3-Kinase p85 alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p85-beta">PI 3-Kinase p85 beta</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p110-beta">PI 3-Kinase p110 beta</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p110-gamma">PI 3-Kinase p110 gamma</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p110-delta">PI 3-Kinase p110 delta</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-inhibitors">PI 3-Kinase Inhibitors</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-activators">PI 3-Kinase Activators</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el22_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray22 pw-gray" style="top:230px;left:244px;"> PI 3-K </div> <div id="el22_off" data-id="22" data-set="PI3K176" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off22" style="top:230px;left:244px;"> PI 3-K</div> <div id="el22_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="22"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p55-gamma">PI 3-Kinase p55 gamma</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p85-alpha">PI 3-Kinase p85 alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p85-beta">PI 3-Kinase p85 beta</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p110-beta">PI 3-Kinase p110 beta</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p110-gamma">PI 3-Kinase p110 gamma</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-p110-delta">PI 3-Kinase p110 delta</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-inhibitors">PI 3-Kinase Inhibitors</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pi-3-kinase-activators">PI 3-Kinase Activators</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el23_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray23 pw-gray" style="top:229px;left:107px;"> </div> <div id="el23_off" data-id="23" data-set="PDK1177" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off23" style="top:229px;left:107px;"> </div> <div id="el23_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="23"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pdk-1">PDK-1</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el24_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray24 pw-gray" style="top:237px;left:108px;"> PDK-1 </div> <div id="el24_off" data-id="24" data-set="PDK1177" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off24" style="top:237px;left:108px;"> PDK-1</div> <div id="el24_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="24"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/pdk-1">PDK-1</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el25_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray25 pw-gray" style="top:313px;left:107px;"> </div> <div id="el25_off" data-id="25" data-set="AktPKB178" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off25" style="top:313px;left:107px;"> </div> <div id="el25_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="25"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/akt">Akt</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/akt1">Akt1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/akt2">Akt2</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/akt3">Akt3</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/search?keywords=akt">All Akt Products</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el26_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray26 pw-gray" style="top:321px;left:103px;"> Akt/PKB </div> <div id="el26_off" data-id="26" data-set="AktPKB178" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off26" style="top:321px;left:103px;"> Akt/PKB</div> <div id="el26_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="26"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/akt">Akt</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/akt1">Akt1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/akt2">Akt2</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/akt3">Akt3</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/search?keywords=akt">All Akt Products</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el27_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray27 pw-gray" style="top:305px;left:185px;"> </div> <div id="el27_off" data-id="27" data-set="p70S6K179" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off27" style="top:305px;left:185px;"> </div> <div id="el27_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="27"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/p70-s6-kinase">p70 S6 Kinase</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el28_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray28 pw-gray" style="top:313px;left:179px;"> p70 S6K </div> <div id="el28_off" data-id="28" data-set="p70S6K179" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off28" style="top:313px;left:179px;"> p70 S6K</div> <div id="el28_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="28"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/p70-s6-kinase">p70 S6 Kinase</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el29_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray29 pw-gray" style="top:372px;left:68px;"> </div> <div id="el29_off" data-id="29" data-set="Bad180" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off29" style="top:372px;left:68px;"> </div> <div id="el29_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="29"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/bad">Bad</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el30_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray30 pw-gray" style="top:379px;left:75px;"> Bad </div> <div id="el30_off" data-id="30" data-set="Bad180" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off30" style="top:379px;left:75px;"> Bad</div> <div id="el30_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="30"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/bad">Bad</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el31_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray31 pw-gray" style="top:365px;left:161px;"> </div> <div id="el31_off" data-id="31" data-set="GSK3181" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off31" style="top:365px;left:161px;"> </div> <div id="el31_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="31"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/gsk-3-alpha-beta">GSK-3 alpha/beta</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/gsk-3-alpha">GSK-3 alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/gsk-3-beta">GSK-3 beta</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/search?keywords=GSK-3">All GSK-3 Products</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el32_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray32 pw-gray" style="top:373px;left:162px;"> GSK-3 </div> <div id="el32_off" data-id="32" data-set="GSK3181" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off32" style="top:373px;left:162px;"> GSK-3</div> <div id="el32_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="32"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/gsk-3-alpha-beta">GSK-3 alpha/beta</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/gsk-3-alpha">GSK-3 alpha</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/gsk-3-beta">GSK-3 beta</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/search?keywords=GSK-3">All GSK-3 Products</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el33_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray33 pw-gray" style="top:383px;left:110px;"> </div> <div id="el33_off" data-id="33" data-set="Forkhead182" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off33" style="top:383px;left:110px;"> </div> <div id="el33_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="33"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/foxo1-fkhr">FoxO1/FKHR</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/foxo3">FoxO3</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/search?keywords=foxo">All FoxO Products</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el34_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray34 pw-gray" style="top:390px;left:101px;"> Forkhead </div> <div id="el34_off" data-id="34" data-set="Forkhead182" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off34" style="top:390px;left:101px;"> Forkhead</div> <div id="el34_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="34"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/foxo1-fkhr">FoxO1/FKHR</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/foxo3">FoxO3</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/search?keywords=foxo">All FoxO Products</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el35_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray35 pw-gray" style="top:177px;left:457px;"> </div> <div id="el35_off" data-id="35" data-set="IRS183" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off35" style="top:177px;left:457px;"> </div> <div id="el35_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="35"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/irs1">IRS1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/irs2">IRS2</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el36_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray36 pw-gray" style="top:185px;left:466px;"> IRS </div> <div id="el36_off" data-id="36" data-set="IRS183" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off36" style="top:185px;left:466px;"> IRS</div> <div id="el36_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="36"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/irs1">IRS1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/irs2">IRS2</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el37_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray37 pw-gray" style="top:200px;left:458px;"> </div> <div id="el37_off" data-id="37" data-set="Shc184" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off37" style="top:200px;left:458px;"> </div> <div id="el37_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="37"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/shc1">SHC1</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el38_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray38 pw-gray" style="top:207px;left:466px;"> Shc </div> <div id="el38_off" data-id="38" data-set="Shc184" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off38" style="top:207px;left:466px;"> Shc</div> <div id="el38_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="38"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/shc1">SHC1</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el39_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray39 pw-gray" style="top:188px;left:475px;"> </div> <div id="el39_off" data-id="39" data-set="GRB2185" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off39" style="top:188px;left:475px;"> </div> <div id="el39_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="39"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/grb2">GRB2</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el40_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray40 pw-gray" style="top:191px;left:490px;"> GRB2 </div> <div id="el40_off" data-id="40" data-set="GRB2185" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off40" style="top:191px;left:490px;"> GRB2</div> <div id="el40_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="40"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/grb2">GRB2</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el41_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray41 pw-gray" style="top:202px;left:491px;"> </div> <div id="el41_off" data-id="41" data-set="SOS186" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off41" style="top:202px;left:491px;"> </div> <div id="el41_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="41"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/sos2">SOS2</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el42_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray42 pw-gray" style="top:209px;left:503px;"> SOS </div> <div id="el42_off" data-id="42" data-set="SOS186" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off42" style="top:209px;left:503px;"> SOS</div> <div id="el42_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="42"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/sos2">SOS2</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el43_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray43 pw-gray" style="top:204px;left:567px;"> </div> <div id="el43_off" data-id="43" data-set="Ras187" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off43" style="top:204px;left:567px;"> </div> <div id="el43_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="43"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/ras">Ras</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el44_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray44 pw-gray" style="top:210px;left:576px;"> Ras </div> <div id="el44_off" data-id="44" data-set="Ras187" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off44" style="top:210px;left:576px;"> Ras</div> <div id="el44_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="44"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/ras">Ras</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el45_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray45 pw-gray" style="top:250px;left:617px;"> </div> <div id="el45_off" data-id="45" data-set="Raf188" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off45" style="top:250px;left:617px;"> </div> <div id="el45_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="45"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/raf-1">Raf-1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/b-raf">B-Raf</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/a-raf">A-Raf</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el46_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray46 pw-gray" style="top:258px;left:625px;"> Raf </div> <div id="el46_off" data-id="46" data-set="Raf188" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off46" style="top:258px;left:625px;"> Raf</div> <div id="el46_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="46"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/raf-1">Raf-1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/b-raf">B-Raf</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/a-raf">A-Raf</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el47_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray47 pw-gray" style="top:330px;left:606px;"> </div> <div id="el47_off" data-id="47" data-set="MEK12189" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off47" style="top:330px;left:606px;"> </div> <div id="el47_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="47"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/mek1-mek2">MEK1/MEK2</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/mek1">MEK1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/mek2">MEK2</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el48_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray48 pw-gray" style="top:337px;left:604px;"> MEK1/2 </div> <div id="el48_off" data-id="48" data-set="MEK12189" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off48" style="top:337px;left:604px;"> MEK1/2</div> <div id="el48_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="48"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/mek1-mek2">MEK1/MEK2</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/mek1">MEK1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/mek2">MEK2</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el49_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray49 pw-gray" style="top:377px;left:503px;"> </div> <div id="el49_off" data-id="49" data-set="ERK12190" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off49" style="top:377px;left:503px;"> </div> <div id="el49_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="49"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/erk1-erk2">ERK1/ERK2</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/erk1">ERK1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/erk2">ERK2</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el50_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray50 pw-gray" style="top:385px;left:497px;"> ERK1/2 </div> <div id="el50_off" data-id="50" data-set="ERK12190" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off50" style="top:385px;left:497px;"> ERK1/2</div> <div id="el50_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="50"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/target/erk1-erk2">ERK1/ERK2</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/erk1">ERK1</a><br> <a target="_blank" href="/target/erk2">ERK2</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el51_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray51 pw-gray" style="top:127px;left:222px;"> </div> <div id="el51_off" data-id="51" data-set="PIP2191" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off51" style="top:127px;left:222px;"> </div> <div id="el51_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="51"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> We currently do not offer products for this molecule<br><br>Use our <a target="_blank" href="/products/product-suggestions?m=PIP2">Product Suggestion form</a> to enter a request.<br><br>You will be notified once it becomes available. </div> </div> <div id="el52_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray52 pw-gray" style="top:136px;left:231px;"> PIP<sub>2</sub> </div> <div id="el52_off" data-id="52" data-set="PIP2191" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off52" style="top:136px;left:231px;"> PIP<sub>2</sub></div> <div id="el52_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="52"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> We currently do not offer products for this molecule<br><br>Use our <a target="_blank" href="/products/product-suggestions?m=PIP2">Product Suggestion form</a> to enter a request.<br><br>You will be notified once it becomes available. </div> </div> <div id="el53_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-gray53 pw-gray" style="top:142px;left:130px;"> </div> <div id="el53_off" data-id="53" data-set="PIP3192" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-sprite el-off53" style="top:142px;left:130px;"> </div> <div id="el53_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="53"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/search?keywords=pip3">PIP3</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el54_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-gray54 pw-gray" style="top:150px;left:139px;"> PIP<sub>3</sub> </div> <div id="el54_off" data-id="54" data-set="PIP3192" data-type="No Products Click" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label el-off54" style="top:150px;left:139px;"> PIP<sub>3</sub></div> <div id="el54_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="54"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> <a target="_blank" href="/search?keywords=pip3">PIP3</a><br> </div> </div> <div id="el55_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label2 el-gray55 pw-gray" style="top:421px;left:94px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Anti-Apoptotic</h2> </div> <div id="el55_off" data-id="55" data-set="AntiApoptotic" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label2 el-off55" style="top:421px;left:94px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Anti-Apoptotic</h2></div> <div id="el55_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="55"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el56_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label2 el-gray56 pw-gray" style="top:385px;left:598px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Mitogenic</h2> </div> <div id="el56_off" data-id="56" data-set="Mitogenic" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label2 el-off56" style="top:385px;left:598px;"> <h2 class="pw_txtBox">Mitogenic</h2></div> <div id="el56_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="56"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> <div id="el57_gry" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label2 el-gray57 pw-gray" style="top:461px;left:495px;"> Target Genes </div> <div id="el57_off" data-id="57" data-set="target" data-type="" class="commongammachain_il2 pw-label2 el-off57" style="top:461px;left:495px;"> Target Genes</div> <div id="el57_ct" class="pw-tooltip" data-id="57"> <div class="pw-tooltip-head">Products<a href="#">Close</a></div> <div class="pw-tooltip-inner"> </div> </div> </div> <div id="pw-img"> <img id="cont-img" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/pathway-images/gamma_chain_il2_wedge.png" alt="IL-2 Signaling Pathways " style="height:553px"> </div> </div> <div id="pathway-description"><p><div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 col-xs-12"> <div class="featured-box"> <h2>Featured Literature</h2> <img id="gray" src="//resources.rndsystems.com/images/site/rnd-common-gamma-chain-cytokines-thumb.jpg" alt="Common gamma-Chain Family Cytokines Play a Pivotal Role in Regulating Immune System Functions Poster" width="100%"> <h3>Common gamma-Chain Family Cytokines Play a Pivotal Role in Regulating Immune System Functions Poster</h3> <a href="/resources/posters/common-gamma-chain-family-cytokines-play-pivotal-role-regulating-immune-system-functions" class="btn btn-senary" target="_blank">View Poster</a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-xs-12"> <div class="featured-box"> <h2>Featured Products</h2> <img src="//resources.rndsystems.com/images/site/rnd-common-cytokine-receptor-broc-thumb.jpg" alt="Common Cytokine Receptor gamma-Chain Family Brochure" width="100%"> <h3>Common Cytokine Receptor gamma-Chain Family Brochure</h3> <a href="/resources/literature/common-cytokine-receptor-gamma-chain-family-brochure" class="btn btn-senary" target="_blank">View Brochure</a> </div> </div> <div style="clear:both"> </div> </div> <h2>Overview of IL-2 Signaling Pathways</h2> <style type="text/css"> .container_16 {padding:0px !important;} .main.grid_16, .grid_16.base_rnd_css {width:1170px !important;} #pw-nav-con { width: 750px; height: inherit !important; background: none; } #pw-nav-con H2 { margin: 7px 0 5px 16px; padding: 5px 0; font-size: 19px; font-weight: inherit; width: 730px; border: none; } #pw-nav-con ul { margin: 0; padding: 0; height: 40px; } .pw-blu-btn { width: inherit; float: left; margin-left: 15px;} #pw-nav-con .pw-blu-btn a { background: #005F9E; border-top: 1px solid #005f9f;} #pw-nav-con .pw-blu-btn-active { border-top: none;} #pw-nav-con .pw-drk-blu-btn, #pw-nav-con li a /*request print button*/ { display: initial; padding: 5px 10px; font-weight: bold; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #005f9f; color: #090909; border-radius: 4px;} #pw-nav-con .pw-blu-btn-active { margin-left: 15px; float: left;} .related-information { background: #efefef; border: 1px solid #cccccc; position: relative; top: -54px;} .featured-links { display: block; text-decoration: none;} </style> <p>Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an O-glycosylated four alpha-helix bundle cytokine that is primarily produced by activated T cells, dendritic cells, and B cells. The biological activity of IL-2 is mediated by binding to a cell surface receptor complex consisting of IL-2 R alpha/CD25, IL-2/IL-15 R beta, and the common gamma-chain/IL-2 R gamma subunit. IL-2 can also bind with low affinity to IL-2 R alpha alone, or with intermediate affinity to a complex consisting of IL-2/IL-15 R beta and the common gamma-chain subunit. Functionally, IL-2 induces the expression of both IL-2 and IL-2 R alpha on activated CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and stimulates their proliferation. In contrast, IL-2 also plays an important role in the maintenance of peripheral self-tolerance both by initiating Fas-mediated activation-induced cell death of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells following antigen restimulation and by its ability to promote the differentiation and survival of regulatory T cells. Rather than displaying a severe immunodeficient phenotype, mice lacking IL-2, IL-2 R alpha, or IL-2 R beta accumulate activated T lymphocytes, have reduced numbers of regulatory T cells, and develop autoimmune diseases. This suggests that the maintenance of T cell homeostasis and prevention of self-reactivity is the primary function of IL-2 signaling. In addition, IL-2 may enhance the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells and be required for B cell proliferation and immunoglobulin production.</p> <p>To learn more, please visit our <a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/research-area/common-gamma-chain-receptor-family">Common gamma Chain Receptor Family Research Area</a>. </p>  </p></div> <div id="print-copy-form" class="accordion-wrapper"> <h3 class="builder-header builder-bead-type ui-accordion-header ui-helper-reset ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-accordion-icons" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapsePathwayRequest" aria-expanded="false" id="pathwayRequestAccordionHeader"> <span class="ui-accordion-header-icon" id="accordionArrow"></span> Get Print Copy of this Pathway </h3> <div class="collapse" id="collapsePathwayRequest"> <div id="pathwayRequestWebformWrapper"> <form class="webform-client-form webform-client-form-27981" action="/pathways/il2-signaling-pathways" method="post" id="webform-client-form-27981" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--first-name form-group form-item form-item-submitted-first-name form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-first-name">First Name <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-first-name" name="submitted[first_name]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--last-name form-group form-item form-item-submitted-last-name form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-last-name">Last Name <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-last-name" name="submitted[last_name]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-email webform-component--email-address form-group form-item form-item-submitted-email-address form-type-webform-email form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-email-address">Email Address <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="email form-control form-text form-email required" type="email" id="edit-submitted-email-address" name="submitted[email_address]" size="60" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--institution form-group form-item form-item-submitted-institution form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-institution">Institution <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-institution" name="submitted[institution]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--job-title form-group form-item form-item-submitted-job-title form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-job-title">Job Title</label> <input class="form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-submitted-job-title" name="submitted[job_title]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--department form-group form-item form-item-submitted-department form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-department">Department</label> <input class="form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-submitted-department" name="submitted[department]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--address-1 form-group form-item form-item-submitted-address-1 form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-address-1">Address 1 <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-address-1" name="submitted[address_1]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--address-2 form-group form-item form-item-submitted-address-2 form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-address-2">Address 2</label> <input class="form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-submitted-address-2" name="submitted[address_2]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--city form-group form-item form-item-submitted-city form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-city">City <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-city" name="submitted[city]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-select webform-component--state form-group form-item form-item-submitted-state form-type-select form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-state">State</label> <div class="select_wrapper"><select class="form-control form-select" id="edit-submitted-state" name="submitted[state]"><option value="" selected="selected">- None -</option><option value="AL">Alabama</option><option value="AK">Alaska</option><option value="AS">American Samoa</option><option value="AZ">Arizona</option><option value="AR">Arkansas</option><option value="CA">California</option><option value="CO">Colorado</option><option value="CT">Connecticut</option><option value="DE">Delaware</option><option value="DC">District of Columbia</option><option value="FL">Florida</option><option value="GA">Georgia</option><option value="GU">Guam</option><option value="HI">Hawaii</option><option value="ID">Idaho</option><option value="IL">Illinois</option><option value="IN">Indiana</option><option value="IA">Iowa</option><option value="KS">Kansas</option><option value="KY">Kentucky</option><option value="LA">Louisiana</option><option value="ME">Maine</option><option value="MH">Marshall Islands</option><option value="MD">Maryland</option><option value="MA">Massachusetts</option><option value="MI">Michigan</option><option value="MN">Minnesota</option><option value="MS">Mississippi</option><option value="MO">Missouri</option><option value="MT">Montana</option><option value="NE">Nebraska</option><option value="NV">Nevada</option><option value="NH">New Hampshire</option><option value="NJ">New Jersey</option><option value="NM">New Mexico</option><option value="NY">New York</option><option value="NC">North Carolina</option><option value="ND">North Dakota</option><option value="MP">Northern Marianas Islands</option><option value="OH">Ohio</option><option value="OK">Oklahoma</option><option value="OR">Oregon</option><option value="PW">Palau</option><option value="PA">Pennsylvania</option><option value="PR">Puerto Rico</option><option value="RI">Rhode Island</option><option value="SC">South Carolina</option><option value="SD">South Dakota</option><option value="TN">Tennessee</option><option value="TX">Texas</option><option value="UT">Utah</option><option value="VT">Vermont</option><option value="VI">Virgin Islands</option><option value="VA">Virginia</option><option value="WA">Washington</option><option value="WV">West Virginia</option><option value="WI">Wisconsin</option><option value="WY">Wyoming</option></select></div></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--postal-code form-group form-item form-item-submitted-postal-code form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-postal-code">Postal Code <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input required="required" class="form-control form-text required" type="text" id="edit-submitted-postal-code" name="submitted[postal_code]" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-select webform-component--country form-group form-item form-item-submitted-country form-type-select form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-country">Country</label> <div class="select_wrapper"><select class="form-control form-select" id="edit-submitted-country" name="submitted[country]"><option value="" selected="selected">- None -</option><option value="AL">Albania</option><option value="DZ">Algeria</option><option value="AD">Andorra</option><option value="AO">Angola</option><option value="AG">Antigua and Barbuda</option><option value="AR">Argentina</option><option value="AM">Armenia</option><option value="AW">Aruba</option><option value="AU">Australia</option><option value="AT">Austria</option><option value="AZ">Azerbaijan</option><option value="BS">Bahamas</option><option value="BH">Bahrain</option><option value="BD">Bangladesh</option><option value="BB">Barbados</option><option value="BE">Belgium</option><option value="BZ">Belize</option><option value="BJ">Benin</option><option value="BM">Bermuda</option><option value="BO">Bolivia</option><option value="BA">Bosnia and Herzegovina</option><option value="BW">Botswana</option><option value="BR">Brazil</option><option value="BN">Brunei</option><option value="BG">Bulgaria</option><option value="BF">Burkina Faso</option><option value="BI">Burundi</option><option value="KH">Cambodia</option><option value="CM">Cameroon</option><option value="CA">Canada</option><option value="KY">Cayman Islands</option><option value="CF">Central African Republic</option><option value="TD">Chad</option><option value="CL">Chile</option><option value="CN">China</option><option value="CO">Colombia</option><option value="CR">Costa Rica</option><option value="HR">Croatia</option><option value="CY">Cyprus</option><option value="CZ">Czech Republic</option><option value="DK">Denmark</option><option value="DJ">Djibouti</option><option value="DM">Dominica</option><option value="DO">Dominican Republic</option><option value="EC">Ecuador</option><option value="EG">Egypt</option><option value="SV">El Salvador</option><option value="GQ">Equatorial Guinea</option><option value="ER">Eritrea</option><option value="EE">Estonia</option><option value="ET">Ethiopia</option><option value="FK">Falkland Islands</option><option value="FJ">Fiji</option><option value="FI">Finland</option><option value="FR">France</option><option value="PF">French Polynesia</option><option value="GA">Gabon</option><option value="GM">Gambia</option><option value="GE">Georgia</option><option value="DE">Germany</option><option value="GH">Ghana</option><option value="GI">Gibraltar</option><option value="GR">Greece</option><option value="GD">Grenada</option><option value="GP">Guadeloupe</option><option value="GU">Guam</option><option value="GT">Guatemala</option><option value="GN">Guinea</option><option value="GW">Guinea-Bissau</option><option value="GY">Guyana</option><option value="HT">Haiti</option><option value="HN">Honduras</option><option value="HK">Hong Kong S.A.R., China</option><option value="HU">Hungary</option><option value="IS">Iceland</option><option value="IN">India</option><option value="ID">Indonesia</option><option value="IQ">Iraq</option><option value="IE">Ireland</option><option value="IL">Israel</option><option value="IT">Italy</option><option value="CI">Ivory Coast</option><option value="JM">Jamaica</option><option value="JP">Japan</option><option value="JO">Jordan</option><option value="KZ">Kazakhstan</option><option value="KE">Kenya</option><option value="KW">Kuwait</option><option value="KG">Kyrgyzstan</option><option value="LV">Latvia</option><option value="LB">Lebanon</option><option value="LS">Lesotho</option><option value="LR">Liberia</option><option value="LI">Liechtenstein</option><option value="LT">Lithuania</option><option value="LU">Luxembourg</option><option value="MK">Macedonia</option><option value="MG">Madagascar</option><option value="MW">Malawi</option><option value="MY">Malaysia</option><option value="ML">Mali</option><option value="MT">Malta</option><option value="MH">Marshall Islands</option><option value="MR">Mauritania</option><option value="MX">Mexico</option><option value="MD">Moldova</option><option value="MC">Monaco</option><option value="MN">Mongolia</option><option value="ME">Montenegro</option><option value="MA">Morocco</option><option value="MZ">Mozambique</option><option value="MM">Myanmar</option><option value="NA">Namibia</option><option value="NP">Nepal</option><option value="NL">Netherlands</option><option value="AN">Netherlands Antilles</option><option value="NC">New Caledonia</option><option value="NZ">New Zealand</option><option value="NI">Nicaragua</option><option value="NE">Niger</option><option value="NG">Nigeria</option><option value="MP">Northern Mariana Islands</option><option value="NO">Norway</option><option value="OM">Oman</option><option value="PK">Pakistan</option><option value="PW">Palau</option><option value="PA">Panama</option><option value="PG">Papua New Guinea</option><option value="PY">Paraguay</option><option value="PE">Peru</option><option value="PH">Philippines</option><option value="PL">Poland</option><option value="PT">Portugal</option><option value="PR">Puerto Rico</option><option value="QA">Qatar</option><option value="RO">Romania</option><option value="RW">Rwanda</option><option value="KN">Saint Kitts and Nevis</option><option value="LC">Saint Lucia</option><option value="MF">Saint Martin (French part)</option><option value="WS">Samoa</option><option value="SA">Saudi Arabia</option><option value="SN">Senegal</option><option value="RS">Serbia</option><option value="SL">Sierra Leone</option><option value="SG">Singapore</option><option value="SK">Slovakia</option><option value="SI">Slovenia</option><option value="SB">Solomon Islands</option><option value="ZA">South Africa</option><option value="KR">South Korea</option><option value="ES">Spain</option><option value="LK">Sri Lanka</option><option value="SR">Suriname</option><option value="SZ">Swaziland</option><option value="SE">Sweden</option><option value="CH">Switzerland</option><option value="TW">Taiwan, China</option><option value="TZ">Tanzania</option><option value="TH">Thailand</option><option value="TG">Togo</option><option value="TT">Trinidad and Tobago</option><option value="TN">Tunisia</option><option value="TR">Turkey</option><option value="UG">Uganda</option><option value="UA">Ukraine</option><option value="AE">United Arab Emirates</option><option value="GB">United Kingdom</option><option value="US">United States</option><option value="UY">Uruguay</option><option value="UZ">Uzbekistan</option><option value="VA">Vatican</option><option value="VE">Venezuela</option><option value="VN">Vietnam</option><option value="YE">Yemen</option><option value="ZM">Zambia</option><option value="ZW">Zimbabwe</option></select></div></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-textfield webform-component--pathway form-group form-item form-item-submitted-pathway form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-pathway">Pathway</label> <input readonly="readonly" class="form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-submitted-pathway" name="submitted[pathway]" value="IL-2 Signaling Pathways " size="60" maxlength="128" /></div><div class="form-item webform-component webform-component-checkboxes webform-component--may-we-contact-you form-group form-item form-item-submitted-may-we-contact-you form-type-checkboxes form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-may-we-contact-you">May we contact you?</label> <div id="edit-submitted-may-we-contact-you" class="form-checkboxes"><div class="form-item form-item-submitted-may-we-contact-you-by-checking-this-box form-type-checkbox checkbox"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-submitted-may-we-contact-you-1"><input type="checkbox" id="edit-submitted-may-we-contact-you-1" name="submitted[may_we_contact_you][By checking this box]" value="By checking this box" class="form-checkbox" />By checking this box, I agree to receive relevant marketing communications regarding products, industry news, literature, and events from Bio-Techne and its brands: R&D Systems, Novus Biologicals, Tocris Bioscience, ProteinSimple and Advanced Cell Diagnostics. I understand that I can change my preferences at any time. I further understand that any data provided to Bio-Techne and its brands will be stored, used, and deleted consistent with Bio-Techne’s <a href="/legal-information#privacy" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a>.</label> </div></div></div><input type="hidden" name="details[sid]" /> <input type="hidden" name="details[page_num]" value="1" /> <input type="hidden" name="details[page_count]" value="1" /> <input type="hidden" name="details[finished]" value="0" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-_o1QgOJev0FXc6apk496iRJbNh8NXkRmWvnV2c34TnI" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="webform_client_form_27981" /> <input type="hidden" name="honeypot_time" value="1732707334|oqL3L133EGpwPizGUf_wb9yKMT3zuJZGwTJcODMbbj4" /> <div class="et_hnypt-textfield"><div class="form-item form-item-et-hnypt form-type-textfield form-group"> <label class="control-label" for="edit-et-hnypt">Leave this field blank</label> <input autocomplete="off" class="form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-et-hnypt" name="et_hnypt" value="" size="20" maxlength="128" /></div></div><div class="form-actions"><button class="webform-submit button-primary btn btn-primary form-submit" type="submit" name="op" value="Submit">Submit</button> </div></div></form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="pw-fullimage-con" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <h3 itemprop="name"> <a class="ds-image overview-images" href="//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/full-pathway-image/il-2-signaling-pathways.png" data-toggle="lightbox" onclick="event.preventDefault();" data-title="View IL-2 Signaling Pathways Image" title="View IL-2 Signaling Pathways Image"> View IL-2 Signaling Pathways Image </a> </h3> <a class="ds-image overview-images" href="//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/full-pathway-image/il-2-signaling-pathways.png" data-toggle="lightbox" data-gallery="overview-images" onclick="event.preventDefault();" data-title="IL-2 Signaling Pathways " data-footer="IL-2 Signaling Pathways " > <img src="//resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/full-pathway-image/il-2-signaling-pathways.png" itemprop="contentUrl" alt="IL-2 Signaling Pathways " title="IL-2 Signaling Pathways "> </a> </div> <div id="relatedinfo"> <div class="relatedcontent_links"><h3>Related Information</h3></div> <div class="row evenheight"><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-12"><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/research-area/b-cells" class="btn btn-senary btn-relatedinfo" itemprop="relatedLink">B Cells</a></div><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-12"><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/research-area/common-gamma-chain-receptor-family" class="btn btn-senary btn-relatedinfo" itemprop="relatedLink">Common gamma Chain Receptor Family</a></div><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-12"><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/resources/posters/common-gamma-chain-family-cytokines-play-pivotal-role-regulating-immune-system-functions" class="btn btn-senary btn-relatedinfo" itemprop="relatedLink">Common gamma-Chain Family Cytokines Play a Pivotal Role in Regulating Immune System Functions</a></div><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-12"><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways/il-2-signaling-pathways-their-primary-biological-effects-in-different-immune-cell-types" class="btn btn-senary btn-relatedinfo" itemprop="relatedLink">Interactive Pathway: IL-2 Signaling and its Primary Biological Effects in Different Immune Cell Types</a></div><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-12"><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/research-area/natural-killer-cells--nk-cells" class="btn btn-senary btn-relatedinfo" itemprop="relatedLink">Natural Killer Cells (NK Cells)</a></div><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-12"><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/research-area/regulatory-t-cells--tregs" class="btn btn-senary btn-relatedinfo" itemprop="relatedLink">Regulatory T Cells (Tregs)</a></div><div class="col-md-6 col-xs-12"><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/resources/posters/t-cell-subsets" class="btn btn-senary btn-relatedinfo" itemprop="relatedLink">T Cell Subsets</a></div></div></div> <div id="pw-preload"> <img src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/Pathways/pathway-images/gamma_chain_il2_wedge.png" alt="IL-2 Signaling Pathways background image 1"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> (function ($) { /* Get Print Copy Button Trigger Form Accordion */ $('#btn-get-print-copy').click(function() { console.log("buttonclick"); $('#collapsePathwayRequest').collapse('show'); }) })(jQuery); </script> </section> </div> <footer id="footer_wrapper" class="container-fluid"> <div id="footer_wrapper_container" class="row"> <div id="footer" class="container"> <div id="footer_container" class="row"> <nav class="footer_column footer_column_1 col-xs-12 col-sm-3"> <div class="region region-footer-column-1"> <section id="block-menu-menu-footer-popular-searches" class="block block-menu clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Popular Products</h2> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/search?category=Proteins%20and%20Enzymes" title="" id="menu-footer-popular-searches-28211">Bioactive Proteins</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/search?category=Luminex%20Assays" title="" id="menu-footer-popular-searches-28216">Luminex Assays</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/search?category=ELISAs" title="" id="menu-footer-popular-searches-28221">ELISA Kits</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/search?category=Small%20Molecules" title="" id="menu-footer-popular-searches-28226">Small Molecules</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/search?category=Primary%20Antibodies" title="" id="menu-footer-popular-searches-28231">Primary Antibodies</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </nav> <nav class="footer_column footer_column_2 col-xs-12 col-sm-3"> <div class="region region-footer-column-2"> <section id="block-menu-menu-footer-company-information" class="block block-menu clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Company Information</h2> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/about-us" title="" id="menu-footer-company-information-63901">About Us</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/about/careers" id="menu-footer-company-information-63911">Careers</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality" title="" id="menu-footer-company-information-63916">R&D Systems Quality</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/brands" id="menu-footer-company-information-24546">Bio-Techne Brands</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </nav> <nav class="footer_column footer_column_3 col-xs-12 col-sm-3"> <div class="region region-footer-column-3"> <section id="block-menu-menu-footer-support" class="block block-menu clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Support</h2> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/support/contact-us" title="" id="menu-footer-support-32351">Contact Us</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/customer-service-ordering-info" id="menu-footer-support-63931">Ordering R&D Systems Products</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/distributors" title="" id="menu-footer-support-32366">Distributors</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/protocols-troubleshooting-guides" title="" id="menu-footer-support-32371">Protocols</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/resources/faqs" title="" id="menu-footer-support-24551">FAQs</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </nav> <div class="footer_column footer_column_4 col-xs-12 col-sm-3"> <div class="region region-footer-column-4"> <section id="block-block-16" class="block block-block clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Stay Connected</h2> <p>Get the latest news, product updates, and promotions:</p> <p><a href="/subscribe" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary" title="Subscribe" target="_blank">Subscribe</a></p> <p>Follow R&D Systems:</p> <p> <a class="social_link" href="https://www.facebook.com/RnDSystems" target="_blank" title="R&D Systems on Facebook"><span class="icon-facebook-square"></span></a> <a class="social_link" href="https://x.com/RnDSystems" target="_blank" title="R&D Systems on Twitter"><span class="icon-twitter-square"></span></a> <a class="social_link" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/RnDSystems" target="_blank" title="R&D Systems on YouTube"><span class="icon-youtube-square"></span></a> <a class="social_link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/r&d-systems" target="_blank" title="R&D Systems on Linkedin"><span class="icon-linkedin-square"></span></a> </p> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div id="copyright_wrapper" class="container-fluid"> <div id="copyright_wrapper_container" class="row"> <div id="copyright" class="container"> <div id="copyright_container" class="row"> <div id="copyright_content" class="col-xs-12"> <p> <div class="region region-copyright"> <section id="block-block-21" class="block block-block clearfix"> <div class="copy_left"> <a href="/legal-information" title="Legal Information">Legal</a> | <a href="/legal-information#Terms" title="Terms & Conditions">Terms & Conditions</a> | <a href="/legal-information#privacy" title="Privacy and Cookie Policy">Privacy and Cookie Policy</a> | <a href="/sitemap" title="Sitemap">Sitemap</a> </div> <div class="copy_right">© Copyright 2024 R&D Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.</div> </section> </div> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script>var _hmt = _hmt || []; (function() { var hm = document.createElement("script"); hm.async = true; hm.defer = true; hm.src = "//hm.baidu.com/hm.js?9d5a20d7ef7a7e9d0ba4232fd45e5d3f"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s); })();</script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/themes/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js?snl6xl"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"76fb58fb05","applicationID":"788348530,30870807","transactionName":"YFdbZBFZXxdWAhAMVlkdeFMXUV4KGA8LAVxoQlhXBmdHDVIW","queueTime":26,"applicationTime":649,"atts":"TBBYEllDTBk=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>

CINXE.COM

IL-2 Signaling Pathways: R&D Systems