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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія змены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:NewPages"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-Village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Random" title="Паказаць выпадковую старонку [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Выпадковая старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дзе можна атрымаць тлумачэнні."><span>Даведка</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Паведаміць пра памылку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпедыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be.svg" style="width: 7.625em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-be.svg" width="117" height="12" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Пошук</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" aria-label="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Адмысловае:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Пошук</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Выгляд" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Выгляд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be" class=""><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова" class=""><span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Меню ўдзельніка" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be"><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Перадумовы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Перадумовы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Перадумовы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Перадумовы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Канец_Асманскай_імперыі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Канец_Асманскай_імперыі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Канец Асманскай імперыі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Канец_Асманскай_імперыі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Крыніцы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Крыніцы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Крыніцы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Крыніцы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Літаратура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Літаратура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Літаратура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Літаратура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Скасаванне Асманскага султанату</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 21 мове." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 мова</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="إلغاء الدولة العثمانية – арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إلغاء الدولة العثمانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_sultanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_l%C9%99%C4%9Fvi" title="Osmanlı sultanlığının ləğvi – азербайджанская" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Osmanlı sultanlığının ləğvi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D3%A9%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D2%AF" title="Ғосман солтанлығын бөтөрөү – башкірская" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ғосман солтанлығын бөтөрөү" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкірская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Премахване на Османския султанат – балгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Премахване на Османския султанат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="балгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="উসমানীয় সালতানাতের বিলুপ্তি – бенгальская" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উসমানীয় সালতানাতের বিলুপ্তি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9F%CE%B8%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Κατάργηση του Οθωμανικού Σουλτανάτου – грэчаская" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κατάργηση του Οθωμανικού Σουλτανάτου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грэчаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abolition_of_the_Ottoman_sultanate" title="Abolition of the Ottoman sultanate – англійская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Abolition of the Ottoman sultanate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="سرنگونی سلطنت عثمانی – фарсі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرنگونی سلطنت عثمانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abolition_du_sultanat_ottoman" title="Abolition du sultanat ottoman – французская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Abolition du sultanat ottoman" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BD%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%BD%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BE%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Օսմանյան կայսրության վերացում – армянская" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օսմանյան կայսրության վերացում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abolizione_del_sultanato_ottomano" title="Abolizione del sultanato ottomano – італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Abolizione del sultanato ottomano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%97%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ოსმალეთის სასულთნოს გაუქმება – грузінская" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოსმალეთის სასულთნოს გაუქმება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Укинување на османлискиот султанат – македонская" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Укинување на османлискиот султанат" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aboli%C3%A7%C3%A3o_do_sultanato_otomano" title="Abolição do sultanato otomano – партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Abolição do sultanato otomano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Упразднение Османского султаната – руская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Упразднение Османского султаната" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D2%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Осман султанаатын эһии – якуцкая" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Осман султанаатын эһии" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="якуцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shfuqizimi_i_Sulltanatit_Osman" title="Shfuqizimi i Sulltanatit Osman – албанская" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shfuqizimi i Sulltanatit Osman" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="การล้มล้างระบอบสุลต่านออตโตมัน – тайская" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การล้มล้างระบอบสุลต่านออตโตมัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltanat%C4%B1n_kald%C4%B1r%C4%B1lmas%C4%B1" title="Saltanatın kaldırılması – турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Saltanatın kaldırılması" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83" title="Скасування Османського султанату – украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Скасування Османського султанату" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B7_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%81" title="سقوط سلطنت عثمانیہ – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سقوط سلطنت عثمانیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3809270#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83" title="Паказаць уласна змест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Старонка</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83&action=show-download-screen"><span>Спампаваць як PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83&printable=yes" title="Друкавальная версія гэтай старонкі [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Для друку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> У іншых праектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Выгляд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">З Вікіпедыі, свабоднай энцыклапедыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be" dir="ltr"><p>Са <b>скасаваннем <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Асманскія султаны">асманскага султанату</a></b> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Вялікі Нацыянальны Сход Турцыі">Вялікім Нацыянальным Сходам Турцыі</a> 1 лістапада 1922 года скончылася існаванне <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Асманская імперыя">Асманскай імперыі</a>, заснаванай у 1299 годзе. 11 лістапада 1922 года на канферэнцыі ў Лазане быў прызнаны суверэнітэт Вялікага Нацыянальнага Сходу Турцыі з урадам у <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Анкара">Анкары</a> над тэрыторыяй Турцыі. Апошні султан <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_VI" title="Мехмед VI">Мехмед VI</a> пакінуў Асманскую сталіцу, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул">Стамбул</a>, 17 лістапада 1922 года. Прававыя пазіцыі былі замацаваны пасля падпісання <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Лазанскі мірны дагавор">Лазанскага мірнага дагавора</a> 24 ліпеня 1923 года. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Перадумовы"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B4.D1.83.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.8B"></span>Перадумовы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Правіць раздзел: Перадумовы" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83&action=edit&section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Перадумовы"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Уступленне Асманскай імперыі ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Першая сусветная вайна">Першую сусветную вайну</a> разам з <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Цэнтральныя дзяржавы">Цэнтральнымі дзяржавамі</a> адбылося 11 лістапада 1914 года. Баявыя дзеянні на <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%9E_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Блізкаўсходні тэатр ваенных дзеянняў Першай сусветнай вайны">Блізкаўсходнім тэатры Першай сусветнай вайны</a> скончыліся падпісаннем <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80%E2%80%99%D0%B5" title="Мудраскае перамір’е">Мудраскага перамір’я</a> 30 кастрычніка 1918 года. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Акупацыя Канстанцінопаля">Акупацыя Канстанцінопаля</a> брытанскімі, французскімі і італьянскімі войскамі адбылася 13 лістапада 1918 года. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Падзел Асманскай імперыі (няма такой старонкі)">Падзел Асманскай імперыі</a> пачаўся з падпісання <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_(1915)" title="Лонданскае пагадненне (1915)">Лонданскага пакта</a> і працягнуўся некалькімі пагадненнямі, галоўным чынам двухбаковымі сярод членаў <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Антанта">Антанты</a>. Брытанскія войскі пачалі займаць ключавыя будынкі Імперыі і арыштоўваць нацыяналістаў пасля <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Акупацыя Канстанцінопаля">ўсталявання ваеннага кіравання</a> ў ноч на 15 сакавіка 1920 года. 18 сакавіка 1920 года асманскі парламент прыняў і накіраваў пратэст саюзнікам аб непрымальнасці арышту пяці яго членаў. Тое сабранне было апошнім і азнаменавала канец Асманскай палітычнай сістэмы. Султан Мехмед VI распусціў Генеральную Асамблею Асманскай імперыі 11 красавіка 1920 года. Канстанцінопальскі ўрад, з бюракратычным апаратам, але без парламента, заставаўся актыўным на чале з султанам. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Сеўрскі мірны дагавор">Сеўрскі мірны дагавор</a> 10 жніўня 1920 года завяршыў падзел Імперыі. У той час прыкладна 150 палітыкаў былі сасланы на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Мальта">Мальту</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Турэцкі нацыянальны рух (няма такой старонкі)">Турэцкі нацыянальны рух</a>, на чале з <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Мустафа Кемаль Атацюрк">Мустафой Кемалем</a>, заснаваў Вялікі Нацыянальны Сход Турцыі ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Анкара">Анкары</a> 23 красавіка 1920 года. </p><p>Вялікі Нацыянальны Сход Турцыі распачаў <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Вайна за незалежнасць Турцыі">вайну за незалежнасць Турцыі</a> (Кемалісцкую рэвалюцыю) супраць манархічнага Канстанцінопальскага ўрада, халіфам якога быў Мехмед VI. Канстанцінопальскі ўрад, урад без парламента, сфарміраваў Kuva-yi Inzibatiye, вядомую як «армія Халіфата», у супрацьвагу Kuva-yi Milliye — арміі Вялікага Нацыянальнага Сходу Турцыі. </p><p>Канфлікты адбываліся у Балу, Дзюзджэ, Хендэк, Адапазары, адначасова з іншымі паўстаннямі ў час турэцкай вайны за незалежнасць. Арміі Халіфата былі блізкія ідэі <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Іслам">іслама</a>, адсюль і назва. Узбраеннем і прыпасамі армію Халіфата забяспечвала Вялікабрытанія. Стратэгічная задача арміі Халіфата, таксама як і англічанаў, заключалася у прадухіленні перамяшчэння нацыянальных сіл да <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Чарнаморскія пралівы">праліваў</a>. Kuva-yi Milliye нанесла паражэнне арміі Халіфата. Хаця Kuva-yi Milliye лічыцца першым крокам супраціўлення ў вызваленні Турцыі, неўзабаве нерэгулярныя ваенныя дзеянні былі спынены. Перад пачаткам <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_(1919%E2%80%941922)" title="Грэка-турэцкая вайна (1919—1922)">грэчаскай вайны</a> Kuva-yi Milliye стала асновай арганізаванай арміі, якая пазней была перабудавана ва <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Узброеныя сілы Турцыі">Узброеныя сілы Турцыі</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Канец_Асманскай_імперыі"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B5.D1.86_.D0.90.D1.81.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.B9_.D1.96.D0.BC.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.96"></span>Канец Асманскай імперыі</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Правіць раздзел: Канец Асманскай імперыі" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83&action=edit&section=2" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Канец Асманскай імперыі"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Саюзнае запрашэнне на канферэнцыю ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Лазана">Лазану</a> было перадана як ураду ў Стамбуле, так і ў Анкары. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Мустафа Кемаль Атацюрк">Мустафа Кемаль</a> быў упэўнены, што толькі ўрад з Анкары павінен прымаць удзел у канферэнцыі<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 1 лістапада 1922 года Вялікі Нацыянальны Сход прызнаў урад Султаната незаконным. Вялікі Нацыянальны Сход таксама прыняў рашэнне, што Канстанцінопаль перастаў быць сталіцай нацыі з моманту яго акупацыі саюзнікамі<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Акрамя таго, яны абвясцілі, што Султанат быў скасаваны<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, што паклала канец Асманскай імперыі. Пасля азнаямлення з рэзалюцыяй Мехмед VI шукаў прытулку на борце брытанскага лінейнага карабля <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=HMS_Malaya_(1915)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HMS Malaya (1915) (няма такой старонкі)">Малайя</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Пасля таго як Мехмед VI збег, астатнія міністры яго ўрада прынялі новую палітычную рэальнасць. Няма ніякага афіцыйнага дакумента, які б абвяшчаў капітуляцыю Асманскай дзяржавы ці султана. Канферэнцыя ў Лазане 11 лістапада 1922 года прызнала суверэнітэт Вялікага Нацыянальнага Сходу Турцыі як замену Асманскай імперыі. Апошні султан <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_VI" title="Мехмед VI">Мехмед VI</a> пакінуў Канстанцінопаль 17 лістапада 1922 года. </p><p>Спіс з 600 імёнаў быў прадстаўлены на канферэнцыі ў Лазане, і асобы, якія ўваходзілі ў гэты спіс, павінны былі быць абвешчаны <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Персона нон грата">персонамі нон грата</a></i>. Спіс прызначаўся для ліквідацыі правячай эліты Асманскай імперыі. Перамовы ў Лазане паменшылі спіс да 150 імёнаў, і дагавор быў падпісаны 25 ліпеня 1923 года. </p><p>Асманская дынастыя з’яўлялася ўвасабленнем асманскага Халіфата, пачынаючы з XIV стагоддзя, з праўлення <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_I" title="Мурад I">Мурада I</a>. Прадстаўнік Асманскай дынастыі ўтрымліваў тытул <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84" title="Халіф">халіфа</a> і ўладу над усімі мусульманамі на момант прыходу да ўлады стрыечнага брата Мехмеда <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB-%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B4_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Абдул-Меджыд II (няма такой старонкі)">Абдул-Меджыда II</a>. Асманская дынастыя пазіцыянавала сябе ў якасці палітычнага і духоўнага пераемніка Мухамада, у якасці лідара ўсёй мусульманскай супольнасці як у самой Турцыі, так і за яе межамі. Тытул Абдул-Меджыда II быў аспрэчаны лідарам <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Арабскае паўстанне">арабскага паўстання</a> каралём <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Хусейн бен Алі">Хусейнам бен Алі з Хіджаза</a>, які асудзіў <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_V" title="Мехмед V">Мехмеда V</a>, але яго царства было ліквідавана і анексіравана <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B7_%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Абдэль Азіз ібн Сауд">ібн Саудам</a> у 1925 годзе. </p><p>Да 1922 года большасць жыхароў тагачаснай Турцыі былі мусульманамі турэцкага альбо курдскага паходжання. Вялікі Нацыянальны Сход Турцыі абвясціў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Турцыя">Рэспубліку Турцыя</a> 29 кастрычніка 1923 года. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Крыніцы"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.80.D1.8B.D0.BD.D1.96.D1.86.D1.8B"></span>Крыніцы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Правіць раздзел: Крыніцы" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83&action=edit&section=3" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Крыніцы"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allaboutturkey.com/kurtulus.htm">Turkish War of Independence</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFinkel2007">Finkel 2007</a>, pp. 545</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/mehmedvi.htm">Who’s Who — Sultan Mehmed VI</a></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Літаратура"><span id=".D0.9B.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Літаратура</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Правіць раздзел: Літаратура" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83&action=edit&section=4" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Літаратура"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4817788">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFinkel2007" class="citation book cs1">Finkel, Caroline (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/osmansdreamstory0000fink"><i>Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire</i></a>. Basic Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Osman%27s+Dream%3A+The+History+of+the+Ottoman+Empire&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Finkel&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fosmansdreamstory0000fink&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Узята з "<a dir="ltr" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Скасаванне_Асманскага_султанату&oldid=4716426">https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Скасаванне_Асманскага_султанату&oldid=4716426</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Categories" title="Адмысловае:Categories">Катэгорыі</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Катэгорыя:Халіфат">Халіфат</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Гісторыя Турцыі">Гісторыя Турцыі</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Гісторыя Асманскай імперыі">Гісторыя Асманскай імперыі</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:1922_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%83_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:1922 год у Турцыі">1922 год у Турцыі</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4_1922_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Катэгорыя:Лістапад 1922 года">Лістапад 1922 года</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Схаваная катэгорыя: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96,_%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%9E%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%86%D1%8C_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_JsonConfig" title="Катэгорыя:Старонкі, якія ўжываюць пашырэнне JsonConfig">Старонкі, якія ўжываюць пашырэнне JsonConfig</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Апошняе змяненне старонкі адбылося 13:23, 22 красавіка 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Тэкст даступны на ўмовах <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.be">ліцэнзіі Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>, у асобных выпадках могуць дзейнічаць дадатковыя ўмовы. 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