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class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">George Smith (chemist)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 47 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AB_(%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1)" title="جورج سميث (عالم كيمياء) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جورج سميث (عالم كيمياء)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A5_(%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6)" title="জর্জ স্মিথ (রসায়নবিদ) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জর্জ স্মিথ (রসায়নবিদ)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%A1%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82_(%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA)" title="Джордж Сміт (хімік) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джордж Сміт (хімік)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Джордж Смит (биохимик) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джордж Смит (биохимик)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D9%BE%DB%8C._%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="جرج پی. اسمیت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جرج پی. اسمیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Smith_(chimiste)" title="George Smith (chimiste) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="George Smith (chimiste)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80_P._%EC%8A%A4%EB%AF%B8%EC%8A%A4" title="조지 P. 스미스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조지 P. 스미스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BB_%D5%8D%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A9_(%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BD)" title="Ջորջ Սմիթ (քիմիկոս) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջորջ Սմիթ (քիմիկոս)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Pearson_Smith" title="George Pearson Smith – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="George Pearson Smith" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Smith_(kimiawan)" title="George Smith (kimiawan) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="George Smith (kimiawan)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Pieczenik_Smith" title="George Pieczenik Smith – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="George Pieczenik Smith" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92%27_%D7%A4._%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA%27" title="ג'ורג' פ. סמית' – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ורג' פ. סמית'" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AF_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98)" title="ჯორჯ სმიტი (ქიმიკოსი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯორჯ სმიტი (ქიმიკოსი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Smith_(k%C3%AEmyager)" title="George Smith (kîmyager) – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="George Smith (kîmyager)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgius_P._Smith" title="Georgius P. Smith – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Georgius P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AB_(%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1)" title="جورج سميث (عالم كيمياء) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جورج سميث (عالم كيمياء)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D9%BE%DB%8C._%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="جورج پی. اسمیت – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جورج پی. اسمیت" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Smith" title="George Smith – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="George Smith" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Smith_(scheikundige)" title="George Smith (scheikundige) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="George Smith (scheikundige)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BBP%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9F%E3%82%B9" title="ジョージ・P・スミス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョージ・P・スミス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A5_(%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F)" title="ਜੌਰਜ ਸਮਿੱਥ (ਕੈਮਿਸਟ) – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜੌਰਜ ਸਮਿੱਥ (ਕੈਮਿਸਟ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Pearson_Smith" title="George Pearson Smith – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="George Pearson Smith" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Смит, Джордж (химик) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Смит, Джордж (химик)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%9F_%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80)" title="Џорџ Смит (хемичар) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џорџ Смит (хемичар)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Smith_(kemisti)" title="George Smith (kemisti) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="George Smith (kemisti)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_P._Smith" title="George P. Smith – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="George P. Smith" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%96%D0%BE%D1%80%D2%97_%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Җорҗ Пирсон Смит – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Җорҗ Пирсон Смит" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Smith_(kimyager)" title="George Smith (kimyager) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="George Smith (kimyager)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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Missouri faculty">Category:University of Missouri faculty</a> | #UCB_Category 238/323)</span></div></div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Smith_(chemist)&diff=prev&oldid=1258518197" title="George Smith (chemist)">diff</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Smith_(chemist)&direction=prev&oldid=1258518197" title="George Smith (chemist)">← Previous revision</a> | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American biologist, Nobel laureate</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">George Smith</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Smith_EM1B5849_(31295409687).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/George_Smith_EM1B5849_%2831295409687%29.jpg/220px-George_Smith_EM1B5849_%2831295409687%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/George_Smith_EM1B5849_%2831295409687%29.jpg/330px-George_Smith_EM1B5849_%2831295409687%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/George_Smith_EM1B5849_%2831295409687%29.jpg/440px-George_Smith_EM1B5849_%2831295409687%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2514" data-file-height="2890" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Smith during Nobel press conference in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, December 2018</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">George Pearson Smith<sup id="cite_ref-Novelty_Reigns_at_Bridal_in_Maryland_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Novelty_Reigns_at_Bridal_in_Maryland-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1941-03-10</span>) </span>10 March 1941<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 83)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Norwalk,_Connecticut" title="Norwalk, Connecticut">Norwalk, Connecticut</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haverford_College" title="Haverford College">Haverford College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">AB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">PhD</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Phage_display" title="Phage display">Phage display</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Marjorie Sable<sup id="cite_ref-'My_first_standing_ovation':_Humble_MU_professor_cheered_after_winning_Nobel_Prize_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'My_first_standing_ovation':_Humble_MU_professor_cheered_after_winning_Nobel_Prize-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data">2018 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biochemistry" title="Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">Biology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Professor, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Missouri" title="University of Missouri">University of Missouri</a></li> <li>Visiting Professor, <a href="/wiki/Duke_University" title="Duke University">Duke University</a></li> <li>Postdoctoral Scholar, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">Thesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vmKV0hs-mdAC">The variation and adaptive expression of antibodies.</a></i> <span style="font-size:97%;">(1970)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Haber" title="Edgar Haber">Edgar Haber</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>George Pearson Smith</b> (born 10 March 1941)<sup id="cite_ref-Nobel_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nobel-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an American biologist and <a href="/wiki/Nobel_laureate" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel laureate">Nobel laureate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is a Curators' Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Biological Sciences at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Missouri" title="University of Missouri">University of Missouri</a> in <a href="/wiki/Columbia,_Missouri" title="Columbia, Missouri">Columbia, Missouri</a>, US. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Smith_(chemist)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Norwalk,_Connecticut" title="Norwalk, Connecticut">Norwalk, Connecticut</a>, he earned his <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">A.B.</a> degree from <a href="/wiki/Haverford_College" title="Haverford College">Haverford College</a> in biology, was a high school teacher and lab technician for a year, and earned his <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">PhD</a> degree in bacteriology and immunology from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-thesis-smith-1971_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thesis-smith-1971-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a postdoc at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin">University of Wisconsin</a> (with future Nobel laureate <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Smithies" title="Oliver Smithies">Oliver Smithies</a>) before moving to Columbia, Missouri and joining the University of Missouri faculty in 1975. He spent the 1983–1984 academic year at <a href="/wiki/Duke_University" title="Duke University">Duke University</a> with Robert Webster where he began the work that led to him being awarded a Nobel Prize.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Smith_1985_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith_1985-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-'My_first_standing_ovation':_Humble_MU_professor_cheered_after_winning_Nobel_Prize_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-'My_first_standing_ovation':_Humble_MU_professor_cheered_after_winning_Nobel_Prize-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He is best known for <a href="/wiki/Phage_display" title="Phage display">phage display</a>, a technique where a specific <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a> sequence is artificially inserted into the <a href="/wiki/Viral_coat_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Viral coat protein">coat protein</a> gene of a <a href="/wiki/Bacteriophage" title="Bacteriophage">bacteriophage</a>, causing the protein to be expressed on the outside of the bacteriophage. Smith first described the technique in 1985 when he displayed <a href="/wiki/Peptide" title="Peptide">peptides</a> on <a href="/wiki/Filamentous_phage" class="mw-redirect" title="Filamentous phage">filamentous phage</a> by fusing the peptide of interest onto gene III of filamentous phage.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_1985_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith_1985-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was awarded the 2018 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a> for this work, sharing his prize with <a href="/wiki/Greg_Winter" class="mw-redirect" title="Greg Winter">Greg Winter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frances_Arnold" title="Frances Arnold">Frances Arnold</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Human_rights_advocacy">Human rights advocacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Smith_(chemist)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Human rights advocacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Smith is an advocate for equal rights for Palestinians and Israeli Jews in their common homeland, and a strong supporter of the <a href="/wiki/Boycott,_Divestment_and_Sanctions" title="Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions">Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions</a> movement.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the topic of religion, Smith is quoted as saying "I'm not religious or Jewish by birth. But my wife is Jewish and our sons are bar-mitzvahed, and I'm very engaged with Jewish culture and politics."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Smith_(chemist)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2000 University of Missouri Curators' Professor<sup id="cite_ref-MU_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MU-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2001 Elected Fellow – <a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a> (AAAS)<sup id="cite_ref-MU_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MU-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AAAS_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/American_Society_for_Microbiology" title="American Society for Microbiology">American Society for Microbiology</a> Promega Biotechnology Research Award<sup id="cite_ref-ASM_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASM-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with <a href="/wiki/Greg_Winter" class="mw-redirect" title="Greg Winter">Greg Winter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frances_Arnold" title="Frances Arnold">Frances Arnold</a><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2020 Elected Member – <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Academy_of_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Academy of Sciences">United States National Academy of Sciences</a> (NAS)<sup id="cite_ref-NAS_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAS-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2023 Inaugural Mizzou Medal of Distinction – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://coas.missouri.edu/">University of Missouri College of Arts and Sciences</a> <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Smith_(chemist)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Novelty_Reigns_at_Bridal_in_Maryland-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Novelty_Reigns_at_Bridal_in_Maryland_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1970/06/11/archives/novelty-reigns-at-bridal-in-maryland.html">"Novelty Reigns at Bridal in Maryland"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 11 June 1970<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Novelty+Reigns+at+Bridal+in+Maryland&rft.date=1970-06-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1970%2F06%2F11%2Farchives%2Fnovelty-reigns-at-bridal-in-maryland.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-'My_first_standing_ovation':_Humble_MU_professor_cheered_after_winning_Nobel_Prize-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-'My_first_standing_ovation':_Humble_MU_professor_cheered_after_winning_Nobel_Prize_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-'My_first_standing_ovation':_Humble_MU_professor_cheered_after_winning_Nobel_Prize_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams" class="citation web cs1">Williams, Mará Rose. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kansascity.com/news/state/missouri/article219421560.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'My first standing ovation': Humble MU professor cheered after winning Nobel Prize"</a>. <i>Kansas City Star</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kansas+City+Star&rft.atitle=%27My+first+standing+ovation%27%3A+Humble+MU+professor+cheered+after+winning+Nobel+Prize&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Mar%C3%A1+Rose&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kansascity.com%2Fnews%2Fstate%2Fmissouri%2Farticle219421560.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nobel-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nobel_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/smith/facts/">"George P. Smith – Facts – 2018"</a>. <i>NobelPrize.org</i>. Nobel Media AB. 6 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft.atitle=George+P.+Smith+%E2%80%93+Facts+%E2%80%93+2018&rft.date=2018-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fchemistry%2F2018%2Fsmith%2Ffacts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivanGreenfieldboyce2018" class="citation web cs1">Sullivan, Emily; Greenfieldboyce, Nell (3 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2018/10/03/653915709/nobel-prize-in-chemistry-honors-the-power-of-evolution">"Nobel Prize in Chemistry Honors Work That Demonstrates 'The Power of Evolution'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+Honors+Work+That+Demonstrates+%27The+Power+of+Evolution%27&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft.au=Greenfieldboyce%2C+Nell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2018%2F10%2F03%2F653915709%2Fnobel-prize-in-chemistry-honors-the-power-of-evolution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/live/2018/oct/03/nobel-prize-in-chemistry-2018-live">"Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018 – live"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 3 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+2018+%E2%80%93+live&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2Flive%2F2018%2Foct%2F03%2Fnobel-prize-in-chemistry-2018-live&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thesis-smith-1971-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-thesis-smith-1971_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1971" class="citation thesis cs1">Smith, George Pearson (1971). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/302618673/"><i>The variation and adaptive expression of antibodies</i></a></span> (PhD). <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/76998014">76998014</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1445740">1445740</a></span> – via <a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+variation+and+adaptive+expression+of+antibodies&rft.inst=Harvard+University&rft.date=1971&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1445740%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F76998014&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=George+Pearson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F302618673%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tmp.wustl.edu/archives/TMPFall2004/seminars2004.html">"Tropical and Molecular Parasitology Seminar Series"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tropical+and+Molecular+Parasitology+Seminar+Series&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftmp.wustl.edu%2Farchives%2FTMPFall2004%2Fseminars2004.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Smith_1985-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_1985_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith_1985_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith_GP1985" class="citation journal cs1">Smith GP (June 1985). "Filamentous fusion phage: novel expression vectors that display cloned antigens on the virion surface". <i>Science</i>. <b>228</b> (4705): 1315–7. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1985Sci...228.1315S">1985Sci...228.1315S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.4001944">10.1126/science.4001944</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4001944">4001944</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Filamentous+fusion+phage%3A+novel+expression+vectors+that+display+cloned+antigens+on+the+virion+surface&rft.volume=228&rft.issue=4705&rft.pages=1315-7&rft.date=1985-06&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F4001944&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.4001944&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1985Sci...228.1315S&rft.au=Smith+GP&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abc11.com/science/2018-nobel-prize-winner-did-much-of-his-work-at-duke/4402640/">"2018 Nobel Prize winner did much of his work at Duke University"</a>. 3 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2018+Nobel+Prize+winner+did+much+of+his+work+at+Duke+University&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabc11.com%2Fscience%2F2018-nobel-prize-winner-did-much-of-his-work-at-duke%2F4402640%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1qCum7pWOFwC&q=phage+display+duke&pg=PA21"><i>Phage Display of Peptides and Proteins: A Laboratory Manual</i></a>. Academic Press, Inc. 1996. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-402380-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-402380-2"><bdi>978-0-12-402380-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Phage+Display+of+Peptides+and+Proteins%3A+A+Laboratory+Manual&rft.pub=Academic+Press%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-12-402380-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1qCum7pWOFwC%26q%3Dphage%2Bdisplay%2Bduke%26pg%3DPA21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaplan_Sommer2018" class="citation news cs1">Kaplan Sommer, Allison (3 October 2018). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-nobel-prize-winner-george-p-smith-is-a-longtime-pro-palestine-bds-activist-1.6529221">"Nobel Prize Winner George P. Smith Is a Longtime pro-Palestine, BDS Activist"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Nobel+Prize+Winner+George+P.+Smith+Is+a+Longtime+pro-Palestine%2C+BDS+Activist&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft.aulast=Kaplan+Sommer&rft.aufirst=Allison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F.premium-nobel-prize-winner-george-p-smith-is-a-longtime-pro-palestine-bds-activist-1.6529221&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2017" class="citation web cs1">Smith, George (22 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mondoweiss.net/author/smithgp/">"George Smith"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mondoweiss" title="Mondoweiss">Mondoweiss</a></i>. United States<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mondoweiss&rft.atitle=George+Smith&rft.date=2017-06-22&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmondoweiss.net%2Fauthor%2Fsmithgp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MU-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MU_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MU_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181003141349/http://biology.missouri.edu/people/?person=94#section-3">"George Smith"</a>. University of Missouri Biological Sciences. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biology.missouri.edu/people/?person=94">the original</a> on 3 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=George+Smith&rft.pub=University+of+Missouri+Biological+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbiology.missouri.edu%2Fpeople%2F%3Fperson%3D94&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AAAS-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AAAS_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKorte2018" class="citation web cs1">Korte, Andrea (3 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aaas.org/news/aaas-fellows-share-nobel-prize-chemistry">"AAAS Fellows Share Nobel Prize in Chemistry"</a>. <i>American Association for the Advancement of Science</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231210103445/https://www.aaas.org/news/aaas-fellows-share-nobel-prize-chemistry">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science&rft.atitle=AAAS+Fellows+Share+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft.aulast=Korte&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaas.org%2Fnews%2Faaas-fellows-share-nobel-prize-chemistry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ASM-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ASM_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181003222437/https://www.asm.org/index.php/choma/140-awards-a-grants/past-laureates/7805-promega-biotechnology-research-award-past-laureates">"Promega Biotechnology Research Award Past Laureates"</a>. American Society For Microbiology. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asm.org/index.php/choma/140-awards-a-grants/past-laureates/7805-promega-biotechnology-research-award-past-laureates">the original</a> on 3 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Promega+Biotechnology+Research+Award+Past+Laureates&rft.pub=American+Society+For+Microbiology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asm.org%2Findex.php%2Fchoma%2F140-awards-a-grants%2Fpast-laureates%2F7805-promega-biotechnology-research-award-past-laureates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChang2018" class="citation news cs1">Chang, Kenneth (3 October 2018). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/03/science/chemistry-nobel-prize.html">"Use of Evolution to Design Molecules Nets Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 3 Scientists"</a></span>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181003100611/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/03/science/chemistry-nobel-prize.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Use+of+Evolution+to+Design+Molecules+Nets+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+for+3+Scientists&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F10%2F03%2Fscience%2Fchemistry-nobel-prize.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NAS-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NAS_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/20049500.html">"George P. Smith"</a>. <i>National Academy of Sciences Member Directory</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231204202442/https://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/members/20049500.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Academy+of+Sciences+Member+Directory&rft.atitle=George+P.+Smith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasonline.org%2Fmember-directory%2Fmembers%2F20049500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://showme.missouri.edu/2023/inaugural-mizzou-medal-of-distinction-awarded-to-george-p-smith-in-recognition-of-outstanding-service/">"Inaugural Mizzou Medal of Distinction awarded to George P. Smith in recognition of outstanding service // Show Me Mizzou // University of Missouri"</a>. <i>showme.missouri.edu</i>. 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=showme.missouri.edu&rft.atitle=Inaugural+Mizzou+Medal+of+Distinction+awarded+to+George+P.+Smith+in+recognition+of+outstanding+service+%2F%2F+Show+Me+Mizzou+%2F%2F+University+of+Missouri&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshowme.missouri.edu%2F2023%2Finaugural-mizzou-medal-of-distinction-awarded-to-george-p-smith-in-recognition-of-outstanding-service%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Smith+%28chemist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Smith_(chemist)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Scholia_logo.svg/40px-Scholia_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Scholia_logo.svg/60px-Scholia_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Scholia_logo.svg/80px-Scholia_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="104" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Scholia" class="extiw" title="d:Wikidata:Scholia">Scholia</a> has an <i>author</i> profile for <i><b><a href="https://iw.toolforge.org/scholia/author/Q56868017" class="extiw" title="toolforge:scholia/author/Q56868017">George Smith (chemist)</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr960065d">Capsule bio in Chemical Reviews</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/964">George P. Smith</a> on Nobelprize.org <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56868017#P8024" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> including the Nobel Lecture 8 December 2018 <i>Phage Display: Simple Evolution in a Petri Dish</i></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_in_Chemistry" title="List of Nobel laureates in Chemistry">Laureates</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1901: <a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Henricus_van_%27t_Hoff" title="Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff">Jacobus van 't Hoff</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1902: <a href="/wiki/Emil_Fischer" title="Emil Fischer">Emil Fischer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1903: <a href="/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Svante Arrhenius</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1904: <a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">William Ramsay</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1905: <a href="/wiki/Adolf_von_Baeyer" title="Adolf von Baeyer">Adolf von Baeyer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1906: <a href="/wiki/Henri_Moissan" title="Henri Moissan">Henri Moissan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1907: <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Buchner" title="Eduard Buchner">Eduard Buchner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1908: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1909: <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Ostwald" title="Wilhelm Ostwald">Wilhelm Ostwald</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1910: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Wallach" title="Otto Wallach">Otto Wallach</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1911: <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Marie Curie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1912: <a href="/wiki/Victor_Grignard" title="Victor Grignard">Victor Grignard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Sabatier_(chemist)" title="Paul Sabatier (chemist)">Paul Sabatier</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1913: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Werner" title="Alfred Werner">Alfred Werner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1914: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_William_Richards" title="Theodore William Richards">Theodore Richards</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1915: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Willst%C3%A4tter" title="Richard Willstätter">Richard Willstätter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1916</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1917</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1918: <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Fritz Haber</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1919</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1920: <a href="/wiki/Walther_Nernst" title="Walther Nernst">Walther Nernst</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1921: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy">Frederick Soddy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1922: <a href="/wiki/Francis_William_Aston" title="Francis William Aston">Francis Aston</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1923: <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Pregl" title="Fritz Pregl">Fritz Pregl</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1924</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1925: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Adolf_Zsigmondy" title="Richard Adolf Zsigmondy">Richard Zsigmondy</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1926: <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Svedberg" title="Theodor Svedberg">Theodor Svedberg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1927: <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Otto_Wieland" title="Heinrich Otto Wieland">Heinrich Wieland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1928: <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Windaus" title="Adolf Windaus">Adolf Windaus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1929: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Harden" title="Arthur Harden">Arthur Harden</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Euler-Chelpin" title="Hans von Euler-Chelpin">Hans von Euler-Chelpin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1930: <a href="/wiki/Hans_Fischer" title="Hans Fischer">Hans Fischer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1931: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Bosch" title="Carl Bosch">Carl Bosch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Bergius" title="Friedrich Bergius">Friedrich Bergius</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1932: <a href="/wiki/Irving_Langmuir" title="Irving Langmuir">Irving Langmuir</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1933</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1934: <a href="/wiki/Harold_Urey" title="Harold Urey">Harold Urey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1935: <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Joliot-Curie" title="Frédéric Joliot-Curie">Frédéric Joliot-Curie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A8ne_Joliot-Curie" title="Irène Joliot-Curie">Irène Joliot-Curie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1936: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Debye" title="Peter Debye">Peter Debye</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1937: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Haworth" title="Norman Haworth">Norman Haworth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Karrer" title="Paul Karrer">Paul Karrer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Kuhn" title="Richard Kuhn">Richard Kuhn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1939: <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Butenandt" title="Adolf Butenandt">Adolf Butenandt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leopold_Ru%C5%BEi%C4%8Dka" title="Leopold Ružička">Leopold Ružička</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1940</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1941</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey">1942</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1943: <a href="/wiki/George_de_Hevesy" title="George de Hevesy">George de Hevesy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1944: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1945: <a href="/wiki/Artturi_Ilmari_Virtanen" title="Artturi Ilmari Virtanen">Artturi Virtanen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1946: <a href="/wiki/James_B._Sumner" title="James B. Sumner">James B. Sumner</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Northrop" title="John Howard Northrop">John Northrop</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Meredith_Stanley" title="Wendell Meredith Stanley">Wendell Meredith Stanley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1947: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Robinson_(chemist)" title="Robert Robinson (chemist)">Robert Robinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1948: <a href="/wiki/Arne_Tiselius" title="Arne Tiselius">Arne Tiselius</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1949: <a href="/wiki/William_Giauque" title="William Giauque">William Giauque</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Diels" title="Otto Diels">Otto Diels</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Alder" title="Kurt Alder">Kurt Alder</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/Edwin_McMillan" title="Edwin McMillan">Edwin McMillan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Glenn_T._Seaborg" title="Glenn T. Seaborg">Glenn T. Seaborg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Archer_Martin" title="Archer Martin">Archer Martin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Laurence_Millington_Synge" title="Richard Laurence Millington Synge">Richard Synge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Staudinger" title="Hermann Staudinger">Hermann Staudinger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1955: <a href="/wiki/Vincent_du_Vigneaud" title="Vincent du Vigneaud">Vincent du Vigneaud</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1956: <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Norman_Hinshelwood" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyril Norman Hinshelwood">Cyril Hinshelwood</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Semyonov" title="Nikolay Semyonov">Nikolay Semyonov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander R. Todd">Alexander Todd</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Heyrovsk%C3%BD" title="Jaroslav Heyrovský">Jaroslav Heyrovský</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1960: <a href="/wiki/Willard_Libby" title="Willard Libby">Willard Libby</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Calvin" title="Melvin Calvin">Melvin Calvin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Max_Perutz" title="Max Perutz">Max Perutz</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Kendrew" title="John Kendrew">John Kendrew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ziegler" title="Karl Ziegler">Karl Ziegler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Natta" title="Giulio Natta">Giulio Natta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1964: <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Hodgkin" title="Dorothy Hodgkin">Dorothy Hodgkin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1965: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns_Woodward" title="Robert Burns Woodward">Robert Woodward</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Mulliken" title="Robert S. Mulliken">Robert S. Mulliken</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Manfred_Eigen" title="Manfred Eigen">Manfred Eigen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ronald_George_Wreyford_Norrish" title="Ronald George Wreyford Norrish">Ronald Norrish</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Porter" title="George Porter">George Porter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Lars_Onsager" title="Lars Onsager">Lars Onsager</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Derek_Barton" title="Derek Barton">Derek Barton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Odd_Hassel" title="Odd Hassel">Odd Hassel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Federico_Leloir" title="Luis Federico Leloir">Luis Federico Leloir</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Herzberg" title="Gerhard Herzberg">Gerhard Herzberg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/Christian_B._Anfinsen" title="Christian B. Anfinsen">Christian B. Anfinsen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Moore" title="Stanford Moore">Stanford Moore</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Stein" title="William Howard Stein">William Stein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Otto_Fischer" title="Ernst Otto Fischer">Ernst Otto Fischer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Wilkinson" title="Geoffrey Wilkinson">Geoffrey Wilkinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Flory" title="Paul Flory">Paul Flory</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/John_Cornforth" title="John Cornforth">John Cornforth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Prelog" title="Vladimir Prelog">Vladimir Prelog</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/William_Lipscomb" title="William Lipscomb">William Lipscomb</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Prigogine" title="Ilya Prigogine">Ilya Prigogine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Peter_D._Mitchell" title="Peter D. Mitchell">Peter D. Mitchell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_C._Brown" title="Herbert C. Brown">Herbert C. Brown</a> / <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wittig" title="Georg Wittig">Georg Wittig</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Berg" title="Paul Berg">Paul Berg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Walter_Gilbert" title="Walter Gilbert">Walter Gilbert</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sanger" title="Frederick Sanger">Frederick Sanger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/Kenichi_Fukui" title="Kenichi Fukui">Kenichi Fukui</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roald_Hoffmann" title="Roald Hoffmann">Roald Hoffmann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Klug" title="Aaron Klug">Aaron Klug</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Taube" title="Henry Taube">Henry Taube</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bruce_Merrifield" title="Robert Bruce Merrifield">Robert Merrifield</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_A._Hauptman" title="Herbert A. Hauptman">Herbert A. Hauptman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Karle" title="Jerome Karle">Jerome Karle</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Dudley_R._Herschbach" title="Dudley R. Herschbach">Dudley R. Herschbach</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yuan_T._Lee" title="Yuan T. Lee">Yuan T. Lee</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Polanyi" title="John Polanyi">John Polanyi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Cram" title="Donald J. Cram">Donald J. Cram</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Lehn" title="Jean-Marie Lehn">Jean-Marie Lehn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Pedersen" title="Charles J. Pedersen">Charles J. Pedersen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Johann_Deisenhofer" title="Johann Deisenhofer">Johann Deisenhofer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Huber" title="Robert Huber">Robert Huber</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hartmut_Michel" title="Hartmut Michel">Hartmut Michel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman">Sidney Altman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cech" title="Thomas Cech">Thomas Cech</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Elias_James_Corey" title="Elias James Corey">Elias Corey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Ernst" title="Richard R. Ernst">Richard R. Ernst</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_A._Marcus" title="Rudolph A. Marcus">Rudolph A. Marcus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Kary_Mullis" title="Kary Mullis">Kary Mullis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Smith_(chemist)" title="Michael Smith (chemist)">Michael Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/George_Andrew_Olah" title="George Andrew Olah">George Olah</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Crutzen" title="Paul J. Crutzen">Paul J. Crutzen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mario_Molina" title="Mario Molina">Mario Molina</a> / <a href="/wiki/F._Sherwood_Rowland" title="F. Sherwood Rowland">F. Sherwood Rowland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Curl" title="Robert Curl">Robert Curl</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harry_Kroto" title="Harry Kroto">Harold Kroto</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Smalley" title="Richard Smalley">Richard Smalley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Paul_D._Boyer" title="Paul D. Boyer">Paul D. Boyer</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_E._Walker" title="John E. Walker">John E. Walker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jens_Christian_Skou" title="Jens Christian Skou">Jens Christian Skou</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Kohn" title="Walter Kohn">Walter Kohn</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Pople" title="John Pople">John Pople</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Zewail" title="Ahmed Zewail">Ahmed Zewail</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/Alan_J._Heeger" title="Alan J. Heeger">Alan J. Heeger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alan_MacDiarmid" title="Alan MacDiarmid">Alan MacDiarmid</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Shirakawa" title="Hideki Shirakawa">Hideki Shirakawa</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/William_Standish_Knowles" title="William Standish Knowles">William Knowles</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%8Dji_Noyori" title="Ryōji Noyori">Ryoji Noyori</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Barry_Sharpless" title="Karl Barry Sharpless">K. Barry Sharpless</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/John_B._Fenn" title="John B. Fenn">John B. Fenn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Koichi_Tanaka" title="Koichi Tanaka">Koichi Tanaka</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kurt_W%C3%BCthrich" title="Kurt Wüthrich">Kurt Wüthrich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Agre" title="Peter Agre">Peter Agre</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roderick_MacKinnon" title="Roderick MacKinnon">Roderick MacKinnon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Ciechanover" title="Aaron Ciechanover">Aaron Ciechanover</a> / <a href="/wiki/Avram_Hershko" title="Avram Hershko">Avram Hershko</a> / <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Rose" title="Irwin Rose">Irwin Rose</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Grubbs" title="Robert H. Grubbs">Robert H. Grubbs</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Schrock" title="Richard R. Schrock">Richard R. Schrock</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yves_Chauvin" title="Yves Chauvin">Yves Chauvin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Roger_D._Kornberg" title="Roger D. Kornberg">Roger D. Kornberg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ertl" title="Gerhard Ertl">Gerhard Ertl</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Osamu_Shimomura" title="Osamu Shimomura">Osamu Shimomura</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Chalfie" title="Martin Chalfie">Martin Chalfie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roger_Y._Tsien" title="Roger Y. Tsien">Roger Y. Tsien</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Venki_Ramakrishnan" title="Venki Ramakrishnan">Venkatraman Ramakrishnan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Steitz" title="Thomas A. Steitz">Thomas A. Steitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ada_Yonath" title="Ada Yonath">Ada E. Yonath</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Richard_F._Heck" title="Richard F. Heck">Richard F. Heck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Suzuki" title="Akira Suzuki">Akira Suzuki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ei-ichi_Negishi" title="Ei-ichi Negishi">Ei-ichi Negishi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Dan_Shechtman" title="Dan Shechtman">Dan Shechtman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lefkowitz" title="Robert Lefkowitz">Robert Lefkowitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Brian_Kobilka" title="Brian Kobilka">Brian Kobilka</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Karplus" title="Martin Karplus">Martin Karplus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Levitt_(biophysicist)" title="Michael Levitt (biophysicist)">Michael Levitt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arieh_Warshel" title="Arieh Warshel">Arieh Warshel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Eric_Betzig" title="Eric Betzig">Eric Betzig</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Hell" title="Stefan Hell">Stefan Hell</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_E._Moerner" title="William E. Moerner">William E. Moerner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Tomas_Lindahl" title="Tomas Lindahl">Tomas Lindahl</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_L._Modrich" title="Paul L. Modrich">Paul L. Modrich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Aziz_Sancar" title="Aziz Sancar">Aziz Sancar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Sauvage" title="Jean-Pierre Sauvage">Jean-Pierre Sauvage</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Stoddart" title="Fraser Stoddart">Fraser Stoddart</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ben_Feringa" title="Ben Feringa">Ben Feringa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Dubochet" title="Jacques Dubochet">Jacques Dubochet</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Frank" title="Joachim Frank">Joachim Frank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Henderson_(biologist)" title="Richard Henderson (biologist)">Richard Henderson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Frances_Arnold" title="Frances Arnold">Frances Arnold</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Winter" title="Gregory Winter">Gregory Winter</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">George Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/John_B._Goodenough" title="John B. Goodenough">John B. Goodenough</a> / <a href="/wiki/M._Stanley_Whittingham" title="M. Stanley Whittingham">M. Stanley Whittingham</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Akira Yoshino</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Emmanuelle_Charpentier" title="Emmanuelle Charpentier">Emmanuelle Charpentier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2021: <a href="/wiki/David_MacMillan" title="David MacMillan">David MacMillan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_List" title="Benjamin List">Benjamin List</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Bertozzi" title="Carolyn Bertozzi">Carolyn R. Bertozzi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Morten_P._Meldal" title="Morten P. Meldal">Morten P. Meldal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Karl_Barry_Sharpless" title="Karl Barry Sharpless">Karl Barry Sharpless</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/Moungi_Bawendi" title="Moungi Bawendi">Moungi G. Bawendi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_E._Brus" title="Louis E. Brus">Louis E. Brus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexey_Ekimov" title="Alexey Ekimov">Alexei I. Ekimov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2024: <a href="/wiki/David_Baker_(biochemist)" title="David Baker (biochemist)">David Baker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Demis_Hassabis" title="Demis Hassabis">Demis Hassabis</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_M._Jumper" title="John M. Jumper">John M. Jumper</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2018_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2018_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2018 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2018_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template talk:2018 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2018_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2018 Nobel Prize winners"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2018_Nobel_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2018 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> laureates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Arnold" title="Frances Arnold">Frances Arnold</a> (United States)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">George Smith</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Winter" title="Gregory Winter">Gregory Winter</a> (United Kingdom)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/2018_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="2018 Nobel Prize in Literature">2018</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Olga_Tokarczuk" title="Olga Tokarczuk">Olga Tokarczuk</a> (Poland) (<i>announced in 2019</i>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Peace</a> (<a href="/wiki/2018_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2018 Nobel Peace Prize">2018</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Mukwege" title="Denis Mukwege">Denis Mukwege</a> (Democratic Republic of the Congo)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_Murad" title="Nadia Murad">Nadia Murad</a> (Iraq)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashkin" title="Arthur Ashkin">Arthur Ashkin</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Mourou" title="Gérard Mourou">Gérard Mourou</a> (France)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Donna Strickland</a> (Canada)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_P._Allison" title="James P. Allison">James P. Allison</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasuku_Honjo" title="Tasuku Honjo">Tasuku Honjo</a> (Japan)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economic Sciences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Nordhaus" title="William Nordhaus">William Nordhaus</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Romer" title="Paul Romer">Paul Romer</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">Nobel Prize recipients</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2013_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2013 Nobel Prize winners">2013</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2014_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2014 Nobel Prize winners">2014</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2015_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2015 Nobel Prize winners">2015</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2016_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2016 Nobel Prize winners">2016</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2017_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2017 Nobel Prize winners">2017</a></dd> <dd><b>2018 </b></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2019_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2019 Nobel Prize winners">2019</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2020_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2020 Nobel Prize winners">2020</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2021_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2021 Nobel Prize winners">2021</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2022_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2022 Nobel Prize winners">2022</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:2023_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Template:2023 Nobel Prize winners">2023</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56868017#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56868017#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" 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